Contaminated Land Air Quality Environmental Audit

Partnership No: OC 00776

PROPOSED ENERGY GENERATION FACILITY, LEGACY, WREXHAM

AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT

for: Harbour Energy Ltd / AXIS

April 2020

R2746C-R01-v3

Smith Grant LLP, Station House, Station Road, Ruabon, Wrexham, LL14 6DL web: www.smithgrant.co.uk Members: K E Hawkins (Chairman), B J Thomas, A F Smith, D Wayland

Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy 2 Air Quality Assessment

DOCUMENT CONTROL SHEET

Report Title: Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy, Wrexham

Air Quality Assessment

Client: Harbour Energy Limited / Axis

Report Reference Number: R2746C-R01

Report Status: Final

Version: v3

Report Date: April 2020

for: Smith Grant LLP

Name Position Signature Date K Hawkins Consultant Drafted by BSc MSc MIAQM CEnv 07.04.20

K Hawkins Chairman Checked BSc MSc MIAQM CEnv 07.04.20

Document Revision Record: Version Report Status Date Details of Revision v1 Draft 11.03.20 Draft for client review v2 Revised Draft 23.03.20 Revised draft for client review; incorporating amendments to ecological assessment v3 Final 07.04.20 Final; no edits to revised draft

This report has been prepared by Smith Grant LLP for the sole and exclusive use of Harbour Energy Limited and Axis P.E.D. Ltd. Reasonable skill, care and diligence has been exercised within the terms of the contract with the client. We disclaim any responsibility to the client and others in respect of any matters outside the scope of the above. This report may be relied upon or transferred to any other parties only with the express written authorization of Smith Grant LLP, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed. If any Third Party comes into possession of this report, they rely on it at their own risk and the authors owe them no duty or care of skill.

Smith Grant LLP reserves the right to alter any of the foregoing information in the event of new information being disclosed or provided and in the light of changes to legislation, guidelines and responses by the statutory and regulatory authorities.

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PROPOSED ENERGY GENERATION FACILITY, LEGACY, WREXHAM

AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT

For: Harbour Energy Limited / Axis

Contents

1 Introduction 2 Technical and Legislative Context 3 Assessment Methodology 4 Site Location and Proposed Development 5 Site Setting and Baseline Conditions 6 Assessment – Model Setup 7 Assessment – Human Health 8 Assessment – Ecological Impacts 9 Conclusions

Appendices

A Proposed Development Site Location Plans B Background Air Quality Data and Modelled Receptor Information C Gas Engine Datasheets

D Stack Emission Model Outputs – NO2 Contour Plots: Human health Assessment

E Stack Emission Model Outputs – NOx Contour Plots: Ecological Assessment F Stack Emission Model Outputs – Results

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Site Location The site comprises an area of undeveloped land located within the wider area of the National Grid Electricity Sub-Station at Legacy near Wrexham. The site lies within the administrative area of Wrexham County Borough Council (WCBC). Proposed Site Use Proposals are for installation of up to eleven gas engine containers, and

associated infrastructure, with a combined electrical output of up to 49.9 MWe. Each engine is to be served by an individual stack of 12m height.

The facility is expected to operate up to a maximum of 2,500 hours per annum.

The facility would be operated in accordance with an Environmental Permit to be issued by Natural Resources Wales. Scope of Works / An Air Quality Assessment (AQA) has been undertaken to assess the potential Objectives of Study impacts of aerial emissions from the proposed operations on local receptors and to inform the planning application.

The AQA included a review of background air quality information, establishment of the local site setting and a review of technical data relating to the proposals. Atmospheric dispersion modelling has been undertaken of the potential engine

stack emissions (in the form of NOx, NO2 and CO) to enable assessment of the potential impacts of the stack emissions on nearby human health and ecological receptors.

The assessment has been undertaken in accordance with relevant guidance provided by the Institute of Air Quality Management (IAQM) and Natural Resources Wales / Environment Agency (EA) in relation to planning, environmental permitting and air quality. Site Setting The site is located within the northern area of the curtilage of the existing electrical sub-station, in a predominantly rural area, surrounded by open fields and scattered residential housing. The nearest existing residential development lies about 380m to the southwest of the site with other properties within 500m to the northeast and southeast. Background Air Quality Reference has been made to both WCBC air quality monitoring data and information provided by Defra to inform the likely local background air quality.

Concentrations of NOx, NO2 and CO in the immediate area and at nearby relevant receptors are expected to be well below established long-term and short-term Air Quality Assessment Levels (AQALs).

WCBC has not declared any AQMAs within its administrative area. A stretch of the A483, lying about 3.8km to the northeast of the site, has been identified by the

Welsh Government as failing to meet the EU annual mean NO2 limit value and is currently subject air quality mitigation measures. This area has not been declared an AQMA by WCBC.

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Conclusions and The assessment has considered the potential changes in pollutant concentrations Recommendations at relevant receptors due to the proposed development and the resulting total concentrations.

Greatest impacts are predicted at those residential receptors closest to the site to the northeast, southwest and southeast. Background pollutant concentrations at these locations are expected to be well below the AQALs, and the assessment

does not predict the proposed development to result in total long-term NO2 concentrations here to approach, or exceed, the relevant AQALs.

Predicted short-term total concentrations at the nearest residential receptors are predicted to remain well below the AQAL. The assessment has also included consideration of the nearby footpaths although any exposure here would be transient and the AQAL does not specifically apply. All predicted total concentrations remain well below the AQAL.

The assessment of ecological impacts has comprised a Critical level and Critical Load assessment, where relevant Critical Load information is available. It is concluded that the Proposed Development would not result in likely significant effects at any of the international designated sites.

Predicted long-term ambient NOx, nitrogen deposition and acid deposition PCs at the Legacy Sub-station LWS are all below the relevant screening thresholds. The

short-term ambient NOx PCs and PECs are above the screening thresholds at the

nearest parts of the LWS. The long-term effects of ambient NOx on vegetation are more significant than short-term and no statutory AQAL is established. Exceedance of the AQAL does not therefore infer that the Proposed Development would result in significant pollution. But this would require further consideration and assessment by an ecologist.

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Introduction

1.1 General 1.1.1 Harbour Energy Limited (‘HEL’) proposes to submit a planning application to the Planning Inspectorate Wales (‘the Inspectorate’) for the installation of a series of gas engines on an area of land at the Legacy 400 kV electricity sub-station, near Wrexham. The Proposed Development

would comprise up to eleven gas engines to provide up to 49.9MWe of power to the National

Grid. As the Proposed Development forms an energy generation facility in the 10-350MWe range it forms a Development of National Significance (DNS).

1.1.2 Axis, acting on behalf of HEL, instructed Smith Grant LLP (‘SGP’) to undertake an Air Quality Assessment of the proposed development (AQA). The following report is provided for submission with the pre-application Screening Report that is to be submitted to the Inspectorate.

1.1.3 The development would be located within the wider curtilage of the sub-station and land owned by National Grid. In this following report the term ‘site’ is used to refer to the area of land subject to the proposed development and which forms the subject of the planning application. The site lies within the administrative area of Wrexham County Borough Council (WCBC).

1.2 Scope and Objectives of the Report 1.2.1 The following report describes the AQA undertaken by SGP in accordance with the brief agreed with the client. The assessment considers the potential impacts of aerial emissions from the proposed operations on local receptors. The methodology follows the framework described in the IAQM: Land Use Planning and Development Control: Planning for Air1, 2 and, where applicable, Defra / Environment Agency (EA) Air Emissions Environmental Risk Assessment Guidance for environmental permitting facilities3.

1.2.2 The report describes the methods used to assess the impacts, the baseline conditions currently existing at the site and surroundings, the potential direct and indirect impacts of the development arising from aerial emissions, and the mitigation measures required to prevent, reduce or offset the impacts.

1.2.3 SGP is an environmental consultancy specialising in air quality assessments, particularly in association with emissions from proposed and operating combustion plants. The report reviewer, Katrina Hawkins, Partner, is a Member of the Institute of Air Quality Management (IAQM).

1 Institute of Air Quality Management (IAQM): Land Use Planning and Development Control: Planning for Air; January 2017 (v1.2) 2 Institute of Air Quality Management (IAQM), A guide to the assessment of air quality impacts on designated nature conservation sites, v1.0, June 2019 3Defra / Environment Agency, https://www.gov.uk/guidance/air-emissions-risk-assessment-for-your-environmental-permit, issued 1st February 2016, last updated 2nd August 2016

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Technical and Legislative Context

2.1 Technical Context 2.1.1 The aerial airborne pollutants of principal concern in connection with gas engines and which are

considered in the assessment are nitrogen oxides (NOx), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon

monoxide (CO). Nitrogen oxide (NOx) comprises nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitric oxide (NO). NO itself is not considered harmful to human health. However, on release to the atmosphere it

usually oxidises rapidly to NO2 which is associated with adverse effects on human health, causing

inflammation of the lungs at high concentrations. Long term exposure to NO2 can affect lung function and respiratory symptoms.

2.2 Legislation and Guidance

European Legislation 2.2.1 Action to manage and improve ambient air quality within the UK is driven largely by European (EU) legislation. The majority of European air quality legislation is consolidated under Directive 2008/50/EC on Ambient Air Quality and Cleaner Air for Europe, which came into force on 11th June 2008 consolidating an earlier Directive and three daughter directives. The legislation sets legally binding European-wide air quality limit and interim target values (Ambient Air Directive (AAD) Limit and Target Values) for concentrations in outdoor air of major air pollutants for the protection of human health and ecosystems and prescribes how air quality should be assessed and managed by Member States.

UK Legislation 2.2.2 The Air Quality (Standards) Regulations 2010 implement EU Directives 2008/50/EC and 2004/107/EC, a fourth daughter directive, transposing the AAD values into UK legislation. In the UK responsibility for meeting the AAD Limit and Target Values is devolved to the national administrations; the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) co-ordinates assessment and air quality plans for the UK as a whole.

2.2.3 Under the Environment Act 1995 the UK Government and the devolved administrations are required to produce a national Air Quality Strategy (AQS). This was last reviewed and published in 20074. The UK AQS sets out air quality objectives (AQOs) and policy options to improve air quality within the UK. The strategy sets AQOs for specific pollutants deemed to pose a risk for human health or other receptors, a number of which are derived from the EU limit and target values, although requirements for compliance vary. The UK AQS includes more exacting

AQOs for some pollutants than those required by EU legislation. AQOs are included for NOx,

NO2, and CO.

4 Defra (2007), The Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, 2007

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2.2.4 Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 imposes a duty on local authorities in the UK to review existing and projected air quality in their area. Any location likely to exceed the UK AQOs must be declared an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and an Action Plan prepared and implemented, with the aim of achieving the objectives. This process is referred to as Local Air Quality Management (LAQM). The LAQM process is supported by national statutory policy5 provided by the Welsh Government and technical guidance6 provided by Defra.

2.2.5 The standards and objectives relevant to the LAQM framework are prescribed through the Air Quality (Wales) Regulations (2000) and Air Quality (Wales)(Amendments) Regulations 2002.

2.2.6 The air quality objectives and limit values currently applicable to the UK can therefore be split into two groups. Each has a different legal status and is therefore handled differently within the framework of UK air quality policy. These are: • UK AQOs set down in regulations for the purposes of local air quality management; and, • European Union (EU) AAD limit values transposed into UK legislation for which compliance is mandatory.

2.2.7 The applicable EU limit and target values and UK AQOs relevant to the site and Proposed Development with regards to the protection of human health, referred to in this report as Air Quality Assessment Levels (AQALs), are summarised in Table 2.1 below.

Table 2.1: Relevant Air Quality Assessment Levels (AQALs) Pollutant AQAL Averaging Period Source 40 µg/m3 annual mean AAD Limit Value / AQO hourly mean, not to be NO2 200 µg/m3 exceeded more than 18 AAD Limit Value / AQO times per annum maximum daily running 8- CO 10 mg/m3 AAD Limit Value / AQO hour mean 1: standards not included within LAQM system

2.2.8 For the purposes of the AQALs ambient air refers to the outdoor air and excludes workplaces where members of the pubic do not have regular access. Advice is given in Defra guidance6 as to where the UK AQOs should apply as summarised below; slightly different compliance requirements are provided for EU limit and target values:

5 Welsh Government, Local Air Quality Management, Policy Guidance (PG(W))17), June 2017 6 Defra, Local Air Quality Management, Technical Guidance (TG16), February 2018

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Table 2.2: Summary of where the AQOs should apply averaging period objective should apply at annual mean all locations where members of the public might be regularly exposed; including facades of residential properties, schools, hospitals, care homes etc 24-hour mean and 8- all locations where the annual mean objectives apply together with hotels and hr mean gardens of residential properties 1-hr mean all locations where the annual mean, 24-hour and 8-hour means apply; also kerbside sites, parts of car parks, bus stations and railway stations which are not fully enclosed and any outdoor locations where members of the public might reasonably be expected to spend 1 hour or longer. 15-min mean all locations where members of the public may be reasonably exposed for a period of 15 minutes Note: the AQOs do not apply at building facades or other places of work where members of the public do not have regular access

2.2.9 Additional statutory and non-statutory ambient air quality standards (termed Critical Levels) are also provided by the UK Air Quality Strategy and EA guidance for the protection of vegetation and ecosystems to be applied at nature conservation sites. Applicable standards for this assessment are detailed below:

Table 2.3: Critical Levels for Protection of Vegetation and Ecosystems Pollutant Concentration (µg/m3) Measured as

nitrogen oxides (as NO2) 30 annual mean 75 / 2001 daily mean 1: The Critical Level is generally considered to be 75 µg/m3, but this only applies where there are high concentrations of SO2 and this is not generally the situation in the UK. See Section 8 for more information.

2.2.10 Additional standards, termed Critical Loads, are also established in relation to nitrogen and acid deposition. These are habitat specific and discussed further in Section 8 where relevant.

2.2.11 In January 2019 Defra published the Clean Air Strategy7. This sets out the UK Government’s plans for dealing with all sources of air pollution. The strategy gives a detailed breakdown of the action that is required across the UK to meet the legally bindings international targets to reduce

emissions of NOx and other pollutants. The strategy also supports the implementation and roll out of Clean Air Zones (CAZs) in the most polluted areas of the UK.

2.2.12 In December 2019 the Welsh Government published a draft Clean Air Plan for Wales8 which is currently under consultation. This sets out the Welsh Government’s plans for improving air quality.

7 UK Government, Clean Air Strategy, published 14 January 2019, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/clean-air- strategy-2019 8 Welsh Government, Clean Air Plan for Wales, Healthy Air, Healthy Wales, Consultation Draft, published 10 December 2019;

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2.3 Pollution Control - Environmental Permits 2.3.1 A wide range of industrial, waste and agricultural installations require an Environment Permit to operate under the Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2016 (EPR), and subsequent amendments. The aim of the permitting system is to prevent, and where that is not practicable reduce, emissions to air, water and land by potentially polluting and other installations.

2.3.2 Premises that are operated under a Permit are required to operate in such a way that a) all the appropriate preventative measures are taken against pollution, in particular through the application of the best available technique; and b) no significant pollution is caused. Permits are issued by either Natural Resources Wales (NRW) or the Local Authority dependant on the nature and size of the facility.

2.3.3 The applicability of Environmental Permitting to the proposed operations is discussed below in Section 3.

2.4 National Planning Policy and Guidance

2.4.1 Planning Policy Wales9 sets out the Welsh Government’s planning policies for Wales and how these are expected to be applied. Section 6.7 of the PPW is titled Air Quality and Soundscape Framework and provides some guidance to local authorities on taking air quality into account in planning policies and decisions.

2.4.2 Section 6.7.5 states that ‘the key planning policy principle is to consider the effects which proposed developments may have on air or landscape quality and the effects which existing air or soundscape quality may have on proposed developments.’

2.4.3 Section 6.7.6 states: ‘In proposing new development, planning authorities and developers must, therefore: • address any implication arising as a result of its association with, or location with, air quality management areas, noise action planning priority areas or areas where there are sensitive receptors; • not create areas of poor air quality or inappropriate soundscape; • seek to incorporate measures which reduce overall exposure to air and noise pollution and create appropriate soundscapes.

2.4.4 Section 6.7.7 states: ‘To assist decision making it will be important that the most appropriate level of information is provided and it may be necessary for a technical air quality and noise assessment to be undertaken by a suitably qualified and competent person on behalf of the developer.’

9 Welsh Government, Planning Policy Wales, Edition 10, December 2018, https://gov.wales/planning-policy-wales

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2.4.5 Section 6.7.14 further states: ‘Proposed development should be designed wherever possible to prevent adverse effects to amenity, health and the environment but as a minimum to limit or constrain any effects that do occur.’

2.4.6 No further specific guidance is currently provided in the NPPF or the supporting technical guidance in relation to air quality. In assessing the risks posed to, or by, new development, reference is therefore also made to non-statutory guidance issued by IAQM, as detailed below.

2.5 Local Planning Policy

Wrexham County Borough Council 2.5.1 The WCBC Unitary Development Plan (UDP)10 was adopted in 2005 and sets out the strategic policies applicable to the plan area. WCBC is currently preparing a new Local Development Plan 2 (2013-2028); however, all policies in the current adopted UDP will remain effective until replaced by the new LDP.

2.5.2 General Development Principle GDP1 sets out a number of general development objectives, including:

GDP1: All development should:

f) Ensure the safety and amenity of the public and safeguard the environment from the adverse effects of pollution of water, land or air, hazards from industry and quarrying, and associated noise, odour or vibration arising from development.

2.5.3 There are no specific policies in relation to air quality including within Section 5: Environment and Conservation of the UDP.

2.6 Additional Guidance and Best Practice 2.6.1 The IAQM Planning for Air Quality1 document provides non-statutory guidance on air quality and the planning system for new development. The guidance clarifies when an air quality assessment is required, what it should contain and how impacts should be described and assessed.

2.6.2 The IAQM A guide to the assessment of air quality impacts on designated nature conservation sites2 document provides non-statutory guidance to assist in the assessment of the air quality impacts of development on designated nature conservation sites.

2.6.3 The Environment Agency (EA) provides guidance3 regarding the recommended methodology and content of air emissions risk assessment methodology in support of environmental permit

10 Wrexham County Borough Council, Unitary Development Plan, 14 February 2005

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applications. This guidance is also currently applicable to environmental permit applications being submitted to NRW for facilities in Wales.

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Site Location and Proposed Development

3.1 Site Details 3.1.1 The site encompasses an area of open land within the curtilage of the existing National Grid Electricity Sub-Station located at Legacy, 4.6km to the west of Wrexham as shown below in Figure 3.1.

3.1.2 The sub-station lies to the north of the B5426, Bronwylfa Road. The site itself lies within the northern part of the sub-station area as shown in the plans11 provided with the Screening Report; selected ones of which are reproduced in Appendix A. The surrounding area is rural in nature with scattered isolated residential properties to the northwest and northeast and wider residential development along Bronwylfa Road to the southwest and southeast.

3.1.3 Summary site details are:

Table 3.1: Site Details Address Land adjoining an electricity sub-station, Legacy, Wrexham, near LL14 4HY National Grid Reference SJ29384861 Local Authority Wrexham County Borough Council (WCBC) Nature of Current Site undeveloped land Proposed Development erection of containers housing up to eleven gas engines producing

a combined electrical output of up to 49.9MWe Access accessed via a private road off the B5426, Bronwylfa Road and through existing sub-station

3.2 Existing Development 3.2.1 The area of the site itself is currently undeveloped.

3.3 Proposed Development 3.3.1 Full details of the proposed development are included within the planning application and supporting documentation and only those aspects of relevance to the AQA are detailed below.

3.3.2 The proposals are for the installation of up to eleven gas engines, each to be housed in individual containers. The gas engines are to be fuelled by natural gas and produce a combined potential

maximum electrical output of up to 49.9MWe. The key emissions from the combustion of natural

gas are oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO).

11 Axis, Legacy, General Arrangement, ref: 2658-01-005, February 2020

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3.3.3 The application would include the construction of an access track to the engines from existing tracks within the wider sub-station area.

Figure 3.1: Site Location

3.4 Environmental Permitting 3.4.1 As noted above in Section 2 facilities may require an Environmental Permit to operate depending on the nature and scale of that facility as set out in the Environmental Permitting Regulations 2016 and as amended. The regulations include the requirements of the EU Industrial Emissions Directive (IED: 2010/75/EU) which was transposed into UK law under an amendment in 2013.

3.4.2 Under the regulations combustion activities with a rated thermal input of 50 or more megawatts

(50MWth), as defined in the IED, must obtain a Part A(1) Environmental Permit issued by NRW. When 2 or more combustion plant are operated on the same site by the same operator they are

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treated as a single appliance and if the combined thermal input is equal to or exceeds 50 megawatts they are considered a Part A(1) activity and are subject to Part A(1) Permitting requirements.

3.4.3 The IED also sets out specific additional requirements for Large Combustion Plant (LCP) within Chapter III and Annex V. These requirements only apply where the individual combustion units

that are linked, or could be linked., via a common stack are more than 15MWth.

3.4.4 New requirements for combustion plant with thermal input ratings of between 1MWth and 50MWth have recently been introduced into UK legislation through the transposition of the EU Medium Combustion Plant Directive (MCPD: EU 2015/2193)12, along with additional UK specific controls on generators. The regulations impose requirements to obtain Environmental Permits to operate Medium Combustion Plant (MCP) and generators from NRW and to meet certain emission limit values (ELVs); the permit requirements and ELVs are dependent on the fuel and related thermal input of the installation, at what date the plant became operational and number of operational hours per year.

3.4.5 In combination the gas engines of the Proposed Development will have a combined thermal input

of ~108MWth. However, individually, each gas engine would be below the threshold for large combustion plant. Therefore it is understood that the Proposed Development would be regulated by NRW as a Part A(1) activity but be subject to the specific ELV requirements of the MCP and generator provisions, rather than the LCP provisions; this would be subject to confirmation with NRW.

3.4.6 Each individual generator would need to comply with specified ELVs with regards to NOx. The required ELV for the generators (on the basis they are defined as Tranche B generators that 3 came into operation after December 2016) is 190 mg/Nm NOx at 15% O2, dry; this is equivalent 3 to 507 mg/Nm NOx at 5% O2, dry. The MCP applies slightly different, and potentially additional, requirements. For gas engine plant combusting natural gas and put into operation post 20th 3 December 2018 the required MCP ELV is 95 mg/Nm NOx at 15% O2, dry; this is broadly 3 equivalent to 250 mg/Nm NOx at 5% O2, dry.

3.4.7 The most stringent ELV required under the different MCP and generator controls is to be applied to any plant. For the Proposed Development the most stringent applicable ELV will be that for 3 3 new MCP (engines combusting natural gas) at 95 mg/Nm NOx at 15% O2 (i.e. 250 mg/Nm NOx

at 5% O2, dry), subject to confirmation with NRW.

12 Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) (Amendment) Regulations 2018, made 29th January 2018

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Assessment Methodology

4.1 Methodology 4.1.1 In undertaking the air quality assessment SGP has carried out the following activities:

• site visit to view the site and surrounding area; • review of development proposals; • review of baseline air quality, WCBC air quality reports and monitoring data; • review of appropriate meteorological data including local wind speed and direction statistics;

• review of technical information relating to proposed process emissions, specifically NOx /

NO2 and CO;

• modelling of stack emissions, specifically NOx / NO2 and CO, using the ADMS atmospheric dispersion model; • assessment of stack emission impacts on human health and ecological receptors; • provision of recommendations for mitigation where necessary.

4.1.2 The baseline data has mainly been gathered through a desk top study and a site visit. No additional survey or field work has been undertaken as part of this assessment. In undertaking the assessment reference has been made to the following principal sources of information:

Table 4.1: Information Sources Reference and Data Author and Source Purpose and Information Content Background and Topographical Information Promap, accessed February Ordnance Survey (OS) general mapping information including 2020 topography, ground features, rights of way, communications etc Google Earth aerial imagery site setting www.environment.data.gov.uk Environment Agency general information on industrial pollution sources www.magic.gov.uk; accessed multi-agency web-based interactive map containing February 2020 information on nature conservation areas Air Quality Information North Wales Authority Wood update of local authority air quality Collaborative Report, Air monitoring and assessment across North Quality Progress Report, Wales up to the end of 2018 September 2019 (and earlier reports) www.aqma.defra.gov.uk Defra details and maps of AQMAs throughout UK

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Reference and Data Author and Source Purpose and Information Content www.defra.gov.uk Defra Local Authority air quality management support; background pollutant mapping

4.1.3 Additional information has been provided by Avian Ecology relating to local nature conservation sites.

4.1.4 A site visit was undertaken by D. Lloyd, SGP Associate on 18th February 2020 to obtain overview information on the site, site surroundings and local receptors in the vicinity.

4.2 Stack Emissions Assessment 4.2.1 The potential impacts of emissions from the stacks associated with the gas engines on nearby receptors have been assessed using atmospheric dispersion modelling. The modelling has been undertaken using ADMS 5 supplied by Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants (CERC). The derivation of emission rates and modelling methodology are detailed in Section 6.

4.2.2 The model outputs have been compared to the relevant AQALs as described in Section 2. Detailed assessment has been undertaken in accordance with IAQM guidance1 in relation to planning applications and air quality. Where applicable, in the absence of other relevant guidance, reference has been made to EA guidance2 on environmental permit applications.

4.2.3 Technical details of the processes and combustion emissions were provided by the developer and have been incorporated as necessary in the description of the proposed development.

