Un TERMESZETRAJZI FÜZETEK
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Profile of Biodiversity in India
Chapter 4 Profile of Biodiversity in India India, with 2.4% of the world’s area, has over 8% of the world’s total biodiversity, making it one of the 12 megadiver- sity countries in the world. This status is based on the species richness and levels of endemism recorded in a wide range of taxa of both plants and animals.This diversity can be attributed to the vast variety of landforms and climates, resulting in habitats ranging from tropical to temperate and from alpine to desert (see Map 4.1). Adding to this is a very high diversity of human-influenced ecosystems, including agricultural and pasture lands, and a diversity of domesticated plants and animals, one of the world’s largest. India is also considered one of the world’s eight centres of origin of cultivated plants. Being a predominantly agricultural country, India also has a mix of wild and cultivated habitats, giving rise to very specialised biodiversity, which is specific to the confluence of two or more habitats. The first part of this chapter takes a look at India’s ecosystem, its species, and its genetic diversity, both ‘natural’and ‘domesticated’.The second part discusses the diverse uses of this biological diversity and the values attributed to it. 4.1 Components, Range, Global Position and Current Status of Biodiversity 4.1.1 Natural Ecosystems Biogeographic Zones of India The tendency to classify ecological regions,and plant and animal groupings,according to their geographical dis- tribution and their essential similarities and differences, is not new. Traditional human communities did this on the basis of their own understanding, though their knowledge was necessarily somewhat restricted in its geo- graphical spread (Banwari 1992; Gurukkal 1989). -
Cytogenetics of the Skinks (Reptilia, Scincidae) from Thailand; IV: Newly Investigated Karyotypic Features of Lygosoma Quadrupes and Scincella Melanosticta
Caryologia International Journal of Cytology, Cytosystematics and Cytogenetics ISSN: 0008-7114 (Print) 2165-5391 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tcar20 Cytogenetics of the skinks (Reptilia, Scincidae) from Thailand; IV: newly investigated karyotypic features of Lygosoma quadrupes and Scincella melanosticta Isara Patawang, Yodchaiy Chuaynkern, Praween Supanuam, Nuntiya Maneechot, Krit Pinthong & Alongklod Tanomtong To cite this article: Isara Patawang, Yodchaiy Chuaynkern, Praween Supanuam, Nuntiya Maneechot, Krit Pinthong & Alongklod Tanomtong (2017): Cytogenetics of the skinks (Reptilia, Scincidae) from Thailand; IV: newly investigated karyotypic features of Lygosoma quadrupes and Scincella melanosticta, Caryologia, DOI: 10.1080/00087114.2017.1402249 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2017.1402249 Published online: 18 Dec 2017. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tcar20 Download by: [Chiang Mai University] Date: 18 December 2017, At: 22:17 CARYOLOGIA: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CYTOLOGY, CYTOSYSTEMATICS AND CYTOGENETICS, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2017.1402249 Cytogenetics of the skinks (Reptilia, Scincidae) from Thailand; IV: newly investigated karyotypic features of Lygosoma quadrupes and Scincella melanosticta Isara Patawanga,b, Yodchaiy Chuaynkernc , Praween Supanuamd, Nuntiya Maneechote, Krit Pinthonge and Alongklod -
An Integrated Assessment of the Effects of Natural and Human Disturbances on a Wetland Ecosystem
Research Report 2014/3 An Integrated Assessment of the Effects of Natural and Human Disturbances on a Wetland Ecosystem A Retrospective from the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Nepal A retrospective from the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Nepal An Integrated Assessment of Effects of Natural and Human Disturbances on a Wetland Ecosystem A Retrospective from the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Nepal International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) Kathmandu, Nepal and Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation Government of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Nepal, August 2014 iii An integrated