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Planarians Often Hampered by the Inadequacies, According to Modern

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Planarians Often Hampered by the Inadequacies, According to Modern Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 50 (1): 235-242 — 1980 Freshwater planarians from Colombia. A revision of Fuhrmann’s types by Ian R. Ball Institute of Taxonomie Zoology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Abstract in mis- tant planarian taxonomy, are occasionally The type material of Colombian species of freshwater triclads interpreted because the particular specimen is (Fuhrmann, 1914) is revised and the original descriptions curved, or for some other reason the sections are corrected and amplified. Planaria polyorchis is conspecific In Fuhrmann's Planaria not true. other descriptions, with Dugesia festai (Borelli). longistriata is a respects typical Girardia species of the Dugesia (Girardia) tigrina originally in French, are generally reliable and group, a group widespread in North and South America. here in are repeated only summary. Planaria paramensis and P. cameliae belong to a group of Dugesia species characterized particularly by their dorsal and number of and around testes, exemplified by a species in SPECIES ACCOUNTS the Caribbean region. Dugesia (Girardia) longistriata (Fuhrmann, 1, INTRODUCTION 1914) (Figs. 2) work on often is Revisionary aquatic planarians Planaria longistriata Fuhrmann, 1914: 796 hampered by the inadequacies, according to modern Euplanaria longistriata: Kenk, 1930: 292. Dugesia longistriata: Kenk, 1941: 7. criteria, of early species accounts and by the general of material. It is unavailability type important, Type material. — British Museum (Natural History), therefore, when types are rediscovered, that they be 1928.1.5.16-18 and 1928.1.5.81-86, alcohol specimens (para- types). BMNH 1928.1.4.245-257, slides as follows: 245-250 reassessed and their status and location docu- wholemounts; 251 oblique sagittal sections; 252-253 sagittal mented. In the I the present paper report on type sections, copulatory apparatus not in the series; 254 sagittal material of freshwater planarians described from sections (cf. Fuhrmann, 1914, fig. 4); 255-257 frontal sec- tions (cf. Fuhrmann, 1914, fig. 5). All the available slides Colombia, South America, by Fuhrmann (1914), been but have re-examined the new description and figures which are now housed in the collections of types are based primarily upon the wholemount 245, sagittal series the British Museum (Natural History). Our total 254, and frontal series 255-257. Slide 254 is difficult to interpret because it has at some time been damaged and knowledge concerning the Colombian paludicolan repaired. fauna is derived only from Fuhrmann's publi- cation and in view of the of interest — resurgence Redescription. The external features in the Dugesiidae of northern Neotropica (Ball, are as described by Fuhrmann (1914; 796) and Mitchell redrawn here 1971; & Kawakatsu, 1972; Codreanu specimen 245 has been as fig. 1. & in it to Balcesco, 1973; Gourbault, 1979, press) Living specimens are up 18 mm long, very is unfortunate that Fuhrmann's actual and of ochre colour with dark specimens agile, a light many should have remained unknown and unstudied for brown stripes. The ventral surface is pale and lacks The is in so long. stripes. pharynx pigmented, as other the that World Accepting principle our task is not to New Dugesiidae, the pigment lying imme- know beneath name species but to them I am presenting diately the outer musculature of the here corrections and amplifications to Fuhrmann's pharynx. of the Colombian to The testes are and descriptions species so as numerous, small, occur in facilitate further monographic work on the Duge- clusters ventrally situated throughout the body- siidae. The original accounts lack histological length. There are three or four testicular follicles information and the the which latter copulatory organs, so impor- anterior to ovaries, occur ventrally 236 I. R. BALL - FUHRMANN'S COLOMBIAN PLANARIANS found in between the third and fourth intestinal diverticula. Distribution. — This species was The vitellaria are found throughout the body, two quite distinct localities: (1) Laguna Ubaque, and principally dorsally situated, there are numer- east slopes of the Cordillera Oriental (2112 m) The oviducts from Paramo Cruz ous pre-ovarial follicles. arise at Verde (04°34'N 74°02'W) the wall southeast of Shores of Pedro- outer lateral of each ovary, extending Bogota. (2 ) Laguna little is east side of Sabana de forwards a way so that there a sperm- palo (2000 m), Bogotâ O filled tuba anterior the 43'N northwest of to ovary (Fuhrmann, 1914, (04 74°10'W) Bogota. fig. 6). Dugesia (Girardia) paramensis (Fuhrmann, The penis consists of a stout muscular bulb and 1914) (Figs. 3, 4) a short conical papilla extending into the male said Fuhrmann Planaria atrium. The vasa deferentia are by paramensis Fuhrmann, 1914: 798. Euplanaria paramensisr: Kenk, 1930: 292. the where to extend to gonopore, from