4.3 Scoped Out Matters

Construction Dust 4.3.1 Given the nature of the Proposed Development and expected limited required earthworks and construction works, significant impacts due to construction dust and trackout would not be expected. The potential for the generation of dust can be readily mitigated through the incorporation of standard mitigation measures and if required, the implementation of a Construction Dust Management Plan can be specified through the inclusion of a condition within an granted planning permission.

4.3.2 A construction dust assessment has not therefore been undertaken as part of this AQA.

Vehicle Exhaust Emissions 4.3.3 The construction phase would be of short duration. On completion the Proposed Development would not be manned, although a team of maintenance engineers would visit the site on routine weekly maintenance visits. As such the development would not generate significant vehicle movements during either the construction or operational phases.

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4.3.4 As such further consideration of potential impacts associated with vehicle exhaust emissions has not been considered as part of this AQA.

4.4 Identification of Receptors 4.4.1 The assessment has considered potential air quality impacts upon a range of representative receptors. In identifying potential receptors to be considered in the assessment reference has been made to IAQM and EA guidance. Potential receptors have been considered on the following basis:

Table 4.2: Receptor Selection Principles Human Health Receptors Houses / groups of houses identified based on distance from site boundaries, Schools, hospitals, shops operational areas, sensitivity and likely duration of Public rights of way, recreational / leisure use areas exposure Nature Conservation sites European sites (SPAs, SACs and RAMSARs) within 10km of site boundaries SSSIs within 2km of site boundaries National Nature Reserves (NNRs), Local Nature Reserves (LNRs) and local nature sites

4.5 Significance Evaluation Methodology – Human Health 4.5.1 The severity of impacts and significance of potential air quality effects on human health receptors have been assessed primarily through reference to the IAQM guidance1 with regards to air quality and planning. The IAQM recommended approach is to initially assess the potential air quality impacts at selected individual receptors before assigning overall significance.

4.5.2 The severity of an impact of a pollutant at a receptor is based on the change in concentrations at a receptor brought about by the scheme (as a percentage of the AQAL) and the resulting average concentration at the receptor as summarised below (see IAQM guidance for full table and explanations):

Table 4.3: Impact Descriptors for individual receptors – long-term concentrations Long term average concentration % Change in Concentration relative to Air Quality Assessment at receptor in assessment year Level (AQAL) 0 1 2-5 6-10 >10 75% of less of AQAL negligible negligible negligible slight moderate 76-94% of AQAL negligible negligible slight moderate moderate 95-102% of AQAL negligible slight moderate moderate substantial 103-109% of AQAL negligible moderate moderate substantial substantial 110% or more of AQAL negligible moderate substantial substantial substantial Note: Refer to Table 6.3 of IAQM guidance for detail and explanatory notes

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4.5.3 The change in concentration relative to the AQAL (the process contribution) is rounded to the nearest whole number. For example, where the % change is less than 0.5%, the %change is 0% and impact descriptor is negligible; where between 0.5% and 1.5% the change is 1%.

4.5.4 This approach is only applicable to long-term average concentrations (annual means). In considering short-term peak concentrations (i.e. those averaged over periods of an hour or less) the IAQM guidance provides the following impact descriptors:

Table 4.4: Impact Descriptors for individual receptors – short-term concentrations % of relevant short-term ES1 impact descriptor 10% or less negligible 10-20% slight 21-50% moderate 51% or above substantial 1: rounded to whole numbers Refer to 6.39 of IAQM guidance for detail

4.5.5 Where process related contributions are less than 1% of the relevant long-term standard and 10% of the short-term standard then the severity of impacts is negligible irrespective of the background concentrations. This is consistent with the screening thresholds provided in the EA guidance for environmental permitting applications3.

4.6 Significance Evaluation Methodology – Ecological Receptors 4.6.1 The IAQM guidance in relation to nature conservation sites2 provides outline principals on the approach to the assessment of air quality impacts on such sites in a planning context. Further reference is made to the EA guidance for environmental permitting applications3. The impact assessment terminology varies depending on the protection status of the nature conservation sites.

4.6.2 For European sites an assessment is made as to whether the proposed development is ‘likely to have a significant effect’, and whether this could lead to an ‘adverse effect on site integrity’. For SSSIs the assessment needs to determine whether the proposed development is ‘likely to damage’ the site. For all other nature conservation sites the assessment needs to determine whether the proposed developed would result in ‘significant pollution’.

4.6.3 The guidance provides the following screening (‘de minimis’) thresholds with regards to nature conservation sites and pollutant contributions to indicate whether impacts may have likely significant effects and the need for further detailed assessment:

Table 4.5: Screening (‘Simple’) Assessment Criteria for Nature Conservation Receptors European Sites and SSSIs

PClong-term is insignificant where less than 1% of relevant Critical Level / Load

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PCshort-term is insignificant where less than 10% of relevant Critical Level / Load

PEClong-term will result in no likely significant effect (European sites) / no likely damage (SSSIs) where less than 70% of relevant Critical Level / Load Local Nature Sites (NNRs, LNRs, LWSs and Ancient Woodland)

PClong-term is insignificant where less than 100% of relevant Critical Level / Load / will result in no potential pollution

PCshort-term is insignificant where less than 100% of relevant Critical Level / Load / will result in no potential pollution PC = Process Contribution; PEC = Predicted Environmental Concentration

4.6.4 Where the PClong-term and PCshort-term are less than the screening thresholds, they are considered insignificant and no further assessment is necessary as detailed in internal EA guidance13, 14. For European sites and SSSIs where necessary further assessment is undertaken considering

background concentrations. Where the resulting PEClong-term is less than 70% of the relevant Critical Level / Load then it can be concluded there is no likely significant effect / no likely damage. This is intended to be a trigger threshold for requiring atmospheric dispersion modelling and it is not intended to be a damage threshold.

4.6.5 Exceedance of 70% of the Critical Level / Load does not therefore infer that a significant effect / damage is likely, but that further detailed assessment, including modelling, may be necessary15, 16. This internal guidance is primarily aimed at undertaking ‘appropriate assessments’ as required under the Habitats Directive, but the principals are also applied to other designated nature conservation sites under the Environmental Permitting regime.

4.6.6 Current guidance1 is that the screening thresholds above apply both ‘alone’ and ‘in-combination’ (also termed ‘cumulative’) in relation to assessments of potential impacts on European sites, where ‘in-combination’ refers to other plans and projects that many be undergoing development or planned in the area. Hence, it may be that although a project considered ‘alone’ may result in PCs less than the relevant screening threshold, in-combination with other projects the resulting combined PCs may be more than the screening threshold and further assessment is required. At present there are no agreed lower thresholds, such as levels that would result in no appreciable effect, that can be used to rule out the need for an in-combination assessment.

4.6.7 It is also noted that previous EA advice17 has been ‘Experience of permitting allows us to be confident that it is unlikely that a substantial number of plans or projects will occur in the same

13 Environment Agency: Operational Instruction 66_12 ‘Simple assessment of the impact of aerial emissions from new or expanding IPPC regulated industry for impacts on nature conservation’; issued 08/05/12 14 AQTAG 21, Environment Agency, ‘Likely significant effect’ use of 1% and 4% long-term thresholds and 10% short-term threshold 15 AQTAQ 06, Environment Agency, Technical Guidance on detailed modelling approach for an appropriate assessment for emissions to air, 20/04/10, version 10 16 Environment Agency: Operational Instruction 67_12 ‘Detailed assessment of the impact of aerial emissions from new or expanding IPPC regulated industry for impacts on nature conservation’, issued 01/03/12 17 EA, AQTAG21, ‘Likely significant effect’ – use of 1% and 4% long-term thresholds ad 10% short-term threshold, draft 27.03.15

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area at the same time, such that their in-combination impact would give rise to concern at the appropriate assessment stage. If such a situation was to arise then the assessment could be determined on a case by case basis.’

4.7 Overall Assessment 4.7.1 Where negligible impacts are predicted the overall effects will be not significant. In general, where slight impacts at receptors are predicted the resulting effects would be considered to be not significant. Moderate and substantial impacts could result in significant effects. However, the judgement of the overall significance of air quality effects takes into account a number of additional factors, including but not limited to:

• the existing and predicted future air quality in the absence of the proposed development; • the extent of current and future population exposure to the predicted impacts and the severity of those impacts; • whether the predicted impacts potentially result in failure to achieve compliance, or enhance compliance, with EU AAD values and / or UK AQOs and national and / or local air quality action plans; • whether the predicted impacts potentially result in the need for declaration of a new or extended AQMA, or removal of an existing AQMA • whether the predicted impacts potentially result in permanent or temporary damage, or improvements, to nature conservation sites of local, national or international importance and the geographical extent of those impacts; • the influence and validity of any assumptions adopted when undertaking the prediction of impacts.

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Site Setting and Baseline Conditions

5.1 General Site Setting 5.1.1 The site is located about 4.6km to the southwest of Wrexham. The site is a currently undeveloped area of land located within the curtilage of an existing electrical sub-station at Legacy as shown in Figure 3.1 above. The sub-station and associated infrastructure lie to the immediate south / southeast. Adjoining land to the north and east comprise open undeveloped land, including a large bund, that also forms part of the wider sub-station boundary.

5.1.2 An Education Centre is marked on current OS mapping (1:25,000 scale) as being present within the wider sub-station boundary. However, it has been confirmed that this is no longer present.

5.1.3 The site setting is generally rural comprising undeveloped agricultural land and scattered residential properties. Agricultural fields surround the sub-station boundary to the north, east and west with scattered isolated residential properties lying to the west and northeast. Further residential properties lie to the south / southwest of the site and sub-station along Bronwylfa Road, the B5426. Legacy Water Treatment Works lies to the immediate south of the sub-station on Bronwylfa Road.

5.1.4 Site boundaries and immediate environs are:

Table 5.1: Site Boundaries and Environs Direction Boundary Neighbouring Land north undefined boundary open land within wider sub-station boundary including vegetated mound; open agricultural fields beyond east undefined boundary open land within wider sub-station boundary; open agricultural fields beyond south undefined boundary open land within wider sub-station boundary; electricity sub-station and associated infrastructure west undefined boundary open land within wider sub-station boundary; open agricultural fields beyond

5.1.5 The closest residential properties are located about 380m to the south-southwest and 410m to the south-southeast on the B5426, and 425m to the east-northeast (Cadwyn Hall). Scattered residential properties lie in the wider area. The residential development of Talwrn lies 600m to the south, beyond which lies the village of Ponciau about 1.5km distant. The development of Rhostyllen lies about 1.7km to the east, beyond the A483 dual carriageway.

5.1.6 No other highly sensitive receptors such as schools or hospitals have been identified within 500m of the site boundary, the nearest school being identified as lying 1.9km to the east and 1.6km to the south.

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5.1.7 Several public footpaths are shown on OS mapping in the vicinity of the site as shown below in Figure 5.1. These include a north-south trending path running along the western edge of the sub-station boundary.

Figure 5.1: Site Immediate Environs

5.1.8 An area within the Site is indicated as having been planted as a wildlife meadow by the North Wales Wildlife Trust. It is not believed there is regular public access to this area.

5.1.9 A solar farm is located 165m to the north-northwest and 220m west of the site. A water treatment facility lies to the south located between the sub-station and B5426.

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5.2 Nature Conservation Sites 5.2.1 EA guidance for environmental permitting requires consideration of any international statutory designated sites (such as SPAs, SACs and Ramsar sites) within 10km of an installation and national or local designated sites (such as SSSIs, NNRs, LNRs and local nature sites (ancient woodland and local wildlife sites)) within 2km.

5.2.2 The following designated nature conservation sites have been identified within the appropriate screening radii:

Table 5.2: Habitat Sites Name Designation Distance and Orientation from Site Boundary International sites within 10km1 Johnstown Newt Site SAC 1.9km SE Berwyn and South Clywd Mountains SAC 2.5km W River Dee & Bala Lake SAC 6.5km S Midland Meres & Mosses Phase 2 RAMSAR 8.1km NE National or local sites within 2km SSSIs1 Johnstown Newt Site SSSI 1.9km SE Other National / Local sites2 Legacy Sub-Station (W218) LWS on site Bromwylfa Wood (W219) LWS 641m W Crematorium (W222) LWS 646m SW Nant Mill Grasslands (W507) LWS 809m N Big Wood (W217) LWS 988m N Nant Mill Bat Sites (W506) LWS 1.4km NNW 1: Based on information provided by Avian Ecology and obtained from MAGIC (www.magic.defra.gov.uk) 2: Based on information provided by Avian Ecology and obtained from Cofnod 5.2.3 For full details on these nature conservations sites, including locations and boundaries, reference should be made to the report prepared by Avian Ecology in relation to the planning application. Applicable information of relevance to this AQA is detailed below in Section 8.

5.3 Topography 5.3.1 The site itself and adjoining land forming part of the sub-station and associated infrastructure is roughly level and is mapped at approximately 145m AOD according to surrounding spot heights and contours.

5.3.2 Ground to the immediate north of the site, and lying within the sub-station boundary, rises steeply to a bund, with a maximum elevation of 165.4m aod (20m above the elevation of the site). Similar bunds lie on the western and southeastern boundaries of the sub-station site. It is likely therefor

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that land was levelled as part of the original sub-station construction and the bunds comprise the residual materials.

5.3.3 The site lies to the east of the north-south stretch of Ruabon and Esclusham Mountains, with the ground to the west rising to an elevation of 500m aod about 5km to the west. Ground to the east falls gently to about 70m aod 320m distant.

5.4 Air Quality Review 5.4.1 WCBC forms one of six Local Authorities across the North Wales region and air quality data collected by WCBC in fulfilment under the LAQM reporting requirements is collated and reported with data for these other authorities, the North Wales Authorities. Reference has been made to the North Wales Authorities Air Quality Progress Report 2019, September 201918. The report details the results of monitoring data up until the end of 2018.

5.4.2 WCBC has not declared any Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) within its area.

5.5 Background Airborne Pollutant Concentrations

5.5.1 Predicted background air quality data for NO2, NOx and CO for 2020 were obtained from the Defra LAQM website for the 1km x 1km grid square in which the application site and nearby receptors are located.

5.5.2 The predicted data is based on 2017 ambient monitoring and meteorological data and incorporate revised information on the age and distribution of vehicles and emission factors. Predicted data

is provided by Defra for each year for NOx and NO2 from 2015 to 2030. Data for CO has been extrapolated to 2020 in accordance with the Defra guidance19.

5.5.3 Predicted background concentrations for the current year (2020) for the site are summarised below in Table 5.3. Full data for surrounding grid squares of relevant to receptors considered further in the assessment are provided in Appendix B.

Table 5.3: Predicted Background Air Quality Data – 2020 Grid Square Location Annual Mean Concentrations (µg/m3)

NO2 NOx CO 329500 348500 Site, adjoining sub-station, Cadwgan Hall, Bryn Rhedyn 4.63 5.91 111 Farm and properties along Bronwylfa Road to south objective (annual mean) 40 30 n/a data downloaded from Defra website on 29th February 2020; data provided on Defra website 7th May 2019

18 Wood; North Wales Authorities Collaborative Report, Air Quality Progress Report, September 2019 19 Defra (2017). Background Concentration Maps User Guide. Available at: https://laqm.defra.gov.uk/documents/2015-based- background-maps-user-guide-v1.0.pdf

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5.5.4 The average background annual mean NO2 and NOx concentrations for the grid squares in which the assessment site and nearby receptors are located are all predicted to be substantially below the relevant AQALs in 2020.

5.5.5 It should be noted that the data are effectively an average concentration across each 1 km square. The pollutant concentrations will therefore be higher close to any significant source, such as main roads and junctions, including the A483 to the east, and concentrated habitation.

5.6 Local Authority Monitored Air Quality

Continuous Monitoring 5.6.1 Ambient air monitoring was undertaken using an automatic monitor at 1 location within the WCBC area in 2018. The monitor forms part of the Defra AURN (Automatic Urban and Rural Monitoring Network) and was located about 3.6km to the west of the site within the town of Wrexham as summarised below:

Table 5.4: Automatic Monitoring Stations Site ID Location Grid ref. Type Distance & Pollutants Orientation from Site Monitored

AURN Victoria Road 332863, 349913 Roadside 3.6km west NO2, PM2.5, PM10

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Figure 5.1: Location of Air Quality Features and Monitoring

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5.6.2. Annual mean and 1-hour mean measured NO2 concentrations for 2014-2018 at this location is provided below:

Table 5.5: Automatic Monitors - Annual Mean Nitrogen Dioxide Concentrations Site ID Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m3) (bias adjusted)1 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 AURN 21 19.1 18.8 16.5 18.2 1: Data provided in NWA 2019 APR and earlier reports Exceedances of the long-term UK AQO (40 µg/m3) are shown in bold

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Table 5.6: Automatic Monitors – 1-Hour Mean Nitrogen Dioxide Concentrations 3 1 Site ID 1-Hour Mean NO2 Concentrations >200 µg/m 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 AURN 0 0 0 0 0 1: Data provided in NWA 2019 APR and earlier reports Exceedances of the NO2 1-hour mean objective (200 µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 18 times a year) are shown in bold.

5.6.3. Monitored concentrations of NO2 are well below the relevant AQALs.

Diffusion Tube Monitoring

5.6.4. WCBC operates a network of diffusion tubes for monitoring NO2 concentrations across the Council area which in 2018 incorporated 26 locations. None of these were in the immediate vicinity of the site or local road network with the nearest location being 1.6km to the east of the site.

5.6.5. The monitoring locations within 2km of the site are detailed below and shown in Figure 5.1 above.

Table 5.7: Diffusion Tube Monitoring Locations Ref. Location Grid ref. Type1 Distance & Orientation from Site WBC-030 B5605 Wrexham Road / ~330870 3481232 Roadside 1.6km E B5098 junction2 1: Type as defined in Defra LAQM.TG(16)6; where ‘roadside’ refers to a site sampling typically within 1 to 5m of the kerb of a busy road (although distance can be up to 15m from the kerb in some cases) 2: Grid reference and location provided in ASR is Rhostyllen Roundabout, Wrexham (A483), NGR: 330950 348170. However, WCBC has confirmed diffusion tube is actually located on road sign at the B5605 Wrexham Road / B5098 junction.

5.6.6. The annual mean NO2 concentrations at this location are summarised below:

Table 5.8: Diffusion Tubes - Annual Mean Nitrogen Dioxide Concentrations Site ID Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m3) (bias adjusted)1 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 WBC-030 39.9 36.9 35.8 33.1 34.9 1: Data provided in NWA 2019 APR Exceedances of the long-term UK AQO (40 µg/m3) are shown in bold

5.7.1. In 2014 the annual mean NO2 concentration at WBC-30 approached the AQAL at 39.9 µg/m3. Over the 2015-2018 period concentrations have been lower, peaking at 92% of the AQAL in 2015. The monitoring location is reported as a ‘roadside’ location and being 35m from the nearest relevant exposure and hence is not indicative of concentrations at a receptor. The different actual location to that reported in the 2018 ASR, as noted in Table 5.7, is however noted. However, the

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reported concentrations would appear higher than may be expected for this actual monitoring location.

5.8. Additional Considerations 5.8.1. A stretch of the A483, from J5 (Mold Road Interchange) to J6 (Gresford Interchange), has been

identified by Defra / Welsh Government as failing to achieve the EU annual mean NO2 Limit Value. Modelling and monitoring predicted compliance to be achieved by 201820. Speed reduction measures (speed limit of 50 mph) are currently in force on this stretch of the A483 to achieve compliance as soon as possible.

5.8.2. The stretch of interest lies about 3.8km to the northeast of the site as shown in Figure 5.1. It has not been declared as an AQMA by WCBC.

5.7. Industrial Emissions and Other Emission Sources 5.8.3. The surrounding land is predominantly rural with no particular industrial activities identified in the locality.

5.8.4. No NRW Environmental Permitted facilities have been identified within 2km of the Site.

5.9. Wind Speed and Direction 5.9.1. The most important meteorological parameters governing the atmospheric dispersion of pollutants are: • wind direction: determines the broad direction of the transport of the emission; • wind speed: affects the ground levels concentrations by determining the initial dilution of pollutants emitted; • atmospheric stability: a measure of atmospheric turbulence and hence dispersion of pollutants.

5.9.2. The closest meteorological station to the Site that can provide appropriate meteorological data for use within dispersion modelling (hourly sequential) is located at Hawarden Airport (NGR: 334260, 364663, 163m aod), about 17km to the north-northeast. Conditions at the Hawarden station are, however, strongly influenced by the proximity of the River Dee and are not considered applicable to the Site. Other stations are located at least 35km distant from the Site at Bala, Shawbury and Rhyl No2, none of which are considered likely to be representative of conditions at the Site.

5.9.3. Given the uncertainties in the applicability in the available monitored meteorological data to conditions at the Site, Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) meteorological data has been

20 WSP, A483 Wrexham, WELTAG Stage 3 Report, Project Ref: 7004508, September 2018

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obtained instead from the Met Office. The annual windroses for the years 205-2019 are provided below in Figure 5.3

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Figure 5.3: Annual Windroses derived from Site-Specific NWP Data (years 2015-2019)

ADMS Windrose Wrexham 2015 ADMS Windrose Wrexham 2016

0° 0° 2000 1500 330° 30° 330° 30°

1200 1500

900 300° 60° 300° 60° 1000 600

500 300

270° 90° 270° 90°

240° 120° 240° 120°

210° 150° 210° 150°

180° 180° 0 3 6 10 16 (knot s) 0 3 6 10 16 (knot s) Wind speed Wind speed 0 1.5 3.1 5.1 8.2 (m/ s) 0 1.5 3.1 5.1 8.2 (m/ s)

ADMS Windrose Wrexham 2017 ADMS Windrose Wrexham 2018

0° 0° 2000 1500 330° 30° 330° 30°

1200 1500

900 300° 60° 1000 300° 60° 600 500 300

270° 90° 270° 90°

240° 120° 240° 120°

210° 150° 210° 150° 180° 0 3 6 10 16 (knot s) 180° 0 3 6 10 16 (knot s) Wind speed Wind speed 0 1.5 3.1 5.1 8.2 (m/ s) 0 1.5 3.1 5.1 8.2 (m/ s)

ADMS Windrose Wrexham 2019

0° 1500 330° 30°

1200

900 300° 60°

600

300

270° 90°

240° 120°

210° 150°

180° 0 3 6 10 16 (knot s) Wind speed 0 1.5 3.1 5.1 8.2 (m/ s)

5.9.4. The windroses depict annual average wind speeds and directions for each year. They show the prevailing wind direction to be from sectors 180º through to 300º, i.e. from the south through

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to the west-northwest. These are slightly atypical of standard UK conditions, which are predominantly southwesterly, due to the influences of the nearby Ruabon and Esclusham Mountains.

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Assessment – Model Setup

6.1 Sources of Emissions 6.1.1 The ADMS atmospheric dispersion model (ADMS 5; version 5.2) has been used to model potential ground-level pollutant concentrations arising from the proposed stack emissions.

6.2 Energy Generation Plant 6.2.1 At the time of the submission the design and layout of the proposed development has been fixed as shown in the submitted plans. However, the final choice of generators to be used, including thermal capacity, has not been made. The assessment has therefore been undertaken on a

possible generator option that may be used. This comprises 11 x 4.4 MWe engines (Jenbacher JMS J624GS-NL), each served by an individual 12m stack.

6.2.2 The assessment has considered the emissions from these potential gas engine stacks, the characteristics of which are detailed in Table 6.1:

Table 6.1: Stack Characteristics (based on example engines)

11 x 4.4MWe engines (Jenbacher JMS J624GS-NL) stack locations1 329331.17, 348619.21 329365.95, 348623.09 329336.13, 348619.76 329370.92, 348623.64 329341.1, 348620.32 329375.89, 348624.2 329346.07, 348620.87 329380.86, 348624.75 329351.04, 348621.43 329385.83, 348625.31 329356.01, 348621.98 stack heights3 12m (7.4m above container height) effective internal diameter 0.575m exhaust gas volume flow, dry2 17,496 Nm3/hr exhaust gas volume flow, wet2 19,300Nm3/hr flue gas temperature 348ºC container heights3 4.75m 1: based on plan 2658-01-004 General Arrangement, February 2020 and data provided by Axis 3 2: based on data contained within Jenbacher JMS624GS-NL gas engine datasheets (<250 mg/m NOx at 5% O2, dry); for the purposes of the assessment the 100% energy balance has been assumed; reference conditions on data sheet are 273K, 101.3 kPa, dry gas and 5% O2; actual characteristics will be dependent on the final engine choice 3: based on plan 2658-Gas Elevations, February 2020, provided by Axis

6.2.3 The pollutant emission rates for each stack have been based on information provided by a technology provider being considered for the Proposed Development. Data sheets are provided in Appendix A. The actual stack characteristics and resulting pollutant emission rates will be dependent on the final engine choice. The relevant emission concentrations and corresponding calculated emission rates based on the example engines are detailed in the following table.

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Table 6.2: Summary Emission Rates Pollutant Emission concentration1 Emission rate2 (mg/m3) (g s-1)

4.5MWe engines 3 NOx < 250 1.22 CO < 1050 5.1

1: Emission levels at Normal Temperature and Pressure, dry gas and 5% O2; provided by technology provider 2: Emission rate calculated by SGP from emission concentration and stack characteristics 3 3 3: An emission concentration of 250 mg/m at 5% O2 and dry gas is equivalent to 95 mg/m at 15% O2, dry.

