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Greater Kokstad
B2 local municipality in Harry Gwala, KwaZulu-Natal
Population: 65 981 Size: 2 682.6 km² Density: 24.6 / km²
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Contacts Last updated October 2020
Mayor/Executive Mayor 039 797 6600
Mr B.M. Mtolo Email municipality
039 797 6600 http://www.kokstad.org.za [email protected] 75 Secretary of Mayor/Executive Mayor Hope Street Kokstad Ms Z. Mahonya 4700
039 797 6600
Municipal Manager
Mr Sipho Raynold Zwane
039 797 6603
Secretary of Municipal Manager
Ms Zizipho Vendle
039 797 6601
Deputy Mayor/Executive Mayor
Ms K. Walker
039 797 6605
Secretary of Deputy Mayor/Executive Mayor
Ms Z. Mahonya
039 797 6605
Chief Financial O cer
Mr T.L.Mketsu
039 797 6613
Secretary of Financial Manager
Ms Z. Van Der Merwe
039 797 6681
[email protected] Financial Performance
Audit Outcomes
2018-2019 2017-2018 2016-2017 2015-2016
Unquali ed - Emphasis of Unquali ed - Emphasis of Unquali ed - Emphasis of Unquali ed - Emphasis of Matter items Matter items Matter items Matter items
Read report Read report Read report Read report
What do di erent audit outcomes mean?
Unquali ed Opinion Unquali ed Opinion No Findings Emphasis of Matter Items Same as an Unquali ed Opinion with no ndings, but the Same as an Unquali ed Opinion with no ndings, but the Auditor-General wants to bring something particular to the Auditor-General wants to bring something particular to the attention of the reader. attention of the reader.
Quali ed Opinion Adverse Opinion
The Auditor-General expresses reservations about the fair This is expressed when the auditor concludes that the annual presentation of the nancial statements. There is some nancial statements do not present the municipality’s nancial departure from the Generally Recognised Accounting Practices position, results of operations and cash ows in line with (GRAP) but is not su ciently serious as to warrant an adverse Generally Recognised Accounting Practices (GRAP). opinion or disclaimer of opinion.
Disclaimer of Opinion
An Outstanding Opinion The Auditor-General does not have all of the underlying documentation needed to determine an opinion. For example, Means that the Auditor General raised queries with the the lack of underlying documentation and the amounts in municipality and therefore has not submitted another opinion. question may be so great so that it is impossible to give any opinion on all.
Cash Balance 2018-2019
R116 071 263
Cash balance at the end of the nancial year. R120m
About this indicator R100m
R80m A municipality's cash balance refers to the money it has in the bank that it can access easily. If a R60m municipality's bank account is in overdraft it has a negative cash balance. Negative cash balances R40m are a sign of serious nancial management problems. A municipality should have enough cash R20m on hand from month to month so that it can pay salaries, suppliers and so on. R 0 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Show average for similar municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal or nationally ▶
How is performance measured?
Good Positive balance
Bad Negative balance
Show calculation
Reference:
State of Local Government Finances
Formula:
= Cash available at year end
= [Cash Flow] item code 4200, Audited Actual
Cash Coverage 2018-2019
4.1 months
Months of operating expenses can be paid for with the cash available. 5
4 About this indicator 3 Cash coverage measures the length of time, in months, that a municipality could manage to pay 2 for its day-to-day expenses using just its cash reserves. So, if a municipality had to rely on its cash reserves to pay all short-term bills, how long 1 could it last? Ideally, a municipality should have at least three months' of cash cover. 0 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Show average for similar municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal or nationally ▶
How is performance measured?
Good > 3 months
Average 1-3 months
Bad < 1 month
Show calculation
Reference:
State of Local Government Finances
Formula:
= Cash available at year end / Operating Expenditure per month = [Cash Flow] item code 4200, Audited Actual / ( [Income & Expenditure] item code 4600, Adjusted Budget / 12 )
Spending of Operating Budget 2018-2019
14.8% underspent
Di erence between budgeted operating 0% expenditure and what was actually spent.
