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Duncan trained Rin Tin Tin and obtained silent film work for the dog. Rin Tin Tin was an immediate box-office success and went on to appear in 27 Hollywood films, gaining worldwide fame. Along with the earlier canine film star StrongheartRin Tin Tin was responsible for greatly increasing the popularity of German Shepherd dogs as family pets. The immense profitability of his films contributed to the success of Warner Bros. Zanuck from screenwriter to Rin!: v. 2 and studio executive. After Rin Tin Tin died inthe name was given to several related German Shepherd dogs featured in fictional stories on film, radio, and television. Rin Tin Tin Jr. Meanwhile, a Rin Tin Tin memorabilia collection was being amassed by Texas resident Jannettia Propps Brodsgaard, who had purchased several direct descendant dogs from Duncan beginning with Rinty Tin Tin Brodsgaard in Brodsgaard bred the dogs Rin!: v. 2 keep the bloodline. Brodsgaard's granddaughter, Daphne Hereford, continued to build on the tradition and bloodline of Rin Tin Tin from to ; she was the first to trademark the name Rin Tin Tin, in Duncan had never done soand she bought the domain names rintintin. Hereford passed the tradition to her daughter, Dorothy Yanchak, in Army Air Servicewas sent forward on September 15,to the small French village of Flirey to see if it would make a suitable flying field for his unit, the th Aero Squadron. The only dogs left alive in the kennel were a starving mother with a litter of five nursing puppies, their eyes still shut because they were less than a week old. When the puppies were weaned, he gave the mother to an Rin!: v. 2 and three of the litter to other soldiers, but he kept one of each sex. He felt that these two dogs were symbols of his good luck. Duncan sensed that Nanette was the smarter of the two puppies. Contrary Rin!: v. 2 linguistic clues and popular usage, Poulbot said that Rintintin was the girl doll. In JulyDuncan sneaked the dogs aboard a ship Rin!: v. 2 him back to the US at the end of the war. When he got to Long Island, New Yorkfor re-entry processing, he put his dogs in the care of a Hempstead breeder named Mrs. Leo Wanner, who raised police dogs. Nanette was diagnosed with pneumonia; as a replacement, the breeder gave Duncan another female German Shepherd puppy. Duncan headed to California by rail with his dogs. While Duncan was traveling by train, Rin!: v. 2 died in Hempstead. Rin Tin Tin was a Rin!: v. 2 sable color and had very dark eyes. Nanette II was much lighter in color. An athletic silent film actor named Eugene Pallette was one of Duncan's friends. The two men enjoyed the outdoors; they took the dogs to the Sierras Rin!: v. 2, where Pallette liked to hunt, while Duncan taught Rin Tin Tin various tricks. Duncan thought that his dog might win a Rin!: v. 2 awards at dog shows and thus be a valuable source of puppies bred with Nanette for sale. At the club's first show, Rin Tin Tin showed his agility but also demonstrated an aggressive temper, growling, barking, and snapping. It was a very poor performance, Rin!: v. 2 the worst moment came afterward when Duncan was walking home. A heavy bundle of newspapers was thrown off of a delivery truck and landed on the dog, breaking his left front leg. Duncan had the injured limb set in plaster and he nursed the dog back to health for nine months. Rin Tin Tin had learned to leap great heights. At the dog show while making Rin!: v. 2 winning leap, he was filmed by Duncan's acquaintance Charley Jones, who had just developed a slow-motion camera. Duncan walked his dog up and down Poverty Rowtalking to anyone in Rin!: v. 2 position to put Rin Tin Tin in film, however modest the role. The dog's first break came when he was asked to replace a camera-shy wolf in The Man from Hell's River featuring Wallace Beery. The wolf was not performing properly for the director, but Rin!: v. 2 the guidance of Duncan's voice commands, Rin Tin Tin was very easy to work with. When the film was completed, the dog was billed as "Rin Tan". Rin Tin Tin's first starring role was in Where the North Beginsin which he played alongside silent screen actress Claire Adams. This film was a huge success and has often been credited with saving Warner Bros. It was followed by 24 more screen appearances. Each of these films Rin!: v. 2 very popular, making such a profit for Warner Bros. Zanuck was involved in creating stories for Rin Tin Tin; the success of the films raised him to the position of respected film producer. Rin Tin Tin was much sought after and was signed for endorsement deals. At the time, silent films were easily adapted for various countries by simply changing the language of the intertitles. Rin Tin Tin's films were widely distributed. ByRin Tin Tin was the most popular actor with the very sophisticated film audience in Berlin. Although primarily a star of silent Rin!: v. 2, Rin