JANUARY, 1972 *EM$YLVANIA the^ Keystone State's Official 2^ nglerFfSHiNG BOATiNC Single Copy

Ice Fisi pne's flere Again page 6 VIEWPOINT 7* by ROBERT J. BIELO Executive Director

FAREWELL In past years 1 have used the January "Viewpoint" to present a few New Year's Resolutions. This year when the January ANGLER goes to press 1 will no longer be the Executive Director of the Pennsylvania Fish Com­ mission, thus this will be my last "Viewpoint" column. Looking back briefly I recall that my early days at the Linesville Hatchery convinced me that the work of the Fish Culturist is a combination of hard physical labor, the endurance of extremes of heat and cold and a "Mother's" constant concern over the complex needs of the delicate stock being nurtured. Service as a Waterways Patrolman opened my eyes to pollution and the terrible toll untreated wastes of all kinds were taking of our price­ less water resources. During this period 1 also had a chance to discover that while a few folks deliberately violated the laws established to protect our fisheries resources, most people willingly observed the laws and were genuinely interested in our fish and wildlife. Later as a Fishery Biologist this interest of growing numbers of Pennsylvanians in the sound management of our natural resources became much more evident, although just ten years ago public concern of outdoors affairs was but a fraction of what it is today. Items of prime concern then involved the many actions of man leading to siltation of our streams and to the seemingly endless schemes to channel all waterways, obliterating most na­ tural habitat for fish and other aquatic organisms. Finally, as Executive Director of the Commission there came the opportunity to try and do something about these many problems that had persisted through the years. I believe it is fair to say that in recent years we have made great strides to redevelop, improve, and expand our fish production facilities and to improve the lot of our dedicated Fish Culturists. Granted, much remains to be done, but the way has been cleared. I'm proud that we can point to the establishment of a thorough training pro­ gram for our Waterways Patrolmen. They are fully uniformed, possibly not as elaborately as other conservation agents, but adequately. Few states can boast of having a better fleet of waterway patrol vessels. Again, upgrading and improvement of training, of uniforms, of equipment and working conditions must be a continuing process to maintain this important unit of the Commission in top form. Few realize the extent of the Commission's acquisition program that has gained control of many major springs, numerous lake sites and dozens of access points on important fishing and boating waters. It is quite safe to say that the Commission's engineering force is second to none among the conservation agencies and is staffed and equipped to handle projects ranging from complex hatchery construction and design and construction of large dams, down to the routine act of servicing a remote access area. Our fishery management staff is still small and definitely needs expansion. Fortunately the men now manning this section of our fisheries unit all arc capable of accepting added responsibilities and of leading others in vitally essential fishery investigations and management work. On the administrative side of our operations, I have always believed it was better to have too few people on hand than too many. This philosophy has placed extra burdens on some, but has enabled development of a cohesive, hard working front office staff. To sum up twenty-one years of service in a few- paragraphs is difficult, as there seems so much to say. However, sum I must and in doing so I want to credit the success the Commission has achieved during my term as Director to the dedicated efforts of dozens of people in every unit of the organization. It must also be pointed out that many others outside the Commission have helped immeasurably in our success—the news media folks have been great—the Legislature has been generous—other state agencies have contributed much and as far back as I can re­ member, each Governor has frequently reached down to lend his helping hand when our struggles were getting too burdensome. Pennsylvania's sportsmen as organized groups and as individuals have always been a source of support and inspi­ ration to help us keep going. Thus, twenty-one years have flown by swiftly—filled with a mixture of hard work, excitement, moments of exhaus­ tion, a rare outrage at some action, the glow of achievement and, of course, some disappointments and failures. When summed up, these ingredients balance out as being totally rewarding. I'm very grateful for having had the Opportunity to serve the Fish Commission, its people and our sportsmen. PENNSYLVANIA EXECUTIVE OFFICE Executive Director VACANT Assistant to Director WARREN W. SINGER Promotions 6- Publications ANGLER GEORGE W. FORREST Information WILLARD T. JOHNS PENNSYLVANIA'S OFFICIAL FISHING AND BOATING MAGAZINE

Published Monthly by the Administrative Services PENNSYLVANIA FISH COMMISSION Director COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA RALPH PUTT Milton Shapp, Governor ^"agement Services Division HOWARD MILLER, Chief PENNSYLVANIA FISH COMMISSION Waterways p... Director CALVIN J. KERN, President Whitehall ^PT. CHARLES E. LEISING HOWARD R. HEINY, Vice-President Williamsport Walercraft Safety Division GERARD J. ADAMS Hawley DOUGLAS McWILLIAMS . . Bear Gap PAUL MARTIN, Chief MICHAEL MEAD Warren ROBERT M. RANKIN Galeton Law Enforcement Division CLARENCE DIETZ Bedford R. STANLEY SMITH ... Waynesburg HAROLD CORBIN, Chief FRANK E. MASLAND, JR Carlisle Heal Estate Division PAUL O'BRIEN, Chief Engineering & Fisheries JANUARY, 1972 «.,.,. Director EDWARD R. MILLER, P.E. WIT n .£.nBineer'nR Division Volume 41/Number 1 W r «,BERT F. HOBBS, P.E., Chief AD-ru, F'sneries Division 1HlJR »• BRADFORD, Chief IN THIS ISSUE % % • HATCHERIES 2 LEAKY BOOTS—Letters From Our Readers Trout Producli on KENNETH CORL, Chief 4 FISHING OUTLOOK—Stan Paulakovich Warmuiater Production 5 COMING— SHYRL HOOD, Chief 6 ICE FISHING—Tom Eggler KOBERT?°t£e,'a"',7<; Nurseries 8 READ THE WATER—L. James Bashline **r H. BROWN, Coordinator Su e 11 WHAT . . . SHALL WE NAME OUR CAMP?—Margery Evernden oeBellefnr,*uefotit . _ --•'""iienaeniP *inlendenis 12 PENNSYLVANIA'S MOST FAMOUS FISHERMAN—G. M. Farley §„e> Sp7inlor*l? Magaragel lty 14 MEASURING BOAT SPEED—Calvin A. DeViney r,S .—LeRqy E Lmesvin'^-Jed Dingle, Jr. fed Dingle, Jr. 16 WINTER ON THE ICE—Tom Eggler ^.L. Clark S'easant ii;,™/ Merriman 19 THE INVINCIBLE '13"—Ken Corl T?S-yn°l«isdM^^- charles Sanderson V>,nesta_S?~Warren Hammer 20 TYING—Chauncy K. Lively Wal«ut rv"a,ve Bierly 22 SEA BAG—Bob Miller Creek-Neii Shea Offices -«taJe Head

2 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER SUGGESTIONS Let me congratulate you on the bet­ terment of your magazine. It has im­ proved over the years; but let me make a suggestion or two. First, please keep Del & Lois Kerr as writers. I have saved practically all of their articles as they have given me more information as to fishing, camp­ ing and activities of my state than any other publication of your state. I have learned more as to places to fish, fa­ cilities of places to fish, and general information as to state parks and Fish Commission Lakes than any series of articles published. "ICE FISHING? I DON'T CARE TO FISH FOR ICE." Along with such as their articles I would like to see someone start a series of articles as to bodies of fishing lakes. Your opening of the pike season COMMENDABLE waters making no difference between is at the beginning of the bass breed­ During the past summer I worked State Park Lakes and Fish Commission ing season and disturbs the bass just as closely with Melvin Burris your fore­ Lakes. These articles should contain much as fishing for them would do man of the Tarentum Point Park Ac­ information as to fish available, size of and if the water is too cold the bass cess job. When a man does a good job lake, facilities of lake as to launching won't bite, so opening the season early he should be commended for his ef­ of boat, camping if permitted, and won't hurt. The middle of June, as the fort and in my dealings with Mr. Bur­ general information of lake as to hot weather is moving in, gives the ris I found him and his crew to be the depth, weed growth and other perti­ fisherman a poor chance. In fact, if hardest working and most cooperative nent information as to fishing. I know we have a late spring as to cold group of men I ever had the pleasure you have booklets giving some of this weather the bass are still on the nests, of associating with. It is commendable information but they do not have the so what is the gain of a late season? that with all of the criticism given in personal interest as individual articles CLAIR SCHOFIELD, Easton regard to public employees, this crew as to particular lakes would have, nor is a group that still gives better than a enough information to make it worth NETMAKING fair days' work for a fair days' wages. while to drive a couple hundred miles I commend you and the men of your to find out. In addition, there is too I read and enjoy all the articles in organization. the Angler, so keep it coming. much made of the fact that Park MICHAEL DAVIDEK, A reader in Canada wanted to know (State) Lakes and Fish Commission Vice President of Council of a book on net making and I am are different. To a fisherman it doesn't Borough of Tarentum make any difference who owns them sure other readers will want to try this or controls them as long as it is fish- easy hobby. able. I started with a catalog from: EEL FISHING I have been fishing ever since I was I would like to see all fishing sea­ Netcraft Co. a boy and I never caught any eel sons open all year! Here's why. First, 3101 Sylvania Avenue although I have always tried to until a breeding fish (bass) is in the vi­ Soledo, Ohio 43613 last year and my wife and I tried the cinity of 12 inches long and three or They list net making kits and sup­ Narrows bridge in Bedford, in the four years old. Why not make the size plies. Raystown branch of the Juniata River. limit of bass 12 inches and eliminate WALTER C. BIGHAM, Gettysburg I caught one there, but no more, so the catching of non-breeding fish? another one day we went fishing Who can be proud of catching one or where I had fished as a boy. As we even a limit of nine inch fish? Fishing "BARGAIN" were standing along the bank, looking •s not seeing how many fish you can Enclosed is my $5.00 for three into the water, my wife spotted an catch but the pleasure of catching fish. years of good reading in the Penn­ eel. It was! That evening we caught Second, the pickerel and walleye, sylvania Angler. Other than myself six or seven. From June to September musky and pike seasons open early. and my wife, I pass it on to my son we caught somewhere around 80. Who are we kidding? Many of those and daughter-in-law and two fine fishermen take home all the nice bass grandsons, and they cherish and read We find it very exciting, especially they catch. Many are fishing just as and enjoy it very much. Actually I when you catch two 30-inch eels on much for bass as anything else. call it a half price "bargain" in that the same line! You can ask for no more in fishing. And they are really good No lake has even been fished out it entails and services two families. eating. °y fishermen. Catching fish during Keep up the good work! "reeding season has never hurt our CHARLIE SKEEBEY, Williamsport MR. RAYMOND HARRIS, Bedford