-5% About this indicator
This indicator is about how much more a -10% municipalty spent on its operating expenses, than was planned and budgeted for. It is important that a municipality controls its day-to-day expenses in -15% order to avoid cash shortages. If a municipality sigi cantly overspends its operating budget this is a sign of poor operating controls or something -20% more sinister. 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 Overspending by up to 5 percent is usually condoned; overspending in excess of 15 percent is Show average for similar municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal or nationally a sign of high risk.
▶
How is performance measured?
Good 0% - 5%
Average 5% - 15%
Bad > 15%
Show calculation
Reference:
Over and under spending reports to parliament
Formula:
= ((Actual Operating Expenditure - Budget Operating Expenditure) / Budgeted Operating Expenditure) * 100
= ( ( [Income & Expenditure] item code 4600, Audited Actual - [Income & Expenditure] item code 4600, Adjusted Budget ) / [Income & Expenditure] item code 4600, Adjusted Budget ) * 100
Spending of Capital Budget 2018-2019
31.0% underspent
Di erence between budgeted capital expenditure and what was actually spent. 0% 0%
About this indicator -10% Capital spending includes spending on infrastructure projects like new water pipes or -20% building a library. Underspending on a capital budget can lead to an under-delivery of basic services. This indicator looks at the percentage by -30% which actual spending falls short of the budget for capital expenses. Persistent underspending may be due to underresourced municipalities which -40% cannot manage large projects on time. 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 Municipalities should aim to spend at least 95 percent of their capital budgets. Failure to spend even 85 percent is a clear warning sign. Show average for similar municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal or nationally
▶
How is performance measured?
Good 0% - 5%
Average 5% - 15%
Bad > 15%
Show calculation
Reference:
Over and under spending reports to parliament
Formula:
= ((Actual Capital Expenditure - Budgeted Capital Expenditure) / Budgeted Capital Expenditure) * 100
= ( ( [Capital] item code 4100, Audited Actual - [Capital] item code 4100, Adjusted Budget ) / [Capital] item code 4100, Adjusted Budget ) * 100
Spending on Capital Projects 2019-2020
About this indicator Project description Budget
The capital budget of a municipality consists of Social Housing: Housing Projects human settlement R14 534 384 the capital projects that the municipality plans to do for the next three years arranged under the various functions of the municipal budget. Capital Indoor Facilities: Gym Payne Sports Complex R13 900 000 projects can be road upgrades, water distribution, community parks etc, linked to the relevant municipal function. Power Plants: Bulk infrastructure −R27 143 313
Land ll Sites: New Land ll Site. R3 736 137 ▶ Roads: Shayamoya Taxi Route 3 R333 624 Showing 5 of 37 See more for this municipality Spending on Repairs and Maintenance 2018-2019
1.4%
Spending on Repairs and Maintenance as a percentage of Property, Plant and Equipment.
2% About this indicator 1.5% Infrastructure must be maintained so that service delivery is not a ected. This indicator looks at how 1% much money was budgeted for repairs and maintenance, as a percentage of total xed assets (property, plant and equipment). For every R10 0.5% spent on building/replacing infrastructure, R0.80 should be spent every year on repairs and 0% maintenance. 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 This translates into a Repairs and Maintenance budget that should be 8 percent of the value of Show average for similar municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal or nationally property, plant and equipment.
▶
How is performance measured?
Good > 8%
Bad < 8%
Show calculation
Reference:
Circular 71
Formula:
= (Repairs and maintenance expenditure / (Property, Plant and Equipment + Investment Property)) * 100
= ( [Capital] item code 4100, Audited Actual / ( [Balance Sheet] item code 1300, Audited Actual + [Balance Sheet] item code 1401, Audited Actual ) ) * 100
Fruitless and Wasteful Expenditure 2018-2019
66.3%
Unauthorised, Irregular, Fruitless and Wasteful Expenditure as a percentage of operating expenditure.