6.3 General Model Input Parameters

Meteorological Data 6.3.1 The dispersion modelling has been undertaken using 5 years of hourly sequential site-specific NWP data (years 2015-2019) provided by the Met Office; the use of 5 years’ data is recommended by the EA21.

Building Wake Effects 6.3.2 Buildings in the vicinity of a stack are known to affect the dispersion of flue gases. In practice, the significance of building effects depends on their proximity to the stack and their height in relation to height of the stack. In this case the containers have been included within the model and have been modelled as a single building due to their proximity to each other.

Terrain 6.3.3 The presence of hills and valleys can modify the dispersion of emissions and the resulting pollutant concentrations. CERC, the provider of the ADMS modelling software, advise that terrain effects should be considered if the slope of the terrain exceeds 1 in 10. As the area surrounding the site is undulating and rises to the west towards the Ruabon and Esclusham Mountains terrain effects are considered important in this instance and have been included within the model set- up.

Surface Roughness 6.3.4 Surface roughness plays an important part in determining the mechanical turbulence generated in the atmosphere as wind passes and generates turbulence which can modify the dispersion of gases and needs to be considered in the modelling process. The area comprises mixed areas of agricultural fields, woodland and built development. A surface roughness of 1.0m (cities, woodlands) has therefore been used in the model22.

21 Environment Agency (EA) / Department for Environmental, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), www.gov.uk/guidance/environmental-permitting-air-dispersion-modelling-reports, published 1st November 2014 22 CERC, ADMS 5 User Guide, Chapter 3, Table 3.3: The surface roughness values for the different land uses on the meteorology screen, version 5.2, November 2016

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Operational Hours 6.3.1 The planning application is for a 365/24/7 operation. However, the plant will not operate continuously for this period of time and is expected to operate up to a maximum of 2,500 hours per annum. The modelling has initially been run assuming continuous operation of each engine across a 12-month period, equating 8,760 hours per annum. The implications of a shorter operation are discussed in Section 7.

Modelled Domain and Receptors 6.3.2 A variable grid spacing was used within the modelled domain based on a 10m spacing across a 2km x 2km area centred on the site and then a 25m spacing up to a 5km x 5km area centred on the Site.

6.3.3 In addition to the area assessment, individual receptors in the locality have been identified for consideration as shown below in Figures 6.2-6.4 and detailed in Appendix B. These have been selected to represent a range of potentially sensitive locations within 2km of the site and include the closest centres of public occupation and use.

6.3.4 R1-R97 represent receptor locations where members of the public may be exposed to ambient air. All represent locations where long-term and short-term AQALs are relevant (predominantly residential properties).

6.3.5 Receptors E1-E56 represent ecological / nature conservation sites.

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Figure 6.2: Site Location and Modelled Receptors – Human Health (near)

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Figure 6.2: Site Location and Modelled Receptors – Human Health (far)

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Figure 6.3: Site Location and Modelled Receptors – Ecological Sites (near)

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Figure 6.4: Site Location and Modelled Receptors – Ecological Sites (far)

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Summary Model Conditions 6.3.6 The general model conditions are summarised below:

Table 6.4: ADMS Model Input Parameters Variables Model Input

emissions NOx, CO emission profiles average throughout 24 hours; 8,760 hours per annum operation surface roughness at source 1.0m terrain Included, derived from OS Panarama and LIDAR data buildings engine containers included in model set-up as a single building; dimensions 4.8m (height) x 58m (length) x 33m (width); nearby buildings modelled at 12m height (see Figure 6.1) meteorological data 5 years (2015-2019) hourly sequential site-specific NWP data surface roughness at meteorological 1m data location Monin Obukhov length model default grid spacing 10m across 2km x 2km area centred on site; then 25m up to 5km x 5km area centred on site model output modelled pollutant concentrations for different averaging periods within modelled domain and at modelled receptors receptor location x, y coordinates, z = 0m (see Table 6.3 and Figures 6.2-6.4)

6.4 Post-Model Processing

6.4.1 The ADMS model has been used to predict potential Process Contributions (PCs) for NOx and CO from the gas engine stacks within the model domain and at the specified receptors.

Operational Hours 6.4.2 As noted above the model has been run assuming 8,760 hours per annum operation. However, the plant will only operate up to 2,500 hours per annum. EA guidance7 advises the following where sites do not operate all the time:

‘Adjust your figures down, based on the percentage of the year that your site isn’t operating. For example, a site that only operates January to June should reduce its PC figures by 50%. This only applies to annual average calculations and not short-term assessments’.

6.4.3 This approach has therefore been undertaken for the long-term PCs. This approach cannot be taken in relation to the short-term PCs as the emissions may coincide with the particular meteorological conditions that give rise to the higher ground-level concentrations over the short- term averaging period. The short-term assessment has therefore been undertaken in accordance with EA guidance in relation to MCP and generators as discussed further in Section 7.

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Oxides of Nitrogen / Nitrogen Dioxide

6.4.4 A proportion of emissions of NOx are likely to be nitric oxide (NO), for which no air quality objective

or limit exists, rather than NO2. The emitted NO will be converted in part to NO2 at a rate dependent upon several factors including ozone concentrations and solar radiation levels. EA 23 guidance advises that the assessment of NO2 is undertaken using 35% and 70% conversion of

the modelled NOx to NO2 values for short-term and long-term average concentrations respectively. This approach remains conservative as actual conversion rates are expected to be lower than these levels.

23 EA AQMAU FAQs: Conversion Ratios for NOx and NO2, www.environment-agency.gov.uk

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Assessment – Human Health

7.1 Introduction 7.1.1 The maximum predicted Process Contributions (PCs) for each pollutant from the stack emissions within the modelled domain and at each modelled receptor for each year are provided in Appendix D and are summarised below. In accordance with the IAQM guidance the results are assessed against relevant AQALs as detailed in Section 2.

7.1.2 Where the modelling predicts potential PCs within the modelled domain are below the screening thresholds (short term PC ≤10% of relevant AQAL; long term PC <1% of AQAL), the severity of impacts of the PCs can be seen to be negligible and no further assessment is required irrespective of background concentrations.

7.1.3 Where the PCs within the modelled domain are in excess of the screening thresholds further assessment is undertaken considering the predicted PCs at relevant receptors. Where screening thresholds are exceeded at these receptors account is taken of the background concentrations to determine the severity of impacts at affected receptors with reference to IAQM guidance, and where necessary EA guidance.

7.1.4 The Predicted Environmental Concentrations (PECs) for long-term concentrations are calculated as follows:

PEC(long term) = BC (Background Concentration) + PC (Process Contribution)

7.2 Maximum Predicted Ground Level PCs 7.2.1 The maximum predicted ground-level PCs within the modelled domain associated with the proposals, across the 5 years, with respect to human health and the proposed development are summarised below in Table 7.1.

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Table 7.1: Maximum Predicted PCs within the Modelled Domain: Human Health PC % Comment Pollutant Averaging Period AQAL PC Year AQAL Long-term concentrations 1 NO2 annual mean (1 hr) 40 15.03 2017 38 ≥1% AQAL; further assessment Short-term concentrations 2 NO2 1-hour (99.79%ile) 200 216.99 2017 108 >10% AQAL; further assessment CO 8hr running mean (mg/m3) (100%ile) 10 2.81 2015 28 >10% AQAL; further assessment Notes: No further assessment required when maximum predicted process contributions within the modelled domain are less than the screening thresholds (i.e. <1% of AQAL for long-term and ≤10% of AQAL for short-term)

1: assumes 70% conversion modelled NOx to NO2; assumes 2,500 operating hours 2: assumes 35% conversion modelled NOx to NO2; assumes 8,760 hours operating hours All concentrations µg/m3 unless stated otherwise

7.2.2 The maximum short-term and long-term NO2 concentrations and short-term CO concentrations within the modelled domain are above the screening thresholds referred to. These maximums are experienced in close proximity to the plant and not necessarily at sensitive receptors; further assessment has therefore been undertaken of predicted PCs at the modelled receptors.

7.3 Predicted PCs at Relevant Receptors 7.3.1 The maximum predicted ground level concentrations at the most affected relevant receptors, with respect to human health and long-term and short-term AQALs, are summarised below in Tables 7.2 and 7.3.

Table 7.2: Maximum Predicted PCs at a Relevant Receptor: NO2 – Long-term AQALs Averaging PC PC Pollutant period AQAL (µg/m3) Receptor %AQAL2 Comment Residential 1 NO2 annual mean 40 2.44 R20 6 PC ≥1% AQAL; further (1hr) assessment All concentrations µg/m3 unless stated otherwise 1: assumes 70% conversion of modelled NOx to NO2; assumes 2,000 operating hours per annum 2: rounded to nearest whole figure in accordance with IAQM guidance; severity of impacts of PC are negligible when <1% of AQAL

Table 7.3: Maximum Predicted PCs at a Relevant Receptor: Short-term AQALs Averaging PC Pollutant period AQAL PC Receptor %AQAL2 Comment Residential 1 NO2 1-hour (99.79 200 54.30 R20 27 further assessment %ile) CO 8hr (100%ile) 10 0.57 R20 6 ≤10%; no further assessment All concentrations µg/m3 unless stated otherwise 1: assumes 35% conversion of modelled NOx to NO2; assumes operation at 8,760 hours per annum

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2: rounded to nearest whole number in accordance with IAQM guidance

Nitrogen Dioxide - Long-Term Assessment: Defra Background Concentrations

7.3.2 Contour plots for the annual mean NO2 PCs (assuming 70% NOx conversion and 2,500 hours per annum operation) are provided in Appendix D for each of the 5 modelled years. These show the variations in pollutant footprints across the 5 years.

3 7.3.3 The 2.2 µg/m NO2 PC contour, which represents 5% of the AQAL, extends across Cadwgan Hall to the northeast for all modelled years, but not towards any other residential areas. The 0.6 µg/m3 contour, which represents 2% of the AQAL, extends across residential properties to the north / northeast (including Aber-oer, Pandy Cottage and Plas Buckley) and to the south / southeast on Bronwylfa Road and at Esclusham Farm. The 0.6 µg/m3 contour extends close to, but not as far as, the residential areas of Rhostyllen. The 0.2 µg/m3 contour, representing 1% of the AQAL, extends across the wider area of Wrexham to the east. The 0.2 µg/m3 contour does not extend towards the stretch of A483 to the northeast currently subject to air quality mitigation measures.

3 7.3.4 The predicted long-term NO2 PC from the gas engines at relevant receptors peaks at 2.44 µg/m

(assuming 70% NOx conversion and 2,500 operating hours per annum) at Cadwygan Hall (R20). This is above the screening threshold of 1% of the AQAL, at 6%, indicating the need for further assessment through consideration of background concentrations.

7.3.5 The resulting PEC, assuming the background concentration at the receptor R20 is the Defra predicted concentration of 4.63 µg/m3, is 7.07 µg/m3. This is well below the AQAL at 18%. With reference to the IAQM guidance the severity of impacts at this receptor are slight (% change in concentration relative to AQAL is in the 6-10% range and long-term average concentration (PEC) at receptor is <75% of AQAL).

7.3.6 PCs of 6% and above of the AQAL are not predicted at any other modelled receptor. Predicted PCs are also above the screening thresholds in the ranges of 1% and 2-5% of the AQAL at other modelled receptors and further assessment requiring consideration of background concentrations (Defra predicted) is required. The results for all modelled receptors where the PCs are 1% or above are summarised below and provided in details in Appendix F.

Table 7.4: Summary of Long-term NO2 Impacts at Modelled Relevant Receptors: Defra Predicted Background Concentrations 1 3 Receptor PC NO2 PC BC PEC PEC IAQM Impact 2 2 annual mean (1hr) %AQAL %AQAL descriptor Where PCs = 1% AQAL R45 0.59 1 7.87 8.46 21 negligible Where PCs = 2-5% AQAL

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1 3 Receptor PC NO2 PC BC PEC PEC IAQM Impact 2 2 annual mean (1hr) %AQAL %AQAL descriptor R22 1.55 4 4.63 6.18 15 negligible Where PCs = 6-10% AQAL R20 2.44 5 4.63 7.07 18 slight All concentrations µg/m3 unless stated otherwise Details the maximum predicted PC and resulting PEC within each range 1: long-term NO2 = 70% modelled NO2, 2,000 operating hours per annum assumed 2: rounded to nearest whole number in accordance with IAQM guidance 3: BC = Defra predicted background concentration for 2019 for grid square in which receptor located

7.3.7 The maximum predicted PEC at receptors predicted to experienced PCs in the 2-5% range of the AQAL, is 6.18 µg/m3, at R22 representing properties at Aber-oer to the northwest of the site. Tis is well below 75% of the AQAL with resulting negligible impacts.

7.3.8 The maximum predicted PEC at receptors predicted to experienced PCs at 1% of the AQAL, is 8.46 µg/m3, at R45 representing properties along Pentre-Bychan Road to the east / southeast of the site. This is well below 75% of the AQAL with resulting negligible impacts.

Nitrogen Dioxide - Long-Term Assessment: Variable Background Concentrations 7.3.9 The assessment undertaken above assumes the background concentrations at each modelled receptor is as per the Defra predicted background concentration. However, background concentrations may be higher than the predicted concentrations where a receptor is located close

to an existing source of NO2 emissions.

7.3.10 The highest background concentrations of NO2 would be expected at residential properties close to major roads such as the A483 to the east of the site.

7.3.11 With reference to Figure 6.2, the modelled receptors R35-R39 are located in proximity to the

A483 and would be expected to experience higher background NO2 concentrations than the predicted Defra data. All other modelled receptors are set back from the major roads and reference to the Defra background concentrations is considered appropriate.

7.3.12 The predicted PCs at receptors R35-R39 were 1% of the AQAL. The predicted long-term NO2 3 PCs from the gas engines at these receptors peak at 0.56 µg/m (assuming 70% NOx conversion and 2,500 operating hours per annum) at receptor R35, representing residential use at Bryntirion Hall lying about 35m from the A483 and close to the Rhostyllan roundabout.

7.3.13 This stretch of the A483 does not lie within the stretch currently subject to the air pollution mitigation measures and the area has not been declared an AQMA by WCBC. In addition, the A483 is elevated above the roundabout and properties in the area. It is therefore reasonable to

expect annual mean NO2 concentrations at this location to be well below the AQAL. Monitoring is undertaken in the locality at WBC-030. However, there is a discrepancy between the reported

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location of the diffusion tube and actual location and hence uncertainty in the data provided in the 2018 ASR for this monitoring location. It is not therefore considered appropriate for use in calculating the potential concentrations at these receptors. Even if the reported 2018 annual

mean NO2 concentration at WBC-030 is reflective of concentrations in this area, then the resulting total concentration at R35 of 35.46 µg/m3, is less than 94% of the AQAL, with resulting negligible impacts.

Nitrogen Dioxide - Short-Term Assessment: IAQM Guidance 3 7.3.14 The relevant short-term AQAL with respect to NO2 is 200 µg/m , as an hourly concentration, which is not to be exceeded more than 18 times a year. This is initially considered through assessment of the 99.79th percentile of modelled concentrations across a year. Contour plots for

the short-term NO2 PCs (as 99.79%iles; assuming 35% NOx conversion and 8,760 hours per annum operation) are provided in Appendix D for each of the 5 modelled years.

7.3.15 The 40 µg/m3 contour, representing 20% of the AQAL extends across residential properties at Cadwgan Hall to the northeast, Aber-oer to the northwest and on Bronwlyfa Road to the south. The 20 µg/m3 PC contour, representing 10% of the AQAL extends across the residential areas of Talwrn to the southeast, and in 2016 and 2017, towards the areas of Rhostllyn to the southeast.

7.3.16 The predicted short-term NO2 PC, as a 99.79%ile, peaks at relevant residential receptors at 54.30 3 µg/m (assuming 35% of modelled NOx values and 8,760 operating hours per annum) at Cadwgan Hall (R20). At 27% of the AQAL this is above the screening threshold of 10% indicating the need for further assessment. With reference to the IAQM guidance the magnitude is described as medium and the severity of impacts is moderate.

7.3.17 Moderate impacts are also predicted at receptors R1-R13 and R21-R22, representing residential properties to the southeast on Brynwylfa Road and to the northwest at Aber-oer. Slight impacts are predicted at receptors R14-R19 and R24-R28 representing properties at Esclusham Farm, Talwrn and scattered isolated properties to the north.

7.3.18 Several footpaths also lie in the surrounding area. These have not been modelled as discrete receptor points but potential impacts can be determined from the contour plots. The 100 µg/m3 contour, representing 50% of the AQAL, extends across parts of the footpaths to the west. However, any exposure on these paths would be transient, with no particular areas where members of the public would be expected to spend 1 hour or more, and the AQAL does not specifically apply. The potential impacts are therefore considered to be negligible.

Nitrogen Dioxide - Short-Term Assessment: EA Guidance 7.3.19 In light of the predicted potential moderate impacts at some modelled receptors further assessment has been undertaken through reference to EA guidance with regards to

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Environmental Permitting10 and generators24 to compare the resulting total concentrations with the AQAL. This advises that the short-term background concentrations can be taken as twice long-term background concentration.

7.3.20 In accordance with section 7.2 above it is appropriate to refer to the Defra predicted background concentrations for these modelled receptors.

7.3.21 The EA guidance for generator states ‘you must carry out statistical analysis if short term predictions shown that 19 or more hours exceed the environmental standards at a sensitive receptor over the modelled operating envelope’.

7.3.22 The assessment has therefore considered whether the predicted PECs approach, or exceed, the environmental standards for 19 or more hours per annum (i.e. the 99.79th percentile). The guidance does not provide any criteria for assessing significance. The determination of significance has therefore been based on the extent to which the PEC approaches or exceeds the AQAL, and the need for further statistical assessment. Reference has been made by SGP to 75% of the AQAL as indicating whether potentially significant or not, and requiring further assessment, to provide a degree of ‘headroom’. Where the PEC is >75% the AQAL then further statistical analysis is deemed necessary in accordance with EA guidance considering the operating envelope (i.e. 2,500 hours per annum operation).

7.3.23 The resulting PECs are all well below the AQAL. At residential or other locations where members of the public may spend 1 hour or more the PEC peaks at 32% of the AQAL (R20 Cadwgna Hall) as summarised in Table 7.7. Exceedance of the short-term AQAL is not predicted at any receptor and no further assessment is deemed necessary.

Table 7.7: Summary of Short-term NO2 Impacts at Modelled Relevant Receptors 1 2 Receptor PC NO2 PC % BC PEC PEC Descriptor 1hr mean; AQAL %AQAL 99.79%ile Where PCs = 11-20% AQAL R14 36.19 18 9.26 45.45 23 PEC<75% AQAL; insignificant Where PCs = 21-50% AQAL R20 54.30 27 9.26 63.56 32 PEC<75% AQAL; insignificant All concentrations µg/m3 unless stated otherwise Details the maximum predicted PC and resulting PEC within each range According to Table 6.39 of IAQM guidance 1: 35% NOx to NO2 conversion and assumes 8,760 hours per annum operation; maximum PC across 5 modelled years

24 Environment Agency, Guidance on dispersion modelling for oxides of nitrogen assessment from specified generators, version 1, November 2018, interim final

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2: BC = 2 x Defra background for 2019 for grid square in which receptor is located

7.3.24 With reference to the nearby footpaths the PEC peaks at 55% of the AQAL. As noted above any exposure here would be transient and the AQAL does not specifically apply at this location.

7.3.25 The above is conservative as it assumes an 8,760 hours per annum operation, where the facility will operate up to a maximum of 2,500 hours per annum. With reference to the EA guidance further assessment of the implications of the reduced operating hours is not required.

CO - Short-Term Assessment 7.3.26 The predicted short-term CO PCs are below or at 10% of the AQAL at all receptors, peaking at 0.57 mg/m3, 6% of the AQAL, at a residential receptor, Clogwyn Hall (R20). Further assessment is not therefore necessary.

7.3.27 As noted above the nearby footpaths have not been modelled as discrete receptor points. It is noted that the maximum predicted short-term CO PC within the model domain peaks at 2.81 mg/m3, 28% of the AQAL. This is experienced within the Site and sub-station boundary and concentrations would be lower outside the site. Significant impacts at the nearby footpaths, where any exposure would be transient, are not therefore predicted.

7.4 Assumptions and Limitations 7.4.1 The assessment has been based on example engines that may be used for the Proposed Development. Stack exhaust characteristics and pollutant emission rates have been based on data provided by a technology provider being considered for the Proposed Development. Actual characteristics and emission rates will be dependent on the final engine choice and differing engine characteristics would result in differing predicted pollutant concentrations at receptors. On the basis the layout (including number of stacks), maximum combined thermal capacity of the development, container and stack size remain as modelled, these differences are unlikely to significantly affect the assessment but would require consideration.

7.4.2 The assessment has been undertaken using NWP meteorological data for the specific site location. The use of this data is therefore considered robust and appropriate for this location and assessment.

7.4.3 Background data has been taken from Defra provided modelled data for the locality for 2020

(NOx / NO2). It is acknowledged that there is some current uncertainty in future NOx / NO2 concentrations due to a number of factors, such as higher real-world vehicle emission factors and variances in the UK fleet from expectations. However, the data is based on the most recent issued data by Defra, based on 2017 monitoring and meteorological data and issued in 2019, and incorporates the latest vehicle emission factors and fleet composition. The use of the resulting background concentrations is considered robust and appropriate. In addition, further

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assessment has been undertaken where deemed necessary of potential background concentrations at certain receptors close to major roads.

7.5 Summary of Potential Impacts and Assessment of Significance

7.5.1 The modelling predicts the potential impacts due to increases in long-term concentrations of NO2 at the nearest residential receptors to be slight at most. This is predicted at a single receptor, Cadwgan Hall, with potential impacts at all other receptors being negligible. Resulting predicted

total annual mean NO2 concentrations remain below the relevant AQAL at all modelled receptors.

7.5.2 Additional consideration has been made of those receptors located close to sources of NO2, such

as near the A483 and which may therefore experience higher background NO2 concentrations.

Resulting predicted annual mean NO2 concentrations with the development at all these receptors remain well below the AQAL and impacts remain negligible.

7.5.3 Predicted impacts of short-term concentrations of NO2 at the nearest residential receptors are predicted to be moderate at most with reference to the IAQM guidance which considers increases in concentrations in isolation. These impacts are predicted at the closest properties to the north west at Aber-oer, northeast at Cadgwyn Hall and southwest of Bronwylfa Road. Impacts reduce away from the site to slight at receptors at Esclusham Farm, Talwrn and scattered properties to the north.

7.5.4 At receptors where moderate impacts are predicted, reference has also been made to the EA guidance which considers the resulting total short-term concentrations. This assumes the background short-term concentrations are twice the long-term background concentration. The resulting total short-term concentrations are predicted to remain well below the relevant AQAL at all receptors and impacts are insignificant.

7.5.5 Consideration has also been made of the nearby footpaths, although any exposure here would be transient and the AQAL does not specifically apply. The resulting total short-term concentrations are predicted to remain well below the AQAL with resulting insignificant impacts.

7.5.6 Increases in short-term CO concentrations at all modelled residential receptors are predicted to be insignificant.

7.5.7 With reference to Section 3 above the assessment of overall significance take into account a range of factors such as the presence of any AQMAs; whether the proposals would result in the failure to comply with the relevant AQALs ;or result in the possible need to declare a new AQMA. There are no AQMAs in the vicinity of the site and the assessment does not indicate the potential for approaching, or exceeding, the AQALs at any human health receptors. A stretch of the A483 to the northeast has been identified by the Welsh Government as exceeding the EU long-term

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NO2 limit value and is currently subject to speed control measures to mitigate NO2 emissions.

The potential long-term NO2 pollutant impacts do not extend towards this stretch of road.

7.5.8 Taking the above factors into account it is considered the overall effect of the proposed development on local air quality, with regards to human health, is not significant.

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Assessment – Ecological Impacts

8.1 Introduction 8.1.1 The modelled receptor points E1-E56 have been selected to include the identified relevant nature conservation sites within the relevant screening distances of the Site, as detailed below in Table 8.1.

Table 8.1: Individual Nature Conservation Site Modelled Receptor Points Name Designation Modelled Receptor Points International sites within 10km Johnstown Newt Site SAC E18-E19 Berwyn and South Clywd Mountains SAC E1-E17 River Dee & Bala Lake SAC E20-E26 Midland Meres & Mosses Phase 2 RAMSAR E27 National or local sites within 2km SSSIs Johnstown Newt Site SSSI E18-E19 Other National / Local sites2 Legacy Sub-Station (W218) LWS E28-35 Bromwylfa Wood (W219) LWS E36-E40 Crematorium (W222) LWS E41-E44 Nant Mill Grasslands (W507) LWS E45-E47 Big Wood (W217) LWS E45-E56 Nant Mill Bat Sites (W506) LWS Included in above for W217

8.1.2 SGP is not aware of any other plans or projects that require consideration and hence the assessment has been undertaken for the project ‘alone’.

8.2 Critical Levels 8.2.1 A Critical Level assessment has been undertaken to assess the potential impacts of the aerial emissions from the proposed development on the identified ecological sites, in accordance with the methodology as described in Section 4.

8.2.2 The maximum modelled PCs at the ecological receptors are as follows in Table 8.2. Full results are presented in Appendix F.