J A N U A R Y-l 9 7 2 3 manner so you can find it the next trip. Drop a weight down to the bot­ FISHING tom before starting to see if you're in the right depth range. Pymatuning Lake in Western Penn­ OUTLOOK sylvania is one of the best Crappie By.. Stan Paulakovich lakes in the state. Generally shallow, 20 feet or so, it also has Blue Gills, fish that you have already caught (the Perch, Walleye and Musky to offer. ICE FISHING size of a minnow) artificial minnows, Wallenpaupack in Pike and Wayne Get your new fishing license yet? small metal jigs and spoons, meal counties has blue gill, perch, walleye, We have them in stock and they are worms and other bait also take some chain pickerel and trout as well as really beauties. They make nice pres­ fish jigging. Not with the consistency plenty of crappie. Ontelaunee Reser­ ents too, either to give or to get. of live minnows though. voir, the source of Readings' water When you talk about January fish­ Harold Corbin, Chief of Law En­ supply, is open to shoreline fishing ing, you've got to talk about fishing forcement for the Commission and his during the summer months. Being a through the ice. There's some open wife Mary are dedicated to ice fishing. waterfowl sanctuary it is closed to all water fishing now, but it's limited. It's never too cold or for them fishing from October 1 to December Way down the list of the fish that are to be out on the lake. They prefer 31. On January 1 it opens to ice fish­ most sought after in January are the catching the pan fishes like perch, ing and this makes plenty of areas ac­ black and white crappies. Good biters crappie, or blue gill. Over the years cessible that fishermen normally don't through the ice and excellent table they have made some interesting ob­ reach. Several spots are restricted fare, they offer plenty of excitement. servations and reached certain con­ zones on the lake and these are all Like any other kind of fishing, if clusions on ice fishing, especially about well posted. There are plenty of crap­ you're going to catch crappie, you've their favorite spot, Raystown Dam in pie here with blue gill, perch and an got to know where the fish are. You Huntingdon County. They find that occasional largemouth hitting through can chop or drill holes through the ice black crappie usually bite better dur­ the ice. There are also some monster until your arms feel like they are ready ing the daylight hours. White crappie northern pike in the lake too, to fall off and if you're not over fish, are better biters after dark. Out in Cambria County, Glendale you won't catch any. Here in Pennsylvania there are few Dam in Prince Gallitzin State Park During the winter months crappie night fishermen on the ice for crappie. is just starting to come into it's own frequent waters in the 10 to 15 foot Over in Ohio where crappie fishing is as a good crappie lake. The lake is range. They like plenty of cover, rock great sport, most of the fishing is done off Route 36 near the town of Patton ledges, brush piles, weed beds, boul­ after dark. The Corbins believe that and covers 1640 acres. Built in the ders, sunken logs or stumps are ideal. the amount of light in the water has early sixties, Glendale's deepest spot Because of the low water temperatures a lot to do with how readily the fish is around 40 feet. Average depths they don't move around much. Some hit. If the ice has a covering of snow range from 10 to 12 feet with plenty light and water with good oxygen con­ shovel it off in a circle to allow more of cover in the lake. tent and cover to protect them is what light to penetrate the ice. After dark, Last year's winter season was the they seek. Think back to last May Coleman lanterns are suspended from first real good one for fishermen who when you caught crappies at that cer­ poles about 5 feet over the ice. This concentrated on crappie. The fish tain stump or rock pile and you can helps too. They catch very few fish averaged 9 to 10 inches then, not bet that they will be back there now. below the 10 to 12 foot depth range huge, but just the right size for de­ The biggest mistake made in winter and they feel this is the deepest point licious eating. Live minnows on tip fishing for crappie is in the size of the in the water where light enters. At ups and jigging caught the most fish. bait used. You would think that if you the beginning, tip ups are set at all Some nice walleye, up to 27 inches, use bigger minnows, you will catch different depths. When several fish are and surprisingly quite a few large bigger crappie. It doesn't work that caught on one set, all tip ups are mouth bass were also caught. way. Big minnows don't catch any fished in this range. This is the depth The Slate Lick Arm, near the breast crappie. The choice size minnow is where jigging is done too. of the dam, was the hot spot last year from 1 to Wz inches long. These are When fishing through the ice with and should be good again now. Ice pretty delicate so use a small hook in tip ups or with a jigging rod, don't cover last year was between 20 to 24 fishing. Size 12 or 14 is good. When use that heavy 10 pound test cable inches. Bait shops normally close after the minnows are spent don't throw that comes with most outfits. Get your­ the fall season so bring along your own them away, save them. Jigging with self some nice limp 2 or 3 pound test bait. Waterways Patrolman Tony Mur- live minnows is best but sometimes the nylon and add just the tiniest of split awski, Box 32, Ebensburg 15931 fish are biting so well that even dead shot to keep the bait down. Fish don't phone 814-472-6180 says that if this ones work. get any dumber in the winter time. past summers' crappie fishing can be Don't be in any hurry. Up and When you do locate a good crappie used as an example then winter fish­ down 6 inches or so at a time is hole, get your tip ups set all in the ing in Glendale for crappie will be enough. Strips cut from the belly of same area. this spot in some out of this world this year.

4 P E N N S YLVANIA ANGLER COMING-

NEW LICENSES Now is the time when Pennsylvania fishermen will be needing new fishing licenses, at least if planning to do any fishing right away. The 1971 license expired with the end of the year. New licenses are on sale at issuing agents throughout the Commonwealth. Buy one for yourself—and one for a friend!

ICE FISHING This is the time for ice fishing and if you've never enjoyed it before now is the time to get started. A couple of stories in this issue feature ice fishing themes. Be sure to read Tom Eggler's "Ice Fishing" if you're new to the sport. It starts on the next page. And if you're just trying to get the "urge" to get out take a look at the photos on pages 16 and 17. And more is scheduled for February!

RECREATIONAL SHOWS Beginning late this month and running through February and into March, a number of shows will be held in major cities of Pennsylvania. They'll fea­ ture everything from the latest in ski boats to all sorts of tackle, rec vehicles and the like. Make plans to attend one, if possible. They're interesting!

BOATING SAFETY CLASSES If your interests are with boating or if you only use a boat as a fishing tool you should plan to attend one of the many Safe Boating Courses that will be held this winter. Pennsylvania Fish Commission officers as well as Coast Guard Auxiliary and U.S. Power Squadrons will be offering courses in safe boating. Even well informed boaters can benefit and newcomers to the sport should make every effort to attend. The lessons learned could easily help prevent an accident next summer.

FISHING SCHOOLS Experienced fishermen as well as beginners can enjoy as well as learn at one of the many Fishing Schools the Pennsylvania Fish Commission will be holding this winter. Most Waterways Patrolmen plan at least one school in their district during the winter and many hold several. Dyed in the wool trout fishermen can learn how to catch bass, muskies or other warmwater species as well as the reverse. Beginners can learn to catch everything!

J A N U A R Y-l 9 7 2 5 t Great Winter Sports

by Tom ICE FISHING Eggkr

What does a fisherman do when ice covers his favorite But more and more each year are discovering the fun lake? if ice fishing. It's not the sort of sport that appeals to Well some stay tucked up in a snug living room before a everyone and many, when first considering it, don't really favorite TV show. Others may putter around a home have much faith in being able to enjoy an hour, afternoon, shop or perhaps drift into one of the local pubs for con­ or day on some cold, windswept lake. versation with other idle ones. Many may even have been Perhaps that's why it's taken so many years for the sport bitten by the snowmobile bug and be romping through to really take hold-not just in Pennsylvania, but through­ the wilds on an expensive high powered machine while a out all snowbelt states as well. But the hardcore group of few who enjoy hunting as well will probably be feeding men who have enjoyed catching fish through the ice for game. years and years are being joined by an increasing number of newcomers who may at first have decided to try it as simple. Just bundle up in those warm clothes you care­ a diversion to a weekend afternoon of boredom and then fully selected and head for a popular ice fishing lake. discovered it a really great sport. Wander around and talk with some of the men on the ice There are a couple of golden rules to follow if you're (particularly those who have fish) and you'll be sur­ planning to give ice fishing a try for the first time. Paying prised at what you can learn. attention to each can mean the difference between fun or You can also visit a local tackle shop, but be sure to disappointment. pick out one that sells ice fishing gear. A tackle shop that First—absolutely first—dress for the weather. Don't plan doesn't sell ice fishing equipment probably won't be of on spending an enjoyable hour or more on a cold lake (or much value. In fact the best bet here is to pick out a store anywhere outdoors) if you're not wearing the right that depends entirely or at least to a great extent on out­ clothing. door gear as a main source of sales. And if the store is In this day and age the right clothing isn't hard to find. exclusively one dealing in fishing tackle so much the better. The growth of snowmobiling has focused a tremendous A shopkeeper who depends on repeat tackle sales will amount of attention on winter clothing, probably more probably know plenty about the sport. Many are sports­ than all other outdoor winter sports combined. Manufac­ men who became so engrossed with their outdoor ac­ turers, realizing the great need and market for truly ef­ tivities that they decided to make a living at it. Most will fective winter wear, have come up with a vast variety of have first hand experience and even if they don't get a clothing that will keep the outdoorsman comfortable, no chance to fish as much as they might like they will at matter what the weather. least know from conversations with other customers where Dressing properly is probably also the single most ex­ the action is as well as what terminal tackle is catching the pensive thing connected with ice fishing because, like fish. anything else, good quality products cost more money than Most will be very helpful in selecting the gear you need. poor ones. That doesn't mean it's necessary to buy the Like all retail business they of course depend on sales and most expensive boots, coats, underwear, pants or anything the more the better but very few will really try to overload else, but it does mean it probably isn't a good investment a newcomer with gear he doesn't need. After all they know to buy the cheapest products available, particularly if they that repeat business and happy customers can make or will see very much use. break them and most would probably rather see you come Of course the ice fisherman or prospective ice fisherman back again and again than oversell you the first time. who also snowmobiles, skiis, hunts, traps, camps, works, or Do remember one thing about buying ice fishing tackle spends anytime at all outdoors in the winter can get —it is probably the least expensive form of fishing for the 'multiple use" out of good garments that serve well for beginner. In fact much of the gear can either be made in several different activities. a simple home workshop or adapted from old gear used Golden rule number one then, is to very carefully select at other times of year. and shop for the clothing you'll be using. If you can't find some other ice fisherman or a good The second golden rule is to learn something about ice tackle shop to help you get started, then turn to another fishing. Like most sports, for a successful outcome it is source of information that should be included anyway. necessary to know how to play the game and win. Win­ Read! ning—catching fish—while ice fishing requires more than There are books on everything nowdays and ice fishing just wandering off to a nearby lake, cutting a hole in the is no exception. Likewise many outdoor magazines publish ice, and dropping one or another kind of bait in. story after story on ice fishing at this time of year. Some It doesn't always follow that the man who handles a will be about places to fish; others will be about how to ice fly or spinning rod well and who catches fish this way will fish. likewise be successful! when it comes to ice fishing. In one The "how-to" articles will probably be most helpfull to sense it's a different ballgame and that's probably why newcomers; the ones about places to fish may provide some many warm season fishermen just don't make out on the good clues on where to go, although no one in Pennsyl­ ice. They try playing the game by a set of rules that just vania should have to travel far to find good ice fishing. At weren't made for the ice fishing game. any rate the more you read, the more you should learn. There are a number of ways to learn how to be suc­ Read all you come across. cessful ice fishing, but probably one of the quickest is to Golden rule number two then, is to learn all you can locate another fisherman who knows his ice fishing well about the sport—one way or another—before you start. and then pump him for all the information you can. Most It's not the purpose of this article to tell you how or will be more than ready to do all they can to help which where to ice fish. Either is subject material for a story, or may well include taking a newcomer to the sport along for several of them. a first hand lesson. Just remember to get started right—dress warmly and Don't know any ice fishermen? The answer to that is learn all you can before heading for the nearest lake!

JANUAR Y-l 9 7 2 7 CATCH MORE FISH! READ THE WATER

by

L. James Bashline

There certainly is more to catching nice fish than luck. Part of the secret is knowing where to fish and the angler who pays careful attention to learning where fish are found usually won't get "skunked" too often.