About this indicator
Unauthorised expenditure means any spending that was not budgeted for or that is unrelated to the municpal department's function. An example is using municipal funds to pay for unbudgeted projects. Irregular expenditure is spending that
goes against the relevant legislation, municipal policies or by-laws. An example is awarding a contract that did not go through tender co ac a d d o go oug e de procedures. Fruitless and wasteful expenditure concerns spending which was made in vain and 60% would have been avoided had reasonable care 50% been exercised. An example of such expenditure would include paying a deposit for a venue and 40% not using it and losing the deposit. 30%
20%
10%
0% ▶ 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 Show average for similar municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal or nationally
How is performance measured?
Good 0%
Bad > 0%
Show calculation
Reference:
Circular 71
Formula:
= (Unauthorised, Irregular, Fruitless and Wasteful Expenditure / Actual Operating Expenditure) * 100
= ( [unde ned] item code irregular,fruitless,unauthorised / [Income & Expenditure] item code 4600, Audited Actual ) * 100
Current Ratio 2018-2019
3.40
The value of a municipality's short-term assets as a multiple of its short-term liabilities. 3
2.5 About this indicator 2 The current ratio compares the value of a municipality's short-term assets (cash, bank 1.5 deposits, etc) compared with its short-term liabilities (creditors, loans due and so on). The 1 higher the ratio, the better. The normal range of 0.5 the current ratio is 1.5 to 2 (the municipality has assets more than 1.5 to 2 times its current debts). 0 Anything less than that and the municipality may 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 struggle to keep up with its payments.
Show average for similar municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal or nationally ▶
How is performance measured?
Good > 1.5
Average 1 - 1.5 Bad < 1
Show calculation
Reference:
Circular 71
Formula:
= Current Assets / Current Liabilities
= [Balance Sheet] item code 2150, Audited Actual / [Balance Sheet] item code 1600, Audited Actual
Liquidity Ratio 2018-2019
2.08
The municipality's immediate ability to pay its current liabilities. 2
About this indicator 1.5
Liquidity ratios show the ability of a municipality to 1 pay its current liabilities (monies it owes immediately such as rent and salaries) as they become due, and their long-term liabilities (such 0.5 as loans) as they become current.
These ratios also show the level of cash the municipality has and / or the ability it has to turn 0 other assets into cash to pay o liabilities and 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 other current obligations. Show average for similar municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal or nationally ▶
How is performance measured?
Good > 1
Bad < 1
Show calculation
Reference:
Municipal Budget and Reporting Regulations
Formula:
= (Cash + Call Investment Deposits) / Current Liabilities
= [Balance Sheet] item code 1800,2200, Audited Actual / [Balance Sheet] item code 1600, Audited Actual
Current Debtors Collection Rate 2018-2019 86.3%
The percentage of new revenue (generated within the nancial year) that a municipality 100% actually collects.
80%
About this indicator 60%
Municipalities don't manage to collect all of the 40% money they earn through rates and service charges. This measure looks at the percentage of new revenue that a municipality collects. It is also 20% referred to as the Current Debtors Collection Ratio. 0% 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Show average for similar municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal or nationally ▶
How is performance measured?
Good > 95%
Bad < 95%
Show calculation
Reference:
Municipal Budget and Reporting Regulations
Formula:
= (Collected Revenue / Billed Revenue) * 100
= ( [Cash Flow] item code 3010,3030,3040,3050,3060,3070,3100, Audited Actual / [Income & Expenditure] item code 0200,0300,0400,0500,0600,0800,0900,1000, Audited Actual ) * 100
Income
Where does the municipality get money from? Financial year: 2018-2019 Audited actual
R420 073 809 70.3% 29.7% R295 452 883 R124 620 926 Total income for this municipality
Learn more Locally generated Transfers
This shows how much of this municipality's income From residents paying for water & From the Equitable Share of taxes, is from its own activities that it bills for, and how electricity, rates, licenses & nes, and and Grants from national and much is paid to it by national and provincial from interest and investments. provincial Government. government.