8.2.3 The long-term (annual mean) concentration for NOx is most relevant for its impacts on vegetation, as the effects, particularly through the nitrogen deposition pathway, are additive over months and

years. This is reflected in the establishment of a long-term NOx limit value under the EU Air

Quality Directive. Atmospheric exposure to very high concentration of NOx for short periods (hours / days) may also have an adverse effect under certain conditions even if the long-term concentrations are below the long-term EU AA limit. No statutory objective is established in the

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3 UK for short-term NOx but reference is frequently made to a value of 75 µg/m as a short-term (24-hour average) critical level as provided by WHO guidelines. However, this is applicable where concentration of ozone or sulphur dioxide are elevated. Such concentrations are typically low in the UK and hence the IAQM advises that, where a regulator does require use of a short- term NOx critical level, it is most appropriate to use 200 µg/m3 (24-hour average)2. Hence, the following assessment has referred to a Critical Level of 200 µg/m3 (24-hour average).

Table 8.2: Maximum Predicted PCs at Relevant Receptors - Ecological: Critical Levels PC pollutant averaging period AQAL PC1 Rec %AQAL Comment long term European sites and SSSIs

1 NOx annual mean (1 hr) 30 0.28 E19 1 PC insignificant (≤1% ES) Local Nature Sites 1 NOx annual mean (1 hr) 30 15.18 E29 51 PC insignificant (≤100% ES) short term European sites and SSSIs 2 NOx daily mean (24 hr) 200 12.12 E19 6 PC insignificant (≤10% ES) Local Nature Sites

2 NOx daily mean (24 hr) 200 381 E29 191 further assessment (>100% ES)

All concentrations µg/m3 unless stated otherwise

1 assumes 100% modelled NOx and 2,500 hours operation

2 assumes 100% modelled NOx and 8,760 hours operation

8.2.4 The extent of the long-term NOx pollutant footprint across the area is shown in the contour plots provided in Appendix F. The 0.6 µg/m3 contour, representing 2% of the AQAL, extends across Big Wood and Nant Mill Grassland LWSs to the northwest and Crematorium LWS to the southeast. The 0.3 µg/m3 contour, representing 1% of the AQAL, extends further across Big Wood LWS and part of the Johnstown Newt Site SAC to the southeast.

8.2.5 The Legacy LWS encompasses the site itself and areas around the sub-station. The 3 µg/m3 contour, representing 10% of the AQAL, extends across parts of this LWS.

European Sites and SSSIs: Long-Term Process Contributions Johnstown Newt Site SAC / SSSI 8.2.6 The long-term assessment assumes up to 2,500 hours per annum operation. Receptor points E18-E19 represent the closest areas of the Johnstown Newt Site SAC / SSSI to the site. The

predicted maximum long-term NOx PC is at the screening threshold of 1% at one modelled receptor point, R19. To provide a conservative assessment however further consideration is made below although the PC is at, rather than above, the screening threshold.

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8.2.7 The long-term NOx pollutant footprint extends across the northern part of the Johnstown Newt Site SAC, representing 1% of the AQAL. Concentrations reduce across the SAC away from the site, with concentrations at modelled point R18 being well below the screening threshold at 0.13 µg/m3, 0.4% of the AQAL.

8.2.8 The APIS provided maximum background annual average NOx concentrations across the Johnstown Newt Site SAC / SSSI for 2020 is 13.98 µg/m3. In accordance with EA guidance the resulting PECs at area of the SAC represented by E19 would be 14.26 µg/m3 as summarised below.

Table 8.3: Predicted Long-Term PCs at Johnstown Newts SAC Modelled Receptor Points - Ecological: Critical Levels PC PEC 1 2 Receptor averaging period AQAL PC %AQAL BC LT NOx PEC %AQAL E19 annual mean (1 hr) 30 0.28 1 13.98 14.26 48 All concentrations µg/m3 unless stated otherwise 1: assumes 100% modelled NOx and 2,500 hours operation 2: Maximum APIS provided background NOx concentration for the designated site

8.2.9 The maximum predicted PEC of 14.26 µg/m3 is well below the screening threshold of 70% of the AQAL, at 48%. No further assessment is deemed necessary in relation to the Johnstown Newt

Site SAC / SSSI and long-term NOx impacts. It is concluded there would be no likely significant

effect with regards to long-term ambient NOx.

Other international nature conservation sites and SSSIs.

8.2.10 The predicted maximum long-term NOx PCs at modelled receptors points within the other assessed international nature conservation sites are all well below the 1% screening threshold, with the maximum being 0.07 µg/m3, 0.2% at E3, a point representing the Berwyn and South Clwyd Mountains SAC.

8.2.11 No further assessment is required in relation to international designated nature conservation sites

and long-term NOx impacts. It is concluded there would be no likely significant effect with

regards to long-term ambient NOx at these sites.

European Sites and SSSIs: Short-term Process Contributions 8.2.12 The short-term assessment assumes up to 8,760 hours per annum operation. The predicted

short-term NOx PCs are all below the screening threshold of 10% at all modelled locations within the identified European sites and SSSIs, the maximum PC being 12.12 µg/m3, representing 6% of the AQAL, at E19, within the Johnstown Newt SSSI. No further assessment is required in relation to international designated nature conservation sites and SSSIs and it is concluded there

will be no likely significant effects due to short-term NOx impacts at these sites.

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Local Nature Sites: Long-Term NOx Process Contributions Legacy Sub-Station LWS

8.2.13 For the local nature sites the maximum predicted long-term NOx PCs are experienced at the

Legacy Sub-station LWS. The predicted maximum long-term NOx PCs at this site peaks at 15.18 µg/m3 (E29), 51% of the AQAL. This is well below the EA screening threshold of 100% of the AQAL and the emissions are therefore considered insignificant. It is concluded there would be

no significant pollution due to long-term ambient NOx at the Legacy Sub-station LWS.

Other local nature conservation sites

8.2.14 The predicted maximum long-term NOx PCs at modelled receptors points within the other assessed local nature conservation sites are all well below the 100% screening threshold, with the maximum being 1.15 µg/m3, 4% at E46, representing Nant Mill Grasslands LWS.

8.2.15 No further assessment is required in relation to local designated nature conservation sites and it

is concluded there would be no significant pollution due to long-term ambient NOx at the other LWSs.

Local Sites: Short-term Process Contributions Legacy Sub-Station LWS 8.2.16 As above the short-term assessment assumes up to 8,760 hours per annum operation. The

predicted short-term NOx PCs are above the screening threshold of 100% at the Legacy Sub- station LWS, peaking at 381 µg/m3, 191% of the AQAL.

Table 8.6: Predicted Short-Term PCs at Legacy Sub-Station LWS Receptor Points - Ecological: Critical Levels PC PEC 1 2 Receptor averaging period AQAL PC %AQAL BC ST NOx PEC %AQAL E28 daily mean (24 hrs) 200 269.81 135 9.3 279.1 140 E29 daily mean (24 hrs) 200 381.15 191 9.3 390.5 195 E30 daily mean (24 hrs) 200 261.74 131 9.3 271.1 136 E31 daily mean (24 hrs) 200 208.31 104 9.3 217.6 109 E32 daily mean (24 hrs) 200 153.84 77 PC<100% AQAL; no further assessment E33 daily mean (24 hrs) 200 140.30 70 PC<100% AQAL; no further assessment E34 daily mean (24 hrs) 200 108.16 54 PC<100% AQAL; no further assessment E35 daily mean (24 hrs) 200 107.15 54 PC<100% AQAL; no further assessment All concentrations µg/m3 unless stated otherwise 1: assumes 100% modelled NOx and 8,760 hours operation 2: BC ST = (BC LT x2) x 0.59 as detailed in EA guidance for 24-hour mean; based on maximum APIS concentration across the grid square for the area

8.2.17 The predicted PCs exceed the screening threshold at E28-E31. It is therefore concluded that the

proposals could result in significant pollution due to short-term ambient NOx at these areas of

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the Legacy Sub-Station LWS. At E32-E35 the predicted PCs are below the threshold. The extent of the exceedances for model year 2019 are shown below in Figure 8.1.

Figure 8.1: Short-term NOx Process Contributions: 2019 Met Data

Contour represents 200 µg/m3 as maximum 24-hour mean

Other local sites

8.2.18 The predicted maximum short-term NOx PCs at modelled receptors points within the other assessed local nature conservation sites are all below the 100% screening threshold, with the maximum being 50.7 µg/m3, 68% at E47, representing Nant Mill Grasslands LWS.

8.2.19 No further assessment is required in relation to the other local designated nature conservation

sites and it is concluded there would be no significant pollution due to short-term ambient NOx at these other LWSs.

8.3 Critical Loads 8.3.1 A Critical Loads assessment considering potential nitrogen and acid deposition has also been undertaken for the identified nature conservation sites.

8.3.2 The annual dry deposition fluxes of NO2 at the nature conservation sites have been calculated

using the ADMS modelled ambient NOx concentrations and deposition velocities and conversion factors as provided by the EA. The modelled ecological receptors include a variety of grassland, woodland, moorland and waterbody habitats; the EA recommended deposition velocities and

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conversion factors are provided in Table 8.4. Details on the relevant ones for each nature conservation sites assessment are provided in Appendix B.

Table 8.7: EA Recommended Pollutant Dry Deposition Velocities and Conversion Factors Pollutant Recommended deposition velocity (m/s)

NO2 Grassland (also applied to water bodies) 0.0015 Forest 0.003 Conversion factors Nitrification (µg/m2/s to kg N/ha/yr) 95.9 Acidifcation (µg/m2/s to keq/ha/yr) 6.84

8.3.3 It should be noted that the modelling of deposition of gaseous pollutants is subject to some uncertainty with respect to the physical processes involved and to the resulting effects on the habitats. In particular, deposition rates are directly proportional to deposition velocity in the modelling.

8.3.4 The resulting deposition fluxes were compared to relevant Critical Loads specified on the Air Pollution Information System (APIS) website25 for the identified sites.

European Sites and SSSIs: Nitrogen Deposition 8.3.5 A range of habitat features for nutrient nitrogen deposition are provided by APIS for the identified nature conversation sites. The assessment has therefore referred to the most sensitive habitats and Critical Load classes deemed relevant to the site to provide a conservative assessment of potential impacts of emissions as summarised in Table 8.8. Full details are provided in Appendix F.

Table 8.8: European Sites and SSSI – Nitrogen Deposition Critical Loads Critical Load Range Site Status Feature Habitat (kg N/ha/y) Johnstown Newt SAC / Standing open water and Not provided; Great Crested Newt Site SSSI canal site specific Berwyn and South SAC Blanket bogs Raised and blanket bogs 5-10 Clwyd Mountains Water courses of plain to montane levels with No comparable habitat River Dee and Bala SAC Ranuculion fluitantis and with established critical None Lake Calltricho-Batrachoin load estimate available vegetation Standing open water and Floating water plantain 3-10 canals – permanent

25 http://www.apis.ac.uk/

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Critical Load Range Site Status Feature Habitat (kg N/ha/y) oligotrophic waters / softwater lakes Midland Meres & RAMSAR None provided Mosses Phase 2 1: most sensitive habitat feature and Critical Load range noted for the site, where feature is sensitive to nutrient nitrogen impacts on broad habitat; feature may not be present within area of impacts; 2: Critical Loads are dependent on aspects of habitat including the nature of the surface and the sensitivity of the habitat to changing deposition rates.

8.3.6 It should be noted that the identified sensitive habitats may not be present within the area of interest and the assessment at this stage is therefore conservative.

Johnstone Newt Site SAC / SSSI and Midland Meres and Mosses Phase 2 RAMSAR 8.3.7 APIS does not provide any nitrification Critical Loads for the listed site interest features for the Johnstown Newt Site SAC and Midland Meres and Mosses Phase 2 RAMSAR. No further assessment has therefore been undertaken.

Berwyn and South Clwyd Mountains SAC and River Dee and Bala Lake SAC

8.3.8 The resulting modelled maximum nitrogen dry deposition due to NO2 at the modelled receptors within the identified international nature conservation sites are presented below:

Table 8.9: Maximum total N deposition and assessment at modelled receptors within international identified nature conservation sites 1 3 3 3 receptor NO2-N % PCs of CL BC PEC % PEC of CL % of % of % of % of lowest highest lowest highest dry as N2 CL CL CL CL µg/m2/s kg/ha/y Berwyn and South Clwyd Mountain SAC E3 7.11E-05 6.82E-03 0.14 0.07 PC ≤1% of AQAL; PC insignificant River Dee and Bala Lake SAC E25 9.30E--05 8.92E-03 0.30 0.09 PC ≤1% of AQAL; PC insignificant

1: NO2 deposition velocity referred to as provided in AQTAG06 2014; assumes 70% modelled NOx to NO2 conversion in accordance with EA guidance; 2,500 hours per annum operation 2: calculated based on conversion factor of 95.9 as provided in AQTAG06 2014 3: calculated using maximum background deposition provided by APIS

8.3.9 The maximum modelled PCs in the closest parts of the Berwyn and South Clwyd Mountians SAC and River Dee and Bala Lake SAC, assuming 2,500 hours per annum operation, are each well below the screening threshold of 1% of the AQAL. They are considered insignificant, irrespective

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of background concentrations. No further assessment is required and it is concluded there would be no likely significant effect with regards to nitrogen deposition at these sites.

European Sites and SSSIs: Acid Deposition 8.3.10 As for nitrogen deposition, a wide range of acid deposition Critical Load information is provided by APIS for the nature conservation sites. The assessment has therefore been undertaken for the relevant acid deposition Critical Loads for the most sensitive habitats:

Table 8.10: European Sites and SSSI – Acid Deposition Critical Loads Site Status Feature1 Habitat2 Critical Loads (kg/N/ha/y)2 Johnstown Newt Sites SAC / Great Crested Newt Standing open water None provided; SSSI and canals site specific Berwyn and South Clwyd SAC Clacarous and calshist Montane MinCLmin: 0.178 Mountains screes of the montane to MinCLMaxS: 0.23 high levels MinCLmaxN:0.551 River Dee and Bala Lake SAC Water courses of plain to montane levels with None provided Ranuculion fluitantis and Freshwater Calltricho-Batrachoin vegetation Midland Meres & Mosses RAMSAR n/a Phase 2 1: most sensitive habitat feature and Critical Load range noted for the site, where feature is sensitive to nutrient nitrogen impacts on broad habitat; feature may not be present within area of impacts. 2: Critical Loads are dependent on aspects of habitat including the nature of the surface and sensitivity of the habitat to changing deposition rates; information presented for minimum Critical Loads

Johnstone Newt Site SAC / SSSI, River Dee and Bala Lake SAC and Midland Meres and Mosses Phase 2 RAMSAR 8.3.11 APIS does not provide any acid deposition Critical Loads for the listed site interest features for the Johnstown Newt Site SAC, River Dee and Bala Lake SAC and Midland Meres and Mosses Phase 2 RAMSAR. No further assessment has therefore been undertaken.

Berwyn and South Clwyd Mountains SAC 8.3.12 The resulting modelled maximum acid deposition due to nitrogen at the modelled receptor points within the Berwyn and South Clwyd Mountains SAC are as follows:

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Table 8.11: Berwyn and South Clwyd Mountains SAC: Maximum Calculated total N acid deposition PC1 BC2 total N3 total S N (max) S (max) keq/ha/y

E3 4.86E-04 n/a 1.8E+00 1.0E+00 1: Calculated using conversions provided in EA guidance AQTAG06 2: Background data provided on APIS for the site of interest; required in use of Critical Load Function Tool 3: assumes 70% modelled values

8.3.13 The Critical Load Function Tool on the APIS website has been used to calculate the exceedances and deposition as a proportion of the Critical Load for acid deposition.

Table 8.12: Results and Exceedances – Acid Deposition PC PEC % of lower CL function % of Lower Critical Load function

E3 0 PC≤1% AQAL; PC insignificant; Notes: calculated using the APIS Critical Load Function Tool

8.3.14 All combined PCs modelled in the closest parts of the nature conservation sites are ≤1% of the most sensitive Critical Load rages and are insignificant irrespective of background concentrations. No further assessment is required and it is concluded be no likely significant effect with regards to acid deposition at this site.

Local Sites: Nitrogen Deposition 8.3.15 Site-specific Critical Load information is not provided on APIS for local designated sites. The site citation sheets provided by Avian Ecology have therefore been reviewed to identify the key habitats that may be present at each site and APIS used to determine appropriate Critical Loads for those habitats.

8.3.16 The most sensitive habitats and Critical Load classes deemed potentially relevant to each local site are summarised in Table 8.13. Full details are provided in Appendix F.

Table 8.13: Local Sites – Nitrogen Deposition Critical Loads Critical Load Range (kg Site Status Habitat1 N/ha/y)2 Dense/continuous scrub, semi-improved neutral Legacy Sub-station (W218) LWS 10-20 grassland, semi-natural broad-leaved woodland LWS Coniferous plantation, semi-natural broad-leaved Bronwylfa Woood (W219) 5-15 woodland

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Critical Load Range (kg Site Status Habitat1 N/ha/y)2 LWS Missed parkland/scattered trees, semi-improved Crematorium (W222) neutral grassland, semi-natural broad-leaved 10-20 woodland Nant Mill Grasslands (W507) LWS Grassland 10-20 LWS Broad-leaved plantation, coniferous plantation, Big Wood (W217) 10-20 semi-natural broad-leaved woodland Nant Mill Bat Sites (W506) LWS None provided 1: Extracted from site citation data 2: Critical Loads provided on APIS for broad habitat; not site-specific

8.3.17 It should be noted that the identified sensitive habitats may not be present within the area of interest and the assessment at this stage is therefore conservative.

8.3.18 The resulting modelled maximum nitrogen dry deposition due to NO2 at the modelled receptors within the identified local nature conservation sites are presented below:

Table 8.14: Maximum total N deposition and assessment at modelled receptors within identified local nature conservation sites 1 3 3 3 receptor NO2-N % PCs of CL BC PEC % PEC of CL % of % of % of % of lowest highest lowest highest dry as N2 CL CL CL CL µg/m2/s kg/ha/y Legacy Sub-station E29 2.28E-02 2.18E-00 22 11 PC ≤100% of AQAL; PC insignificant Bronwylfa Wood E36 1.40E-03 1.34E-01 3 1 PC ≤100% of AQAL; PC insignificant Crematorium E43 1.51E-03 1.44E-01 1 1 PC ≤100% of AQAL; PC insignificant Nant Mill Grasslands E46 1.73E-03 1.66E-01 2 1 PC ≤100% of AQAL; PC insignificant Big Wood E54 2.78E-03 2.66E-01 3 1 PC ≤100% of AQAL; PC insignificant

1: NO2 deposition velocity referred to as provided in AQTAG06 2014; assumes 70% modelled NOx to NO2 conversion in accordance with EA guidance; 2,500 hours per annum operation 2: calculated based on conversion factor of 95.9 as provided in AQTAG06 2014 3: calculated using maximum background deposition for location provided by APIS

8.3.19 The maximum modelled PCs in the closest part of all the local sites, including Legacy Sub-station, assuming 2,500 hours per annum operation, are all well below the screening threshold of 100% of the AQAL. They are considered insignificant, irrespective of background concentrations. No

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further assessment is required and it can be concluded there will be no likely significant effect with regards to nitrogen deposition at these sites.

Local Sites: Acid Deposition 8.3.20 As for nitrogen deposition, the potential relevant Critical Loads have been derived through reference to the cited habitat features and data on APIS.

Table 8.15: European Sites and SSSI – Acid Deposition Critical Loads Critical Load Range (keq Site Status Habitat1 N/ha/y)2 Dense/continuous scrub, semi-improved neutral Legacy Sub-station (W218) LWS None provided grassland, semi-natural broad-leaved woodland LWS Coniferous plantation, semi-natural broad-leaved None provided Bronwylfa Woood (W219) woodland LWS Missed parkland/scattered trees, semi-improved None provided Crematorium (W222) neutral grassland, semi-natural broad-leaved woodland Nant Mill Grasslands (W507) LWS Grassland None provided LWS Broad-leaved plantation, coniferous plantation, None provided Big Wood (W217) semi-natural broad-leaved woodland Nant Mill Bat Sites (W506) LWS None provided 1: Extracted from site citation data 2: Critical Loads provided on APIS for broad habitat; not site-specific

8.3.21 APIS does not provide any acid deposition Critical Loads for any of the habitats cited at the local sites. No further assessment of potential impacts due to acid deposition has therefore been undertaken.

8.4 Summary 8.4.1 The assessment has included a Critical Level and Critical Load assessment for the nature conservation sites identified within the relevant search radii. The results are summarised below and in Table 8.16.

8.4.2 Johnstown Newt Site SAC / SSSI: Predicted long-term (annual mean) NOx concentrations at

the closest part of the SAC are at the screening criteria. The resulting total annual mean NOx concentrations peak at 48% of the AQAL. This is experienced at the closest part of the SAC to the site with concentrations reducing away from the site. As the PEC remains below the AQAL it is concluded there would be no likely significant effect from the development.

8.4.3 The predicted short-term NOx concentration (daily mean) peaks at 16% at the SAC, with he resulting PEC being well below 70% of the AQAL, at 38%. This again is experienced at the

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closest part of the SAC to the site with concentrations reducing away from the site; it is concluded there would be no likely significant effect from the development.

8.4.4 No Critical Loads are provided by APIS for nitrogen and acid deposition for the SAC and no further assessment has been undertaken.

8.4.5 Berwyn and South Clwyd Mountains SAC: Predicted long-term (annual mean) and short-term

(daily mean) NOx concentrations, and nitrogen and acid deposition fluxes, at the closest parts of the SAC are below the screening criteria and are insignificant. It is concluded there would be no likely significant effect from the development.

8.4.6 River Dee and Bala Lake SAC: Predicted long-term (annual mean) and short-term (daily mean)

NOx concentrations, and nitrogen deposition fluxes, at the closest parts of the SAC are below the screening criteria and are insignificant. It is concluded there would be no likely significant effect from the development.

8.4.7 No Critical Loads are provided by APIS for acid deposition for the SAC and no further assessment has been undertaken.

8.4.8 Midland Meres and Mosses Phase 2 RAMSAR: Predicted long-term (annual mean) and short-

term (daily mean) NOx concentrations at the closest parts of the SAC are below the screening criteria and are insignificant. It is concluded there would be no likely significant effect from the development.

8.4.9 No Critical Loads are provided by APIS for nitrogen and acid deposition for the SAC and no further assessment has been undertaken.

8.4.10 Legacy Sub-Station LWS: Predicted long-term (annual mean) NOx concentrations and nitrogen deposition fluxes within the LWS are below the screening criteria and are insignificant. It is concluded there would be no significant pollution from the development.

8.4.11 Predicted short-term (daily mean) concentrations of NOx are above the screening criteria across parts of the LWS to the north and east. It is concluded there is potential significant pollution due

to short-term NOx concentrations from the development. The assessment is undertaken with

reference to a non-statutory AQAL in relation to potential short-term NOx impacts. In addition, the above assessment assumes a 8,760 hours per annum operation and refers to the maximum daily mean predicted across each modelled year. As the operation would only be for up to 2,500 hours per annum, with the actual operations unlikely to be over a full 24 hour period in any one day, then the maximum daily mean would be expected to be less than that modelled. Furthermore, the long-term effects on vegetation are thought to be more significant than short-

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term. Exceedance of the screening threshold does not therefore infer that significant pollution would occur. This would require further ecological assessment.

8.4.12 No Critical Loads are provided by APIS for acid deposition for the SAC and no further assessment has been undertaken.

8.4.13 Other Local Wildlife Sites: Predicted long-term (annual mean) and short-term (daily mean) NOx concentrations and nitrogen deposition fluxes at the closest parts of the other LWSs are below the screening criteria and are insignificant. It is concluded there would be no significant pollution from the development.

8.4.14 No Critical Loads are provided by APIS for acid deposition for the habitats identified at the other LWSs and no further assessment has been undertaken.

