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Aircraft Accident Report Dana/2012/06/03/F v AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT REPORT DANA/2012/06/03/F Accident Investigation Bureau Report on the Accident to DANA AIRLINES NIGERIA LIMITED Boeing MD-83 aircraft with registration 5N-RAM which occurred at Iju-Ishaga Area of Lagos State, Nigeria On 3rd June 2012 Published by Accident Investigation Bureau, of Nigeria Aircraft Accident Report DANA/2012/06/03/F 5N-RAM This Report is produced by the Accident Investigation Bureau (AIB), Murtala Muhammed International Airport, Ikeja, Lagos. The Report is based upon the investigation carried out by Accident Investigation Bureau, in accordance with Annex 13 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, Nigerian Civil Aviation Act 2006, and Civil Aviation (Investigation of Air Accidents and Incidents) Regulations. It is not the purpose of aircraft accident/serious incident investigations to apportion blame or liability. Readers are advised that Accident Investigation Bureau investigates for the sole purpose of enhancing aviation safety. Consequently, Accident Investigation Bureau reports are confined to matters of safety significance and should not be used for any other purpose. As the Bureau believes that safety information is of great value if it is passed on for the use of others, readers are encouraged to copy or reprint for further distribution, acknowledging Accident Investigation Bureau, Nigeria as the source. Recommendations in this report are addressed to the regulatory Authorities of the state (NCAA). It is for this authority to ensure enforcement. © Copyright: Accident Investigation Bureau, Nigeria Printed in Nigeria for the Accident Investigation Bureau (AIB) ii Aircraft Accident Report DANA/2012/06/03/F 5N-RAM TABLE OF CONTENTS GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS REPORT .......................... viii LIST OF FIGURES...........................................................................................xi SYNOPSIS ...................................................................................................... 1 1.0 FACTUAL INFORMATION ...................................................................... 4 1.1 History of the Flight .......................................................................... 4 1.2 Injuries to Persons ............................................................................ 7 1.3 Damage to Aircraft ............................................................................ 7 1.4 Other Damage .................................................................................. 9 1.5 Personnel Information ..................................................................... 10 1.5.1 Captain ..................................................................... 10 1.5.2 First Officer ................................................................ 14 1.6 Aircraft Information ......................................................................... 15 1.6.1 Engine Description…………………………………………………….19 1.6.2 Left Engine (No.1)-Serial Number-(SN)-718142 ............ 21 1.6.3 Right Engine (No.2)-Serial Number-728113……………. .... 28 1.6.4 Engines Audio Spectrum Analysis ................................. 33 1.6.5 Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) .......................................... 33 1.6.6 Battery Power ............................................................. 33 1.6.7 Fuel System - Airframe ................................................ 34 1.6.8 The Engine Fuel System .............................................. 35 1.6.9 F.S.C. Engine No.1 Teardown Report ........................... 37 iii Aircraft Accident Report DANA/2012/06/03/F 5N-RAM 1.6.9.1 F.S.C. Engine No.2 Teardown Report………………………….38 1.6.10 Hydraulics .................................................................. 39 1.7 Meteorological Information .............................................................. 40 1.8 Aids to Navigation ........................................................................... 41 1.9 Communications ............................................................................. 42 1.10 Aerodrome Information ................................................................... 42 1.11 Flight Recorders .............................................................................. 42 1.12 Wreckage and Impact Information ................................................... 44 1.13 Medical and Pathological Information ............................................... 47 1.14 Fire ................................................................................................ 48 1.15 Survival Aspects .............................................................................. 48 1.16 Test and Research .......................................................................... 49 1.16.1 Fuel Test .................................................................... 49 1.16.2 Simulator Programme Conducted at PAIFA ................... 50 1.16.3 Fuel Nozzle Test……………………………………………………….55 1.16.4 Metallurgical Test of Fuel Manifold Component ............. 55 1.17 Organization and Management Information ...................................... 55 1.17.1 Description of Organizational Structure ......................... 55 1.17.1.1 Chief Pilot ................................................................... 57 1.17.1.2 Recruitment of Foreign pilots ....................................... 59 1.17.2 NCAA ......................................................................... 59 1.17.3 NAMA. ........................................................................ 60 iv Aircraft Accident Report DANA/2012/06/03/F 5N-RAM 1.17.4 Millenium Engine Associates Inc ................................... 61 1.17.5 Pratt and Whitney ....................................................... 61 1.18 Additional Information ..................................................................... 62 1.18.1 Dana Airlines Internal Investigation (5N-RAM) ........................ 62 1.18.2 Related Incident-MD-83-(5N-SAI) .......................................... 65 1.18.3 Regulatory Information ......................................................... 68 1.18.4 Witness Account by Ground Personnel (Abuja)……………………. 68 1.18.4.1 Other Witness Accounts……………………………………………….....69 1.19 Useful or Effective Investigation Techniques ..................................... 69 2.0 ANALYSIS…………………………………………………………….…………….70 2.1 The Conduct of Flight ...................................................................... 70 2.2 Dana Airlines Policy/Procedures ....................................................... 74 2.2.1 Captain Recruitment/Training Records ..................................... 76 2.3 Simulator Programme Conducted at PAIFA ......................................... 78 2.4 Similarities in Engines Inspection Reports of the Accident Aircraft 5N-RAM and Air Return Aircraft 5N-SAI ........................................................ 78 2.4.1 Fuel System Components (Engine No. 1) ................................ 81 2.4.2 Fuel System Components (Engine No.2) ................................. 82 2.4.3 Fuel Nozzle ............................................................................ 82 2.4.4 Engine Audio Spectrum Analysis .............................................. 83 2.4.5 Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) ...................................................... 83 2.4.6 Battery Power ........................................................................ 83 v Aircraft Accident Report DANA/2012/06/03/F 5N-RAM 2.4.7 Hydraulics .............................................................................. 84 2.4.8 Engines…………………………………………………………………………….. 84 2.4.9 Suction Feed Capability………………………………………………………. 85 2.5 The Dana Airlines Air Return (Related Incident) ................................ 85 2.6 Metallurgical Test of Fuel Manifold Component………………………………. 87 2.7 Witnesses………………………………………………………………………………….. 89 2.8 NCAA ................................................................................... ………..89 2.9 NAMA ............................................................................................ 90 3.0 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................... 92 3.1 Findings. ........................................................................................ 92 3.2 Probable Causal Factors ................................................................. 94 4.0 SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………..………………....95 Interim Safety Recommendations .............................................................. 95 Responses to Interim Safety Recommendations .......................................... 99 SAFETY ACTIONS TAKEN ................................................................................ 99 Engineering Authorization-Dana Air ............................................................ 99 APPENDICES: A. Engine Exam and Disassembly Field Notes……………………….. 100 B. Extract from Dana Airlines Operations Manual Part A (Captain’s Authority) ……………….…………………………………………………… 154 C. Extract from Dana Airlines Operations Document (Quick vi Aircraft Accident Report DANA/2012/06/03/F 5N-RAM Reference Checklist) (QRC)…………………………..……………….. 158 D. NCAA Audit on Dana ……………………………………………………… 166 E. Final Report on Forensic Investigation of bodies………………… 167 F. Preliminary Inspection Report…………………………………………. 174 G. Engineering Authorization ………………………………………………. 186 H. NAMA ATC OPS Manager Report……………………………………… 191 I. Metallurgical Test of the Fuel Manifold Component Report….. 193 vii Aircraft Accident Report DANA/2012/06/03/F 5N-RAM GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS USED IN
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