assessment of the effects of natural and human disturbances on a wetland ecosystem Copyright © 2014 International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) All rights reserved, Published 2014 Published by International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, GPO Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal ISBN 978 92 9115 317 6 (printed) 978 92 9115 318 3 (electronic) Library of Congress Control Number 2014–347285 Production team Danielle Preiss (Consultant editor) Shradha Ghale (Editor) Amy Sellmyer (Editor) Dharma R Maharjan (Graphic designer) Asha Kaji Thaku (Editorial assistance) Photos Photos: All photos by Nabin Baral Printed and bound in Nepal by Quality Printers (P) Ltd., Kathmandu, Nepal Reproduction This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. ICIMOD would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from ICIMOD. -
Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve and It’S Buffer Zone Management Plan (2074/75 – 2078/79) (First Revision)
Koshi Tappu AND IT’s Wildlife BUFFER ZONE MANAGEMENT PLAN Reserve 2074/75-2078/79 (First Revision) Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve and It’s Buffer Zone Management Plan (2074/75 – 2078/79) (First Revision) Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Environment Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve Office Publish: Koshi Tappu Widlife Reserve, Paschim Kushaha, Sunsari, Nepal. Citation: KTWR 2018. Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve and It’s Buffer Zone Management Plan (2074/75 – 2078/79) Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve Office, Paschim Kushaha, Sunsari, Nepal Cover Photo Credit: © Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve Office Supported By: Strengthening Regional Cooperation for Wildlife Protection in Asia Project (IDA Grant No.: H666) funded by the World Bank support to GoN / NTNC. © 2018, KTWR: All right reserved. Any production of this publication in full or in part must mention the title and credit Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve Office Printed By: Sigma General Offset Press Sanepa, Lalitpur Tel.: 01-5554029 ii Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve & its Buffer Zone Management Plan iii iv Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve & its Buffer Zone Management Plan Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Environment Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve Office Paschim Kushaha, Sunsari, Nepal Ref. No.: Date: 2075/3/25 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve is the first Ramsar site of Nepal largely situated in the flood plain area of the Koshi River. The reserve is the only prime habitat for Wild water buffalo, rich in aquatic fauna and hotspot for migratory birds. Management is committed to conserve its biodiversity for the interest of present and future generations. -
Me REPTILE FAUNA of the NAGARJUNASAGAR DAM AREA (ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA) by R
mE REPTILE FAUNA OF THE NAGARJUNASAGAR DAM AREA (ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA) By R. C. SHARMA, Zoological Survey of India, Ca'cutta (\Vith 1 Table and I Text,-figure) CONTENTS PAGE I-INTRODUCTION 77 (a) G~lIe,.al 77 (b) Physical features 77 (c) Abb,.el'iatiol1s used 78 (d) Acknowledgenlenfs 78 II-LIST OF COLLECTING STATIONS 19 nI -LIST OF SPECIES 79- IV-SVSTEMA'lIC ACCOUNT 80- (a) General 80- eh) Accollnt of species 81 V-FIELD 'KEY fOR THE IDEN'lIFlCATJON OF SAURIA (LIZARDS, ETC.) ~O VI-SUMMARY 91 VII -REFERENCES .. 92 I-INTRODUCTION (a) General The Zoological Survey of India, conducted t\\'"o faunistic surveys, in the-years 1962 and 1963, of Nagarjunasagar Project area, lccatt:d in the districts of Guntur and Nalgonda in Andhra Pradesh. These areas· will gef submerged by stages with the progress in the construction of Nagarjunasagar Darn. The project covers a large area conlprising principally the Nag3;rjunakonda Valley and its vicinity in the Guntur District, and the following areas in the NaJgollda District: Vijaypuri North, Vijaypuri South and sonle portions of the De-verkonda taluq. (b) Physical !eatur€s The Guntur and Nalgonda Districts are situated between ]atitltdes~ 15°-18° N. and longitudes 79°-81 0 E. They consist of stony uplands, low ranges of rocky structures and level plains of black soil. The eastern portion is·made up of the alluvial delta of the Krishna river. The area comprises SOlne of the richest rice belts of southern India. The Krishna river flows' almost across the middle of these districts. The main tribu tary of this river here is the Gundlakalnrna. -
