Title Items-In-Secretary-General's Statements

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Title items-in-Secretary-General's Statements

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Container S-0985-0001: Secretary-General's Statements

Print Name of Person Submit Image Signature of Person Submit UNITED NATIONS Press Section Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA. — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/1700 30 May 1972

STATEMENT BY SECRETARY-GENERAL KURT WALDHEIM CONCERNING MOSCOW TALKS

I welcome the progress achieved in Moscow by the leaders of the USSR and the United States in several fields which are vital to the United Nations„

The Joint Declaration and the Joint Communique are important documents in this regard. I note with satisfaction the statement of determination to strengthen the effectiveness of the United Nations; the re-affirmation of support for the United Nations efforts towards a peaceful settlement in the Middle East in accordance with Security Council resolution 2^2; and the progress achieved in the field of disarmament, I reiterate my hope, now that agreement has been reached to curb the most sophisticated weapons of mass destruction, that wider agreements on actual disarmament will be achieved*

« AV AV. -V A- J/T.V UNITED NATIONS Press Section Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/1701 30 May 1972

STATEMENT BY SECRETARY-GENERAL ON AFRICAN LIBERATION DAY

Following is the text of a statement by Secretary-General Kurt Waldheira at a reception held today at United Nations Headquarters to mark African Liberation Day 1972: I am glad to be able to join you today for the observance of the African Liberation Day. Nine years ago, the independent African States decided to designate 25 May every year — the anniversary date of the adoption of the Charter of the Organization of African Unity — as the African Liberation Day; in so doing, the African States wanted to attach a symbolic importance to the liberation of the peoples in the remaining dependent African Territories. While, by signing the Charter of the Organization of African Unity, it resolved to take concerted action to further the general progress of Africa and to secure the welfare and well-being of its peoples, independent Africa has realized that its goals could not be achieved completely until the whole of Africa is free from foreign domination or the rule of minority regimes, Both the United Nations and the Organization of African Unity have the same objective with regard to the African Territories which are still dependent, namely, their total emancipation. As the Organization of African Unity recalled in 1969 in its Manifesto on Southern Africa, that historic document in which independent Africa has spoken so nobly the language of the Charter of the United Nations and which was welcomed by the General Assembly at the 2^th session, the aim is to secure for the peoples of southern Africa the exercise of their rights to self-determination and independence, in other words, those Inalienable rights which are enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations and enunciated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples. It is therefore, fitting that all those who are concerned about the plight of the millions of Africans who are still denied their basic human rights should get together on African Liberation Day to review the situation with regard to the dependent Territories and to see what remains to be done.

Special tribute is due to members of the African Group at the United Nations for bringing into greater focus the dangerous situation existing in southern Africa. Your efforts have resulted in the adoption of a number of resolutions and declarations which provide an adequate framework for the action which should be taken to remedy the situation.

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Your request that the Security Council should hold a special session to discuss Africa's problems was well founded as I already had the occasion to say. There is no doubt that the holding of a Security Council session last February in Addis Ababa has contributed to a better understanding of the problems involved and of the urgency to solve them. I have also followed with great interest the efforts of the delegation of the Organization of African Unity which under the leadership first of President Kaunda of Zambia and then of President Quid Daddah of Mauritania, has met the leaders of many countries including those of the permanent members of the Security Council to enlist their support .for the implementation of relevant resolutions, It is my belief that these methods of personal contacts among United Nations Members and of enlightening international public opinion could and should bear fruit if the United Nations is to solve the problems peacefully. I hope that the efforts of Presidents Kaunda and Quid Daddah will not be in vain* I still believe that rational argument can prevail in the deliberations of the United Nations and can help us to overcome the obstacles which are obstructing the road to a peaceful settlement of the conflicts in southern Africa. Being totally committed to upholding the principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter and in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and consequently to the liberation of Africa, I can assure you that I will do whatever I can to prevail upon the Member States whose co-operation is lacking at present to help us resolve the impasse in southern Africa. Of course, in all my endeavours I will be guided by the principle that there can be no compromise on freedom, dignity and respect of the peoples concerned. On the occasion of African Liberation Day 1972, I extend my sincerest wishes to all our African brothers. I have no doubt that freedom and human dignity will finally prevail all over Africa.

# #** # UNITED NATIONS Press Section Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OP INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/1699 26 May 1972

Sj^rEMEHTJ^ ARMS LIMITATION AJJREEMENT.,BETWEEN USSR AND TOUTED STATES

I am. most gratified about the news that the USSR and the United States reached agreement today in Moscow to limit the number and deployment of antiballistic missile systems and to place a numerical ceiling on offensive missiles, both land-based and submarine-based.

The United Nations has repeatedly stressed the crucial importance of halting and reversing the arms race, particularly the nuclear arms race. The agreement which has just been concluded between the Soviet Union and the United States must be viewed as a major step in this direction. It is my strong hope that this will constitute the beginning of a process which will also encompass qualitative aspects of disarmament and actual reductions of weapons arsenals and thus promote general and complete disarmament, the achievement of which is one of the basic goals of the United Nations. NATIONS UTSIES Section de la presse Service de 1'information United Nations, W.Y. • (A L

Communiqu^ de presse SG/SM/1696 25 mai 1972

ALLOCUTION PRONONCEE PAR LE SECRETAIRE GENERAL A L'UNIVERSITE D'OTTAWA (CANADA), LE 25 MAI 19I£«_A L'OCCASION DE LA REMISE DES DIPLOMES

Monsieur le President, Messieurs les Professeurs, Mesdames, Messieurs,

Je suis extremement reconnaissant -a I'Universite Carleton de m'avoir fait 1'honneur de me nommer Docteur en droit honoris causa et de m'offrir 1'occasion de prendre la parole au cours de cette reunion speciale. Je suis sincerement heureux que vous m'ayez compris aujourd'hui au nombre de ces homines et de ces femmes reimarquables qui viennent de recevoir leurs diplomes. Us rehausseront le prestige academique de 1'Universite Carleton et, sur un plan plus general, continueront les traditions de savoir qui sont celles du Canada et aideront ce pays a jouer son role dans le monde.

Je me rappelle qu'en 195^- cette Universite, qui etait alors le College Carleton, a confSre au Secretaire general Dag Hammarskjold un diplome honoris causa, le premier que ce college ait jamais decerne et le premier que Dag Hammarskjold ait accept^ en tant que Secretaire general. Par la suite, en 196~2, votre Universite a conf^re un diplome honoris causa au Secretaire general U Thant. Vous comprendrez done combien j'apprecie que vous ayez pense a m'accorder cette distinction.

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~ 2 - Communique de presse SG/SM/1696 25 mai 1972

Je voudrais profiter de ma presence Ici, dans la capitale d'un pays qui qui a contribue" de faqon aussi importante au role de maintien de la paix des Nations Unies, pour vous parler de cet aspect tres important des fonctions de 1'Organisation Mondiale. II est certes particulierement approprie que ce soit au Canada que je le fasse pour la premiere fois en public : le Gouvernement canadien a ete 1'un des plus ardents champions des operations de 1'Organisation des Nations Unies relatives au maintien de la paix et dans presque toutes ces operations, des officiers et des soldats canadiens ont jou£ un role de premier plan. Ce qui est tout aussi important c'est que des homines d'Etat canadiens et, en particulier, M. Lester Pearson, ont fait oeuvre de pionniers lorsqu'il s'est agi de developper I1aptitude de I1Organisation des Nations Unies au maintien de la paix. JTaimerais evoquer cette aptitude au maintien de la paix de 1'ONU dans le sens le plus large du terme. Le problems est beaucoup plus vaste que les operations de maintien de la paix menees a Chypre, au Moyen-Orient et au Cachemire pourraient laisser croire. Certes, les efforts en vue du maintien de la paix deployes par 1'entremise de 1'Organisation des Nations Unies portent sur de nombreux autres dcmaines, mentionnes rarement en public. II convient de citer la diplomatic discrete, les bons offices et les nombreux contacts et efforts a des fins de conciliation qui se poursuivent aux Nations Unies presque quotidiennement. L'objectif de la plupart de ces efforts est de s'attaquer aux problemes internationaux avant qu'ils ne degenerent en crise publique. Cette action d'ensemble a parfois ete qualifiee de "diplomatic preventive", Lorsqu'elle est couronnee de succes elle est beaucoup plus efficace - et moins couteuse - que I1action qu'il faut entreprendre lorsqu'on a affaire a un affrontement politique ou militaire caracterise. Une bonne pairtie de la tacne quotidienne du Secretaire general et des representants permanents des Etats Membres, a New York, releve de maniere geoerale, de la diplomatie preventive.

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lie maintien de la paix et la diplomatic preventive sont des instruments de raison, de conciliation et de moderation. Malheureuseiaent, certaines situations ne se pretent pas d'emblee a cette maniere de proceder. II semble a vrai dire qu'il y ait une tendance alarmante a s'ecarter des methodes de reglement des differends offertes par la charte des Nations Unies. Les gouvernements paraissent souvent leur preferer des methodes plus anciennes pour regler leurs problemes, que ce soit par la diplomatic secrete ou meme par la force. Naturellement, la diplomatic secrete presente la plus grande importance, mais dans certains cas, elle risque de ne pas tenir suffisamment compte des interets et des craintes de la grand.e majorite des moyennes et des petites puissances. L1Organisation des Nations Unies - comme la Societe des Nations qui 1'a precedee - a ete creee a la suite d'une guerre mondiale provoquee dans une large mesure par les rivalites entre grandes puissances* L'Organisation a ete fondee precisement pour prevenir une nouvelle guerre generalised gralce a la mise en place d'un systeme de relations internationales plus rationnel, plus ouvert et fonde sur une base plus large. Dans cette perspective historique, la tendance actuelle de la pratique Internationale est quelque peu inquietaote. II y a dix ans, lors d'un affrontement international que beaucoup consideraient comme le plus dangereux en puissance depuis la deuxieme guerre mondiale, la crise des missiles a Cuba, le Conseil de s^curite des Nations Unies a ete tres rapidement appele a intervenir par les parties elles-me'mes qui ont reconnu que la situation menaqait non seulement les relations entre les Etats-Unis et 1'Union sovietique mais aussi la paix du monde en general. A I'honneur de tous les interesses, le Conseil de securite et le Secretaire general par interim ont joue un role important lorsqu'il s'est agi d'aider les deux grandes puissances concernees a mettre fin a la crise. Dix ans plus tard, la situation paralt differente. L'an dernier, une guerre entre 1'Inde et le Pakistan qui comptent parmi les plus grands Etats Membres de 1'Organisation des Nations Unies, a eu lieu en depit de tous les efforts de mon predecesseur, qui avait cherche auparavant pendant des mois a amener 1'Organisation des Nations Unies a jouer son rSle de conciliateur et a aider les parties a eviter un conflit militaire. Au cours des dernieres semaines, le monde a suivi avec angoisse et anxiete la montee des en^'eux et 1'escalade des activites militaires au Viet-Nam. Bien que ce soit la une des guerres les plus longues et les plus sanglantes de 1'histoire, le Conseil de securite des Nations Unies n'a jamais e"te engage reellement dans une tentative de recherche d'un reglement. Or, la guerre est plus violente et plus dangereuse que jamais et une intervention du Conseil de securite ou un recours aux moyens de conciliation qu'offre la Charte semble de moins en moins probable. Certes, il est de bon ton dans certains milieux de d^nigrer 1'Organisation mondiale creee par les puissances victorieuses de la deuxieme guerre mondiale pour "preserver les generations futures du fleau de la guerre".

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Communique de presse SG/SM/1696 25 mai 1972

Quelle est la raison de ce revirement? L'OHTJ, malgre^ la lourdeur qu' accuse parfois son mecanisme, et malgre sa verbosite, tend cependant a retablir en fin de compte la communication et a reduire la tension et les risques inherents aux conflits. Les methodes 'de la diplomatie secrete, en revanche,, comportent des elements qui aboutissent facilement a des malentendus et qui, frequeimnent, ne tiennent pas compte de 1'interet general de tous les membres de la communaute Internationale non parties au conflit. Le monde entier a paye cher de tels malentendus au XXeme siecle. Je ne veux pas dire que 1'action de 1'OKU en matiere de maintien de la paix ou les procedures du Conseil de securite off rent par elles-memes des moyens adequate de resoudre les differends internationaux de notre epoque. Je maintiens cependant que cette voie ouvre des perspectives beaucoup plus encourageantes que les methodes du passe qui, par deux fois au.cours de ce siecle, ont abouti a des catastrophes integrales. Mais 1'OMJ ne pourra repondre a cebte attente que lorsque les gouvernernents decidercnt de 1'utiliser comme il avait ete initialement prevu. Actuellement, on a egalement tendance a tourner I'OKU en derision, a denoncer sa faiblesse et son inefficacite en tant qu' organisation politique dont on dit qu'elle n'est pas a la mesure de 1'astuce, de la richesse et de la sagacite superieures des Etats souverains puissants. Et cependant ce sont les grandes puissances, aux prises avec la realite de six annees de guerre totale, qui ont pris 1' initiative de creer 1'OMU et qui ont ete a 1'origine de son systeme de conciliation, de negociation, de desarmement et de securite collective, Faut-il a nouveau cStoyer 1'abime de la guerre mondiale pour reapprendre une fois de plus les leqons que nous avions tirees de 1'atroce experience de 191^^ puis de 1939? operations de maintien de la paix de 1'OHU ont fait couler beaucoup d'encre et ont ete le theme de maints discours. II ne fait aucun doute que, dans de nombreuses regions du monde, 1'OMJ a joue un role fort utile dans certains secteurs critiques en assumant des responsabilites, lorsque le processus de decolonisation a cree une solution de continuite dans 1'exercice du pouvoir. Les operations de maintien de la paix ont toujours eu un caractere improvise dans une grande mesure et il sT agit d'une activite volontaire dans ,tous les sens du terme. C'est de leur plein gre que les gouvernements hotes acceptent les operations de maintien de la paix sur leur territoire; les troupes sont fournies a titre volontaire par d'autres gouvernements; et 1' effort de maintien de la paix de 1'OMJ n'aboutit que dans la mesure ou les parties au conflit s 'abstiennent .volontairement de recourir a la force. La formule continue a jouer un role tres utile par exemple a Chypre, en tant qu-'elle offre des garanties a toutes les parties et assure une presence utile et apaisante. Le recent stationnement d'observateurs des Bfations Unies dans le sud du Liban illustre bien la maniere dont le personnel militaire des Nations Unies peut. contribuer a faire tomber la tension dans un secteur critique,

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Mais le caractere volontaire de 1'action de maintien de la paix en limits effectivement 1'application aux regions ou lea parties au conflit sont pretes a faire preuve, de leur plein gre, d'une grande moderation. Les operations de maintien de la paix de 1'OMJ ont souvent un autre inconvenient a long terme. Si, dans certains cas, elles ont fourni un moyen precieux pour arreter les combats engages et diminuer la tension, elles ont quelque peu tendance, d1autre part, a geler les situations et non a offrir des encouragements ou des msthodes en vue d'un reglement de base des problesies fondamentaux. II importe done au plus haut point qu'a 1'avenir les efforts de maintien de la paix soient completes par des methodes plus efficaces visant 1'instauration de la paix et je nourris 1'espoir de voir 1'OHU faire des progres rapides dans cette voie au cours des prochaines annees. II importe de rappeler egalement que 1'action improvisee de maintien de la paix de I'ONU, bien qu'elle ait ete efficace, par le passe, dans un certain nombre de situations cruciales, constitue histcriquement, tout au plus un expedient utilise en cas d'urgence, en attendant que les buts plus larges de la Charte soient atteints. Ce n'est que lorsque le desarmement sera devenu une realite et que toutes les nations auront decide de donner a la Charte des Nations Unies une chance reelle en matiere de cooperation et de securite Internationales qu'un progres vraiment significatif pourra etre realise" sur la voie de 1'etablissement d'un systeme sur d'ordre mondial et de paix generale.

jt em cc: Dr. Hennig Mrs.Mira

9 June

Dear $FB. Patterson, In the absence of the Seeretary-Qeneral, I -wish to thank you for your thoughtfulness in hto the photographs taken at Carle t on and the oews stories on the convocation. 1 shiall gladly fering these to his attention upon his retiom- Yours sincerely.,

Georg Hennig Head of the Secretariat of the Secretary-General

Judy Information Officer Carleton tfeiirersity GoloWBl lay Edve Ottawa 1, Canada UNITED NATIONS Press Section Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/1696 I 25 May 1972

TEXT OF COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS BY SECRETARY-GENERAL KURT WALDHEIM AT CARLETOW UNIVERSITY IN OTTAWA, CANADA, ON 25 MAY 1972

Mr. President, Members of the Faculty, Fellow Graduates. I am most grateful to Carleton University for honouring me with a degree of Doctor of Law honoris causa and also for giving me this opportunity to address this special convocation. I sincerely appreciate that you have included me today among the very fine men and women who have just now received their degrees. They will carry further the academic reputation of Carleton University and, in a wider context, continue Canada's tradition of learning and contribute to Canada's role in the world at large. I recall that . in 195^ the then Carleton College conferred an honorary degree on Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold, the first honorary degree that was ever awarded by Carleton College and the first accepted by Dag Hammarskjold as Secretary-General. Later on in 19^2 my predecessor, Secretary-General U Thant, also received an honorary degree from-your University. You will therefore understand how much I value your thoughtfulness in offering me this distinction. Being here in the capital of a country that has contributed so much to the peace-keeping role of the United Nations, I should like to use this opportunity to talk to you about this most important function of the world Organization. That I do so for the first time in a public address in Canada is indeed especially appropriate; The Canadian Government has been one of the strongest supporters of United Nations peace-keeping operations, in almost all of which Canadian officers and men have played a vital role. Equally important, Canadian statesmen, and especially Mr. Lester Pearson, have played a pioneering role in building up the peace-keeping capability of the United Nations.