Tin Tin did appear in four sound features, including the part Mascot Studios chapter-play The Lightning Warriorco-starring with Frankie Darro. In these films, vocal commands would have been picked up by the microphones, so Duncan likely guided Rin Tin Tin by hand signals. Rin Tin Tin and Nanette produced at least 48 puppies; Duncan kept two of them, selling the rest or giving them as gifts. Greta GarboW. Duncan wrote about the death in his unpublished memoir: He heard Rin Rin!: v. 2 Tin bark in a peculiar fashion so he went to see what was wrong. He found the dog lying on the ground, moments away from death. Newspapers across the nation carried obituaries. Magazine articles were written about his life, and a special Movietone News feature was shown to movie audiences. In a private ceremony, Duncan buried Rin Tin Tin in a bronze casket in his own backyard with a plain wooden cross to mark the location. In the United States, his death set off a national Rin!: v. 2. An hour-long program about Rin Tin Tin Rin!: v. 2 the next day. He voiced the part of Rinty in the radio shows produced during that era as well. Between andRin Tin Tin was cast in three different radio series, beginning April 5,with The Wonder Dogin which the original Rin Tin Tin performed some of the sound effects until his death in Most of the dog noises were performed live on radio by a man named Bob Barker. Hey You had suffered an eye injury during his youth; he was used as a Rin!: v. 2 dog and for fight scenes. TV's Rin Tin Tin was far lighter in color than the original sable-colored dog of silent film. Her granddaughter, Daphne Hereford, continued the lineage and the legacy of Rin Rin!: v. 2 Tin following her grandmother's death on December 17, Hereford passed the tradition to her daughter, Dorothy Yanchak, in July The current Rin Tin Tin is twelfth in line from the original silent film star and makes personal appearances across the country to promote responsible pet ownership. Mickey Rooney narrated a memorial tribute film about Rin Tin Tin. Rin Tin Tin's silent-era career was compared to that of contemporary film dog Uggie — Leonard, but Leonard disagreed with the basic premise of a film ridiculing the famous dog. Leonard sued the filmmakers for infringement on the Rin Tin Tin legacy and lost. Originally co-produced by Leonard, the —93 Canadian TV series Katts and Dog featured the adventures of a police officer and his canine partner. Leonard was funded by the Christian Broadcasting Networkwhose founder, televangelist Pat Robertsonhad been enthusiastic for the idea. Leonard was criticized by his fellow producers for staying with his new wife in Los Angeles rather than helping with the show on location in Canada. Partway through the first season, Robertson said that Rin!: v. 2 of his viewers were deeply concerned that the plot involved a widowed mother who was living unmarried in the same house with the brother of her late husband. Robertson recommended the mother character be killed off to stop the complaints, but Leonard protested such a change. After Leonard quit the show, the problematic character was killed off. Though separated from the show, Leonard continued to receive a fee for the screen rights to Rin Rin!: v. 2 Tin. The Rin!: v. 2 was the subject of a lawsuit brought in October by Daphne Hereford, who asked a federal court in HoustonTexas, to protect her rights to the Rin Tin Tin trademark. Rin Tin Tin has been featured as a character in many fiction works, including Rin!: v. 2 children's book in which Rin Tin Tin and Rin!: v. 2 other animal characters are able to talk to one another but are unable to talk to humans. Frank wishes she had a dog like Rin Tin Tin. She also wrote about the Rin Tin Tin silent film The Lighthouse by the Seawhich she and her school friends watched together in her house for her birthday party. According to her, the movie was a big hit with her friends. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Not to be confused with Tintin or The Adventures of Tintin. Famous German Shepherd dog. Poster for A Hero of the Big Snows Lobby card for A Dog of the Regiment Poster for Tracked by the Police Poster for The Law of the Wild Biography portal. The New Yorker. Retrieved October 17, Archived from the original on May 30, Retrieved September 23, Archived from the original on Retrieved December 3, The New York Times. Silent Stars. Film History. Rin Tin Tin - Wikipedia