8 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER prove this very quickly. Small stream trout are seldom found in the fast dancing water or slower shallow stretches between pools. Too much effort is required to maintain their position in the fast parts and they are vulnerable to their enemies. Food does not congregate there nor do they have a hiding place. Look for trout in the deeper pockets near submerged rocks, logs and other obstructions. When surface food is obvious such as may­ flies, stoneflies or grasshoppers they will move a distance away from the hiding places but not always. If you've not done a little chumming with grasshoppers by all means give it a try. Don't show your silhouette and toss a grasshopper into a likely looking pool. If you're positioned so you can watch the proceedings, you'll frequently see a blur of motion come out from under a rock or log and the grasshopper vanishes with a . If the water is clear and the light is right you'll see the trout return to ex­ People are traveling more these days. And since fisher­ actly the same hiding place to swallow his prize. He's not men are people it follows that more anglers are finding going to dally around out there in open water and wait themselves on unfamiliar water. for some other fish to take his meal away from him nor Most people who are also fishermen carry some tackle does he want a blue snapping him up for his dinner. in their autos if they travel by that method. These same If the pool is a long one expect to find the smaller fish travelers, if they are trout fishermen, have a fine oppor­ at the head of the pool and the better fish at the tail end. tunity to sample some streams that they know little or Experience has taught the older, wiser fish that they'd bet­ nothing about. Occasionally they luck into some out­ ter get a good look at what's floating down before they standing successes but more often the stop-and-fish-awhile grab it. The younger, more careless fish will position them­ technique produces nothing. selves at the head of the pool to seize whatever the cur­ That's not the case with a good friend of mine who rent provides. This positioning of fish is what causes most happens to be on the road during most of the fishing of us to catch the smaller fish and frequently miss out on season. He grew up in southern New York state just a the bigger ones. It is an almost uncontrollable urge to cast whisker north of Pennsylvania and it must be admitted to the head end of a pool rather than work out the lower that he had a childhood full of trout fishing experiences. reaches first. The snazzy cast that we make to the spark­ He catches trout just about everywhere he visits in our ling water at the head of the pool is the very cast that state and the chief reason for his outstanding success is spooks the "big daddy" that's hanging just to the left or his ability to read the water. right of the tail water. If there are trout in a given stream he can usually Occasionally you will find a good fish in a fast run but figure just about where they ought to be at a given time. invariably he'll be positioned behind or just in front of The ability to read the water is not a divine gift be­ some obstruction. Eight inches seems to be about the magic stowed upon Indian guides, young boys or bald octo­ figure for trout holding depth although I have no scientific genarians who sit around courthouse benches telling us evidence to back this up. It just seems that way after thirty how great it used to be when they were lads. We can do years to small stream fishing. My salesman friend agrees it, yes . . . even you and I, if we learn a few basics and except during very low water conditions during the late then apply them. summer when the trout of necessity will be congregated in Anyone with a reasonable amount of coordination can the deepest holes available. As a general rule look for trout learn to cast a fly well enough to catch trout. Really fine in a small stream at places having eight inches or more tackle is available at modest prices today and fishing water cover and no more than six feet away from a secure technique is dished out to us in copius amounts each month hiding place. Sounds relatively simple on paper but only in the outdoor magazines (including this one). The dif­ practice walking along strange streams will give that in- ference in creel contents when comparing yours with my service training that breeds proficiency. What a wonderful traveling salesman's lies in his ability to read the water. way to learn! He learned his lessons on the tiny brook trout streams of BIGGER WATERS northern Pennsylvania many years ago and they stuck with him. Most of those same lessons still apply no matter On the larger streams and rivers the situation becomes where he happens to string up a rod. Trout are no smarter slightly more complicated because of the greater volume than they used to be. They are still being fooled by the of water. Larger fish will still be not far from a good sized same tricks that worked 50 or 100 years ago. pool or other good hiding place but they can be a bit further away because the greater depth offers them more THE SMALL STREAM OR BROOK time to escape. (An osprey has a much more difficult time All trout are concerned with four things only. Eating, seizing a trout in three feet of water than he does in three reproducing, finding a suitable water temperature and inches.) hiding from enemies. A walk beside a small brook can continued next page

JANUAR Y-l 9 7 2 9 continued from previous page not to stick your head above the tallest shrub. What you're trying to avoid is the outline of your profile against the sky. In all water depths look for the places fast water butts READ THE WATER up against still or slow water. A depression in the stream Out in the middle of a long slick glide, the trout will bed will sometimes cause an isolated eddy to form in the almost invariably be found near submerged rocks or other center of a reasonably fast stretch of water. Right where objects offering a quick escape. They will usually lie just the rippling water meets the quiet pocket is an excellent ahead of or behind such obstructions because this gives place to cast. If a good hatch is on, watch such places them one less direction to worry about. Nothing is going carefully. The rise of even a large fish will seldom make to capture them by coming through that rock! Aha! This much of a splash in locations like this. The fish rests in the flaw in the trout's reasoning can work to the stream reader's quiet water and merely turns his head into the current advantage. to pick off the hapless insect that comes floating by. This If you can keep something between you and the fish's is a made to order situation for the dry fly caster since line of vision and still manage a cast, you are one jump the broken water will diffuse his outline and if his pattern ahead of the game. A bush, a tree trunk, a large rock . . . is right, the fish will frequently take the fly with a positive anything that's convenient will serve the purpose. If noth­ gulp. ing is available to hide behind, try to take advantage of On the long rippling stretches, watch water color very your background. Wear neutral colored clothing and tiy carefully. No matter what the bottom is like, the deeper water pockets will appear to be much darker than the surrounding water. Salmon fishermen learn that trick early in life or they don't catch many salmon. Trout fishermen would do well to copy them. Concentrate on these pockets when you're just fishing the water and return to them when the evening rise begins. Odds are, that is where the trout will be hopping. There are many special situations that the traveling fisherman will encounter that will tax all his skill. I once fished a stream in McKean County, for example, that pro­ duced fish only on the west bank. Many of the better looking pockets (I was attempting to read the stream) were on the east shore but I couldn't get a tumble. Luckily, I found out what the reason was before I had to leave. A spring run was dumping into the creek about a quarter mile upstream and the cool flume of water was following At position A the trout behind the rock in the left illustration above feels a measure of security and will stick pretty close to such an ob­ the west bank for some distance down stream before it struction in a small stream. Water to the left and right of the large stone is usually too shallow to hold a fish. Just below the log which forms mixed completely with the regular stream temperature. a small waterfall (at position B), small trout congregate to pick up the food coming over. The undercut bank at position C is in slack water and This was in late August and the more comfortable water can hold a good fish. The right way to fish for him is to dap the fly or bait over the grass. The best fish in the pool at position D must be cast was on the west bank ... so that's where the trout were. to (cautiously) from the far side of the stream. Below is a side or profile view of the same section of stream as shown above left. In the larger Fascinating, this trout fishing game. I hope it always streams (above right) look for the darker colored water. This usually will continue to be so. When the visiting fisherman (you, means a deep pocket. Fish these areas with more care than the shallow water in between. The fish at position A and just below the sunken rock in this case) makes the right analysis on a strange section wing dam at position C can best be reached with an upstream cast while the fish behind the boulder at position B can best be coaxed out with a of water, savor the moment. You have read the water, done downstream approach. When a good hatch of flies is on the surface, the fish at A and B will sometimes move into the shallow water to the left or a few other things right and, for the moment at least, you right of their resting places. They will always return to their hiding places when hooked or when surface activity ceases. have once again proven that man is as clever as a trout.

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10 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER WHAT. . . by Margery Evernden Shall We M Our Camp?

"What shall we name our camp? Animals are legion, though owners' viewpoints seem to To our shame the question goes unanswered. vary. Boastful "Camp Bucko" and "Big Buck" are just For ten years we have enjoyed our snug hideaway on the down the road from the wry hunters at "Camp Pass the Upper Allegheny, sharing the neighborhood with squirrels, Buck". "Deer Haven" and "Fawn View" may be only grinnies", rabbits, possums, visiting deer and even an oc­ lures for unwary hoofers. "Camp Bruin" and "Camp casional black bear. Still no christening is scheduled. No Beaver" are clearly native, though "Bull Dog" is not and name has seemed adequate or right. "Rose Bud" seems more appropriate for a suburban cottage. Other owners appear to share our problem, though Other names are pleasantly moody. "Camp Smoke" ig­ some shrug if off. One river-side camp I've noticed bears nores pollution. "Camp Clouds" sounds great for dreamy the sign "Unamit". A cop-out, for certain! Another is la­ relaxation. So, also, "Lazee Daze". beled "Camp What". "R Camp", appearing frequently, is The last name may, of course, belong not to my list of hardly more inspired. nature names but to that most intriguing category of all— Fortunately for those of us who spend leisurely and in­ the punny signs. quisitive hours on our forest roads and rivers, many camp Some puns are easily deciphered. "Doc's Inn" is no puz­ owners display far livelier imaginations and/or civic pride. zle with its silhouette of a weiner dog. "Met-Chu-Inn" is Collecting camp names has become for me an intriguing clear enough, its carniverous owner more cheerfully opti­ hobby. mistic than the stray fishermen who camp nearby under the Some names I note are frankly patriotic. "Liberty Dell" disconsolate signs of "Camp Cant Catchem" and "U Ket- lings a bell for Pennsylvanians, as does "The Keystone". chum". "Der-Hut" also qualifies as obvious. And "Earl-y's "Steel City" needs no interpretation. "Ligonier" is a re­ Birds". minder of that lovely Westmoreland County town. "Bimber But "Tilicum"? I had to say that one aloud. The same Lodge" is proudly local, situated on the banks of Bimber for "Camp Tokumto". To appreciate "Tidi-inn" I remind Run near Bimber Corners! myself that it is located near the village of Tidioute! A Other camps honor their owners. "Donna's Dump", a few puns I've not yet unraveled and so choose not to share. trifle glum, is balanced by "Mark's Mansion". I would ex­ Mood names constitute my final category. pect Irish wit by the fire with "Pat and Peg", as also at Though "Hard Luck" looks sadly accurate, some of these "Merry Mac's". "Abe and Babe" sound practical and names are modest, under-stated. "Camp Dale", "Camp down-to-earth, "Camp Mari-Ann" primly proper. "Chubby's Retreat", "Camp Pleasant" "The Kozy", "The Happy Camp" promises good eating. "The 7 P's" with friends and Hour", "The Echo", though inviting, are surely not owned relations must overflow their camp. by ad-men. Some names are obvious concoctions. Despite its Indian "Blarney Castle" is more hard sell, as is "Hell's a Fire" overtones, "Mapasabi Lodge" uses, so I would guess, the —if you've a taste for flames. Others are frankly prideful. syllables of family names, with "Ma" at the head of the list. No one could ask for more than "Paradise"—or "Polack Ed and Dora have opted for the brief but lilting "Edora". Heaven". 'Wilmar" is surely so contrived. But wait . . . Probably the largest number of names have been in­ spired by nature. "Chedabe Pines", "Pinehurst", "Pine- Just this week by a tiny, tree-shaded house, cuddled on Wood", "Circle Pine", "Knotty Pines", not to speak of "Twin a knoll above the river, I saw a sign lettered "Tapawingo". Pines", "Broken Pine", "Pine Haven", "Ponderosa" and In this harried world surely the ultimate claim! "Tapa­ 'Hemlock Lodge", all ring the change on the evergreens. wingo"—the Red man's word for "Place of Peace"! Deciduous trees appear to get less attention, but I have Come to think of it, maybe we'll schedule a camp noticed among others "Red Oak Lane" and "Camp Acorn", christening, after all. Where could we find a better Clear Aspen", "Camp Elm" and "Locust Grove", name?