Table 8.16: Summary of Potential Impacts on Nature Conservation Sites Site Designation Potential Impacts1 Comment2 3 Long-Term Ambient NOx Johnstown Newt Site SAC / SSSI max PC = 1% AQAL: max PEC well no likely significant effect below 70% AQAL Berwyn and South Clwyd SAC max PC<1% AQAL; insignificant no likely significant effect Mountains River Dee and Bala Lake SAC max PC<1% AQAL; insignificant no likely significant effect Midland Meres & Mosses RAMSAR max PC<1% AQAL; insignificant no likely significant effect Phase 2 Legacy Sub-station LWS max PC<100% AQAL; insignificant no significant pollution Bronwylfa Wood LWS max PC<100% AQAL; insignificant no significant pollution Crematorium LWS max PC<100% AQAL; insignificant no significant pollution Nant Mill Grasslands LWS max PC<100% AQAL; insignificant no significant pollution Big Wood LWS max PC<100% AQAL; insignificant no significant pollution

4 Short-Term Ambient NOx Johnstown Newt Site SAC / SSSI max PC = 16% AQAL; max PEC no likely significant effect well below 70% AQAL Berwyn and South Clwyd SAC max PC = 13% AQAL; max PEC no likely significant effect Mountains well below 70% AQAL River Dee and Bala Lake SAC max PC<10% AQAL; insignificant no likely significant effect Midland Meres & Mosses RAMSAR max PC<10% AQAL; insignificant no likely significant effect Phase 2 Legacy Sub-station LWS max PC>100% AQAL potential significant pollution Bronwylfa Wood LWS max PC<100% AQAL no significant pollution Crematorium LWS max PC<100% AQAL no significant pollution Nant Mill Grasslands LWS max PC<100% AQAL no significant pollution Big Wood LWS max PC<100% AQAL no significant pollution

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Site Designation Potential Impacts1 Comment2 Nitrogen Deposition5 Johnstown Newt Site SAC / SSSI no Critical Loads available Berwyn and South Clwyd SAC max PC<1% AQAL; insignificant no likely significant effect Mountains River Dee and Bala Lake SAC max PC<1% AQAL; insignificant no likely significant effect Midland Meres & Mosses RAMSAR no Critical Loads available Phase 2 Legacy Sub-station LWS max PC<100% AQAL no significant pollution Bronwylfa Wood LWS max PC<100% AQAL no significant pollution Crematorium LWS max PC<100% AQAL no significant pollution Nant Mill Grasslands LWS max PC<100% AQAL no significant pollution Big Wood LWS max PC<100% AQAL no significant pollution Acid Deposition5 Johnstown Newt Site SAC / SSSI no Critical Loads available Berwyn and South Clwyd SAC max PC<1% QAL; insignificant no likely significant effect Mountains River Dee and Bala Lake SAC / SSSI no Critical Loads available Midland Meres & Mosses SAC no Critical Loads available Phase 2 Legacy Sub-station LWS no Critical Loads available Bronwylfa Wood LWS no Critical Loads available Crematorium LWS no Critical Loads available Nant Mill Grasslands LWS no Critical Loads available Big Wood LWS no Critical Loads available 1: Assessment considers proposed development ‘alone’ 2: Description as provided in EA guidance for European sites, SSSIs and local nature sites

3: Assumes 2500 hours per annum operation, 100% modelled NOx

4: Assumes 8760 hours per annum operation; 100% modelled NOx

5: Assumes 2500 hours per annum operation; 70% modelled NOx deposited

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Conclusions

9.1 Proposals are for the installation of up to eleven gas engines to provide power to the National Grid. Each gas engine is to be located within a container each served by a 12m stack. Primary

aerial emissions will be NOx / NO2 and CO. The proposed development site lies within the curtilage of the existing National Grid sub-station at Legacy to the west of Wrexham.

9.2 The immediate surrounding area is of primarily rural with scattered nearby residential development. The nearest existing residential properties are located 380m to the south- southwest, with other properties located within 500m to the northeast and southeast.

9.3 A Local Wildlife Site, Legacy Sub-station, is located on the Site and within the wider area of the sub-station itself. Several other Local Wildlife Sites are located within 2km of the Site. The closest international nature conservation sites are the Berwyn and South Clwyd Mountains SAC 2.5km to the west and Johnstown Newt Site SAC 1.9km to the southeast.

9.4 The air quality assessment has assessed potential impacts of aerial emissions from the stacks associated with the proposed development on local human and ecological receptors.

9.5 The facility will be operated in accordance with an Environmental Permit issued by Natural Resources Wales. This permit will include controls on permitted emission limits from the gas engine stacks. Stack characteristics, emission concentrations and emissions rates for the plant have been based on data provided by a technology provider being considered for the proposed development and are based on a potential gas engine that may be employed at the site. The 3 assessment has been based on a NOx emission concentration of 250 mg/m (at 5% O2) as required under Environmental Permitting requirements.

9.6 For the purposes of the assessment the model has initially been run for full-time 8,760 hours per annum operation. The subsequent long-term assessment has considered a reduced operation of up to 2,500 hours per annum. The resulting process contributions and total pollutant concentrations have been compared to relevant long-term and short-term Air Quality Assessment Levels (AQALS) in accordance with appropriate guidance.

9.7 Greatest impacts are predicted at those residential receptors closest to the site to the northeast, southwest and southeast. Background pollutant concentrations at these locations are expected to be well below the AQALs, and the assessment does not predict the proposed development to

result in total long-term NO2 concentrations here to approach, or exceed, the relevant AQALs. Predicted impacts are predicted to be slight at most; this is experienced at a single receptor with all other impacts being predicted to be negligible.

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9.8 Predicted short-term total concentrations at the nearest residential receptors are predicted to remain well below the AQAL.

9.9 The assessment has also included consideration of the nearby footpaths although any public exposure here would be transient and the AQALs do not specifically apply. All predicted total concentrations remain well below the AQALs.

9.10 The assessment of ecological impacts has comprised a Critical level and Critical Load assessment, where relevant Critical Load information is available. It is concluded that the Proposed Development would not result in likely significant effects at any of the international designated sites.

9.11 Predicted long-term ambient NOx, nitrogen deposition and acid deposition PCs at the Legacy

Sub-station LWS are all below the relevant screening thresholds. The short-term ambient NOx PCs and PECs are above the screening thresholds at parts of the LWS nearest to the site and as such the Proposed Development could result in significant pollution at the LWS. As the operation would only be for up to 2,500 hours per annum, with the actual operations unlikely to be over a full 24 hour period in any one day, then the maximum daily mean would be expected

to be less than that modelled. Furthermore, the long-term effects on vegetation of ambient NOx are thought to be more significant than short-term. Exceedance of the screening threshold does not therefore infer that significant pollution would occur. This would require further assessment by an ecologist.

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APPENDIX A

Proposed Development Plans

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Q:\2651-2700\2658-01 Wrexham\Dwgs\CAD\2658-01-004&005 General Arrangement.dwg

This drawing is the copyright of AXIS P.E.D Limited and may not be loaned, copied or reproduced in any way -or used for any offer, quote, tender or construction purposes without written consent of the company to do so

Follow any figured dimensions - do not scale. IF IN DOUBT ASK.

 Revision History  Date

CCTV

Gas Kiosk

CCTV

Exhaust Application Boundary Stack Lubrication Tanks Office & Welfare 2.4m Security Fencing

Hardstanding

Stone Surfacing

Radiators

CCTV

2.4m Weldmesh Fence

CCTV

33kV Transformer CCTV DNO Building 11kV Transformers

Chester Office: South Manchester Office: Well House Barns Camellia House Bretton 76 Water Lane Chester Wilmslow axis

client: HARBOUR ENERGY

project: LEGACY

drawing title: Pond GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

date: February 2020 drawn by: checked: Office & Welfare drawing number: SM PR status: 2658-01-004 --

scale(s): 1:500@A3 rev:

N p l a n n i n g e n v i r o n m e n t d e s i g n 0 10 20 30 40 50m

© Crown copyright and database rights 2019 Ordnance Survey 0100031673 Q:\2651-2700\2658-01 Wrexham\Dwgs\CAD\2658-01-004&005 General Arrangement.dwg

This drawing is the copyright of AXIS P.E.D Limited and may not be loaned, copied or reproduced in any way -or used for any offer, quote, tender or construction purposes without written consent of the company to do so

Follow any figured dimensions - do not scale. IF IN DOUBT ASK.

 Revision History  Date

Application Boundary

2.4m Security Fencing

Ford Hardstanding

Stone Surfacing

Pond

Path (um)

Chester Office: South Manchester Office: Well House Barns Camellia House Bretton 76 Water Lane Chester Wilmslow CH4 0DH SK9 5BB axis

client: El Sub Sta HARBOUR ENERGY

project: LEGACY

drawing title:

GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

date: February 2020 drawn by: checked: drawing number: SM PR status: 2658-01-005 --

scale(s): 1:1250@A3 rev:

N p l a n n i n g e n v i r o n m e n t d e s i g n 0 25 50 75 100 125m

© Crown copyright and database rights 2019 Ordnance Survey 0100031673 Q:\2651-2700\2658-01 Wrexham\Dwgs\CAD\2658-01-006 Gas Engine Elevations.dwg

2200 950

2151 NORTHERN ELEVATION SOUTHERN ELEVATION EASTERN ELEVATION

2260

0 4750 3199

7400 5 10 15 20m Follow any figured dimensions - do not scale. IF IN DOUBT ASK. loaned, copied or reproduced in any way -or used for offer, quote, tender or construction purposes without written consent of the company to do so This drawing is the copyright of AXIS P.E.D Limited and may not be 

project: drawing title: client: drawing number: date: scale(s): Revision History p l a n i g Well House Barns Chester Office: 2658-01-006 February 2020 CH4 0DH Chester Bretton 1:200@A3 GAS ENGINE ELEVATIONS HARBOUR ENERGY

e n v i r o m t South Manchester Office: Camellia House 76 Water Lane LEGACY Wilmslow SK9 5BB drawn by: -- rev: status: axis MPR SM

d e s i g n 

Date checked: Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

APPENDIX B

Background Air Quality Data and Modelled Receptor Information

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Annual Mean Concentrations Grid Square (µg/m3) 1 1 1,2 X (m) Y (m) NO2 NOx CO 328500 349500 4.14 5.26 99.23 329500 349500 4.55 5.80 105.43 330500 349500 7.67 10.01 111.19 328500 348500 4.15 5.27 105.43 329500 348500 4.63 5.91 111.19 330500 348500 7.87 10.30 115.62 328500 347500 4.20 5.34 106.76 329500 347500 4.79 6.12 111.64 330500 347500 6.92 9.03 113.41 1: Data downloaded from Defra LAQM site on 29 th February 2020; data provided on Defra website 7 th May 2019 2: Data adjusted from 2001 data using Defra adjustment factor

Smith Grant LLP R2746C‐App B Environmental Consultancy April 2020 R2746C Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy, Wrexham Modelled Receptor Locations

Ref X (m) Y (m) Location Human Health Receptors R1 329135.2 348272.5 immediate R2 329195.4 348258.5 immediate R3 329219.4 348248.6 immediate R4 329231.3 348243.8 immediate R5 329238.6 348242.1 immediate R6 329252.5 348236.0 immediate R7 329229.9 348270.4 immediate R8 329264.1 348231.3 immediate R9 329283.1 348220.5 immediate R10 329309.5 348212.5 immediate R11 329583.3 348234.9 immediate R12 329587.0 348223.2 immediate R13 329604.5 348206.6 immediate R14 329558.5 348108.4 immediate R15 329601.3 348096.2 immediate R16 329588.9 348067.7 immediate R17 329617.4 348058.7 immediate R18 329491.4 348072.1 immediate R19 329488.0 348047.9 immediate R20 329879.9 348714.7 immediate R21 329103.7 348974.1 immediate R22 329110.9 348953.4 immediate R23 329540.7 348004.0 immediate R24 329492.8 348020.1 immediate R25 329505.5 349377.3 PandyCottageN R26 329178.4 349460.8 PlasBuckleyN R27 329619.2 349971.0 N R28 329875.6 349990.2 N R29 330626.3 349233.9 BershamNE R30 330650.6 349212.5 BershamNE R31 330663.9 349193.2 BershamNE R32 330711.7 349104.4 BershamNE R33 330782.1 349163.5 BershamNE R34 330815.4 348984.7 BershamE R35 330845.9 348945.5 BershamE R36 330898.2 348241.7 Croesfoel_FarmE R37 330847.1 348215.6 Croesfoel_FarmE R38 330876.6 348188.7 Croesfoel_FarmE R39 330862.1 348157.2 Croesfoel_FarmE R40 330678.0 347903.8 PentreBychanSE R41 330644.4 347846.8 PentreBychanSE R42 330589.2 347797.3 PentreBychanSE R43 330141.3 347813.8 PentreBychanSE R44 330130.4 347798.2 PentreBychanSE R45 330263.9 348068.9 PentreBychanSE R46 330127.9 347708.8 PentreBychanSE

Smith Grant LLP R2746C‐App B Environmental Consultancy April 2020 R2746C Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy, Wrexham Modelled Receptor Locations

Ref X (m) Y (m) Location R47 330201.8 347671.8 PentreBychanSE R48 330169.7 347716.4 PentreBychanSE R49 330222.6 347688.7 PentreBychanSE R50 330248.4 347634.2 PentreBychanSE R51 330278.2 347642.5 PentreBychanSE R52 330292.8 347604.1 PentreBychanSE R53 330319.9 347614.4 PentreBychanSE R54 330314.2 347510.4 PentreBychanSE R55 330304.2 347470.7 PentreBychanSE R56 330270.7 347439.2 PentreBychanSE R57 330253.8 347392.8 PentreBychanSE R58 330242.8 347353.1 PentreBychanSE R59 330229.8 347280.4 PentreBychanSE R60 330228.0 347179.8 PentreBychanSE R61 330197.9 347106.5 PentreBychanSE R62 329520.8 347991.7 TalwrnS R63 329523.9 347970.3 TalwrnS R64 329524.6 347947.3 TalwrnS R65 329511.5 347924.9 TalwrnS R66 329535.8 347888.7 TalwrnS R67 329382.7 347883.0 TalwrnS R68 329333.2 347726.5 TalwrnS R69 329283.1 347725.1 TalwrnS R70 329265.2 347695.7 TalwrnS R71 329218.8 347681.0 TalwrnS R72 329224.3 347627.2 TalwrnS R73 329136.9 347740.4 TalwrnS R74 329066.3 347761.2 TalwrnS R75 329042.4 347773.0 TalwrnS R76 329030.7 347039.7 YsgolMaesYMynyddS R77 329122.1 347061.4 TalwrnS R78 329140.5 347038.5 TalwrnS R79 329186.6 347039.6 TalwrnS R80 329489.4 347097.3 TalwrnS R81 329678.6 347136.1 TalwrnS R82 329793.8 347257.7 TalwrnS R83 328796.4 347736.7 W R84 328614.6 347851.8 W R85 328676.8 347699.2 W R86 328401.6 347681.7 W R87 328304.8 348288.9 NW R88 328356.3 348219.8 NW R89 328448.6 348278.7 NW R90 328928.8 348288.0 NW R91 328785.5 348564.0 NW R92 328697.5 348844.6 NW R93 328720.5 348925.0 NW

Smith Grant LLP R2746C‐App B Environmental Consultancy April 2020 R2746C Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy, Wrexham Modelled Receptor Locations

Ref X (m) Y (m) Location R94 328371.6 348974.9 NW R95 328524.8 349134.4 NW R96 329258.3 347011.0 YsgolyGrango R97 331379.1 348669.7 Ysgol Rhostyllen Ecological Receptors E1 327107.2 350697.5 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E2 327178.6 350386.1 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E3 327224.0 349828.0 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E4 327133.2 349607.4 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E5 327035.8 349347.9 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E6 326935.1 349100.7 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E7 326739.2 347916.9 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E8 326312.0 346946.8 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E9 326205.2 346394.0 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E10 325886.0 350757.8 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E11 325812.9 349734.0 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E12 325739.8 348490.9 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E13 325703.2 346699.4 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E14 324898.9 350721.2 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E15 324862.3 349514.7 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E16 324789.2 348015.6 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E17 324789.2 346041.3 RUABON/LLANTYSILIO MOUNTAINS AND MINERA E18 329857.6 346241.1 JohnstownNewtSites E19 330991.9 347045.4 JohnstownNewtSites E20 324430.0 341691.8 RiverDee E21 326872.0 342075.3 RiverDee E22 329253.5 342065.2 RiverDee E23 333532.1 340702.9 RiverDee E24 335812.6 341237.7 RiverDee E25 335923.6 344103.6 RiverDee E26 337296.0 344779.7 RiverDee E27 335893.1 353966.1 MidlandMeres E28 329318 348665 LegacyW218 E29 329409 348693 LegacyW218 E30 329533 348684 LegacyW218 E31 329601 348578 LegacyW218 E32 329604 348494 LegacyW218 E33 329328 348364 LegacyW218 E34 329340 348273 LegacyW218 E35 329489 348286 LegacyW218 E36 328695 348284 BronWylfaW219 E37 328381 348278 BronWylfaW219 E38 328197 348268 BronWylfaW219 E39 327980 348188 BronWylfaW219 E40 327672 348212 BronWylfaW219 E41 329565 348041 CremW222 E42 329783 347914 CremW222

Smith Grant LLP R2746C‐App B Environmental Consultancy April 2020 R2746C Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy, Wrexham Modelled Receptor Locations

Ref X (m) Y (m) Location E43 329910 347973 CremW222 E44 329923 347849 CremW222 E45 329729 349418 NantMillGrasslandW507 E46 329527 349500 NantMillGrasslandW507 E47 329381 349642 NantMillGrasslandW507 E48 328921 350013 NantMillBatW506 E49 329002 350016 NantMillBatW506 E50 329117 350072 BigWoodW217 E51 329204 349811 BigWoodW217 E52 329095 349649 BigWoodW217 E53 329403 349780 BigWoodW217 E54 329677 349631 BigWoodW217 E55 330025 349494 BigWoodW217 E56 330482 349342 BigWoodW217

Smith Grant LLP R2746C‐App B Environmental Consultancy April 2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

APPENDIX C

Gas Engine Datasheets

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020

09/2017

Technical Description Cogeneration Unit JMS 624 GS-N.L

dyn. GC Profile 1 (150ms/30%)

Pimbo

Electrical output 4405 kW el.

Thermal output 2782 kW

Emission values NOx < 250 mg/Nm³ (5% O2)

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0.01 Technical Data (at module) ______4 Main dimensions and weights (at module) 5 Connections 5 Output / fuel consumption 5 0.02 Technical data of engine ______6 Thermal energy balance 6 Exhaust gas data 6 Combustion air data 6 Sound pressure level 7 Sound power level 7 0.03 Technical data of generator ______8 Reactance and time constants (saturated) 8 0.04 Technical data of heat recovery ______9 General data - Hot water circuit 9 General data - Cooling water circuit 9 connection variant H2 ______10 0.10 Technical parameters______11 1.00 Scope of supply - module ______12 1.01 Spark ignited gas engine ______13 1.01.01 Engine design ______13 1.01.03 Engine accessories ______14 1.01.04 Standard tools (per installation)______15 1.02 Generator-medium voltage ______15 1.03 Module accessories ______17 1.03.01 Engine jacket water system ______19 1.03.02 Automatic lube oil replenishing system ______19 1.05.02 Gas train >500mbar ______19 1.05.03 Pre-chamber gas compressor ______20 1.07 Painting ______21 1.11 Engine generator control panel per module- Dia.ne XT4 incl. Single synchronization of the generator breaker ______21 Touch Display Screen: 22 Central engine and module control: 26 Malfunction Notice list: 27 1.11.03 Remote information by PROFIBUS-DP ______29 1.11.06 Remote Data-Transfer with DIA.NE XT4 ______30 1.11.15 Generator Differential Protection ______32 1.20.03 Starting system ______33

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1.20.05 Electric jacket water preheating ______34 1.20.08 Flexible connections ______34 2.00 Electrical Equipment ______34 2.02 Grid monitoring device for United Kingdom ______34 2.03.02 Power control ______36 2.12 Gas warning device ______36 2.13 Smoke warning device ______37 4.00 Delivery, installation and commissioning ______37 4.01 Carriage 37 4.02 Unloading 37 4.03 Assembly and installation 37 4.04 Storage 37 4.05 Start-up and commissioning 37 4.06 Trial run 37 4.07 Emission measurement (exhaust gas analyser) 37 5.01 Limits of delivery ______37 5.02 Factory tests and inspections ______38 5.02.01 Engine tests 39 5.02.02 Generator tests 39 5.02.03 Module tests 39 5.03 Documentation ______39

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0.01 Technical Data (at module)

Fuel gas LHV kWh/Nm³ 9.5

100% 75% 50% Energy input kW [2] 9,695 7,423 5,151 Gas volume Nm³/h *) 1,021 781 542 Mechanical output kW [1] 4,491 3,368 2,246 Electrical output kW el. [4] 4,405 3,299 2,190 Recoverable thermal output ~ Intercooler 1st stage kW [9] 1,821 ~ Lube oil kW 443 ~ Jacket water kW 518 ~ Exhaust gas cooled to 348 °C kW ~ Total recoverable thermal output kW [5] 2,782 Total output generated kW total 7,187 Heat to be dissipated ~ Intercooler 2nd stage kW ~ ~ Lube oil kW ~ ~ Surface heat ca. kW [7] 236

Spec. fuel consumption of engine electric kWh/kWel.h [2] 2.20 Spec. fuel consumption of engine kWh/kWh [2] 2.16 Lube oil consumption ca. kg/h [3] 0.90 Electrical efficiency % 45.4% Thermal efficiency % 28.7% Total efficiency % [6] 74.1%

Hot water circuit: Forward temperature °C 80.0 Return temperature °C 50.0 Hot water flow rate m³/h 79.6 *) approximate value for pipework dimensioning [_] Explanations: see 0.10 - Technical parameters

All heat data is based on standard conditions according to attachment 0.10. Deviations from the standard conditions can result in a change of values within the heat balance, and must be taken into consideration in the layout of the cooling circuit/equipment (intercooler; emergency cooling; ...). In the specifications in addition to the general tolerance of ±8 % on the thermal output a further reserve of +5 % is recommended for the dimensioning of the cooling requirements.

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Main dimensions and weights (at module) Length mm ~ 13,800 Width mm ~ 2,500 Height mm ~ 2,900 Weight empty kg ~ 54,300 Weight filled kg ~ 55,500

Connections Hot water inlet and outlet [A/B] DN/PN 100/10 Exhaust gas outlet [D] DN/PN 600/10

Fuel Gas (at module) DN/PN 100/16 Water drain ISO 228 G ½'' Condensate drain DN/PN 50/10 Safety valve - jacket water ISO 228 DN/PN 80/16 Safety valve - hot water DN/PN 100/10 Lube oil replenishing (pipe) mm 28 Lube oil drain (pipe) mm 28 Jacket water - filling (flex pipe) mm 13 Intercooler water-Inlet/Outlet 1st stage DN/PN 150/16 Intercooler water-Inlet/Outlet 2nd stage DN/PN 100/16

Output / fuel consumption ISO standard fuel stop power ICFN kW 4,491 Mean effe. press. at stand. power and nom. speed bar 24.00 Fuel gas type Natural gas Based on methane number | Min. methane number MZ d) 70 | 70 Compression ratio Epsilon 11.5 Min. fuel gas pressure for the pre chamber bar 5.91 Min./Max. fuel gas pressure at inlet to gas train bar 6 - 8 c) Allowed Fluctuation of fuel gas pressure % ± 10 Max. rate of gas pressure fluctuation mbar/sec 10 Maximum Intercooler 2nd stage inlet water temperature °C 50 Spec. fuel consumption of engine kWh/kWh 2.16 Specific lube oil consumption g/kWh 0.20 Max. Oil temperature °C 80 Jacket-water temperature max. °C 95 Filling capacity lube oil (refill) lit ~ 1000 c) Lower gas pressures upon inquiry d) based on methane number calculation software AVL 3.2 (calculated without N2 and CO2)

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0.02 Technical data of engine

Manufacturer GE Jenbacher Engine type J 624 GS-H12 Working principle 4-Stroke Configuration V 60° No. of cylinders 24 Bore mm 190 Stroke mm 220 Piston displacement lit 149.70 Nominal speed rpm 1,500 Mean piston speed m/s 11.00 Length mm 9,533 Width mm 2,111 Height mm 2,564 Weight dry kg 17,100 Weight filled kg 18,100 Moment of inertia kgm² 92.70 Direction of rotation (from flywheel view) left Radio interference level to VDE 0875 N Starter motor output kW 20 Starter motor voltage V 24

Thermal energy balance Energy input kW 9,695 Intercooler kW 1,821 Lube oil kW 443 Jacket water kW 518 Exhaust gas cooled to 180 °C kW 1,254 Exhaust gas cooled to 100 °C kW 1,836 Surface heat kW 120

Exhaust gas data Exhaust gas temperature at full load °C [8] 348 Exhaust gas temperature at bmep= 18 [bar] °C ~ 388 Exhaust gas temperature at bmep= 12 [bar] °C ~ 441 Exhaust gas mass flow rate, wet kg/h 24,456 Exhaust gas mass flow rate, dry kg/h 23,006 Exhaust gas volume, wet Nm³/h 19,300 Exhaust gas volume, dry Nm³/h 17,496 Max.admissible exhaust back pressure after y-pipe mbar 50

Combustion air data Combustion air mass flow rate kg/h 23,756 Combustion air volume Nm³/h 18,383 Max. admissible pressure drop at air-intake filter mbar 10

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Sound pressure level Aggregate a) dB(A) re 20µPa 103 31,5 Hz dB 90 63 Hz dB 97 125 Hz dB 103 250 Hz dB 101 500 Hz dB 96 1000 Hz dB 95 2000 Hz dB 94 4000 Hz dB 96 8000 Hz dB 97 Exhaust gas b) dB(A) re 20µPa 123 31,5 Hz dB 109 63 Hz dB 111 125 Hz dB 121 250 Hz dB 116 500 Hz dB 117 1000 Hz dB 113 2000 Hz dB 113 4000 Hz dB 120 8000 Hz dB 103

Sound power level Aggregate dB(A) re 1pW 126 Measurement surface m² 194 Exhaust gas dB(A) re 1pW 131 Measurement surface m² 6.28 a) average sound pressure level on measurement surface in a distance of 1m (converted to free field) according to DIN 45635, precision class 3. b) average sound pressure level on measurement surface in a distance of 1m according to DIN 45635, precision class 2. The spectra are valid for aggregates up to bmep=24 bar. (for higher bmep add safety margin of 1dB to all values per increase of 1 bar pressure). Engine tolerance ± 3 dB

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0.03 Technical data of generator

Manufacturer TDPS e) Type TD125-F2K9 e) Type rating kVA 6,360 Driving power kW 4,491 Ratings at p.f. = 1,0 kW 4,405 Ratings at p.f. = 0.8 kW 4,375 Rated output at p.f. = 0.8 kVA 5,469 Rated reactive power at p.f. = 0.8 kVar 3,281 Rated current at p.f. = 0.8 A 287 Frequency Hz 50 Voltage kV 11 Speed rpm 1,500 Permissible overspeed rpm 1,800 Power factor (lagging - leading) 0,8 - 0,95 Efficiency at p.f. = 1,0 % 98.1% Efficiency at p.f. = 0.8 % 97.4% Moment of inertia kgm² 443.75 Mass kg 18,800 Radio interference level to EN 55011 Class A (EN 61000-6-4) N Ik'' Initial symmetrical short-circuit current kA 1.49 Is Peak current kA 3.80 Insulation class F Temperature (rise at driving power) F Maximum ambient temperature °C 40

Reactance and time constants (saturated) xd direct axis synchronous reactance p.u. 1.92 xd' direct axis transient reactance p.u. 0.25 xd'' direct axis sub transient reactance p.u. 0.19 x2 negative sequence reactance p.u. 0.29 Td'' sub transient reactance time constant ms 35 Ta Time constant direct-current ms 170 Tdo' open circuit field time constant s 2.83 e) GE Jenbacher reserves the right to change the generator supplier and the generator type. The contractual data of the generator may thereby change slightly. The contractual produced electrical power will not change.

