DOCSLIB.ORG

Barriers and Opportunities to the Use of Payments for Ecosystem Services

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Barriers and Opportunities to the Use of Payments for Ecosystem Services Barriers and Opportunities to the Use of Payments for Ecosystem Services Final Report September 2011 Prepared for: www.urs-scottwilson.com Defra Barriers and Opportunities to the Use of Payments for Ecosystem Services Revision Schedule Final Report September 2011 Rev Date Details Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by 03 18 Final Report Petrina Rowcroft Jeremy Richardson Stuart Coventry September Principal Consultant, URS Technical Director, URS Director, URS Scott 2011 Scott Wilson Scott Wilson Wilson Steven Smith Associate, URS Scott Wilson Liz Clarke Senior Assistant Consultant, URS Scott Wilson Ken Thomson The James Hutton Institute Mark Reed University of Aberdeen 02 29 July 2011 Draft Final Report (2) for client comment 01 03 June 2011 Draft Final Report (1) for client comment URS Scott Wilson 6 – 8 Greencoat Place London SW1P 1PL Tel 020 7798 5000 Fax 020 7798 5001 www.urs-scottwilson.com Defra Barriers and Opportunities to the Use of Payments for Ecosystem Services Limitations URS Scott Wilson Ltd (“URS Scott Wilson”) has prepared this Report for the sole use of Defra (“Client”) in accordance with the Agreement under which our services were performed. No other warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to the professional advice included in this Report or any other services provided by URS Scott Wilson. This Report may not be relied upon by any other party without the prior and express written agreement of URS Scott Wilson. The conclusions and recommendations contained in this Report are based upon information provided by others and upon the assumption that all relevant information has been provided by those parties from whom it has been requested and that such information is accurate. Information obtained by URS Scott Wilson has not been independently verified by URS Scott Wilson, unless otherwise stated in the Report. The methodology adopted and the sources of information used by URS Scott Wilson in providing its services are outlined in this Report. The scope of this Report and the services are accordingly factually limited by these circumstances. Where assessments of works or costs identified in this Report are made, such assessments are based upon the information available at the time and where appropriate are subject to further investigations or information which may become available. URS Scott Wilson disclaim any undertaking or obligation to advise any person of any change in any matter affecting the Report, which may come or be brought to URS Scott Wilson’s attention after the date of the Report. Certain statements made in the Report that are not historical facts may constitute estimates, projections or other forward-looking statements and even though they are based on reasonable assumptions as of the date of the Report, such forward-looking statements by their nature involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results predicted. URS Scott Wilson specifically does not guarantee or warrant any estimate or projections contained in this Report. Copyright © This Report is the copyright of URS Scott Wilson Ltd. Any unauthorised reproduction or usage by any person other than the addressee is strictly prohibited. Defra Barriers and Opportunities to the Use of Payments for Ecosystem Services Table of Contents List of abbreviations ................................................................................... 1 Executive summary..................................................................................... 3 Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 3 Research findings........................................................................................................................... 3 Potential next steps...................................................................................................................... 12 1 Background .................................................................................... 16 1.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 16 1.2 Ecosystem Services ....................................................................................................... 16 1.3 Payments for Ecosystem Services................................................................................. 18 1.4 A greater role for PES? .................................................................................................. 18 1.5 This report ...................................................................................................................... 20 2 PES theory and practice ................................................................ 22 2.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 22 2.2 The rationale for PES ..................................................................................................... 22 2.3 Defining PES .................................................................................................................. 23 2.4 What does PES involve?................................................................................................ 29 2.5 Success factors .............................................................................................................. 31 2.6 Design variables............................................................................................................. 34 2.7 PES internationally ......................................................................................................... 38 3 Barriers to the use of PES ............................................................. 47 3.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 47 3.2 Informational...................................................................................................................48 3.3 Technical ........................................................................................................................ 48 3.4 Spatial ............................................................................................................................ 59 3.5 Temporal ........................................................................................................................64 3.6 Financial ......................................................................................................................... 