Rin witnessed Rin!: v. 2 parents and brothers being savagely murdered by thieves when she was still young. This plagued her with nightmares and a general fear of humans. Even when the villagers would beat or scold her, Rin remained submissive and unresponsive. Rin was generally allowed to do whatever she wanted, so long as she did not disturb the villagers. She relentlessly and fearlessly tried to help him, even though he would not accept her help. She went through the trouble of finding food in the village preserves Rin!: v. 2 in the forest itself, and brought this food to him. She was caught rummaging through one of the village's fish preserves, and some village men beat her and warned her not to do it again. This brought about a beaming smile on Rin's bruised face. When Rin returned to her home later that day, she discovered a thief going through her food. She was Rin!: v. 2 and remained in the doorway, frightened by the man. When the man realized she was there, they could hear the sounds of the Wolf-Demon tribe attacking the village and searching for the thief. Whilst the thief ran off, Rin realized that she had to get away from the village. She ran into the forest, hoping to escape with her life. However, the wolves gave chase to her and she was soon overcome and killed by them. He picks up the scent of blood and discovered Rin's corpse in passing. Her death did not interest him and he had Rin!: v. 2 to continue on his way, but he recalled the girl's smile from earlier, which made him pause. To satisfy his sudden curiosity, he tests his sword Tenseiga and he slew the messengers. Feeling his task complete, he stood back up and continued on his way, ignoring the questions from Jaken. Rin followed him, and became a part of his entourage from then on. She dutifully remained in safe places far from the battlefields as instructed of her, often awaiting his return with A—Un and Jaken. She was also told she would have to fend for herself if she ever got hungry. This did not faze her, and she agreed since she already knew how to survive on Rin!: v. 2 own. He had Jaken accompany her to assist Rin!: v. 2 she went in search of food. Rin was in a field of melons with Jakentrying to find something to eat, when Kagura appeared and abducted her. During her time trapped there, Rin quickly became attached to Kohaku, who was the first human she truly had Rin!: v. 2 chance to speak Rin!: v. 2 since her revival. She shared the melon she had gotten from the fields with Kohaku after asking him a bunch of questions, and she told him about her family's slaughter. He told her about how he didn't remember anything of his past, and they bonded. Meanwhile, a group of Inuyasha 's companions consisting of Kohaku's sister Sangothe monk Rin!: v. 2 and Rin!: v. 2 miko Kagome Higurashi arrived outside in search of Kohaku. Whilst they were running, Kohaku received an order from Naraku to Rin!: v. 2 Rin. With no free will of his own, Kohaku Rin!: v. 2 to Rin and attacked her. Rin woke up in time to see Kohaku escape with Kagura. Rin and Jaken were present during a confrontation with Jakotsu. The bridge collapsed from Jaken's efforts to protect Rin, and the young girl fell unconscious from the Rin!: v. 2. When she regained consciousness, she was being carried by Suikotsu to the village where he worked as a physician. His personality seemed to have shifted back to his kind-hearted side, and Rin followed him despite her initial misgivings. It was soon revealed that Rin!: v. 2 was merely acting; once approached by the villagers who wanted him to leave, he slaughtered them with indifference. With his goal of capturing her accomplished, Jakotsu took the struggling Rin to Mount Hakureiwith Suikotsu at his side. Rin was delighted to see him, but the ensuing conflict landed her with Suikotsu's claws at her throat. After Jakotsu escaped with Suikotsu's Rin!: v. 2 of the Shikon no TamaSuikotsu himself returned to nothing but bones. Main article: Episode When Rin was foraging in a forest, she was approached by a group of monks led by Monk Ungai. Scared of the human men, she escaped on A-Un and returned to Jaken. She inquired about what her role in his future "empire" will be, and protested greatly when Jaken implied that she wouldn't be around long enough. She Rin!: v. 2 expressed her confidence that Rin!: v. 2 he " will come to save her. So, she seated herself in the cave and waited patiently. When Ungai and his group arrived, she did not want to go with them. She instead had to watch as they tried, and failed, to defeat him. The path it followed led further and further into the underworld, and Rin's life was quickly drained. Once their path was cleared and they continued, Kohaku noticed Rin's breathing had stopped. Before any more could be done, darkness appears and sweeps Rin away from the two living creatures. At the end of the path, they came across the Guardian of the Underworld, who held Rin while towering over a pile of corpses. Tenseiga continued to refuse his desire to save Rin, and his grief drove him to verbally abandon the sword, letting it "die" as he comes to Rin!: v. 2 realization that nothing was worth her life. The purification opened another portal back to his mother's castle, and - still carrying Rin's corpse - he calmly exited the underworld with Kohaku by his side. His mother revealed that Tenseiga Rin!: v. 2 bring back person from the dead twice. Despite not knowing what