Periodic Report on the State of Conservation of Sundarbans National Park, India, 2003
PERIODIC REPORTING WCECISE (SECTION 11) STATE OF CONSERVATION OF SPECIFIC WORLD HERITAGE PROPERTIES STATE PARTY: INDIA PROPERTY NAME: SUNDARBAN NATIONAL PARK I'ElIIODlC IWPORTING EXERCISE ON THE APPLICATION OF THE WORLD IIEI<ITAC,E CON VEN'I'ION SECTION I1 State of' Co~~servationof specific World heritage propertics Statc Party: INDIA Property Name: SUNDAliBAN NATIONAL PARK Periodic Reporting Exercise on the Application of the World Heritage Convention -Section 11: State of conservation of specific World Heritage proverties I'EKIODIC KEI'OK'TING FOR WELL PLANNED I-IEHI'TAGE PRESERVATION Background 'I'hc twenty-ninth (;cncr;~l Conl'crcncc 01' I IN I N'O, held in 1 097, decided to activate Article 29 of the World llcritagc Convention concerning tlic submission 01' periodic rcports on the state of implementation or the World Heritage Convention (Section I) and the State of Conservation of World Heritage properties (Section 11). The national authorities are invited to report on Section I, while Section I1 shall be prepared for cach property inscribed on the World Heritage list by the person(s) directly in charge of the property's management. The pcriodic reports prepared by the States I'artics will serve a three-fold purpose: n to assess the current state of all World I-Ieritage related issues in a State Party, n to held focus the Committee's as well as the State I'arty's fi~turcactivities and funds. a to strengthen sub-regional and regional co-operation between States Parties. 'Hie Periodic I<eporting Qucstionnairc In 1998, at its twenty-second session, the World IIeritage Committee approved Esplun~iIoryNoles, designed to be read in co~!junction with tlic l'eriodic repor/ing l;or.mul, in order to outline the inlormation cxpcctccl to tlow I'ro~n thc pcrioclic reporting cxcrcisc. -
The Status of Herpetofauna of Bhutan
Review Paper The status of herpetofauna of Bhutan 1* Jigme Tshelthrim Wangyal Nanorana sp. from Rigsoom Gonpa, Trashiyangtse Abstract gularis), Annandali’s Paa (Nanorana annandalii), and Pygmy Leaf Frog (Chiromantis This paper presents the state-of-the-knowledge vittatus) bring the total number of species on herpetofauna (reptiles and amphibians) of Bhutan. Through a comprehensive review of reported species, Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) andknown the in AmericanBhutan to Bull191. FrogTwo (previouslyLithobates catesbeianus) are removed from the list. The oneliterature, caecilian the paperand a identifiesHimalayan 84 Salamander snakes, 23 paper highlights which species need further knownlizards, 20to tortoisesoccur in andBhutan. turtles, Based 56 anurans,on the research or special conservation protection status.confirmation, and which warrant further (author’sOligodon field taeniolatus work, six), previouslyYunnan Bamboo unreported Pit Viperspecies (Trimeresurus of herpetofauna cf. stejnegeri viz. Russel’s yunnanensis Kukri), Keywords: Tibetan Pit Viper (Trimeresurus cf. tibetanus), tortoises and turtles, amphibians, Ptyctolaemus anurans, Bhutan Herpetofauna, snakes, lizards, Blue Fan Throated Lizard ( 1* Corresponding author’s email: [email protected] District Forest Office, District Administration, Trashigang, Bhutan 20 Herpetofauna of Bhutan Introduction the population. As such, they indicate short- term changes in their environment. Therefore, depend on prosthetic devices to keep ourselves andWilson the (1998) biosphere states thatalive, “To thewe extentwill thatrender we Thisstudy paper of the presentstaxa is very a comprehensiveimportant. update on the herpetofauna of Bhutan, to promote the rest of life, we will impoverish our own attention for research priorities in the specieseverything for fragile.all time.” To He the offers extent a that tremendously we banish grave cautionary to Homo sapiens, a caution and the world as a whole. -