JANUAR Y-l 9 7 2 11 PENNSYLVANIA'S MOST FAMOUS FISHERMAN

Around the turn of this century two young men dis­ While fishing one warm summer day in 1900, they met covered a beautiful river in the rolling hills of eastern some girls, and after a five year courtship Dr. Grey married Pennsylvania. One was a struggling dentist; the other a one of them. Her name was Lina Elise Roth, but she be­ baseball player. They both loved fishing, canoeing and came better known as "Dolly." the outdoors. Most of their spare time was spent fishing in In 1902 Zane Grey's first story, "A Day on the Dela­ the Delaware River, which forms part of the boundary be­ ware," was published. He decided to write a book and tween Pennsylvania and New York. chose for his subject the story of his great, great aunt. The dentist was Dr. Zane Grey who had an office at 100 The book Betty Zane was published in 1903. Two years West 74th street in New York City. The other fisherman later, following their marriage, Zane and Dolly purchased was his brother Romer "R.C." Grey. Their favorite spot what became known as "Cottage Point" at Lackawaxen was the confluence of the Delaware and Lackawaxen and Dr. Grey gave up his dental practice to devote his Rivers. full time to writing. The next few years were filled with hard work and keen disappointments. Several stories and articles found their way into print, but they did not bring success. A couple of boys' books and two more books about the Ohio Valley settlers found small publishers. These gained less than moderate success. Then Zane Grey was introduced to Buffalo Jones, made a trip to the Grand Canyon to rope lions, and returned to write of this won­ derful land he had visited. The rest is literary history. With the success of The Heritage of the Desert and Riders of the Purple Sage, Zane Grey purchased Romer's home at Lackawaxen and began to build onto it. It is still there today, The Zane Grey Inn, serving the needs of fish­ ermen, tourists and Zane Grey enthusiasts. In his spare time the aspiring writer fished the Delaware, the Lackawaxen and nearby Mast Hope Brook. There he perfected the style he had started as a boy in the Muskin­ gum River at Zanesville, Ohio.

by G. M. Farley

sS&Kfcid^SSSliSir if^**iTfrnfTWr-' v-'j^a*.-^" • •.-_•,•ji-,v.".-^-*«aatoi* 3H55"J»5^ iMa'V »IH1YIM ' '"» •*.!*:• In Grey's time Lackawaxen could only be reached by In 1924 Grey returned to Nova Scotia to fullfill a long rail or perhaps a trail through the beautiful, templed time dream. He purchased a large three-master schooner, Pennsylvania mountains. Today New York Route 97 and renamed it Fisherman, and had her reconditioned at a Pennsylvania Route 590 meet at Lackawaxen. Every sum­ cost of forty-thousand dollars, more than twice the pur­ mer hundreds of people visit Zane Grey's old home and chase price. The first cruise was to the Galapagos Islands hundreds more fish the Delaware's waters—many of them via the Cocos Islands. The waters surrounding the Cocos never realizing the fame ultimately gained as an angler Islands were so shark infested that they finally hauled by the man who had such a humble beginning. anchor and sailed on to explore and fish the Galapagos. Dolly Grey had inherited a sum of money, and Zane Here they met with better success, even catching new made a little from his writing in the early days. Somehow species of fish. he managed to make periodic trips to Long Key, Florida Zane Grey did not permit his fishing to interfere with with R.C. They caught sail fish in the Gulf Stream, tar­ earning his livelihood, in fact it supplemented it by maga­ pon in the rivers of the Everglades and helped pioneer zine sales of his experiences. He would rise early, some­ the art of bonefishing. Zane traveled down the Santa times hours before anyone else, and work on his stories Rosa, an unexplored Mexican river, and fished off the and books. No one was permitted to disturb him during coasts of Yucatan, Nassau, and Cuba. But always he re­ his writing sessions. Then after breakfast, he would fish. turned to the Delaware. The waters of beautiful Tahiti felt the impact of his Then he met fame and fortune and began to cross the Waltonian talents. Here he hooked and landed, after con­ continent to fish for tuna and swordfish off California's siderable battle, a giant Tahitian striped weighing Catalina Island. He also fished off the eastern coast of the 1,040 pounds. Actually it weighed more but sharks got to United States, and eventually went to Nova Scotia where the fish before it could be landed and chewed off a few he caught the world's record tuna. He wrote about this hundred pounds rendering it unacceptable for a record. exploit in his book Tales of Swordfish and Tuna. It was here also that he caught and named the silver Mar­ Grey bought a home in Middletown, New York, at 101 lin, a new species. He became so enhanced with Tahiti South Street and divided his time between there and Lack­ that he purchased land and built a cottage. awaxen until 1918 when he moved his family to California. As his fame as a writer of western stories grew so did Eventually he bought a large house at 396 East Mariposa his fame as a fisherman. New Zealand and Australia pre­ Street, Altadena, California. This home was only recently vailed upon him to fish their waters. The publicity would sold by Zane Grey, Inc. do more for them than all of their chambers of commerce From here Zane Grey could pursue his passion. He fished combined. Grey availed himself of these opportunities and the Pacific and went north to the rivers of Oregon, Wash­ again broke records by landing a 1,036 pound tiger shark ington, and Vancouver Island. His fame as a fisherman on rod and reel. He wrote books about these ventures, spread, mostly from the articles he wrote for such maga­ which today are rare collector's items. zines as "Field and Stream." His name on the front of any It was during his Australian sojourn that Zane Grey magazines meant added sales. He became a world famous wrote a story especially for the Australian movie industry figure, his name a household word. and then played the starring role in the picture. The movie Then he began to break the big game fishing records was called "White Death" and was the story of a mon­ and newspapers carried the pictures and stories. At one strous white shark that terrorized the people and killed time or another, he held all of the big game fishing records, several. Zane Grey's help is sought in ridding the Australi­ and at least one still stands today. an waters of this menace. Grey fished unsuccessfully for days for such a fish, and eventually did the battle with a specially made rubber shark. It was a comedy and accord­ ing to Australian reviews, achieved the desired end. Grey also wrote another story for the Australian movies. It starred Victor Jory and was titled "Rangle River." In 1937 while fishing Oregon's Umpqua River, Zane Grey had a heart attack which left him totally paralyzed for some time. He continued to dictate stories and gradual­ ly the paralysis left until he was able to write and fish again. Doctors urged him to take it easy, but he had al­ ways held to the belief that strenuous labor induced good health. On the morning of October 23, 1939, Zane Grey suffered another attack and died at his Altadena home. Dolly Grey made the simple entry in her diary: "Z. G. died this morning at seven-thirty A.M." Although Grey reached the peak of his popularity in the 1920's, his fame did not suffer greatly after his death. Sis books continued to sell and new books were published yearly, except for one year, until 1963 when Boulder Dam depleted the stock of Zane Grey westerns. One by one his continued on page 18

13 Speeding along a Pennsylvania waterway can be a lot of fun, but didn't you ever wonder just how fast you were going? A little calculation by this method will help you find out. New Method for MEASURING by Calvin A. DeViney BOAT SPEED

Here's a short cut method that will enable you to time ers, divide the seconds into 1,350, and obtain speed. your powerboat's speed. It utilizes waterway markers Well, there is just such a ruler. It's the three-sided such as pilings and buoys, and the Coast Guard assures draftsman's scale you can find in some dime stores and in us that these charted locations are sufficiently accurate for almost all office supply stores. all practical purposes. The 20 unit-per-inch scale matches the 1:40,000 scale First, throw out all your old ideas about measuring dis­ of waterway charts. The nautical mile on the chart is 3.6 tances. Learn to think of distances in terms of time. Think units long on this ruler. Allow 100 seconds per ruler incre­ of a mile as being 3,600 seconds "long." ment, and you measure a mile at 3,600 seconds! If you run a mile, then divide the required seconds for You must interpolate by eye in between, but you can the run into 3,600, you have your speed in one simple use the 40 scale on the ruler to help you, and errors computation. shouldn't exceed more than ten seconds. For a boat in the It doesn't matter how you measure the mile. If it's a 30-knot speed range, measured over a half-mile, a ten nautical mile, speed is in knots. If it's a statute mile, speed second error means a mistake in computing speed of less is in statute miles per hour. Just divide seconds required than two-tenths of a knot. for the run into 3,600 in either case. Use this ruler, on 1:40,000 scale waterway charts, to Obviously, if a mile is 3,600 seconds long, then a half- measure the distance—in terms of seconds—between any mile is 1,800 seconds—and so on. Unhappily, waterway two handy markers. Make them at least a quarter-mile markers aren't located at such convenient distances. apart. Run both ways, compute speeds, average speeds But what if you had a special ruler measuring miles in (not time) to allow for wind and current effects. terms of seconds? If two convenient markers on a straight It's an easy way to make up a tachometer table of stretch of waterway measured, say, 1,350 seconds apart speeds at various rpm. A fast method too. then you've already done half the complex math going into Measuring distances in terms of time is such a simple, normal, conventional methods. useful gimmick, that maybe the Geodetic Survey will Just time your run in seconds between those two mark­ print a time-distance scale on their waterway charts some-

14 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER Nautical Miles

A draftsman's ruler measures 3,600 second nautical mile on the 1:40,000 scale chart exactly as shown in photo above.

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With the twenty scale on the draftsman's ruler, it's 1,300 seconds A slide rule quickly masters tough mathematical problems when from marker "99" to marker "97," or from marker "99" to properly used. Slide 150 under 3,600 and find answer above B marker "95" it's about 3,000 seconds. scale one.

day. If they did, you wouldn't even have to buy the ruler. problem. Thus, 3.6 can be 36 or .36, and just as easily can All you would need would be the chart, and a pair of be 360 or 3,600. dividers to measure distances in terms of seconds. To simplify the use of a slide rule in determining speeds, Now this novel and simple system for timing a boat's think of the A scale as the measured distance in terms speed between waterway markers has taken most of the of seconds or time-and one mile is 3,600 seconds "long." Work out of it, except for the problem in long division that If you time your run over a measured mile, use that is involved in the computation. This mild brain-strain can figure on the scale. Let's say it takes you 150 seconds to also be simplified by buying a mathematical aid where you run a nautical mile. bought the draftsman's ruler. Put the 1.5 on the B scale (which means 150; under It's a cheap, plastic slide rule. And if you start with the the 3.6 on the A scale (which means 3,600) and read your simple kind, it needn't be frightening. What's more, the speed in knots above the nearest "1" on the B scale. small ones fit nicely in a pocket as do the smaller rulers. The illustration makes it clear. The problem is written The slide rules come with an instruction and are above the "smart stick". Divide 150 into 3,600 by follow­ easily mastered, but these few words may be helpful. ing the directions above, and you can find the answer— Start using the A and B scales at the top of the ruler. 24 knots—above the B scale No. 1, which is very close to After you've acquired some experience, you can obtain the left-hand thumb in the photo. Practice makes perfect. better accuracy with the C and D scales—but they take a You interpolate by eye for numbers between the rule little juggling. increments, but accuracy won't be seriously affected. The trick to using a slide rule is to just remember that With a draftsman's ruler, as explained, and a cheap you mentally insert zeroes and decimal points to suit your slide rule, you can easily compute boat speed at any rpm.

J A N U A R Y-l 9 7 2 15 WINTER

16 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER

w **£-^£- ICE photos by TOM EGGLER

A visit to any ice covered Pennsylvania lake within the next few weeks should turn up hundreds of scenes like these—fishermen hard $y w % at fun—ice fishing. You can isolate yourself :¥ ^_jj_.—-•». by heading off to some far off corner of the lake or you can spend the day socializing with others who enjoy "membership" in the "club." Just show up every weekend on some popular lake. No amount of words or pictures can tell you what it's really like. There's only one way to find out. Try it and become a part of the picture!

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EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT continued from page 13 fishing records were broken with the advent of better equipment. Not only did Zane Grey introduce new meth­ PENNSYLVANIA'S ods of fishing but he taught a true, pure spirit of fishing by releasing a large percentage of the fish he caught. MOST FAMOUS FISHERMAN Today, as the 100th anniversary of his birth nears, there is a marked resurgence of interest in Zane Grey. A Zane Grey postage stamp is on the agenda for January, 1972, and in October, 1971, the Marlin Firearm Company is releasing "The Zane Grey Century," a beautiful 30-30 calibre rifle commemorating the anniversary. A fanzine called "The Zane Grey Collector" is published quarterly, and the "Zane Grey Western Magazine" is published bi­ monthly. Three different publishers reprint his novels regularly and ground has been broken near the city of his birth, Zanesville, Ohio, for the Zane Grey-National Road Museum. Although Zane Grey traveled to many strange and ex­ otic places he never forgot the land and the home where he struggled so hard for his place in the sun. He wrote: "The Delaware wound through a picturesque mountain region, where forests abounded with game and the streams with fish. Here I had the first happy times since childhood; and I had them despite the lack of money or the encour­ agement of recognition." He was making plans to return to Lackawaxen when death overtook him. Today his remains rest beside his beloved Dolly on the shore of the Delaware River. The river murmurs softly by and the forest covered hills he loved look down on the simple headstone marking the graves. The unquenchable memory remains.

two falling toward shore. The thrashing victim went under SAFE (?) BOATING before he could be reached by his friends. Later investiga­ tion revealed the victim had engaged in heavy drinking in retrospect that day and that there were no Personal Flotation Devices in the canoe. This was the THIRTEENTH FATALITY on ERIE COUNTY FATALITY a craft not required to carry "PFD's" by law this year! On 7 August, 1971, at Point on Thompson Bay off DELAWARE COUNTY FATALITY Presque Isle, about ten people were engaged in a party aboard a 25 foot cabin cruiser. The gaiety was interrupted Flooding of Chester Creek on 13 September, 1971 set when one of the men decided to go for a swim. On that the stage for this tragic boating accident which claimed note, he dove from the boat into the water. The others the lives of four people. A grossly overloaded (nine per­ saw him lying down in the water and thought it was a sons on board) and unequipped, 16 foot aluminum, Fire joke. The only joke was the one foot depth of the water Company Rescue Craft was carried out of control by a he dove intol The victim was pronounced dead on 13, strong current while proceeding down one of the flooded August, 1971. Cause of Death: cervical spine and brain streets in the area. The boat collided with a Traffic Light damage. Pole which caused the eventual flooding and capsizing of the craft. Two passengers in this craft drowned as a result BUTLER COUNTY FATALITY of this boating fiasco, and two would-be rescuers from On 19 August, 1971, three men were proceeding south shore also met death while attempting to aid those in the on Slippery Rock Creek in a canoe. The victim, sitting distressed boat. Only the deaths of the two passengers in amidship, attempted to change positions in the canoe. The the boat are considered as Boating Fatality Statistics but craft capsized and all three men were thrown overboard. the other two people are also statistics as a result of un­ The victim fell in toward center stream with the other safe boating practices . . . DEAD STATISTICS!

