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An Analysis of Archetypal Elements in Rick Riordan's AN ANALYSIS OF ARCHETYPAL ELEMENTS IN RICK RIORDAN’S THE RED PYRAMID A THESIS By: SITI CHAIRUNA SAPHIRA REG. NO. 130705043 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I, SITI CHAIRUNA SAPHIRA, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed: Date: April 6th, 2018 i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : SITI CHAIRUNA SAPHIRA TITLE OF THESIS : AN ANALYSIS OF ARCHETYPAL ELEMENTS IN RICK RIORDAN’S THE RED PYRAMID QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISRECTION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed : Date : April 6th, 2018 ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Alhamdulillah I would like to express my great thanks to my lord Allah SWT who has given me the time, chance and blessing to finish this thesis. Thanks to my Prophet Muhammad SAW, may the peace and blessings be on the most noble of Prophets and Messengers, on his family and all of his Companions. There are a lot of steps has been done by the researcher to make this thesis complete which entitled An Analysis of Archetypal Elements In Rick Riordan’s The Red Pyramid, and ready to presented as a thesis of the first graduate. The researcher has got so many helps, support and motivation from many people to process of doing this thesis from the beginning until the end. My greatest thanks to my parents who always support me through thick and thin and always been there to support me to finish my thesis. Thanks for their great love, prayer, guidance, spiritual and financial to support my life. Another great Thanks to my lovely grandma who always love and trust me that I can finish my study in this University. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum as my Supervisor for his help, kindness, patience, knowledge, and immense time for me to write and finish this thesis. Along for Riko Andika Rahmat Pohan S.S, M. Hum as my Co-Supervisor for his suggestion and kindness in helping me to write this thesis. I address my high gratitude to the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S. The head of English Department, Prof. Dra. T. Silvana Sinar, Dipl, TEFL. M.A, Ph.D and the secretary of English Department, Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA. Ph.D, for their iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA encouragement during my study in this faculty. I would like to thank to Drs. Yulianus Harefa, GradDipEd TESOL, MEd TESOL as my academic Supervisor who has supported me and all the lecturers of English Department who has given me valuable knowledge during my study in this faculty. To my savior, Bang Kibot, who always help me with the administration. I also thank to my examiners, Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA. Ph.D and Dr. Siti Norma Nasution, M.Hum who has given the best suggestion and comments to help me finish my thesis. Thanks to my great friends, Anggun Sundary, Sifa, Dea, Ade, Mira, Afiah, Tassa, Tari, Tita, Nindy, Dito, for the great time and memories. Thanks for their support, laughter and for all the moments we had shared together. I love you, guys. Special Thanks for Anggun Sundary who keep encourage me to finish this thesis. Thanks to VESSWIC team, Drh. Nurhafni, Drh. Tia Zalia BTB, Mbak Fenny Julianty, Drh. Teuku Arief Maulana, Drh. Tengku Jeni, Drh. Aulia. Drh. Atika Resty, Drh. Idham, Bg Muri, and especially for kak Nurul Nayla Azmi who shared me the job and make me meet with those special person in my life. And thanks to Wulan Ramadhani for the patient and encourage that finally we can finish our thesis together after all the hard work we had the past few weeks. Despite my effort to produce a faultless paper, I am well aware that the readers will find numerous imperfections, for which I apologize. Medan, April 6th, 2018 Siti Chairuna Saphira Reg. No. 130705043 iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Judul dari penelitian ini adalah An Analysis of Archetypal Elements in Rick Riordan’s The Red Pyramid. Penelitian ini menganalisis tentang elemen archetype seperti karakter dan symbol yang terdapat dalam novel The Red Pyramid karya Rick Riordan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori archetype. Karakter archetype dalam penelitian ini akan dipelajari dengan menggunakan model karakter oleh Joseph Campbell. Penelitian ini fokus terhadap karakter, karakterisasi dan simbol yang terdapat di dalam novel tersebut. Karakter pada novel tersebut akan di klasifikasikan berdasarkan tujuh karakter archetype oleh Joseph Campbell seperti; hero, mentor, threshold guardian, herald, shape-shifter, shadow dan trickster. Rick Riordan sebagai penulis novel memiliki interpretasi tersendiri terhadap karakter mitologi mesir yang muncul di dalam novelnya. Akan tetapi karakter yang muncul di novelnya memeliki kesamaan dengan karakter yang terdapat di dalam kisah autentik mitologi mesir. Simbol-simbol yang muncul di dalam novel seperti; warna, pakaian, piramid, hiroglif, serta obelisk akan di analisa berdasarkan budaya dan kepercayaan bangsa Mesir. Kata Kunci: Mitologi Mesir, Karakter Archetype, Simbol Archetype. v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT The title of this thesis is An Analysis of Archetypal Elements in Rick Riordan’s The Red Pyramid. This thesis analyzed the archetypal elements such as the characters and the symbols in Rick Riordan‘s The Red Pyramid. This thesis is applying the theory of archetypes. Its archetypal characters are studied by applying Joseph Campbell‘s model of character. It will focus on analysis of the character, characterization and the symbols which appear in the novel. The character of the novel can be classified into Joseph Campbell‘s seven archetypal character such as; hero, mentor, threshold guardian, herald, shape-shifter, shadow and trickster. Rick Riordan as the writer of the novel may have his own interpretation toward the Egyptian mythological characters which appeared in his novel. Their characteristic still remain the same as the original version of those existed in Egyptian myths. The symbols which appeared in the novel such as; color, clothes, pyramid, hieroglyphs and obelisk are analyzes according to Egyptian culture and beliefs. Keywords: Egyptian Mythology, Archetypal Characters, Archetypal Symbols. vi UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENT S AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ................................................ i COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ............................................ ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................... iii ABSTRACT .............................................................................. v ABSTRAK ................................................................................ vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................... vii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study .............................................. 1 1.2 Problem of the Study .................................................... 7 1.3 Objective of the Study .................................................. 7 1.4 Scope of the Study ....................................................... 7 1.5 Significance of the Study ............................................. 8 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 Literary Criticism ......................................................... 9 2.1.1 Archetypal/Mythological Approach........................... 10 2.2 Character and Characterization ..................................... 14 2.2.1 Hero ........................................................................... 14 2.2.2 Mentor ........................................................................ 16 2.2.3 Threshold Guardian .................................................... 17 2.2.4 Herald ......................................................................... 17 vii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2.2.5 Shape Shifter .............................................................. 18 2.2.6 Shadow ....................................................................... 18 2.2.7 Trickster ..................................................................... 19 2.3 Symbol ......................................................................... 19 2.4 Previous Researches .................................................... 20 CHAPTER III METHOD OF STUDY 3.1 Research Design ........................................................... 22 3.2 Data Sourceand Data of Collection Technique ............. 22 3.3 Data Collection Technique ........................................... 23 3.4 Data Analysis…………………………………………. 23 CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS 4.1 The Red Pyramid Archetypal Characters ..................... 24 4.1.1 Hero ............................................................................ 24 4.1.2 Mentor ........................................................................ 33 4.1.3 Threshold Guardian ...................................................
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