Neurotoxic Skink”: Scientific Literature Points to the Absence of Venom in Scincidae
toxins Communication The Curious Case of the “Neurotoxic Skink”: Scientific Literature Points to the Absence of Venom in Scincidae Kartik Sunagar 1,* and Siju V Abraham 2 1 Evolutionary Venomics Lab, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India 2 Department of Emergency Medicine, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680005, Kerala, India; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: In contrast to the clearly documented evolution of venom in many animal lineages, the origin of reptilian venom is highly debated. Historically, venom has been theorised to have evolved independently in snakes and lizards. However, some of the recent works have argued for the common origin of venom in “Toxicofera” reptiles, which include the order Serpentes (all snakes), and Anguimorpha and Iguania lizards. Nevertheless, in both these contrasting hypotheses, the lizards of the family Scincidae are considered to be harmless and devoid of toxic venoms. Interestingly, an unusual clinical case claiming neurotoxic envenoming by a scincid lizard was recently reported in Southern India. Considering its potentially significant medicolegal, conservation and evolutionary implications, we have summarised the scientific evidence that questions the validity of this clinical report. We argue that the symptoms documented in the patient are likely to have resulted from krait envenomation, which is far too frequent in these regions. Keywords: venom evolution; the origin of reptilian venom; neurotoxic venoms in skinks Key Contribution: While many lineages of snakes and lizards are widely accepted to be venomous, Citation: Sunagar, K.; Abraham, S.V. the presence of toxic saliva in skinks (Family: Scincidae) is scientifically unsupported. -
Master Plan Sundarban Wild Animals Park Jharkhali
MASTER PLAN SUNDARBAN WILD ANIMALS PARK JHARKHALI 2015-2016 TO 2035-2036 GOVT. OF WEST BENGAL WEST BENGAL ZOO AUTHORITY KB-19, SALT LAKE CITY SECTOR III, KOLKATA - 700098 1 From the Desk of the Member Secretary, West Bengal Zoo Authority Conservation breeding, conservation education and research for conservation of wildlife are the main objectives of Zoos in India as per the National Zoo Policy, 1998. The National Zoo Policy, 1998 also emphasised (3.1.2) with every zoo to prepare long term Master Plan for its development to ensure optimum utilisation of land, water, energy and finance. As per the ‘Recognition of the Zoo Rules 2009’, it is mandatory for every zoo to prepare a long term Master Plan in Rule 10.3(1) in conformity with the conceive objectives of the Zoological Park. Accordingly, a comprehensive Master Plan has been prepared for Sundarban Wild Animals Park, Jharkhali for its long term development and scientific management. The Master Plan conceptualises and design depicting future activities in Zoological Park giving stress on the conservation of bio-diversity of the region. I thank to all the officials and staffs of the West Bengal Zoo Authority and concerned zoo for their contribution in preparing the Master Plan. Dr. B. R. Sharma, I.F.S 2 I N D E X PART-I Chapter -1 Page No. 1.1. Introduction 1 1.2. History 1 1.3. Vision 3 1.4. Mission 3 1.5. Strategy 3 1.6. Objectives 4 1.7. Physical features 5 1.8. Legal status of the land 12 1.9. -
Download Article (PDF)
lfIc. zool. Surv. India, 73: 247-269, 1977 FAUNA OF RAJASTHAN, INDIA, PART. REPTILIA By S. BISWAS and D. P. SANYAL Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta INTRODUCTION (1) General The present .work on Rajasthan reptiles is based largely on the extensive collections in the Zoological Survey of India made during faunistic surveys between the years 1941 to 1965. Though the reptile fauna of India as whole is fairly well studied and Smith's work~ (1931, 1935, 1943) are valuable, there is no conso lid~ted faunistic work on Rajasthan" reptiles. In this connection the work of Blanford (1879) on a collection from the Ajmer area and Murray's (1884) work mainly on the reptiles of Sind are worth men tioning. The papers of Krishna and Dave (1959, 1960), "and Dave (1960) on the collections from the Jodhpur area and Sunder Singh's