18 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER The Invincible "13" by Ken Corl, Chief, Trout Production

Photos—Stan Paulakovich

The number 13 in most respects is a superstitious figure, destined to bring ill fortune to those related to it. We're going to turn the tables on this myth and prove otherwise. The Reynoldsdale hatchery lies at the base of one of many rolling hills in East St. Clair Township in Bedford County. The springs which supply this hatchery do not vary. They flow from the earth with 13 hundred gallons All that's missing here is an old pot-bellied stove in this lunch per minute of clear, cool 50 degree water of high quality. break scene. Their flow is constant in both temperature and volume summer and winter. This makes Reynoldsdale one of the intendent, Warren Hammer this crew built a lighthouse. most efficient fish producing stations in the world. In fish culture, a lighthouse is a covered pond or series Many moons have come and gone since Reynoldsdale of tanks where brood trout are held. Lights inside are con­ hatchery was established. Built in 1928 as a fingerling sta­ trolled electronically and by gradually lengthening and tion it has since grown in size and stature. The ponds and then gradually shortening the amount of light inside these raceways were carved out of a beautiful green lawn. These lighthouses, the Trout are induced to spawn in 8 months holding areas are capable of rearing thousands of adult rather than the normal 12 months. This means we have an Trout. As a matter of fact, for the past decade, this sta­ extra 4 months to raise these fish before they are stocked. tion has produced in excess of 60 tons of Trout per year. This in reality nets the hatchery another crop of Trout 1971 was a banner year for the complement of 13 em­ and provides larger fish for Pennsylvania anglers. The ployees. Over 70 tons of Brook, Brown, Rainbow and Pal- crew at Reynoldsdale take and fertilize about 3,000,000 amino Trout departed the hatchery last season. Trout eggs annually. These eggs provide the hatchery with Behind the scenes lies a great deal of pride and per­ their growing stock. An additional 375,000 fry are shipped severance among these 13 employees. The combined years each year to our many co-operative nurseries throughout of service of all of these men average out to 25.2 years of the state. Tens of thousands of fingerlings are also shipped experience. To operate this hatchery much recirculation to other state hatcheries to be raised to stockable sizes. and re-aeration of the water is necessary. Under such con­ If you have never been there, the Pennsylvania Fish ditions a large number of pumps are in use. Mechanical Commission invites you to enjoy a visit to this spacious, failure is an ever-present threat, but should it develop, any well kept station. Visiting hours are from 8:00 A.M. to one of these employees would be willing to come out and 5:00 P.M. daily. While you are there, feel free to ask any assist a fellow worker on a moments notice. Cooperation is questions about the operation of any member of "The a noticeable attribute of these men. Invincible Thirteen". You'll soon see that like Old Man Three years ago with the able assistance of their super- River . . . "they just keep rolling along."

Superintendent Warren Hammer becomes "one of the boys" at Workers seine trout for transfer to other holding areas. egg-taking time.

J A N U A R Y-l 9 7 2 19 FLY TYING—

Chauncy L. Lively

THE GIANT STONEFLY

On some of the large trout streams release their eggs while swimming The Egg-Laying Stonefly pattern in the West the major dry-fly excite­ across and upstream, wildly fluttering we are tying this month is a dry fly ment is caused by the so-called 'Sal­ their outstretched wings and leaving made almost entirely of hollow deer mon Fly' or 'Willow Fly' hatches. a V-wake behind. The response by a body hair. It is designed for maximum These are flights of enormous stone- big trout to such a performance is flotation, necessarily so because it flies, some of which measure two often a crashing, shattering rise, the must be agitated to simulate the flut­ inches or more in length, and when likes of which can leave the by-stand­ tering commotion made by the ovi­ they are on the water some of the ing angler in a trembling state of anti­ positing females. Although stoneflies largest trout in the stream surface- cipation. are four-winged insects the two flared feed with a fury seldom seen when From an angling standpoint the hair wings of the artificial are sufficient mayflies are on the water. presence of flies as large as Pteron­ to simulate the spread-wing posture of The big stoneflies belong to the gen­ arcys can only be significant when the natural fly on the water. As a night us Pteronarcys and although they are large trout are present in the stream fly the pattern should be tied in sizes best known to fishermen in the West and are willing to feed upon the big #6 to #10, on long shank hooks. Mus- they are also present on many of our insects. This would appear to negate tad's #94832, with its 2x long shank eastern streams. In the East their com­ the sporting possibilities of these flies and 2x fine wire, is a good hook for mon habitat is in slower water than on the little headwater mountain this purpose. And as in most night that commonly associated with the brooks, where small brook trout are fishing, the leader should be stouter flat stonefly nymphs of Perla and Ac- the principal occupants. Fortunately, than those normally used in daylight roneuria, both of which prefer fast, however, Pteronarcys also appears in for the rise of a large trout is often well-aerated water. Pteronarcys good numbers on some of our large, much more forceful under cover of nymphs like the cold, clear headwaters spring-fed streams which contain big darkness. of upland spring brooks and their brown trout. Penn's Creek gets a good In addition to fishing the Egg-Lay­ principal diet is decaying vegetation. showing of the giant stoneflies around ing Stonefly when the giant Pteron­ They can often be found on the up­ mid-June and knowledgeable anglers arcys is on the water, there is a secon­ stream side of submerged logs, where are well-acquainted with them. They dary use of the pattern which permits silt and debris collect. The nymphs were once plentiful on the East daytime fishing. Late in the regular are very dark in coloration and robust, Branch of the Delaware River in New trout season and on warm days during lacking the flatness so characteristic York but it is reported that ecological the extended fall season the big, fully of the riffle-dwelling nymphs. They changes have brought about their matured grasshoppers are active. are often called 'Curlers' because of near-extinction on that watershed. When they get on the water they of­ their habit of rolling up into a ball Unlike its western cousins, whose ten flail the surface with their wings when disturbed. egg-laying flights occur during day­ and float with wings extended. Then Like most stoneflies, the adults of light hours, the Pteronarcys of the a size #10 Egg-Laying Stonefly be­ Pteronarcys offer scant opportunity for East is mainly nocturnal. There are comes a 'hopper imitation and with it dry fly fishing on emergence. But the occasional exceptions, when it appears I have caught some fine autumn trout. return of the females to lay their eggs in late afternoon on dark, overcast Meadow streams are particularly good on the water is quite another matter days, but most of the fishing to the prospects for this kind of fishing but for their method of ovipositing creates giant stoneflies is the domain of the even the mountain trout of the wood­ a disturbance too great to be over­ night fishermen, on streams where land streams seem to know about looked by large trout. The big females night fishing is permitted. grasshoppers by season's end.

20 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER TO TIE AN EGG LAYING STONEFLY

1- Clamp a long shank, fine wire hook n vise. (Size #io shown.) Tie-in size A orange Nymo thread behind eye and thread to bend, then spiral thread forward and half-hitch oenind eye.

Z hodV\ bl'nC h °f yellow-d>ed deer T ,llf (*">m the hide (bunch A? ^e a^0llt Vi" wMe when flattened) and comb out the short hairs and fuzz. Hold hair length­ wise on top of hook with butts ex­ tending over eye. Make two tight urns of thread around hair and hook behind eye and spiral thread m spaced turns to bend of hook. Half-hitch.

3. For tails select two short quill fibres from a gray mallard primary and bind to sides with two turns. Then fold quill butts back and wind over with two turns to lock tails in place Trim waste quill butts as shown.

4. Pull the unbound hair forward over the back of the sub-body and spiral thread forward in spaced turns. Halt-hitch in position shown.

5. For wings cut a i/i" bunch of na­ tural brown deer body hair and bind behind head over body. Half- hitch. Wings should be 1*$ times the ength of hook. Rough-trim the head to get the long hair butts out ot the way.

C. Separate the hair wing into two halves and position at 45 degree angles by criss-crossing thread in figure 8 turns. Then pass thread under head and whip-finish behind eye, as shown. Cut off waste thread and lacquer finish windings.

7. Place a drop of lacquer at the base ot each wing. When nearly dry squeeze with tweezers to flatten wings. Finally, finish-trim the head.

8. Finished Egg-Laying Stonefly.

9. I'teronarcys, the giant stonefly. HHSHaBKtIKStintlEIDaBH SOME INTERESTING QUESTIONS (Q) Why is the helmsman's seat nor­ mally on the starboard side? THE SZ& BAG (A) Because it places the operator in the most favorable position for ob­

A column of raws devoted to the activities of boat clubs, flotillas, power squadrons and serving the approach of other craft on items of interest to Pennsylvania's boaters. his forward starboard quarter. Some of our present boating rules go back far into history. For example it was a custom among the Vikings THERE'S A WAY some 1,000 years ago to tie up to docks and quays with the left side of their "Where there's a will, there's a turing I considered using a small block ships shoreward. way." of aluminum and filing it down to size That's how the left side of the ship There are times when pleasure boat but during my search for suitable ma­ came to be called the "port" side and, owners, in an emergency, are forced terial I found in the basement two because of this custom, the steering to probe their ingenuity and create pieces of aluminum cap molding rudders of their double ended craft a makeshift arrangement to solve the which apparently had been purchased were rigged on the right side so they problem at hand and, quite often, years ago as edging for holding a would not be in danger of brushing the net results are exactly what they counter top in place. against a quay and becoming dam­ are looking for. This was my lucky day. A cross aged. For example I ran into a problem section of the material resembled a On the other hand today's modern just last summer, involving the lack "J" with the long side about one inch term for the right side of the boat, of a small metal fastener for the wing long, the short side about one quarter "starboard," comes from the Viking windows on my runabout, and be­ of an inch, and in between a slot just word for "steering board." cause the solution seemed so simple I wide enough to hold the plexiglass. thought it worthwhile passing along All I had to do was cut it up into (Q) How many classes can to others who just might find them­ one inch long pieces, using a fine be found on the waters of the Com­ selves in a similar predicament. hack saw, drill an eighth of an inch monwealth? The wing windows were purchased hole through the base and I was back (A) There's quite a few, more than a few years ago from a nationally in business. Now with two six foot I've ever realized, according to the known accessory firm and came com­ pieces of molding on hand I've catalog of U.S. as provided plete with two plexiglass windows enough wing fasteners to last a life­ by the American Council. and cast metal fasteners, two for each time. The catalog lists the Olympic, - window—top and bottom. boat, Centerboard, and Off­ However, for some reason, the win­ shore Classes and one will find, on the dow on the starboard side of the boat waters of Pennsylvania, craft repre­ would always work loose but, for­ senting each of the four former classes tunately for me, would fall inside the and, no doubt, on Lake Erie some of boat. I never lost a window but last the latter although none are indicated summer one of the fasteners fell over­ as being in use in this area. board and was lost in several feet of Found on Pennsylvania waters and water. their lengths are: First I tried several dealers to find Olympic—Dragon, 29' 2"; , 14' out if they carried these items in stock 9"; , 19' 10"; Star, but, as luck would have it, the firm 22' IVi"; Tempest, 21' 11*4". discontinued the wing window idea in Keelboat-Bluenose, 23' 6"; Bull's favor of an adjustable vent in the cen­ Eye, 15' 8*4"; Crescent, 24'; Ensign, ter of the windshield and no one had 22' 6"; International 110, 24'; Inter­ what I was looking for. national 210, 29' 91/2"; International My first thought was to carve a 21, 21'; Luders 16, 26' 4"; Mercury, fastener out of a small block of hard 18'; Rainbow, 24' 2"; , wood—roughly one by one inch with 191/2"; , 30' 2V4"; Victory, 21'. a quarter of an inch slot on one side Centerboard—, 15'; Amflite —and I succeeded. However, even 14, 13' 10"; , 13' 6"; Buckeye, though it was painted to protect it 12' 8"; , 12'; Cape Dory, from the weather, within one week of 10' 6"; Caprice, 14' 8"; Columbia 21, exposure to the elements it split in Two small pieces of aluminum molding, 21' 8"; , 16'; Cottontail, 15' 10"; half. cut to approximately one inch long and Cygnus, 20'; , 16' 9"; Dust­ drilled down the center, serve as fasteners After this misadventure in manufac­ to hold this wing window in place. er, 13' 9"; Dyer Dhow 9, 9'; Dyer