Municipalities are supposed to be able to support themselves nancially - to fund the services they provide from the rates paid by the local residents.
A heavy reliance on outside funding is a cause for concern.
▶ ▶
Local income sources Financial year: 2018-2019 Audited actual
Property rates R129 808 505 R295 452 883 Service Charges R133 804 925
Total locally-generated income Rental income R2 144 956
Interest and investments R13 330 991
Learn more Fines R1 732 270
Licenses and Permits R3 173 751 This shows how much income this municipality receives from each local source. Agency services R0
Other R11 457 485
Legend: ▶ Amount received
Types of transfers Financial year: Not available
Data not available yet. Not available
Total transfers to this municipality
Learn more
Transfers is income that the municipality receives from other parts of government.
This shows how much income this municipality receives from each type of transfer.
Each type of transfer is intended for an express purpose, and should not be used for anything else.
▶
Equitable share Financial year: Not available
Data not available yet. Not available Total equitable share allocated to this municipality
Learn more
This shows how much income this municipality receives as their equitable share.
Equitable share comes from the taxes paid to national government, and is intended to ensure that no one in South Africa shall go without their basic needs being met.
Provincial and national government also receive equitable share to fund the services that are provided by those spheres of government.
▶
National conditional grants Financial year: 2019-2020 Allocations
Municipal Disaster Grant R596 000 R41 634 000 Local Government Financial … R1 800 000
Integrated National Electri … R13 000 000 Total income from conditional grants from national departments for this municipality. Municipal Emergency Housin… R5 220 000
Municipal Infrastructure Gra… R17 318 000
Learn more Expanded Public Works Prog… R3 700 000
Legend: Conditional grants are money paid to municipalities and provinces to achieve speci c Allocations Amount transferred up to 2020 Q4 Amount spent up to 2020 Q4 outcomes.
This might be to ensure money is available for building infrastructure, or ensuring sta at the municipality receive the training needed to perform their job.
This shows how much money has been allocated to the municipality for each grant that they are receiving, how much has been paid to the municipality so far, and how much they have spent.
▶
Provincial transfers Financial year: Not available
Data not available yet. Not available Legend:
Total transfers from provincial government to Amount budgeted this municipality.
Learn more
Provincial transfers are income from the o c a a s e s a e co e o e government of the province where this municipality is located.
This income could be for services that are provided by the municipality under an agreement with the province, when it is actually the provincial government's responsibility. This can happen when the municipality is better-placed to provide that service.
It could also be for conditional grants paid by the province for disaster relief or other purposes.
This shows how much income the municipality receives from each provincial department.
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Planned and actual income over time
How much income is planned for, and how R450.0m much is actually received? R400.0m R350.0m R300.0m Learn more R250.0m R200.0m Municipalities must plan for the income they can realistically receive. R150.0m R100.0m Unrealistic plans result in disappointing service delivery. R50.0m R0 On the time series we can see whether the 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 municipality regularly over- or under-estimates how much money it will receive. Legend:
Original budget Adjusted budget Audited actual Forecast budget ▶
Where did the di erences in planned income occur? 2018-2019
Which sources provided more or less income Original Budget than planned? Fines R328.5k 23.05% R307.0k 21.54%
Government Transfers R28.9m 31.39% Learn more R32.6m 35.42%
By looking at where the di erences in planned Interest and investments R0 0% and actual income occurred, we can start seeing R231.1k 1.76% R3 whether it was bad planning on unforeseeable Licenses and Permits 0.07% circumstances. 000 −R987.1k -23.72%
Other −R113.0k -2.4% R6.7m 143.16%
Property rates −R7.7m -5.23% −R17.2m -11.69%
Rental income −R608.0k -32.5% ▶ R274.0k 14.64% Service Charges R520.9k 0.35% −R17.1m -11.35%
Legend:
Original to adjusted budget Original budget to audited outcome % Change within category
Spending
Sta Wages and Salaries 2018-2019
34.3%
Sta salaries and wages as a percentage of operating expenditure. 30%
About this indicator 25% 20% Employee-related costs are typically the largest portion of operating expenditure, but they should 15% not grow so large that they threaten the sustainability of the operating budget. 10%
The normal range for this indicator is between 25% 5% - 40% of total operating expenditure. Municipalities must guard against spending too 0% much on sta while also making sure they have 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 the people they need to deliver services e ectively. Show average for similar municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal or nationally
How is performance measured?