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I should like to talk about the United Nations' capacity for peace keeping in the broadest sense of the term. The problem is far wider than the existing peace-keeping operations in Cyprus, the Middle East and Kashmir might suggest. Indeed, efforts at peace keeping through the United Nations cover many other areas which are seldom publicly mentioned. Quiet diplomacy, good offices, and the many contacts and efforts at conciliation that go on at the United Nations almost every day must be listed. The objective of most of these efforts is to deal with international problems before they reach the public crisis stage. This general effort has sometimes been called "preventive diplomacy". When it succeeds it is far more effective — and much cheaper — than trying to deal with a fully developed political or military confrontation. Much of the day-to-day work of the Secretary-General and of the permanent representatives of the Member States in New York comes under this general heading of preventive diplomacy. Peace keeping and preventive diplomacy are instruments of reason, conciliation and moderation. Unfortunately, some situations are not immediately susceptible to such treatment. In fact there seems to be an alarming trend away from the methods of settling disputes offered by the United Nations Charter. Instead, Governments often seem to prefer older methods to settle their problems, either through secret diplomacy or even by force. Naturally, secret diplomacy is of the greatest importance, but in some situations it has a tendency to pay too little attention to the interests and the fears of the large majority of middle and smaller Powers. The United Nations, like the League of Nations before it, was set up as a result of a world war which was brought about largely by great power rivalries. The Organization was set up precisely to prevent a recurrence of widespread war by establishing a more rational, open and broadly based system of international relationships. In this historical perspective the present trend of international practice is somewhat disquieting. Ten years ago, in what seemed to many people to be the most potentially dangerous international confrontation since World War II, the Cuban missile crisis, the United Nations Security Council was very soon involved by the parties themselves, who recognized that the situation threatened not only the relations of the United States and the Soviet Union, but also the peace of the world at large. Greatly to the credit of all concerned, the Security Council and the Acting Secretary- General played a major role in assisting the two great Powers involved /to put an end to the crisis. Ten years later the situation seems different. Last year a war between two of the larger Members of the United Nations, India and Pakistan, took place in spite of all the efforts of my predecessor, for months in advance, to involve the United Nations in a peace-making role and to assist the parties to avoid a military conflict. In recent weeks the world has watched with anguish and anxiety the raising of the stakes and the escalation of military activity in Viet-Nam. Although this is one of history's longer and bloodier wars, the United Nations Security Council has never become effectively involved

(more) - 3 - Press Release SG/SM/1696 25 May 1972 in an attempt to'find a settlement. Now that the war is more violent and more dangerous than ever, there appears to be even less likelihood of the involvement of the Security Council or of the peace-making possibilities of the Charter. Indeed, it is fashionable in some quarters to express contempt for the world organization set ' >up by the victorious Powers of World War II to "save succeeding generations from the scourge of war'r. What is the reason for this reversion? The United Nations machinery, cumbrous and long-winded as it sometimes is, tends in the end to re-establish communication and to reduce tension and risk in a conflict situation. The process of secret diplomacy, on the other hand, contains elements which easily lead to misunderstanding and which tend to disregard the general interest of all members of the international community in peace. The world at large has paid dearly for such misunderstandings in this century. I do not say that United Nations peace keeping or the procedures of the Security Council are by themselves adequate to solve the international conflicts of our time. I do say, however, that they point in a far more promising direction 'than the methods of the past which have produced wholesale disaster twice in this century. But the United Nations will not fulfil its promise until Governments decide to use it in the way .it was intended to be used. There is also a tendency at present to deride the United Nations as a weak and ineffective political organization which is no match for the guile and superior wealth and wisdom of powerful sovereign States. And yet it was the great Powers brought face to face with reality in six 'years of total war, that took the lead in setting up the United Nations and who pioneered its system of conciliation, negotiation, disarmament and collective security. Must we look into the abyss of world war once again in order to relearn the lessons we learned with such agony in 191^ and again in 1939? Much has been said and written about United Nations peace keeping. There can be no doubt that it has served well in many parts of the world, especially in filling the power vacuums which resulted in some critical areas from the process of decolonization. Peace keeping has always been to a large extent an improvised affair, and it is in every sense a voluntary activity. Host Governments voluntarily accept peace-keeping operations on their territory; troops are voluntarily provided by" other Governments^ and United Nations peace keeping succeeds to the extent that the conflicting parties voluntarily refrain from using force. The peace-keeping technique still plays a very useful role, for example in Cyprus, as a guarantee to all parties and as a helpful and calming presence. The recent stationing of United Nations observers in southern Lebanon is a good example of the use of United Nations military personnel to decrease tension in a critical area.

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\ But the voluntary nature of the peace-keeping technique effectively limits its application to areas where the conflicting parties are prepared voluntarily to exercise great restraint. United Nations peace keeping often has another long-term disadvantage. While it has proved in some situations a most valuable method of stopping actual fighting and reducing tension, it has also had a certain tendency to freeze situations rather than to provide incentives or methods for achieving a basic settlement of fundamental issues. It is highly important therefore that, in future, peace keeping should be complemented by more effective methods of peace making, and I would hope to see the United Nations make rapid progress in this direction in the coming years. 'it is important to remember also that the improvised technique of United Nations peace keeping, effective though it has been in a number of crucial situations in the past, is, historically, at best an emergency stop-gap until the wider aims of the Charter can be realized. Only when disarmament becomes a reality and when all nations decide to give the United Nations Charter a real chance in the field of international co-operation and security shall we see a really significant advance toward a reliable system of world order and world peace. UNITED NATIONS Press Section .Office of Public Information United Nations, N.I. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

. * Press Release SG/SM/1698 26 May 1972

•• TEXT OF ADDRESS BY SECRETARY-GENERAL TO "AMERICAN BUSINESS AND LABOR • • .i*t^j^>"-»rt)a.-i.7*.«.^»»-«*tiii n.^- ••in, uniiOîi^.H^.s^j^^âa^. i -ji ,m^î^,.^^^^-jftraff^~Kf^^;-HrF.^Tr.a^. -•„»,. - .-. T _in -1. . • » - TT -;-_•_ __ - _ r. VISIT THE UNITED NATIONS" DINNER AT HOTEL HILTON, NEW YORK, 25 MAY

I am glad to be here today among so many distinguished businessmen, labour leaders and other great American personalities brought together by the United States Association for the United Nations. I cannot be grateful enough for the support we receive from the Association here in Mew York and in many other cities of the United States. I knew already of its activities when I was a Permanent Representative of my country in New York, but since my appointment as Secretary-General I have had many more occasions to judge its numerous and valuable contributions to our work- I wish to thank you all for having come here tonight, thus showing your interest in what the United Nations is trying to do. There have been rather considerable changes in the world scene during the last two years. Several hopes which had been expressed in the United Nations have been fulfilled. One hope was that the Heads of State of the great powers, including the People's Republic of China, would meet from time to time to end their confrontations and divisions and begin building together a peaceful and better world. Well, the President of your country has visited China and at this very moment he is in Moscow. In all human affairs, to speak to each other is the first simple but essential step to better understanding, co-operation and ultimately friendship. A fundamental change has thus intervened in world affairs. Cold shoulders have been replaced by face-to-face meetings of men who bear great responsibilities towards humanity in the name of their powerful countries. --.The People's Republic of China, the most populous country on earth, in the absence of which the United Nations lacked realism, is now occupying its seat in the world Organization and in the specialized agencies. Another important event has taken place a few days ago: the German treaties were ratified, opening a new phase of East-West relations in Europe. Some may like or dislike these developments, but a Secretary-General of the United Nations can only like them because they mean progress towards peace and accommodation amongst the great Powers. For anyone to wait and hope that one of these Powers would disappear or collapse would be tantamount to hoping for world war. There is no other choice. The equilibrium of atomic terror means also equilibrium of power. The only realistic approach is to hope for the beginning of an understanding and co-operation between the tenants of power.

(more) - 2 - Press Eelease SG/SM/1698 26 May 1972

Two years ago, I had just finished writing a book on Austria's foreign policy in which I had concluded that it could be taken -as axiomatic that the big Powers did not want war and that a period of detente^ had been initiated by President Eisenhower and premier Krushchev. Austria was the first beneficiary of this change: it regained its independence and was free of four-Power occupation. There have been several severe crises and strains in East-West relations since then, but none of them, neither the U-2 incident nor the Cuban missiles crisis, interrupted the process of detente. There have been two further serious crises recently: BaugladeslTand the escalation in Viet~Nam, but again none of them interrupted the trend. ¥e must therefore be aware of a deep current of change io world political relations. To the men fighting and to the people suffering in Viet-Nam, North or South, Vietnamese or foreign, this is of course >no consolation. Death obliterates for them any hope or any vision about a future humanity at peace. The fact that there has been no world war for twenty-seven years in the most populous and more rapidly changing human society the world has ever seen can be no damper on our impatience and concern with bleeding and unsolved conflicts. While welcoming the smiles we must also elimiate the tears. My readiness and efforts regarding Viet-Nam are known to you through the news media. They reflect not only my own personal human concern but also the fact that the community of nations cannot much longer stand by and wait for the possible but uncertain end of that conflict as a result of efforts among the parties concerned. The Paris negotiations have now lasted for four years and the situation today is not better than it was at that time. The bloodshed in Viet-Nam does great harm to the United Nations in the eyes of the public which is asking itself; "Why is the United Nations not seized with the problem? Why is the United Nations not doing something about it?" The United Nations has perhaps not performed miracles, but each conflict brought before it has been solved or has, at least, been stopped. However regrettable protracted unsolved conflicts like Cyprus and the Middle East may be9 an armistice is definitely better than an active conflict. I have placed my concern, and views before the Security Council in a memorandum to its President. It is my duty to do so in the interest of peace. I have also offered my good offices in order to be helpful in finding a solution to this conflict but it is also evident that we can succeed only if we have the co-operation of the parties concerned. The community of nations must aim at removing urgently once and for all the various sources of bleeding and irritation which poison international relations from Cyprus to Korea, passing through the Middle East and South-East Asia. During World War II, at Teheran and Yalta, the leaders of the allied Powers were able to meet, to talk to each other, to review their problems and to come to accommodations and agreements. Why can we not try to do the same today on the whole string of unsettled problems which divide and retard us?

(more) . - 3 - Tress Release SG/SM/169&1 26 May 1972

Does it require a new holocaust to do the simple things which any man in the street in any country of the world would recommend to be done: to meet among all concerned, to negotiate, to accommodate and to give, at long last, to the tired inhabitants of this planet lasting peace? The benefits would be enormous x for all. In this task we need not only the good will of the big Pavers but also that of the medium and smaller Powers involved. They too must bring ^ their contribution to the common objective of peace and understanding. We had no United Nations at the time of Teheran and Yalta. Well, we have it now. \ The United Nations would therefore be the obvious meeting place for such an * effort. I hope that with the ratification of the German treaties we will soon see both Germanys represented at the United Nations, bringing the world Organization close to universality. I urge that this world Organization created for peace and global needs be used,, supported and strengthened. Vie know the objectives: they are inscribed in the Charter. We have the instrument which is now almost universal and in which the big Powers have been given big privileges. In our highly complex and interdependent world, multilateral co-operation is an absolute must. The billions of people deprived of atomic power, of satellites and of scientific superiority have also a right on this planet: the right to live in peace, to strive towards their progress and to build together an orderly and-peaceful world. Lest we create the bonds of solidarity today among all countries there will be other big Powers tomorrow pursuing the same obsolete dreams of today. We hear nowadays several lists of big powers: two, three, four or five. Never does one hear mentioned in such lists the name of the United Nations. This is wrong and short-sighted, for by disregarding and underestimating the world Organization, one belittles the many poor of this world who have also a nationhood, a pride, a value and a culture. One deprives the community of nations of the strength, were it only the moral strength, which resides in their union. It is high time that in our deeply interdependent world, we discover the simple laws and immense benefits of unity. We must give its collective\instrument the first place it deserves. The process of accommodation among the big Powers and the acceptance of the idea that we might be able after all to live together in peace and friendship on the same planet must be accompanied by a greater willingness to learn from each other and to exchange experience. Not everything is bad in one country, one system, one continent, one race or one culture and perfect in another. There is good and bad everywhere. We must strive together to foster what is good and to eradicate what is bad. It was not so difficult to lay down in the Charter our common objectives of peace, security, non-recourse to violence, economic progress, social justice, racial equality and the protection of the individual's human rights. There is still an immense ground to be covered to attain these objectives. We must work more intensely and more speedily towards them, leaving aside claims of superiority of any sort, be they ideological, national or material. (more) - 1* - Press Release £6 May 1972

We must be more impatient and less complacent on the political side. Vast new problems are in the making or are already atnidst us, from which no nation •will be immune or able to escape, whatever its wealth, power or size may be. The names of these new problems are: the population explosion, the endangered environment, the consumption and urban explosions. Is it not significant that the first agreement signed in Moscow between the two Heads of State should deal with the environment? But, here again, the problem is world-wide. Our attention is beginning to be diverted from purely national concerns to preoccupations relating to the planet as a whole. There are immense tasks awaiting humanity. They must be tackled in our common interest. They will provide the employment needed as a result of diminished armaments and the eradication of built-in obsolescence and wasteful consumption. You will ask me: "How adequate for these tasks do you find the instrument of which you are now the chief executive officer?" I would not hesitate to answer this: it is an excellent instrument. It is now almost universal. It provides, together with its specialized agencies, international co-operation on practically every subject on earth,from the atom to outer space, from population to the environment, from hunger and health and development to drugs and crime. It constitutes the most potent world observatory and warning system of global events and changes on this planet. Its knowledge and thinking reach well in the future. Some of the finest men and women from all countries, all beliefs, all races, all cultures and all systems work for it. It is a unique meeting ground for statesmen of practically all countries on earth during the General Assembly. It has prevented untold conflicts and has paid a thousand times its cost which is less than that of the Fire Department of New York City or the budget of many companies.

Of course, like any human institution and perhaps more than any other institution, the United Nations is in need of cor.^t&nt change, correction, improvement, self-criticism3 modernization and streamlining. I will apply myself to these tasks with all my strength.

There are however three major defects with which I have become concerned since my appointment: the reluctance or hesitation of Governments to use fully the Organization they have created; the ignorance and lack of understanding of the public and of the mass media regarding its achievements and its built-in limitations; and the financial obstacles constantly placed in its way and which begin to be frankly intolerable. An organization and its chief executive officer, which are expected to deal with peace, security and practically every ill and global problem on earth, should be given the peace of solvency and a minimum of financial elbow-room. We are wasting too much time in trying to meet each monthTs payroll. This situation, furthermore, does not help the morale of the people who have assembled from so many countries, including so many from-the United States, to work together in the United Nations. To have good workers for peace, development, the environment and so on, nothing is more important than a good morale. (more) - 5 - Press Release SG/SM/J.698 26 May 1972

May I therefore appeal to you to help me correct these shortcomings? There is need for more use of the Organization, there is need for more honest down-to-earth learning about it, and there is need for putting an end to its financial impediments.

I have been greatly encouraged in all my talks with Heads of Government in recent months. All of them place renewed confidence in the United Nations and have promised me their full support. Everywhere there is hope, great hope and a large part of it is placed in the United Nations.

Ladies and gentlemen, may I repeat what I said recently in the General Assembly and assure you that I will fight for peace to the utmost of my strength. But I need your help. We, if we all work together, if we all help each other, then we shall achieve what we all want to achieve, peace — peace for us, peace for our children, peace for our generation and peace for generations to come.

*«•# S8 June

Bear Hrv Benjamin, In the absence of the Secreteary-Geaeral, I wish to thank you for sending him the photographs taken at the Binner Inaugurating the 1972 National UN Bay Frogram. I shall fee hapsy to tortng these to the Secretary-General's atteation upon his retura. Yours slneerely,,

Anton Erohaska Personal Assistant to the Secaretary-General

Mr. Robert S. Benjamin CulteS Sfations Association of the United States of jftmeriea 855 United Hatione flaaa Hew York, Hew York 10017 AtlanticRichfieldCompany Post Off lea Box 1QC-Q JUN7 i972 Rosw^H, Hew Mexico BS201 Telephone 5Q5-S22-314G Robsrj O. Anderson Chairman of the Board

D - Action Completed i_J - -'\c;;iio .--lodged :_J-l-io Action Required June 6, 1972 — ^

fM JLCI

Dear Mr. Secretary-General:

It was my honor to share the platform with you at the recent Annual Dinner Inaugurating the UN Day observance in the United States.

The 1800 American business and labor leaders who attended this event are living witness to the continuing commitment of this nation's leadership to the strengthening of the UN.

The occasion took on added significance coming as it did amidst the drama of two important events: The President's historic journey to Moscow; and the launching of the Stockholm Conference 'on the Human Environment.

Indeed, you might be pleased to know that in many American communities this year — in keeping with the President's UN Day Proclamation — UN Day observances will be emphasizing the significant role the UN must play if mankind .is to protect the environment.

Sincerely,

Robert 0. Anderson U.S. National UN Day Chairman

The Secretary-General United Nations Room 3800 A New York, N.Y. 10017

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19?2

la the absence of the IS&retsivy^aeral* I &ia3 letter to Msi dsted &

C. T. Qe Cabinet

^p« Idbest 0* Oiaimas &f th© Atlantis Siclifi Ojffiee Sax Mexico S0291

t. Mr. G^ Mrs. E, Hlra AtlanticRichfieldCompany . • JUi\7 iQ72 CTION

i - ' " • '• ^t"'n.J/ed June 6, 1972 ~'---': . .-—^.

Dear Mr. Secretary-General:

It was my honor to share the platform with you at the recent Annual Dinner Inaugurating the UN Day observance in the United States.

The 1800 American business and labor leaders who attended this event are living witness to the continuing commitment of this nation's leadership to the strengthening of the UN.

Indeed, you might be pleased to know that in many American communities this year — in keeping with the President's UN Day Proclamation — UN Day observances will be emphasizing the signif icant role the UN must play if mankind is to protect the environment.

Robert 0. Anderson U.S. National UN Day Chairman

The Secretary-General United Nations Room 3800 A New York, N.Y. 10017

" -• V.. .xj V U / -7 JUN7 1972 .Avco Co RFC ORATION* ACTION 1275 KING STREET GREENWICH,CONNECTICUT O683O

R. WILSON, JR. r-IIAIRMAN OF THE BOARD 1 n - NTo Action Required

June 6, 1972

Dear Mr. Secretary-General:

On behalf of the U.S. National UN Day Committee, it is my pleasure to thank you for your appearance at our Dinner launching the American observance of UN Day, 1972.

With your timely message to guide us, and President Nixon's UN Day Proclamation to inspire us, I'm sure this year's UN Day observance in the United States will be a proper tribute to the ideals and goals that we all share.

Sincerely,

Kendrick R. Wilson, Jr. Dinner Chairman

The Secretary-General United Nations New York, N.Y. 10017

C L V- UNITED NATIONS |||p NATIONS UNIES

NEW YORK

EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL

CABINET OU SECRETAIRE GENERAL

7 July 1972

Dear Mr. Schneid'erman,

You will find herewith a drastically reduced text of Mr. Waldheim's statement.

11 Yours sincerely,

Robert Muller Director

Mr. Schneider-man Assistant to the Editor OPED, 10th floor The New York Times 229 West 43rd St. New York, H.Y. 100J6 TOWARDS A NEW ALLIANCE

There have "been considerable changes in the world scene lately.* Several hopesi •which had been expressed in the United Nations have been fulfilled. One hope was that the Heads of State of the. great Powers, including the People's Republic of China, would meet from time to time to end their confrontations and divisions and begin building together a peaceful and better world. Well, the President of the United States has met for the first time with the leaders of China and the USSR. Secondly, the People's Republic of China, the most populous country on earth, in the absence of which the United Nations lacked realism, is now occupying its seat in the world Organization. Thirdly, the German treaties have been recently ratified, opening a new phase of East- West relations in Europe, and the prospect of the admission of both Germanys to the United Nations. The equilibrium of atomic terror means also equilibrium of power. For anyone to wait and hope that one of the big Powers would disappear or collapse would be tantamount to hoping for world war. The only " realistic approach, therefore, is to hope for the beginning of an understanding and co-operation between the tenants of power. H It can be taken as axiomatic that the big Powers do not want war and that the period of detente,initiated by President Eisenhower and Premier Krushchev, has continuaff/ed unabated despite several severe crises and strains such as the U-2 incident, the Cuban missiles crisis ' and more recently Bangla-Desh and the escalation in Viet-Nam. But none of them interrupted the trend. ¥e must therefore be aware of a deep current of change in world political relations. The community of nations must now aim at removing urgently once and for all the various sources of bleeding and irritation which poison international relations from Cyprus to Korea, passing through the Middle East and South-East Asia. During World War II, at Teheran and Yalta, the leaders of the allied powers were able to meet, to talk to each other, to review their problems and to come to agreements. Why can we not try to' do the same today on the whole string of unsettled problems which divide and retard us? Does it require a new holocaust to do the simple -A

* Excerpts from a speech by Secretary-General Waldheim to AMERICAN BUSINESS AND LABOR LEADERS at the Hilton Hotel in New York, on 26 May 1972. - 2 - things -which any man in the street in any country would recommend us to do: to meet, to negotiate and to give, at long last, to the tired inhabitants of this planet lasting peace? The benefits would a i be enormous for all. In this task we need not only the good will of the big Powers but also that of the medium and smaller Powers involved. ¥e had no United Nations at the time of Teheran and Yalta. Well, we have it now. The United Nations is-therefore the obvious meeting place for such an effort. I urge that the United Nations which was created as an alliance for peace and global needs be used, supported and strengthened. "We have an instrument which is now almost universal and in which the big Powers have been given big privileges. In our highly complex and interdependent t . * world, multilateral co'-operation is an absolute must. Lest we create .1 • . •; ..(:t.''. . !' . • .::::. i i . i , . i. . •. the bonds of solidarity today among all countries there will be other big Powers tomorrow pursuing the same obsolete dreams of today. We hear nowadays several lists of big Powers: two, three, four or five. Never does one hear mentioned in such lists the ^tanreroT^etl^ United Nations. This is wrong and short-sighted, for by disregarding and underestimating the world Organization, one deprives the community of nations of the strength which resides in their union. ¥e must give the United Nations the first place it deserves.