22 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER TIME TO "BRUSH UP" even the best boater can get "rusty" in the off-season / ON BOA TING REGULA TIONS

Ice fishing leaves you cold, you boaters all the time . . . and not be­ the Fish Commission has promulgated don't tie flies, make your own plugs, cause of any willful attempt to fool special regulations for zoned areas jigs or spinners—you're a warm weath­ the boarding officer, but merely the where larger engines are permitted er fancier and proud of it! So just result of a misunderstanding of some under controlled conditions. what is there to do this time of year? of the important boating regulations, Secondly, (and this will affect many For openers, you might check the each of which has been promulgated boaters) IT DOES NOT APPLY boat's registration numbers ... re­ for but one reason: BOATING SAFE­ where boats of greater horsepower are member how a few of the "stick-ons" TY. used legally on larger bodies of water began to "peel-off" last year? It's a Just for kicks, dust off your copy but MUST USE STREAMS LESS good time to go over the boat, stem of the boating regs and give yourself a THAN 200 FEET ACROSS PRO­ to stern, checking registration num­ short quiz. You're not going anywhere CEEDING TO AND FROM THEIR bers, loose wires to the running lights, in any hurry just now so take your PERMANENT MOORINGS; provid­ and all those little things that began to time and browse through—read each ed that such boats proceed in these come apart last Labor Day. It's funny section and be truthful, ask yourself, waters in accordance with Reg. how unimportant they seemed when "Did I really know that?" In case 4.10A.7 (i.e., "at a slow minimum the boat was being put up for the win­ you've mislaid your copy, write us; height swell speed".) ter—but attention to them now can I believe we've got an extra copy ly­ Suppose you have been a regular save a smart boater considerable em­ ing around somewhere. user of such a waterway? Your motor barrassment later. The WS-250 for 1972 will see exceeds 6 HP by far and the stream So you're two steps ahead of me some changes; one of the most im­ is a mere 180 feet across—may you • . . you've taken care of all that, portant—at least in areas where it will continue to use it as you had in the right? Good! Now, how about we get apply—will be the new "200 Foot past? NOT EXACTLY! Originally, it down to the nitty-gritty and do a lit­ Rule". In brief, vessels with engines in had been decided to allow such own­ tle homework? When was the last time excess of 6 horsepower will not be ers a reasonable time in which to dis­ you looked over a "WS-250"? You permitted on any stream which mea­ pose of the larger motors. This was don't remember, do you? In fact, sures less than 200 feet across for the understandably vague and to pin it you're not sure your wife even bought greater part of its course. Also pro­ down, a date of 1 April, 1975 has been one on the last grocery shopping hibited are air propeller-driven boats set, "beyond which date larger engines spree! She didn't! It's a copy of and those designed for racing, i.e. hy- will not be permitted to operate under PENNSYLVANIA PLEASURE drophanes, jet boats, etc. ATV's (all- any circumstance." Meanwhile, their BOATING REQUIREMENTS. terrain vehicles) air-cushion effect ve­ continued use will be permitted at Ignorance of the law is usually the hicles, or similar unique designs are slow, minimum height swell speed reason for breaking one of boating's likewise prohibited. and this provision will be stricklif en­ rules of the road or coming up short There are two exceptions to this forced! This will eliminate water skiing during an inspection of required safety regulation: First, the 200 Foot Rule on these waters—unless special regu­ equipment. Mistakes are made by does not apply on those waters where lations have been promulgated.

continued from previous page Omega, 13' 7"; Pram, 8'; Pram, T 7"; , 15' 10"; Wid­ Peanut, 9' 6"; , 11' 6"; Pintail, geon, 12' 4"; Windmill, 15' 6"; Wood THE SEA BAG 14'; Super Porpoise, 13' 10"; Rascal, Pussy, 13' 6"; , 16'; Y-Flyer, 14'; , 24' 2"; Rebel, 16'; Rhodes 18'. Dink, 10'; , 7' 11"; Falcon, 15' Bantam, 14'. Multihull-Aqua Cat, 12' 2"; B 8"; , 16'2"; , 12'; Fly­ S-12, 12'; Sailfish, 13' 7"; San Fran­ Lion, 20'; Cal Cat, 12' 10"; Hobie ing Fish, 14'; , 13' 3"; cisco , 12' 2V2"; , 13' Cat 14, 14'; Phoenix, 18'; Shark, 20'; , 19'; Flying Tern, 14'. 9"; C , 20'; Cub Scow, 12' 3"; Tiger Cat, 17'; , 20'; and Goldfish, 13' 9"; , 20'; D Scow, 20'; , 28'; , Trikini, 13'. , 18'; , 14'; 16'; W Scow, 14'; Seagull, 14' 6"; And that's a lot of sailboat classes! , 14'; , 18'; Kestrel, 15' Seven/Eleven, 7' 11"; Signet, 12' 5"; Just in case I haven't mentioned it •"; Kahinoor, 15' 3"; Leader, 14'; Skipjack, 14' 7"; Skylark, 14' 2"; before, there are two more sports , 19'; LS 13, 13'; LS 16, 16'; , 15' 6"; Spindrift, 13' 4"; Sprite, shows in the offing—the Philadelphia M-20, 20'; Mariner, 19' 2"; Mac Din­ 10' 2"; Squall, 9' 4"; Starfish, 13' 8"; Sport, Camping, Vacation and Travel ghy, 10' 10"; Dinghy, 10' 10"; Stingray, 13' 2"; , 13' 10"; Show, Feb. 5-13; and the 13th an­ Mobyjack, 17'; National One-Design, Sweet Sixteen, 16'; Tech 11, 12' 6"; nual Allentown Sports, Vacation, Boat 17'; Nipper, 12'; OK Dinghy 13' \W; Tern, 12'; , 17'; Thunderbird and Travel Show, Feb. 12-19.

J A N U A R Y-l 9 7 2 23 was stuck fairly tight. The tube was a w natural one made of a piece of curled birch bark which had fallen into the pool. Mr. Trout had apparently swam into it seeking cover but hadn't ex­ pected such a tight fit. —Waterways Patrolman FREDERICK MUSSEL (Lehigh County)

"OBSERVER" BARKS BEST EATING der the bow tarp and returned with • During the boating season of 1971 • The Kokanee at Upperwoods Pond, his only life saving device ... an emp­ the new rule came into effect that re­ drew interest last fall. They hit well ty two gallon can. His anchor was an quires that a competant observer on and when I asked a party who drove old rusty rotary mower housing minus board while towing a water skier, in from western Pennsylvania over the handle. So if you occasionally see On the Shenango Reservoir in Mercer 300 miles away why they liked Ko­ a waterways patrolman returning to County, we have a unique observer. kanee fishing so well their immediate his car, all the while shaking his head, This observer has four legs and barks. answer was "They are the best eating perhaps it will be because he met When the skier is on the port side of of any fish." some "boater" like this! the boat, the dog will perch in front —Waterways Patrolman H. F. REYNOLDS —Waterways Patrolman JAY B. JOHNSTON legs on the port side and bark all the (Bucks County) (Wayne County) time the skier is on the port side. When the skier crosses over to the HEAD SHAKER NO BARGAIN starboard side, the dog will do the • Last summer as I patrolled the Del­ • While in a grocery store recently same thing on that side. When the aware River at Upper Black Eddy, a a fisherman came up to me and skier is in the middle the dog will boat with four occupants attracted showed me a package of rainbow perch himself on top of the motor my attention. One of its occupants trout which came from Japan. He told well and bark at the skier. What hap­ was bow riding. I met them at a dock me he had been stationed there during pens when the skier falls off? You and explained to them the dangers of the war and he had never seen any guessed it! The dog grabs the driver such operation and proceeded to fill trout streams. I told him that perhaps by the arm and pulls it. out a boarding form. I asked the op­ they were raising them in silos like —Waterways Patrolman JAMES E. ANSELL erator if he had sufficient life saving our people at Benner Springs. Figuring (Mercer/Lawrence Counties) devices, Coast Guard approved, on the price of these fish—which I am board for himself, his wife and their certain was below the average weight "PRETEND FLIES" two young children. He said "Sure, I of the trout I stocked in my district • While working on a case in the got 'em" and crawled under the bow last year—times our daily creel limit I District Justice Office, one of the sec­ tarp to get them. After a minute or came up with a figure of $7.92. So retaries that is married to the Mayor so he crawled out and told me he anyone who caught just one limit of of the City of Mercer passed on this had only one and must have left the trout in my district got a bonus for little word to me about her husband's others at home. I asked to check the the price he paid for a resident li­ fishing. It seems that he likes to fish one he had and he crawled back un- cense. These imports weren't any bar­ the fish for fun area with those "Pre­ gain at all when compared with PFC tend Flies." fish! —Waterways Patrolman JAMES E. ANSELL —Waterways Patrolman (Mercer & Lawrence Counties) STEPHEN A. SHABBICK (Wyoming County) ONE OF THOSE DAYS TIGHT FIT • On one Saturday in June Special • While on foot patrol along a small Waterways Patrolman, Jack Moore mountain stream with S. W. P. Fred and I were patrolling the Allegheny Geist, we had occasion to observe an River. One fisherman, when asked if unusual incident. In a shallow pool, he was having any luck, replied, "I we surprised several trout, which, caught two red snappers, but they when they noticed our presence, scat­ were too small." Another gentleman tered in all directions but one of the invited us into his camp to identify trout seemed to be in a bit of trouble. "some vicious little minnows" that his He splashed around a bit, then lay boys had put into the family aquar­ belly up in the water as if exhausted. ium. He had about twenty smallmouth Reaching down to pick him up, I bass, which had eaten all the tropical found the cause of his distress. He had fish in the tank. Later, we checked a wedged his body into a hollow tube motorboat, on which all the numbers COULD YOU SPARE $50 FOR A NEW about half the length of his body, and SPINNING REEL?" were placed upside down. The boat