Good 25% - 40%
Bad < 25% or > 40%
Contractor Services 2018-2019
8.6%
Costs of contractor services as a percentage of operating expenditure. 8%
About this indicator 6%
Private contractors are sometimes needed for 4% certain work, but they are usually more expensive than municipal sta . This should be kept to a minimum and e orts should be made to provide 2% services in-house, where possible.
This measure is normally between 2 percent and 5 percent of total operating expenditure. 0% 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Show average for similar municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal or nationally How is performance measured?
Good 0% - 5%
Bad > 5%
What is money spent on?
Municipalities spend money on providing services and maintaining facilities for their residents. Community & Social Services
Electricity
Governance, Administration, Planning and Development Public Safety
Road Transport
Sport And Recreation 2019 2018 Waste Management 2017 2016 Housing
Planned and actual spending over time
How much did the municipality plan on R450.0m spending, and how much did they actually R400.0m spend? R350.0m R300.0m R250.0m Learn more R200.0m Running a municipality and delivering services R150.0m costs money. R100.0m By looking at how much money a municipality R50.0m planned to spend, and how much they actually R0 spent, we can understand more of what happened 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 during the year and what challenges they might have had. Legend:
A municipality might underspend - spend less than Original budget Adjusted budget Audited actual Forecast budget planned - if they did not get as much income as they planned, or if they did not manage their work properly. There might also have been other external disruptions.
▶
Where did the changes to planned spending occur? 2018-2019
What did the municipality spend more on, and Original Budget where did they spend less than planned? Bulk purchases −R1 0% −R14.9m -14.66%
Contracted services −R5.2m -9.25% Learn more −R26.9m -47.83%
Employee related costs By looking at which items the municipality spent −R2.1m -1.54% more on, and which they spent less on, we can get −R19.5m -14.31% a sense of which services might have had funding Finance charges 0% challenges, or disruptions that slowed work in that R0 0% area. Other 1.76% Some kinds of spending is also more exible than −R2.9m -2.78% others - if the municipality has less money than planned and has payment that can not be adapted Remuneration of councillors 1.85% to circumstances, the more exible spending −R387.8k -5.11% areas will have to su er. Transfers and subsidies R0 0% R0 0%
Legend:
Original to adjusted budget Original budget to audited outcome
% Change within category % g g y
▶
Household Bills
Monthly Total for Income Levels Over Time
About this indicator
Your municipal bill is made up of property rates, basic electricity levy, electricity consumption Affordable Range charge, basic water levy, water consumption 7000 charge, sanitation, refuse removal and ‘other’. Indigent HH receiving FBS Middle Income Range The property values, water consumption and 6000 electricity consumption of a household in an 5000 income category may di er from municipality to municipality. 4000
3000
2000
1000
0 ▶ 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 2021/22
Monthly Bills for Middle Income Over Time
1.22%
Average increase over the nancial years
Other 7000 About this indicator -12.39 % N/A Electricity: Basic levy 6000 Property rates A middle income household use as base a property Refuse removal value of R700 000, consumption of 1 000 kWh 5000 Electricity: Consumption electricity and 30kl water. 4000 The bill is made up of property rates, service charges for electricity, water, sanitation and 3000 refuse removal and various other charges which are typically small. 2000
Minimum service standards may di er between 1000 municipalities. These standards form part of the municipality’s budget which is consulted with 0 citizens in the period 1 April to 31 May each year. 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 2021/22
▶ Monthly Bills for A ordable Income Over Time
null%
Average increase over the nancial years
-15.18 % N/A Other About this indicator 4000 Property rates Refuse removal Electricity: Consumption 3000 The statistical standard set for a ordable income households is a base property value of between R500 000 and R700 000, consumption of 500 kWh 2000 electricity and 25kl water.