The idea that we might be able after all to live together in peace and friendship on the same planet must be accompanied by a greater willingness to learn from each other and to exchange experience. Not everything is bad in one country, one system, one continent, one race or one culture and perfect in another. There is good and bad everywhere. ¥e must strive together to foster what is good and to eradicate what is bad.

Vast new problems such as the population explosion and the deterioration of anr environment are admidst us. No nation will be immune or able to escape, whatever its wealth, power or size may be. Oplciidid'• isolation isr gone forever. Is it not significant that the first agreement signed in Moscow between the two Heads of State should deal with the environment? Our attention is moving increasingly to preoccupations relating t'o the planet as a whole. There are immense tasks awaiting humanity. They must be tackled jointly for our common survival. - 5 -

How adequate for these tasks is the United Nations? It is an excellent instrument. It is now almost universal. "It provides, together with its specialized agencies, international co-operation on practically every subject on earth, from the atom to outer space, from the seas to population and the environment, from hunger and health and development to drugs and crime. It constitutes the most potent world observatory and warning system of global events and changes on this planet. Its knowledge and thinking reach well in the future. Some of the finest men and women from all, countries, JS^. beliefs, a^t^races, jiSJj. cultures and ^C systems work for it. It is a unique meeting ground for statesmen of practically alii., countries on earth during the General Assembly. It has prevented untold conflicts/ and has paid a thousand times its cost which is less than that of the Fire Department of New York City or the budget of many companies. Of course, like any human institution and perhaps more than any other institution, the United Nations is in need of constant change and improvement. I will apply myself to this task with all my strength^ UNITED NATIONS Press Section Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

TRANSCRIPT OF PRESS CONFERENCE BY SECRETARY-GENERAL KURT WAEDHEIM IN OTTAWA, CANADA ON 2^ MAY 1972 — 1 —

MODERATOR: Ladies and gentlemen, on "behalf of the Canadian Parliamentary Press Gallery I should like to welcome the Secretary-General of the United Nations, His Excellency Mr. Kurt Waldheim. Thank you for taking the time to "be with us, Sir. Have you a formal opening statement or shall we get right down to the questioning?

The SECRETARY-GENERAL: No, I have no opening statement. Since we have just half an hour9 I would prefer that xre go immediately to the questions.

QUESTION; I should like to ask you to elaborate on your proposals for involving the United Nations more closely in the search for a settlement of the Viet-Nam situation, with particular reference to the fact that at least two members of the Security Council — namely, the Soviet Union and China — have expressed themselves in opposition to this kind of initiative. How do you assess the possibilities of any kind of progress in view of the fact that those two Powers are opposed to United Nations involvement?

The SECRETARY-GENERAL; With regard to that question, you know of course that I have tried to be helpful. I already offered my good offices in Paris. Later I had consultations with the members of the Security Council, especially the permanent members, in order to find out whether they were ready to agree to a debate in the Council. It is quite clear that one cannot force the Member States — and in the first place the members of the Security Councilj they have to agree to it. That is our main problem in the United Nations: the Member States have to co-operate; we have no executive power. But I wanted to make it very clear that we are ready to help, that the United Rations, and the Secretary-General are ready to help. That is our duty, It is in the Charter. Article 99 says clearly that the Secretary-General may bring to the attention of the Security Council any matters which endanger peace and security on earth. So it is .logical that the Secretary-General should contact the members of the Council. That I did. I had consultations with the members and I also handed over a to the President of the Council explaining my views on the situation,

(more) - 2 -

informing him of what I had done and asking him to consult with the members of the Council in order to find out what possibilities the Council had to terminate this horrible war in Viet-Nam. I think that we had to do this, whether certain members of the Council like it or not; it is our duty. May I perhaps return the question to you, ladies and gentlemen, and ask you: What would you do in such a situation? It is the duty of the United nations, which was created for the maintenance of peace and security, to do something in this respect. It is not our fault that one or the other Member State was not ready to agree to a Security Council debate. But I think this is not the end yet. I do not mean that we shall soon have a .Security Council debate. The position of certain countries, permanent members of the Council, is well known. But I think that there are possibilities for us to be helpful, and we shall explore all those feasibilities.

(more) - 3 -

QIJBSTIOH : Monsieur le Secretaire general, nous constatous que vous

avez une conception Men specials du role de Secretaire general des Nations Unies3 Vous avez assiste au debut de 1'annee, pour la premiere fois d'ailleurs, a la reunion du Conseil de securite qui s'est tenue a- Addis-Ababa et, a cette occasion, on VOUB a demande de prendre contact avec le Gouvernement d'Afrique du Sud et les chefs africains de la Namibiee Est-ce que vous etes optimiste quant a la solution de cette epineuse question de la Namibie? Le gECRETAIBE GENERAL : Mere! pour cette question. Je suis tres heureux de vous donner une r^ponse a ce sujet* Je crois que le Conseil de se'curite, a Addis-Absba, a adopte une nouvelle approche de la question de Hamibieo Le fait que le Conseil a decid^ de demander au Secretaire general de prendre un contact direct avec .les parties concernees - en premier lieu, naturellement, avec le Gouvernement d'Afrique du Sud - constitue une approche tout a fait nouvelle* CTest pourquoi je crois q.ue nous avons deja. progresse grace a cette decision du Conseil de securite1, et leg contacts que J'ai eus avec les autorit^s de I'Afrique du Sud et avec les leaders du mouvsmsnt de liberation en Wamibie m'ont donne I1impression quTil existe une base permettant draboutir» Naturellement, je n'ai pas d'illusion,, Mesdaraes et Mecsieurs» Je saia tres bien que cela prendra du temps : on ne peut pas re"soudre ce probleme dTun jour a 1'autre, mais les negociations, les discussions que 3'ai tenueg au Gap st &. Kew York la semaine derniere avec M. Kuller ta'ont taontre qu'il y a une possibilite de progresaer. Hous avons discute un certain nombre de questionsa Malneureusement, je ne peux pas vous donner des informations plus concretes parce que je do'.s d'abord informer le Conseil de se'curit^o Mais JB ferai un rapport public - el est-a-dire un rapport au Conseil de se'curite', qui sera publid au mois de juxllet et, & cette occasion, vous verrez les re'sultats de ces efforts« En tout cas, permettea-moi d'ajouter que nous avons fait assez de progres pour continue!- ces contactso

(more) QUESTION: I should like to ask you a question about Cyprus, if I may. It has been eight years now — or a little more — since the Force moved in there. Is there any move at all to reduce the Force in Cyprus? Is there any end in sight to the need for the Force in Cyprus?

The SECRETARY-GENERAL: I know, of course, that many countries — especially those that are contributing on a voluntary basis to the peace-keeping operations in Cyprus — are worried about the situation on the island. Among those countries iss needless to say, Canada, which plays a very important role in our peace-keeping efforts. I want to acknowledge here with gratitude what Canada has done to help in the peace-keeping operations of the United Nations. I can understand that these countries and pthers — even those that are not directly participating in the operations — are worried about the situation, about the stagnation in the political field. We were very near a few months ago to the resumption of the intercommunal talks designed to find a political solution to the problem. I had sent Under-Secretary Guyer, who heads the Peace-Keeping Department of the United Nations, to Cyprus, to Greece and to Turkey, and agreement had been reached at that time — the beginning of this year — to resume the political talks between the parties concerned, with the help of the United Nations. But then the problem of the Czech arms deliveries to the Cyprus Government came up and because of that crisis and the Greek request to Makarios to reshuffle the Government and to hand over the arms to the United Nations, we could not proceed as we had hoped to do. Now I am happy to tell you that we have reached the point where it will probably be possible to resume the intercommunal talks. We have reached agreement through quiet diplomacy. With regard to the arms question, we now have full control of the arms5 they are at the headquarters of the United Nations; and all the parties concerned have approved this control machinery. They are therefore ready to resume the talks. I am very encouraged by the latest information I have received from Osorio-Tafall, our Representative in Cyprus. It is in that connexion that I have decided to go personally to Cyprus in order to discuss the matter further there. At the same time, I am going to Athens and Ankara to discuss the resumption of the political talks with the parties concerned. I hope very much that it will be possible to resume the talks and to find a positive solution to Jbhe problem. (more) QUESTION: Does that mean that the Force will be reduced?

The SECRETARY-GEHERAL/ That will depend, of course, on the further development in the political field. If it is possible to resume the intercommunal talks, if it is possible to make progress, then of course that will contribute immediately to a detente on the island, and in that case I see no reason why we could not reduce the Force. That is also the reason why I attach so much importance to these political talks and why I am personally going to the area. I cannot give you the exact date, but it will be between 6 and 10 June, right after I leave the Stockholm Conference.

(more) - 6 -

QUESTION : Je su;.s tres heureux de vous voir ici, au Canada. Est-ce que vous pourr.Lez nous donner des precisions sur le but de votre v .site ici et sur la nature dee entrstiens que vous avez eus aujourd'hui avec les repr^sentants canadiens? Le SBOKETftIEE GMERAL : Eh Men, je suis treg reconnaissant au Gouvemement canadien de 1'invitation officielle que j'ai recjue de visiter le pays, CTest«a-dire Ottawa, la capitals, ainsi que Montreal. J'irai a Montreal dans une heure* Le but de ma visite est de prendre un contact direct avec les autorite's canadienneso J'ai eu un entretien evec le Premier M.nistrej celui-ci m'a invite a dejeuner et nous avons eu un ©change de vues sur la situation internationals et les problemes des Nations Unies avant^, pendant et apres ce d^^euner, avant de me rendre au Parlement« Le matin^ JTavais deja eu une reunion de travail avec M» Sharp et ses collaborateurs dans son bureau* Nous avons examine* la situation internationale ainsi que, naturellement, les problemes des

Nations Unies? la crise financiere* Dans notre tour d'horizon, nous avons certes aborde* les problemes les plus importants de notre temps : le Moyen-Orient, les operations de rehabilitation et d*aide au Bangladesh, Chypre et, naturellement, le Viet-Nam» Ce fut pour moi un 6change de vues trea fructueux et je suis tres heureux d'avoir eu cette poosibilltd* QUESTIOIT : Monsieur le Secretaire general, vous avez fait allusion a des entretiens sur la situation financiers des nations Unies, Est-ce que vous pourriez nous exposer vos vues sur le retablissement rles fiances de 1:Organisation sur une base plus satisfaisante? Le SjÊEjIAJBB jGEMEML : Volontiers. Ce probleme financier comporte deux aspects : un aspect est le "short ranê, problem"j crest-&,-dire le fait cjue nous n'avons pas assez d'argent a notre dispositioii immediate, parce qu'un certain-nombre de pays membres ne paient pas leurs contributions a, temps* Les Americains, par example, ne peuvent pas payer avant la ler juillet parce que leur annê budg^taire commence le ler juillet aeulemento DTautres pays se trouvent dans la meine situation.

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J'ai slors fait appel & tous les gouvernements des pays membres pour quTils avancent leur pa iement et je suis tres heureux de vous infonaer que cet appel a eta" requ positivement par les gouvernementso Je crois done

(more) QUESTION; I wonder if there has been enough time yet for you to assess the role of China and to determine whether or not it has made the United nations a more realistic Organization than it was. Is it because of the presence of China in the United Nations that you feel that you can bring subjects such as the Viet-Nam war before the Security Council? lly second question is: What happened to that resolution condemning the People's Republic of China for aggression? Was that automatically wiped off the books when the People's Republic took its seat? What is the legal status of that resolution?

The SECREIARY-GiaiERAL: I think it was very important for the United ' Nations to have the People's Republic of China — 800 million people — in the United Nations as a Member. I think that it was high time to solve this problem and I think that it will help us to find solutions to many problems with which we are confronted. I think therefore that we have every reason to look forward to a positive contribution from China to the work of the United Nations. My impression since last year has been that the People's Republic of China is itself very interested in co-operating with the United Nations. Of course, there are problems and difficulties. China has not yet participated in all the activities of the United Nations. For instance, it did not come to all the Committees of this Assembly. I-Jy impression is that they are trying to study all the problems before they actively participate. I think this is a sound, reasonable approach. In the Security Council in Addis Ababa, for instance, the Chinese delegation was very co-operative with regard to opening the way to my mission to Namibia and South Africa. So I think that there is a geniune chance for good co-operation with Peking in the United Nations.

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Hie resolution you mentioned still exists. No action has been taken with regard to it. It is in the files.

QUESTION; Why?

TO^SEC.iETABY--G13:CERAL; Because nobody has raised the question. It is as simple as that.

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J'ai une question a poser sur la Rhodesie et lTefficacitd j des sanctionsc Le regime Smith, en depit de l illegalite de la reconnaissance de son gouvernement, continue d'exister* Apparemment, tree peu de progres sont faits dans le reglement de la question rhode"sienne « ^e SBCRSCA. I]SB GEKBHAL ; Comme \rous savez, nous avons requ hier settlement le rapport de la Commission Pearce. L'Ambassadeur de la Grande- Bretagne m'a remis une copie de ce rapport ainsi qu'une copie de la declaration du Ministre des affaires e'trangeres, sir Alec Douglas-Home * En ce qui conceme les Banctions, 3s Gouvei*nement britannique - d^pres les infonaations que jfai reques - est pret a les maintenir. Aux r Hations Unles, la situation n a done pas change « Evidemment, je regrette profondement qu*il nTait pas ete possible de trouver une solution a ce probleme« Mais les re*sultats de la Commission Pearce sont tres clairs : les propositions n'ont pas ete acceptees par la majorite du peuple de ce pays8 Dans ces conditions^ il faut, je crois, q.ue les Mations Unies poursuivent leurs efforts pour trouver une solution satisfaisante* Le Conseil de securit^ est saisi du probleme et je crois

q,u'il s*en occupera de nouveau apres la publication du rapporta ; Dans votre experience de diplomate et de Secretaire general, est-ce que vous croyea que les sanctions sont efficaces pour briser des regimes politiques? / Le SECBETAIKB GJTOBAIt : Le passe a de"montre clairement qu'elles ne sont pas assez efficaceso Mais ^e suis convaincu quMl faut trouver une solution politique et ^'espere bien auUl sera possible d'ea. trouver finalement une. Les Nations Unies ne manqueront pas de faire un effort dans ce sens.

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QUESTION; I wonder if you could give us an assessment of President Nixon's trip to the Soviet Union this week and some idea of what you think we might reasonably expect in terms of results from that trip.

The SECRETARY-GENERAL; I think that the fact that the visit has taken place proves that the Governments of the countries concerned are interested in detente. It is quite clear to me that visits of this kind contribute to a detente. So I think it is very important to note this. In the Meantime, as you have heard., a number of agreements have "been signed in Hoscow while the President has been there, and I hope that these agreements will contribute to a further detente. I think that all in all we have reason to be optimistic about the future. I refer to the German treaties for instance, which are contributing to the policy of detente in Europe and of course affect other areas, not only Europe. We have the visit of the President of the United States to Peking and now the visit to Moscow. So I think that all in all the big Powers — not to mention the small and middle-sized countries, which are of course very much interested in detente because for them it is a question of life and death — are interested in such a policy and in co-operating. For that reason I think we have a chance to continue this policy and I am hoping that the big Powers will continue to use this road of international co-operation. That does not mean that we do not need the United Nations any more- On the contrary, I think the United Nations can best develop in an atmosphere of detente. There is a much better chance for us in the United Nations to do a good, positive job if there is detente. Therefore I welcome everything which contributes to that end.

QUESTION: We have heard a number of questions today and a number of answers. The questions covered a fairly large spectrum. The answers were, to put it kindly, diplomatic. You have told us what the United nations wants and most of your answers have been based upon circumstances that may happen and compromises and hopes for the future. But can you tell us of one concrete contribution that the United Nations has made -- something that is new and not based on compromise or hope or anything like that? VJhat is the United Nations dcirr$ at the moment and what have you done and what do you hope to do within the next two or three months?

(mor e) - 12 -

The SECRETARY-GENERAL: I think that the public today is somevhat disappointed because of failures of the United Nations in the political field. I do not share these views "because I am convinced that the United Nations cannot be better than the world as such. We are just a mirror of the international situation. We cannot be better than the world around us. But I think people always complain if the United Nations fails in regard to one of another question and they just ignore the many achievements of the United Nations in so many fields — in the economic and social field, in the field of human rights, but even also in the political field: take the Congo problem, the Middle East, Cyprus, Korea, where an armistice was finally agreed upon in the United Nations. I think there are many cases of this kind, and most of all in the social field. The specialized agencies are just ignored by the public very often — what UNICEF has done3 what UNESCO has done, what UNDP has done for the economic development of new nations. You do not talk about the achievements in the field of decolonization. For many years right after the war, we had this confrontation in the United Nations between East and West, but now we have in the first place the problem of solving the relationship between North and South, the problem of relations with the developing countries. Fifteen years ago many of the countries in Africa, for instance, were not independent, were not free. Today -~ although of course there are still a few countries there that are not independent — the great majority, 90 per cent, of the countries in Africa are free, independent nations. This was achieved mostly through the activities of the United Nations, but nobody talks about it. If we fail in Bangladesh, for instance — and there we are doing an enormous humanitarian task, which IB also ignored by the public very often — or if we fail in other such areas, people say that the United Nations is no good. This is not just. We have done a good job in many, many fields. Again I can only say that if the Member States are ready to co-operate with us, then we can and will play a very important positive role. Let me make just one last observation. I am deeply convinced that the vorld today would be different, would be much worse if we had not had the United Nations.