66 3.7 Institutional ..................................................................................................................... 68 3.8 Cultural factors ............................................................................................................... 73 3.9 Legal............................................................................................................................... 74 3.10 Equity considerations ..................................................................................................... 76 4 The scope for PES in England ...................................................... 78 4.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 78 4.2 Enclosed farmland (EFL)................................................................................................ 83 4.3 Semi-natural grasslands (SNGLs).................................................................................. 95 4.4 Woodlands ................................................................................................................... 109 Defra Barriers and Opportunities to the Use of Payments for Ecosystem Services 4.5 Freshwaters - openwaters, wetlands and floodplains................................................... 127 4.6 Mountains, moorlands and heaths ............................................................................... 143 4.7 Coastal Margins ........................................................................................................... 163 4.8 Marine .......................................................................................................................... 172 4.9 Urban............................................................................................................................ 184 5 Conclusions and suggested next steps..................................... 194 5.1 Introduction................................................................................................................... 194 5.2 Conclusions.................................................................................................................. 194 5.3 Potential next steps ...................................................................................................... 203 Appendix 1 – Workshops ....................................................................... 208 Regional Workshop.................................................................................................................... 208 National Workshop..................................................................................................................... 210 Defra Barriers and Opportunities to the Use of Payments for Ecosystem Services List of Figures Figure 1: Locating PES within a broader suite of market-based instruments .............................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hc 797 2012-2013
    REPORT BY THE COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR GENERAL HC 797 SESSION 2012-13 12 DECEMBER 2012 Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Streamlining farm oversight Our vision is to help the nation spend wisely. We apply the unique perspective of public audit to help Parliament and government drive lasting improvement in public services. The National Audit Office scrutinises public spending for Parliament and is independent of government. The Comptroller and Auditor General (C&AG), Amyas Morse, is an Officer of the House of Commons and leads the NAO, which employs some 860 staff. The C&AG certifies the accounts of all government departments and many other public sector bodies. He has statutory authority to examine and report to Parliament on whether departments and the bodies they fund have used their resources efficiently, effectively, and with economy. Our studies evaluate the value for money of public spending, nationally and locally. Our recommendations and reports on good practice help government improve public services, and our work led to audited savings of more than £1 billion in 2011. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Streamlining farm oversight Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed on 10 December 2012 This report has been prepared under Section 6 of the National Audit Act 1983 for presentation to the House of Commons in accordance with Section 9 of the Act Amyas Morse Comptroller and Auditor General National Audit Office 6 December 2012 HC 797 London: The Stationery Office £16.00 This report considers the extent to which farm oversight is being successfully streamlined.
    [Show full text]
  • Rural Payments Agency Business Plan 2014/15
    Rural Payments Agency Business Plan 2014/15 Contents Foreword by the Chief Executive Officer 2 Our purpose 3 Our strategic goals and priorities 4 Indicators and targets 4 Year three of our Five Year Plan – what will we deliver in 2014/15? 6 Being more efficient 10 Better regulation 11 Risk management 12 Joint working and service delivery reform 13 Tackling fraud and error 14 Our people 15 Sustainability 16 Health and Safety 17 Annex A - Financial information 18 Annex B - Governance 22 Annex C - Overview of RPA governance structure 24 Annex D - New activity in 2014/15 25 Annex E - How to contact us 27 Foreword by the Chief Executive Officer Today’s Rural Payments Agency (RPA) is completely unrecognisable from the organisation I joined just over three years ago. When we launched our Five Year Plan in 2012, we promised to stabilise the agency within two years to be in the best position possible to deliver Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform in 2015. I am delighted to report this objective has been achieved. By the end of 2013/14 we had delivered the majority of our Strategic Improvement Plan projects and turned in our best ever SPS payments performance while continuing to offer excellent service in other ‘business as usual’ areas such as British Cattle Movement Service (BCMS), farm inspections and our Trader schemes. The coming year will be extremely challenging as we prepare our people, customers and systems for major reform of the CAP. Our aim is to deliver quality business as usual services and safeguard our performance from 2013/14, while also ensuring we are prepared for the change needed to support CAP reform.