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0.04 Technical data of heat recovery

General data - Hot water circuit Total recoverable thermal output kW 2,782 Return temperature °C 50.0 Forward temperature °C 80.0 Hot water flow rate m³/h 79.6 Nominal pressure of hot water PN 10 min. operating pressure bar 3.5 max. operating pressure bar 9.0 Pressure drop hot water circuit bar 1.70 Maximum Variation in return temperature °C +0/-5 Max. rate of return temperature fluctuation °C/min 10

General data - Cooling water circuit Heat to be dissipated kW 0 Return temperature °C 50 Cooling water flow rate m³/h 50 Nominal pressure of cooling water PN 10 min. operating pressure bar 0.5 max. operating pressure bar 5.0 Loss of nominal pressure of cooling water bar ~ Maximum Variation in return temperature °C +0/-5 Max. rate of return temperature fluctuation °C/min 10

The final pressure drop will be given after final order clarification and must be taken from the P&ID order documentation.

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connection variant H2

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0.10 Technical parameters

All data in the technical specification are based on engine full load (unless stated otherwise) at specified temperatures and the methane number and subject to technical development and modifications.

All pressure indications are to be measured and read with pressure gauges (psi.g.).

(1) At nominal speed and standard reference conditions ICFN according to DIN-ISO 3046 and DIN 6271, respectively (2) According to DIN-ISO 3046 and DIN 6271, respectively, with a tolerance of +5 %. Efficiency performance is based on a new unit (immediately upon commissioning).Effects of degradation during normal operation can be mitigated through regular service and maintenance work. (3) Average value between oil change intervals according to maintenance schedule, without oil change amount (4) At p. f. = 1.0 according to VDE 0530 REM / IEC 34.1 with relative tolerances, all direct driven pumps are included (5) Total output with a tolerance of ±8 % (6) According to above parameters (1) through (5) (7) Only valid for engine and generator; module and peripheral equipment not considered (at p. f. = 0,8), (guiding value) (8) Exhaust temperature with a tolerance of ±8 % (9) Intercooler heat on: * standard conditions (Vxx) - If the turbocharger design is done for air intake temperature > 30°C w/o de-rating, the intercooler heat of the 1st stage need to be increased by 2%/°C starting from 25°C. Deviations between 25 – 30°C will be covered with the standard tolerance. * Hot Country application (Vxxx) - If the turbocharger design is done for air intake temperature > 40°C w/o de-rating, the intercooler heat of the 1st stage need to be increased by 2%/°C starting from 35°C. Deviations between 35 – 40°C will be covered with the standard tolerance.

Radio interference level The ignition system of the gas engines complies the radio interference levels of CISPR 12 and EN 55011 class B, (30-75 MHz, 75-400 MHz, 400-1000 MHz) and (30-230 MHz, 230-1000 MHz), respectively.

Definition of output • ISO-ICFN continuous rated power: Net break power that the engine manufacturer declares an engine is capable of delivering continuously, at stated speed, between the normal maintenance intervals and overhauls as required by the manufacturer. Power determined under the operating conditions of the manufacturer’s test bench and adjusted to the standard reference conditions. • Standard reference conditions: Barometric pressure: 1000 mbar (14.5 psi) or 100 m (328 ft) above sea level Air temperature: 25°C (77°F) or 298 K Relative humidity: 30 %

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• Volume values at standard conditions (fuel gas, combustion air, exhaust gas) Pressure: 1013 mbar (14.7 psi) Temperature: 0°C (32°F) or 273 K

Output adjustment for turbo charged engines Standard rating of the engines is for an installation at an altitude ≤ 500 m and combustion air temperature ≤ 30 °C (T1) Engine room outlet temperature: 50°C (T2) -> engine stop

If the actual methane number is lower than the specified, the knock control responds. First the ignition timing is changed at full rated power. Secondly the rated power is reduced. These functions are carried out by the engine management system. Exceedance of the voltage and frequency limits for generators according to IEC 60034-1 Zone A will lead to a derate in output.

Parameters for the operation of GE Jenbacher gas engines The genset fulfils the limits for mechanical vibrations according to ISO 8528-9. The following "Technical Instruction of GE JENBACHER" forms an integral part of a contract and must be strictly observed: TA 1000-0004, TA 1100 0110, TA 1100-0111, and TA 1100-0112. Transport by rail should be avoided. See TA 1000-0046 for further details

Failure to adhere to the requirements of the above-mentioned TA documents can lead to engine damage and may result in loss of warranty coverage.

Parameters for the operation of control unit and the electrical equipment Relative humidity 50% by maximum temperature of 40°C. Altitude up to 2000m above the sea level.

1.00 Scope of supply - module

Design: The module is built as a compact package. Engine and generator are connected through a coupling and are mounted to the base frame. To provide the best possible isolation from the transmission of vibrations the engine is mounted to the frame by means of anti-vibrational mounts. The remaining vibrations are eliminated by mounting the module on isolating pads (e.g. Sylomer). This, in principle, allows the module to be placed directly on any floor capable of carrying the static load. No special foundation is required. Prevention of sound conducted through solids has to be provided locally.

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1.01 Spark ignited gas engine

Four-stroke, air/gas mixture turbocharged, aftercooled, with high performance ignition system and electronically controlled air/gas mixture system. The engine is equipped with the most advanced

LEANOX® LEAN-BURN COMBUSTION SYSTEM developed by GE JENBACHER.

1.01.01 Engine design

Engine block Single-piece crankcase and cylinder block made of special casting; crank case covers for engine inspection, welded steel oil pan.

Crankshaft and main bearings Drop-forged, precision ground, surface hardened, dynamically balanced; main bearings (upper bearing shell: grooved bearing / lower bearing shell: sputter bearing) arranged between crank pins, drilled oil passages for forced-feed lubrication of connecting rods.

Vibration damper Maintenance free viscous damper

Flywheel With ring gear for starter motor and additionally screwed on.

Pistons Two-part steel piston with oil passages for cooling; piston rings made of high quality material, main combustion chamber specially designed for lean burn operation.

Connecting rods Drop-forged, heat-treated, big end diagonally split and toothed. Big end bearings (upper bearing shell: sputter bearing / lower bearing shell: sputter bearing) and connecting rod bushing for piston pin.

Cylinder liner Chromium alloy gray cast iron, wet, individually replaceable.

Cylinder head Specially designed and developed for GE JENBACHER-lean burn engines with optimized fuel consumption and emissions; water cooled, made of special casting, individually replaceable; Valve seats, valve guides and spark plug sleeves individually replaceable; exhaust and inlet valves made of high quality material; Pre-chamber with check-valve.

Crankcase breather Connected to combustion air intake system.

Valve train

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Camshaft, with replaceable bushings, driven by crankshaft through intermediate gears, valve lubrication by splash oil through rocker arms.

Combustion air/fuel gas system Motorized carburetor for automatic adjustment according to fuel gas characteristic. Exhaust driven turbocharger, mixture manifold with bellows, water-cooled intercooler, throttle valve and distribution to cylinders.

Ignition system Most advanced, fully electronic high performance ignition system, external ignition control. MORIS: Automatically, cylinder selective registration and control of the current needed ignition voltage.

Lubricating system Gear-type lube oil pump to supply all moving parts with filtered lube oil, pressure control valve, pressure relief valve and full-flow filter cartridges. Cooling of the lube oil is arranged by a heat exchanger.

Engine cooling system Electrical jacket water pump complete with distribution pipework and manifolds.

Exhaust system Turbocharger and exhaust manifold

Exhaust gas temperature measuring 1 Thermocouple for each cylinder

Electric actuator For electronic speed and output control

Electronic speed monitoring for speed and output control By magnetic inductive pick up over ring gear on flywheel

Starter motor 3 Engine mounted electric starter motor

1.01.03 Engine accessories

Insulation of exhaust manifold: Insulation of exhaust manifold is easily installed and removed

Sensors at the engine: • Jacket water temperature sensor • Jacket water pressure sensor • Lube oil temperature sensor • Lube oil pressure sensor • Mixture temperature sensor • Charge pressure sensor • Minimum and maximum lube oil level switch • Exhaust gas thermocouple for each cylinder • Knock sensors

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• Gas mixer / gas dosing valve position reporting.

Actuator at the engine: • Actuator - throttle valve • Bypass-valve for turbocharger • Control of the gas mixer / gas dosing valve

1.01.04 Standard tools (per installation)

The tools required for carrying out the most important maintenance work are included in the scope of supply and delivered in a toolbox.

1.02 Generator-medium voltage

The 2 bearing generator consists of the main generator (built as rotating field machine), the exciter machine (built as rotating armature machine) and the digital excitation system. The digital regulator is powered by an auxiliary winding at the main stator or a PMG system

Main components: • Enclosure of welded steel construction • Stator core consist of thin insulated electrical sheet metal with integrated cooling channels. • Stator winding with 5/6 Pitch • Rotor consist of shaft with shrunken laminated poles, Exciter rotor, PMG (depending on Type) and fan. • Damper cage • Excitation unit with rotating rectifier diodes and overvoltage protection • Dynamically balanced as per ISO 1940, Balance quality G2,5 • Drive end bracket, sleeve bearing + Aeorotherm • Non-drive end bracket, sleeve bearing + Aeorotherm • Cooling IC01 - open ventilated, air entry at non-drive end , air outlet at the drive end side • Main terminal box includes main terminals for power cables • Regulator terminal box with auxiliary terminals for thermistor connection and regulator. • Anti-condensation heater • 3 PT100 for winding temperature monitoring+3 PT100 Spare • 2 PT100 for bearing temperature monitoring • Current transformer for protection and measuring in the star point xx/1A, 10P10 15VA , xx/1A, 1FS5, 15VA

Electrical data and features • Standards: IEC 60034, EN 60034, VDE 0530, ISO 8528-3, ISO 8528-9 • Voltage adjustment range: +/- 10 % of rated voltage (continuous) • Frequency: -6/+4% of rated frequency • Overload capacity: 10% for one hour within 6 hours, 50% for 30 seconds • Asymmetric load: max. 8% I2 continuous, in case of fault I2 x t=20 • Altitude: < 1000m • Max permitted generator intake air temperature: 5°C - 40°C

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• Max. relative air humidity: 90% • Voltage curve THD Ph-Ph: <2,5% at idle operation and <2,5% at full load operation with linear symmetrical load • Generator suitable for parallel operating with the grid and other generators • Sustained short circuit current at 3-pole terminal short circuit: minimum 3 times rated current for 5 seconds. • Over speed test with 1.2 times of rated speed for 2 minutes according to IEC 60034

Digital Excitation system ABB Unitrol 1010 mounted within the AVR Terminal box with following features:

• Compact and robust Digital Excitation system for Continuous output current up to 10 A (20A Overload current 10s) • Fast AVR response combined with high excitation voltage improves the transient stability during LVRT events. • The system has free configurable measurement and analog or digital I/Os. The configuration is done via the local human machine interface or CMT1000 • Power Terminals 3 phase excitation power input from PMG or auxiliary windings Auxiliary power input 24VDC • Excitation output • Measurement terminals: 3 phase machine voltage, 1 phase network voltage, 1 phase machine current • Analog I/Os: 2 outputs / 3 inputs (configurable), +10 V / -10 V • Digital I/O: 4 inputs only (configurable), 8 inputs / outputs (configurable) • Serial fieldbus: RS485 for Modbus RTU or VDC (Reactive power load sharing for up to 31 GEJ engines in island operation), CAN-Bus for dual channel communication • Regulator Control modes: Bump less transfer between all modes Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) accuracy 0,1% at 25°C ambient temperature Field Current Regulator (FCR) Power Factor Regulator (PF) Reactive Power Regulator (VAR) • Limiters: Keeping synchronous machines in a safe and stable operation area Excitation current limiter (UEL min / OEL max) PQ minimum limiter Machine current limiter V / Hz limiter Machine voltage limiter • Voltage matching during synchronization • Rotating diode monitoring • Dual channel / monitoring: Enables the dual channel operation based on self diagnostics and setpoint follow up over CAN communication.. As Option available • Power System Stabilizer (PSS) is available as option. Compliant with the standard IEEE 421.5-2005 2A / 2B, the PSS improves the stability of the generator over the highest possible operation range. • Computer representation for power system stability studies: ABB 3BHS354059 E01 • Certifications: CE, cUL certification according UL 508c (compliant with CSA), DNV Class B,

• Commissioning and maintenance Tool CMT1000 (for trained commissioning/ maintenance personal) • With this tool the technician can setup all parameters and tune the PID to guarantee stable operation. The CMT1000 software allows an extensive supervision of the system, which helps the user to identify

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and locate problems during commissioning on site. The CMT1000 is connected to the target over USB or Ethernet port, where Ethernet connection allows remote access over 100 m. • Main window • Indication of access mode and device information. • Change of parameter is only possible in CONTROL access mode. • LED symbol indicates that all parameter are stored on none volatile memory. • Setpoint adjust window • Overview of all control modes, generator status, active limiters status and alarms. • Adjust set point and apply steps for tuning of the PID. • Oscilloscope • 4 signals can be selected out of 20 recorded channels. The time resolution is 50ms.Save files to your PC for further investigation. • Measurement • All measurements on one screen.

Routine Test Following routine tests will be carried out by the generator manufacturer • Measuring of the DC-resistance of stator and rotor windings • Check of the function of the fitted components (e.g. RTDs, space heater etc.) • Insulation resistance of the following components Stator winding, rotor winding Stator winding RTDs Bearing RTDs Space heater • No Load saturation characteristic (remanent voltage) • Stator voltage unbalance • Direction of rotation, phase sequence • High voltage test of the stator windings (2 x Unom. + 1000 V) and the rotor windings (min. 1500 V)

1.03 Module accessories

Base frame Welded structural steel to accommodate engine, generator and heat exchangers.

Flexible coupling With torque limiter to couple engine with generator. The coupling isolates the major subharmonics of engine firing impulses from the generator.

Bell housing To connect engine with generator housing. With two ventilation and control windows.

Anti-vibration mounts Arranged between engine/generator assembly and base frame. Isolating pads (SYLOMER) for placement between base frame and foundation, delivered loose.

Exhaust gas connection Connection of exhaust gas turbocharger; including flexible connection to compensate for expansions and vibrations.

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Combustion air filter Dry type air filter with replaceable filter cartridges, including flexible connection to carburetor and service indicator.

Interface panel Totally enclosed sheet steel cubicle with front door, wired to terminals, ready to operate. Cable entry at bottom.

Painting: RAL 7035

Protection: IP 54 external, IP 20 internal (protection against direct contact with live parts)

Design according to IEC 439-1 (EN 60 439-1/1990) and DIN VDE 0660 part 500, respectively. Ambient temperature: 5 - 40 °C (41 - 104 °F), Relative humidity: 70 %

Dimensions: • Height: 1300 mm (51 in) (2100mm bei 624) • Width: 1200 mm (47 in) (1000mm bei 624) • Depth: 400 mm (16 in) (600mm bei 624)

Power supply from the starter battery charger.

Power distribution to the engine mounted auxiliaries (power input from the supplier of the auxiliaries power supply): 3 x 400/230 V, 50 Hz, 50 A

Essential components installed in interface panel: • Terminal strip • Decentralized input and output cards, connected by a data bus interface to the central engine control of the module control panel. • Speed monitoring • Relays, contacts, fuses, engine contact switch to control valves and auxiliaries • Measuring transducer for excitation voltage • Air conditioning system (option)

Exhaust gas scavenging blower The exhaust gas scavenging blower is used to scavenge the remaining exhaust gas out of the exhaust gas pipe work, to prevent the appearance of deflagrations.

Function: Before each start scavenging by blower is done for app. 1 minute (except at black out – start)

Supervisions: • Scavenging air fan failure • Scavenging air flap failure

Consisting of: • Fan • Exhaust gas flap

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• Temperature switch • Compensator and pipe work

1.03.01 Engine jacket water system

Engine jacket water system Closed cooling circuit, consisting of: • Expansion tank • Filling device (check and pressure reducing valves, pressure gauge) • Safety valve(s) • Thermostatic valve • Required pipework on module • Vents and drains • Electrical jacket water pump, including check valve • Jacket water preheat device

1.03.02 Automatic lube oil replenishing system

Automatic lube oil replenishing system: Includes float valve in lube oil feed line, including inspection glass. Electric monitoring system will be provided for engine shut-down at lube oil levels "MINIMUM" and "MAXIMUM". Solenoid valve in oil feed line is only activated during engine operation. Manual override of the solenoid valve, for filling procedure during oil changes is included.

Oil drain By set mounted cock

Pre-lubrication- and aftercooling oil pump: Mounted on the module base frame; it is used for pre-lubrication and aftercooling of the turbochargers. Period of operation: Pre-lubrication: 1 minute both pumps Aftercooling: 15 minutes from engine stop only the 400/230 V pump Consisting of: • 1 piece oil pump 1500 W, 400/230 V • 1 piece oil pump 1500 W, 24 V • All necessary vents • Necessary pipework

1.05.02 Gas train >500mbar

Pre-assembled, delivered loose, for installation into gas pipework to the module.

Consisting of: • Main gas train: • Shut off valve • Gas filter, filter fineness <3µm • Adapter with dismount to the pre-chamber gas train

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• Gas admission pressure regulator • Pressure gauge with push button valve • High pressure regulator with safety-cut-off-valve (SAV) • Calming distance with reducer • Safety-blow-off-valve (SBV) • Pressure gauge with push button valve, 0-100mbar (0-1,45 psi) • Solenoid valves • Leakage detector • Gas pressure regulator • Gas pressure switches (min., max.) • TEC JET (has to be implemented horizontal) • Gas flow meter (option) • p/t compensation (option)

The gas train complies with DIN - DVGW regulations. Maximum distance from TEC JET outlet to gas entry on engine, including flexible connections, is 1m (39,37in).

• Pre-chamber gas train: • Ball valve • Gas filter, filter fineness <3µm • Solenoid valves • Pressure regulator • Calming distance with reducer • Pressure gauge with push button valve, 1-5bar (0-72,5psi)

Pre chamber gas pressure regulator (incl. stabilization section) assembled at the flexible connection pre chamber gas.

1.05.03 Pre-chamber gas compressor

The pre-chamber gas compressor is used to increase the pressure of the gas.

Dimensions of the complete compressor unit: • Length: appr. 2300 mm (90,6 in) • Width: appr. 750 - 900 mm (29,5 - 35,4 in) • Total hight: appr. 2200 mm (86,6 in)

Consisting of: • Compressor • Three-phase current engine • Solenoid valve at the gas compressor inlet • Suction filter (=suction silencer) • Starting relief installation with feedback • Aftercooler for compressed gas with contensate drain • Set of thermometers at the aftercooler • Flexible hose to the pressure vessel • Flexible connections at the compressor inlet and at the blowoff pipe • Solenoid valves, transmitters and switches wired to the terminal box

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• Pressure gas vessel with fittings and TÜV certificate for a pressure of 8 bar

1.07 Painting

• Quality: Oil resistant prime layer Synthetic resin varnish finishing coat

• Colour: Engine: RAL 6018 (green) Base frame: RAL 6018 (green) Generator: RAL 6018 (green) Module interface panel: RAL 7035 (light grey) Control panel: RAL 7035 (light grey)

1.11 Engine generator control panel per module- Dia.ne XT4 incl. Single synchronization of the generator breaker

Dimensions: • Height: 2200 mm (including 200 mm (8 in) pedestal *) • Width: 800 -1200mm*) • Depth: 600 mm *)

Protection class: • external IP42 • Internal IP 20 (protection again direct contact with live parts)

*) Control panels will be dimensioned on a project specific basis. Actual dimensions will be provided in the preliminary documentation for the project.

Control supply voltage from starter and control panel batteries: 24V DC

Auxiliaries power supply: (from provider of the auxiliary supply) 3 x 400/230 V, 50 Hz

Consisting of: Motor - Management - System DIA.NE

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Setup: • a) Touch display visualization • b) Central engine and unit control

Touch Display Screen:

15“ Industrial color graphic display with resistive touch.

Interfaces: • 24V voltage supply • VGA display connection • USB interface for resistive touch

Protection class of DIA.NE XT panel front: IP 65 Dimensions: W x H x D = approx. 410x310x80mm

The screen shows a clear and functional summary of the measurement values and simultaneously shows a graphical summary.

Operation is via the screen buttons on the touch screen Numeric entries (set point values, parameters…) are entered on the touch numeric pad or via a scroll bar. Determination of the operation mode and the method of synchronization via a permanently displayed button panel on the touch screen.

Main screens (examples):

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Main: Display of the overview, auxiliaries status, engine start and operating data.

ELE: Display of the generator connection with electrical measurement values and synchronization status

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OPTION: Generator winding and bearing temperature

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Trending Trend with 100ms resolution

Measurement values: • 510 data points are stored • Measurement interval = 100ms • Raw data availability with 100ms resolution: 24 hours + max. 5.000.000 changes in value at shut down (60 mins per shut down) • Compression level 1: min, max, and average values with 1000ms resolution: 3 days • Compression level 2: min, max, and average values with 30s resolution: 32 days • Compression level 3: min, max, and average values with 10min resolution: 10 years

Messages: 10.000.000 message events

Actions (operator control actions): 1.000.000 Actions

System messages: 100.000 system messages

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Central engine and module control:

An industrial PC- based modular industrial control system for module and engine sequencing control (start preparation, start, stop, aftercooling and control of auxiliaries) as well as all control functions.

Interfaces: • Ethernet (twisted pair) for remote monitoring access • Ethernet (twisted pair) for connection between engines • Ethernet (twisted pair) for the Powerlink connection to the control input and output modules. • USB interface for software updates

Connection to the local building management system according to the GE Jenbacher option list (OPTION) • MODBUS-RTU Slave • MODBUS-TCP Slave, • PROFIBUS-DP Slave (160 words), • PROFIBUS-DP Slave (190 words), • ProfiNet • OPC

Control functions: • Speed control in idle and in island mode • Power output control in grid parallel operation, or according to an internal or external set point value on a case by case basis • LEANOX control system which controls boost pressure according to the power at the generator terminals, and controls the mixture temperature according to the engine driven air-gas mixer • Knocking control: in the event of knocking detection, ignition timing adjustment, power reduction and mixture temperature reduction (if this feature is installed) • Load sharing between engines in island mode operation (option) • Linear power reduction in the event of excessive mixture temperature and misfiring • Linear power reduction according to CH4 signal (if available) • Linear power reduction according to gas pressure (option) • Linear power reduction according to air intake temperature (option)

Multi-transducer to record the following alternator electrical values: • Phase current (with slave pointer)) • Neutral conductor current • Voltages Ph/Ph and Ph/N • Active power (with slave pointer) • Reactive power • Apparent power • Power factor • Frequency • Active and reactive energy counter

Additional 0 (4) - 20 mA interface for active power as well as a pulse signal for active energy

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The following alternator monitoring functions are integrated in the multi-measuring device: • Overload/short-circuit [51], [50] • Over voltage [59] • Under voltage [27] • Asymmetric voltage [64], [59N] • Unbalance current [46] • Excitation failure [40] • Over frequency [81>] • Under frequency [81<]

Lockable operation modes selectable via touch screen: • "OFF" operation is not possible, running units will shut down immediately; • "MANUAL" manual operation (start, stop) possible, unit is not available for fully automatic operation. • "AUTOMATIC" fully automatic operation according to external demand signal:

Demand modes selectable via touch screen: • external demand off („OFF“) • external demand on („REMOTE“) • overide external demand („ON“)

Malfunction Notice list:

Shut down functions e.g.: • Low lube oil pressure • Low lube oil level • High lube oil level • High lube oil temperature • Low jacket water pressure • High jacket water pressure • High jacket water temperature • Overspeed • Emergency stop/safety loop • Gas train failure • Start failure • Stop failure • Engine start blocked • Engine operation blocked • Misfiring • High mixture temperature • Measuring signal failure • Overload/output signal failure • Generator overload/short circuit • Generator over/undervoltage • Generator over/underfrequency • Generator asymmetric voltage • Generator unbalanced load • Generator reverse power

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• High generator winding temperature • Synchronizing failure • Cylinder selective Knocking failure

Warning functions e.g.: • Cooling water temperature min. • Cooling water pressure min. • Generator winding temperature max.

