Activity Time! ? VOCABULARY THINK YOUR DRINK What comes from a cow? Activity from USDA/ChooseMyPlate.

Amino Acids Homogenize Amino acids are special organic molecules used by To treat milk so that the fat is mixed throughout living organisms to make proteins. The main elements instead of floating on top. Processing plants do this, non-fat in amino acids are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and and it is where fat is removed in order to produce orange juice cola nitrogen. There are twenty different kinds of amino reduced-fat, low-fat, and skim milk. acids that combine to make proteins in our bodies.

Our bodies can actually make some amino acids, but Lactose 1. Circle the foods made from 2. Tell a friend which the rest we must get from our food. A found in milk and some milk products. milk or that include ingredients ingredients in the pictures If someone is “lactose intolerant,” it means that made from milk. are made from milk. Casein his or her body is unable to digest this sugar. diet cola fat-free milk sports drink A protein found in milk solids; it is a major component of . Nutrient 3) How much of the A substance that plants, animals, recommended DV of milk did Find these drinks at home or the grocery store. COW CALCULATIONS Look at the nutrition label on each item to and people need to live and grow. 1) Imagine that so far today you’ve you get from these foods? answer these questions: The thick, solid part that is produced when eaten: ½ cup of milk in a bowl of 1. Rank the drinks from lowest to highest sugar levels. the and water are removed from milk. Pasteurize cereal for breakfast, A mini-pizza How much more should you Cheese is made from milk curds. To heat milk to a high enough temperature 1) 4) for lunch that contained 1/4 cup of have today? (at least 145 degrees for milk) for a long enough shredded mozzarella cheese, and a 2) 5) Daily Value period of time (half an hour) so that you kill certain 1/2 cup sized container of What foods can you eat before 3) 6) Nutrition specialists know how much of each food bacteria, which is important for food safety. for a snack. bedtime to get your DV? 2. What is the relationship between added sugar and group kids and adults should get every day to have a carbohydrate levels? healthy diet. The daily value (DV) tells you how much Protein 2) Using the measuring cup, determine the total amount of of this food you should eat to meet these daily goals. Proteins are long chains of amino acids. you’ve had by coloring and labeling each ingredient’s measurements. 3. Which drink has the highest amount of calcium? Protein is needed to build, repair Which one has the lowest? Dairy and maintain the body. Dairy products are foods made from milk, such as cheese and yogurt. 4. What other products can you eat/drink that help Udder The mammary gland of cows; it resembles 2 CUP 16oz you to get your daily requirement of calcium? 1¾ 14oz Enzymes a bag, and the large nipples, or teats, Breaks down your food so it can get into are squeezed to release milk. 1½ 12oz 5. Which drink do you think is the healthiest? Why? your cells (the basic unit of life). 1¼ 10oz Whey Fluid Milk The liquid remaining after milk has been 1 CUP 8oz Is milk in its liquid form and hasn’t been ¾ 6oz separated. It is a protein, and contains How much is enough? turned into a . about half of milk’s nutrients. ½ 4oz Recommended Daily Value (DV) = 3 cups of calcium-rich,

¼ 2oz low-or non-fat dairy foods.

Source: milklife.com Source:

Source: fsn.usda.gov/nslp Source:

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CALCIUM AND THE BONE BANK NEVADA CONNECTION: Your bones are like calcium banks. As you grow, your body absorbs calcium Anderson Dairy and stores it in your bones, depositing it in your “bone bank.” That’s why you Anderson Dairy enjoys a need to eat lots of calcium when you’re rich tradition and heritage still growing. It’s important to “fill up that dates to 1907, when the bank” as much as possible, because Harry Anderson first began when you are older, your bones lose the his dairy operation in Las ability to absorb calcium. If your bones Vegas. That tradition Each day, dairy cows eat 90 pounds of alfalfa continues today. NEVADA’S COW POWER hay, silage (fermented corn, wheat, or hay with have too many holes, they become weak. There are approximately 28 in stalks and leaves), corn, and grain. Also, they This is a condition called osteoporosis. For more than 100 years Anderson Dairy has Nevada raising 45,000 cows. Most of drink 25-50 gallons of water—that’s about a As you get older, your body will withdraw been dedicated to doing one thing the best: these dairies are in the northwestern bathtub full of water! from this calcium bank to keep your produce fresh, great tasting milk and other dairy part of Nevada, near Reno, but the bones strong during adulthood. products. Anderson Dairy serves its milk to many largest dairies are in southern Nevada. Each dairy cow in Nevada produces an Nevada schools and has been a principle dairy average of 22,143 pounds of milk per supplier for southern Nevada -- it’s the way Nevada dairy cows produce nearly 666 year, and 10 gallons per day! Harry Anderson would have wanted it to be. million pounds of milk per year. There are 5 major breeds or types of dairy cows: 1 Holstein, Jersey, Ayrshire, Guernsey, and That’s a-MOO-zing! ! FOOD SAFETY ! Brown Swiss. Holsteins, (the black-and- Why is important? 37˚F white cows) are the most common type to THE MAKEUP OF MILK 5 2 of cow found in Nevada and produce Pasteurization is a process that 39˚F the most milk. Jersey cows, which are Milk is 85 percent water. The rest is comprised kills harmful bacteria by heating Dairy Process milk to a specific temperature smaller than Holsteins, are very light of fat, protein, and other solids, including ash, brown in color. Jersey cows are prized calcium, and other minerals. The solids are for a set period of time. First developed by Louis Pasteur in for their milk’s high butterfat content. used to make cheese. 1864, pasteurization kills harmful organisms responsible 4 3 In northern Nevada, milk produced for such diseases as listeriosis, NATURE’S SPORTS DRINK on dairy farms either goes to milk typhoid fever, tuberculosis, diphtheria, and brucellosis. processing plants, such as Model Dairy, After your next soccer game or bike ride, reach to be turned into drinkable milk, or it for a nice tall glass of chocolate milk. Researchers Research shows no meaningful 1) Cow gets milked 4) Milk gets pasteurized, goes to the Dairy Farmers of America have discovered that chocolate milk is the best difference in the nutritional values at an automated homogenized and (DFA) dry milk processing plant in Fallon, beverage you can drink after exercising. This of pasteurized and unpasteurized parlor. bottled at a where it is turned into milk powder milk. Pasteurized milk contains low is because it is an affordable, easy-to-digest levels of the type of nonpathogenic processing plant. or . Milk produced combination of proteins and carbohydrates that 2) Milk gets stored bacteria that can cause food spoilage, in a temperature 5) Milk gets delivered by southern Nevada dairy farms is help to repair muscles, replace lost nutrients, and so storing pasteurized milk in the largely used in Las Vegas or shipped controlled tank to grocery stores, refuel energy. In fact, for refueling after exercise, refrigerator is still important. between 37˚ F - 39˚ F schools and to California, where it is processed to non-fat chocolate milk is preferred over regular (SOURCE: U.S. Food & Drug Administration) customers. become drinking milk or cheese. milk! So stir in some chocolate and drink up! 3) Milk gets transported to the milk plant in an