MODERATOR: On that note, Mr. Secretary-General, may I thank you very much on br:ha?.f of all of us for coming and letting us hear the best Ambassador of the United Nations. f

NATIONS UWIES Section de la presse Service de 1'information United Nations, N.Y. (A L'INTENTION DE3 ORGANES D'INFORMATION ~ DOCUMENT NON OFFICIEL)

Communique de presse SG/SM/1697 2k mai 1972

ALLOGUTION PROHOHCEE PAR LE SECRETAIRE GENERAL AU BANQUET DONNE PAR L'ASSOCIATION CANADIENNE POUR LES NATIONS UNIES LE 24 MAI 1972

Je suis heureux de pouvoir prendre la parole ce soir devant 1'Association canadienne pour les Nations Unies. Aujourd'hui meme, j'ai eu 1'occasion de rencontrer nombre d'entre vous personnellement et je sais qu'il est peu de groupes au monde qui soient plus attaches a 1'Organisation des Nations Unies et s'interessent davantage au travail que nous accomplissons. Durant les quatre annees pendant lesquelles j'ai exerce les fonctions d'ambassadeur d'Autriche au Canada, il m'avait • deja ete donne de me rendre compte du vif interet que le peuple canadien porte a 1'oeuvre des Nations Unies et de 1'appui que le Canada accorde a 1'Organisation elle-meme pour toute une vaste gamme d'activites, Ce sentiment a ete renforce et confirms de nouveau lorsque j'ai assume ma charge actuelle de Secretaire general de 1'Organisation des Nations Unies. Vous comprendrez done a quel point je suis sensible a votre invitation a echanger ce soir quelques idees avec vous sur divers aspects du role de I'ONU et combien je suis heureux de reconnaltre parmi vous tant de visages familiers et tant de vieux amis.

Un phenomene general qui a un effet considerable sur I1opinion que le public se fait de I'ONU est le manque actuel d'estime de la jeune generation pour les institutions etablies. Dans le monde entler, on reproche a celles-ci de ne pas e"tre capables de suivre le rythme d'une evolution et d'une philosophie qui reclament le grand jour et des conceptions nouvelles. On pourfait qualifier I'ONU dlinstitution etablie par excellence^ et il n'est pas surprenant que les jeunes, dans leur recherche de nouvelles formes de vie sociale et politique, se demandent parfois si I'ONU est vraiment apte a resoudre efficacement les problemes de ce dernier quart du XXeme siecle.

(a suivre) - 2 - Communiqu£ de presse SG/SM/169T 2k mai 1972

La tendance a voir dans 1'ONU une institution un peu a I'e'cart du grand courant de 1'evolution actuelle est aussi encouragee par le fait qu' a 1'heure actuelle, 1'Organisation joue un role tres limite dans les relations entre superpuissances et, par consequent, dans les evenements politiques de notre epoque qui font la manchette des journaux. Pour ma part, je suis convaincu que ce manque relatif d'interet des superpuissances pour I'OMJ est un phenomena passager. Apres tout, 1'Organisation des Nations Unies a ete conque comme un cadre pour leur cooperation et elle les a effectivement aidees dans un certain nombre de situations tres critiques au cours des anne.es, et je suis sur qu'elle fera de meme a nouveau en temps de crise. En outre, une sorte nouvelle de problemes non politiques de portee mondiale exige que 1'ONU soit utilisee plus effectivement que jamais par ses Etats Membres. Je mentionnerai brievement un ou deux de ces problemes. En convoquant la premiere Conference Internationale sur 1'environnement, 1'ONU s'est attaquee a la tache d'importance capitale qui consiste a preserver et a ameliorer la qualite de I1 existence sur notre planete. L1 organisation de cette importante conference, qui va veritablement explorer 1'avenir de la civilisation, est confiee a un Canadien. Je suis persuade que la Conference sera a meme de prendre les premieres mesures pour instituer le cadre voulu qui garantira 1'efficacite de 1'action que la communaute" Internationale menera a 1'avenir dans le domaine de I1environnement. En decidant de creer la charge de Coordonnateur des Nations Unies pour les secours en cas de catastrophe, 1'ONU a fait un immense pas en avant pour prevenir ou attenuer les catastrophes, car la planification et la recherche prealables aux catastrophes, visant a prevoir ces phenomenes, constituent une tache essentielle du Coordonnateur. L'OMJ a institue" de la sorte un mecanisme qui, en preparant des plans d'urgence a executer immediatement une fois la catastrophe survenue, a pour objet de reduire les souffrances humaines. Je puis ajouter que nous n'avons pas attendu la creation de ce posts de Coordonnateur pour entamer 1'operation de secours la plus vaste et la plus delicate que 1TOMJ ait jamais entreprise : je veux parler de 1Toperation d'assistance d'urgence au Bangladesh, dont la population a e"te victime d'indicibles catastrophes, tant naturelles que non naturelles. Le Canada, comme d1 habitude, a apporte une importante contribution a. cette operation entierement volontaire. En reponse a une tendance generale qui s'est manifestee ces dernieres annees dans differentes regions du monde quant a la recherche d1une direction et d'un role pour la jeunesse, I1 Organisation a institue un programme de Volontaires des Nations Unies. Ce programme a ete conqu pour donner a la jeunesse une occasion constructive de faire participer son energie et ses talents aux efforts de developpement d'ensemble de la coromunaute Internationale.

(a suivre) - 3 - Communique de presse SG/SM/1697 24 mai 1972

Pour ce qui est des ressources maritimes encore inutilisees et des ressources minerales du fond des mers et des oceansa 1'Organisation des Nations Unies prepare actuellement une nouvelle conference sur le droit de la mer. Cette conference devrait aboutir notamment a la creation d'un regime international pour le fond des mers au-dela des limites de la juridiction nationale, de fagon a garantir une exploitation rationnelle et equitable de ces deux tiers de la surface du globe.

Meadames et Messieurs9 sans parler de 1'immense effort que fait 1'Organisation des Nations Unies sur le plan economique, ni de ce qui se fait actuellement dans le domaine humanitaire - la lecture des quotidiens vous apprend les progres realises par les Nations Unies a cet egard -, les quatre nouveaux programmes ou activites de 1'Organisation que je viens de nentionnsr repcndent aux problemes dont notre epoque nous assaille. Ces programmes devraient suffire a refuter 1'i.dSe selon laquelle 1'Organisation des Nations Unies, depassee par les evenements, est incapable de faire face aux evenements du temps present. Bien au contraire, notre Organisation, avec 1'aide des gouvernements qui en sont Membres, montre qu'elle peut reagir a ces eVenements3 et, j'en suis certain, le montrera de fagon encore plus convaincante a 1'avenir. / Avant de finir, permettez-moi de faire quelques remarqv.es sur la place du Canada dans 1'Organisation. Comme vous le savez, I1OKU a et! creee pour favoriser la cooperation entre tous les Etats en vue d'atteindre* certains objectifs d'interet mondial. L'histoire de 1'Organisation semble cependant indiquer qu'elle constitue tout particulierement un terrain d'election pour une cooperation entre les petits Etats et les Etats moyens, qui leur penaet de mieux reussir a atteindre leurs objectifs et d'accroitre leur participation constructive a. la vie de la communaute mondiale. C'est le cas pour les questions relatives a la securite internationale et pour les problSmes politiques, comnie pour les questions d'un caractere moins politique telles que le developpement economique. En fait, le fonctionnement de 1'Organisation et la realisation des objectifs de la Charte dependent tres largement du soutien actif et des audacieuses initiatives des petits Etats et des Etats moyens.

Votre pays, le Canada3 offre un exemple remarquable de ce que les Etats peuvent faire a cet egard. Le Canada a participe a1 presque toutes les operations de maintien de la paix que 1'Organisation des Nations Unies a ete appelee a entreprendre, en fournissant des contingents militaires ou un appui logistique. Le Canada a honore chacune de ses obligations financieres pour les operations de maintien de la paix, qu'il s'agisse de contributions qui lui ont ete assignees ou de contributions volontaires. En outre, le Canada a ete 1'un des premiers pays a faire une contribution volontaire a la suite de la crise qui s'est produite il y a sept ans au sujet de 1'Article 19 de la Charte. Enfin, le Canada joue un role incontestable dans le domaine economique et9 par I'intermediaire de son representant permanent a New York, participe activement aux efforts qui se poursuivent en vue d'exe'cuter les obligations de la Charte, et notamment, aux discussions qui se deroulent a 1'heure actuelle sur les possibilites futures du maintien de la paix.

(a suivre) -\

Communique de presse SG/SM/1697 2k mai 19T2

Avant de vous rejoindrs, ccrame vous le savez, j'ai passe quelques moments avec votre Premier Ministre et avec votre Ministre des affaires etrangeres. Cette fois encore, j'ai ete encourage par les assurances qu'ils m'ont donnees de leur soutien continu a 1'Organisation des Nations Unies, et a moi-meme personnelletnent, pour les activites que nous assunions. Ces assurances, Mesdames et Messieurs, comme la reception chaleureuse que vous avez bien voulu m'accorder, sont pour moi une source precieuse de reconfort.

* UNITED NATIONS Press Section Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT' AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/1695 TR/2021 25 May 1972

. OF. STATEMENT BY SECRETARY-GENERAL KURT WALDHEIM AT OPENING MEETING OF TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL, 23 MAY 1972

Mr.' President, During my years of association with the United Nations, I have followed the work of the Trusteeship Council with great interest, and I take now particular pleasure in addressing the Council at the beginning of its thirty- ninth session, • •

The Trusteeship Council, as one of the principal organs of the United Nations under the terms of the Charters has been entrusted with important functions and responsibilities aimed at the promotion of the political, economic, and social advancement of the inhabitants of the Trust Territories, and at their progressive development towards self-government or independence.

Since its first session in 19^7 > the Trusteeship Council has made great efforts to discharge its responsibilities'. Of the eleven Territories which were originally placed under trusteeship, nine have already exercised their right to self-determination and have joined the community of nations. This is a significant measure of the success of the International Trusteeship System. These achievements were made possible by the devotion of this -Council to its task, the co-operation of the Administering Authorities, and the determined efforts of the peoples concerned.

Today as the Council begins its thirty-ninth session, the documentation before it indicates that.encouraging developments are taking place in the two remaining Trust Territories.

The report of a special United Nations Visiting Mission which, earlier this year, visited Papua New Guinea to observe the elections to the House of Assembly confirms the uninterrupted march of this Territory towards the objectives of the Charter. Following these elections, a coalition Ministry has been formed and we are pleased to note the growing sense and form of unity for this new country and its now rapid movement towards self-government and independence.

(more) - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/1695 TR/2021 23 May 1972

May 1 recall at this point with great satisfaction that the 1972 Visiting Mission of the Trusteeship Council included members of the Special Committee of 2k. In accordance with General Assembly resolution 2590 (XXIV) of 16 December 1969, the Council,, in consultation with the Administering Authority, appointed, for the second time, two members of the Special Committee to serve on a mission to a Trust Territory. This is an example of fruitful co-operation between these two bodies of the United Nations and the Administering Authority concerned.

The Trusteeship Council will also examine developments in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. During its previous session, the Council devoted particular attention to the negotiations between the Administering Authority and the Congress of Micronesia on the future status of the Territory. Since then, as members are aware, these negotiations have been purused and in April of this year a joint communique was issued at the end of talks held in Palau between the two parties. I am pleased to note that, according to this communique, both parties found the talks a highly useful exploration of their views as to the future political relationship between the United States and Micronesia when the present United Nations Trusteeship is ended. While these developments point to progress, there are still many things which need to be done to fulfil the aims of the Charter. In both Trust Territories we find rising expectations which call for further efforts on the part of all concerned. But above all, we find a manifest will for freedom which brooks of no further delay. I am confident that the Trusteeship Council, with the co-operation of the Administering Authorities and in collaboration with the other United Nations organs concerned, will soon make it possible for the peoples of Micronesia and Papua New Guinea to exercise their right to self-determination and to determine their future in accordance with their legitimate aspirations. As a final word let me assure you of my full co-operation; the Secretariat will spare no effort to facilitate your noble task, which I hope \\dll be crowned with success.

# -V•r-t AV fYit V~V UNIT-ED NATIONS Press Section Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Trusteeship Council • Press Release TR/2020 Thirty-ninth session ' 2J May 1972 Ij88th Meeting-(AM)

TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL OPENS SESSION;- ELECTS W, TAPLEY.BENNETT (UNITED STATES) AS. PRESIDENT, ADOPTS AGENDA, HEARS SECRETARY-GENERAL

The Trusteeship Council* opened its thirty-ninth session this morning, hearing a statement by Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim. By secret ballot, it elected W. Tapley Bennett, Jr. (United States) as President, and Paul Blanc (France) as Vice-President.

It also adopted its 15-point agenda for the session.

Also this morning, the President noted that China had expressed pleasure at being invited as a member to the Council, but had stated that it would not be able to participate at this session because of staffing problems. It had stated, however, that it would wish to be kept informed of the deliberations of the Council. The President and several delegations expressed hope that the Council would soon have the benefit of China's participation.

The President and members welcomed the new United Nations Under-Secretary- General for Political Affairs and Decolonization, Tang Ming-Chao, who took up his assignment on 1 May. They paid tribute to his predecessor, Issoufou S. Djermakoye.

Tributes were also paid this morning to the President of the last session, David N. Lane (United Kingdom), as well as to representatives of the two •Trust Territories — Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and Papua and New Guinea — who are participating in the session as members of the delegations of the United States and Australia.

The Council will meet again at 10:JO a.m. tomorrow, 2h May, to begin consideration of conditions in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, administered by. the United States.

Qpgning_ Statement by Secretary-General

Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim, in his opening statement, said that a significant measure of the Council's success was that, of the 11 Territories originally placed under trusteeship, nine had already exercised their right to self-determination and had joined the community of nations.

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* Members of the Council are Australia, China, France, USSR, United Kingdom and United States. - 2 T Press Release TR/2Q20 23 Hay 1972

Those achievements were made possible, he observed, by the devotion of the Council to its task, the co-operation of the Administering Authorities, and the determined efforts of the peoples concerned* As the Council began its thirty-ninth session, the Secretary-General said, the documents before it indicated that encouraging developments were taking place in the two remaining Trust Territories. The report of the special United Nations Mission which observed the elections to the House of Assembly of Papua and New Guinea confirmed "the uninterrupted march of this Territory towards the objectives of the Charter", he stated. The Council would also examine developments in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, he noted, and expressed pleasure concerning a Joint communique issued by the United States, as the Administering Authority, and the Congress of Micronesia, following talks on the future status of the Territory. The communique noted, he said, that both parties found the talks "a highly useful exploration of their views as to the future political relationship between the United States and Micronesia when the present United Nations Trusteeship is ended".

While these developments pointed to progress, he went on, many things still remained to be done to fulfil the aims of the Charter. In both Trust Territories, there were rising expectations which called for further efforts on the part of all concerned, and there was "a manifest will for freedom which brooks no further delay". He expressed confidence that the Council, with the co-operation of the Administering Authorities and in collaboration with the other United Nations organs concerned, would soon make it possible for the two Territories to exercise their right to self-determination. He assured the Council of his full co-operation, and added that the Secretariat would spare no effort to facilitate the Council's noble task, which he hoped would be crowned with success. (The full text of the Secretary-General's statement is given in Press Release SG/SM/1695-TR/2021.) Agenda Adopted Before his election as President, Mr. Bennett (United States),acting as the President, drew the Council's attention to the agenda (document T/1731) and to a list of petitions and communications received by the Secretary-General and circulated to members of the Council (document T/1731/Add.l). Five of these are from New Crimea, while ih are from the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. The Council adopted the agenda without objection. (For background on the session, see Press Release TR/2019 of 17 May.)

(more) - 3 - Press Release TR/2020 23 May 1972

by _ Pre s ident Following his election by .secret ballot, the President, Mr. BENNETT (United States), said that for the past several months he had devoted much attention to the work of the Council. As a member of the United Nations Mission to observe the elections in Papua Hew Guinea, __he had been able to observe at first hand some of the matters that the Council would be discussing at this session.

He welcomed the representatives from the new Government of the Territory who were at this session as members of the delegation of the administering Power, Australia. The President said he had also been to the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands to observe the conditions there at first hand. He welcomed the members of the Congress of the Territory and its other representatives who were in the delegation of the United States to the Council.

He said the Council could look back on a quarter-century of successful work. Its work had been so successful, in fact, that it has almost "worked itself out of existence", he said.

The President paid tribute to his predecessor David N. Lane (United Kingdom), and expressed regret that Mr. Lane could not be at the meeting to personally accept the Council's gratitude for his "capable stewardship". He hoped the United Kingdom delegation would convey the Council's tributes to Mr. Lane.

Welcoming the new Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs and Decolonization, Tang Ming-chao, Mr. Bennett expressed confidence that the Council -could rely on the co-operation of Mr. Tang and his Department.

Statement by the Under-Secretary-General

TANG MING-CHAO, Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs and Decolonization, congratulated Mr. Bennett on his election and swished him success in the discharge of his duties,

Mr. TANG said he was new to his work, but the principle and spirit of the Charter, particularly concerning decolonization, were not alien to him. He firmly believed that the right of people to independence was paramount.

He assarted the Council that his Department was always willing to service and co-operate with the Council.

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Other Statements CHARLES ROBIN ASHWIW (Australia) stated that, as an administering Power, his country knew the value of co-operation with the United nations, and thus looked forward to co-operation with Mr. Tang and his Department.

His delegation also looked forward to having the benefit of the views of the delegation of China on the work of the Council.

MICHAEL S, WEIR (United Kingdom) said the participation of the delegation of China was a development which his country had long felt to be overdue, and it looked forward to collaboration with China in the Council.

FREDERICK H. SACKSTEDER, JR. (United States) said that the Counciljwas honoured to have the Secretary-General address it, thus recognizing the important role of the Council. IVAN G. NEKLESSA (Soviet Union) thanked Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim for his statement. He said his delegation would in due course present the position of the Soviet Union on the items on the agenda of the Council. However, for now, he would state that the Soviet Union was committed to total eradication of colonialism, as well as racial discrimination and apartheid. This had been stated at the twenty-fourth Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, he said.

The Council then adopted, without objection, a tentative time-table for the work of this session.