Remote signals: (volt free contacts)

1NO = 1 normally open 1NC = 1 normally closed 1COC = 1 change over contact

• Ready for automatic start (to Master control) 1NO • Operation (engine running) 1NO • Demand auxiliaries 1NO • Collective signal "shut down" 1NC • Collective signal "warning" 1NC

External (by others) provided command/status signals: • Engine demand (from Master control) 1S • Auxiliaries demanded and released 1S

Single synchronizing Automatic

For automatic synchronizing of the module with the generator circuit breaker to the grid by PLC- technology, integrated within the module control panel.

Consisting of: • Hardware extension of the programmable control for fully automatic synchronization selection and synchronization of the module and for monitoring of the generator circuit breaker closed signal. • Lockable synchronization selection via touch screen with the following selection modes: • "MANUAL" Manual initiation of synchronization via touch screen button followed by fully automatic synchronization of the module • "AUTOMATIC" Automatic module synchronization, after synchronizing release from the module control • "OFF" Selection and synchronization disabled Control of the generator circuit breaker according to the synchronization mode selected via touch screen. • "Generator circuit breaker CLOSED/ Select" Touch-button on DIA.NE XT • "Generator circuit breaker OPEN" Touch-button on DIA.NE XT

Status signals: Generator circuit breaker closed Generator circuit breaker open

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Remote signals: (volt free contacts) Generator circuit breaker closed 1 NO

The following reference and status signals must be provided by the switchgear supplier:

• Generator circuit breaker CLOSED 1 NO • Generator circuit breaker OPEN 1 NO • Generator circuit breaker READY TO CLOSE 1 NO • Mains circuit breaker CLOSED 1 NO • Mains circuit breaker OPEN 1 NO

Mains voltage 3 x 400/230V or 3x 110V/v3 other measurement voltages available on request Bus bar voltage 3 x 400/230 V or 3x 110V/v3 – other measurement voltages available on request Generator voltage 3 x 11 kV or 3x 110V/v3 – other measurement voltages available on request

Voltage transformer in the star point with minimum 50VA and Class 0,5

The following volt free interface-signals will be provided by GE Jenbacher to be incorporated in switchgear:

• CLOSING/OPENING command for generator circuit breaker (permanent contact) 1 NO + 1 NC • Signal for circuit breaker undervoltage trip 1 NO

Maximum distance between module control panel and engine/interface panel: 30m Maximum distance between module control panel and power panel: 50m Maximum distance between module control panel and master control panel: 50m Maximum distance between alternator and generator circuit breaker: 30m

1.11.03 Remote information by PROFIBUS-DP

Data transfer from GE JENBACHER-module control to customer's plant management system by PROFIBUS-DP-network according to EN 50170/2. Data transfer rates: up to 1,5 MBits/s. The data transmission by the customer's MASTER must be cyclical.

Transmitted data: Individual failure information, plant operating information, measuring values for generator power, oil pressure, oil temperature, jacket water pressure, jacket water temperature, cylinder and average exhaust gas temperatures.

GE Jenbacher limit of delivery: Bus terminals RS 485 in the module control panel.

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1.11.06 Remote Data-Transfer with DIA.NE XT4

General DIA.NE XT4 offers remote connection with Ethernet.

Applications:

1.) DIA.NE XT4 HMI DIA.NE XT4 HMI is the human-machine-interface of DIA.NE XT4 engine control and visualization system for GE Jenbacher gas engines. The system offers extensive facilities for commissioning, monitoring, servicing and analysis of the site. By installation of the DIA.NE XT4 HMI client program it can be used to establish connection to site, if connected to a network and access rights are provided. The system runs on Microsoft Windows Operating systems (Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8)

Function Functions of the visualization system at the engine control panel can be used remotely. These are among others control and monitoring, trend indications, alarm management, parameter management, and access to long term data recording. By providing access to multiple systems, also with multiple clients in parallel, additional useful functions are available like multi-user system, remote control, print and export functions and data backup.DIA.NE XT4 is available in several languages.

Option - Remote demand/blocking

If the service selectors switch at the module control panel is in pos."Automatic" and the demand-selector switch in pos."Remote", it is possible to enable (demanded) or disable (demand off) the module with a control button at the DIA.NE XT4 HMI Note: With this option, it makes no sense to have an additional clients demand (via hardware or data bus) or a self-guided operation (via GE Jenbacher master control, grid import /export etc.).

Option - Remote - reset (see TA-No. 1100-0111 chapter 1.7 an d1.9)

Scope of supply • Software package DIA.NE XT4 HMI Client Setup (Download) • Number of DIA.NE XT4 HMI - Client user license (Simultaneous right to access of one user to the engine control)

Nr. of license Access 1 1 Users can be logged in at the same time with a PC (Workplace, control room or at home). 2 - “n“ (Optional) 2- “n” Users can be logged in at the same time with a PC (Workplace, control room or at home). If 2- “n” users are locally connected at Computers from office or control room, then it is not possible to log in from home.

Caution! This option includes the DIA.NE XT4 HMI client application and its license only – NO secured, encrypted connection will be provided by GE Jenbacher! A secured, encrypted connection – which is

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mandatory – has to be provided by the customer (via LAN connection or customer-side VPN), or can be realized by using option myPlant™.

Customer requirements • Broad band network connection via Ethernet(100/1000BASE-TX) at RJ45 Connector (ETH3) at DIA.NE XT4 server inside module control panel • Standard PC with keyboard, mouse or touch and monitor (min. resolution 1024*768) • Operating system Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10 • DirectX 9.0 c compatible or newer 3D display adapter with 64 MB or higher memory

2.) myPlant™ myPlant™ is the GE Jenbacher remote monitoring and diagnostic (RM&D) service

Offering Feature Connect Protect Online data transfer  

Big Data cloud storage   Engine status visibility   Asset Control alarms visibility   Management Basic data trends   Remote access to DIA.NE HMI -  Unlimited data trending -  Advanced diagnostics -  Fleet Fleet status on world map -  Management Fleet summaries and reporting -  SMS/Email notifications -  Mobility Smartphone app  

Web application with following features: • Visualization of the current state of the engine (available, in operation, fault) • View of various readings of the Gen-set • Visualization of counts as a trend graph (if plant available online, or by manually entering of the counter readings) • Trend graph of the performance value (low resolution; only if system available online) myPlant™ Connect is free of charge for registered customers myPlant™ Protect is free of charge within the warranty period (limited to 1 year) and is also included as part of any contractual service agreement (CSA).

Scope of supply • Access to myPlant™ • Connection between plant server and myPlant™ system

Customer requirements

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• Permanent Internet line (wired or mobile, (see option 4)) • See technical instruction TA 2300-0008 • Outbound data connectivity (from plant server to Internet) ONLY – INBOUND connections must NOT be allowed!

CAUTION! It is in the responsibility of the customer to prevent direct access from the Internet to the plant server using technical equipment like firewalls. GE Jenbacher does not provide such security devices and services as part of this option!

3.) Mobile Internet (OPTION) Connection Plant - Customer via secured Internet - connection See also technical instruction TA 2300 - 0006

Scope of delivery • Mobile Internet router with antenna to connect to the DIA.NE Server XT4

Customer requirements • SIM card for 3G / 4G

4.) Network overview

For information only!

1.11.15 Generator Differential Protection

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ANSI function code 87

Digital protection relay, 3-phase, integrated into the module control panel. Connected to the protective current transformers in the generator star point (GEJ scope of supply) and to the protective current transformers in the generator circuit breaker panel (current transformers by client, secondary 1A, optionally: 5A). Acting on the generator circuit breaker and on the generator de-excitation Alarm message on the DIA.NE screen

In plants with a unit generator-transformer configuration the protection is realized as generator/transformer differential protection.

1.20.03 Starting system

Starter battery (is not included in GE Jenbacher scope): 6 piece 12 V Pb battery, 200 Ah (according to DIN 72311), complete with cover plate, terminals and acid tester.

Battery voltage monitoring: Monitoring by an under voltage relay.

Battery charging equipment: Capable for charging the starter battery with I/U characteristic and for the supply of all connected D.C. consumers. Charging device is mounted inside of the module interface panel or module control panel.

• General data: • Power supply 3 x 320 - 550 V, 47 - 63 Hz • max. power consumption 2120 W • Nominal D.C. voltage 24 V(+/-1%) • Voltage setting range 24V to 28,8V ( adjustable) • Nominal current (max.) 2 x 40 A • Dimensions 240 x 125 x 125 mm • Degree of protection IP20 to IEC 529 • Operating temperature 0 °C - 60 °C • Protection class 1 • Humidity class 3K3, no condensation. • Natural air convection • Standards EN60950,EN50178 UL/cUL (UL508/CSA 22.2)

Signalling: Green Led: Output voltage > 20,5V Yellow Led: Overload, Output Voltage < 20,5V Red Led: shutdown

Control accumulator: • Pb battery 24 VDC/18 Ah

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1.20.05 Electric jacket water preheating

Installed in the jacket water cooling circuit, consisting of: • Heating elements • Water circulating pump

The jacket water temperature of a stopped engine is maintained between 56°C (133 °F) and 60°C (140°F), to allow for immediate loading after engine start.

1.20.08 Flexible connections

Following flexible connections per module are included in the GE Jenbacher -scope of supply:

No. Connection Unit Dimension Material

2 Warm water in-/outlet DN/PN 100/10 Stainless steel 1 Exhaust gas outlet DN/PN 600/10 Stainless steel 1 Fuel gas inlet DN/PN 150/16 Stainless steel 2 Intercooler in-/outlet DN/PN 150/16 Stainless steel 2 Lube oil connection mm 28 Hose

Sealings and flanges for all flexible connections are included.

2.00 Electrical Equipment

Totally enclosed floor mounted sheet steel cubicle with front door wired to terminals. Ready to operate, with cable entry at bottom. Naturally ventilated.

Protection: IP 42 external IP 20 internal (protection against direct contact with live parts)

Design according to EN 61439-2 / IEC 61439-2 and ISO 8528-4. Ambient temperature 5 - 40 °C (41 - 104 °F), 70 % Relative humidity

Standard painting: Panel: RAL 7035 Pedestal: RAL 7020

2.02 Grid monitoring device for United Kingdom

Standard United Kingdom for generating plants connected to the low- or high-voltage network.

Function: For disconnection of the generators from the grid in case of grid failures.

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• Over-/under voltage monitoring • Over-/under frequency monitoring • Specially adjustable independent time for voltage and frequency monitoring • Vector shift monitoring or df/dt (RoCoF) monitoring for immediate disconnection of the generators from the grid, for example at short interruptions • Indication of all reference dimensions for normal operation and at the case of disturbance over alphanumeric display and LED • Adjusting authority through password protection against adjusting of strangers

Scope of supply: Digital grid protection relay with storage of defect data, indication of reference dimensions as well as monitoring by itself. Rated input voltages: 100 V / 110 V / 400 V / 415 V. Rated input currents: 1 A / 5 A. Test terminals (manufacturer WAGO, series 282) for the measurement inputs for the implementation of functional tests. Out of standard scope of supply: all necessary instrument transformers, additional protection equipment acc. to network operator’s specifications and guidelines.

Settings for the protection equipment acc. to “Engineering Recommendation G59/3”: Parameter LV Protection HV Protection Comments (voltage reference from an (voltage reference from an LV source) HV source)

Parameter- Max. time Parameter- Max. time limit delay limit delay

U>> [ANSI 59] 119% 0,5s 113% 0,5s Power reduction with 1%P /%U above 110%U

U> [ANSI 59] 114% 1,0s 110% 1,0s Power reduction with 1%P /%U above 110%U

U< [ANSI 27] 87% 2,5s 87% 2,5s Power reduction with 1%P /%U below 94%U

U<< [ANSI 27] 80% 0,5s 80% 0,5s Power reduction with 1%P /%U below 94%U

f>> [ANSI 81O] 52Hz 0,5s 52Hz 0,5s Power reduction with 30%P /Hz above 51Hz

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f> [ANSI 81O] 51,5Hz 90s 51,5Hz 90s Power reduction with 30%P /Hz above 51Hz

f< [ANSI 81U] 47,5Hz 20s 47,5Hz 20s Power reduction with 10%P /Hz below 49Hz

f<< [ANSI 81U] 47Hz 0,5s 47Hz 0,5s Power reduction with 10%P /Hz below 49Hz

Vector shift 6° 6° for low impedance [ANSI 78] networks or or or df/dt (RoCoF) 0,125Hz/s, 0,125Hz/s, [ANSI 81R] 5 periods 5 periods 10 – 12° 10 – 12° for high impedance networks or or 0,2Hz/s, 0,2Hz/s, 5 periods 5 periods

2.03.02 Power control

According to external signal Function: An external potential free (0/4 - 20 mA = 50 - 100 % of nominal power) signal is a set value for the power control.

At plants with multiple modules, this signal can be used in a series loop on every Engine Management System. This provides an equal load sharing between all modules.

2.12 Gas warning device

Function: The gas warning device continuously monitors the radiated air in the engine room and warns against gases which are injurious to persons’ health and against explosive gas concentrations. The measuring head (catalytic sensor) is attached on the covering or nearby the ground, dependent upon the gas source.

Scope of supply: • Alarm unit voltage: 24VDC • __ Gas sensor(s)

13.09.2017/PJ (BF78) JMS624GS-NL, H12, single circuit.docx Copyright ©(rg) established by authorized sales provider from GE Jenbacher GmbH & Co OG 36/40

2.13 Smoke warning device

Function: The smoke warning device in combination with the optical smoke detector (installed in the control room) and the thermal smoke detector (installed in the engine room) provide extensive early warning signal.

Design: The device has an optical display for alarm and operation. The smoke warning device is installed in a plastic housing.

Scope of supply: • Alarm unit voltage: 24 VDC • __ Smoke detector(s)

4.00 Delivery, installation and commissioning

4.01 Carriage According to contract.

4.02 Unloading Unloading, moving of equipment to point of installation, mounting and adjustment of delivered equipment on intended foundations is not included in GE Jenbacher scope of supply.

4.03 Assembly and installation Assembly and installation of all GE Jenbacher -components is not included in GE Jenbacher scope of supply.

4.04 Storage The customer is responsible for secure and appropriate storage of all delivered equipment.

4.05 Start-up and commissioning Start-up and commissioning with the GE Jenbacher start-up and commissioning checklist is not included. Plants with island operation require internet connection.

4.06 Trial run After start-up and commissioning, the plant will be tested in an 8-hour trial run. The operating personnel will be introduced simultaneously to basic operating procedures. Is not included in GE Jenbacher scope of supply.

4.07 Emission measurement (exhaust gas analyser) Emission measurement by GE Jenbacher personnel, to verify that the guaranteed toxic agent emissions have been achieved (costs for measurement by an independent agency will be an extra charge).

5.01 Limits of delivery

Electrical • Module:

13.09.2017/PJ (BF78) JMS624GS-NL, H12, single circuit.docx Copyright ©(rg) established by authorized sales provider from GE Jenbacher GmbH & Co OG 37/40

• At terminals of module interface panel • At terminals of generator terminal box (screwed glands to be provided locally) • Module control panel: At terminal strips • Auxiliaries: At terminals of equipment which is supplied separately

Warm water At inlet and outlet flanges at the module

Low temperature water At inlet and outlet flanges at the module

Exhaust gas At outlet flange of exhaust gas connection

Combustion air The air filters are set mounted

Fuel gas • At inlet and outlet flanges of gas train • At inlet flange of gas pipe work on module • At outlet flange of the pre-chamber gas train • At inlet flange of pre-chamber gas pipe work on module • At connection for boost pressure compensation on module • At connection for boost pressure compensation on gas pressure regulator of the pre-chamber gas train

Lube oil At lube oil connections on module

Draining connections and pressure relief At module

Insulation Insulation of heat exchangers and pipe work is not included in our scope of supply and must be provided locally.

First filling The first filling of module, (lube oil, engine jacket water, anti freeze-, anti corrosive agent, battery acid) is not included in our scope of supply.

The composition and quality of the used consumables are to be strictly monitored in accordance with the "Technical Instructions" of GE JENBACHER

Suitable bellows and flexible connections must be provided locally for all connections. Cables from the module must be flexible.

5.02 Factory tests and inspections

13.09.2017/PJ (BF78) JMS624GS-NL, H12, single circuit.docx Copyright ©(rg) established by authorized sales provider from GE Jenbacher GmbH & Co OG 38/40

The individual module components shall undergo the following tests and inspections:

5.02.01 Engine tests Carried out as combined Engine- and Module test according to DIN ISO 3046 at GE Jenbacher test bench. The following tests are made at 100%, 75% and 50% load, and the results are reported in a test certificate: • Engine output • Fuel consumption • Jacket water temperatures • Lube oil pressure • Lube oil temperatures • Boost pressure • Exhaust gas temperatures, for each cylinder

5.02.02 Generator tests Carried out on test bench of the generator supplier.

5.02.03 Module tests The engine will be tested with natural gas (methane number 94). The performance data achieved at the test bench may therefore vary from the data as defined in the technical specification due to differences in fuel gas quality. Carried out as combined Engine- and Module test commonly with module control panel at GE Jenbacher test bench, according to ISO 8528, DIN 6280. The following tests are made and the results are reported in a test certificate: Visual inspection of scope of supply per specifications. • Functional tests per technical specification of control system. • Starting in manual and automatic mode of operation • Power control in manual and automatic mode of operation • Function of all safety systems on module • Measurements at 100%, 75% and 50% load: • Frequency • Voltage • Current • Generator output • Power factor • Fuel consumption • Lube oil pressure • Jacket water temperature • Boost pressure • Mixture temperature • Exhaust emission (NOx)

The module test for operating frequenzy 50 Hz and 6,3-6,6kV / 10,5kV-11kV will be carried out with the original generator, except it is not possible because of the delivery date. Then a test generator will be used for the module test. To prove characteristics of the above components, which are not tested on the test bench by GE JENBACHER, the manufacturers’ certificate will be provided.

5.03 Documentation

13.09.2017/PJ (BF78) JMS624GS-NL, H12, single circuit.docx Copyright ©(rg) established by authorized sales provider from GE Jenbacher GmbH & Co OG 39/40

Preliminary documentation 60 days after receipt of a technically and commercially clarified order: • Module drawing 1) • Technical diagram 1) • Drawing of control panel 3) • List of electrical interfaces 2) • Technical specification of control system 2) • Technical drawing auxiliaries (if included in GE Jenbacher-limit of delivery) 1)

At delivery: • Wiring diagrams 3) • Cable list 3)

At start-up and commissioning (or on clients request): • Operating and maintenance manual 4) • Spare parts manual 4) • Operation report log 4)

Available Languages 1) DEU, GBR 2) DEU, GBR, FRA, ITA, ESP 3) DEU, GBR, FRA, ITA, ESP, NLD, HUN, RUS, POL, TUR, CZE 4) DEU, GBR, FRA, ITA, ESP, NLD, HUN, RUS, POL, TUR, CZE, SLOWEN, SLOWAK, SERB, SCHWED, ROM, PRT, NORWEG, LITAU, LETT, BULGAR, CHINA, DNK, ESTN, FIN, GRC, KROAT

13.09.2017/PJ (BF78) JMS624GS-NL, H12, single circuit.docx Copyright ©(rg) established by authorized sales provider from GE Jenbacher GmbH & Co OG 40/40 Emission Data Sheet

Printed by : Thaler, Helmut Printed on : 7/16/2018 10:20:48 AM Product Program: PP2018 Valid until : 12/31/2018 12:00:00 AM

Engine Type: J624 GS BMEP [bar] : 24 Engine Version: J624 GS-H-12 RPM [1/min] : 1500 Fuel Gas : Natural Gas (MN 70)

ppm-Dry mg/Nm³ g/bhp-hr g/kWh(mech) g/GJ(th) kg/hr lbs/hr tons/yr (short) @5%O2-Dry NOx 76 250 0.47 0.63 78 2.8 6.3 27 CO 527 1050 2 2.6 329 12 26 115 CO - Without After treatment system by GE Jenbacher, only as guiding value for information

Theoretical wet exhaust composition under assumption of 100 % fuel conversion vol.% g/bhp-hr g/kWh(mech) g/GJ(th) kg/hr lbs/hr CO2 5.2 340 456 56726 2051 4529 O2 9.9 N2 74.3 Ar 0.9 H2O 9.7 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

APPENDIX D

Stack Emission Model Outputs –

NO2 Contour Plots: Human Health

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Di: Long-term NO2 Process Contributions 2015:

(assumes 70% NOx to NO2 conversion; 2500 hours per annum operation) Where 0.2 represent the 0.2 µg/m3 Process Contribution; equal to 1% of AQAL following rounding; 0.6 µg/m3 represents 2%, 2.2 µg/m3 represents 6% etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Dii: Long-term NO2 Process Contributions 2016:

(assumes 70% NOx to NO2 conversion; 2500 hours per annum operation) Where 0.2 represent the 0.2 µg/m3 Process Contribution; equal to 1% of AQAL following rounding; 0.6 µg/m3 represents 2%, 2.2 µg/m3 represents 6% etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Diii: Long-term NO2 Process Contributions 2017:

(assumes 70% NOx to NO2 conversion; 2500 hours per annum operation) Where 0.2 represent the 0.2 µg/m3 Process Contribution; equal to 1% of AQAL following rounding; 0.6 µg/m3 represents 2%, 2.2 µg/m3 represents 6% etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Div: Long-term NO2 Process Contributions 2018:

(assumes 70% NOx to NO2 conversion; 2500 hours per annum operation) Where 0.2 represent the 0.2 µg/m3 Process Contribution; equal to 1% of AQAL following rounding; 0.6 µg/m3 represents 2%, 2.2 µg/m3 represents 6% etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Dv: Long-term NO2 Process Contributions 2019:

(assumes 70% NOx to NO2 conversion; 2500 hours per annum operation) Where 0.2 represent the 0.2 µg/m3 Process Contribution; equal to 1% of AQAL following rounding; 0.6 µg/m3 represents 2%, 2.2 µg/m3 represents 6% etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Dvi: Short-Term NO2 Process Contributions 2015:

(assumes 35% NOx to NO2 conversion; 8,760 hours per annum operation) Where 20 ug/m3 represents 10% of AQAL etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Dvii: Short-Term NO2 Process Contributions 2016:

(assumes 35% NOx to NO2 conversion; 8,760 hours per annum operation) Where 20 ug/m3 represents 10% of AQAL etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Dviii: Short-Term NO2 Process Contributions 2017:

(assumes 35% NOx to NO2 conversion; 8,760 hours per annum operation) Where 20 ug/m3 represents 10% of AQAL etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Dix: Short-Term NO2 Process Contributions 2018:

(assumes 35% NOx to NO2 conversion; 8,760 hours per annum operation) Where 20 ug/m3 represents 10% of AQAL etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Dx: Short-Term NO2 Process Contributions 2019:

(assumes 35% NOx to NO2 conversion; 8,760 hours per annum operation) Where 20 ug/m3 represents 10% of AQAL etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

APPENDIX E

Stack Emission Model Outputs –

NOx Contour Plots: Ecological

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Ei: Long-Term NOx Process Contributions 2015: (assumes 2,500 hours per annum operation) Where 0.3 µg/m3 represents 1% of AQAL etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Eii: Long-Term NOx Process Contributions 2016: (assumes 2,500 hours per annum operation) Where 0.3 µg/m3 represents 1% of AQAL etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Eiii: Long-Term NOx Process Contributions 2017: (assumes 2,500 hours per annum operation) Where 0.3 µg/m3 represents 1% of AQAL etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Eiv: Long-Term NOx Process Contributions 2018: (assumes 2,500 hours per annum operation) Where 0.3 µg/m3 represents 1% of AQAL etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

Ordnance Survey. ©Crown Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Licence number 100022432

Appendix Ev: Long-Term NOx Process Contributions 2019: (assumes 2,500 hours per annum operation) Where 0.3 µg/m3 represents 1% of AQAL etc

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy Air Quality Assessment

APPENDIX F

Stack Emission Model Outputs – Detailed Results

Smith Grant LLP R2746C-R01-v3 Environmental Consultancy 07.04.2020 R2746C Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy, Wrexham Maximum Process Contributions at Each Modelled Receptor: Human Health Maximums across 5 years modelled met data

Long‐Term Short‐Term 4 NO2 NO2 CO Results Assessment Results Assessment Results Assessment

