FELLOWS, FALLOWES, FELLOW AND LIKE NAMES
Fellows Ance~try in New England and Old England
With Data on English Origins of Fallowes, Fellowes, Followes, Fellow, Followe, Faleyse, Pallas, Felice, Felix, Fells, Fell, Fylot, Fylowe, Valeys, Goodfellow, Longfellow
I½ LOUIS DOW SCISCO
TOBIAS A. WRIGHT FRINTER AND PlJBLISHER NEW YORK
CONTENTS PAGE Foreword 5 Fellows in New England 9 Fellowes in Old England 24 Fellowes in southern England 25 Fellowes in central England 29 Fallowes 32 Fall owes in central England 33 Fallowes in northern England 40 Fallowes in southern England 41 Felagh-Felawe-Fellow . 44 Fellow in western England . 45 Fellow in central England . 52 Fellow in eastern England . 57 Fellow miscellany 69 Compounded surnames 72 De Faleyse . 76 Fallas . 84 Felice and Felys . 87 Felix 95 Fells 98 Followe . 106 Filiot and Fylot . • 108
3
FOREWORD
In modern life the place of the ancient bard who sang the glories of family lines has been taken over by the genealogist, who records more prosaically, but doubtless more truthfully, the memory of the forefathers of the race. Few of the earlier families of New England are now without something in the way of printed record of their descent, which all may read. The Fellows family, in this respect, has been unfortunate. But if so, it is not because there have been no students of its kinships. One of the earliest of American genealogists was Elnathan Fellows of Connecticut. At some time about the close of the eighteenth century he brought together a fairly complete re cord of the Connecticut descendants of William Fellows of Ipswich, among whose numbers he was included. He was said to have been deeply interested in his quest. In his day, however, family histories were not being published, and his work never reached a printed page. Perhaps his collections are still treasured in some old Connecticut home. Years later a grandnephew of Elnathan Fellows felt the spirit of research descend upon him. Gideon E. S. Fellows, a native of New York state, born in 1808, obtained access to the records of Elnathan Fellows and copied largely from them. Thereafter, for many years, he added to the material by cor respondence. In early manhood he made his home in southern Wisconsin and there spent the rest of his life. In that home, the present writer, his grandnephew, was privileged many years ago to examine his collections and to draft from them some notes about Fellows ancestors. Gideon Fellows never prepared his material for publication. His collections were pre served by him until his death in 1884; then they were put in
5 storage for some years while the widow was living. Of their ultimate fate the writer has not been able to obtain informa tion. Other hands of another generation next essayed the task of building Fellows genealogy. Charles Sumner Fellows, de scendant of Samuel of Salisbury, a native of :Maine but, in middle life and later, a resident of Minnesota, began many years ago to collect data of family descent and kindred. A little later the same line of research was taken up by George Marshall Fellows, descendant of William of Ipswich, native to New Hampshire but resident at Boston. These two worked separately for some years, but eventually their paths crossed, as was inevitable. Both were intensely interested in their sub ject, but neither saw fit to attempt publication, looking forward to completeness of results before announcement. Burdened by advancing years and ill health Charles S. Fellows about 1913 presented his collections to his contemporary worker and ceased further effort. He died in 1922 at Minneapolis. In his home at Boston, George M. Fellows arranged the combined collections and added to them as he could, but he, too, was near the end of active life. He died in 1917. After his death his family placed the collections in the custody of a genealogical society to await the hand of some future editor. The present writer desires here, as his own brief personal tribute, to express his grateful appreciation of friendly courtesies extended to hi_m in past years by both these gentlemen. The author of this booklet does not attempt a history of the Fellows family in America or elsewhere, but in anticipa tion of the day when some other hand shall prepare for print the future Fellows genealogy he offers the present material as a preface to that future work. It owes its existence to an argument many years ago in which the present writer ques tioned, and another defended, the reputed deriYation of the Fellows name from the word "fellow". In these pages have been assembled, with something of analysis and interpreta- 6 tion, such data as could be found concerning the history of the surname. :Moreover, it was found that the research was not a thing of simplicity, for there were other old English surnames which bore phonetic resemblance to that of Fellows, and which confused the search by that likeness. Hence the search was broadened to include others than the single surname which prompted it. To an extent therefore, this work is a con tribution also to the origins of a number of English families quite unrelated to that of Fellows. As a final word, it should perhaps be said plainly, that these notes assembled from English sources do not constitute pedi-. grees of the families concerned. They are exhibited here, as the evidence from which the writer draws the conclusions he has expressed. Quite naturally the genealogist always makes an effort to portray, in pedigree forni, the biological relation of individuals, _where it can be learned. The ancient yeoman families qf England, however, can rarely be recorded in such form. Source references to these family stocks are discon nected in the extreme. The modern genealogist finds such families shrouded in an obscurity from which at times indi viduals emerge in numbers sufficient to show the general existence of the family stocks, but not in numbers sufficient to establish pedigree connection. The writer, in this search of his for family origins, has perforce struggled with the problem of extracting genealogical conclusions from the disconnected data which cloak the history of yeoman stocks of former cen turies. In these notes he has worked out tentatively, a method of handling this troublesome material, which he offers as a suggestion to genealogists in general who deal with records re lating to family stocks existing before the year 1600. By this, or some like method, it will be found possible to obtain and marshall authentic facts in regard to the origin, social status, migrations, and vicissitudes of a family, without attempting the impossible feat of establishing a family pedigree.
7
FELLOWS IN NEW ENGLAND
The English surname Fellowes almost invariably takes the form Fellows in the United States. In this it follows the pre cedent set nearly three centuries ago by the town clerk of Ipswich, Mass., when he recorded in that form the puritan colonist who first bore the name in America. Massachusetts and other New England colonies were founded by English puritans in dissent from the established church of England. During a period of years from 1630 onward, because of the re pressive policy of the ruling group in England, puritan emi gration poured from the mother country in a broad stream bearing English households by thousands to new homes under more friendly rule. In that stream the ancestors of the Fel lows family came to New England. Like most of the other colon ists of that time they were from the yeoman class of old Eng land. Like most of the others who came they quickly fitted themselves to the conditions of an undeveloped country and wrested from it the beginnings of a modest prosperity. There were three pioneers of the Fellows name who came to New England from homes in southern Leicestershire. The fir:st was William Fellows, who appeared in 1639 at Ipswich, Mass. The second was Samuel Felloes, who appeared in 1641, at Salisbury, Mass. The third was Richard Fellowes, who appeared in 1643 at Hartford, Conn. Their surname, it will be noted, was spelled differently ill! their several locations. Such variation would seem to be evidence against any close kinship between the three pioneers, and there is nowhere in the colony records any recognition of kinship to one another by any of the three men. Evidence from another source, howev~r, indicates that such kinship existed. 9 The Moricke wiU.-John Moricke was a colonist of Hing ham, :Mass., He first appears in 1637 as grantee of town lands. Nothing is known of his life unless it was he who, as John Merrick, was appointed by the General Court in 1646 to be a local magistrate at Hingham. He died in 1647 at Hingham, leaving a widow and a son, recorded as John Merrick. The widow, Elizabef1 Moricke, soon removed from Hingham to Roxbury, where she acquired land and was living in De cember, 1649, when she sold her Hingham lands. In March, 1649-50, she made her will, and on August 25, 1650, she died at Roxbury. The executors named by her were Leonard Fel lowes of Great Bowden in southern Leicestershire, and Robert Hull, of Boston, Mass., formerly of Market Harborough, in southern Leicestershire. Her three principal legatees were William, Richard, and Samuel Fellows, sharing equally. Next to them was William Healy, whose land at Roxbury touched that of the testatrix and who perhaps may have been kin as well as neighbor to her. The clear implications of the will are that Elizabeth Moricke herself came from southern Leicester shire and that the three Fellows men were her nearest kin, probably brothers or nephews. This will of the widow Moricke stands as the sole record of the connection of the American Fellows stock with that of the English homeland. The Last Will & testamt of Elizabeth moricke I Elizabeth moricke widdow of Jn° morrecke deceased: of at Hingham Dwellinge in Roxbury; being in good & perfect memory & Through Gods 111.ercy Not deprived of my witt & sences Doe in this my Last Will & testamt take Robert Hull of Boston to be my executor And Leonerd f ellowes of Great Bowden in old England with him of my goods & chattles ; & also that I Doe give unto William ffellow . . . f record torn l of lpswidge tenn pounds: & to Richard fellow . . . f record torn l of Conecticot term pounds: & also to Samuel ff ellows of Salisbury tenn pound & to William healy of Roxbury I give eight pounds: to mr Eliot of Roxbury twenty shits & to mr Dan forth of Roxbury tenn shillings: to mr Hubbert the minister of Hingham tenn shillings : to Ann Hillard of Hingham : on shillinge & to John Seath on shilling & to Ann Scath on shillinge :1 & also I desire my Loving friends James Johnson & J n° Hull of Boston to over see this my Last will & I 10 give unto each one of them five shillings & to this I set my Hand this 14 of :March 1649: that eight pound bequest on the 9th Line is foure pound to himself & the other foure betweene the two eldest children of the sd william healy: Item I give to my sister grace Allam Linckchonshire five pound: the marke of Elizabeth moricke Witness hereunto R W Robt maker John Hulle filed 7 :7 :1650. An alleged ancestor.-In the year 1635 the ship "Planter", about to sail from London to New England, took on, among its many emigrants one William Felloe, shoemaker, whose previous home had been at St. Albans, Hertfordshire. The greatest of New England genealogists, James Savage, was misled by the close resemblance of family names and identi fied this emigrant with th~ colonist William Fellows of Ipswich. On the authority of Savage this identity has been many times reasserted by other writers who have had occasion to refer to the Ipswich family. It has not been overlooked, too, that the birth year of William Felloe, which was 1610 or 1611, agrees closely with that of William Fellows, who testi fied in 1659 that he was then about fifty years of age. Yet, there is probably no identity of the two. St. Albans lay close to those districts of Herts, Bucks, and Middlesex where the Fellow family stocks were long settled and widespread. Un doubtedly the emigrant of 1635 was one of that ilk, and not related to the Fellowes groups in England. William Fellowes of Ipswich is not known to have been in New England before 1639. William Felloe of St. Albans is not known to have ever been in New England. The Hertfordshire man may have died on his voyage, as did many emigrants; or he may have quickly returned to England, as did some would-be colonists; or, again, he may have passed on to the English colony of Barbadoes, where, as Hotten shows, one William Fellow died 11 and was buried in 1678. The passenger list that preserves the voyager's memory reads as follows: 2° Aprilis 1635. Theis under written names are to be transported to New England imbarqued in the Planter, Nie<> Trarice Mr bound thither the pties have brought Certificate from the Minister of St Albons in Hert fordshier and Attestacon from the Justices of peace according to the Lords Order . . . [here foll-ow names] . . . Willm Felloe Shoemaker ... 24 yeres. (New Eng. Hist. Gen. Reg., xiv, 304.) William Fellows of I ps'Wich.-The English emigrant William Fellows who located at Ipswich, Mass., is the first of the name who is traceable on American soil. He is the ances tor of the greater part of those in the United States who now bear the surname. There is no ship record of the coming of Fellows to New England. He first appears in the year 1639. Some time before this a townsman of Ipswich had died, leaving in his widow's hands several parcels of land. The widow after a time married a Salem man, who promptly sold off the Ipswich properties. Among the purchasers was William Fel lows who, about March 26, 1639, paid £20 for a six-acre piece. From this date the commonplace but creditable career of Good man Fellows, as he was called, can easily be traced in the town and county records. He was a husbandman by occupation and slowly added other parcels to his first land purchase. In 1654 he was a freeman of the colony, an honor conferred only on dependable colonists of good standing and correct puritan principles. In 1676 he died, leaving a large family and an estate amassed by steady thrift and industry. The identity of William Fellows' wife is nowhere directly stated in the colonial records. In 1672 one Mary Fellows was a witness at county court. At this date William's daughter Mary had recently changed her surname by marriage, and his daughter-in-law Mary had recently died. Genealogists as sume, therefore, that the witness was his wife, whose Chris tian name is thus revealed. Another indirect ref ere nee is be lieved to reveal her surname. In 1661 William Fellows and 12 John Ayres joined in a petition to county court on behalf of the minor children of "our sister" Sarah Hartshorne, recently the widow of William Lampson. Genealogists agree that this petition indicates that Fellows and Lampson had married sisters of Ayres. The age assigned to Isaac Fellows, eldest son of William, when he died in 1721: indicates that he was born some four years before his father was first mentioned at Ipswich. The presumption is then, that Mary Ayres was married to Fellows in Leicestershire and came with him about 1639 to the colonies. With them, probably, came her sister Sarah Ayres, whose marriage to the Ipswich colonist \.Villiam Lampson soon followed, her eldest child being born 1642. When William Fellows died in 1676 his wife was still living and provision was made for her in his will. The final parti tion of the Fellows farm in 1702 probably indicates that she had died somewhat before. William Fellows was born about Hi09, according to a deposition made in 1659. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., ii, 170.) He probably came in some late ship of 1638, bringing wife and one or more children. (Conjectural.) About March 26, 16.39, he bought the six-acre tract owned by the Wyth estate at Ipswich. (Probate Recs. Essex, i, 11.) On March 5, 1639-40, he took contract to be chief herder of the town cattle from April to November. (Schofield, Anc. Recs. Ipswich.) Late in 1640 or -early in 1641 his son Ephraim was born, according to depositions in 1668 and 1674. (Recs. :&sex Quar. Ct., iv, 15; v, 312.) On February 28, 1641-42, he was listed among 111 townsmen of Ipswich that held rights of commonage. (Schofield, ibid.) In October, 1643, he was one of 26 townsmen fined for not returning their powder supply to the custodian. ( Schofield, ibid.) On December 19, 1648, he was one of the subscribers to the salary fund for Daniel Dennison as head of the town militia. (Schofield, ibid.) On December 22, 1648, he was one of 20 townsmen who received bounties for killing foxes. ( Schofield, ibid.) On March 25, 1651, he was trial juror at the county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., i, 210, 219.) On August 26, 1653, he was summoned to county court as witness in a prosecution. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., i, 308.) 13 On March 28, 1654, he was admitted at county court to be a freeman of the colony. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., i, 336.) On March 25, 1656, he was trial juror at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., i, 414.) On February 16, 1659-60, he took conveyance of several parcels of land. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., vii, 87.) In November, l(J61, he joined with John Ayres in petition to county court on behalf of the property rights of minor children of "our sister" Sarah, recently widow of Lampson. (Probate Recs. Essex, i, 283.) On September '27, 1664, he was trial juror at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., iii, 182.) On September 24, l(J67, he was on the grand jury at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., iii, 436.) On November 24, 1<>68, he joined in petition for court clemency toward a neighbor who had inveighed against magistrates. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., iv, 77.) On March 21, lf>69-70, he; was put on a town committee to restrict tree cutting on town lands. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., iv, 337.) On September '27, 1670, he was trial juror at county court. (Recs. Es sex Quar. Ct., iv, '278.) On September 16, 1671, he was one of the appraisers ot the Wells estate. (Probate Recs. Essex, ii, 242.) On September 24, 1672, he was on the grand jury at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., v, 79.) On November 29, 1676, he made his last will and testament. ( Pro bate Recs. Essex, iii, 128-129.) On December 27, 1676, inventory of the estate was made, showing recent death of the testator. (Probate Recs. Essex, iii, 129-130.) On March 27, 1677, the will was presented for probate before the county authorities. (Probate Recs. Essex, iii, 129.) Samuel Fellows of Salisbury.-The second of · the name to appear on American soil was Samuel Fellows, who became a colonist of Salisbury town, in Massachusetts, some few miles from Ipswich. Salisbury was then a new town. It had been founded in 1639. It was still in course of settlement in 1641 and 1642 when Samuel Fellows received grants of town lands. Born about 1618 he was about 23 years of age when he thus appeared as a colonial landholder. There is no record of his bringing a wife from England with him, but it seems probable 14 from the mere fact of land acquisition, which implies local confidence in the fixity of his stay. Whether or not married when he came, he may be presumed to have been so in 1644 when he bought a dwelling. A year later, being about 27 years old, he received the status of colony freeman. From this time on he appears very frequently in the records as an active and trusted townsman. When he first came to Salisbury he was described as a "planter", which term seems to mean husband man. From 1656 onward he was described as a weaver. Like his relative of Ipswich, he seems to have led a thrifty and prosperous, but commonplace, life. In 1698 he died at an advanced age. The wife of Samuel Fellows has left little trace of her per sonality in colonial records. Her Christian name was Ann. Her family name has not been found. She died in 1684, many years before her husband.