* UNITED NATIONS Press Section. Office of Public Information United Rations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/169^

19 May 1972

TEXT OF STATEMENT BY SECRETARY-GENERAL TO CONFERENCE ON FUTURE OF UNITED NATIONS SECRETARIAT

New York, 19 May 1972 - 1 - Press Release SG/SM/l69^ OBG/71^ 19 May 19T2

The SECRETARY-GENERAL: I am very glad to have this opportunity to address this opening session of your Conference on "The Future of the United Nations Secretariat" co-sponsored "by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research and the Institute on Man and Science. I am pleased to continue the tradition "begun by my distinguished predecessor under which the Secretary- General has participated in these annual meetings. I should like to pay special tribute to Dr. Everett Clinchy, the guiding spirit of the Institute. on Man and Science and to record my conviction that these meetings make a significant contribution to the strengthening of the United Nations and to the cause of peace. I have read with interest the discussion outline prepared by Professor Richard Gardner of Columbia University. I wish to take this opportunity to pay a tribute to Professor Gardner and to thank him for all his activities and his initiatives in connexion with this Conference. As a professor, he knows that it is much easier to ask questions than to answer them. I do not pretend to have answers to all these questions that have been put before you but I should like to take this opportunity to suggest some of the premises which guide my approach to them, I regard your choice of topic as both timely and significant. In a sense the United Nations Secretariat, of which I feel proud to be a part, seems to be at a cross-roads. During my many years as Permanent Representative to the United Nations, I heard various criticisms of the Secretariat. To the extent that they have any foundation I have put every effort during the last four-and- a-half months into making some necessary adjustments. On the other hand, I believe that we should all Join in paying a well deserved tribute to the Secretariat, which has accomplished such substantial work during the last 26 years. ¥e should also remember that during this period the work of the Secretariat has steadily increased both in volume and in scope to keep pace with the expanded activities of the United Nations in the field of economic and social development and in the humanitarian field as well as in the political areas. I believe that any objective analyst would agree that the Secretariat has played an outstanding role as an independent, impartial and completely neutral body of men and women who have done their best in given circumstances. In fact, some of them, including Secretary-General Hammarskjold, made the supreme sacrifice of their lives in the cause of the United Nations. (more) - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/169^ ORG/73A 19 May 1972

I think it is worth recalling that the Secretariat is a principal organ of the United Nations under the Charter. Article 100 of the Charter sets forth two obligations: one is the obligation on the Secretary-General and the staff not to seek or receive instructions from any Government or from any external authority in the performance of their duties. May I particularly draw your attention to the reciprocal obligation on the part of each Member State of the Organization to "respect the exclusively international character of the responsibilities of the Secretary-General and the staff and not to seek to influence them in the discharge of their responsibilities". ¥e all know that in the political field the United nations can be only as effective as its Member Governments wish it to be. It is only a mirror of the international scene. There is no use asking that mirror "Who is the fairest of them all?", for it will only reflect the truth of the difficult problems in the world around us. When it comes to the effectiveness of the United Nations in the political field we must all recognize that, unlike a Foreign Minister, the Secretary-General operates under one major constraint — namely, the fact that he has only limited means of receiving political reports and comments from the various Member countries. The Secretary-General is, of course, kept well-informed by the permanent representatives and the reports and press comments which he receives from the information centres. However, there are occasions when the Secretary-General has felt handicapped for lack of information and views on issues with which he is concerned. What I should like to point out is the fact that a Foreign Minister, unlike the Secretary-Generals has ambassadors abroad who inform him regularly of the development in the different countries. The Secretary-General of course is in contact with the permanent representatives accredited to the United Rations who convey information to him. Usually they come to see him when there is a problem or when the country involved is particularly interested in informing the Secretary- General for a variety of reasons.

(more) - 3 - Press Release 19 May 19T2

The over-all information the Secretary-General would need is however not always available because he himself has, generally speaking, no representatives in the different capitals. You will therefore understand that the question of information is a problem for the work of the Secretary-General which is generally overlooked but that nevertheless is a handicap. Do not be afraid, ladies, and gentlemen, that I am now going to make a proposal to the General Assembly suggesting that it should authorize the Secretary-General to appoint ambassadors abroad. On the contrary, you know very well that it is my policy to introduce measures — as I have started to do —- to streamline the Secretariat and to save money, because we have many problems in the financial and administrative field. I just wanted to explain one aspect in the work of the Secretary-General of the United Nations that is usually overlooked. There are many who take the view that the effectiveness of the United Nations in such fields as economic and social development, human rights, etc. should be considered as important achievements which to some extent compensate for its relative lack of effectiveness in the political field. While I recognize the solid work of the United Nations in these fields, I personally hold that if the United Nations is not effective in the political field it will be difficult for the United Nations to command the confidence not only of the Member States but of "the peoples of the United Nations" ~- here I quote the Charter — in whose name the Charter speaks. For this reason I attach the greatest importance to improving-the effectiveness of the United Nations in the political field. On the political front we have as of this moment both good news and bad. I am hopeful that the friendship treaties between the Federal Republic of Germany on the one hand and the Soviet Union and Poland on the other will lead to a new period of detente in European relations and brighten the prospects for continued peace in Europe. In the Middle East there has been no progress for some time. I regard, it however as essential to move the Middle East issue off dead centre and I shall not fail to do everything possible to that end.

(more) . - ^ - Press Release SG/SM/l69^ GRG/71^ 19 May 1972

You aro aware that during the last two weeks I have publicly expressed my deep concern about the Vietnam conflict. For reasons which are no doubt clear to all of you, the United Nations has still not been able to play the role that I feel it should in contributing towards a solution of this problem. In the past the United Nations repeatedly was criticized for not dealing actively with the war in Vietnam. As you are aware, I have recently taken the step of presenting a memorandum to the President of the Security Council. This was intended to be a confidential memorandum but, when its contents were widely leaked, I decided to publish, it in, order to avoid biased and misinformed interpretation, I am sure that many of you have seen it. If today the United Nations is not seized of the problem of Vietnam and is not able to help in a constructive and generally acceptable solution to this problem, it is certainly and definitely not the fault of the United Nations. The Charter states that"the paramount consideration in the employment of the staff and in the determination of the conditions of service shall be the necessity of securing the highest standards of efficiency, competence, and integrity. Due regard shall be paid to the importance of recruiting the staff on as wide a geographical basis as possible". I shall therefore do everything within my power to ensure that the emoluments and ccndrbicns of service of the staff of the Secretariat are such as to enable the Secretary-General to obtain the services of nersons meeting these high standards. It is in this spirit that " • • ' •'.-.",(- I have approached the problems now pending before the Salary Review Committee. I realise that the financial situation of the Organisation has been a matter of serious concern to Member Governments. You are aware of the steps I have taken "to put our own house in order". I shall not hesitate to take further

(more) - 5 - Press Release SG/SM/l69^ CRG/Jlk 19 May 1972 steps if I feel they are justified. However, the long-term financial position of the Organization can "be improved only with the co-operation of the Member States. In this regard I very much hope that the work of the Committee of Fifteen may lead to acceptable recommendations for the consideration of the next General Assembly. In addition to making sure that the United Nations is able to meet its responsibilities in the political field, we must also ensure that the Secretariat is able to meet the challenges of the future which may arise in the non-political areas. Many of you will probably agree with me that two of the greatest dangers facing mankind today are the uncontrolled growth of population and the continuing deterioration of our environment. So far as the population problem is concerned, we have an effective operational programme which I hope will gather even more momentum and strength in the years ahead. We have seen in the field of population how the attitude of Member States has changed. At one time it was difficult even to discuss the issue frankly and freely in the relevant .intergovernmental bodies, both in the United Nations and in the specialised agencies concerned with this question. Today there is full and frank discussion of this problem in various bodies and we have been able to mount a large-scale programme of operational activities, with resources growing steadily year by year. In the field of environment, which I know was already discussed in a seminar organized last year by the Institute on Man and Science, we are only beginning our work. I will be in Stockholm early in June to participate in the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, the first of its kind. I hope that the deliberations of this Conference will result in the establishment of a framework which would guarantee our future effectiveness in the environment field and contribute to the quality of life. I realize it is a complex problem involving co-operation at many levels — individual, national and international.

However3 I believe the challenge to be inescapable and we Bhould do our best to meet it. Amongst the new tasks assigned to the Secretariat is disaster relief. By a decision taken by the General Assembly at its twenty-sixth session, following extensive discussion in the Economic and Social Council, the office of the

(more) - 6 - Press Release SG/SM/l69^ ORG/T11!- 19 May 1972

United Hations Co-ordinator for Disaster Relief has "been established. This office will "be Concerned not only with co-ordinating relief efforts after disaster has struck; it vill also be involved in pre-disaster planning and research, designed to forecast disasters, to help in preparing emergency plans for immediate execution after the disaster has struck, and for a number of other connected activities. Looking further ahead I see the prospect of a conference on a new regime for the sea which would require the full'support of the United Nations Secretariat for its effectiveness. The same is true of our work in the field of outer space, a field with which I was closely connected for many years. These are not only new challenges to 'the United Nations Secretariat; they are also opportunities for service to humanity in new fields of endeavour. I very much hope that as the effectiveness of the United Hations increases in the political field, we shall have the opportunity to be equally effective in these other areas. I said at the beginning that I am proud to be part of the Secretariat. I have already stated publicly my views on the tasks and responsibilities of the Secretary-General. I- believe that one of his main functions is to exercise "preventive diplomacy11. I have been active in this role in the past few months, and I shall continue to do so in respect to the major problems facing us in the political field. In addition, I would hope that the good offices of the Secretary-General would be available to the Member States as a tool of "quiet diplomacy" as was the case recently when there were some international incidents involving the hijacking of planes. From all that I have said, it should be clear that I personally approach the challenge of fulfilling the responsibilities entrusted to the Secretariat without illusions but with the firm determination to do everything possible to overcome the present difficulties. I believe that we will be more effective in the political field and that we will discharge our new tasks with competence and distinction. The Secretariat is not in the service of the United Nations alone: it is indeed the servant of all mankind. I regret that I will not be able to participate personally in your further discussions on this subject, to which I attach such great importance. However, I hope that both in New York and in Rensselaerville, your discussions will help to

(more) - 7 - Press Release SG/SM/1691^ ORG/73A 19 May 1972 point out new directions which will strengthen the effectiveness of the Secretariat. I look forward to receiving the results of this Conference, which I feel certain will be of assistance to me personally during my tenure as Secretary-General of this Organization, I wish you full success in your endeavours, and be assured that you have my full support.

,y y ,y * A ft K SI2AJISMISNT BY THE SECRETARY-GEHERAL TO THE CQlQjTiSltMCE QM THE FUTURE OF THE UNITES MTIOHS SEGKETABIAT, 19 MA.Y 1972

I am. very glad to have this opportunity to address this opening session of your Conference on "The Future of the United Nations Secretariat" co-sponsored by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research and the Institute on Man and Science. I am pleased to continue the tradition begun by my distinguished predecessor under which the Secretary-General has participated in these annual meetings. I would like to pay special tribute to Dr. Everett Clinehy, the guiding spirit of the Institute on Man and Science and to record my conviction that these meetings make a significant contribution to the strengthening of the United Nations and to the cause of peace. I have read with interest the discussion outline prepared by Professor Richard Gardner of Columbia University. As a professor, he knows that it is much easier to ask questions than to answer them. I do not pretend to have answers to all these questions that have been put before you but I would like to take this opportunity to suggest some of the premises which guide / my approach to them. I regard your choice of topic as both timely and significant. In a sense the United nations Secretariat, of which I feel proud to be a part, seems to be at a cross-roads. During my many years as Permanent Representative to the United Nations, I heard various criticisms of the Secretariat. To the extent that they have any foundation I have put every effort during the last four-and-a-half months into making some necessary adjustments. On the other hand, I believe that we should all join in paying a well deserved tribute to

* • *yT • * # ~ 2 * the Secretariat which has accomplished such substantial work during the last 26 years. We should also remember that during this period the work of the Secretariat has steadily increased both in volume and in scope to keep pace with the expanded activities of the United Nations in the field of economic and social development, in the humanitarian field as weil as in the political areas* I believe that any objective analyst would agree that the Secretariat has played an outstanding role as an independent) impartial and completely neutral body of men and women who have done their best under given circumstances. In fact» some of them, including Secretary-General Dag Hammarakjold, made the supreme sacrifice of their lives in the cause of the United nations. X think it is worth recalling that the Secretariat is a principal organ of the United Nations under the Charter. Article 100 of the Charter sets forth two obligations) one is on the part of the Secretary-General and the staff not to seek or receive instructions from any government or from any external authority in the performance of their duties. May I particularly draw your attention to the reciprocal obligation on the part of each Member State of the Organization to "respect the exclusively international character of the responsibilities of the Secretary-General and the staff and not to seek to influence them in the discharge of their responsibilities". We all know that in the political field the United Nations can be only as effective as its Member Governments wish it to be* It is only a mirror of the international scene* There is no use asking that mirror "who is the fairest of them all?" for it will only reflect the truth of the difficult problems in the world around us. When it comes to the effectiveness of the United Nations in the political field we must all recognise that, unlike a Foreign Minister, the Secretary-General operates under one major constraint -

• # •« / * # * * 3 -

the fact that he has only limited means of receiving political reports and comment from the various Member Countries, The Secretory-General is, of course) kept well-informed by the Permanent Representatives and the reports and press comments which he receives from the Information Centres. However, there are occasions when the Secretary-General has felt handicapped for lack of information and views on issues with which he is concerned, !Ehere are many who take the view that the effectiveness of the United Nations in such fields as economic and social development, human rights, etc. should be considered as important achievements which to some extent compensate for its relative lack of effectiveness in the political field. While I recognise the solid work of the United nations in these fields, I personally hold that if the United Nations is not effective in the political field, it will be difficult for the United nations to command the confidence not only of the Member States but of "the peoples of the United Nations" in whose name the Charter speaks, tor this reason I attach the greatest importance to improving the effectiveness of the United Kations in the political field. On the political front we have as of this moment both good news and bad. •,r"'~ I am hopeful that the friendship treaties between the Federal Republic of 1 Germany on the one hand and the Soviet Union and Poland on the other will ' lead to a new period of detente in European relations and brighten the prospects for continued peace in Europe. In the Middle East there has been no progress for some time. I regard it however as essential to move the Middle Bast issue off dead centre and I shall not fail to do everything possible to this end.

*•*/*«*

!^ifS8SpiS-^S5?§^!ri?i('fS^^ -k- You are aware that during the last two weeks I have publicly expressed jqjr deep concern about the Vietnam conflict. For reasons which are no doubt clear to all of you, the United Kationa has still not been able to play the role that I feel it should in contributing towards e. solution of this problem. In the past, repeatedly the United nations were criticized for not dealing actively with the war in Vietnam. As you are aware, I have recently taken the step of presenting a memorandum to the President of the Security Council, l&is was intended to be a confidential memorandum but, when its contents were widely leaked, I decided to publish it in order to avoid biased and misinformed interpretation. X am sure that many of you have seen it. If today the United Nations is not seized with the problem of Vietnam and is not able to help in a constructive and generally acceptable solution to this problem, it is certainly not the fault of the United nations. The Charter states that "the paramount consideration in the employment of the staff and in the determination of the conditions of service shall be the necessity of securing the highest standards of efficiency, competence, and integrity. Due regard shall be paid to the importance of recruiting the staff cat m wide a geographical basis as possible". I shall therefore do everything within my power to assure that the emoluments and conditions of service of the staff of the Secretariat are such as to enable the Secretary- General to obtain the services of persons meeting these high standards. It is in this spirit that I have approached the problems now pending before the Salary Review Committee. I realise that the financial situation of the Organization has been A matter of serious concern to Member Governments. You are aware of the steps I have taken "to put our own house in order". I shall not hesitate . 5 - to take further steps if I feel they are justified. However, the long-term financial position of the Organization can be improved only with the co-operation of the Member States. In this regard I very much hope that the work of the Committee of Fifteen may lead to acceptable recommendations for the consideration of the next General Assembly. la addition to making sure that the United Nations is able to meet its responsibilities in the political field, we must also ensure that the Secretariat is able to meet the challenges of the future which may arise in the non-political areas. Many of you will probably agree with me that two of the greatest dangers facing mankind today are the uncontrolled growth of population and the continued deterioration of our environment. So fay as the population problem is concerned, we have an effective operational programme which 1 hope will gather even more momentum and strength in the years ahead. We have seen in the field of population how the attitude of Member States has changed* At one time it was difficult even to discuss the issue frankly and freely in the relevant inter-governmental bodies, both in the United: Nations and in the specialized agencies concerned with this question* Today there is full and frank discussion of this problem in various bodies and we have been able to mount a large-scale programme of operational activities;, with resources growing steadily year by year. In the field of environment which I know has already been discussed in a seminar organized last year by the Institute on Man and Science, we are only beginning our work. X will be in Stockholm early in June to participate in the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, the first of its kind* 1 hope that the deliberations of this Conference will result in the establishment of & framework which would guarantee our future effectiveness in the environment field, and contribute to the quality of life* I realise it is a complex problem

•»«/•*» involving co-operation at many levels - individual, national and international. However, 1 believe the challenge to be inescapable and we should do our best to meet it. Amongst the new tasks assigned to the Secretariat is disaster relief* By & decision taken by the General Assembly at its twenty- sixth session, following extensive discussion in the Economic and Social Council, the office of the United Nations Co-ordinator for Disaster Selief has been established. This office will be concerned not only with co-ordinating relief efforts after disaster has struck, it will also be involved in pre-disaster planning and research, designed to forecast disasters, to help in preparing emergency plans for immediate execution after the disaster has struck, and for a number of other connected activities* leaking further ahead I see the prospect of a conference on a new regime for the sea which would require the full support of the United Nations Secretariat for its effectiveness. The same is true of our work in the field of out&space, a field with which I was closely connected for many years. These are not only new challenges to the United nations Secretariat, they are also opportunities for service to humanity in new fields of endeavour. I very much hope that, as the effectiveness of the United nations increases in the political field, we shall have the opportunity to be equally effective in these other areas. X said at the beginning that I am proud to be a part of the Secretariat. I have already stated publicly my views on the tasks and responsibilities of the Secretary-General. J believe that one of his main functions is to exercise "preventive diplomacy". I have been, active in this role in, the past few months, and I shall continue to do so in respect to the major problems facing us in the political field. In addition, I would hope that the good offices of the Secretary- General would be available to the Member States as a tool of "quiet

-^.-T^- - 7- diplomaey" as was the case recently when there were some international incidents involving the "hi-jaeking of planes*. Fa-can all that I have said, it should be clear that X personally approach the challenge of fulfilling the responsibilities entrusted to the Secretariat without illusions but with the firm determination to do everything possible to overcome the present difficulties. I believe that we •will be more effective in the political field and that we will discharge our new tasks with competence and distinction. The Secretariat is not in the service of the United Nations alone - it is indeed the servant of all mankind. I regret that I will not be abl« to participate personally in your further discussions on this subject; to which 1 attach such great importance. However, I hope that both in New York and in Rensselaerville, your discussions will help to point out new directions which will strengthen the effectiveness of the Secretariat* I look forward to receiving the results of this Conference, which, X feel certain, will be of assistance to me personally during my tenure as Secretary-General of this Organization. I wish you a successful session. UNITED NATIONS Press Section Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release UNITAR/161 18 May 1972

SSCF.1-I1.!ARY~GBNEPAL TO OPEN CONFERENCE ON FUTURE OF UNITED NATIONS SECRETARIAT

(The following is reproduced as received from UNITAR, New York,)

Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim will be the keynote speaker tomorrow, 19 May, at a Conference on the Future of the United Nations Secretariat sponsored by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) and the Institute on Man and Science. The Conference will open at 10 a.m. tomorrow in the Economic and Social Council Chamber at United Nations Headquarters and will continue over the week-end at the Institute on Man and Science, Rensselaerville, New York. It is part of a series of programmes by the two organizations, conducted separately until now, at which senior diplomats, international officials and experts are brought together for an exchange of views on strengthening the United Nations, About 40 such participants will attend this Conference. The choice of the Secretariat as the focus of this year7 s meeting results from the widespread conviction that it is timely for the United Nations to rethink its priorities, revitalize its administration and come to grips with its serious personnel and management problems. In addition to the Secretary-General, the other speakers at the opening meeting in the order of their remarks, will be: Richard M. Akwei, Permanent Representative of Ghana to the United Nations; Yakov A. Malik, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs and Permanent Representative of the Soviet Union; George H. Bush, Permanent Representative of the United States; Shunnrugsm Jayakumar, Permanent Representative of Singapore, and John I.M. Rhodes, Chairman of the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions, Discussions will continue at Rensselaerville from Friday afternoon through Sunday, 21 May. ¥orking papers and reference material will be distributed to the participants. Oscar Schachter, Acting Executive Director of UNITAR, and Richard N. Gardner of Columbia University and the Institute on Man and Science, who is also a Trustee of UNITAR, will act as Co-Chairmen of the Conference.