work (1960) from Pilani area .are ecological, not taxonomic. For general account of the topograpny, climate, vegetation etc. of Raja~than, and also for details of the collecting stations cited here see part I (General introdu~tion) thi~ series of papers (Roonwal, 1963). Collections made subsequent to those mentioned in RoonwaI's paper have been cited in Table 1 below. The eastern zone is compara tively less surveyed for reptiles and some districts (A lwar, Dungarpur, Banswara, Bundi, Swai Madhopur, Jalore) have not been surveyed at all. Some earlier collections included in the present study are those collection O.B.St. John from Ajmer (worked out by Blanford, 1879) and of G. S. Sutherland's (Mt. Abu) and N. -
Deepor Beel Study
QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF LOWER AND HIGHER ORGANISMS AND THEIR FUNCTIONAL ROLE IN THE DEEPOR BEEL ECOSYSTEM BY Dr. Prasanta Kumar Saikia, Principal Investigator Animal Ecology & Wildlife Biology Lab., Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781 014, Assam, India, Tel: 0361-2573795(Res.), 2700294 ; Fax: 0361-2570133(O); Mobile: 98640-24395; Email: [email protected] FUNDED BY: North Eastern Space Applications Centre, Department of Space, Government of India, Umium, Meghalaya, Shillong 2005 Deepor Beel Ramsar Site P. K. Saikia 2005, G.U CHAPTER-I: INTRODUCTION 1.0. INTRODUCTION Deepor beel is a large natural wetland having great biological and environmental importance (Deka & Goswami, 1992). It is endowed with rich floral and faunal diversity. Besides huge congregation of residential water birds, the Deepar beel ecosystem harbours large numbers of migratory waterfowl each year. Hence, Deepor beel attracted large numbers of ornithologist, tourists and nature lovers. It was declared as an internationally important wetland and was included in the Directory of Asian Wetlands. Besides this, there is marked change in the water spread and land use pattern in an around the beel in different seasons of the year. The inflow of wastewater from Guwahati City to this beel has degraded its water quality making it hazardous for the aquatic flora and fauna (Report, Govt. of Assam 1989, Deka & Goswami, 1993). From the classification point of view the wetland is characterized by freshwater lakes and associated marshes (Lacustrine). It is a naturally depressed area between hills and plains. While the earlier feeding canal of the beel was River Brahmaputra, but now it had completely blocked by the construction of National Highway and urban development. -
Chapter-I Origins
CHAPTER-I ORIGINS 1 1. Why are snakes called reptiles? What is a reptile? Classification of animals is essential for their scientific study. Land-dwelling animal groups with backbone have been split into four classes: amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Generally speaking, reptiles differ from amphibians by their dry, scaly skin; from birds by absence of feathers; and from mammals by absence of fur or hair. The class ‘reptiles’ consists of lizards, crocodiles, turtles and tortoises and snakes. There are about 6032 living species of reptiles, almost double the number of living species of mammals. 2. How many species of reptiles are there worldwide? Crocodiles : 22 Turtles and Tortoises : 242 Lizards : 2800 Snakes : 2968 -------- : 6032 -------- (The numbers are approximate). 3. How many species of reptiles are found in India? Crocodiles : 3 Turtles and Tortoises : 32 Lizards : 155 Snakes : 276 (It is not unlikely that a few more may be discovered). -------- : 466 -------- 4. How did snakes evolve? The evolution of snakes has been difficult to study because of the rarity of fossil evidence and the highly damaged condition of these fossils which are very fragile (See Q & A 10). Scientists, generally, believe that snakes evolved from lizards. But some scientists believe that snakes and lizards evolved independently of each other from a common ancestor. 5. Which is the nearest relative of snakes among lizards? According to current scientific opinion, the monitor lizards of the family varanidae are the nearest relatives of snakes. There are many species world-wide. Indian species: common Indian monitor (Varanus bengalensis), desert monitor (V. 2 griseus), yellow monitor (V.