    [Show full text]
  • UK Multi-National Control Plan 2013-2019 Updated 2018
    Multi -Annual National Control Plan for the United Kingdom April 2013 to March 2019 April 2013 to March 2019 (last updated March 2018) Index Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Management of the review and reporting process ...................................................................................... 5 Chapter 2 – National Strategic Objectives ....................................................................................................... 6 Overall Objectives of the MANCP ................................................................................................................. 6 Overall Objectives of Central Competent Authorities (CCAs) ................................................................... 7 Food Standards Agency (FSA) ...................................................................................................................... 7 Food Standards Scotland (FSS) .................................................................................................................... 7 Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) ................................................................... 8 Chapter 3 – Designation of Competent Authorities, ..................................................................................... 10 National Reference Laboratories (NRLs) & Control Bodies .......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Decision Document
    Environment Agency permitting decisions Bespoke permit We have decided to grant the permit for Clearwell Farm operated by Mr Jonathan Hay. The permit number is EPR/WP3034VF This was applied for and determined as a new bespoke application. The application was duly made on 08/08/2014. We consider in reaching that decision we have taken into account all relevant considerations and legal requirements and that the permit will ensure that the appropriate level of environmental protection is provided. Purpose of this document This decision document: • explains how the application has been determined • provides a record of the decision-making process • shows how all relevant factors have been taken into account • justifies the specific conditions in the permit other than those in our generic permit template. Unless the decision document specifies otherwise we have accepted the applicant’s proposals. Structure of this document • Key issues: Ammonia Emissions; Industrial Emissions Directive (IED); Groundwater/Soil Monitoring; Odour management • Annex 1 the decision checklist • Annex 2 the consultation and web publicising responses EPR/WP3034VF/A001 Issued 06/11/14 Page 1 of 13 Key issues of the decision Ammonia Emissions There are four European designated sites located within ten kilometres, sixteen Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) located within five kilometres, seven Local Wildlife Sites (LWS) and ten Ancient Woodlands (AW) located within two kilometres of the installation. Ammonia Assessment – SAC / SPA / Ramsar sites The following trigger thresholds have been applied for assessment of European sites including Ramsar sites: • if the process contribution (PC) is below 4% of the relevant critical level (CLe) or critical load (CLo) then the farm can be permitted with no further assessment; • where this threshold is exceeded an assessment alone and in combination is required; • an overlapping in combination assessment will be completed where existing farms are identified within 10 km of the habitat site.
    [Show full text]
  • Countryside Stewardship: Hedgerows and Boundaries
    The European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development Europe investing in rural areas Countryside Stewardship: Hedgerows and Boundaries Countryside www.gov.uk/rpa/cs Stewardship Protecting the natural environment for future generations Cover image © Peter Roworth1 Are you and your land registered? Not registered: call us on 03000 200 301 and we can help you. If you are registered: sign in now and check your information is up to date. Make sure that all the land parcels you want to include in your application are registered in the Rural Payments service, and linked to your Single Business Identifier (SBI). www.gov.uk/claim-rural-payments Contents Updates for 2020 including table of key dates 4 Introduction 5 Section 1. Scheme overview 6 Section 2. How it works 8 Section 3. Who can apply and what land is eligible 11 Section 4. How to apply 17 Section 5. Choosing capital items 23 Section 6. Scheme requirements and procedures 25 Section 7: Agreement management 29 Annex 1: Countryside Stewardship terms and conditions 34 Annex 2: Contact details 48 Follow us on social media 49 Updates for 2020 and key dates Countryside Stewardship Protecting the natural Hedgerows and Boundaries updates for 2020: environment for future generations • If you send your completed application by email, you no longer have to print the relevant sections and forms to sign (and then scan back into your computer). You can email your completed application without having signed it. You need to make sure you have the correct permission level in Rural Payments and that the email address for your business is registered in the Rural Payments service.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019-Vulnerability of British Farms
    Vulnerability of British farms to post-Brexit subsidy removal, and ANGOR UNIVERSITY implications for intensification, extensification and land sparing. Arnott, David; Chadwick, David; Wynne-Jones, Sophie; Jones, Davey L. Land Use Policy DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104154 PRIFYSGOL BANGOR / B Published: 01/08/2021 Peer reviewed version Cyswllt i'r cyhoeddiad / Link to publication Dyfyniad o'r fersiwn a gyhoeddwyd / Citation for published version (APA): Arnott, D., Chadwick, D., Wynne-Jones, S., & Jones, D. L. (2021). Vulnerability of British farms to post-Brexit subsidy removal, and implications for intensification, extensification and land sparing. Land Use Policy, 107, [104154]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104154 Hawliau Cyffredinol / General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. 01. Oct. 2021 Vulnerability of British farms to post-Brexit subsidy removal, and implications for intensification, extensification and land sparing.