Samuel Fellows was born about 1618, according to a deposition made illl 1679. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., vii, 279.) He probabiy married about i640 in Engiand before starting for the colonies. (Conjectural.) In 1641 and 1642 he received grants of town land at Salisbury. (Hoyt, Old Fam. Salis., p. 156.) On April 5, 1644, he purchased eight acres with a dwelling from a townsman of Salisbury. (Essex Antiq., ii, 12.) In May, 1645 he was made a freeman of the colony of Massachusetts. ( Recs. Mass. Bay, ii, 293.) On January 13, 1646-47, his son Samuel was born at Salisbury. (Vital Recs. Salis., p. 90.) On March 25, 1648, he purchased another parcel of land with a dwelling. (Essex Antiq., i, 50.) On October 2, 1649, he was trial juror in county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., i, 176.) On December 25, 1650, he was listed as one of the 61 taxpayers of Salisbury. (New Eng. Hist. Gen. Reg., iii, 57.) On February 3, 1650-51, he was listed as one o.f the accepted townsmen and commoners. (New Eng. Hist. Gen. Reg., iii, 56.) On March 20, 1651-52, he was chosen one of the two fence viewers of the town. (Hurd, Hist. Essex Co., ii, 1445.) 15 On April 13, 1652, he was trial juror at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., i, 251.) On July 18, 1652, he was listed as one of the 53 taxpayers of the town. (New Eng. Hist. Gen. Reg., iii, 57.) On January 23, 1652-53, he voted against the proposed allotment of church pews in heredity. (Hurd, Hist. Essex Co., ii, 1446.) On August 30. 1653, he was one of the three witnesses against Robert Pike for his denunciation of the General Court. (Recs. Mass. Bay, iv, pt 1, 157.) On May 1, 1654, he signed the compact for separation of Amesbury from its parent town. (Hoyt, Old Fam. Salis., p. 13.) On April 13, 1655, he sold a five-acre piece owned by him in the town. (Essex Antiq., v, 179.) On March 1, 1655-56, he conveyed a ten-acre tract at Salisbury. (Es sex Antiq., ix, 137.) In 1657 he was one of the group that purchased the outlying Hall tract for a town addition. (Hoyt, Old Fam. Salis., p. 16.) On October 22, 1657, he purchased a six-acre tract, describing himself as a weaver. (Essex Antiq., ii, 15.) On May 19, 1658, he signed petition to the General Court about Ames bury disregard of Salisbury church. (Hoyt, Old Fam. Salis., p. 15; Recs. Mass. Bay, iv, pt 1, 351.) On December 26, 1659, he witnessed a conveyance of premises at Salis bury. (Essex Antiq., iii, 139.) On April 3, 1663, he again witnessed a conveyance of premises at Sal isbury. (Essex Antiq., v, 136.) On February 2, 1663-64, he was elected one of the five prudential men in charge of town business. (Hurd, Hist. Essex Co., ii, 1447.) On April 12, 1664, he was a trial juror at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., iii, 144.) On October 11, 1664, he was on the grand jury at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., iii, 198.) On January 28, 1666-67, he was again elected one of the prudential men. (Hurd, Hist. Essex Co., ii, 1448.) On March 12, 1666-67, he was one of the arbiters in the Worcester property partition. (Probate Recs. Essex, i, 410; ii, 94.) On April 9, 1667, he was made clerk of the market at Salisbury. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., iii, 407.) On March 16, 1667-68, he was one of the three appraisers of the North estate. ( Probate Recs. Essex, ii, 126.) On January 31, 1668-69, he was again elected one of the prudential men. (Hurd, Hist. Essex Co., ii, 1448.) 16 On April 13, and again on October 12, 1669, he was on the grand jury at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., iv, 128, 183.) On February 28, lfl69-70, he joined with another in partition of a tract of 120 acres. (Essex Antiq., xii, 81.) On March 7, 1669-70, he conveyed a. 12-acre tract at Salisbury. (Essex Antiq., vii, 137.) On March 15, 1670-71, he was one of the appraisers of the Widow North estate. ( Probate Recs. Essex, ii, 224.) On March 11, 1672-73, he was again elected one of the prudential men. (Hurd, Hist. Essex Co., ii, 1448.) On March 20, 1672-73, he conveyed his 10-acre homestead tract at Sal isbury to his daughter and son-in-law. (Essex Antiq., xi, 33.) On February 18, 1673-74, he was again elected one of the prudential men. (Hurd, Hist. Essex Co., ii, 1448.) On April 14 and on October 13, 1674, he was on the grand jury at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., v, 293, 405.) On December 27, 1674, he was one of the appraisers of the French es tate. ( Probate Recs. Essex, ii, 444.) On November 14, 1676, he was a trial juror at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., vi, 208.) On March 21, 1677, he was one of the appraisers of the Winsley es tate. ( Essex Inst. Hist. Coll., vii, 72.) On October 9, 1677, he was trial juror at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., vi, 339.) On January 3, 1677-78, he was again elected one of the prudential men. (Hurd, Hist. Essex Co., ii, 1448.) On Apri! 9, 1678, he was on the grand jury at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., vi, 427.) On January 9, 1678-79, he witnessed a conveyance of Salisbury prem ises. (Essex Inst. Hist. Coll., lx, 149.) On November 11, 1679, he signed petition to county court for an in creased clerical salary. (Prince Soc. Pubs., ix, 69; Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., vii, 282.) On November 11, 1679, he was on the grand jury at county court. (Recs. Essex Quar. Ct., vii, 272.) On January 5, 1679-80, he was again elected one of the prudential men. (Hurd, Hist. Essex Co., ii, 1448.) On December 5, 1684, he became a widower by the death of his wife Ann Fellows. (Vital Recs. Salis., p. 557.) On May 4, 1687, he was listed as one of the members of the Salisbury church. (Hoyt, Old Fam. Salis., p. 24.) 17 On March 6, 1697-98, he died at Salisbury at the age of about 80 year~. (Vital Recs., Salis., p. 557.) Richard Fellows of H artf ord.-The third emigrant of the Fellows name to appear in New England was Richard Fellows of Hartford, later of Springfield and Hadley. Colonial records first refer to him in 1643, when he was defendant in a court suit at Hartford. It seems plain that Fellows was· not one of the earliest settlers of Hartford, for the town record of his land holdings shows that all his parcels were purchased of earlier holders. He probably came to the town about the time of his appearance in the court record. Of his age there seems to be no specific record. If the inference is correct that he had three children prior to the record of his son in 1646 it would seem likely that he brought wife and children with him from England and that he was least thirty years old when he lo cated at Hartford. Fellows seems to have been a frontier trader, dealing in horses and probably also in cattle. There are numerous traces of his trading transactions. In 1657 he seems to have been drawn into the business ventures of Mass achusetts investors interested in the region about Springfield. As a result he moved to Springfield, probably in early summer of 1658. Here he lived for a time. After his departure from Hartford certain dissensions local to that town brought about the formation of a town-site association to establish the town of Hadley, near Springfield. Fellows soon joined his former townsmen in their enterprise. It was in early 1661, probably, that he moved from Springfield, making a home at North ampton for awhile, and then setting up a pioneer home in Hadley. At Hadley he chose lands on the west side of the river, in which neighborhood he was the first settler. In later years these west side lan Probablv. about Mav._, 1658.-- -- -, he--- removed------. -- with·------his familv------,,, to-- Sorin~:field-~-----.;;,----- in Massachusetts. (Date conjectural.) On June 16, 1658, he certified to having laid out 300 acres for a Boston investor in Connecticut Valley lands. (Recs. Mass. Bay, iv, pt 1, 356.) On January 4, 1658-59, he was mentioned as a debtor of the Bradley estate at New Haven. (New Haven Town Recs., i, 377; Recs. Col. New Haven, ii, 358.) On November 23, 1659, he was mentioned as a debtor of the Stebbins estate at Boston. (New Eng. Hist. Gen. Reg., xxxii, 318.) On December 23, 1659, he was allotted a place in the second pew of the Springfield church. (Burt, First Cent. Springfld, i, 127, 329.) On January 27, 1659-60, the Springfield selectmen granted an enlarge ment of lots on Chicopee Plain, bought by him from others. (Burt, First Cent. Springfld, i, 265.) On February 7, 1659-ffi, the selectmen ordered him to furnish a horse for to~ service, as penalty for verbal sale of premises contrary to public order. (Burt, First Cent. Springfld, i, 271.) On February 10, 1659-60, he was allotted land at Chicopee Plain with proviso that he cancel a claim against the town for horse hire two years before. (Burt, First Cent. Springfld,. i, 272.) 20 Early in 1661 he was one of the group planning establishment of the new town of Hadley, signing agreement to occupy the site before Septem ber. (Judd, Hist. Hadley, pt 1, 15.) Probably early in 1661 he removed from Springfield to temporary quar ters in Northampton. (Date conjectural.) On March 26, 1661, he appeared at court session in Northampton to take the Massachusetts oath of fidelity. ( Trumbull, Hist. N orthamp., i, 99.) On March 'Zl, 1(561, he, with his wife Ursula, conveyed the 200 acres granted him by the Massachusetts legislature. (Suffolk Deeds, iii, 444.) Sometime in 1661 he removed to the Hadley town-site, being the first settler on lands west of the river. (Judd, Hist. Hadley, pt 1, 31.) In 1662 he was plaintiff against a Hartford woman, alleging defamation in declaring him a rogue, and obtaining damages. (Judd, Hist. Hadley, pt 1, 88.) . In 1663 he died at Hadley, on his lands west of the river, which were later in Hatfield town. (Burt, First Cent, Springfld., i, 44.) Children of William Fellmvs.-Eight children are mentioned in the will of William Fellows. No others are known to gene alogists. Some of his daughters removed to other towns. His sons remained at Ipswich. One of his grandsons removed to New Hampshire and was ancestor of the New Hampshire and Maine stocks. Other grandsons went to Connecticut and founded family lines there. - Isaac Fellows, eldest son, was born about 1635, according to Fellows mss,1 which say he was 86 years old when he died in 1721. Apparently he was brought from England by his parents. In 1673 he married Joanna Boorman of Ipswich. In 1676 he was in service in the Indian war. Being eldest son, his father, while yet living, gave him half of the property. His death in 1721 was at Ipswich. Ephraim Fellows, second son, was born at Ipswich in 164-0 or 1641. As early as 1670 he was married. and in his own home. His wife Mary died in 1671, leaving young children. His second wife was Amy Cross of Ipswich. In 1675 he was a trooper in the Indian war. In 1677 he was one of the executors of the estate. He was living in 1702 at Ipswich. Samuel Fellows, third son, was one of the family executors in 1677. He did not marry. In later years, if not always, he lived with his married sister Abigail. In 1701 and 1702 he lived at Newbury, probably at her 21 home there. He seems to have died in 1713. Some genealogists have con fused him with Samuel of Salisbury. Joseph Fellows, fourth son, married Ruth Fraile of Ipswich in 1675. He was in service in 1676 in the Indian war. In 1677 he was executor of the estate. In 1682 he became a freeman of the colony. He kept residence at Ipswich until his death in 1693. Mary Fellows was probably eldest daughter. In 1667 she married Josiah Brown of Reading, who seems to have lived at Marblehead in 1668-69 and again in 1677-78. She was named a legatee by her father in 1676. She was living at Reading as late as 1688. Her husband was made colony freeman in 1684 and died in 1691. She had several children. Elizabeth Fellows, apparently second daughter, was unmarried when named as a legatee in 1676. Nothing more is known of her. Abigail Fellows, next daughter, was a legatee in 1676. She married in 1677 her cousin Samuel Ayres. In later years they removed to Newbury. She was still living, a widow, in 1723. She had several children. Sarah Fellows, youngest daughter, was born in 1657. She was named in 1676 as a legatee. She was married, probably about 1677, to John Pot ter of Ipswich and was still living in 1723. She has many descendants. Cliildren of Samuel Fellows.-Only two children are re corded as born to the Salisbury pioneer. The son bcame an cestor of a family stock that spread through New Hampshire. and northern Massachusetts. Samuel Fellows, junior, only son, was born at Salisbury in January, 1646-47. In 1681 he was married to Abigail Barnard of Amesbury. He spent his life at Salisbury, being made freeman of the colony in 1690. He died in 1730. Hannah Fellows, only daughter, was born in 1648 at Salisbury. In 1666 she married Nathaniel Brown of Salisbury, afterward deacon and town clerk She was widowed in: 1723 and died in 1727, leaving children. Children of Richard Fellows.-Five children are mentioned as born to the Hartford family. Apparently none of the three sons was married, but the daughters left descendants in western Massachusetts. Richard Fellows, junior, may perhaps have been born in England. He was still young enough to be in the family home at Hadley when his father died. There he remained with his mother. In 1675 he joined a 22 colonist force moving against hostile tribesmen and was killed in battle. He was not married. Samuel Fellows is mentioned by genealogists, apparently being the second son. He is said to have died sometime before 1663, unmarried. Sarah Fellows, eldest daughter, was married about 1661 to Samuel Bill ings of Hadley. He died in 1678. She married, soon afterward, Samuel Belding of Hadley and Hatfield. She died in 1713, having had children by both husbands. John Fellows was born at Hartford, where his baptism in 1646 is re corded. He is stated to have died unmarried before lti63. Mary Fellows was born at Hartford, being baptized in February, 1650- 51. In 1671 she married Joseph Leonard of Springfield. Her husband re mained a townsman of Springfield and becam~ colony freeman in 1690. They had several children. 23 FELLOWES IN OLD ENGLAND The surname Fellowes in old England is relatively modern. As an established surname it first appears in 1544 in the vicinity of London. There are occasional instances of this f onn earlier than the year mentioned, but they appear to be mere clerical distortions of other names and not reflections of actual usage. The appearance of an English surname so late as 1544 usually means one of two things, either the advent of a foreign name newly domiciled on English soil or the advent of a modi fied form of some older surname native to England. There seems little doubt that Fellowes was at first a popular modi fication of the older name Fallowes. The latter name was native to Cheshire. From that county radial migrations can be distinctly traced to neighboring counties and to southern England. It appears that when bearers of the Fallowes name came into a district where the older name Fellow was already known their surname became modified by popular usage into a form similar to that of Fellow. Writers on the derivations of English names have usually derived the name Fellowes from that of Fellow. It does not appear that the form Fellow evolved into Fellowes in the earlier years of the latter name. It is said, however, that in the eighteenth century such alter ation frequently took place. In its beginnings the principal origin areas of the name Fellowes were in and about London and in southern Leicestershire, both being districts where the names Fellow and Fallowes made joint occupation. Earliest instances.-The earlier appearances of the form Fel lowes appear to have been in all cases mere clerical distor tions, possibly reflecting verbal distortions in contemporary speech but certainly not representing any established and customary form of surname. 