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Coastal Climate Change Hazards

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Coastal Climate Change Hazards January 11, 2017 King Tide at Its Beach source: Visit Santa Cruz County City of Santa Cruz Beaches Urban Climate Adaptation Policy Implication & Response Strategy Evaluation Technical Report June 30, 2020 This page intentionally left blank for doodling City of Santa Cruz Beaches Climate Adaptation Policy Response Strategy Technical Report ii Report Prepared for the City of Santa Cruz Report prepared by the Central Coast Wetlands Group at Moss Landing Marine Labs and Integral Consulting Authors: Ross Clark, Sarah Stoner-Duncan, David Revell, Rachel Pausch, Andre Joseph-Witzig Funding Provided by the California Coastal Commission City of Santa Cruz Beaches Climate Adaptation Policy Response Strategy Technical Report iii Table of Contents 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Project Goals .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Planning Context .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Project Process ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 2. Site Description ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Beach Segments ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Natural Bridges State Beach ................................................................................................................................................................................ 10 West Cliff Pocket Beaches ................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 Main and Cowell Beaches .................................................................................................................................................................................... 25 Seabright State Beach .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 3. Sea Level Rise Science and Projected Impacts .......................................................................................................................................... 39 New State SLR Guidance ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Scenario Selection for Planning ........................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Coastal Climate Change Hazards ......................................................................................................................................................................... 40 Natural Bridges State Beach Projected Coastal Hazards ..................................................................................................................................... 42 West Cliff Projected Coastal Hazards................................................................................................................................................................... 46 Main and Cowell Beaches Projected Coastal Hazards ......................................................................................................................................... 50 Seabright State Beach Projected Hazards............................................................................................................................................................ 55 4. Adaptation Alternatives .......................................................................................................................................................................... 60 Categories of Adaptation Strategies .................................................................................................................................................................... 60 Adaptation Strategy Alternatives ........................................................................................................................................................................ 60 5. Beach Specific Adaptation Strategies & Pathways ................................................................................................................................... 69 City of Santa Cruz Beaches Climate Adaptation Policy Response Strategy Technical Report iv Adaptation Pathway Overview ............................................................................................................................................................................ 69 Monitoring, Triggers, and Thresholds .................................................................................................................................................................. 70 Recommended Future Plans ................................................................................................................................................................................ 71 Natural Bridges State Beach Adaptation Strategy Options & Pathway Alternatives .......................................................................................... 73 West Cliff Pocket Beaches Adaptation Strategy Options & Pathway Alternatives .............................................................................................. 79 Main & Cowell Beaches Adaptation Strategy Options & Pathway Alternatives ................................................................................................. 99 Seabright State Beach Adaptation Strategy Options & Pathway Alternatives .................................................................................................. 112 6. Conclusion .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 129 7. References ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 130 Table of Appendices Adaptation Strategy Case Studies .................................................................................................................................................................. Appendix A Adaptation Strategy Overview Matrix ........................................................................................................................................................... Appendix B Adaptation Preferences: Outputs from TAC, City Department Heads, & Public Engagement Process ......................................................... Appendix C Social Vulernability Needs, Risk, and Impact Assessment ............................................................................................................................. Appendix D Santa Cruz Resilient Beaches Monitoring Strategy and Potential Triggers and Thresholds .......................................................................... Appendix E Funding Strategies for Resilience ................................................................................................................................................................... Appendix F Adaptation Strategy Implementation Tools Matrix ...................................................................................................................................... Appendix G City of Santa Cruz Beaches Climate Adaptation Policy Response Strategy Technical Report v Table of Figures Figure 1. Beach adaptation planning process. ............................................................................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2. Attendees of the community open house workshop in March 2020 give their input on priority beach resource goals. ............................. 7 Figure 3. Beach segments included in evaluation and planning process ...................................................................................................................... 9 Figure 4. Natural Bridges State Beach ......................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Figure 5. Average numbers of people observed participating in water-based activities at Natural Bridges State Beach .......................................... 11 Figure 6. Average numbers of people observed participating in land-based activities at Natural Bridges State Beach ...........................................
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