    [Show full text]
  • JNCC Coastal Directories Project Team
    Coasts and seas of the United Kingdom Region 11 The Western Approaches: Falmouth Bay to Kenfig edited by J.H. Barne, C.F. Robson, S.S. Kaznowska, J.P. Doody, N.C. Davidson & A.L. Buck Joint Nature Conservation Committee Monkstone House, City Road Peterborough PE1 1JY UK ©JNCC 1996 This volume has been produced by the Coastal Directories Project of the JNCC on behalf of the project Steering Group and supported by WWF-UK. JNCC Coastal Directories Project Team Project directors Dr J.P. Doody, Dr N.C. Davidson Project management and co-ordination J.H. Barne, C.F. Robson Editing and publication S.S. Kaznowska, J.C. Brooksbank, A.L. Buck Administration & editorial assistance C.A. Smith, R. Keddie, J. Plaza, S. Palasiuk, N.M. Stevenson The project receives guidance from a Steering Group which has more than 200 members. More detailed information and advice came from the members of the Core Steering Group, which is composed as follows: Dr J.M. Baxter Scottish Natural Heritage R.J. Bleakley Department of the Environment, Northern Ireland R. Bradley The Association of Sea Fisheries Committees of England and Wales Dr J.P. Doody Joint Nature Conservation Committee B. Empson Environment Agency Dr K. Hiscock Joint Nature Conservation Committee C. Gilbert Kent County Council & National Coasts and Estuaries Advisory Group Prof. S.J. Lockwood MAFF Directorate of Fisheries Research C.R. Macduff-Duncan Esso UK (on behalf of the UK Offshore Operators Association) Dr D.J. Murison Scottish Office Agriculture, Environment & Fisheries Department Dr H.J. Prosser Welsh Office Dr J.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Does the Food System Constrict Healthy Choices for Typical British Families?
    FORCE-FED Does the food system constrict healthy choices for typical British families? Contents Acronyms .......................................................................... 03 Chapter 2: Environmental costs .......................................................... 39 Acknowledgements .......................................................... 03 The food our families eat, and throw away ...................... 22 A yoghurt ........................................................................... 40 Funding ............................................................................. 03 Where typical family food comes from Cost of ingredients ............................................................ 40 Executive Summary ........................................................... 04 and how much it costs ...................................................... 23 Efficiencies of scale ............................................................ 40 Introduction ...................................................................... 07 What typical families actually buy and eat ....................... 24 Advertising ......................................................................... 40 What is a ‘typical’ family? ................................................. 09 Retail purchases ................................................................ 24 Potatoes ............................................................................. 40 Report overview ................................................................ 09 Eating
    [Show full text]
  • Download the Report
    Contents Acknowledgements Executive Summary 4 1 Setting the Scene 6 2 UK Agricultural Land today 7 3 Analysis: Demand & Supply of land to 2030 10 4 Land Use Vision & Key Objectives 14 5 Decision Making Framework principles 15 6 Proposed Actions for UK Government 16 7 The Next Steps 19 Appendix: key assumptions 20 References 22 22 p.22 Copyright © 2014 University of Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership (CISL). Some rights reserved. The material featured in this report is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License. This document is available for download from the CISL website: www.cisl.cam.ac.uk/natcap This publication has been developed by and is released by CISL, 1 Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1QA, UK. Email: [email protected] Acknowledgements This report was written by Andrew Montague-Fuller of the University of Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership (CISL). CISL would like to thank all participating companies for their input into the collaboratory process. CISL’s Natural Capital Leaders Platform The UK agricultural land use collaboratory, led convenes companies wishing to better by the Cambridge Natural Capital Leaders understand and manage their impacts and Platform, served as a vehicle for engaging dependencies on natural capital. By valuing industry in a review of the demand and supply these impacts and dependencies, our of UK agricultural land use and potential members are able to make better decisions, responses. identify new business opportunities and Our particular thanks go to Mark Reader, contribute solutions to natural capital loss and ecosystem degradation. Department of Land Economy (University of Cambridge) for his research into agricultural land demand and supply options.