24 Matilda Felawe of Hales manor, \:Vorcestershire, in 1277 and 1278 was recorded at various times in the manor court register with the surname forms Felawes, la Felawes, and le Velawes. (Court Rolls Hales Manor, pp. 89, 93, 110.) Alicia Felawe of Hales manor, in 1278, 1293, and 1302, was recorded in the manor court register with the surname forms Felawes, de Felawes, and le Felaus. (Court Rolls Hales Manor, pp. 107, 257, 264, 448.) Agnes and Elena le Felawes in 1280 held property rights at Bensington, Oxfordshire, the presence of "le" •u the name showing that "le Felawe" was the proper form. (Rot. Hundred. ii, 752.) John Felowes in 1436 a citizen merchant of London, was pardoned for failure to appear in a debt suit. The name Felowe had been long present in London at this time, while that of Fallowes had not yet appeared there. This instance seems undoubtedly a distortion of Felowe. (Pat. Rolls, 1429-36, p. 485.) Roger Felowes in 1440 of Bruera abbey, Oieshire, was ordained a priest by the bishop of Hereford. (Cant. York Soc., xxiii, 335.) He is prob ably the same as Roger Felowe, chaplain in 1465 in Worcestershire. (Nash, Coll. Hist. Wore., i, 444.) John Felowes in 1453 was witness to a deed of Market Harborough property, Leicestershire, a point where the name Fellowe had appeared some years before. (Stocks, Market Harb. Par. Recs., p. 176.) Richard Felawes of Ipswich who in 1463 and 1464 filed escheator's ac counts (Pub. Rec. Office, Lists and Indexes, xi, 310) was the well known Richard Felawe of Ipswich. Philip Filowes, a form used in 1497, was a distortion of the name of Philip FitzLowes, lieutenant of Dover ~astle. (Pat. Rolls, 1494-1509, p. 107.) Lawrence Fellowes, leather seller, In 1538 was recorded as having been surety for a clerical debtor. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, xiii, pt 2, p. 501.) He is apparently the master currier Lawrence Fallowes, recently deceased. FELLOWES IN SOUTHERN ENGLAND From 1S44 onward the name seems to have been in actual use as a surname in the region about London, having been adopted, presumably, by migrating holders of the Fallowes name from central England. From London, or perhaps from rural l\Iiddlesex instead, there appears to have been a radial movement to neighboring counties, for the sequence of ap pearances, beginning with rural Middlesex in 1S44, continues 25 with \Viltshire in 1560, \Vestminster in 1563, London city in 1572, Kent in 1578, Bucks in 1582, and Berkshire in 1630. Middlesex ( outside London )-Up to the year 1544 neither the name Fellow nor that of Fallowes appears in the rural section just outside \Vestminster. Within Westminster the name Fellow had long been known, while that of Fallowes had appeared but a kw years previous. The appearance of Fellowes in 1544 in the rural section may conjecturally be re ferred to local migration of persons of Fallowes extraction. John Felowes, in 1544 of St. Giles in the Fields, was tenant of premises granted by the king. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, xix, pt 2, p. 74.) John Fellowes in 1556 was indicted for turning five acres of arable land into pasture at Marylebone. (Hist. Mss. Comm. Rep., xv, app., pt 2.) Richard Fellowes in 1597 was wedded at Enfield. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Midd., v, 129.) John Fellowes, pinmaker, of Pettic-.oat Lane, in 1627 was wedded at Stepney, his marriage being the first of a number of Fellowes entries in the parish registers. (Colyer-Fergusson, Reg. Stepney.) John, son of William Fellas, of Kenton, in 1640 was christened at Har row on the Hill. (Reg. Harrow-on-the-Hill, i, 276.) Wiltshire.-An isolated instance of the name in this county is significant merely because it is early in point of time. The name Fallowes had not previously appeared in the county, but that of Fellow had been known at Salisbury at least thirty years. Margaret Fellowes in 1560 was wedded at Salisbury. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Wilts., ix, 2.) London (Westminster )-In 1563 the name appears in St. Margarets parish and again in 1573. The name Fallowes was contemporaneous in the parish, and Fellow as well. In 1570 the records of St. Martins parish show the existence of a family group whose name appears at various times as Fel lowe, Fellis, and Fellowes. There is a possibility here that the name Fellis was altered to Fellowes, but the evidence is not clear. From 1586 to 1619 this group evidently used the form F ellowes. 26 Elizabeth and Mary Fellowes in 1563 were buried in St. Margarets parish. (Burke, Mem. St. Marg., p. 408.) Richard Fellowe in 1570 was married to Lucia Newes at St. Martins in the Fields. Richard Fellis in 1583 was a churchwarden of St. Martins. Lucia Fellis was buried in 1586 in that parish and in the churchwardens' accounts was entered as Luce Fellowes. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xxv, 65, 131. Kitto, Churchwardens Accts., pp. 354, 382.) Robert Fellows in 1573 was wedded at St. Margarets. (Burke, Mem. St. Marg., p. 289.) Joane Fellowes, buried in 1591 at St Martins, apparently bears the same surname in both accounts and register. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xxv, 135: Kitto, Churchwardens Accts., p. 428.) Thomas Fellowes in 1591 was wedded at St. Martins. (Harl. Soc. Reg. Ser., xxv, 77.) Richard Fellowes in 1593 gave 12 pence toward the parish bell. (Kitto, Churchwardens Accts., p. 456.) Richard Fellowes in 1596 was buried at St. Martins, being noted in the accounts as Richard Fellowe. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xxv, 141; Kitto, Oiurchwardens Accts., p. 479.) Thomas Fellowes in 1598 was buried at St. Martins. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xxv, 143; Kitto, Churchwardens Accts., p. 508.) Florencia Fellowes in 1598 was wedded at St. Martins. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xxv, 83.) Elizabeth Fellowes in 1612 was buried at St Martins. (Harl. Soc.~ Reg. Ser., xxv, 165.) Katherine Fellowes in 1617 was buried at St. Martins. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xxv, 175.) Margaret Fellowes in 1619 was christened at St. Martins. (Harl. Soc. Re_g. Ser., xxv, 54.) London ( old city )-The earliest appearance of the name in 1572 is at a time when Fellow was a well-known name in the city, while Fallowes apparently was a new name. Con ditions here as elsewhere favor the belief that the Fellowes name was a variant of Fallowe.s. Rose Fellowes in 1572 was wedded in the parish of St. Mary Woolnoth. (Brooke Hallen, Transcript, p. 127.) William Fellowes, living about 1630, is given as the first generation of the pedigree of the peerage family, Fellowes of Ramsay Abbey. The pedigree states that his wife was from Worcestershire, which possibly may 27 imply a like nativity for the husband. (Crisp, Visit. Eng. and Wales, viii, 55.) Theophilus Fellowes in 1632 christened a child at St. Peters Cornhill parish. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., i, 83.) Mary Fellowes in 1633 was wedded in the parish of St. Thomas the Apostle. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., vi, 15.) Robert Fellowes, cooper, in 1635 christened a child in St. Olave Hart Street, other entries of his family appearing in that parish up to 1661. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xlvi, 45.) Alexander Fellowes in 1639 was engaged in the export of clay from London and became involved in a business dispute over possession of to bacco-pipe clay. (Cal. St Pap., J?omestic, 1638-39, p. 567; 1629-31, p. 443.) Kent.-Two early instances of the name occur, perhaps in dicating migrations of individuals from London or there abouts. Jacobus Fellowes of Sandwich in 1578 obtained license to wed a bride of Canterbury. (Cowper, Cant. Marr. Lie., i, 147.) Benjamin Fellowes was wedded in 1637 at Charlton-in-Dover. (Philli more, Par. Reg. Ser., Kent, i, 51.) Buckingham.-The earlier appearances of the name in this county were limited, apparently, to the northern portion of the county, in contrast to the appearances of the Fellow name, which were for the most part in the southern area. This fact argues against any change of Fellow to Fellowes in the earlier period. It seems likely that the Fellowes name came by mi- · gration from Leicestershire. John Fellowes in 1582 and 1585 christened children at Thornton. (Bucks Par. Reg. Soc., ii, 5, 6.) - Fellowes in 1584 was wedded at Whaddon, another marriage in 1587 also showing existence of the name there. (Bernau, Sixt. Cent. Mar riages, p. W.) Berkshire.-From 1630 onward there are several instances of the characteristic form Fellows at Reading. The name Fel lowe had been a familiar one in that city for many years pre vious and there are instances of the form Fellows which seem to be certainly distortions of Fellowe, due to the error of a 28 ne~w parish clerk. Where the form Fellowes occurs, however, the conditions suggest that it is, as elsewhere, a variant form of Fallowes. William Fellowes in 1630 was wedded at Reading. (Crawfurd, Reg. St. Mary, ii, 18.) William Fellowes in 1641 appeared in the parish registers of St. Law rence, Reading. (Berks, Bucks, Oxon. Arch. Jour., xxv, 115.) William Fellowes of Reading in 1644 was deceased with estate for pro bate. ( Index Lib., viii, 62.) Thomas Fellows in 1645 christened a child at Reading. William Fel lows in 1649, and 1656 also. Other instances occur later. (Crawfurd, Reg. St Mary, i, 58, 61, 67.) Richard Fellowes was alderman of Reading in lfxi6. (Harl. Soc., lvi, 152.) He disclaimed gentility at herald's visitation. (Harl. Soc., lvii, 7.) FELLOWES IN CENTRAL ENGLAND The same reasons alleged for the appearance of the name in the region about London seem to be applicabl~ to the dis tricts where the name appeared in the central counties. The older name Fallow,es spread by migration radially from its ancestral center in Cheshire. Around the outer edge of the area penetrated by these Fallowes migrations, particularly where the older name Fellow was known, appeared the new name Fellowes. Its sequence of appearances were in W or cestershire in 1546, in Staffordshire in 1558, in Leicestershire in 1569, in Nottingham in 1596, and in Lincolnshire in 1598. W orcester.-The name in this county dates from 1546, a time when offshoots of the Cheshire Fallowes stock were find ing their way to other parts of England. In the district about Broadway it does not appear that either Fellow or Fallowes were known prior to this time. In 1596 a connection seems indicated with Leicestershire stocks. William Fellowes in 1546 of Broadway was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xx.xi, 11.) The coincidence of the year with that of the death of the Norroy king-at-arms Fellow has led to suggestion of identity (Rye, Norfolk Families, p. 192) but apparently without good reason. 29 Thomas Felowes of Dodderhill in 1555 was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xxxi, 27.) Elizabeth Felowes of Elmbridge in 1S77 was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xxxi, 250.) William Fellowes of Broadway in 1596 was deceased with estate for probate in Leicestershire. (Index Lib., xxvii, 81.) Richard Fellows in 1599 and 1601 was a clerical distortion of the name of Richard Fellow of Dudley. (Bund, Wore. Quar. Sess. Pap.) William Fellowes, yeoman, of Broadway, in 161.X) was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xxxi, 413.) William Fellowes of Broadway was deceased in 1646 with estate £or probate, will being entered at Canterbury. (Matthews, Year Book, iv, lCXJ.) Stafford.-Instances of the name in this county seem to indi date local distortions of Fallowes, but some doubt as to whether the form was anywhere consistently used as a family name. Thomas Fellowes in 1558 was deceased with estate probated at Lich field. (Index Lib., vii, 41, 42.) Richard Fellowes in 1588 was deceased with estate probated at Lich field. (Index Lib., vii, 20CJ.) \Villiam Fellowes of Tunstall in 1619 was deceased \\'1th estate for probate. (Index Lib., xliii, 164.) Francis Fellowes of Tettenhall about 1637 was father-in-law of one of the Hanbury family. ( Harl. Soc., lxiii, 118.) William Fellowes in 1640 was a soldier mustered from Sedgeley. (Staff. Hist. Coll., 1st ser., xv, 219.) Leicester.-Appearances of the name in southern Leicester shire in close association with that of Fellow suggest two possi bilities. It is possible that holders of the Fellow name accepted a distortion of their established patronymic. It is far more prob able, however, that migration of holders of the Fallowes name caused the appearance of the newer form. William Felowes of Fleckney in 1569 was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xxvii, 52.) Thomas Fellowes of Foxton in 1609 was licensed to wed. (Index Lib., xxxviii, 146.) Leonard Felfowes in 1624 was wedded at Aylestone. (Phillirnore, Par. Reg. Ser., Leic., xii, 7.) 30 Henry Fellowes of Foxton in 1629 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., xxvii, 188.) Thomas Fellowes of Gumley, about 1630 was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xxvii, 126.) John Fellowes of Gumley in 1634 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., xxvii, 192.) Elizabeth Fellowes of Billesdon in 1635 was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xxvii, 193.) Nottingham.-From 1596 onward there are sporadic appear ances of the name in this county at the shire town. Both the Fellow and Fallowes names had preceded it in this region, the former being apparently the more familiar of the two, these conditions favoring the supposition that F ellowes was here as elsewhere a distortion of Fallowes. Alice Felloues in 1596 was wedded at Nottingham city. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Nott Cy., i, 20.) Hugh Felloes in 1615 was wedded at Lowdham. ( Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Notts., x, 127.) Robert Fellowes in 1640 was wedded at Nottingham city. (Philli- mnre P!:!r R~a <;:~r l\Tn++ rn ; C:h \ __.. ' - -· 4 '-'"'et• a..,'-'&•, ... ,"".., .... '-''•' ... , -.,u., Lincoln.-In this county also the name, when it occurs, ap pears to represent sporadic instances of either immigration or mere clerical distortions of Fallowes, the latter name having previously found lodgement in the county. Robert Fellowes of Gosberton in 1598 was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xxviii, 139.) James Fellowes of Market Deeping in 1638 was deceased with estate for probate. (Misc. Geneal. Herald, 2nd ser., iii, 59.) 31 FALLOWES The surname Fallowes is essentially a Cheshire name but by no means confined to that county. Apparently however, that county was its place of origin and the center of migrations from which it found its way elsewhere. Its origin can be assigned to the period following the Black Death. Clearly it was de rived from a place name, but whether that place was in Cheshire or in Yorkshire is still open to query. The existence in Cheshire of family estates called The Fallowes suggests derivation from a former place name at that point, but does not prove it. Possible early forms .-In northern Yorkshire was a district about the year 1300 referred to in the subsidy rolls as West Falghes, which form argues for a locality known as Falghes. It was situated near Thirsk (Yorkshire Record Series, vol. SO, page .... , ...... 1 • 1 1• b 1..1 ..l • ..l b n 1 ,:,,:, J. .tt rom tms 10cauty, pro amy, was ueriveu t 1e surna..111e ...... ~ Falles or Del Falghes, existent in Yorkshire before the year of the Black Death, but not found there after the pestilence. Robert de Faleghes in 1246 was one of a group sued for pasture rights at Goosnargh, in northern Lancashire. (Lane. Chesh. Rec. Soc., xlvii, 22.) Geoffrey, · Robert, and Reginald del Falles in 1297 appeared on the sub sidy roll for Whitby, in northern Yorkshire. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xvi, 93.) Geoffrey del Falles in 1303 was a juror in Aggebridge wapentake, near Wakefield, in: southern Yorkshire. (Feudal Aids, vi, 129.) Lecie del Falles in 1303 was father of a girl charged with causing a man's death and under arrest in Yorkshire. ( Close Rolls, 1302-07, p. 31.) John del Falghes in 1336 was one of a party charged with illegal hunt ing and damage at Cottingley, Yorks hire. ( Pat. Rolls, 1334-38, p. 290.) John of the Falewes in 1337 was one of a party charged by Queen Isa bella with illegal hunting and damage on her estates at Musbury, in Lan cashire, near the Yorkshire boundary. (Pat. Rolls, 1334-38, p. 452.) 32 John, son of John del Falles, in 1339 was pardoned for robbery at Oif ford, Yorkshire. (Pat. Rolls, 1338-40, p. 220.) FALLOWES IX CEXTRAL E:--;GLAKD Beginning about 1360 in Cheshire the name seems to have been confined to one family. Indications of surname migration appear in 1473 when the name is found in the neighboring county of Stafford. In 1526 it appears oddly at a distant point in Lin colnshire. Next, it appears successively in 1545 in Warwick, in 1550 in Derby, in 1556 in Leicester, in 1572 in Nottingham, and in 1580 in Salop. All of these are near to Cheshire and Staffordshire and the advance of the name into new parts seems to show radial migrations from those two counties. A notable feature of these migrations was the distortion of the established form Fallowes into the similar form Follo,ves, which still exists as an English surname. Cheshire.-The Cheshire historian Ormerod placed the begin nings of the Fallowes family at about the reign of King John, 1199-1216, but such antiquity is not supported by the archives calendars. The historian seems to have misinterpreted the notes attached to the Fallowes pedigree of 1613·. This pedigree begins with John del Falwis, who must have lived about 1360, shortly after the Black Death: From his time onward the continuity of the name in Cheshire is easily traced. One branch of the fam ily attained armigerous status, holding estates near Chester city. The family home was called Fallows Hall and was kept by the family until 1697, when its owner sold it and left the county. John del Falwis, living about 1360, was the first generation appearing in the Fallowes pedigree. (Harl. Soc., lix, 99.) Thomas de Fahvis, son of John, living about 1390, was the second gen eration of the pedigree. In 1406 he was a grantee of land. (Harl. Soc., lix, 99.) Thomas del Falwis. son of Thomas. was the third generation of the pedigree and had six brothers. He was named heir to land under the deed of 1406 to his father. (Harl. Soc., lix, 99.) Thomas Falous about 1420 was a Cheshire archer in the company of Sir Thomas Grosvenor. (Cheshire Sheaf, v, 92.) 33 Thomas Falowes in 1422 carried a torch at a baptism in Wallasey church. (Cheshire Sheaf, iv, 43.) John Falloghes, son of Thomas, living in 1436, was the fourth genera tion of the pedigree. He acquired property at Le Falloghes, in modern form The Fallows, perhaps by intermarriage with the Pigot family. (Harl. Soc., lix, W.) '1homas Faloghys in 1479 witnessed a guardianship deed concerning minors of Honford. (Chetham Soc., new ser., li, 119.) Thomas del Falloghes, living about 14&>, was the fifth generation of the pedigree, his wife being Margaret Snelston. (Harl. Soc., lix, W.) Oliver del Falloghes, living about 1520, was the sixth generation of the pedigree, his wife being Elizabeth Henshaw. (Harl. Soc., lix, 9 FALLOWES IN NORTHERN ENGLAND. The holders of the Fallowes name in the northern counties seem undoubtedly to be migrated members of the Cheshire stock. As early as 1540 and 1541 there are isolated instances of the name in Yorkshire and Northumberland but no indications of established families. About 1550 the name is found in Lan cashire, where a family group became settled at Manchester. Yorkshire and N orthumberland.-The sporadic appearances of the name in these counties is not of significance, except perhaps as illustration of the migratory tendency. John Fallowes in 1540 was a grantee of sequestered church lands in Northumberland. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, xvi, 96.) John Fallows in 1541 was a minor beneficiary by the will of a cleric of Bramley, Yorkshire. (Thoresby Soc., xix, 54.) Lancaster.-Appearances of the name from 1550 are due, pre sumably, to migrations from the Cheshire side of the county line. Some of the entries, indeed, may relate to Cheshire persons hold ing merely property interests in Lancashire. Roger Falowes about 1550 was concerned in suit over premises at Astill. (Ducat. Lane., Cal. Plead., i, 265.) Thomas and Edward Falous about 1550 were concerned in a suit over goods at Warington. (Ducat. Lane., Cal. Plead., i, 265.) Richard Fallowes in 1594 was plaintiff concerning premises at Man chester. (Ducat. Lane., Cal. Plead., iii, 373.) Blanch Fallowes in 1601 was buried at Ormskirk (Lane. Par. Reg. Soc., xiii, 199.) John Fallowes of Manchester in 1611 was father of a baptized cliild, whose entry in the parish register is the first of a series showing Fallowes family groups at Manchester. (Lane. Par. Reg. Soc., xxxi, lvi.) William Fallowes in 1626 baptized a son at Didsbury. (Lane. Par. Reg. Soc., viii, 84, 223.) 40 FALLOWES IN SOUTHERN ENGLAND. In the counties of southern England the name first appears in 1524 in Oxfordshire, presumably by migration from the north. A distinct migration seems to have brought it to London by 1536. Two years later it was established in the Westminster district. These city districts appear to have been the only notable points of Fallowes settlement in the southern counties, although there were sporadic appearances of the name in Suffolk, Cambridge, and other shires at various times. Orford.-The name appears in 1524, apparently brought by some member of the northern stock who settled down at Oxford city in commercial life. There seems no evidence that the name long endured in the city. Edward Falowes in 1524 was servant and taxpayer at Oxford city. (Oxford Hist Soc~, xviii, 71.) Henry Fallwes in 1526 was listed on the subsidy roll of Beckley. ( Ox ford Hist. Soc., lxiii, 257.) J ustilian and Margaret Fallowse in 1543 were listed on the subsidy roll of Oxford city. ( Oxford Hist. Soc., lxxv, 144.) Richard Fallowes in 1545 was a journeyman baker at Oxford and was witness in a suit against a cheating miller. (Selden Soc., xii, 178, 179.) Richard Fallowes in 1550 was admitted freeman of Oxford city. (Tur ner, Recs. Oxford, p. 203.) London ( old cit:Y) .-The appearances of the name at London are few in number and are chiefly important because they in dicate that the surname was here established by migration from Cheshire. Such migration, at least, may be accepted on the as sumption that the currier apprentice Richard Fallis and the master currier Richard Fallowes are identical. Lawrence Fallows in 1536 of St Michael Wodestreet parish, was de ceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., x, 195.) Richard Fallis, son of John Fallis of Cheshire, in 1548 was made free man of London, being a currier apprentice. (Welch, Reg. Freemen of London, p. 30.) Richard Fallowes, currier, of Aldermanbury ward, was deceased in 1579 with estate for probate, and inquisition made thereon. (Index Lib., xviii, 110; xxxvi, 15.) 41 Katherine Fallowes in 1611 was wedded at St. James Oerkenwall. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xiii, 37.) Edward Fallowes in 1623 went from London to Virginia colony as an indentured servant. He was alive in 1625 in Virginia. (Hotten, Original Lists, p. 214.) Ann Fallawes in 1631 was wedded at Allhallows church. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xiv, 430.) William Falos about 1634 was husband of one of the Mainwarings of London. (Harl. Soc., xvii, 79;) Suffolk.-The early appearance of the name in Suffolk appears to be of little significance. Nearly a century elapsed before it is again recorded as borne by Suffolk people. James Follows in 1538 was deceased, his son John inheriting properties at Stowmarket and Witnesham. (Copinger, Co. of Suff., v, 73, 415.) Richard Fallowes of Barking was deceased in 1627 with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., xliv, 100.) Alice Fallowes, widow, in 1633 was deceased at Barking, her will being probated by her son William. (Matthews, Year Book, i, 207.) William Fallowes of Barking in 1640 was assessed for the royal ship money tax. (Redstone, Ship Money Returns, p. 87.) London (West-minster) .-In the Westminster district the name Fallowes appeared in 1540 in St. Margarets parish, existing there nearly forty years and then disappearing. An isolated instance of the name is found in. St. Martins in the Fields parish. Henry Falows, in 1540 buried in St. Margarets parish, was the first of a series of 23 entries showing resident family groups, the name usually being spelled Fallowes or Fallows. (Burke, Mem. St. Marg.) Thomas Fallowes in 1541 was deceased with estate for probate. (Burke, Indexes Test. Recs. Westm., p. 93.) William Fallowes in 1551 was deceased with estate for probate. (Burke, Indexes Test. Recs. Westm., p. 93.) William Fallowes in 1563 was buried in the parish of St. Martins in the Fields. ( Kitto, Churchwardens Accts., p. 201 ; Harl. Soc. Reg. Ser., xxv, 110.) Other coitnties.-Scattered instances of the name elsewhere in the southern counties seem to be without significance except as evidence of individual migrations within the period covered. 42 Henry Fallowes in 1557 was presented to the benefice of Milton in Hampshire for clerical service. (Cant. and York Soc., xvi, 20.) Richard Fallowes in 1589 and 15% was a party to fine proceedings for premises in Cambridgeshire. (East Anglian, 3rd ser., ix, 243, 322.) Alexander Fallowes in 1594 was wedded at Chesterton in Cambridge shire. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Camb., vii, 106.) Edward Fallowes in 1612 was parson of Berkley in Somerset and signed a deed-poll for a collection. (Somerset Rec. Soc., xxiii, 77.) Grace Fallows in 1619 of St. Mary, Huntingdonshire, was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xiii, 167.) 43 FE LAG H-FELAWE-FELLOW There seems no doubt that the surname Fellow took its origin from the word "fellow," or rather from the earlier form of that word. Such origin has been correctly assumed by compilers of name origins, however much they may go astray when they essay explanation of the cause of its transforili.ation into a surname. The word "fellow."-This word came into English speech from Norse sources, presumably brought by the Scandinavian invaders led by Sweyn and Canute. The primal form of the word was "felag." In old Norse speech it had both a broad and a narrow meaning. In its broad sense it meant a companion of any sort. In its narrow meaning it meant specifically a person who was a business partner in trade or other serious enterprise, especially maritime ventures. ( See Cleasby-Vigfussen, Icelandic Diction ary.) On English soil the word retained its broader meaning, which endures to this day. Of the narrower meaning it might be thought that it did not come to England at all, were it not that early name lists showing occupational terms include that of "le felawe," and were it not also notable that this term is usually found at coastal points where mariners had their home ports. The Norse "felag" had changed on English soil to "felagh" and "felawe," at a very early time. Later it evolved into "felowe" and then to "fellow," the modern form. About the fifteenth cen tury the word in its broader meaning of companion entered upon a special form of usage. It became a word of address, in which the suggestion of companionship was an empty courtesy cloaking actual condescension. With this usage the word also assumed a contemptuous meaning. Even then, however, it did not imply low social status. Shakespeare, in his "Henry VI," makes the French duke say, "\Vhat a wretched and peevish fellow is this king of England." This condescending or contemptuous form of the 44 word, which came into use long after the surname had evolved, has by some name derivers been mistaken for the original farm of the surname. The surname.-The term "le felawe" appended to individual names appears among the earliest lists of incipient surnames. It is well recognized that occupational terms form the beginnings of a large proportion of surnames, both in England and on the continent. Illustrative instances are here cited showing the use of this term from about 1270 to the year 1332. The use of the article "le" is a characteristic of occupational names in their earlier stages. Like other names of such origin, that of Felawe was scattered in its first years of development. It appears in Dur ham, in Somerset, in Hampshire, and in Sussex, all these earlier appearances being in tidewater locations. Only in Worcestershire are there early instances beyond the tidewater region. The natural inference from the evidence is that at various points there were seafaring men who were "felawe" by occupation and who became such by name as the new fashion of surnames came into vogue under the hands of mediaeval record clerks. 'FELLOW IN WESTERN ENGLAND. One of the earliest appearances of the surname was in connec tion with the license issued to the shipmaster Simon Felawe in 1230 to take lading at Portsmouth. No other early appearance in Hampshire is recorded, however. About 1235 the name ap peared in Somersetshire, with indications of being held by a set tled family stock. From that date there are successive begin nings of the name in counties lying to the east of Somerset, re vealing in appearance, and probably also in actual fact, a slow migration eastward of the family stock bearing the name. Be ginning about 1235 in Somerset, it is found in 1285 in Wilts, in 1345 in Oxford, in 1425 in Berks, and in 1452 in Bucks. This series of appearances constitutes the basis for the supposition of persistent migration. The supposition as to migratory move ment eastward is not affected by the evident existence of lateral 45 appearances at different points, such as those of 1270 in Dorset, .of 1280 in Oxford and Bucks, and in 1297 in Hampshire. These may be ascribed to lateral sporadic migrations not part of the mait~ line of eastward progress. Somerset.-In this county the holders of the name were for the most part domiciled in the northern portion, near the River Avon, and not far from the seaport of Bristol. Appearing about 1230 the family stocks endured until nearly wiped out in 1349 by the Black Death. Some units either survived the plague or drifted back from outside, but these ended by 1411. William Felaie, in 1229 concerned in court proceedings, may have been of this stock, but the identity of the name is uncertain. ( Pat. Rolls, 1225- 32, p. 292.) Simon Felawe in 1~ was among certain ship men licensed to lade at Portsmouth. His domicile is not stated. Conjecture suggests Somerset, the nearest region where the name existed thus early. (Pat. Rolls, 1225-32, p. 373.) William Felaghe, within the period 1235-52, was a tenant on the Glas tonbury Abbey estates at Wrington, near Bristol. (Somerset Rec. Soc., v, 79.) John Felawe in 1269 had a daughter whose accidental death was a subject of official inquiry. (Pat. Rolls, 1266-72, p. 382.) Walter Felaghe of Batheaston, Johanne Felagh of Wookey, and Rich ard Felaw of Compton Bishop were listed in 1328 on the roll of the lay subsidy. · (Somerset Rec. Soc., iii, 82, 135, 268.) John Felawe of Somerset in 1381 was security for a cleric involved in a lawsuit at London. (Oose Rolls, 1377-81, p. 520.) William Felawe, rector of Portishead, in 1408 was transferred thereto from Bristol. His will, made in 1411, referred to a brother at Tanbrygge. ( Somerset Rec. Soc., xvi, 46, 49.) Dorset.-An isolated instance of the name in Dorset may be noted ,because of its early date and the fact that it further il lustrates the early appearance of the name in seaport towns. There does not seem to have been any established family stock in Dorset. Richard Felaghe about 1270 was o,vner of a town lot in Brideport. ( Cal. Anc. Deeds, v~ 219.) 46 Wiltshire.