Receptor Background PEC IAQM Impact PC % PEC name X(m) Y(m) Z(m) Process Contribution (PC) PC % AQAL (Defra) PEC %AQAL Descriptor Process Contribution (PC) AQAL PEC %AQAL PC PC % AQAL 1 2 3 4 1 5 6 7 NO2 NO2 NO2 (rounded) NO2 NO2 (rounded) NO2 NO2 (rounded) NO2 (rounded) CO (rounded) µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 8hr rolling annual annual annual annual annual annual mean mean mean mean annual mean mean mean annual mean mean (P100) 329500 348500 R1 329135.2 348272.5 0 4.12847 2.89 0.82 2 4.63 5.45 14 negligible 125.079 43.78 22 53.04 27 0.55 5 R2 329195.4 348258.5 0 4.49075 3.14 0.90 2 4.63 5.53 14 negligible 136.659 47.83 24 57.09 29 0.55 5 R3 329219.4 348248.6 0 4.52071 3.16 0.90 2 4.63 5.53 14 negligible 131.462 46.01 23 55.27 28 0.54 5 R4 329231.3 348243.8 0 4.52228 3.17 0.90 2 4.63 5.53 14 negligible 130.733 45.76 23 55.02 28 0.54 5 R5 329238.6 348242.1 0 4.53753 3.18 0.91 2 4.63 5.54 14 negligible 132.859 46.50 23 55.76 28 0.54 5 R6 329252.5 348236 0 4.51688 3.16 0.90 2 4.63 5.53 14 negligible 134.1 46.94 23 56.20 28 0.52 5 R7 329229.9 348270.4 0 4.94389 3.46 0.99 2 4.63 5.62 14 negligible 140.47 49.16 25 58.42 29 0.58 6 R8 329264.1 348231.3 0 4.50005 3.15 0.90 2 4.63 5.53 14 negligible 131.336 45.97 23 55.23 28 0.49 5 R9 329283.1 348220.5 0 4.41659 3.09 0.88 2 4.63 5.51 14 negligible 129.369 45.28 23 54.54 27 0.51 5 R10 329309.5 348212.5 0 4.39663 3.08 0.88 2 4.63 5.51 14 negligible 126.269 44.19 22 53.45 27 0.51 5 R11 329583.3 348234.9 0 7.41388 5.19 1.48 4 4.63 6.11 15 negligible 135.561 47.45 24 56.71 28 0.60 6 R12 329587 348223.2 0 7.07106 4.95 1.41 4 4.63 6.04 15 negligible 131.788 46.13 23 55.39 28 0.58 6 R13 329604.5 348206.6 0 6.72589 4.71 1.34 3 4.63 5.97 15 negligible 124.936 43.73 22 52.99 26 0.56 6 R14 329558.5 348108.4 0 4.2356 2.96 0.85 2 4.63 5.48 14 negligible 103.409 36.19 18 45.45 23 0.41 4 R15 329601.3 348096.2 0 4.26529 2.99 0.85 2 4.63 5.48 14 negligible 98.3128 34.41 17 43.67 22 0.40 4 R16 329588.9 348067.7 0 3.8518 2.70 0.77 2 4.63 5.40 13 negligible 93.5641 32.75 16 42.01 21 0.37 4 R17 329617.4 348058.7 0 3.84398 2.69 0.77 2 4.63 5.40 13 negligible 91.7205 32.10 16 41.36 21 0.37 4 R18 329491.4 348072.1 0 3.3939 2.38 0.68 2 4.63 5.31 13 negligible 91.9008 32.17 16 41.43 21 0.39 4 R19 329488 348047.9 0 3.13569 2.19 0.63 2 4.63 5.26 13 negligible 86.7427 30.36 15 39.62 20 0.37 4 R20 329879.9 348714.7 0 12.2144 8.55 2.44 6 4.63 7.07 18 slight 155.151 54.30 27 63.56 32 0.57 6 R21 329103.7 348974.1 0 7.35093 5.15 1.47 4 4.63 6.10 15 negligible 125.817 44.04 22 53.30 27 0.48 5 R22 329110.9 348953.4 0 7.73663 5.42 1.55 4 4.63 6.18 15 negligible 134.449 47.06 24 56.32 28 0.51 5 R23 329540.7 348004 0 3.06879 2.15 0.61 2 4.63 5.24 13 negligible 83.577 29.25 15 38.51 19 0.32 3 R24 329492.8 348020.1 0 2.93114 2.05 0.59 1 4.63 5.22 13 negligible 82.4632 28.86 14 38.12 19 0.35 3 329500 349500 R25 329505.5 349377.3 0 4.985 3.49 1.00 2 4.55 5.55 14 negligible 87.7194 30.70 15 39.80 20 0.37 4 R26 329178.4 349460.8 0 4.22998 2.96 0.85 2 4.55 5.40 13 negligible 78.3783 27.43 14 36.53 18 0.29 3 R27 329619.2 349971 0 2.58901 1.81 0.52 1 4.55 5.07 13 negligible 67.8105 23.73 12 32.83 16 0.20 2 R28 329875.6 349990.2 0 2.20977 1.55 0.44 1 4.55 4.99 12 negligible 62.2425 21.78 11 30.88 15 0.23 2 330500 349500 R29 330626.3 349233.9 0 2.33472 1.63 0.47 1 7.67 8.14 20 negligible 48.1665 16.86 8 32.20 16 0.19 2 R30 330650.6 349212.5 0 2.35074 1.65 0.47 1 7.67 8.14 20 negligible 49.723 17.40 9 32.74 16 0.18 2 R31 330663.9 349193.2 0 2.38679 1.67 0.48 1 7.67 8.15 20 negligible 50.1582 17.56 9 32.90 16 0.17 2 R32 330711.7 349104.4 0 2.5749 1.80 0.51 1 7.67 8.18 20 negligible 52.5286 18.39 9 33.73 17 0.18 2 R33 330782.1 349163.5 0 2.31586 1.62 0.46 1 7.67 8.13 20 negligible 49.4444 17.31 9 32.65 16 0.17 2

Smith Grant LLP R2746C‐App E Environmental Consultancy April 2020 R2746C Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy, Wrexham Maximum Process Contributions at Each Modelled Receptor: Human Health Maximums across 5 years modelled met data

Long‐Term Short‐Term 4 NO2 NO2 CO Results Assessment Results Assessment Results Assessment

Receptor Background PEC IAQM Impact PC % PEC name X(m) Y(m) Z(m) Process Contribution (PC) PC % AQAL (Defra) PEC %AQAL Descriptor Process Contribution (PC) AQAL PEC %AQAL PC PC % AQAL 1 2 3 4 1 5 6 7 NO2 NO2 NO2 (rounded) NO2 NO2 (rounded) NO2 NO2 (rounded) NO2 (rounded) CO (rounded) µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 8hr rolling annual annual annual annual annual annual mean mean mean mean annual mean mean mean annual mean mean (P100) 330500 348500 R34 330815.4 348984.7 0 2.76359 1.93 0.55 1 7.87 8.42 21 negligible 57.1147 19.99 10 35.73 18 0.21 2 R35 330845.9 348945.5 0 2.81169 1.97 0.56 1 7.87 8.43 21 negligible 58.5385 20.49 10 36.23 18 0.20 2 R36 330898.2 348241.7 0 2.11696 1.48 0.42 1 7.87 8.29 21 negligible 59.7934 20.93 10 36.67 18 0.27 3 R37 330847.1 348215.6 0 2.08559 1.46 0.42 1 7.87 8.29 21 negligible 62.0899 21.73 11 37.47 19 0.25 3 R38 330876.6 348188.7 0 1.9956 1.40 0.40 1 7.87 8.27 21 negligible 60.1201 21.04 11 36.78 18 0.24 2 R39 330862.1 348157.2 0 1.93447 1.35 0.39 1 7.87 8.26 21 negligible 56.7024 19.85 10 35.59 18 0.22 2 R45 330263.9 348068.9 0 2.96857 2.08 0.59 1 7.87 8.46 21 negligible 65.2348 22.83 11 38.57 19 0.26 3 330500 347500 R40 330678 347903.8 0 1.87469 1.31 0.37 1 6.92 7.29 18 negligible 54.3769 19.03 10 32.87 16 0.24 2 R41 330644.4 347846.8 0 1.87564 1.31 0.37 1 6.92 7.29 18 negligible 53.3137 18.66 9 32.50 16 0.26 3 R42 330589.2 347797.3 0 1.89787 1.33 0.38 1 6.92 7.30 18 negligible 56.3167 19.71 10 33.55 17 0.25 2 R43 330141.3 347813.8 0 2.43263 1.70 0.49 1 6.92 7.41 19 negligible 62.0377 21.71 11 35.55 18 0.25 2 R44 330130.4 347798.2 0 2.39338 1.68 0.48 1 6.92 7.40 18 negligible 61.0223 21.36 11 35.20 18 0.24 2 R46 330127.9 347708.8 0 2.12396 1.49 0.42 1 6.92 7.34 18 negligible 54.8372 19.19 10 33.03 17 0.20 2 R47 330201.8 347671.8 0 1.98657 1.39 0.40 1 6.92 7.32 18 negligible 52.2224 18.28 9 32.12 16 0.20 2 R48 330169.7 347716.4 0 2.12016 1.48 0.42 1 6.92 7.34 18 negligible 53.5787 18.75 9 32.59 16 0.21 2 R49 330222.6 347688.7 0 2.01418 1.41 0.40 1 6.92 7.32 18 negligible 53.9962 18.90 9 32.74 16 0.22 2 R50 330248.4 347634.2 0 1.87602 1.31 0.37 1 6.92 7.29 18 negligible 51.4019 17.99 9 31.83 16 0.20 2 R51 330278.2 347642.5 0 1.87747 1.31 0.38 1 6.92 7.30 18 negligible 52.6469 18.43 9 32.27 16 0.21 2 R52 330292.8 347604.1 0 1.79252 1.25 0.36 1 6.92 7.28 18 negligible 50.4224 17.65 9 31.49 16 0.20 2 R53 330319.9 347614.4 0 1.80038 1.26 0.36 1 6.92 7.28 18 negligible 52.435 18.35 9 32.19 16 0.21 2 R54 330314.2 347510.4 0 1.62468 1.14 0.32 1 6.92 7.24 18 negligible 48.6765 17.04 9 30.88 15 0.17 2 R55 330304.2 347470.7 0 1.57416 1.10 0.31 1 6.92 7.23 18 negligible 49.1856 17.21 9 31.05 16 0.17 2 R56 330270.7 347439.2 0 1.54451 1.08 0.31 1 6.92 7.23 18 negligible 45.6268 15.97 8 29.81 15 0.18 2 R57 330253.8 347392.8 0 1.49081 1.04 0.30 1 6.92 7.22 18 negligible 45.6235 15.97 8 29.81 15 0.18 2 R58 330242.8 347353.1 0 1.4452 1.01 0.29 1 6.92 7.21 18 negligible 45.2983 15.85 8 29.69 15 0.17 2 R59 330229.8 347280.4 0 1.35918 0.95 0.27 1 6.92 7.19 18 negligible 45.499 15.92 8 29.76 15 0.16 2 R60 330228 347179.8 0 1.23675 0.87 0.25 1 6.92 7.17 18 negligible 45.0976 15.78 8 29.62 15 0.16 2 R61 330197.9 347106.5 0 1.13506 0.79 0.23 1 6.92 7.15 18 negligible 40.6778 14.24 7 28.08 14 0.15 1 R62 329520.8 347991.7 0 2.8747 2.01 0.57 1 6.92 7.49 19 negligible 80.4269 28.15 14 41.99 21 0.33 3 R63 329523.9 347970.3 0 2.73658 1.92 0.55 1 6.92 7.47 19 negligible 77.8955 27.26 14 41.10 21 0.32 3 R64 329524.6 347947.3 0 2.58586 1.81 0.52 1 6.92 7.44 19 negligible 75.2973 26.35 13 40.19 20 0.31 3 R65 329511.5 347924.9 0 2.38821 1.67 0.48 1 6.92 7.40 18 negligible 71.309 24.96 12 38.80 19 0.29 3 R66 329535.8 347888.7 0 2.29361 1.61 0.46 1 6.92 7.38 18 negligible 67.9501 23.78 12 37.62 19 0.27 3 R67 329382.7 347883 0 1.94812 1.36 0.39 1 6.92 7.31 18 negligible 67.4748 23.62 12 37.46 19 0.27 3 R68 329333.2 347726.5 0 1.44668 1.01 0.29 1 6.92 7.21 18 negligible 54.2596 18.99 9 32.83 16 0.23 2 R69 329283.1 347725.1 0 1.41406 0.99 0.28 1 6.92 7.20 18 negligible 54.1593 18.96 9 32.80 16 0.21 2 R70 329265.2 347695.7 0 1.35059 0.95 0.27 1 6.92 7.19 18 negligible 51.3562 17.97 9 31.81 16 0.20 2

Smith Grant LLP R2746C‐App E Environmental Consultancy April 2020 R2746C Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy, Wrexham Maximum Process Contributions at Each Modelled Receptor: Human Health Maximums across 5 years modelled met data

Long‐Term Short‐Term 4 NO2 NO2 CO Results Assessment Results Assessment Results Assessment

Receptor Background PEC IAQM Impact PC % PEC name X(m) Y(m) Z(m) Process Contribution (PC) PC % AQAL (Defra) PEC %AQAL Descriptor Process Contribution (PC) AQAL PEC %AQAL PC PC % AQAL 1 2 3 4 1 5 6 7 NO2 NO2 NO2 (rounded) NO2 NO2 (rounded) NO2 NO2 (rounded) NO2 (rounded) CO (rounded) µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 8hr rolling annual annual annual annual annual annual mean mean mean mean annual mean mean mean annual mean mean (P100) R71 329218.8 347681 0 1.30874 0.92 0.26 1 6.92 7.18 18 negligible 51.6386 18.07 9 31.91 16 0.21 2 R72 329224.3 347627.2 0 1.22843 0.86 0.25 1 6.92 7.17 18 negligible 50.1453 17.55 9 31.39 16 0.20 2 R73 329136.9 347740.4 0 1.38867 0.97 0.28 1 6.92 7.20 18 negligible 49.9546 17.48 9 31.32 16 0.20 2 R74 329066.3 347761.2 0 1.41391 0.99 0.28 1 6.92 7.20 18 negligible 51.4197 18.00 9 31.84 16 0.21 2 R75 329042.4 347773 0 1.4327 1.00 0.29 1 6.92 7.21 18 negligible 51.4916 18.02 9 31.86 16 0.22 2 R76 329030.7 347039.7 0 0.658768 0.46 0.13 0 6.92 7.05 18 negligible 33.6285 11.77 6 25.61 13 0.11 1 R77 329122.1 347061.4 0 0.686311 0.48 0.14 0 6.92 7.06 18 negligible 34.6281 12.12 6 25.96 13 0.12 1 R78 329140.5 347038.5 0 0.678005 0.47 0.14 0 6.92 7.06 18 negligible 32.9652 11.54 6 25.38 13 0.12 1 R79 329186.6 347039.6 0 0.686144 0.48 0.14 0 6.92 7.06 18 negligible 32.6475 11.43 6 25.27 13 0.12 1 R80 329489.4 347097.3 0 0.763327 0.53 0.15 0 6.92 7.07 18 negligible 33.5132 11.73 6 25.57 13 0.13 1 R81 329678.6 347136.1 0 0.863155 0.60 0.17 0 6.92 7.09 18 negligible 35.9992 12.60 6 26.44 13 0.13 1 R82 329793.8 347257.7 0 1.08667 0.76 0.22 1 6.92 7.14 18 negligible 38.516 13.48 7 27.32 14 0.15 1 R83 328796.4 347736.7 0 1.12807 0.79 0.23 1 6.92 7.15 18 negligible 44.0576 15.42 8 29.26 15 0.17 2 R84 328614.6 347851.8 0 0.999535 0.70 0.20 0 6.92 7.12 18 negligible 40.1731 14.06 7 27.90 14 0.17 2 R85 328676.8 347699.2 0 0.95113 0.67 0.19 0 6.92 7.11 18 negligible 40.6716 14.24 7 28.08 14 0.13 1 R86 328401.6 347681.7 0 0.705355 0.49 0.14 0 6.92 7.06 18 negligible 32.2411 11.28 6 25.12 13 0.15 2 R87 328304.8 348288.9 0 0.83541 0.58 0.17 0 6.92 7.09 18 negligible 35.0487 12.27 6 26.11 13 0.12 1 R88 328356.3 348219.8 0 0.863789 0.60 0.17 0 6.92 7.09 18 negligible 36.773 12.87 6 26.71 13 0.13 1 R89 328448.6 348278.7 0 1.03913 0.73 0.21 1 6.92 7.13 18 negligible 41.8989 14.66 7 28.50 14 0.14 1 328500 348500 R90 328928.8 348288 0 2.62511 1.84 0.52 1 4.15 4.67 12 negligible 91.2964 31.95 16 40.25 20 0.34 3 R91 328785.5 348564 0 2.43166 1.70 0.49 1 4.15 4.64 12 negligible 81.232 28.43 14 36.73 18 0.30 3 R92 328697.5 348844.6 0 1.79567 1.26 0.36 1 4.15 4.51 11 negligible 61.3353 21.47 11 29.77 15 0.29 3 R93 328720.5 348925 0 2.04395 1.43 0.41 1 4.15 4.56 11 negligible 61.6143 21.57 11 29.87 15 0.23 2 R94 328371.6 348974.9 0 0.986648 0.69 0.20 0 4.15 4.35 11 negligible 42.031 14.71 7 23.01 12 0.14 1

Smith Grant LLP R2746C‐App E Environmental Consultancy April 2020 R2746C Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy, Wrexham Maximum Process Contributions at Each Modelled Receptor: Human Health Maximums across 5 years modelled met data

Long‐Term Short‐Term 4 NO2 NO2 CO Results Assessment Results Assessment Results Assessment

Receptor Background PEC IAQM Impact PC % PEC name X(m) Y(m) Z(m) Process Contribution (PC) PC % AQAL (Defra) PEC %AQAL Descriptor Process Contribution (PC) AQAL PEC %AQAL PC PC % AQAL 1 2 3 4 1 5 6 7 NO2 NO2 NO2 (rounded) NO2 NO2 (rounded) NO2 NO2 (rounded) NO2 (rounded) CO (rounded) µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 8hr rolling annual annual annual annual annual annual mean mean mean mean annual mean mean mean annual mean mean (P100) 328500 349500 R95 328524.8 349134.4 0 1.41474 0.99 0.28 1 4.14 4.42 11 negligible 54.7511 19.16 10 27.44 14 0.19 2 329500 349500 R96 329258.3 347011 0 0.682926 0.48 0.14 0 4.55 4.69 12 negligible 32.2589 11.29 6 20.39 10 0.14 1 331500 348500 0 R97 331379.1 348669.7 0 2.11272 1.48 0.42 1 7.95 8.37 21 negligible 55.8299 19.54 10 35.44 18 0.19 2

max 12.21 8.55 2.44 6 7.95 8.46 21 155.15 54.30 27.00 63.56 31.78 0.60

1: assumes 100% modelled NOx to NO2 conversion; 8,760 hours per annum operation 2: assumes 70% modelled NOx to NO2 conversion; assumes 8,760 hours per annum operation 3: assumes 70% modelled NO2 to NO2 conversion; assumes 2,500 hours per annum operation 4: Defra predicted background concentration for grid square in which receptor located 5: assumes 35% modelled NOx to NO2 conversion; assumes 8,760 hours per annum operation 6: caculated using 2 x BG where BG is Defra predicted background for grid square in which receptor located 7: assumes 100% modelled CO; 8,760 hours per annum operation

Smith Grant LLP R2746C‐App E Environmental Consultancy April 2020 R2746C Proposed Energy Generation Facility, Legacy, Wrexham Maximum Process Contributions at Each Modelled Receptor: Ecological Maximums across 5 years modelled met data

Long‐term Short‐Term Process Receptor PC PEC Contributions PC PEC name X(m) Y(m) Z(m) Process Contributions%AQAL BC PEC %AQAL (PC) %AQAL BC PEC %AQAL 1 2 3 1 4 NOx NOx NOx NOx NOx µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 annual annual annual P100, daily mean mean mean mean (24 hr) International Sites Berwyn & South Clwyd Mountains SAC E1 327107 350698 0 0.22 0.06 0 8.28 8.34 28 5.10 2.6 9.8 14.9 20 E2 327179 350386 0 0.23 0.07 0 8.28 8.35 28 5.73 2.9 9.8 15.5 21 E3 327224 349828 0 0.24 0.07 0 8.28 8.35 28 4.72 2.4 9.8 14.5 19 E4 327133 349607 0 0.22 0.06 0 8.28 8.34 28 4.56 2.3 9.8 14.3 19 E5 327036 349348 0 0.19 0.05 0 8.28 8.33 28 3.72 1.9 9.8 13.5 18 E6 326935 349101 0 0.17 0.05 0 8.28 8.33 28 3.50 1.8 9.8 13.3 18 E7 326739 347917 0 0.17 0.05 0 8.28 8.33 28 4.06 2.0 9.8 13.8 18 E8 326312 346947 0 0.13 0.04 0 8.28 8.32 28 4.98 2.5 9.8 14.7 20 E9 326205 346394 0 0.12 0.04 0 8.28 8.32 28 3.08 1.5 9.8 12.8 17 E10 325886 350758 0 0.13 0.04 0 8.28 8.32 28 5.39 2.7 9.8 15.2 20 E11 325813 349734 0 0.11 0.03 0 8.28 8.31 28 6.87 3.4 9.8 16.6 22 E12 325740 348491 0 0.12 0.03 0 8.28 8.31 28 9.48 4.7 9.8 19.2 26 E13 325703 346699 0 0.10 0.03 0 8.28 8.31 28 5.02 2.5 9.8 14.8 20 E14 324899 350721 0 0.09 0.03 0 8.28 8.31 28 4.11 2.1 9.8 13.9 19 E15 324862 349515 0 0.08 0.02 0 8.28 8.30 28 5.12 2.6 9.8 14.9 20 E16 324789 348016 0 0.09 0.03 0 8.28 8.31 28 8.75 4.4 9.8 18.5 25 E17 324789 346041 0 0.08 0.02 0 8.28 8.30 28 7.16 3.6 9.8 16.9 23 Johnstown Newt Site SAC E18 329858 346241 0 0.44 0.13 0 13.98 14.11 47 9.41 4.7 16.5 25.9 35 E19 330992 347045 0 0.99 0.28 1 13.98 14.26 48 12.12 6.1 16.5 28.6 38 River Dee & Bala Lake SAC E20 324430 341692 0 0.07 0.02 0 1.44 0.7 E21 326872 342075 0 0.11 0.03 0 3.10 1.5 E22 329254 342065 0 0.14 0.04 0 2.56 1.3 E23 333532 340703 0 0.16 0.05 0 3.20 1.6 E24 335813 341238 0 0.17 0.05 0 2.38 1.2 E25 335924 344104 0 0.22 0.06 0 2.66 1.3 E26 337296 344780 0 0.17 0.05 0 2.34 1.2 Midland Meres & Mosses Phase 2 SAC E27 335893 353966 0 0.15 0.04 0 2.04 1.0 max 0.99 0.28 1 12.12 6.06 Other National / Local Sites Legacy Sub‐station LWS E28 329318 348665 0 18.03 5.15 17.2 7.9 269.81 134.9 9.3 279.1 140 E29 329409 348693 0 53.19 15.18 50.6 7.9 381.15 190.6 9.3 390.5 195 E30 329533 348684 0 44.11 12.59 42.0 7.9 261.74 130.9 9.3 271.1 136 E31 329601 348578 0 29.34 8.37 27.9 7.9 208.31 104.2 9.3 217.6 109

Smith Grant LLP R2746C‐App E Environmental Consultancy April 2020 Long‐term Short‐Term Process Receptor PC PEC Contributions PC PEC name X(m) Y(m) Z(m) Process Contributions%AQAL BC PEC %AQAL (PC) %AQAL BC PEC %AQAL 1 2 3 1 4 NOx NOx NOx NOx NOx µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 annual annual annual P100, daily mean mean mean mean (24 hr) E32 329604 348494 0 21.88 6.24 20.8 7.9 153.84 76.9 9.3 163.2 82 E33 329328 348364 0 8.07 2.30 7.7 7.9 140.30 70.1 9.3 149.6 75 E34 329340 348273 0 5.74 1.64 5.5 7.9 108.16 54.1 9.3 117.5 59 E35 329489 348286 0 7.66 2.19 7.3 7.9 107.15 53.6 9.3 116.5 58 Bronwylfa Wood LWS E36 328695 348284 0 1.64 0.47 1.6 34.25 17.1 E37 328381 348278 0 0.93 0.27 0.9 19.27 9.6 E38 328197 348268 0 0.71 0.20 0.7 14.71 7.4 E39 327980 348188 0 0.53 0.15 0.5 11.09 5.5 E40 327672 348212 0 0.40 0.11 0.4 8.73 4.4 Crematorium LWS E41 329565 348041 0 3.50 1.00 3.3 50.13 25.1 E42 329783 347914 0 3.06 0.87 2.9 40.50 20.3 E43 329910 347973 0 3.52 1.00 3.3 34.65 17.3 E44 329923 347849 0 2.78 0.79 2.6 32.73 16.4 Nant Mill Grasslands LWS E45 329729 349418 0 3.67 1.05 3.5 30.33 15.2 E46 329527 349500 0 4.04 1.15 3.8 48.24 24.1 E47 329381 349642 0 3.57 1.02 3.4 50.70 25.4 Big Wood LWS E48 328921 350013 0 1.97 0.56 1.9 20.25 10.1 E49 329002 350016 0 2.11 0.60 2.0 22.70 11.4 E50 329117 350072 0 2.14 0.61 2.0 22.07 11.0 E51 329204 349811 0 2.79 0.80 2.7 25.51 12.8 E52 329095 349649 0 3.16 0.90 3.0 31.51 15.8 E53 329403 349780 0 3.06 0.87 2.9 41.87 20.9 E54 329677 349631 0 3.24 0.93 3.1 38.81 19.4 E55 330025 349494 0 2.45 0.70 2.3 24.94 12.5 E56 330482 349342 0 2.27 0.65 2.2 16.99 8.5 max 53.19 15.18 50.60 381.15 190.57 All concentrations are µg/m3 unless staated otherwise 1: 100% modelled NOx to NO2 conversion; 8,760 hours per annum operation 2: 100% modelled NOx; assumes 2,500 hours per annum operation 3: Defra predicted background concentration for grid square in which receptor located 4: caculated using (2 x BG) x 0.59 where BG is Defra predicted background for grid square in which receptor located

Smith Grant LLP R2746C‐App E Environmental Consultancy April 2020