* ##* * UNITED NATIONS Press Section Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA —. NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release UNITAR/162 31 May 1972

ROUND-UP OF CONFERENCE ON "THE FUTURE OF THE SECRETARIAT" JOINTLY SPONSORED BY UHITAR AND INSTITUTE OH MAN AND SCIENCE. 19-22 MAY

(The following is reproduced as received from UNITAR.)

A Conference on "The Future of the Secretariat" was opened at United Nations Headquarters on Friday, 19 May with a keynote address by Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim. The Conference was jointly sponsored by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) and the Institute on Man and Science. Oscar Schachter, Acting Executive Director and Director of Studies of UNITAR, and Richard N. Gardner, Professor of International Law and Organization, Columbia University, and member of the Boards of UNITAR and the Institute on Man and Science, acted as co-chairmen, At the opening session, statements were made by Richard M. Akwei, Permanent Representative of Ghana to the United Nations, Yakov A. Malik, Permanent Representative of the USSR to the United Nations, George H. Bush, Permanent Representative of the United States to the United Nations, Shunmugan Jayakumar, Permanent Representative of Singapore to the United Nations, and John I.M. Rhodes, Chairman of the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions (ACABQ). The Conference continued over the week-end at the headquarters of the Institute on Man and Science at Rensselaerville, New York. Thirty-five individuals participated in the Rensselaerville meetings: 10 government officials, including five members of the ACABQ; 15 United Nations officials from the Secretariat and other bodies; 10 experts from the academic and business communities, among them George Davidson who has recently been appointed Under-Secretary-General for Administration and Management. There were five discussion sessions, each devoted to one of the following major subjects: (l) The role of the Secretary-General and the Secretariat; (2) Achieving central policy direction: Programming, budgeting, co-ordinating; (3) The organization of the Secretariat; (k) Personnel policy: Recruitment, training, career development; (5) Toward modern and effective management techniques. The discussions were based on Uo questions prepared by Mr. Gardner,

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I. The Role of the Secretary^erieral and the_Secreta,rlat Two different conceptions of the Secretary-General and the Secretariat were offered by participants in the Conference. One envisaged the Secretary- General as an Administrative Officer. The other, in varying degrees, envisaged a "broader role for the Secretary-General in the various fields of activity of the United Nations that would allow him to take initiatives and exercise a measure of discretion in the execution of ambiguous mandates of legislative bodies. Picking up the comment the Secretary-General made in the keynote address to the effect that there are occasions when he has felt handicapped by lack of information, the participants discussed ways of improving the flow of information to the Secretary-General. The idea of appointing diplomatic representatives to Member States or to regions was considered impracticable for financial and political reasons. But it was recognized that there is need for greater high- level communications between the Secretary-General and Member States not only on political crises but also on other matters such as the financial resources that Member States will make available for carrying out the programmes of the Organization, Some suggestions were made in this connexion, e.g., dispatch of troubleshooters to maintain contacts with Governments on developing crises, special missions, personal contacts between the Secretary-General and high- level officials of Member States. It was noted that it is not only the Secretary-General that is faced with an information gap and that there is need for better communications within the Secretariat and between the Secretariat and delegations. It was also noted that the United Nations Information Services should be improved in order to enhance the Organization's public image throughout the world. II, Achieving__Cestral Policy Direction: Programming. Budgeting, Co-ordinating Reforms at four levels were considered necessary to promote better co-ordination of policy through the United Nations system: (a) Secretariat; (b) intergovernmental bodies; (c) interagency relations; (d) Governments. (a) It was suggested that there must be a high-level mechanism in the Secretariat for centralized policy planning, e.g, a policy planning staff or Council; (b) Consideration was given to the need to link the programme formulation and budget review processes to promote the integration 'of programming and budgeting at the level of intergovernmental bodies. To achieve this various measures were recommended: strengthening the role of the Economic and Social Council; greater co-ordination between programme-formulating organs and organs responsible for budgetary matters, for instance, joint meetings of the Committee on Programme and Co-ordination and the ACABQ; establishment of a committee to review both programme and budget;

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(c) Greater co-ordination was considered necessary among the programmes of the specialized agencies, semi-autonomous "bodies and the United Nations. In this connexion, it was pointed out that the lack of a central point of co-ordination and policy formulation in the United Nations at the Secretariat and intergovernmental level makes it difficult for the Organization to exercise leadership vis-a-vis the other agencies; (d) Co-ordination and centralisation of policy-making in the United Nations was considered impossible without a mechanism at the national level for co-ordinating the policies of Member States in the various intergovernmental "bodies of the United Nations system. Consideration was given to the possibility of introducing programme budgeting in the United Nations as a tool for improving the decision-making process in the allocation of resources to various activities. The participants discussed whether the first question to be decided is the magnitude of available resources or whether a definition of priority objectives and programmes to achieve those objectives should come first. It was pointed out that programmes are the result of an interplay between needs and resources that Member States are willing to provide. It was suggested that it would be desirable for the United Nations to strike a better balance between the priorities of poor and rich countries by giving greater attention to the concerns of developed countries — efg., environment, population, narcotics. It was argued that this might increase interest in United Nations activities on the part of industrialized countries and induce them to make greater resources available to the Organization and also reverse the trend toward the establishment of special purpose funds and thus promote the objective of central policy direction. III. The Organization of the Secretariat It was recognized that the Secretary-General's burden of supervision, representation, and meeting attendance was too great. The reduction of the number of officials who report directly to the Secretary-General was considered desirable but not feasible for political reasons. It was pointed out that the political and diplomatic duties of the Secretary-General leave him little time to deal personally with administrative and economic matters except in a general way and that this places a special responsibility on the Under-Secretary-General for Administration and Management and the Under- Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs. • The participants discussed the question of centralization versus decentralization and it was suggested that there should be centralized policy-making and decentralized implementation so far as it is practical.

(more) - ij. - • Press Release UNITAR/162 31 May 1972

•^ * Personnel Policy; Recruitment^..Training;, Career Development Various reforms vere suggested with respect to the United Nations personnel system. It was considered necessary for the United Nations to upgrade its recruitment effort to tiring competent and able people, especially young people, to the Secretariat. Competitive examinations on a national and regional basis were suggested. It was also suggested that the United Nations should try to recruit staff members from non-United Nations intergovernmental organizations — e.g., the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development — and multinational corporations. Mention was made of the recommendation contained in the report of Maurice Bertrand of the Joint Inspection Unit to the effect that the Secretariat should draw up a long-range recruitment programme based on projected turnover of staff in the coming years. Greater co-operation by Governments was considered necessary to promote the effectiveness of the United Nations recruitment efforts, especially to facilitate the task of reconciling the requirements of competence, integrity and efficienty with the principle of wide and equitable geographical distribution. It was suggested that it would be desirable to relax the requirement of anonimity and permit members of the staff to publish under their own names. It was pointed out that this would facilitate recruitment of personnel from the-academic and scientific communities and, also, provide greater incentives and rewards for professional accomplishments. The participants discussed the problem of "deadwood" in the Secretariat and it was pointed out that there is nothing in the United Nations personnel •system that prevents the weeding out of unsatisfactory staff members. Greater mobility of staff members.throughout the United Nations family of agencies was suggested as a means of improving the United Nations system of career development. More communication between high-level and lower-level staff members was considered necessary to improve morale among the latter. With respect to training it was suggested that staff members should take sabbaticals to refresh their skills in universities. The role of the projected UNITAR Staff College in training was discussed in considerable detail. It is envisaged that the Staff College will function within the framework of UNITAR as a joint venture of the United Nations family in terms of programme, management, and financing. The Staff College is designed to provide a centre of training for members of the Secretariat of all the agencies mainly in the field of management but also in other fields such as development. For the time being it is comtemplated that the Staff College will concentrate on short-term courses for high-and medium-level personnel. The Staff College could start functioning in 1973 on an experimental basis if the necessary financial decisions are taken this year by the General Assembly and the Governing Board of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP}. It was pointed out that

(more) - 5 - Press Release UNITAR/162 51 May 1972 the Staff College by providing common training to officials coming from various agencies and giving them the opportunity to establish personal relationships among them vould te in a unique position to make an essential contribution to the cohesion of the United Nations family,, Consideration "was also given to the creation of an International Civil Service Commission that would be responsible for establishing a common system of salaries, grading, and recruitment for the whole United Nations system,

V» Toward Modern and i Effective Management, Techniques The importance of the human factor in management was stressed. References were made to a lack of "will to manage" in the United Nations. The Secretary- General's appointments at the top level and the restructuring of the Secretariat that has started to take place were viewed as positive snd encouraging signs. It was noted that effective management must start at the top0 There was discussion of "primary", management techniques — planning, budgeting, and control — and "secondary" techniques — e»g», computers, electronic communications systems. It was pointed out the the United Nations needs to attract top managerial talent at all levels* It was suggested that since staff members tend to be "specialists" the United Nations should have training programmes in management* It was noted that the Staff College could make a valuable contribution in this regard. It was also suggested that staff members who have successfully dealt with management problems should be encouraged to write on their experiences so that others may learn and profit from them. A preliminary report on the discussions at the Conference has been given to the Secretary-General* A final report is being prepared by Mr* Gardner. Following is the list of participants: Richard M. Akwei Permanent Representative of Ghana to the United Nations Hamilton S« Amerasinghe Permanent Representative of Ceylon to the United Nations Maurice Bertrand* Member, United Nations Joint Inspection Unit Abdalla Yaccoub Bishara Permanent Representative of the State of Kuwait to the United Nations

Otto R4 Borch* Permanent Representative of Denmark to the United Nations

(more)

Indicates those who participated at Rensselaerville as well as at United Nations Headquarters. - 6 - Press Release UNITAR/162 31 May 1972

Mrs. Margaret Bruce Assistant Director, Division of Human Rights, United Nations George H. Bush Permanent Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations Chou Nan Permanent Mission of the People's Republic of China to the United Nations Everett Clinchy* Chairman of Executive Committee, Institute on Man and Science Paulo Lopes Correa (Brazil), Member, ACABQ, United Nations James Coutts* Partner, Canada Consulting Group, Toronto, Canada Villiam Cox* Secretary, International Civil Service Advisory Board, United Nations Sir Colin Crowe Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom to the United Nations George Davidson* President, Canadian Broadcasting Company, Ottawa, Canada Victor ELissejev* Chief, Headquarter Section, Internal Audit Service, United Nations Mohen S. Esfandiary (Iran) Member, ACABQ, United Nations Oscar Faura* Vice-Chairman, Salary Review Committee and Minister Counsellor, Permanent Mission of Peru to the United Nations Mrs, Suzanne Forgues* Director, Translation Service, United Nations Alfonso Garcia Robles Permanent Representative of Mexico to the United Nations Richard N, Gardner* Professor, Columbia University, Member of Boards of UNITAR and the Institute on Man and Science, Conference Co-Chairmaa Walter Gehlhoff* Permanent Observer of the Federal Republic of Germany to the United Nations

(more) - T - • Press Release UNITAR/162 51 May 1972

M.H. Gherab ' . Director of Personnel, Assistant Secretary-General., Office of Personnel, United Nations • Richard Hennes* Executive Secretary for United Nations Budget and System Coordination, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, United States Department of State- ' , . Stephana Hessel* Assistant Director, Programme Analysis and Policy Planning.Bureau,UNDP Sir Robert Jackson* ^ Under-Secretary-General for the United Nations Relief Operation in Dacca Shunmugam Jayakumar Permanent Representative of the Republic of Singapore to the United Nations Geoffrey Kean* Director of International Affairs, I.B.M. World Trade Corporation Ismat T. Kittani* Assistant Secretary-General for Inter-Agency Affairs, United Nations Bohdan Lewandowski. Under-Secretary-General for Conference Services, United Nations Mrs. John L, Loeb New York City Commissioner to the United Nations : Mario Maooil* (Italy), Member, ACABQ, United Nations Yakov Aleksandrovich Malik Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, Permanent Representative of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to the United Nations Giovanni Migliuolo Minister Counsellor, Permanent Mission of Italy to the United Nations Hamish Millar-Craig* Director Of Administration, UNITAR Alexander Mironov Senior Research Specialist, UNITAR Serge Michel* Director, Division of Personnel Administration, United Nations

(more) - 8 - Press Release UNITAR/162 31 May 19T2

Bradford Morse Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs David A. Morse* Chairman, Advisory Panel on Programme Policy, UNDP C.S.M. Mselle* Member, ACABQ and Mission of United Republic of Tanzania to the United Nations Robert G. Muller* ' Director, Executive Office of the Secretary-General, United Nations C.V« Narasimhan Chef de Cabinet of the Secretary-General, United Nations Andre Naudy* (France), Member, ACABQ, United Nations Carlos Ortiz de Rozas Permanent Representative of Argentina to the United Nations V,K. Palaraarchuk* Member, ACABQ, and Counsellor, Mission of USSR to the United Nations Naeem G. Rathore Chairman, Staff Committee, United Nations John I.M, Rhodes* (United Kingdom), Chairman, ACABQ, United Nations Bruce W. Rohrbacher* Partner, McKinsey and Company, Washington, D,C« Robert J. Ryan* Assistant Secretary-General for General Services, United Nations Oscar Schachter* Acting Executive Director and Director of Studies, UNITAR Conference Co-Chairman Stephen M. Schwebel* Executive Director, American Society of International Law, Washington, D.C. Mrs, Gloria L, Scott* Chief, Social Planning Section, United Nations

George Sherry* Principal Officer, Office of the Under-Secretary-General for Special Political Affairs, United Nations

(more) - 9 - Press Release UNITAR/162 31 May 1972

C.A. Stavropoulos Legal Counsel, United Nations David L. Stottlemeyer Adviser, International Organization Affairs, United States Mission to the United Nations Alexander Szalai* Deputy Director of Studies, UNITAR Nilolai K. Tarassov Deputy Permanent Representative of the USSR to the United Nations Jozsef Tardos* Member, ACABQ, and Deputy Permanent Representative of Hungary to the United Nations Miss Kathleen Teltsch* New York Times Bureau to the United Nations, United Nations Mamadou Moctar Thiam Executive Secretary, Organization of African Unity Willard L. Thorp* ' Former Chairman, Development Assistance Committee, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Brian E. Urquhart Director, Office of the Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs, United Nations Michel Virally* University of Geneva, Switzerland UNITAR Consultant on the United Nations Staff College C. von Stedingk Director, Liaison Office, International Labour Organisation, New York Nagao Yoshida* Minister, Permanent Mission of Japan to the United Nations Harold S. Williams* President, The Institute cri Man and Science.

,V y y y * A A A 7T Officers & Directors Directors William H. Draper, Jr. Charles-'E. Bohlen 1835 K Street, N.W., Washington, B.C. 20008 Honorary Chairman Norman E. Borlaug James W. Riddlebeiger Harold W. Bostrom Telephone [202] 659-1833 Cable: CRISIS Honorary Chairman Cass Canfield John Conyers, Jr. Andrew P. O'Meara Ernest Gruening National Chairman Mrs. John L. Loeb May 18, 1972 iugh Moore Mrs. Cordelia S. May -MAY 2 O I Chairman and Treasurer James S. McDonnell 113 n |1: George C. McGhee 51~\ v ecretarMrsr -. Phylli^ yy s Piotrow H. Bruce Palmer aiQM Rodney Shaw nee R. Kegan Joseph D. Tydings Willard Wirtz

The Honorable Kurt Waldheim Secretary-General D-Aci-on Coispleted United Nations New York, New York

Dear Mr Secretary-General:

I want to thank you again for your generosity in preparing a statement for inclusion in the April 30th NEW YORK TIMES supplement on "Population: The U. S. Problem; The World Crisis." I am enclosing 10 copies for your personal use and will be glad to send additional copies.

Coming on top of the landmark report by the Commission on Population Growth and The American Future, whose summary, findings and recommendations are in the supplement, I hope you will agree that the quality and coverage of the issue, together with the photographs, make it informative and exciting.

To assure maximum educational impact beyond the large and influential NEW YORK,TIMES audience, we have informed the entire educational establishment in the U. S. about the supplement — teachers and administrators of all elementary, secondary and higher educational institutions, both public and private — through the journals of the various groups in The American Council on Education and The National Education Association. A Teacher's Guide, which is also available upon request, is enclosed.

Further, to assure actual class use by high school students this spring term, we arranged for the printing of a special 16-page insert by Senior Scholastic for an estimated 30,000 social studies teachers and about txjo million students. A copy of the May 1 issue of Senior Scholastic is enclosed.

Orders for the supplement are coming in. These include orders from the Office of Population Affairs in the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, The Congressional Research Service, Planned Parenthood/World Population, The American Association of University Women as well as schools all over the country.

Finally, extensive overseas distribution is being arranged, including a Spanish translation for Latin America; and, the United Nations Fund for Popu- lation Activities is planning distribution to their Resident Representatives and Population Officers.

..v The Honorable Kurt Waldheim May:'18.1,.. 1972 J Page 2

We believe this issue, its school distribution and other use in this country and overseas will stimulate new discussion and concern for the U.S. population problem and the world population crisis.

I hope you will agree that your contribution is well worthwhile. Again, we thank you for your support.

WHD:cb Enclosures APRIL 30,1972 • SECTION 12 V^ y contributors.

This supplement is sponsored by the Population Crisis Committee in association with the Planned Parenthood Federation of America and financed by contributors. The Role of the United Nations

heavy blow to the development efforts of many effects of population growth and the measures nations around the globe. An immediate com- needed to reduce excess growth. To this review "To slow population mitment to slow population growth is an im- the United Nations itself must bring a broad portant prerequisite for future world stability. perspective* on population issues, keeping to the growth is an impor- Increasing productivity alone will neither forefront three major levels of concern and eliminate the basis of poverty nor spark a action. tant prerequisite for transition to low birth rates. What is needed is First, the United Nations must speak for the also a more equitable distribution of this world's entire world community bearing always in mind future world stabil- goods. We need to focus less on total economic that four billion people cannot live, independ- 99 growth and move on to specific, social problems ently, without concern for one another's needs. ity. such as unemployment, malnutrition and illiter- The world of the twentieth century offers knowl- acy. We must assure the world's poor that the edge and opportunity that would have stag- Kurt Waldheim means for a better life will be made available gered our ancestors. A world of four billion to all. people also faces constraints that past ages never Secretary-General, The United Nations This call for a new attitude towards develop- knew and that we violate at our peril. ment has implications for rich and poor nations Second, the United Nations must speak to The greatest challenge for the United Na- alike. Within poor nations each decision on and with governments, for population policies tions during the Second Development Decade is development strategy must be considered in remain within the sovereign domain of each to promote peace with justice and, to achieve terms of whether its effect will reach the vast nation. The General Assembly has recognized this end, to improve the conditions of life for majority of the population. that governments should study population fac- the billions of men, women and children who The year 1972 is a threshold that may well tors and adopt population policies. Some thirty will inhabit the earth in the coming decades. lead toward even more vital United Nations member states have such policies; a hundred Our goal is not mere survival, but a life of commitment. The Stockholm Conference on the others do not and may need advice and resources dignity and peace with hope for each new gener- Human Environment will bring together a criti- to evaluate their needs. ation. Therefore, the Second Development cal mass of information, impetus, and leader- Third, the United Nations must speak in be- Decade will require a serious confrontation with ship that must surely link the increasing pollu- half of individuals. The Universal Declaration our most basic problems of poverty and population of the planet with the Increasing population on Human Rights proclaims the right of all tion growth. of the planet. parents freely and responsibly to determine the The problem of poverty and the gap which This spring the United Nations will be for- number of their offspring. Yet the information ' separates the rich from the poor is a source of mally inaugurating preparations for the World and services to exercise this right still do not fundamental concern for the future security of Population Year 1974 and the World Popula- exist in much of the world and may not exist in man. It should also now be obvious to every tion Conference. A worldwide review and ap- the future unless the United Nations can pro- man that rapid .population growth strikes a praisal will try to determine more precisely the vide the assistance needed.