-The basin of the Bristol Avon forms a natural avenue of migration from Somerset into Wiltshire. Chippenham, Calne, Calstone, \,\Fhetham, and Melksham, where the Felagh name appears, lie in the Avon basin. It seems a fair inference that the Wiltshire stocks were offshoots of the Somerset families. The name also appears early at Ramsbury, near the eastern edge of the county, and soon afterward at N etheraven and other more southerly points outside the Avon basin. Appearing in the county, in 1258, the name was held by yeoman of local repute for many decades. The Black Death appe.ars to have dealt lightly with the name, but its continuance appear practically to have closed about 1403, despite a later reference of 1529. Richard le Felawe of Chippenham in 1285 was inquisition juror to pro tect royal forest rights. ( Index Lib., xxxvii, 165.) John le Felaugh in 1286 was seeking replevin of Ramsbury lands seized from him because of court default. (Close Rolls, 1279-88, p. 411.) John le Felawe in 1293 was inquisition juror at Netheraven. (Index Lib., xxxvii, 196.) Nicholas Felawe from 1331 to 1352 was repeatedly inquisition juror at Caine, Chippenham, and other points. (Index Lib., xiviii, 00, etc.; Wiits. Arch. Mag., xxxvii, S Berkshire.-Late appearance of the name in Berkshire, with first locations at points along the Oxfordshire line, suggest kin ship with the groups already established in the latter county. William Felawe in 1425 was presented to the vicarage of Cholsey. (Pat. Rolls, 1422-29, p. 281.) John Felowe in 1465 was promoted to the bailiffship of Wallingford and St. Valery. (Pat. Rolls, 1461-67, p. 3ro.) Richard Felow of Cliolsey in 1546 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., viii, 62.) Juliana Felow of Kintbury in 1547 was deceased with estate for pro bate. ( Index Lib., viii, 62.) Joan Felow of Cholsey in 1551 was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., viii, 62.) Joane Felow in 1565- was wedded at Bisham. (Par. Reg. Soc., xv, 19.) Bartholomew Felow of Kintbury in 1567 was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., viii, 62.) Thomas Felow of Kintbury in 1579 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., viii, 62.) John Felow of Kint bury in 1591 was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., viii, 62.) Jane Fellow in 1593 was wedded at Bisham. (Par. Reg. Soc., xv, 20.) Walter Fellow in 1594 was christened at Reading. From this date onward the Reading parish registers contain many entries of the name, spelled Fellow and Fellowe. The name persisted at Reading until 1740. (Crawford, Reg. St. Mary.) Robert Felow of Enborne was deceased in 1594 with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., viii, 62.) 49 \Valter Fellowe in 1595 was witness to the will of a resident of Read ing. (:.fisc. Geneal. Herald., 4th ser., iv, 108.) Ann Fellow in 1601 was wedded at Bisham. (Par. Reg. Soc., xv, 21.) Joan Felow of Kintbury in 1614 was deceased ·with estate for probate. (Index Lib., viii, 62.) William Fellow of Hurst, yeoman, in 1626 was deceased with estate probated at Canterbury. (Index Lib., xliv, 101.) David Fellow in 1630 was wedded at Bisham. Children were christened in 1631, 1634, 1639. (Par. Reg. Soc., xv.) Walter Fellow in 1631 and 1632 was churchwarden in St. Mary parish, Reading. ( Crawford, Reg. St. Mary, i, 45 ; ii, 112.) Walter Felow in 1636 was deceased at Reading with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., viii, 62.) John Fellowe in 1643 of Berkshire was deceased with will probated at Oxford and Canterbury. (Matthews, Year Book, iii, 219.) Buckingham.-The county lies between Hertford on the east and Berks and Oxford on the west. Herts had already received Fellow units, presumably from the eastward, and both Berk shire and Oxford had received units, presumably from the west ward, before the name appears in Bucks. Ellesborough and Hughenden, ,vhere the name first appears are about widway be tween the point of prior appearance on either side, yet it seems likely that the migration to Bucks was from Oxford or Berk shire points rather than from Hertford. John Felowe of Ellesborough, husbandman, in 1452 obtained pardon for nonappearance in a lawsuit. (Pat. Rolls, 1452-61, p. 5.) Henry Felowe, in 1482 of Hughenden, was defendant in a suit by an Oxfordshire landowner. (Camden Soc., 3rd ser., xxx, 146.) Robert Felowe of Ellesborough in 1526 was listed on the subsidy roll. (Oxford Hist. Soc., lxiii, 226.) John Fellowe in 1559 was wedded at Hughenden. From this date the parish registers contain a continued series of entries of the name. ( Philli more, Par. Reg. Ser., Bucks, vii.) John Fellow in 1559 was wedded at Great Hampden, from which date the parish registers show a series of Fellow and Fellowe entries as late as 1644. (Ebblewhite, Par. Reg. Great Hampden.) Thomas Fellow, about 1564, was decedent at Hitchenden or Hughenden, with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xxviii, 139.) 50 Jane Fellow in 1573 was wedded at Burnham. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Bucks, v, 33.) Margery Fellowe, daughter of Richard Fellowe of Hughenden, in 1587 was licensed to wed. (Harl. Soc., xxv, 165.) Thomas, Nicholas, and John Fellowe, heirs of Robert Fellowe of Hugh enden were involved in a chancery suit over the paternal estate at some period in the Elizabethan reign. ( Cal. Proc. Chancery, Reign Eliz., i, 291, 300, 302.) John Fellowe in 1593 was buried at Great Marlow, from which entry in the parish registers extends a series to lfl08. (Bucks Par. Reg. Soc., iii.) John Fellowe in lfl()() was wedded at Chesham, at which place the par ish registers show the name as late as 1635. (Bucks Par. Reg. Soc., iv.) John Fellowe of Langley Marish in 1<501 was wedded at West Drayton, Midd. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Middlesex, ii, 146.) Robert Fellowe of Hughenden in 1602 was decedent with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xxv, 150.) George Fellow in 1607 was wedded at Stoke Pogis. (Bucks Par. Reg. Soc., ix, 4.) Editha Fellowe in 1008 was wedded at Bledlow. (New Eng. Hist. Gen. Reg., lxv, 68.) Jane Fellowe in 1611 was wedded at High Wycombe, at which place the parish registers show entries extending at least to 1664. ( Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Bucks, vi.) Elizabeth Fellow in 1629 was wedded at Little Missenden. ( Phillirnore, Par. Reg. Ser., Bucks, vii, 104.) Richard Fellow in 1630 was wedded at Hedgerley. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Bucks, iv, 139.) Mary Felloe in 1631 was wedded at Bledlow. (New Eng. Hist Gen. Reg., lxv, 69.) Daniel Fellow in 1633 was wedded at Pitstone. ( Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Bucks, i, 133.) Hugh Feilow in 1637 was parish clerk at Bishops Woburn, close by the Berkshire border. (Cal. St. Pap., Domestic, 1637, p. 398.) Hester Fellow of Langley, daughter of George Fellow, tailor, in 1638, was licensed to wed. (Harl. Soc., xxvi, 237.) Jane Fellow in 1641 was married at Soulbury. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Bucks, i, 95.) 51 FELLOW IN CENTRAL ENGLAND Coincidently with the appearance of the surname in Somerset shire it appears also in Worcestershire. From this point too, there seems to have been a line of migration, leading northerly and northe.asterly, instead of eastward, and made, to all appearances, by a single family stock. Beginning with the first appearance in 1236 in Worcestershire, the name is found in 1270 in Stafford, in 1318 in Leicester, in 1371 in Derby, in 1404 in Cheshire, and in 1502 in N otts. As is the case with the more southern group bearing the name, there are found a few instances of apparent sporadic movements laterally. Such are shown by appearances in 1251 in Gloucester, in 1330 in Warwick, in 1332 in Hereford, and in 1451 in Pembroke. W orcester.-In this county the earliest appearance of the name in 1236 corresponds very closely with the beginnings of the name in Somerset, farther south. These who bore the name may have been offshoots of Somerset stock. About 1270 a group appeared at the northern border of the county. Later, appearances were made at points on the western border. Such family stocks as thus existed seem to have been wiped out in 1349 by the Black Death. After that time there are instances of clerical bearers of the name but no clear evidence of established families. Ralph Felagh in 1236 was one of the two royal commissioners em powered to apply local funds of Worcester to the building of city walls. (Pat. Rolls, 1232-47, p. 155.) He died in 1237. (Close Rolls, 1234-37, p. 490.) Eustice le Felawe of Worcester about 1240 deeded land af Rowsell, a few miles from that city. ( Cal. Anc. Deeds, iii, 286.) Hugh Falage lived about 1250 in St. Alban parish, Worcester, and H. Falage lived in St. Andrew parish. (Camden Soc., 1st ser., xci, 110a, 116a.) William le Felawe in 1270 was concerned in a land dispute at Hales manor, near Dudley. ( Court Rolls Hales Manor, p. 15.) Thomas Felawe in 1274 was summoned before the manor court of Hales manor. (Court Rolls. Hales Manor, p. 49.) Alicia Felawe and Matilda le Felawe from 1274 to 1302 were frequently 52 called before the manor court of Hales manor. ( Court Rolls Hales Manor.) William le Felawe about 1279 was carried on the subsidy roll as a tax payer of Worcester city. (Bund, Lay Subsidy Roll, p. 5.) James le Felawe and Philip le Felawe about 1280 appeared as witnesses to deeds of Worcester city premises. (Bloom, Orig. Chart. Wore., pp. 24, 113.) Richard le Fello in 1286 was a tenant of premises at Shelsley Beau champ. (Bund, Wore. Inquis., pp. 26, Zl.) William Fallo in 1349 was chaplain at Acton Beauchamp. (Nash, Coll. Hist. Wore., i, 9.) William Felow of St. Oswald's hospital in Worcester in 1436 was or dained to the priesthood by the bishop of Hereford. ( Cant. & York Soc., xxiii, 321, 323.) Roger Felowe in 1465 was chap!::·. at Feckenham. (Nash, Coll. Hist. Wore., i, 444.) Richard Fellow of Dudley in 1599 to 1601 was repeatedly marked for arrest on sheriff's writs, offence not stated. (Bund, Wore. Quar. Sess. Pap., pp. 21, 30, 40, 42.) Stafford.-Appearances of the name from about 1270 onward at widely separated intervals suggest sporadic migrations into the county at various times, probably from Worcestershire points in the earlier periods. Apparently the region about Burton became the home of a settled family stock. Richard Felawe about 1Z70 was witness to a deed to the chaplain of Lichfield. (Hist. Mss. Comm. Rep., xiv, app. 8, p. 230.) Joan Fellowe, late of ~urton, in 1433 was sued for removal of wheat from premises near Burton. (Staff. Hist. Coll., 1st ser., xvii, 146.) John Fallowe and John Felow in 1565 were deceased leaving estates probated at Lichfield. (Index Lib., vii, '207.) John Fellowe in 1572 was one of the plaintiffs suing for land at Tip ton, near Dudley. (Staff. Hist. Coll., 1st ser., xiii, 291.) John Fellowe, in Elizabeth's time, sued as executor to obtain premises at Tatenhill, near Burton. ( Cal. Proc. Chancery, Reign Eliz., i, 299.) William Fellowe in 1605 was deceased with estate for probate. (In dex Lib., vii, 213.) Thomas Fellow in 1638 was deceased with estate for probate by Lich field court. ( Index Lib., vii, 436.) Leicester.-The surname appeared in 1318 in this county, be fore the Black Death, and disappeared. It reappeared in 1449 on 53 the southern border, in location sufficiently remote from previous locations to make speculation uncertain as to the source of its migration. Its later appearances were chiefly in this southern district. John Felawe in 1318 was entered on the tallage roll of Leicester city. (Bateson, Recs. Boro. Leices., i, 310.) John Felough in 1449 held premises at Market Harborough. John Felowes, probably the same, witnessed a deed in 1453. (Stocks, Market Harb. Par. Recs., pp. 174, 176.) Thomas Fellowe, in 1564 of Foxton, was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xxvii, 47.) Alexander Fallowe of Billesdon in 1569 was deceased with estate for probate. ( Index Lib., xxvii, 53.) William Feloe, alias Cara, of Sheepshead, in 1611 was deceased with estate for probate. ( Index Lib., xxvii, 98.) Robert Fellow in 1630 witnessed a marriage settlement for Gumley lands. ( Crisp, Fragrnenta Geneal., xi, 113.) Thomas and William Fellowe of Foxton in 1630 were deceased with estates for probate. (Index Lib., xxvii, 126.) Thomas Fellowe of Turlaughton and William Fellowe of Laughton in 1635 were deceased with estates for probate. (Index Lib., xxvii, 135.) Elizabeth Fellowe of Gumley in 1635 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., xxvii, 193.) Robert Fellowe of Foxton in 1636 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., xxvii, 136.) Nathaniel Fellowe of \Vhetston in 1639 was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xxvii, 143.) Derby.-The surname appeared in 1371, apparently with off shoots from the Burton district in Stafford. Later data show scattered locations of the name in other parts of the county, chiefly along the eastern edge, which may easily have come from the Burton district. Henry Felawe of Eggington in 1370 or 1371 was a victim of manslaugh ter done in self-defense. (Pat. Rolls, 1370-74, p. 52.) William Felowe from 1451 to 1465 was rector of the church at Shir land. (Cox, Omrches of Derbyshire.) William Felowe of Pinxton in 1540 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., vii, 39.) 54 Hugh Fellow in 1586 was wedded at Selston, his home being at "Heyn'', perhaps Heanor, in Derbyshire. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Notts, xi, 21.) John Fellow of Glossop in 1640 was deceased with estate for probate. ( Index Lib., vii, 436.) Chesliire.-Beginning in 1404 the name appears at various points in the western part of the county, suggesting migration from points in Staffordshire. Thomas Felawe in 1404 furnished bond for Cheshire men in the pala• tine court. (Hist. Soc. Lane. Chesh., xxxv, 121.) Thomas Felagh in 1417 was listed as an archer at Broxton. (Cheshire Sheaf, new ser., vi, 96.) Roger Felowes of Bruera Abbey in 1440 was ordained at Ludlow by the bishop of Hereford. ( Cant. & York Soc., xxiii, 3-35.) John Felowe, presumably a priest, about 1522 was listed for subpoena in star chamber suit over Peckforton premises. (Lane. Chesh. Rec. Soc.; bcxi, 120.) John Fellow in 1535 was rector of Coddington. (Valor Eccles., v, 212.) John Fella, parson at Coddington, was involved in a star chamber suit. (Cheshire Sheaf, new ser., v, 60.) Elizabeth Fellow in 1615 was licensed to -wed at Tattenhall. (Lane. Otesh. Rec. Soc., liii, 177.) Elizabeth Fellow in 1629 was wedded at Chester. (Farrall, Reg. Holy Trinity, p. 59.) N ottingham.-From 1502 onward the name appears chiefly along the western border, so near to previous locations in Derby• shire as to imply migrations from the latter county. In this region a prolific family stock seems to have found place. Robert Felow in 1502 was vicar · of Greasley and grantee of lands at Watnall. (Cal. Anc. Deeds, ii, 336.) He still held the vicarate about 1535. (Valor Eccles., v, 156, 159.) Thomas Felowe of Selston in 1558 was deceased leaving estate for pro• bate. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xiv, 54.) John Fellowe in 1565 was wedded at Hucknall-Torkard. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Notts, ix, 52.) Isabelle Fellowe in 1571 was wedded at Selston; the first of a series of entries in the parish registers extending to 1628. ( Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Notts, xi, 19.) 55 William Fellou in 1573 was wedded at Nottingham. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Nott. City, i, 5.) William Fellowe, in 1583, lived in Nottingham city. (Recs. Baro. Not tingham, iv, 210.) The widow Felowe, in 1595 was listed on the subsidy roll for Notting ham. (Recs. Boro. Nottingham, iv, 242.) Bridget Fellow in 1W4 and Thomas Fellow in 1605 were wedded at Greasley. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Notts., viii, 99.) Oare Felloe in 1606 was wedded at Sutton-in-Ashfield. (Phillirnore, Par. Reg. Ser., Notts, xi, 53.) Hugh Fellowe of Bagthorpe, husbandman, in 1606, was buried at Sels ton, leaving estate for probate. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xxvi, 39.) Thomas Fellow in 1608 and another Thomas Fellow in 1610 were wedded at Basford. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Notts, vi, 35.) William Fellow of Bagthorpe, husbandman, in 1617 was buried at Sels ton, leaving estate for probate. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xxviii, 42.) Thomas Fellowe, shepherd, of Radford, was deceased in 1624 with es tate for probate. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xxxii, 33.) Other counties.-A number of instances of isolated appearances of the name in other counties seem to indicate lateral migrations not followed, except perhaps in Herefordshire, by establishments of family stocks. These instances may for the most part be re ferred with some probability to origins in the Worcestershire centers. Jordanus le Felawe in 1251 held a virgate of land at Hinton manor on the northern edge of Gloucestershire. (Chron. and Mem., No. 33, iii, 58.) Adam Felau in 1330 was rent-paying tenant on land at Napton, on the eastern edge of Warwickshire. (Cal. Anc. Deeds, v, 227.) Stephen Felawe of Byford, son of Geoffrey Felawe, in 1332 to 1334 was ordained in succession subdeacon, deacon, and priest by the bishop of Hereford. (Cant. & York Soc., ix, 129, 136, 147.) John Felawe in 1343 to 1346 was ordained in succession acolyte, sub deacon, and deacon by the bishop of Hereford. ( Cant. & York Soc., viii, 413, 425, ix, 19<).) William Felowe in 1451 resigned the pastorate of Roscrother in Pem brokeshire. (Pat. Rolls, 1446-52, p. 418.) Elizabeth Fellow in 1575 was wedded at Slimbridge in Gloucestershire. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Glaue., xi, 116.) 56 FELLOW IN EASTERN ENGLAND A distinct group of appearances of the Fellow name is found in the eastern counties. Suffolk, where the name appears in 1280, seems the original point to which later appearances, for the most part, may be referred for direct or indirect derivation. However, the interpretation of the evidence for this group in detail is much less satisfying in its deductions than in the case of the same surname in western and central England. The evi dence does not warrant the presumption of one main line of migration. There seems rather to have been a number of un related movements, part of them, very probably, by sea from port to port. Furthermore, while most of the migrations can be very plausibly assigned to Suffolk beginnings, there are appear ances in 1296 in Sussex and in 1332 in Surrey which may or may not have been connected with Suffolk beginnings. So far as generalizations may be made, apart from the Sussex-Surrey in stances, it would seem that the surname began in 1280 in Suffolk, spreading by both land and sea routes, in 1302 to Nor£ olk, in 1319 to Essex, in 1323 to London, and in 1441 to Kent, and that besides these movements there were also westward inland migra tions carrying the name to points where it appeared in 1326 in Cambridge, in 1347 in Hertford, in 1482 in Bedford, and in 1550 in Middlesex. Suffolk.-The name Felawe appears coincidently in 1280 at two points in the W a veney valley, one being the coast town Lowestoft, the other an inland point then called Blakebourn, not far from Hopton. In these two districts the name persisted un til the year 1349 when the Black Death came. After the pestilence the name is found in 1432 near ipswich, at which place, and points round about, it became thenceforth familiar, being apparently borne by a vigorous family stock with many branches. In 1524 the name reappears in the Waveney valley at Hoxon and at Lowe stoft, indicating that the Black Death left some remnants of the older stock in those districts. At the same time the name appears at Bramfield, where it is traceable for decades as a fruitful family 57 stock. From 1577 onward some bearers of the name are at Thor ington. The name was well established in Suffolk up to the year 1650, the limit of this study. John Fellawe in 1200 held premises at Lowestoft. (Rot. Hundred., ii, 161.) Nicholas Felawe and Bele le Felawe in 128) held premises at Blake boum. (Rot. Hundred., ii, 158.) Walter Felige in 1283 was a taxable on the subsidy roll of Hopton. (Powell, Suff. Hund. in 1283.) Nicholas Felagh in 1316 was concerned in alienation of church prop erty at HOpton. (Pat. Rolls, 1313-17, p. 476; Cal. Rot. Cbart., p. 245.) John Felawe of Ipswich in 1427 obtained a royal order of protection. (East Anglian, 3d ser., xiii, 106.) John Felawe of Ipswich in 1432 deeded land at Thurlestone, two miles from Ipswich. ( Cal. Anc. Deeds, ii, 193, 230.) John Felawe about 1437 was defendant in a chancery suit over premises at Ipswich. (Pub. Rec. Office Lists and Indexes, xii,_ 102.) Richard Felawe from 1445 to 1482 appeared often as a merchant and port officer of Ipswich. ( See next section.) John Fellaw in 1464 was a grantee of premises at Harwich. (Cal. Anc. Deeds, iii, 305.) Robert Fellawe in 1474 was a commissioner to investigate charges of piracy at Orwell. (Pat. Rolls, 1467-77, p. 428.) John Fellowe about 1510, was deceased at Bawdsey, leaving will for probate. ( Crisp, Cal. Ipswich Wills.) John Felow in 1524 was a taxable on the subsidy roll for Hoxon. (Suff. Green Book, x, 199.) Nicholas Felawe in 1524 was a taxable on the subsidy roll for Lowestoft. ( Suff. Green Book, -x, 244.) Robert, William, Robert jr., and John Feta in 1524 were subsidy tax. , ables at Bramfield. (Suff. Green Book, x, 103, 104.) William and Robert Fella, about 1530, were deceased at Bramfield with wills for probate. ( Crisp, Cal. Ipswich Wills.) John Felowe, gentleman, of Hoxon, in 1531 sued in chancery to protect property interests in Norfolk. (Cal. Proc. Chancery, Reign Eliz., i, 127.) John Felaye in 1539 had a child baptized and buried at Bram.field. From this date onward the parish registers contain many entries of this family, where name is spelled Felaye or Felay up to 1559. Felowe or Felow from 1547 to 1566, Fellow and Fellowe in 1568, 1573, and 1589, Fallow and Fallowe from 1569 to 1575, Falla from 1575 to 1585, and Fela or Fella 58 from 1580 to 1596, when a gap occurs in the existent records. (Hill, Reg. Bramef elde.) John Felaye of Bramfi.eld about 1558 was deceased with estate for pro bate. ( Crisv, Cal. Ipswich Wills.) Thomas Fella of Bram.field and Nicholas Fellow of Lowestoft about 1559 were deceased with estates for probate. (Crisp, Cal. Ipswich Wills.) Robert Felawe and John Felowe in 1568 were taxables on the subsidy roll for Brarnfi.eld. (Suff. Green Book, xii, 51.) Dorothy Fallowe in 1569 was wedded at Kelsale. (trisp, Par. Reg. Kelsale.) Robert Fellowe of Bramfield, about 1570, was deceased with estate for probate. ( Crisp, Cal. Ipswich Wills.) Robert Fella, about 1574, of Bramfield, was deceased with estate for probate. (Crisp, Cal. Ipswich Wills.) Robert Fellowe, probably about 1575, sued in chancery for possession of property from the estate of his father Robert Fellowe, at Bramfield. (Cal. Proc. Chancery, Reign Eliz., i, 29CJ.) Edward Fellowe in 1577 had a child baptized and buried at Thorington. From this date the parish register shows a family established at this point, as late at least as 1654. Fellow in 1623, Fella in 1640, and Felloe in 1654, are variant forms in the registers. (Hill, Reg. Par. Thorington.) Margaret Fellow, of Bram.field, about 1578, was deceased with estate for probate. ( Crisp, Cal. Ipswich Wills.) Nicholas Fellow of Bramfield, about 1580, was deceased with estate for pro bate. ( Crisp, Cal. Ipswich Wills.) George Fellowe in 1007 was wedded at Brundish. (Crisp, Par. Reg. Brundish.) Thomas Fella in 1611 of Halesworth, was copyist of a genealogical work. (Misc. Geneal. Herald, new ser., iv, 104, 106.) Margaret Fella of Bramfield, in 1622 was licensed to wed at Great Glen ham. (Crisp, Marr. Lie. Suff.) Zachariah Fella of Bramfield in 1631 was licensed .to wed at Bading ham. (Crisp, Marr. Lie. Suff.) John Fella of Bramfield in 1632 was licensed to wed at Blyford. (Crisp, Marr. Lie. Suff.) William Fella and wife of Bramfield in 1635 were mentioned in the will of a cousin. (New Eng. Hist. Gen. Reg., 1, 276.) Thomas Fellowe of Bramfield in 1639 was licensed to wed at Spexhall. (Crisp, Marr. Licenses Ipswich.) George Fellow in 1640 was wedded at Tannington. (Crisp, Par. Reg. Tannington.) 59 George Fellowe in 1640, as constable of Dennington, reported the ship money collections, which included his own assessment. (Redstone, Ship Money Returns, pp. 147, 148.) John Fella of Bramfield in 1640 paid ship money, as did also William, senior and junior, and Thomas, all of Bramfield. (Redstone, Ship Money Returns, p. 78.) Edward Fella of Ilketshall and Zachary Fella of Wenhaston in 1640 paid ship money. (Redstone, Ship Money Returns, pp. 2.9, 77.) Richard Felawe of Ipswich.-Sufficient entries exist relative to the merchant Richard Felawe to indicate that he rose to a local position of some considerable importance in his town. Beginning in 1445 with his acquisition of a papal license, his personal activi ties can be traced until his death, apparently in 1482. While his property and position were evidently such as to qualify him for armiger it does not appear that he ever assumed that status. Richard Fellawe in 1445, being "layman, nobleman, lord of the place of Keystrete in Orwell,'' received papal license to choose his own confessor. (Papal Reg., ix, 517.) Richard Felawe, merchant, in 1446 received a grant from Ipswich bailiffs. ( Hist }yfss. Con1In. Rep., ix, pt 1, 235.) Richard Felowe in 1449 was one of six commissioners to investigate smuggling at Ipswich. (Pat. Rolls, 1446-52, p. 273.) Richard Felawe in 1450 was one of four commissioners to seize goods of Hansa merchants. (Pat. Rolls, 1446-52, p. 431.) Richard Felawe in 1452 was one of four persons licensed to export cloth from Ipswich to raise funds for walling Harwich. (Pat. Rolls, 1446-5:2, p. 528.) Richard Felowe in 1460 was appointed customs officer at Ipswich. (Pat. Rolls, 1452-61, p. 635.) Richard Felowe in 1461 was one of four commissioners to furnish sup• plies for the royal navy. (Pat. Rolls, 1461-67, p. 13.) Richard Felawe in 1461 was one of a commission to promote popular support of a fleet for the war, to be built by the eastern counties. (Pat. Rolls, 1461-67, p. 33.) Richard Felawes in 1463 and 1464 filed accounts as escheator. (Pub. Rec. Office Lists and Indexes, xi, 310.) Richard Fellawe in 1464 was one of nine commissioners to inquire into and arrest for disloyalties in Norfolk and Suffolk. (Pat. Rolls, 1461-67, p. 348.) Richard Felawe in 1469 was again appointed customs officer at Ipswich. ( Pat. Rolls, 1467-77, p. 167.) Richard Felowe in 1470 was plaintiff in a debt suit, defendant obtain ing pardon for non-appearance. (Pat. Rolls, 1467-77, p. 202.) Richard Felawe in 1470 deeded land at Ipswich. (Cal. Anc. Deeds, iii, 9.) Richard Felawe, merchant, son of John Felawe, and Agnes, wife of Richard, in 1476 had the friars preachers of Ipswich pray for the souls of their parents. (Brit. Mus. mss.) Richard Fellow in 1482 was one of the lessees of premises from the rec tor of Akenham. (Copinger, Co. of Suff., i, 15.) Richard Felawe on date of January 2, 1482, executed his will. (Hist. Mss. Comm. Rep., ix, pt 1, 246.) Richard Felawe in 1484 was mentioned as plaintiff in a debt suit, de fendant pardoned for non-appearance. (Pat. Rolls, 1476-85, p. 467.) Richard Felawe in 1509 was mentioned in a royal pardon to George Fastalf, who was son of John Fastalf and of the daughter of Richard Felawe and Agnes Tymperle. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, new ser., i, 240.) Susser.-The Felagh name appears in 1296 as that of settled householders already possessed of taxable interests. Two of the three live near the coast. Indications are that the name appeared earlier in the ·century at the coast and was carried inland by per sonal migrations later. The Black Death apparently swept the name from the county in 1349. Richard Felagh in 1296 was on the subsidy list for Hove in Lewes rape. (Sussex Rec. Soc., x, 42.) John Felagh in 1296 was on the subsidy list for Heighton in Pevensey rape. ( Sussex Rec. Soc., x, 25.) Johanna Felaghe in 1296 was on the subsidy list for Henhurst hundred in Hastings rape. (Sussex Rec. Soc., x, 12.) Richard Felaghe of Burton in 1318 was victim of a thievish cleric. (Baigent, Reg. Bishop Sandate, pp. 102, 405.} William Felagh in 1327 was on the subsidy roll for Pulburgh in Arun dell rape. (Sussex Rec. Soc., x, 146.) Robert and Dionis le Felagh in 1327 were taxables in Bishopston, in Pevensey rape. ( Sussex Rec. Soc., x, 193.) John le Felagh in 1327 was a taxable at Heighten in Pevensey rape. (Sussex Rec. Soc., .x, 201.) Richard Felaghe in 1332 was a taxable at Easthall in Pevensey rape. ( Sussex Rec. Soc., x, 303.) 61 Robert and Thomas le Felaghe in 1332 were taxables at Bishopston in. Pevensey rape. (Sussex Rec. Soc., x, 305.) Norfolk.-The name appears in 1302 in the Waveney valley, close to the Suffolk line, suggesting kinship with the families on the Suffolk side. With the Black Death the name disappeared for two centuries. In 1535 and later years there are sporadic appear ances only. Roger Felawe in 1302 was a tenant at Redenhale. (Feudal Aids, iii, 395.) John Felawe in 1322 was one of a large party accused of piratical attack on a German trading vessel near Blakeney. (Pat. Rolls, 1321-24, p. 159.) John Felow in 1535 was one of the force of St. Egidius hos•pital at Norwich. ( Valor Eccles., ii, 292.) Francis Felow in 1584 was wedded at Holme Hale. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Norf., v, 24.) Richard Fallo we in 1592 was wedded at Homingtof t. ( Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Nor£., viii, 117.) Thomas Fellowe in 1606 was wedded at Tatterford. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Nor£., vi, 119.) Henry Fellowe in 1620 was wedded at Congham. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., ix, 39.) Essex.-In this county the appearances of the name seem to be merely sporadic, indicative of lateral migration by individuals. John Felawe in 1319 was one of a party accused of assault and plunder at Colchester and Stanway. (Pat. Rolls, 1317-21, pp. 475, 479.) John Feloe in 1566 was baptized at South Weald. (Hovenden, Reg. South Weald.) William Fellowe in 1567 was wedded at Chelmsford. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Essex, ii, 14.) Anne Fellowe in 1500 ·was wedded at Chelmsford. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Essex, ii, 22.) London ( city proper) .-The earlier instances of the name from 1323 onward afford no data as to whether it is borne bv.. estab- lished stocks or merely by migrated individuals. In later years there appear to have been settled families in the parishes of St. Olave Hart Street and St. James Cler ken wall, but elsewhere the name seems to have been sporadic. 62 John Felawe in 1323 was bequeathed two shops in Eastcheap in recog nition of past service. (Cal. Wills Ct of Hustings, i, 342.) Thomas Felawe in 1389 was one of six giving security for the good be haviour of a chaplain toward his rector. ( Oose Rolls, 1389-92, p. 65.) Thomas Felawe in 1398 was a chaplain and was bequeathed an annuity. (Cal. Wills Ct of Hustings, ii, 357.) John Felowes, citizen merchant, in 1436 was pardoned for non-appear ance in a debt suit. (Pat. Rolls, 1429-36, p. 485.) William Felowe in 1473, executor of an estate, sued to enforce a debt. (Pat. Rolls, 1467-77, p. 381.) William Felowe, merchant, in 1518 obtained royal pardon for all out standing offences. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, ii, pt 2, p. 1398.) Secilia Felowe in 1576, widow, was licensed to wed. (Harl. Soc., xxv, 68.) Katherine Fellowe in 1584 was buried· in parish St. Olave Hart Street. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xlvi, 119.) Oliver Fellowe in 1597 was parent of two children buried in parish St. James Oerkenwall. Other parish register entries for his family extend as late as lro7, the name being also spelled Fallowe. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xvii, 61 etc.) Elizabeth Fallowe in 1003 was wedded in parish St James Clerkenwall. (Harl Soc., Reg. Ser., xiii, 26.) Robert Felow in 1003 was parent of a child buried in parish St. Olave Hart Street. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xlvi, 136.) Juliana Fellowe, widow of Robert Fellowe, in lt504 was licensed to wed, being of St. Sepulchre parish. (Harl. Soc., xxv, 281.) William Fellowe, scrivener, in 1605 was licensed to wed, being of St. Mildreds Bread Street parish. (Harl. Soc., xxv, 293.) Helline Fallowe in 1610 was wedded in parish St. James Clerkenwall. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xiii, 35.) William Felo in 1610 was wedded in parish St. Peters Cornhil1, he being of St. Leonards Eastcheap. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., i, 247.) William Fello in 1616 had a son christened in St. Olave Hart Street because his own church of All Saints Stayning was undergoing building. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xlvi, 30.) Margery Fellow in 1626 was wedded in parish St. James Clerkenwall. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xiii, 56.) Robert Fellowe in 1642 probated at Canterbury the will of a London merchant's widow of St. Botolphs parish. (Matthews, Year Book, iii, 205.) Ann Fellow in 1649 was wedded in parish St. Benet and St. Peter Paul's Wharf. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xxxix, 30.) 63 Cambridge.-Occurrences of the name in the southern part of the county prior to the Black Death indicate probably a migra tion from Suffolk, and subsequent destruction of the migrated units. Margery and William Felawe in 1326 appeared on the subsidy roll for Shingay. (East Anglian, 3rd ser., xi, 334.) William Felawe in 1347 again appeared on the subsidy roll for Shingay. (East Anglian, 3rd ser., viii, 260.) Surrey.-The earlier instances of appearance near the western border suggest migration from Sussex groups at the south, there being no nearer groups at that time. Reappearance of the name in the same district long afterward may be due either to local survivals after the Black Death or to migration from Berkshire. In eastern Surrey the earlier instances occur on the bank of the Thames, which fact suggests kinship of the Surrey men with those of London proper. Later appearances in eastern Surrey are perhaps due . to migration from the Thames bank. · Robert de Fellogh in 1332 was on the subsidy roll of Chobham. (Sur rey Rec. Soc., ~viii, 54.) Thomas Felawe about 1398 held a pasture at Horsleydown as tenant. ( Surrey Arch. Soc. Coll., i, 162.) Stephen Felowe in 1538 and 1540 was one of the pensioned monks of Bermondsey. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, xiii, pt 1, 303; xv, 545.) William Fella in 1550 was wedded at Bermondsey. (Par. Regs. Ber mondsey.) Thomas Felow in 1553 was wedded at Beddington. (Par. Reg. Soc., lxxvi, 23.) Richard Fellowe in 1573 was listed as pikeman in the musters at Win dlesham. (Surrey Rec. Soc., iii, 170.) Richard Fellowe in 1584 was listed as hillman in the musters at Bisley. One of the name about this time was also hillman at Frimly. (Surrey Rec. Soc., ii, 56, 70, 129.) Elizabeth Fellowe in 1608 was wedded at \i\Tandsworth. (Squire, Reg. Wandsworth.) William Felow of Croyden in 1608 was wedded at Beddington. ( Par. Reg. Soc., lxxvi, 26.) Thomas Fellow in 1612 was christened at Beddington. (Par. Reg. Soc., lxxvi, 43.) 64 Elizabeth Fellow, widow, in 1619 was buried at \Vandsworth. (Squire, Reg. Wandsworth.) Thomas Fellow in 1631 was buried at Beddington. (Par. Reg. Soc., lxxvi, 43.) Thomas Fellowe of Croyden in 1631 was de~sed with will probated at Canterbury. (Matthews, Year Book, i, 84.) Mary Fellow in 1632 was wedded at Beddington. (Par. Reg. Soc., lxxvi, 'Zl.) William Fellow of Beddington in 1650 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Matthews, Year Book, v, 53.) H ertford.-The earlier references indicate locations along the eastern border, probably by migration from Suffolk or Essex. From 1589 onward appear locations near the western border which are probably by migration from the family groups estab lished in Bucks. John Felawe in 1347 was one of a group charged with raiding estates of the earl of Pembroke at Barkway. (Pat. Rolls, 1345--48, p. 307.) John Fe1awe in 1387 witnessed a quitclaim deed for premises at East Reed and Barkway. (Close Rolls, 1385-89, p. 448.), John Falowe, of Barkway, in 1397 obtained royal pardon for non appearance in a lawsuit. ( Pat. Rolls, 1396-~, p. 298.) John Felow in 1446 was a barber and tenant of the Sopwell holdings near St. Albans. (Herts Genealogist, ii, 231.) John Feloe of Sf. Albans in 1469 was deceased ~th estate for probate. (Brigg, Cal. St. Alban Archdeaconry.) . Margaret Fellow in 1589 was wedded at Berkhamstead. ( Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Herts., i, 13.): Robert Fellowe in 1592 was buried at Chipping Barnet (Herts Geneal ogist, ii, 201.) Thomas Fellowe in 1612 was witness to a will of a resident of Chipping Barnet. (Herts Genealogist, iii, 83. ) William Felloe, shoemaker, in 1635 was certified by the minister of St. Albans for emigration to New England. (Hotten, Original Lists.) William Fellowe, brickmaker, of Wigginton, in 1639 was licensed to wed. In 1640 his child was baptized. (Herts Genealogist, ii, 152, 162.) Kent .-The Fellow name in Kent appears at the coast towns at the mouth of the Thames. Probabilities favor migration from the Suffolk channel ports as the cause of its appearance. 65 Richard Felawe in 1441 was killed in a brawl at Faversham by a man whom he attacked. (Pat. Rolls, 1436-41, p. 554.) William Felow of Faversham was deceased in 1452 with estate pro bated at Canterbury. (Index Lib., I, 174.) William Felowe of Faversham in 1474 gave bequest for a chancel light. (Duncan, Test. Cantiana; p. 120.) In 1475 he was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., I, 174.) Thomas Felaw of Faversham in 1486 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., I, 174.) Edmund Felow of Faversham in 1495 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., 1, 174.) Robert Felow of Minster, Sheppey, in 1507 was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., 1, 174.) Peter Fellowe of Minster in 1519 •was deceased with estate for probate. ( Index Lib., 1, 17 4.) Juliane Felowe of Minster, widow in 1527 was deceased with estate for probate. (Index Lib., I, 174.) Thomas Fellowe of Minster in 1534 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., 1, 174.) Thomas Fellow in 1536 was chaplain at St. Sexburgh priory, Shep pey Island. (Kent Arch. Soc., Arch. Cant., vii, 305.) William Feloy of Minster in 1541 was deceased with estate for pro h...... ITnAov T ;1,. 1 17A \ UGI.\,..• \.Lll.U'-,...._ .&..aU•J &J ,l.,I--Y•J Eleanor Felowe, servant, of Minster, in 1543 was deceased with estate for probate. {Index Lib., 1, 174.) John Fellowe in 1546 took part in court proceedings at Sheppey. (Kent Arch. Soc., Arch. Cant., xxv, 289, 290.) Robert Fellowe in 1546 was juryman and creditor at the Sheppey ferry court. (Kent Arch. Soc., Arch. Cant., xxv, 289, 290.) Warren Felow of Stallisfield was in 1550 deceased with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., 1, 174.) Robert Fellowe of Minster in 1558 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Index Lib., 1, 174.) John Fallowe, husbandman, of Westwell, in 1597 was licensed to wed. (Cowper, Cant. Marr. Lie., i, 146.) Robert Fellow, husbandman, of Minster, in 1621 was licensed to wed. (Cowper, Cant. Marr. Lie., ii, 342.) Mary Fell owe, residence unstated, in i632 was licensed to wed. ( Index Lib., xxxiii, i.) Susan Fellow of Sittingbourne in 1635 was licensed to wed. (Cowper, Cant. Marr. Lie., ii, 470.) 66 William Fellow in 1640 was one of those who filed charges against the minister of Dartford. (Camden Soc., 1st ser., lxxx, 119.) Edward Fellow in 1644 became minister of Chislet, the parish registers from 1645 onward showing many entries concerning his family. ( Hoven den, Reg. Chis let.) London ( W estmlinster) .-Appearances of the family name in this district, in the absence of other indications, may be ascribed to migrations from London proper. In this district was lo cated the Whitehall Palace and the offices of the royal house hold. --Fellowe in 1517 was yeoman of the cellar in the royal household. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, ii, pt 2, p. 1475.) William Fellow about 1522 became royal pursuivant. (See next section.) Henry Fellow in 1544 became royal pursuivant. (See next section.) Thomas Fellow in 1561 was wedded in St Margaret's parish. (Burke, Mem. St. Marg., p. 280.) Margery Felow in 1562 was baptized at St. Margaretts. (Burke, Mem. St. Marg., p. 20.) . Margareta Fellow in 1586 was wedded at St Martin's in the Fields. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xxv, 74.) Fellow of Heralds College.-The royal heralds in Tudor times were confidential personal agents of the king, serving usually as ceremonial officers at the royal court, but often sent away as royal messengers on important matters. There were three of ficial grades, known as pursuivan ts, heralds, and kings-at-arms. As a group these officers constituted the corporate College of Arms with authority over the use of armorial insignia. William Fellow about 1522 was made P0rtcullis pursuivant when the holder of that office was promoted to be York herald. (Noble, Hist. Coll. Arms, pp. 120, 122, 130.) William Fellow, probably in 1526, was made Guisnes pursuivant, his office of Portcullis being given to another. (Noble, Hist. Coll. Arms, pp. 97, 130.) William Fellow in i527 was advanced to be Lancaster herald. His personal arms were "Argent, fess nebulae ermined, three griffins heads erased or." (Noble, Hist. Coll. Arms, pp. 120, 127.) vViliiam Fellowe in 1533 made a heraldic visitation in Cheshire. (Harl. Soc., xviii, 259.) 67 William Felowe in 1536 was advanced to be N orroy king-at-arms. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, xi, 89.) Nicholas Fellow, king's herald in 1539, is identified as properly Nicholas Fairlew, erroneously called Fellow. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, xiv, pt 2, p. 306.) William Fellow in 1546 died in office as king-at-arms. (Diet. Nat. Biog., xiv, 418.) Henry Fellow in 1544 was appointed Guisnes pursuivant. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, xix, pt 1, p. 382.) Henry Fellowe in 1549 was one of the College of Arms named in royal patent confirming corporate status. (Noble, Hist. Coll. Arms, app., p. 4.) Henry Fellow was Guisnes pursuivant as late as 1551. (Noble, Hist. Coll. Arms, p. 187.) Middlesex.-The appearance of the name in the rural sections near London is relatively late. The locations involved are at first in the central and eastern parts of the county, suggesting migrations from Essex rather than from Bucks or Berks. Later migrations may have come from· the west. The indications are of scattered households of no permanence as to family stock. Richard Felowe, servant of one Symeon in 1550 was beaten and robbed at Notting Hill, modern Kensington. (Middlesex Co. Recs., i, 5.) Dorothy Fellowe in 1563 was wedded at Finchley. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Midd., vii, 3.) Steven Fellowe in 1603 was wedded; at Enfield. (Phillimore, Par. Ser., Midd., v, 132.) Robert Fellow in 1625 was wedded at Northolt. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Midd., ii, 105.) James Fellow in 1627 was wedded at Northolt. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Midd., ii, 106.) Hannah Fellow of Uxbridge in 1633 was wedded at Hillingdon. (Philli more, Par. Reg. Ser., Midd., ii, 13.) Thomas Fellow, yeoman, of Monken Hadley, in 1644 was in court for inciting his son to attack a "roundhead" neighbor. (Middlesex Co. Recs., iii, 178.) Margaret Fellow in 1646 was wedded at Northolt. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Midd., ii, 107.) Other counties.-Casual mention may be made of two instances of appearance of the name in other counties. In neither case do these counties appear to have become the home of family stocks. 68 Robert le Felawe in 1280 held premises at Spaldwick in Huntingdonshire. (Rot. Hundred., ii, 616.) John Felowe, yeoman, of Boxton, Bedfordshire, in 1482 obtained royal pardon for outlawry due to failure to appear in a debt suit. ( Pat. Rolls, 1476-85, p. 292.) FELLOW MISCELLANY Northeastern counties.-In Durham occurs what is apparently the earliest instance of the surname in England, but there is no succeeding instance in that county. In Northumberland and Yorkshire the surname occurs at dates too early to be assigned to migration from adjacent counties. If not sur vivals of ancient local stocks these instances are probably due to migration by sea from east coast counties. Ralph Felaue in the 12th century was father· of a girl miraculously re stored to sight by St. Godric. (Surtees Soc., xx, 416.) Walter Felagh in 1256 was before the Northumberland assize for killing a man. ( Surtees Soc., lxxxviii, 122.) Richard Felawe of Acomb in 1326 obtained archiepiscopal order for ad mission to the leper hospital at Hexham, Northumberland. (Surtees Soc., xlvi, 129.) John Falage in 1385 was killed by another at Great Houghton, in York shire. (Pat. Rolls, 1385-~, p. 337.) Northwestern counties.-ln the northwestern group the name seems to have found lodgement only in Lancashire, where it appeared as early as 1306, disappearing with the advent of the Black Death. John Felaghe, in 1306 of Whittington, was juror at a property inquisi tion. (Lane. Chesh. Rec. Soc., xlviii, 32Q.) William Felagh in 1324 was fined for breach of peace in Lonsdale wapen take. ( Lane. Chesh. Rec. Soc., xii, 108.) William Felagh in 1334 was pastor of Whittington church. (Lane. Oiesh. Rec. Soc., viii, 361, 362.) Roger Felagh in 1349 was juror in a property inquest at Whittington. (Lane. Chesh. Rec. Soc., lxx, 200.) Una1located.-A few instances of the name can not be assigned to their geographical locations, but may receive casual notice. 69 William Fellow in 1513 was purser of the royal ship Lizard. Willian;i Felowe, presumably the same person, in 1514 was purser of the royal ship Great Elizabeth. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, new ser., i, 1032, 1339, 1470.) John Fellowe in 1581 was one of the parties in a chancery case. Welch names among the parties indicate a location in the western counties. ( Cal. Proc. Chancery, Reign Eliz., iii, 292.) William Fellowe, musician, about 1623, petitioned to the king for release from imprisonment because one of his company sang a song distasteful to his majesty. ( Cal. St. Pap., Domestic, 1623-25, p. 140.) Outside of England.-The opportunities of trade and of war were influences that led to voluntary exile by many Englishmen in all the centuries. John Felaghe, merchant of Brussels, in 1272 obtained royal license relat ing to wool in England. ( Pat. Rolls, 12ci6-72, p. 691.) John Felow, in 1459 was seized and beheaded at Calais by the earl of Warwick for having deserted him when Warwick took arms against the king. (Kingsford, Chron. of London, p. 170.) John Fellowe, baker, of Calais, in 1538 was subjected to forfeiture of property for reason not stated. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, xiii, pt 2, pp. 271, 370, 515.) He was born in Picardy, son of an Englishman of Calais. ( Pub. Rec. Office mss.) Robert Fallow in 1626 was agent at Havre for Galway merchants and sought restoration of goods recaptured from a pirate. ( CaL Pap. Rel. Ireland, 1625-32, p. 151.) Aliens in England.-Passing note may be taken of certain aliens whose names on English soil seem to have taken English form coincident with Fellow or its variants. In no case is there any evidence of establishment of family stocks by these aliens, although such may have occurred. Arnold Fellowe in 1524, Dutchman, was on the subsidy roll for West minster. (Huguenot Soc. Lond., x, pt 1, 4.) Garett Fallowe in 1567, Dutchman, had been resident three years and was then of Aldrichsgate ward, London. (Huguenot Soc. Lond., x, pt 1, 327.) Augustine de Fallyoe, alien, in 1576 was servant to a merchant at Black friars, London. (Huguenot Soc. Lond., x, pt 2, 181.) James Fallowe, alien, in 1582 was servant in Billingsgate ward, London. (Huguenot Soc. Lond., x, pt 2, 240.) Variant from Feller.