they recurve Dugesia paramensis: Kenk, 1941: 7. to the bulb. In fact the recurvature can be penis Dugesia ( Girardia ) paramensis: Ball, 1974: 377. much less (fig. 2). There is no intrabulbar vesicle Type material. — British Museum (Natural History), and the narrow duct, which at ejaculatory opens 1928.1.5.87-88, alcohol specimens. BMNH 1928.1.4.258-270, the tip of the papilla, is more ventrally than slides as follows: 258-260 wholemounts; 261-264 sagittal sec- tions (cf. Fuhrmann, 1914, fig. 9); 265-268 frontal sections centrally located. The male atrium and the penis (cf. Fuhrmann, 1914, fig. 10); 269-270 frontal sections. All are invested with a nucleate papilla epithelium the available slides have been re-examined but the redescrip- that the is and based the two series whereas of ejaculatory duct infra- tion new figures are primarily upon 261-264 and 265-268. nucleate. — The external features The bursa copulatrix is a sacciform organ lying Redescription. anterior to the penis and the bursal canal curves are as described by Fuhrmann (1914: 798) and the which shows over atrium, bending sharply downwards to specimen 258, a supernumerary eye, roof wide sinuous duct has redrawn here open into its as a above been as fig. 3. Living specimens the At the where the bursal canal and dark gonopore. point are up to 20 x 2 mm, jet-black dorsally the oviducts into The is curves downwards, two open grey ventrally. pharynx pigmented. it from and these separately behind, beneath are The testes are large, discrete, and numerous numerous and extensive shell glands (fig. 2). follicles dorsally situated throughout the body- The bursal canal is lined with a ciliated and length. The first of the testes are immediately nucleate overlain thin of the be anterior epithelium by layers adjacent (lateral ) to ovaries, or may circular and The vitellaria subepithelial muscles outer longitu- to them. occur throughout the body dinal of in the ventral and muscle fibres. The longitudinal muscles but are more extensive half, The the bursal canal may also extend part way over there are some pre-ovarial follicles. oviducts of the bursa itself. The vaginal region the bursal show no special peculiarities and enter the bursal canal, between oviducts and atrium, and also the canal separately above the shell glands, in the wall of the atrium and walls of the usual posterior way. characterized is in and gonopore, are by a significant The copulatory complex shown fig. 4, of the inner circular muscle this be with the of Fuhrmann thickening layer. may compared fig. 9 is the The which a drawing of same specimen. consists muscular and penis of a stout bulb an Remarks. — In my revision of the Dugesiidae elongate conical papilla. The vasa deferentia I made of Planaria extend the sides of the and (Ball, 1974) no assignment along pharynx open longistriata. However, it clearly falls within the into the penis bulb with varying degrees of Girardia subgenus as therein defined. Dugesia recurvature (fig. 4; Fuhrmann, 1914, fig. 10), be all other bifid seminal longistriata may distinguished from to form a vesicle. The wide ejacu- members of the D. duct the of tigrina group (see below) by latory opens almost at tip the penis; its colour pattern, and by its short conical penis Fuhrmann (1914, fig. 9) believed that it opened lacking a developed seminal vesicle. subterminally but he failed to notice the recurva- BIJDRAGEN TOT DE DIERKUNDE, 50 (1) - 1980 237 Figs. 1-4. Colombian freshwater triclads of Fuhrmann, 1914, redrawn from the type material. 1, Dugesia longistriata, features BMNH 1928.1.4.245, external drawn from a wholemount; 2, D. longistriata, BMNH 1928.1.4.254,sagittal section of viewed from the left BMNH external features drawn the copulatory apparatus side; 3, D. paramensis, 1928.1.4.258, from a wholemount (same scale as fig. 1); 4,D. paramensis, BMNH 1928.1.4.262, sagittal section of the copulatory from left apparatus viewed the side (same scale as fig. 2). = = = = Abbreviations: bc bursa bs bursal ed = male od = copulatrix; canal; ejaculatory duct; go gonopore; ma atrium; = = shell vd = deferens. oviduct; pe penis; sg glands; vas 238 I. R. BALL - FUHRMANN'S COLOMBIAN PLANARIANS Fuhr- of in his and I that ture of the tip the papilla specimen (cf. (Borelli, 1898), propose with tall mann's be considered as fig. 4). The male atrium is lined with a species conspecific with flat the latter Kenk, 1974: estai nucleate epithelium, the penis papilla a (cf. 27). Dugesia f infra- is in the Andes epithelium that is partially or completely a species apparently widespread Ecuador and also into Vene- nucleate; the ejaculatory duct is infranucleate. of Peru, extending has been recorded from The bursa copulatrix lies anterior to the penis zuela and Curaçao. It Mitchell & Kawakatsu and from it the bursal canal curves smoothly over Colombia by (1973: 658). the atrium into which it above the opens gonopore. ciliated infra- cameliae The bursal canal is lined with a Dugesia (Girardia) (Fuhrmann, 1914) nucleate cuboidal epithelium overlain by thick (Figs.
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