Home is a floating sampan in crowded Hong Kong. What lies ahead for Zulu youth? f I 14 This supplement is sponsored by the Population Crisis Committee in association with the Planned Parenthood Federation of America and financed by contributors.

The Role of the United Nations

heavy blow to the development efforts of many effects of population growth and the measures nations around the globe. An immediate com- needed to reduce excess growth. To this review "To slow population mitment to slow population growth is an im- the United Nations itself must bring ,-a broad portant prerequisite for future world stability. perspective" on population issues, keeping to the growth is an impor- Increasing productivity alone will neither forefront three major levels of concern and eliminate the basis of poverty nor spark a action. tant prerequisite for transition to low birth rates. What is needed is First, the United Nations must speak for the also a more equitable distribution of this world's entire world community bearing always in mind future world stabil- goods. We need to focus less on total economic that four billion people cannot live, independ- 99 growth and move on to specific, social problems ently, without concern for one another's needs. ity. such as unemployment, malnutrition and illiter- The world of the twentieth century offers knowl- acy. We must assure the world's poor that the edge and opportunity that would have stag- Kurt Waldheim means for a better life will be made available gered our ancestors. A world of four billion to all. people also faces constraints that past ages never Secretary-General, The United Nations This call for a new attitude towards develop- knew and that we violate at our peril. ment has implications for rich and poor nations Second, the United Nations must speak to The greatest challenge for the United Na- alike. Within poor nations each decision on and with governments, for population policies tions during the Second Development Decade is development strategy must be considered in remain within the sovereign domain of each to promote peace with justice and, to achieve terms of whether its effect will reach the vast nation. The General Assembly has recognized this end, to improve the conditions of life for majority of the population. that governments should study population fac- the billions of men, women and children who The year 1972 is a threshold that may well tors and adopt population policies. Some thirty will inhabit the earth in the coming decades. lead toward even more vital United Nations member states have such policies; a hundred Our goal is not mere survival, but a life of commitment. The Stockholm Conference on die others do not and may need advice and resources dignity and peace with hope for each new gener- Human Environment will bring together a criti- to evaluate their needs. ation. Therefore, the Second Development cal mass of information, impetus, and leader- Third, the United Nations must speak in be- Decade will require a serious confrontation with ship that must surely link the increasing pollu- half of individuals. The Universal Declaration our most basic problems of poverty and popula- . tion of the planet with the increasing population on Human Rights proclaims the right of all tion growth. of the planet. parents freely and responsibly to determine the The problem of poverty and the gap which This spring the United Nations will be for- number of their offspring. Yet the information ' separates the rich from the poor is a source of mally inaugurating preparations for the World and services to exercise this right still do not fundamental concern for the future security of Population Year 1974 and the World Popula- exist in much of the world and may not exist in man. It should also now be obvious to every tion Conference. A worldwide review and ap- the future unless the United Nations can pro- man that rapid .population growth strikes a praisal will try to determine more precisely the vide the assistance needed.

Home is a floating sampan in crowded Hong Kong. What lies ahead for Zulu youth? This supplement is sponsored by the Population Crisis Committee in association with the Planned Parenthood Federation of America and financed by contributors. 13

gitimacy. As of 1967 approximately 4.5 million which should not be decided by the State. "Given the opportun- children under the age of 18 in the United Under the present circumstances we are impos- ity many women will States were illegitimate. A recent study by the ing the Catholic view of abortion on the entire government of the District of Columbia showed population of the United States. choose to have fewer that in 1970 the percentage of illegitimate The lack of access to birth control informa- births had exceeded 40% and projected that by tion and materials and the archaic laws that children." 1973 over half the babies in the District will be prevail with regard to abortion amount to com- born out of wedlock. pulsory pregnancy. -Shirley A. Chisholm We can't ignore this. These children and this At the other end of the spectrum are those United States Representative problem are'not going to just fade away. We who advocate sterilization and a limitation on from New York need to be concerned about the quality of these the number of children a family may have, as lives—both of the children and of their mothers. a solution to the "population problem". While I have long been and still am an ardent Even though approximately 40% of the it is true that our population and that of the advocate of family planning. I believe that mothers of the 245,000 babies born illegitimate- world is growing at an astounding rate and that every woman has the right to control her own ly in the United States every year are women we do need to be concerned about the con- reproductive process. The decision to have chil- 19 years old or younger, we still are not making servation of human resources, forced steriliza- dren, when and how many, is one of the most information on birth control available to these tion or any compulsory directive is an anathema important decisions she will make in her entire young girls. Although many young people seem to the human spirit. lifetime. But too often, for a variety of reasons, to be very sophisticated about sex, they, in fact, It is the suggestion of compulsory birth con- she doesn't decide at all; the pregnancy just are frequently lacking in knowledge about the trol regulations that has prompted concern occurs. facts of life. By forcing a young girl to have an among American Blacks about "race genocide". One of the biggest problems is the lack of unwanted child, we are assigning her to society's There have been instances when judges have information about the reproductive process and trash heap. Young, confused, usually without ordered individuals, such as convicted felons to contraception. Studies have shown that most skills or training, she will be cut off from ave- be sterilized, and there have been suggestions poor families-as well as the American popula- nues of opportunity. that women be "required" to use contraceptives tion in general desire a family of two or three My own experiences at the community level or have an abortion as a prerequisite to receipt children. The poor however have much less and other studies done after the introduction of of public assistance. Indeed there are reports access to either good prenatal or postnatal care the New York State abortion repeal law confirm that some social workers already imply that or information about contraceptive techniques. the fact that given the opportunity many wom- those who don't attend family planning semu The result, limited financial resources are in- en will choose to have fewer children. - nars will have difficult)' with the welfare office. sufficient and the family may sink even deeper There are those who either for religious or There is a difference between making infor- into poverty. More than one-quarter of all personal convictions believe that abortion and mation and services available and coercion. It • families with four or more children are living certain forms of contraception are morally is a very important difference that we must in poverty. Their risk of poverty is two-and-a- wrong and amount to killing a child: others jealously guard and respect. Women should half times that for families with three children believe that human life does not start until neither be forced into having children they or less. some time after conception or at birth. I believe don't want nor restricted from having children Another serious and growing problem is ille- that this is a matter of personal conscience they do want.

"Minority groups shall not be denied access to family planning." Roy Wilkins overt and subtle forms of discrimination are Executive Director practiced in the rendition of these services to minority groups." The National Association for the Special emphasis is placed upon the welfare Advancement of Colored People system and the myths which have been given wide currency in order, in part, to "justify" The National Association for the Advance- racial discrimination. There is, however, no am- ment of Colored People supports "the dissemi- biguity in the NAACP approach to the signifi- nation of information and materials concerning cant, but highly emotional, topic of family plan- family health and family planning to all those ning. The Association supports the dissemina- who desire it" tion of "information and materials" for those In taking this position the NAACP does not who wish it. ignore the traditional concern of the Associa- The NAACP does not purport to be a cru- tion, indeed, the reason for its being, the racial sader for family planning. That is the task of discrimination against minority groups that is so those organizations specifically designed and genuine problem, outlined in graphic detail for prevalent in all aspects of American life. It rec- equipped to render the services where requested. any unbiased observer. ognizes that "the family constitutes the founda- However, the NAACP does not believe that ob- The basic determination of the NAACP is tion of our society. . . . The general well-being stacles should be placed in the way of, the dis- that minority group families, who must wrestle of the family and all the services that affect it semination of information on the subject. with myriad manifestations of racial discrimina- —are of paramount concern to this Association. There can be no question that family size be- tion, shall not be denied access to family plan- It is further recognized that, although numerous yond the capacities of available income or of ning help by reason of their racial and economic '*• health and welfare benefits are available, both health and educational resources, constitutes a deprivations. Si

STATEMENT BY THE SECRETARY- GENERAL to the WORLD POPULATION CRISIS

Today ih*» laajor poiltiaal issa&s of iai^s*^&e*«& p^c« am war* the ajaia eouc«raa ia tfa* a&iyxte of t'aa £&* llnit«d B«tio«a Qvga&isatiQn here sod 3Q€$£hL issues » Politd-sad. stability acd. frsadeni sttaoot. be s^jaratsd ^rsa tfce i«rs«»t aa«d facing of tlt» wwrld'a population for secmfimG; cf^ortoKitj aud social pyogr«a»» At th* start of th» Seoeed Sniieci BatdUaas D0r«iop- Secawi*, the pc^wlaiion *>t tfee t*&pld is appr&achibig the 4 billion fcir&t of a shiM ia a &ewr

to make svail»ol« for It ia areria^« i2a& tii« I'nitea Ilatio&a should

, aisd to extend to all peopiaa tli« and tl» knosdiadgs and gersdcss aacesgas^1 foy tliasa tiria sd^» With th* nÊLdl growth af th« United Batlona for PopwlatifflB 4lcti7itis»,, w& now h@ro» the si^waa to proyld* saistautial mod H?ndl3ilti: swppcvi t« tbtt deâicîng eoaatidei* to attain thdUt !Giei ^Jrid fea&atlm Coofer^^» to la

ocea«iao to ssobilisa the lcfto*3.ssig* and rasottrsea of Under th» X^ftdarahip of th« &£ org^oiaatdona, X be&iaro thst tha

be ig|»ttmd toy ail p«ef&a$ saai u2j» la ord«r t^at th» seas-

l»ck of ia carrîag out the &a&&t#a aoi aa to tlu» the Bajor political issues «f ir-tomational peace and security *Mch *Bsre the isste i-M 1$ approas t& gowi-im-mfes, la close the fipeeislise^ agertcios, and Kith in efforts to exteoa t& a31 pdopls0 tfes Is^sic right of aE£l th« k»0¥l«Jg« scd services aeces^x^ for thes to thi!& xl^t* With th© rîd growtti of tit© Waited oti-slties, w Da&ed Sfuarel^ by the e0tmtKl«s tsMjBg into sccsimt their own meeds in & contest «> to ûilibriwi Is la ortiey that the $&&&£ af life £e? $31 êoles ss& $£$0 i& order tfa&t t&e rssoisrees of th© vi^rM sê not aaci l&ck df forosl^xt . I pl^ge By owi full support In* carrying out the fBanclo-ies and the rospon$ibilltl«s of the United Nations to find an acc^table solution to the present v/orlel population problems, * * UNITED NATIONS Press Section Office of Public Information United Nations, N,Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Note No. 37^6 15 May 1972

NOTE TO CORRESPONDENTS

Reproduced below is the text of a memorandum which the Secretary- General gave to the President of the Security Council on 11 May 1972. Since passages from this memorandum have already appeared in press reports, the Secretary-General, with the agreement of the President of the Security Council, has decided to make the full text available.

(more) - 2 - * Note No. 37^6 15 May 1972

Memorandum to the President of the Security Council The hostilities in Viet-Nam have for many years been of grave concern not only to the parties immediately involved but to the world at large. Throughout his term of office as Secretary-General of the United Nations, my predecessor made numerous efforts to use his good offices in an attempt to assist in bringing about a peaceful settlement of this agonising conflict. Although the question was placed on the agenda of the Security Council at the request of the United States in February 19^6, the circumstances .have been such that the Council has not found itself able to play a useful role in bringing about either a cessation of the hostilities or progress toward a peaceful settlement. At the present time, however, there have been some changes in the situation and in the circumstances that were said to preclude the Council from playing a useful role. It is generally agreed that a lasting solution to the Viet-Nam problem can be brought about only through negotiation. Neither the efforts of the parties themselves, however, through talks and other contacts, nor the attempts of other governments or persons have proved effective in putting a stop to the hostilities or in bringing about a solution to the complex issues involved. In April of this year, when a new escalation of the fighting in Viet-Warn took place, I offered ray good offices to the parties concerned in an attempt to provide a possible channel through which the search for a peaceful settlement could be resumed. Although there was no response to this offer, it still :stands. In recent days, when the world has stood appalled at the suffering and destruction caused by the continued hostilities, I have also consulted with the members of the Security Council, in order to express to them my concern both at the situation in Viet-Nam and over the fact that the United Nations, the primary function of which is the maintenance of international peace and security, has so far been unable to bring its possibilities for conciliation and for peaceful settlement to bear on the tragedy of Viet-Nam. On 8 May the President of the United States made an important statement on the situation, the substance of which was conveyed by letter to the President of the Security Council (document 8/10631). Although I do not intend to comment on the details of this statement, its implications seemed to me so serious that I made, on 9 May, a brief statement, the text of which is annexed hereto. While continuing my consultations with the members of the Security Council, I have also felt it necessary to follow up my statement of 9 May by this memorandum to the President of the Security Council. I am doing this not only because of my obligations in respect to international peace and security under the Charter but also having regard to the humanitarian aspects of the current situation which is giving rise to untold suffering.

(more) " - 3 - Note No. 37^6 15 May 19T2

I firmly believe that peace is genuinely desired by all parties to the Viet-Nam conflict, but in spite of this the war has continued for many years with increasing intensity and an appalling toll of human life. I am fully aware of all the obstacles and difficulties which have made it impossible, despite many serious efforts, for the parties involved to reach the peaceful settlement which all desire. Nor do I underestimate the difficulties which face the United Nations, and in particular the Security Council, in respect to this problem.

However, in view of the current.escalation of the conflict, and now that other efforts to bring the war to a halt seem to show little promise of success within a reasonable time, I feel strongly that the United Nations can no longer remain a mute spectator of the .horrors of the war and of the peril which it increasingly poses to international peace. I am also deeply concerned that the United Nations, which was created as a result of a world war in order to safeguard international peace and security in the future, appears to have no relevance to what is now happening in Viet-Nam. This indicates an attitude which, if it persists, could all too easily lead to the wholesale disaster which the United Nations was set up to prevent k I therefore suggest that the members of the Security Council should consult together and consider actively what measures can be taken to put an end, with justice and honour for all those involved, to a long and terrible war. Naturally it is for the members themselves to decide the most appropriate form for such consultations. There are obviously no easy options or solutions, but I am convinced that the effort must be made, and made urgently. I, as Secretary-General, remain available to the Council, its President and its members, in whatever capacity may seem useful in attaining the end we all seek, peace in Viet-Nam.

(more) - I). - Note No. 37i)-6 15 May 1972

Statement by the Secretary-General on 9 May 1972 The present situation is extremely serious, and I -wish to appeal to all the parties to act with the utmost restraint. The most recent developments 'have confirmed my conviction that a solution to the problem of Viet-Nam can only be found through negotiations. I have repeatedly offered my good offices in the search for a peaceful settlement in Viet-Nam. My offer still stands, but I feel that the time has now come when the full machinery of the United Nations should be' used, first to achieve a cessation of hostilities and then to assist in the search for a peaceful and lasting settlement of the problem. The United Nations was set up twenty-seven years ago to "save succeeding generations from the scourge of war". The responsibility for maintaining international peace and security, which is incumbent on all States Members of the United Nations, is the main function of the Security Council. It is my earnest hope that even at this very late stage the parties to the 'conflict will agree to use the machinery of the United Nations in their own interest as well as in the interest of world -peace. In view of the Secretary-General's obligations under the Charter, I shall also pursue my own efforts with all concerned in the hope of finding a peaceful, solution to this tragic situation.

« RATIONS UNIES Section de la presse Service de 1Tinformation Nations Unies, N. Y. (A L'INTENTION DES ORGANES D'INFORMATION — DOCUMENT NON OFFICIEL)

Note 3746 15 mai 1972

NOTE AUK CORRESPONDANTS

On trouvera ci-dessous le texte d'un memorandum que le Secretaire general a communique au President du Conseil de seeurite le 11 mai 1972. Certains passages du memorandum ayant deja ete publies par la presse, le Secretaire general a decide, d'accord avec le President du Conseil de securite, de publier le texte integral. Memorandum au President du Conseil de securite Les hostilite's au Viet-Nam sont depuis de nombreuses annees une source de grave preoccupation non seulement pour les parties immediatement en cause mais pour le monde entier. Pendant toute la duree de ses fonctions de Secretaire ge'ne'ral de 1'Organisation des Nations Unies, mon pre'de'cesseur a fait de nombreux efforts pour essayer de contribuer par ses bons offices a un reglement pacifique de ce conflit de'chirant, Bien que la question ait ete' inscrite a 1'ordre du jour du Conseil de securite en fevrier 1966, a la demande des Etats-Unis, les circonstances ont ete telles que le Conseil n'a pas pu jouer un role utile en assurant soit la cessation des hostilite's, soit un progres vers un reglement pacifique. A 1'heure actuelle, cependant, certains changements sont intervenus dans la situation et dans les circonstances dont on declarait qu'elles empechaient le Conseil de jouer un role utile. On reconnait g^neralement qu'une solution durable au probleme du Viet-Nam ne pent intervenir que par la negociation. Toutefois, ni les efforts des parties elles-memes, au moyen d'entretiens ou d'autres contacts, ni les tentatives d'autres gouvernements ou d'autres personnes n'ont re"ussi a mettre un terme aux hostilites ou a apporter une solution aux questions complexes qui se posent. En avril dernier, lorsqu'une nouvelle escalade s'est produite dans les combats au Viev-lfcn . ,'j 'ai offert mes bons services aux parties inte*ressees dans une tentative pour foc;y;ii,- uns eventuelle voie de communication grace & laquelle la recherche drun rdglc-i.j.ot pacifique pourrait etre reprise. Bien qu'elle soit restee sans reponse,, cette off re est toujours valable, Ces derniers jours, ou nous avons appris avec consternation les souffrances et les destructions causees par la poursuite des hostility's, j 'ai egalement pris contact avec les membres du Conseil de securite pour lejir faj.rs part de 1'inquietude que me causaient tant la situation au Viet- Nam que Is frJt que 1'Organisation des Nations Unies, dont la fonction essentielle est le Tialncien de la paix et de la se'curite' internationales, n'a pas pu jusqu'ici faire en sorte que ses possibilites 'de conciliation et de reglement pacifique soient utilisees pour mettre fin a la trage'die du Viet-IIam.