(Source: Libby Lovig, RDN, LD and The Dairy Council of UT/NV) (Source: Illinois Department of Agriculture and The Dairy Council of UT/NV) insulated truck.

lower temperature than normal. As the water is What kind of preparation, How did you get into this line of work? being removed, the milk solids increase. Then we training, or skills does it take can fortify the milk with certain nutrients to meet to do this kind of work? My parents emigrated here from the the needs of customers’ various recipes.

Azores Islands off the coast of Portugal. CAREER CORNER Their first jobs were on dairy farms. I I majored in dairy science when I was in Dry milk is made simply by removing more water. was very involved in that with them, and college at California Polytechnic Institute. We pump the milk into a drying chamber at 425 when I went to college I was interested in There’s a lot of business and technical degrees F, and remove 97 percent of the water agriculture. I went into sales after college, information you need to learn in order to remaining in the overall solids. Dry milk can be working for an agricultural company in run a dairy farm. But a lot is learned on the stored up to two years before being used, while a central California. I had always wanted to job, just working hands on with the cows. gallon of may go bad very quickly. run a dairy farm, and my wife, Heather, a And it’s not easy, so you have to really love it. Isidro Alves, Owner teacher, is my partner. and Dairy Farmer How do you prepare for this career? What is a typical day like for you? I’ve been working in the dairy industry since at Sand Hill Dairy 1985, and I’ve gained experience while on the I wake at about 2:00 a.m., and the first Wes Clark, Facility job. While experience is great, it is important to thing I do is go to the dairy. The cows are Describe Sand look for the school that fits your career needs. milked, and I transfer the milk to a vat for Manager, Dairy Farmers Hill Dairy and your Direct training for dairy manufacturing jobs is pasteurization. Then I do a series of tests job there. difficult to find, however some universities do and lab work on the milk to be sure the of America (DFA) offer it. Check out food science or microbiology product is safe for the market. That takes Fallon Dry Milk programs, or if you are interested in maintenance, We’re a dairy farm in Fallon. We milk me until about 5:00 a.m. At 5, my cheese you might want to look at computer science. about 500 cows every day, twice a day. makers come in, and I go to the dairy site, Processing Plant We sell to the dry milk plant here in Fallon, away from processing room, and I feed the People look at the dairy industry and think we’re and we sell bottled milk around Reno and cows, doctor them, and make sure they’re Describe your job. all just milking cows. But this is a technical Carson City. A few years ago, we started milked with the milking machines. We have world, and we run the plant with about 45 people, making cheese, too. We make queso about 11,000 cows. That’s the rest of the My responsibilities are managing plant and 2 million pounds of milk run through it. We fresco, which is known here as farmer’s day, basically. I do deliveries a few days, operations at the DFA plant in Fallon, dealing live in a technological world where computers cheese; it has a fresh, crumbled texture. too. The rest of the time is spent managing with production, shipping and receiving, run the equipment, but the people have to know The Spanish eat it all the time crumbled employees. My workday runs until about maintenance, and sanitation. I oversee the what the computers are doing. You also need to on tacos and salads. We also make some 6 or 7:00 p.m. Cows are a 24/7 kind of job. production of , fortified powders, understand milk chemistry. An interest in, and fresh mozzarella. They don’t know when it’s a holiday, they , and skim milk powder. My job understanding of science is important too. still have to eat! is to ensure we have enough milk volume daily, My job is to manage the employees, all and to manage the people who test the food aspects of that, as well as make sure safety and quality of our products. What’s your favorite part of your job? What’s your favorite part of your job? that the cows are fed on time, care for any sick cows, oversee the processing There are so many that it’s hard to list just Being on the dairy, caring for cows. What are dried and evaporated milk, of all milk and cheese, and ensure that one! I would start with working in a brand-new It’s enjoyable, and it’s the reason I got and how do you make them? sanitation policies are followed. We facility, working with a great staff, and working have seven employees: five on the into this business in the first place. It’s Evaporated milk is milk that has had with state-of-the-art technology. Also, it’s being dairy farm and two in processing. I peaceful. All the processing is great, large portions of water removed. The milk proud of what we’ve done here as a team, also do milk and cheese deliveries but it takes me away from the farm, is pumped through a heated vessel under from the operators on the floor to the dairy to stores, mostly in Reno, two or which is what I like best. a low level of vacuum. This pressure farmers who ship the milk to the plant. three times a week. causes the liquid to evaporate at a