    [Show full text]
  • May 2020 Email Newsletter
    Herefordshire Rural Hub Helping Rural Businesses Thrive Company No: 7495168 May 2020 Newsletter Herefordshire Rural Hub CIC Agriculture House COVID-19 Coronovirus – some useful links Beech Business Park Tillington Road Gov.UK Guidance for employers and businesses Hereford, HR4 9QJ Tel: 01432 268 428 Marches Growth Hub Co-ordinator Information on the advice and support being offered for businesses, employers, self-employed. Caron Johnson [email protected] Herefordshire Council Administrator The latest news on how Coronavirus is affecting Frances Keogh residents and services across the county [email protected] Event bookings WISH Herefordshire Tel: 01432 353 465 If you need information, advice or support during the COVID-19 situation, [email protected] including where you can order ready-made meals, groceries/food for delivery, take a look at what's available in your local area Hub Directors Liz Lloyd (Chair) Red Tractor COVID-19 Hub Chris England Christine Hope NHS How to protect yourself or check if you need medical help Cathy Meredith Dan Robertson Kate Speke Guidance on Public Rights of Way and access due to COVID-19 Hub Hot Group Including posters for you to download The Directors and ….. Jenny Beard AHDB Ben Corbett Up to date coronavirus-related information and advice Paul Crumpton for Farmers and Growers Catherine Every Charlotte Gibb Clare Greener APHA TBHub Caron Johnson Rachel Jones Frances Keogh Andy Offer Thank you to our “Go To Businesses” who can be found Julian Partridge Nick Read on our website at www.herefordshireruralhub.co.uk/go-to-businesses/ Disclaimer Berrys --- DJM Consulting --- Moule & Co The Herefordshire Rural Hub Hope to Achieve --- 7Y Training --- CXCS accepts no liability for any direct, indirect or Davis Meade Property Consultants consequential loss Lanyon Bowdler Solicitors arising from any action Mortimer Rose Wealth Management taken in reliance on the Fisher German LLP information contained If you would like to be a “Go to Business” go to:- in this newsletter.
    [Show full text]
  • Grwalks Gloucestershire
    GRWalks Gloucestershire Available each March, July and November Ramblers’ Walks Visitors are very welcome to come on up to three March to June 2014 walks listed here before deciding whether they wish to join the Ramblers. DOGS Except for Forest of Dean Group (see below) Only Registered Assistance Dogs are allowed. GRWalks combines full walk details of all the nine Cirencester Group Meet at The Waterloo CP - SP 026021 to Ramblers' groups active in Gloucestershire. One of the share transport. For day walks bring a packed lunch unless advantages of becoming a member of the Ramblers is that you otherwise indicated. See the programme at can walk with any group in Britain at any time. www.ramblers.co.uk/programmes/online.php?group=GR01 IMPORTANT LATE CHANGES will be shown on the www.cirencesterramblers.btck.co.uk link for GRWalks Updates on the Walks Page www.gloucestershireramblers.org.uk/grwalks – do check Cleeve Group Walks start at map reference. See www.ramblers.co.uk/programmes/online.php?group=GR05 or ring the leader if you are not on computer - before travelling. www.cleeveramblers.org.uk Online users can click the top links opposite to look at a group's walks. Click on the title of a walk you are interested in Forest of Dean Group These walks start at the map and scroll down to see an interactive map. We hope lots of reference. Walks may have well-behaved dogs with walkers will be able to see this programme uploaded at permission from leader in advance. See the programme at www.gloucestershireramblers.org.uk/grwalks www.ramblers.co.uk/programmes/online.php?group=GR02 www.fodramblers.org.uk If you need a printed copy of GRWalks write to the editor Mike Garner (GRWalks), Southcot, The Headlands, Gloucester Group Meet centrally at one of two sites as Stroud GL5 5PS.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Consultees ADAS Agriculture and Horticulture Development
    List of consultees ADAS Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board All Party Parliamentary Group for Animal Welfare Animal Health & Veterinary Laboratories Agency Animal Welfare Network Wales Ark Open Farm NI Assured British Meat Assured British Pigs Assured Chicken Production Assured Dairy Farms Assured Food Standards Aviagen Bio-Dynamic Agricultural Association Biotechnology Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Bocketts Farm park BPEX British Alpaca Society British Cattle Veterinary Association British Deer Society British Egg Industry Council British Equine Veterinary Association British Free Range Egg Producers Association British Goat Society British Institute of Agricultural Consultants (BIAC) British Llama Society British Pig Executive British Pig Association British Poultry Council British Retail Consortium British Society of Animal Science (BSAS) British Veterinary Association British Veterinary Association (Scottish Branch) British Veterinary Poultry Association (BVPA) British Veterinary Camelid Society Cannon Hall Farm Cattle and Sheep Health and Welfare Groups Cattle Health and Welfare Council Cobb Europe Ltd. Compassion In World Farming Countryside Alliance Countryside Council for Wales Country Landowners and Business Association Crowshall Veterinary Services DairyCo Dairy UK Department of Agriculture and Rural Development Northern Ireland (DARDNI) EBLEX Environment Agency Environment Agency Wales Farm Animal Welfare Committee Farm Animal Welfare Network Farm Assured Welsh Livestock Farmers Union of Wales Farming
    [Show full text]