(more) - 2 - Note 37^6 15'mai 1972

Le 8 mai, le President des Etats-Unls a fait une importante declaration sur la situation, dont la substance a ete' communiquee par lettre au President du Conseil de securite (S/1063l). Bien que je n'aie pas 1'intention de commenter en detail cette declaration, ses implications m'ont semble' si serieuses que jJai fait, le 9 mai, une breve declaration dont le texte est joint en annexe au present memorandum. Tout en poursuivant mes consultations avec les membres du Conseil de securite', jT ai aussi jugs' necessaire de completer ma declaration du 9 mai par le present memorandum au President du Conseil de securite. J'agis de la sorte non seulement a cause des obligations que m1impose la Charte en ce qui concerne la paix et la security internationales, mais aussi en raison des aspects humanitaires de la situation actuelle qui est la cause de souffrances indicibles. Je suis fermememt convaincu que toutes les parties au conflit du Viet-Wam desirent sincerement la paix, mais malgre cela la guerre se poursuit depuis de nombreuses annees avec une intensite croissante et au prix d'effroyables pertes de de vies humaines. Je suis pleinement conscient de tous les obstacles et de toutes les difficultes qui ont empeche les parties en cause, malgre de nombreux et se*rieux efforts, de parvenir au reglement pacifique que tous desirent. Je ne sous-estime pas non plus les difficulty's auxquelles doit faire face 1'Organisation des Wations Unies, et en particulier le Conseil de securite, en ce qui concerne ce proble'rne. Cependant, vu lrescalade actuelle du conflit et au moment ou les autres efforts visant & arreter la guerre semblent avoir peu de chances de succis dans un temps raisonnable^, j'ai la conviction que 1'Organisation des Hations Unies ne saurait rester plus longtempa spectateur muet des horreurs de la guerre et du que, de plus en plus, eile fait peser sur la paix internationale. Je suis aussi profondement preoccupe' par le fait que 1'Organisation des Hations Unies, qui a ete creee a la suite d'une guerre mondiale afin de sauvegarder la paix et la s^curite internationales dans 1'avenir, semble n'avoir pas la moindre influence sur ce qui se passe maintenant au Viet-Ham. Cela indique une attitude qui, si elle devait persister, ne pourrait que trop facilement conduire au desastre global que 1'organisation a pour vocation de prevenir. C'est pourquoi je suggere que les membres du Conseil de se'curite' se consultent et ex^iminent activement quelles mesures peuvent etre prises pour mettre fin, dans la justice et 1'honneur pour tous les interesses, a une longue et terrible guerre. Haturellement, c'est aux membres eux-memes qu'il appartient de "determiner quelle est la forme la plus appropriee pour de telles consultations. II n'y a manifestement pas d'options ni de solutions faciles, mais je suis convaincu que 1'effort doit etre fait, et qu'il doit etre fait d'urgence. En ma qualite* de Secretaire ge^n^ral, je suis d la'disposition du Conseil, de son President et de ses membres, pour m'employer de toute maniere qui semblerait utile a atteindre le but auquel nous vison tous, la paix au Viet-Nam,

- (more) f - 3 - Note 37^6 15 mai 1972

Declaration faite par le Secretaire general le 9 mai 1972 La situation actuelle est extremement grave et je voudrais faire appel a toutes les parties pour qu'elles agissent avec la plus grande moderation. Les eVenements les plus recents mTont confirms dans la conviction qu'une solution au probleme du Viet-Nam ne peut etre trouvee que par des negociations. J'ai a plusieurs reprises offert mes bons offices pour rechercher un reglement pacifique au Viet-Nam. Mon offre est toujours valable, raais j'estime que le moment est maintenant venu de mettre en oeuvre tout le dispositif de 1'Organisatior des Nations Unies, d'abord pour faire cesser les hostilite's et ensuite pour aider dans la recherche d'un reglement pacifique et durable du probleme. LTOrganisation des Nations Unies a e'te' cre'e'e il y a vingt-sept ans afin de "preserver les generations futures du fleau de la guerre". La responsabilite du maintien de la paix et de la s^curit^ Internationales, qui incombe & tous les Etats Membres de 1'Organisation, est la principals fonction du Conseil de s^curite'. J'ai le fervent espoir que, meme a cette heure tardive, les parties au conflit accepteront d'utiliser le dispositif de 1'Organisation des Nations Unies tant dans leur propre interet que dans 1'interet de la paix mondiale. Compte tenu des obligations que la Charte confere au Secretaire g^n^ral, je me propose, de mon cote, de poursuivre mes propres efforts aupres de tous les interesse's dand 1'espoir de trouver une solution pacifique a cette tragique situation.

•K- -5H«t * UNITED NATIONS Press Section Office of Public Information United Nations, W.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/1691 DC/725 HR/836 15 May 1972

TEXT OF STATEi^NT^JY^SECRE'TARY-GENERAL AT FIRST MEETING OF EXPERT GROUP ON NAPALM AND OTHER INCENDIARY WEAPONS

Following is the text of an address by Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim to the first meeting of the Expert Group on Napalm and Other Incendiary Weapons at United Nations Headquarters on 15 April, and read by M.E. Chacko, Director and Deputy to the Under-Secretary-General for Political and Security Council Affairs:

I am happy to welcome you to the United Nations as members of the Group of governmental consultant experts which is to assist the Secretary-General to prepare the report on napalm and other incendiary weapons and all aspects of their possible use called for by the General Assembly in its resolution 2852 (XXVI). As you are undoubtedly aware, the request of the Assembly for the preparation of this report is the latest in a series of such requests leading to the preparation of a number of reports within the general area of arms control and disarmament, and the various economic, social and legal problems involved. In 1962, a group of experts was called upon to assist the Secretary- General in reporting on the economic and social problems connected with disarmament. In 19^7? another expert group dealt with the all-important problems that are raised by the existence of vast arsenals of nuclear weapons« The question of chemical and biological weapons was scrutinized in a report prepared in 1969. Last year, a group of experts assisted the Secretary-General in preparing a report on the economic and social consequences of the arms race^ while another group of economists and other experts is currently working to formulate suggestions with a. view to establishing a link between the Disarmament Decade and the Second Development Decade. These different reports have helped to facilitate the often difficult discussions and negotiations on disarmament and related problems during the past decade. The fact that international groups of experts have been able to produce unanimous and factual reports on questions of great complexity Is an encouraging sign that such questions can be approached in a rational manner and on a factual basis. It is my sincere hope that you will be able to work in this tradition when dealing with the difficult question of napalm and other incendiary weapons,

(more) - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/1691 DC/725 HR/836 15 May 1972 The problems relating to napalm and other incendiary weapons are not entirely new to the United Nations. I would first recall that the International Conference on Human Rights held in Teheran in 1968 adopted a resolution XXIII which referred, inter alia, to napalm "bombing and recoramended that the General Assembly invite the Secretary-General to study: "the need for additional humanitarian international conventions ... to ensure the "better protection of civilians, prisoners and combatants in all armed conflicts and the prohibition and limitation of the use of certain methods and means of warfare", Subsequently, in a report of 20 November 1969 (A/7720), my distinguished predecessor, U Thant, concluded that: " ... in view of the reference to napalm in the Teheran Conference resolution, the legality or otherwise of the use of napalm would seem to be a question which would call for study and might eventually •be resolved in an international document which would clarify the situation". A year later, in his report "Respect for Human Rights in Armed Conflicts" submitted to the twenty-fifth session of the General Assembly (A/8052), the Secretary-General referred to a study, as the first step, on the "precise effects of the use of napalm on human beings and the living environment". He later stated in paragraph 126 of the document as follows:

•\ "If the General Assembly accepts the merit of that idea, it might consider requesting the Secretary-General to prepare, with the assistance of qualified consultant experts, a report on napalm weapons and the effects of their possible use. The preparation of this report might in general be patterned after the Secretary-General's report on the question of chemical and bacteriological (biological) weapons. ... The contemplated report on the question of napalm which might be prepared by the Secretary-General could facilitate subsequent action by the United Nations with a view to curtailing or abolishing such uses of the weapons in question as might be established as inhumane". Resolution 2852 (XXVI) was adopted by the General Assembly by an almost unanimous vote against this background of continued support for a study on napalm. Similar support had also been given by several States in the debates of the United Nations and by the International Red Cross Conference that was held in Geneva from 2h May to 12 June 1971. There is therefore already a widespread interest in the study of this problem. The various considerations which the General Assembly had taken into account when requesting a report on napalm and other incendiary weapons, considerations which I also share, are set out in resolution 2852 (XXVI).

(more) - 3 - Press Release SG/SM/1691 DC/725 HR/836 15 May 19T2

Accordingly, the provisions of this resolution should be among your guidelines in the preparation of the study. I hope that your report will provide the necessary "background for further discussions of the legal and humanitarian problems that are involved in the use of napalm and other incendiary weapons. In order to prepare such a report, you may decide to review in a factual manner the characteristics of these weapons, their design, their effects on man and his environment, there past use in armed conflicts as well as important aspects of their possible use in the future. I believe that, as a first step, it would be useful for the Group to prepare an outline for the study on the basis of which subsequent work on the report can successfully proceed. While I recognise that your task is not an easy one, I am confident that you will approach it in a spirit of co-operation and with the dedication and objectivity that is the singular characteristic of science, and that your joint effort will result in a unanimous report, I extend to you my best wishes for success in your efforts.

* *## * UNITED NATIONS A Press Section. Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/1689 9 May 1972

STATEMENT BY SH31EEARY-GENERAL KURT WfeEDHEIM ON SITUATION IN. SOUTH-EAST ASIA

The present situation is extremely serious, and I wish to appeal to all the parties to act with the utmost restraint. The most recent developments have confirmed my conviction that a solution to the problem of Viet-Nam can only be found through negotiations. I have repeatedly offered my good offices in the search for a peaceful settlement in Viet-Nam. My offer still stands, but I feel that the time has now come whan the full machinery of the United Nations should be used, first to achieve a ce&en&fon of hostilities "and thant.td ssafst &rtha^£ea?eh settlement of the problem. The United Nations was set up 27 years ago to "save succeeding generations from the scourge of war". The responsibility for maintaining International peace and security, which is incumbent on all States Members of the United Nations, is the main function of the Security Council, It is my earnest hope that even at this very late stage the parties to the conflict will agree to use the machinery of the United Nations in their own interest as well as in the interest of world peace, In view of the Secretary-General's obligations under the Charter, I shall also pursue my own efforts with all concerned in the hope of finding a peaceful solution to this tragic situation.

* *#* # UNITED NATIONS Press Section Office of Public Infonmtion United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE op INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT- AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release 3G/SM/1688 GA./PK/U9 h- May 1972

TEXT OF STATEMENT BY SECRETARY-GENERAL KURT WALDHEIM TO SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON PEACE-KEEPING- OPERATIONS

- New York, V May 1972

Following is the text of a statement by Secretary-General Kurt Waldlieim to the Special Committee on Peace-Keeping Operations, meeting at United Nations Headquarters on k May 1972;

It gives me great pleasure to welcome the members of the Special Committee on Peace-keeping Operations to the Committee's first meeting in 1972.

I am particularly gratified to have this opportunity to renew my acquaintances with members of the Special Committee. As you are aware, I was my country's representative in the Committee since its inception in February 1965- I recall the numerous consultations and discussions among members of the Committee in their attempts to resolve the constitutional, political and financial differences regarding United Nations peace keeping. In retrospect, we can say that our efforts were not altogether in vain. Although we have not yet resolved the main problems, the absence of the crisis atmosphere which surrounded the original establishment of the Committee should enable members better to engage in dispassionate examination of all the outstanding issues.

From my past association with the work of the Special Committee, I know that you are fully cognisant of the great importance of the task entrusted ' to you by the General Assembly. There can be no doubt that peace keeping constitutes one of the principal, and perhaps the most vital, function of our Organization. It- is essential therefore that we advance toward a solution of the problems which inhibit the United Nations in this field. Even if we do not accept the reasons for the crisis of confidence in the United Nations, it is easy to understand them. The contribution of the United Nations system in various areas such as economic and social development, decolonization, the protection of'human rights and humanitarian relief, are well recognized. The crisis of confidence unquestionably has its roots in the doubts about the political efficacy of the Organization. It is in this context that success of your efforts in this committee can really enhance the image and standing of the United Nations.

(more) - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/1688 GA/PKA9 U May 1972

I have long been convinced that the peacekeeping capability of the Organization should be placed on a firmer basis by agreed guidelines for future peace keeping. It was this conviction that led me in December 19^7, during the twenty-second session of the General Assembly, to participate in consultations for a compromise text on the future work of the Special Committee. It was ray privilege to introduce on behalf of a number of delegations a revised draft which became General Assembly resolution 2308 (XXII) of 13 December 1967 and which is the basis of your present work. Taking into account the tasks entrusted to it by the General Assembly by resolution 2308 (XXII), the Special Committee, on 8 April 1968, established a Working Group of eight members. The Working Group approved as "a first model in its programme of work, a study of the United Nations military observers established or authorized by the Security Council for observation purposes pursuant to Security Council resolutions". During 19&9* the Working Group was able to complete the text of five of the projected eight chapters of Model I. The progress thus achieved was duly taken note of by the Assembly in its resolution 2576 (XXIV). However, in spite of the strenuous efforts of the members of the Working Group and the Committee itself, no further progress has been reported. In this connexion, I share the views on the work of the Committee and its Working Group which my distinguished predecessor expressed in the introductions to his Annual Reports in 1970 and 1971 as well as in his statement before this Committee on 1 April 1971. The Special Committee has now before it the latest resolution of the General Assembly on this question, namely, resolution 2835 (XXVT). In this resolution, the Assembly, while noting with regret that the mandate entrusted to it has not yet been fulfilled, has urged the Special Committee to accelerate its work. Further, in operative paragraph ^ of the resolution, the Assembly requested Member States to make available to the Committee before 15 March 1972, any views or suggestions which they may wish to submit to help its work. I have placed before the Committee in my note contained in document A/AC.121/L.13 and Add. 1, the communications from Member States so far received in response to the reques't of the Assembly to which I drew their attention in a note dated 1*4- January 1972. I am sure that the Committee, in discharging its tasks, will give due consideration to the documents to which I have drawn attention. While I share the regret and concern at the slow progress in reaching agreement on future guidelines, I recognize that the delicate and difficult issues that divide the Committee are not susceptible to easy or hasty solutions. They involve basic political and constitutional questions as well as practical considerations. It is necessary therefore that we should proceed in a pragmatic and sensible manner and with the determination to reach the necessary agreement .

(more) - 3 - Press Release SG/SM/1688 GA/PKA9 k May 1972

As Secretary-General, I have a special responsibility in relation to the work of this Committee. You will recall that this Committee was originally established in accordance with General Assembly resolution 2006 (XIX) after consultations between the President of the Assembly and the Secretary-General, The Secretary-General also participated actively in the negotiations which resulted in the consensus of 1 September 1965. The financial problems which then confronted the Organization are still unresolved. While I am continuing to seek short-term solutions to the financial difficulties of the Organization, a final solution will depend largely on the efforts of the Special Committee on the Financial Situation of the United Nations, established by the General Assembly at its twenty-sixth session. Success of your deliberations would undoubtedly facilitate the task of that Committee. I am confident that the distinguished members of this Committee, bearing in mind also the considerations to which I have referred, will begin their work this yea.r with a renewed determination to exert every possible effort and to explore every possible avenue to reach an understanding on the remaining issues and thus to present to the forthcoming session of the Assembly agreed and'workable guidelines for future peace-keeping operations. I wish to offer you my full support in your very difficult task, and to extend to you my best wishes for success in your endeavours.

Before concluding, I should like to refer to the question of the Chairmanship of your Committee,, You will recall that, at the first meeting of the Special Committee in 1971, held on 1 April, it was agreed that pending the conclusion of consultations concerning the election of a Chairman, the Committee should meet under the Chairmanship of the two Vice-Chairmen, who would alternate in the Chair. However, it was not possible for this matter to be settled during 1971. I had hoped that agreement en the Chairmanship of the Committee would be reached before the Committee embarked on its work in 1972. It is a matter for regret that no such agreement could be arrived at until now. I understand that, in the circumstances, there is no objection to the Committee beginning its work under the arrangement agreed upon last year. In this connexion, I should like to express the hope that in the best interests of the work of the Committee, it would be possible for you to reach agreement on this question without delay. I now invite Ambassador Cernik of Czechoslovakia, Vice-Chairman, to take the Chair. 8 May

Dear Bill,

The S.G. says yes to the first tvo requests for interviews, Mr. Kamei and Mr. Goldschmidt. Regarding the East German News Agency he would like to wait a little longer before making a decision. , /

Georg Hennig. S.G.-

/,two requests for interviews: / //_ I?- L, Mr/ Kamei of the Kyodo News Service. This is, I believe, the first request frora a Japanese correspondent. The Kyodo News Service is the largest agency in Japan,

2, ATY of Great Britain. This is the British commercial t,V. service. Mr. Goldschmidt

would come to New York in June or July at

your convenience to conduct the interview,

I would recommend your acceptance of both these requests,

I would also remind you of the request of the

.East German News Agency correspondent for an interview which he would like to use both in the press and on the Bast German Radio,

3 May 1972 Wm. C. THE KYODO NEWS SERVICE 50 ROCKEFELLER PLAZA NEW YORK, N. Y. 10020

JUDSON 6-0152 irnei S88X HEAD OFFICE: CHIEF of BUREAU 2 AKASAKA AOI-CHO TOKYO, JAPAN *ay 1, 1972

Mr. William G. Powell Deuuty Director Press & Publications Division The United Nations

Dear Mr. Powell, May I request a personal interview with Secretary- General Kurt Waldheim sometime, if possible, during this month of Kay? 1 feel that with the United Nations entering a new era since his appointment, the Secretary- General has a great deal to tell me about his goals and ambitions as the head of the world organization striving to enhance its status and prestige. Questions I would like to ask the Secretary-General, if I am allowed the nrivilage of an interview, are rough- ly threefold: (1) What are his philosophical views of international affairs with emphasis, of course, on the U.N. activities . (2) How does ha assess the present and future roles of Japan as a member of the United Nations? Are there any special facets of the activities in which Japan should be expected to participate vigorously above others? (3) What importance doas he attach to the forthcoming Human -Environment Conference in Stockholm? All these are matters that hold the interest of Japanese people. As is well known, Japan is the fifth largest contributer to the U.N. finance, and. with "rsnun- ciation of use or -threat of all forces as the means of solving international disputes" written into her national constitution Japan cannot but regard the United Nations as her alter ego. \ The Kyodo News Service, for which I work as the bureau chief of New York, is the\only major wire service of Japan, and as such, represents almost all daily newspapers, radio and television networks anid independent stations in Japan. I want to emphasize that ours is the only news organization in Japan that covers the U.N. affairs on a regular basis. I assign either one of our junior correspondents to a U.N. "briefing held at noon everyday. I hope that keeping all these in mind you will take the trouble to give me an opportunity of interviewing the Secretary General. Sincerely,

^c" Asahi Kamei Chief of Bureau Kyodo News Service AK/gsf

fc' - • Tftr + ASAHI KAMEI

CHIEF, NEW YORK BUREAU KYODO NEWS SERVICE /"•"- 5O ROCKEFELLER PLAZA

NEW YORK N Y. 1OO2O PHONE: 586- 0152 —' fc ATV Elstree Studios Eldon Avenue 'ATV Boreham Wood Herts Network telephone 01-953 6100 cables Ayteevee London W1 Limited telegrams Ayteevee Boreham Wood telex 923041 !' ...u I.'UF.

a subsidiary of Associated Television Co'porati:v Lin.itod

Mr. William Powell Room 378 United Nations New York 10th 1972

Dear Mr. Powell,

I am writing in reference to our telephone conversation during the middle of March about the proposed TV film profile of the United Nations Secretary General, Dr. Kurt Waldheim.

As I told you, we are proposing to make a one hour long 'special', which will not only be shown nationally on Independent Television in the U.K., but also distributed throughout the rest of the world.

Our aim is to make a sophisticated documentary about the Secretary General's activities within the confines of the United Nations Organisation in New York. This will require one long interview and subsequently filming of actual events during a few additional days.

You suggested that later in the year, the Secretary General would -b.e. back in New York and it may then be possible to.make the film. Could you therefore, let me have some dates so that we can plan ahead.

May I take this opportunity of thanking you for all your help so far. Yours sincerely,

"V JOHN ;OLDS£HMIDT PRODUCER/DIRECTOR