A basic levy is a xed monthly charge that does not change with the amount of service consumed. 1000 Not all municipalities use basic levies.
0 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 2021/22 ▶
Monthly Bills for Indigent Income Over Time
null%
Average increase over the nancial years
Other 3000 About this indicator Electricity: Basic levy -18.3 % N/A Property rates 2500 Free basic service (FBS) is de ned as the minimum Refuse removal amount of basic levels of services, provided on a Electricity: Consumption day to day basis, su cient to cover or cater for 2000 the basic needs of the poor households. 1500 Various sector departments have set minimum standards outlining basic amount of services or 1000 quantity to be supplied to the indigents with regards to water, energy, sanitation and refuse removal. 500
Only indigent households qualify for FBS and the 0 programme is solely intended to assist them. 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 2021/22 Municipalities subject all applications to means tests to determine whether households applying meet the criteria set by their municipality to qualify for indigent status.
There are di erent categories of subsidies as set out by the various indigent by-laws/policies of the municipalities. In some municipalities, households qualify for 100% subsidies while other qualify for less that 100% depending on the criteria set.
The bill represented in the graph re ects what it costs the municipality to render the services to indigent households, not what each indigent household needs to pay as these costs are covered by the Equitable Share grant allocation to the municipality.
▶ Resources
Understanding Municipal Financial reports Further reading
Finance Read more about Local Government Finances and Resources from the South African and international Treasury's Municipal Finance website is lled learn about how your money is spent. community. with resources on municipal nance. Annual Financial Statements of municipalities Local Government in South Africa – Part 5, Circular 71 explains many of the nancial norms since 2002-2003. These include the Notes to Finances, 19 March 2014 by Corruption Watch the Annual Financial Statements where you and indicators used to gauge the nancial Engaging with Government Budgets. An can nd explanations of speci c accounting performance of Municipalities. Activist’s Guide to South African Government practises and calculations used by the Budgets at Local, Provincial and National Level MFMA Return Forms submitted by municipality in its nancial reporting and some produced in 2012 by Ndifuna Ukwazi and the Municipalities to National Treasury. decision making. Understanding these forms can help you Social Justice Coalition State of Local Government Finances reports understand the information on Municipal Infographic: South Africa: Public Participation are published every year by National Treasury Money. Mechanisms in Fiscal Matters, 01 July 2015 by and describe in detail how Municipalities are Global Initiative for Fiscal Transparency (GIFT) A Million Bags of a Million Rand - a video by the performing. Auditor General's o ce which simpli es audit Infographic: High Level Principles on Fiscal In-year Management, Monitoring and outcomes. Transparency, 04 July 2015 by Global Initiative Evaluation of Municipal Finances . Annual and for Fiscal Transparency (GIFT) Understanding the Standard Chart of Accounts quarterly PDF and Excel reports on Municipal - a video by the National Treasury on mSCOA. nances since 2007. A Guide to Conducting Social Audits in South Understanding the Public Finance Management Africa, November 2015 by International Budget Act & Municipal Finance Management Act - a Partnership (IBP) video by the National Treasury on irregular Infographic: Open Budget Survey 2015 by expenditure and material irregularity. International Budget Partnership (IBP)
Open Budget Survey 2015 by International Budget Partnership (IBP)
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