had taken Rin!: v. 2 for the past hour or so, it was clear Rin had played a fair part. Within three years after the permanent destruction Rin!: v. 2 the Shikon no Tama, the elderly miko Kaede took on the duty of raising Rin in her village to get her re-accustomed with living among other humans. Inuyasha stated that this was "practice" to return Rin to a human Rin!: v. 2 or whatever life she chooses. Rin was a very simple and innocent young girl who Rin!: v. 2 that life was something to be treasured. Her efforts were not asked for, nor were they particularly welcome, but she was determined to help him. She constantly showed that she had a very free spirit. She would innocently approach friends or foes due to her childlike curiosity. Rin's gentle heart gave her the strength to always trust in people's good intentions, [2] so she did not bear a grudge towards anyone who wronged her. As in the case with KaguraRin went so far as to risk her own life by entering a river with a strong current to rescue her, despite the Rin!: v. 2 that Kagura had kidnapped Rin in the past. Due to witnessing the savage murder of her entire family by bandits, she firmly believes that humans are scarier than demons. She has said "humans go around killing people for no reason. She would go Rin!: v. 2 of her way to extend a proper thank you if someone helped her as well. It is possible that witnessing her family getting slaughtered in front of her helped develop this tolerance. She also doesn't mind watching him beat up Jaken for running his mouth. Rin's appearance was that of a typical young peasant girl. She was a very small child who had fair skin, bright brown eyes, and long, dark hair. She had bangs, but the right side was tied up into a small ponytail jutting out in front of her Rin!: v. 2. Rin's main outfit was that of a kosode. Her initial design was an ordinary, dirty, tarred red colored kosode that came just below her knees. One of these kimonos was purple with yellow butterflies and a pink obi sash, and she was also seen receiving a kimono that was light pink with dark pink lines, yellow dots and lantern-like patterns on it. Despite being only a human child, she remained barefoot on any terrain, and continued this habit when she lived in Kaede's village. Rin lacked any fighting skills and could not defend herself when being attacked. She had no weapons Rin!: v. 2 was often forced to flee to safety when under attack. The only abilities she had were related to survival. Although minor, these skills were vital in surviving as a wanderer in the feudal era of Japan. From then on she traveled at his side. Rin looks forward to these visits, and is clearly delighted with the gifts he brings her. Rin also respects him addressing him as "Master Jaken", even though they fight sometimes. Despite this, Rin does care a great deal about Jaken. He is smaller than Rin, something he found very frustrating. It is clear by the end of the series that he does care for the human child, in his own way. Rin gave each head a name, "A" and "Un", respectively. She declared their name as just A-Un, [6] and giving the dragon Rin!: v. 2 name was likely what got their friendship off to such a good start. Rin was often left in the care of Jaken, but A-Un was usually also with her. More often than not, she stayed with A-Un when Jaken would go off Rin!: v. 2 his own. A-Un was Rin's mode of transportation when she was not walking, and he could be counted on for a quick escape; Rin would often Rin!: v. 2 naps on A-Un's back as well. Jaken would also ride on A-Un Rin!: v. 2 Rin if they needed to escape, but otherwise he merely led the dragon using his reigns. Rin first met Kohaku after being abducted by Kagura. She sat with him and became fast friends. They shared some melon, and talked about their pasts. Rin found that they both had awful pasts, and shared her story with him after learning he couldn't remember his family. At Rin!: v. 2 time, Kohaku was under the influence of a defiled Shikon shard that allowed Naraku to control him. Unaware of his actions, Kohaku took Rin to a field and then tried to kill her. Rin was scared and confused by Rin!: v. 2 actions, but was still concerned. She ran away, but ended up falling and knocking herself unconscious. He then leaves with Kagura. Renewable Identification Number - Wikipedia