24 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER owner had been sitting in the boat, when he put on the registration num­ bers and, naturally, when he bent over the side, and read the instruc­ tions, on went the numbers in a stand on your head fashion. Guess it was just "one of those days." —Waterways Patrolman GEORGE R. JONES (Warren County) MINNOW FOOD? • Recently I had a phone call that was very urgent, a matter of life and death so to speak. The party at the other end of the line stated that her husband had dumped a bucket of left-over minnows from fishing last fall into their swim­ ming pool, and that there now were baby minnows in the pool. She wanted to know what to feed the baby min­ nows? —Waterways Patrolman JAMES R. SMITH (Allegheny Co.) 'LOOK AT THE SIZE OF THAT LTJNK.ER!' UNEXPECTED * Earlier this month after having in the loss of 2,000 gallons of gas into PUDDLE FISHING? good success smallmouth bass fishing the gutter very near the stream. When An interesting story was related to in Brandywine Creek, Ridley Creek he heard the report of the accident me by a Mr. Harold Fries, of Meadow State Park Officer Tom Cosgrove and and the fact the local fire company Brook Terrace, Bedford, Pa. a friend returned to the stream to try had been required to hose down the Some time ago while visiting the again. While floating downstream in area, he felt certain a fish kill would a canoe and fishing with spinners his result. Imagine his delight when he Valley Inn in Bedford Valley, Bedford friend had a good hit but couldn't found several very lively minnows County, a fisherman from Cumberland, move the object. At first he thought scurrying around right at the mouth of Maryland, spending some time at the he had caught the bottom or a stump, the road ditch leading from the ac­ Inn inquired directions to the Koon but after a moment he could feel cident site. Further investigation Lake to fish. This gentleman was movement on the line. Both thought showed the reason. The firemen had given directions, told to take the he had hooked a giant musky. After constructed a hasty dam in the ditch first hard road to his right going a few minutes of maneuvering the and trapped all of the gas and wash- north on Route 220, keep on this road canoe and fighting the line they sight- down water which was absorbed until he noticed water to his right, e d the hooked "musky." It was a large harmlessly by the soil and never this would be the Koon Lake, told he snapping turtle and, surprisingly, it reached the creek. The firemen re­ could not miss it. When the fisherman had taken the spinner and was hooked sponsible were from the Berwyn Fire left the Inn it was after dark. He 'n the mouth. This is the first time I Company. Not only did these men take found the correct road and within a had ever heard of catching a snapper the trouble of digging this impromptu short distance noticed water. Parked in this manner. That just goes to prove dam, but they did so with considerable his car, carried his equipment along that fishing, even in old familiar wa­ danger to themselves. Who wants to with a chair down to the edge of the ters, always holds the possibility of the spend more time than is absolutely- water, set up his equipment, consist­ unexpected to the angler! necessary in the company of a leaky ing of rods that were bated with very —Waterways Patrolman LARRY R. BAKER gasoline tanker that could explode good fishing worms, then sat down (Delaware County) any minute? As Berwyn Fire Chief on his comfortable chair, waiting for Frank Kelly said, "We have a lot of a bite. But the fisherman fell fast INVESTIGATIVE PLEASURE fishermen among our men and they asleep. When he woke up it was day­ • During the past several years as a just couldn't let that stuff get into the light and to his surprise he was fish­ Special Waterways Patrolman Daniel creek." Their fine example should en­ ". Bullock has had the distinct dis­ courage all who love the outdoors, ing in a puddle caused by a rain in pleasure of investigating several fish and we are all in their debt. Hats off a farmers pasture field. He was still kills and on June 19 he thought he to the men of the Berwyn Fire Com­ over one mile from the lake. had another one to add to the list. pany! •^ mishap with a gas truck next to —Waterways Patrolman R. A. BE DN ARCH IK —Waterways Patrolman Irout Run near Valley Forge resulted (Chester County) WILLIAM E. MclLNAY (Bedford County)

J A N U A R Y-l 9 7 2 25 "As the twig is bent—" Our hats are off to the Schuylkill County Sportsmen's Association! Watercraft Safety Coordinator Sowers re­ lates this pleasant tale of—

Watercraft Safety Coordinator Sowers teaches youngster propel A Day method of entering and leaving canoe. Last January (1971), Norman Thornburg, Secretary at of the Schuylkill County Sportsmen's Association, con­ tacted Supervisor Miles Witt, requesting the Pennsylvania Fish Commission join the Pennsylvania Game Commission, Department of Environmental Resources and a number of Camp Pine Grove other state and local agencies for scheduled programs at the first Schuylkill County Junior Conservation Camp to be held in August. Supervisor Witt accepted the invitation and he, Assis­ tant Frank Kulikosky, and I, submitted a schedule to Mr. by Paul Sowers Thornburg for Friday, August 13, 1971.

From left to right, top row: James Hill, Staff; Ed Wenez, Staff; T. Shaffer, R. Kline, Norman Thornburg, Staff; R. Feryo, J. Kubilesky, Mike Roman, Staff; and John Lauch, Staff. Second row: D. Krause, D. Berdanier, G. Kanezo, J. Clark, R. Gately, D. Kelly, A. Spotts and E. Reinert. Front row: E. Milot, J. Wagner, T. Foose, J. Moyer, W. Zeigenfuse, R. Smith and G. Helman. Not pictured, B. Conners and G. Lau- bauch. 26 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER David Berdanier finds personal flotation device does not impede Dave and pal Robert Gately, Jr. learn proper paddling methods his paddling. from Sowers.

Miles, Frank, and I arrived at Camp Pine Grove on fundamentals of fishing and a casting demonstration. I the morning of August 13. We were joined by Jim Hazen, stood by, waiting for the sun to get as hot as blazes be­ and Jack Stepanski, Waterways Patrolman for Schuylkill cause I had a safe boating and water safety presentation and Dauphin counties respectively. scheduled on the lake. Eventually Special Hill and I pre­ We were greeted by Mike Roman and Johnny Lauch, sented a fife saving device and canoe demonstration and two members of the Camp Staff, and escorted to the mess nearly turned blue during the presentation. After lunch, hall where we were met by Special Waterways Patrolman we regrouped along a scenic little stream called Rock Run, Jimmy Hill. Jimmy introduced us to Milton Becker and a tributary to Swatara Creek and Frank Kulikosky took Jack Murray. These men were praised for the terrific jobs charge of the boys, giving them a briefing on water pollu­ they were doing in the kitchen. Anyone sitting in on one tion and stream protection. The boys were then divided of Mr. Becker's meals would have to agree that he's one into three groups and participated in an actual stream sur­ of the best cooks in' Schuylkill County. The first order of vey. One group gathered biological data, another gathered business was hot coffee, along with a briefing by Mike, chemical data, and the third group compiled physical John and Jimmy Hill. Our day started at 8:00 a.m. when characteristics. Each group worked under the guidance twenty-one boys filed into the mess hall and took their of Commission personnel and changed points each hour. seats. Supervisor Witt introduced the Fish Commission The afternoon was high-lighted with an electro fishing personnel and explained the organization and functions of demonstration which showed the boys the type of fish-life the Commission. He finished with a question and answer present in the stream. After this demonstration, we re­ period to which the entire group responded with enthu­ turned to the mess hall for the evening meal and a recap siasm. of the day's activities by Supervisor Witt. We concluded our day at 6:00 p.m., but the boys had another session The group broke up and reorganized under a hemlock for that evening. I can only say "hats off" to Schuylkill grove along the edge of a lake about 700 yards below County Sportsmen and the first members of the Junior camp. Jim Hazen took charge of the program at this point Conservation Camp. and assisted by Stepanski gave a fine presentation on the

Who ever thought we'd get involved with math in a stream sur­ Collecting insects from stream bed presents a challenge for this vey? Assistant Supervisor Kulikosky leads group. trio.

J A N U A R Y-l 9 7 2 27 through to the floor creating an in­ tensely hot area. More fuel can be added to the top. ode A long fire can be used for cooking and warmth at the same time. Hot by DELL and LOIS KERR coals can be scraped to one side for cooking purposes while the blazing fire can be maintained to keep you Two of the most popular types of warm as toast. small campfires are the "teepee" and FIRE Most formal campsites will have the "log cabin." To build either of either a fire ring or a stone fireplace. these, the camper must begin with BUILDING When building a fire in a wooded highly flammable tinder, topped with The time-honored practice of turn­ area where no formal fireplace is pro­ small kindling and the larger firewood. ing wood to ash is a rewarding exper­ vided, be sure to scrape away all for­ ience and as much a part of camping In the "teepee" the tinder is placed est duff and dry grass down to mineral as morning dew or the twinkling in the center and then progressively earth. Porous rocks or rocks with stars overhead. Whether one chooses a larger layers are loosely piled around, minute cracks from a stream should deluxe motor home or a simple pup slanting upwards. The wood should be not be used as heat may cause steam, tent, camping just isn't camping with­ piled loosely to allow air spaces for forcing the rock to explode. out a campfire. oxygen to fan the . In wet or snowy weather, try to We have found that a "log cabin" With modern heaters and stoves, the build your fire where it will be shel­ fire works well for us. Although we eampfire's place for many campers tered from the wind, such as under take our trusty gasoline stove along, is aesthetic rather than practical. For an overhanging rock or behind a large except when backpacking, we find we the winter or early spring camper, log. A canvas tarp or poncho or a do most of our cooking over an open however, the fire still serves a utilitar­ tent flap make excellent shelter. If wood fire. The "log cabin" works ian purpose as a source of warmth. good tinder is available, a fire should equally well either for cooking or for There is an art to building a proper start in almost any kind of weather. an evening campfire, simply by con­ campfire, but it is an easily mastered In snow or very wet ground, build a trolling the size of the blaze. subject. There are many basic styles foundation for the fire from green or depending on the desired results- Basic construction is simple. First punkv downfall. Do not build under cooking, reflector, baking or simply and foremost is the job of chopping an snow-laden branches where snow for warmth. ample supply of wood so there will might fall and extinguish the blaze. be plenty available to keep the fire Essentially, any type of campfire The best wood for fires in damp going. We find a campers' buck saw contains three basic ingredients: tin­ weather comes from standing dead der, kindling and medium-sized fire­ and a small single bitted axe the most trees. Chunks of pitch from dead ever­ wood. A campfire should be kept as useful tools. greens also burn well. small as possible. Too many begin­ First, place a short hardwood log Tinder is usually easily obtained. It ners feel they must have a gigantic (six- to eight-inch diameter) at the includes such things as dry pine blaze, resulting in blackened rjots, rear of the fireplace: if split, cut side needles from the bottom branches of charred food and scorched canvas. facing the fire area. Then place two evergreens, bark or dry twigs. Matches three- or four-inch logs on either side should be waterproofed with wax and of the fireplace, touching the rear log. carried in a tightly-closed container. On top of these place stock an inch Hardwoods burn longer and pro­ or so in diameter, perpendicular to duce less smoke than soft woods. the first layer. Reversing direction Among the best are ash, hickory, oak, again, lay a "floor" of half-inch pieces dogwood, apple, birch and maple. completely across the one-inch stock Ash, unlike most trees, will even burn leaving only small air spaces between. when it is green. Next place two small logs fairly Sometimes, however, no hardwoods close together stretching bone dry are available and soft wood must be twigs (the tinder) between them. You utilized. Bear in mind that these will can then build up the fire as high as burn up fast so a larger supply is you wish, criss-crossing each layer needed. using progressively larger sticks. Be One final word of caution. Keep careful to leave air spaces. water or sand on hand to completely The bottom layer of twigs is then extinguish the blaze before you leave ignited. Flames will draw up through the campsite. Stir the ashes to make A small campfire will provide ample the twigs and kindling immediately sure your fire is "dead" out. A smol­ warmth while conserving the wood supply. and in a few seconds you'll have a dering log, fanned by winds, could Often larger fires than are needed are built by inexperienced campers. roaring campfire. blaze into flames days later causing —photo by Daniel B. Kerr As the wood burns, it will fall a giant holocaust.

28 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER A FISHING FEATURE FOR FISHERMEN-FROM FISHERMEN

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Fisherman JAMES PAT­ TERSON o£ Lancaster holds big 181/2 inch, 3V2 pound brook trout he caught the first day of the 1971 trout season while fishing Muddy Run. Bait, not listed.

TED FITCH o£ Saeger- town was fishing Lake Pymatuning near Harris Island when he hooked and landed this 29 inch, 7?4 pound walleye last spring. Caught on a jig­ ger walleye harness.

Erie angler JAMES GA- BELLI caught 42 inch, 17'/2 pound muskie while fishing Edinboro Lake in Erie County last May. It won him membership in the Husky Musky Club.

This 17 inch, 2 pound brook trout Palmyra angler SYLVESTER HOW­ Twenty-five inch, 5V4 pound pickerel ^as caught by fisherman FRANK ARD caught 17'/2 inch, 2V4 pound was caught last July by fisherman CHMIELEWSKI of Dupont. He caught brook trout while fishing Tulpehocken RED MICKEY of Chambersburg. He lt from a beaver dam last spring on a Creek. It hit a nightcrawler on spin caught it on an artificial nightcrawler. C-P. Swing. gear.

J A N U A R Y-l 9 7 2 fc IB/ I'. '*- *-y A FISHING FEATURE FOR BKaJH FISHERMENFROM FISHERMEN «FISHWAL.ES

EARL BROWN of Renova holds pair of big brook trout he caught last June while fish­ ing Cross Fork Creek. Fish on left was 17'/2 inches, %Vt pounds; one on right was 18 inches, 3% pounds. One was taken on a wet fly; the other on a dry.

ED LICHVAR, 14, of Sharon caught FRANK AUGUSTINE of Uniontown this nice 16'/2 inch bowfin while fish­ caught 15'/2 inch, 2>4 pound crappie ing Little Pine Dam in Lycoming while fishing the Yough Dam in Som­ County last August. It hit a worm. erset County last July. It hit a worm.

Seven-year-old JOHN ]ELOVICH, ]R. of Fifteen-year-old RICHARD BARNES of Canonsburg (left) caught these three nice West Mifflin (top) holds 22% inch, 41/2 brook trout and a rainbow while fishing the Allegheny River in Warren County. pound walleye he caught at Donegal Lake Biggest was IS inches. KIRK ROUDABUSH, 16, of Claysburg (center) caught 21 last June while RICHARD LIEBOLD of inch, 5V4 pound smallmouth from the Raystown Branch of the Juniata near Saxton Mars (bottom) holds 46 inch 26!4 pound muskie he took from the Allegheny in Forest while ROBERT REDINGTON (right) of Lancaster caught 17'/2 inch 2>/fc pound brook trout from Muddv Run. County.

PHIL SCOTT, JR. of Stroudsburg holds pair Thirteen-year-old SHARON AUMAN of nice shad he caught last May while fishing of Sunbury holds 2214 inch, 3>4 pound the Delaware River in Monroe County. One Eleven-year-old BILLY WEBBER of channel catfish she caught from the measured 24 inches and weighed 5 pounds; the Carlisle holds 30 inch, II pound carp Susquehanna River last July. It hit a other was 22>/2 inches and 41/2 pounds. Both he caught on a worm while fishing . hit shad darts. Conodoquinet Creek.

30 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER I RONALD BRASHA and daughter TAMMY (above) with stringer of largemouth bass they caught from Presque Isle Bay in Erie County last May. Largest was over 5 pounds. THOMAS MOHR' of Allentown (right) holds 20 inch, 5 pound smallmouth he caught on an artificial worm from the Delaware River last May.

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FRANK KURTZ of Sunbury (left) holds 21 inch, 3 pound cat­ JOHN KURTZ of Sunbury (left) caught 20!/2 inch, 3-1/8 pound fish he caught from the Susquehanna River on liver while JIM catfish fishing with nightcrawlers while CHET FOX, also of DOEBLER of Milton (right) holds 27'/2 inch, tyz pound carp Sunbury, (right) holds 191/2 inch, VA pound bullhead on cut he caught on corn from the Susquehanna. bait. Both fish were taken from the Susquehanna River.

JACK LICHANER of Pittsburgh caught 34 MARK GROVE of Northumberland STEVE SNYDER of Duncansville holds inch, 9 pound northern while fishing the Shen- holds 21 inch, 3 pound catfish he 10 pound, 28 inch carp he caught ango River Reservoir last May. It hit a live min­ caught from the Susquehanna River. It from the Juniata River last July. now. hit a nightcrawler.

TODD STRAWSER of Thompsontown (left) holds 18V4 inch, RUSSEL FRY, 9, of Harrisburg (left) holds 11 inch, 114 pound 23/4 pound largemouth he caught from the Juniata River last rock bass he caught from Yellow Breeches Creek last April June. It hit a nightcrawler. EDWARD P. KALE of Lebanon while REGGIE CALHOUN of Oakmont (right) holds U*A (right) caught 22 inch, 6 pound rainbow he caught on a minnow inch bullhead he caught from Deer Lake in Allegheny County from Tulpehocken Creek. on a minnow.

JANUARY-1972 31 CASTING WITH THE CO-OPS-by Bill Porter A MONTHLY FEATURE ABOUT COOPERATIVE NURSERY PROJECTS

PART HI and soft-tissued as a result of the Going to other materials, the Port starchy food and in some cases mor­ Clinton Club, Schuylkill County, feeds tality rates increased. Bread is not an some raw macaroni to its trout. The DIET endorsed food and many nurseries are uncooked elbows are tossed into the "Odd-ball" diets sets the theme for convinced of this to the point that raceway and as they soften, the trout this third and final part on what to they discourage visitors from feeding will work on them. This is also a rath­ feed trout being produced in cooper­ their trout the material. Such a nur­ er starchy food and could produce ative nurseries. And a point of em­ sery is the Potter County Anglers, one some problems if fed in quantity. The phasis should be made early in this of the largest in the program, who club also feeds pellets and other sup­ segment: Because trout will eat the post signs on their property advising plements so the trout have had no material placed before them, it does visitors not to feed bread. major setbacks. Such a diet by itself not follow that that material does A variety of animal tissues have would bear watching. By the way, the them any good. been fed to trout other than those sug­ Port Clinton boys insist that their fish Before checking some specific cases, gested in Parts I and II. Most of the like a little raw fruit and vegetables it should be repeated from Part II that meat is too fibrous for the short di­ from time to time. Proof of the pud­ trout need protein and amino acids. gestive tract of the trout. The meat is ding comes from one of the members This is rather broad, and particularly not assimilated or the fish becomes who operates a fresh produce stand in the protein categoiy, may be mis­ bound up with the tough connective who occasionally will chop up a cou­ understood. Not all proteins can be tissues in the meat. However, the ple of bananas, a tomato or two, or digested or assimilated by the trout; Tobyhanna club did feed four bear even a piece of watermelon. The fish therefore, particular protein materials to its fish the other year and got away eat it. must be fed—not just any protein. And with it. The meat was well-ground and Then not to be completely negative, with this for background, here are fed in small quantities to the larger there are some other foods that are some examples of "noble" experiments fish. No problems developed because quite acceptable but not on the pre­ that either did not work, or are de­ of the care in using the meat. But ferred list because of supply problems, batable from the fish culturist's point even if an adequate supply was avail­ seasonal conditions, and labor factors. of view. able, the Fish Commission would not For example, a Venango County nur­ A cooperative nursery fed hard endorse it as an effective food. sery fed worms, a good natural food; boiled eggs to its trout. The eggs were In the same pattern, beef is also too but the supply problem became too secured from a processing plant, fibrous to be a good reliable food great for a continuous diet. The same boiled, chopped, and fed. The trout even though beef liver is an excellent nursery also experimented with a va­ gobbled them up with apparent relish supplement. And still on meat, some riety of other goodies, perhaps not as and little obvious harm. There was nurseries report feeding groundhog acceptable as worms. Their trout re­ only one problem—the fish did not flesh. The amount fed, or available, ceived at various times cheese, pea­ grow well and eventually the egg diet has been minimal with no major prob­ nut butter crackers, and some other was abandoned. lems developing. But again, the tidbits not on the approved list. Some nurseries feed a good bit of coarseness of the meat and the amount And of course there are other ex­ bread. Again the fish eat the stuff, but of gristle tissue eliminates it from the amples of varied diets that started out do not grow well or become bloated quality foods. as honest attempts to feed trout for maximum growth at minimum cost that did not work particularly well, or may have produced serious problems for the nurseries involved. The end product of any deviation from the Fish Commission's recommended feed- ; ing program for most clubs was to re­ turn to the conventional dry pellet and accepted wet foods. For clubs just starting in the co­ operative nursery program, the sug­ gestion is obvious: accept Bob Brown's advice, don't experiment with odd diets and the result will be a lot more healthy trout for followers of Casting with the Co-ops as a way to better fishing.

:)2 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLES QUESTIONS and ANSWERS* by CAPT. JACK ROSS * * * * FROM G. H. T., HOUTZDALE: FROM S. R., PITTSBURGH: "Would a three-blade prop be better than a two-blade "What kind of license is needed to qualify for operation On a five-horsepower outboard, and what kind of protec­ of a towboat on the Ohio River and tributaries?" tion can I install on the engine to protect the prop when —At present, there is no licensing requirement for op­ running in a shallow lake full of stumps?" erators of towing vessels on the Western Rivers. Legisla­ —There is no need for a three-blade propeller on a 5-hp. tion has been introduced perennially in the U.S. Congress er>gine, since the two-blade wheel can adequately absorb all to require such licensing, but to date none of these bills has 'he power that the engine can generate. For your second become law. At first blush, it might seem that the situation problem, an effective guard can be fabricated by your local was one that encouraged poorly qualified persons to nav­ blacksmith or welding shop. Just mount a light circular igate the huge tows on the rivers, but when you consider "and of steel or aluminum ahead of the prop, and this will the owner's position, you will understand that a company cause the engine to kick up before the prop can contact the which has paid as much as five million dollars for a modern, obstruction. The band can be 1/8 steel or 14 aluminum, high-powered boat is not likely to entrust it to an inexper­ bent to a circle just about an inch larger than the propeller ienced captain. While many of the skippers for the large diameter. Secure it to the lower unit with a single clamp companies are licensed, the great majority of the unlicensed °r strap. captains operating their own boats or those of small com­ panies are equally skillful and competent. The ever-increas­ zssesesz ing cost of boats and barges, together with the steady rise FROM J. M. B., PHILADELPHIA: in marine insurance rates, operates effectively to insure that the quality of the navigators will be high. "Was 1 dreaming, or did I really see a suction dredge on the Little Schuylkill River just south of Tamaqua?" ZSSS&S&Z —You were wide awake, and the state owns not one but five dredges located on desilting pools along the river. Mud, FROM C. R. L., HARRISBURG: fine coal, silt and other water-born debris is settled out in a "For boaters who also like to take pictures, what can series of settling basins, which are cleaned periodically by you recommend to keep my shots from being washed out me suction dredges. This controls the buildup of shoals in because of glare off the water?" areas where it could cause flooding, and maintains the riv- e —Good boating photographs are generally obtained by >" in its lowest reaches without silting problems. the use of filters; on bright, hazy days, use a K-2 yellow, to improve the contrast. For very bright sunny afternoons, a red or Polaroid filter will usually produce better results. Re­ FROM W. G., REYNOLDSVILLE: member to open up or slow down to compensate for the "My outboard motor uses a 25 to 1 mixture of gas and filter, and an added bonus is that you will get striking °il, but very few gas stations know how to blend this cloud effects due to the filter darkening the blue of the sky. properly. How can I be sure of getting the right mix?" -—Add a kitchen measuring cup to your boat gear, with S'aduations in ounces. Whenever you fill your tank, just FROM S. E., VANPORT: ;'dd five ounces of oil for each gallon of gas that goes in, "If my boat is damaged while in winter storage, is the a nd you'll have no problems. boatyard responsible?" —Unless the damage or loss is clearly the result of negli­ gence on the part of the yard, they are not generally liable. FROM J. T. C, NORRISTOWN: Your own insurance policy, however, covers this type of "What is the most powerful outboard motor available loss, provided you have a standard form of marine insurance. today?" iSSSSSSZ —Chrysler Corporation has announced a limited produc- l'on of a 150-hp. racing engine that appears to lead the horsepower race at this writing. It features tuned exhaust stacks, higher crankcase pressures, and a compression above '"e piston of 180 pounds per square inch. Mercury is close behind with a 140-hp. model. Help Yourself to a Tappy New Ye<

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