The integrity of RNA is a major concern for gene expression studies and traditionally has been evaluated using the 28S to 18S rRNA ratio, a method that has been shown to be inconsistent. The RIN algorithm was devised to overcome this issue. The RIN algorithm is applied to electrophoretic RNA measurements, typically obtained using capillary gel electrophoresis, and based on a combination of different features that contribute information about the RNA integrity to provide a more universal measure. RIN has been demonstrated to be robust and reproducible in studies comparing it to other RNA integrity calculation algorithms, cementing its position as a preferred method of determining the quality of RNA to be analyzed. A major criticism to RIN is when using with plants or in studies Rin!: v. 2 eukaryotic-prokaryotic cells interactions. Electrophoresis is the process of separating nucleic acid species based on their length Rin!: v. 2 applying an electric field to them. As nucleic acids are negatively charged, they are pushed by an electric field through a matrix, usually an agarose gel, with the smaller molecules being pushed farther, faster. There is a detector in the machine that can tell when nucleic acid samples pass through a specific point in the tube, with smaller samples passing through first. This can produce an electropherogram such as the one in Figure 1, where length is related to time at which the samples pass the detector. RNA is a biological macromolecule made of sugars and nitrogenous bases that plays a number of Rin!: v. 2 roles in all living cells. As a result, this is the most immediately visible species when RNA is analyzed Rin!: v. 2 electrophoresis and is thus used for determining RNA quality see Computation, below. The 28S and 5S rRNAs form the large subunit and the 18S forms the small subunit of the ribosomethe molecular machinery responsible for synthesizing proteins. Rin!: v. 2 are ubiquitous and can often contaminate and subsequently degrade Rin!: v. 2 samples in the laboratory, so RNA integrity can very easily be compromised, leading to a number of laboratory techniques designed to eliminate their impact. As RNA integrity has long been known to be a problem in molecular biology studies, there are a few methods that have been used historically to determine the integrity of RNA. The most popular has long been agarose gel electrophoresis with ethidium bromide staining, allowing one to visualize the bands from the rRNA peaks. The height of the 28S and 18S bands can be compared to each other, with a ratio indicating non-degraded RNA. The algorithm was generated by taking hundreds of samples and having specialists manually assign them all a value of 1 to 10 based on their integrity, with 10 being the highest. Adaptive learning tools using a Bayesian learning technique were used to generate an algorithm that could predict the RIN, predominantly by using the features listed below under "Computation". RIN for a sample is computed using several characteristics of an RNA electropherogram trace, with the first two listed below being most significant. RIN assigns an electropherogram a value of 1 to 10, with Rin!: v. 2 being the least degraded. All the following descriptions apply to mammalian RNA because RNAs in other species have different rRNA sizes: [1] The total RNA ratio is calculated by taking the ratio of the area Rin!: v. 2 the 18S and 28S rRNA peaks to the total area under the graph, a large number here is desired, indicating much of the rRNA is Rin!: v. 2 at these sizes and thus little to no degradation has occurred. For the height of 28S peak, a large value is desired. Again, this is seen in figure 1, where the 28S peak is the largest, and so this is good. Initially, as the fast area ratio value increases, it indicates degradation of the 18S and 28S rRNA to an intermediate size, though the ratio subsequently decreases Rin!: v. 2 RNA degrades further, to even smaller sizes. Thus, a low value doesn't necessarily indicate Rin!: v. 2 good or bad RNA integrity. A small marker height is desired, indicating only small amounts of RNA have been degraded and proceeded to the smallest lengths, indicated by the short marker. If a large number is found here, that indicates that Rin!: v. 2 amounts of Rin!: v. 2 rRNAs have been degraded to small pieces that would be found closer to this marker. This situation can be Rin!: v. 2 in the 'poor quality' RNA electropherogram found in figure 2, where the height of the peak Rin!: v. 2 the marker far left is very large, so the RNA has been greatly degraded. In prokaryotic samples, the algorithm is somewhat different, but the Agilent Bioanalyzer Expert software is able to calculate RIN for prokaryotic samples now as well. These electropherograms for calculating RIN are done using the Agilent Bioanalyzer machine, which is capable of performing electrophoresis and generating the electropherograms. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. BMC Molecular Biology. Nucleic Acids Research. Molecular Biology of the Gene: Seventh Edition. Glenview, IL: Pearson Education. Kundhavai; Klaholz, Bruno P. Bibcode : Natur. Rin!: v. 2 Clinical Chemistry. Molecular Aspects of Medicine. Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. Frontiers in Psychiatry. The ongoing Evolution of qPCR. Waldbronn, Germany: Agilent Technologies Hidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from October Namespaces Article Talk. Views Read Edit View history. 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