-From time to time, and in scattered lo cations, the forms Feller and Faller appear. These forms do 70 not appear to represent a distinct surname and are probably colloquial distortions of the name Fellow. Apparently this form never became the established name of any particular family stock. Robert le Felur and John le Filur about 1279 were upon the subsidy roll for Worcester. (Bund, Lay Subsidy Roll, pp. 1, 37.) Richard Feller in 1327 was manucaptor for the burgess sent to parliament from Portsmouth. (Palgrave, Parl. Writs, ii, 362.) John Faler in 1343 was master of a Sandwich barge and was ordered ar rested for disobeying government orders. (Oose Rolls, 1343-46, p. 129.) John Feller, yeoman, in 1399 obtained safe-conduct, having been lately with Sir Thomas de Mortimer. (Pat. Rolls, 1396-99, p. 574.) Robert Feller about 1535 was vicar at Wartling in Sussex. (Valor Eccles. i, 343.) James Faller in 1544 held premises at All Hallowes, London, paying rent to the Carpenters Company. (Marsh, Recs. Co. Carpenters, iii, 23.) Elizabeth Faller, widow, in 1568 of St. Peter's Cornhill, London, was licensed to wed. (Harl. Soc., xxv, 39.) Richard Feller in 1575 was wedded at Didsbury, Lancashire. In 1591 William Feller of that place buried a child. (Lane. Par. Reg. Soc., viii, 3, 184.) Thomas Faller, bachelor, and Elizabeth Faiier, widow, in Hi03 were buried at St. Mary Aldermanbury, London. (Harl Soc., Reg. Ser., v, 150.) John Feler, of Gosberkirk, in 1616 was wedded at Surfieet, Lincolnshire. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Linc., iii, 6.) Thomasine Faller in 1617 was wedded at Plymouth, Devonshire. ( Philli more, Par. Reg. Ser., Devon., ii, 82.) Richard Feller in 1620 was buried at Didsbury, Lancashire. (Lane. Par. Reg. Soc., viii, 214.) Resemblant name Fylowe.-The name Fylowe makes its ap pearance so late in point of time that it must be either a variant of some earlier name or an alien addition. It seems certain that in one case at least it was a variant form of the name Filloll. It may have been such in all cases. Peter Fillowe in 1487 was groom of the king's private spicery. (Pat. Rolls, 1485-94, p. 175.) Peter Fyllowe in 1498 was feed buyer for the royal stables. (Pat. Rolls, 1494-1509, p. 159.) Jasper Philowe was an alias form used in 1506 for Jasper Filloll, late customs collector in Dorset. (Pat. Rolls, 1494-1509, p. 486.) Jasper 71 Fylowe of London in 1526 was gentleman usher of the royal household. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, iv, pt 1, p. 868.) Jasper Phylow in 1535 was commissioner to inspect monastery literature during the period of church alteration. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, viii, 292.) William Philow in 1529 was one of the royal commissioners for examina tion of the heretic Tewksbury. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, v, 272.) Richard Fylowe in 1543 was tenant of London premises included in a royal grant. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, xviii, pt 1, p. 449.) Richard Phylae, in reign of Elizabeth, was plaintiff in chancery for premises in Cambridge. (Cal. Proc. Chancery, Reign Eliz., ~ 151.) Frances Fyloe in 1604 was married at Cambridge. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Camb., vii, 46.) Richard Filoe in 1613 was a draper of Cambridge, deceased with estate for probate. ( Index Lib., xliii, 166.) COMPOUNDED SURNAMES A number of old English surnames are composed in part of the word "fellow". Some undoubtedly derive from that word, while others, perhaps, are merely anglicized foreign names. Whether any are directly derived from the surname Fellow is very doubtful. The following list makes no pre tence of completeness, but is illustrative of this group of surnames. Henry Godfelag in 1231 was probably engaged in teaming supplies to the army in Wales. ( See next section.) Roger Wyitfelawe in 1264 held a life tenure in premises at Pegsdon, Bedfordshire. ( Cal. Anc. Deeds, iii, 268.) Richard Fairfalagh in 1318 was tenant in the manor of Welde, Essex. (Pat. Rolls, 1317-21, p. 208.) Philip Hendefelawe in 1333 was one of a party charged with robbery of a stranded Norman ship at Tynemouth, Northumberland. (Pat. Rolls, 1330-34, p. 445.) Nicholas Alfelagh in 1340 was one of the king's sumpter men whose wages were provided for by warrant. (Close Rolls, 1339-41 1 p. 356.) John Whitfelawe in 1367 conveyed lands to Ramsey Abbey in Hunting donshire. (Close Rolls, 1377-81, p. 412.) John Smalfelawe in 1379 received a quitclaim of Beston manor in Bed fordshire. (Oose Rolls, 1377-81, p. 246.) Thomas Litfelay in 1389 was master of a London owned ship sailing to Berwick on Tweed. (Close Rolls, 1385-89, p. 578.) 72 John Trefelow in 1397 was pardoned for his agency in a death, prob ably in or about London. (Pat. Rolls, 1396-99, p. 69.) Richard Langfelowe in 1497 acquired lands in Yorkshire. ( See follow ing section.) Henry Stryngf elowe of Cheshire about 1550 was involved in a star chamber suit. (Cheshire Sheaf, 3rd ser., v, 65.) Agnes Boumfellowe in 1560 was wedded at Woodton, Norfolk. (Philli more, Par. Reg. Ser., Nor£., v, 48.) Thomas Bunfellowe in 1569 and Margaret Bunfellowe in 1580 were wedded at Ditchingham, Norfolk. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Nor£., v, 82, 83.) Dorothea Bunfellowe in 1595 was wedded at Hedenham, Norfolk. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Nor£., iv, 19.) The surname Goodfellow.-Of the compound surnames, that of Goodfellow is the only one which occurs in the older rec ords with any persistence. Its beginnings were cont~ porary with that of Fellow and it undoubtedly derived from the same Norse root word. The eastern counties would seem to have been the normal region of its home centers but mi grations evidently carried it much to :the south and, to some extent, into the west as well. No general survey for this name has been made and the following items are merely illustrative of the antiquity of the name. Henry Godfelag in 1231 obtained royal safe-conduct for holding com munication with the royal forces in Wales. {Pat. Rolls, 122j-32, p. 442.) Roger Godfelawe in 1275 was domiciled at Colchester, in Essex. (Rot. Hundred., i, 163.) Thomas Godfelau in 1293 of Brantingham, Leicestershire, obtained royal pardon for killing a man in self-defence. (Pat. Rolls, 1292-1301, p. 56.) Edmund Godfelawe in 1294 was one of a party charged with carrying away goods at North Walsham, Norfolk. (Pat. Rolls, 1292-1301, p. 212.) Roger Godf elawe in 1305 was burgess in parliament from Bridport, in Dorset. (Palgrave, Parl. Writs, i, 152.) Nicholas Godefelawe in 1340 and 1344 was granted pensions for his long labor in the king's service. (Pat. Rolls, 1340-43, p. 64; 1343-45, p. 302.) Joho Goudf elawe of Southampton, in 1342 was deputy receiver of wool collected to meet costs of war in France. (Close Rolls, 1341-43, p. 562.) William Godefelawe in 1360 was of Hewnes, Bedfordshire, but obtained 73 property at Warden, which, after some legal difficulties he held in 1361. (Pat. Rolls, 1358-61, pp. 436, 565.) · Thomas Goodfelowe of Solihull, Warwickshire, in 1410 was grantee of land. Thomas Godefelow of that place in the same year sold a field. (Cal. Anc. Deeds, i, 481, 482.) John Goodefelagh in 1423 was an agent used in effecting payment by the treasury for royal silver plate purchased. (Devon, Issues Exchequer, p. 385.) Nicholas Godefelawe of Boughton in 1450 obtained royal pardon for participating in the Jack Cade uprising in Kent. (Kent Arch. Soc., Arch. Cant., vii, 244.) John Goodefelaue, vintner, in 14(,() was captured at sea by the duke of Exeter and beheaded at London for alleged attempt to join the Warwick forces at Calais. (Camden Soc., new ser., xxviii, 73.) Robert Goodfellowe sued Nicholas Goodf ellowe in chancery, in reign of Elizabeth, to adjust matters connected with Dorset premises. ( Cal. Proc. Chancery, Reign Eliz., i, 352.) Thomas Goodfellowe, in Reign of Elizabeth, was party to a suit over premises in Staffordshire. (Cal. Proc. Chancery, Reign Eliz., ii, 407.) Thomas Goodfellow in 1582 was wedded at Salisbury, Wilts. (Philli more, Par. Reg. Ser., Wilts., xiii, 19.) The surname Longfellow.-The name Langfelley, later trans formed into Longfellow, appeared in 1475 in Yorkshire and remained within that county for the next three centuries at least. The derivation of the name is not clear. Apparent ly there is no earlier family name from which it could have been evolved by popular µsage. The nickname origin sug gested by the form Longfellow is apparently untenable. Doubtless "Lang" was equivalent to "Long", but it is ques tionable if ''felley" was alternative for "fellow". The form Langfelley suggests rather a place-name origin. The fol lowing instances are merely selected illustrations of family beginnings. James Langfelley, in 1475 a merchant, was made freeman of York city. (Surtees Soc., xcvi, 197.) James Langfellay, in 1486 of Otley, mercer, was deceased with will for probate, in which his brother John Langfellay was mentioned. (Thoresby Soc., xxiv, 331.) 74 Richard Langfelowe. in 1497 acquired land by fine proceeding at Otley, Farneley, and Newall. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., ii, 11.) Peter Langfe1ay in 1506 witnessed the will of an Otley testator. (Thor esby Soc., xxiv, 334.) Peter Langfellowe in 1514 was chaplain to Thomas Magnus, who was king's chaplain, archdeacon, and government agent. (Letts. and Pap. Hen. VIII, new ser., i, p. 1457.) Peter Langfelowe, chaplain, in 1528 was one of a group acquiring lands at Sandwith. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Soc., ii, 51.) Richard Langfelley in 1534 witnessed the will of a Calverley testator. (Thoresby Soc., xi, 291.) William Langfellow in 1535 was bill man at Lethley musters. (Thores by Soc., xv, 115.) Richard Langfellay of Otley in 1538 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Thoresby Soc., xv, 14.) Richard Lang£ ellay, cleric, in 1540 witnessed the will of a Hors forth testator. (Thoresby Soc., xix, 19.) Peter Langfelowe, cleric, and the James Langfellow heirs, in 1540 held premises at different points' in Calverley parish. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., lxi, 39, 41.) William Langfellay of Leathley was deceased in 1544 with will for pro bate, in which are mentioned his son Percival Langfellay and the priest Richard Langfellay. (Thoresby Soc., xix, %, 97.) Percival Langfelloy in 1545 was on the subsidy roll for Fersley. (Thor. esby Soc., xi, 361.) Richard Langfello in 1548 was minister of the chapel adjunct to Aid borough church. (Surtees Soc., xcii, 263.) George Langfellowe of Ilkley in. 1565 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xiv, 98.) John Langfellowe in 1571 was juryman at Wakefield sessions court. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., iii, 173.) Percival Langfellowe of Bagley in 1577 was deceased with estate for probate. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xix, 96.) Thomas Lang£ ell ow of Bagley in 1579 was baptised at Calverley, it being the first of a series of parish register entries of the name. (Mar gerison, Calverley Reg., p. 45.) Peter Longfelowe of Campsall in 1580 was deceased with estate for pro bate. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xix, 100.) 75 DE FALEYSE During the period of English union with Normandy the host of immigrants to English soil included a considerable number from the Norman town of Faleyse, or, using its modem form, Falaise. The surname that was applied to them because of their place of origin was, in its Latin form, De Falesia, in its French form, De Faleyse. By the 13th century the name had become anglicized into Faleys and Falays. Other variants of the French form also appeared. Earlier instances.-The early instances of this surname in the scanty records of the Norman period afford little data for allocating the bearers to counties of residence. William de Falesia, Norman knight, shared in the conquest of Eng land and received, as tenant-in-chief, 17 manors in Devonshire, and 8 others in Dorset, Wilts, and Somerset. ( Domesday Book.) In 1080 he witnessed a royal charter of King William. (Cal. Docs. France, p. 397.) He conferred lands upon the church at Stogursey, Somerset. (Hist. Mss. Comm. Rep., ix, pt 1, p. 353.) Hamon de Falesia in 1126 and 1133 witnessed deeds by William, brother of King Henry. ( Cal. Docs. France, pp. 214, 330.) He appeared in pipe-roll entries in 1130. (Hunter, Mag. Rot. Scace., p. 108.) He also witnessed royal grants. ( Pat.. Rolls, 1330-34, p. 333.) Gislebert de Falesia and Emma de Falesia appeared in 1130 in the pipe• roll entries. (Hunter, Mag. Rot. Scace., pp. 8, 22.) Hugh de Falesia about 1135 held a five-knights fee in Sussex. ( Sussex Arch. Coll., xxvii, 29.) John de Falesia about 1140 witnessed a grant of Oxford lands by the widow of Henry I. ( Charter Rolls, iii, 420.) Alan de Falesia about 1160 witnessed deeds by William, brother of Henry II. ( Cal. Anc. Deeds, ii, 183; Cal. Docs. France, pp. 63, 128, 485.) He also appeared in deeds of Essex and Somerset lands. ( Charter Rolls, ii, 312; Somerset Rec. Soc., viii, 184.) Gaufridus de Falesia in 1165 appeared among the pipe-roll entries. (Pipe Roll Soc., viii, 102, 103.) 76 Odo de Falesia from 1168 to 1178 appeared repeatedly in the pipe-roll entries. (Pipe Roll Soc., xii to xxvii.) Robiou de Falesia in 1186 appeared in the pipe-roll entries. (Pipe Roll Soc., xxxvi, 194.) William de Falesia from 1202 to 1208 was custos of the honor of Gloucester. (Rot. Cancelarii, p. 52; Hardy, Rot. Liberati, p. 12; Hardy, Rot. Oblati, p. 204; Hardy, Rot. Litt. Patent., i, pt 1, 44.) Richard de Faleise from 1204 to 1206 figured in the close rolls. (Hardy, Rot. Litt. Oaus., i, 4--{i3.) Roger de Faleise in 1205 obtained a royal pass. (Hardy, Rot. Litt. Patent., i, pt 1, 49.) Hampsmre.-A family group of some importance appeared as early as 1180 near Southampton, acquiring several manors by marriages. After four or five generations the estates were seized in 1274 by the crown and the surname soon dis appeared. William de la Falesia from 1180 to 1186 made payments to the treasury on properties acquired. (Pipe Roll Soc., xxix, 135; xxxiv, 20CJ; xx.xvi, 170.) William de la Faleise from 1204 to 1215 was perhaps at Winchester as an officer of the royal treasury. (Hardy, Rot. Litt. Qaus., i, various; Hardy, Rot. Litt. Patent., i, pt 1, 102, 103, 136.) Elie de la Falesia and brother William in 1210 appeared in the so called liberati rolls (Hardy, Rot. Liberati, 180, 191) and in 1213 in the wardrobe accounts (Cole, Coll. Docs. Q. Rem., 241, 245). Elie de Faleis in 1215 and 1216 was concerned with minor property in vestitures. (Hardy, Rot. Litt. Claus, i, 235, 250.) William de la Faleise in 1217 obtained royal letters of protection. (Pat. Rolls, 1216-25, p. 37.) William de la Faleise and wife Alicia in 1231 obtained Fordingbridge manor by inheritance. (Roberts, Exe. Rot. Finium, i, 213.) William de la Faleysa was benefactor of Romsey church, time not stated, (Charter Rolls, ii, 105) also of Beaulieu convent (Pat. Rolls, 1313- 17, p. 110). Elias de la Faleise in 1232 took investiture of certain estates of his father William. (Roberts, Exe. Rot. Finium, i, 220.) Elias and William de la Faleise in 1243 were holders of various feudal landed rights. (Book of Fees, ii, 693, 694, (1)7, 698.) William de la Faleise, brother and heir of Elie, in 1248 did homage for estates of the latter (Rot. Original., i, 10; Roberts, Exe. Rot. Finium, ii, 77 40) which seem to have included Rowner manor (Sussex Rec. Soc., ii, 120). Ralph de la Faleyse in 1249 held lands in both Hampshire and Sussex. (Sussex Rec. Soc., ii, 120.) William de la Faleys in 1251 obtained life exemption from court duties. (Pat. Rolls, 1247-58, p. 98.) Elias de la Faleyse in 1251 obtained two years exemption from knight hood and life exemption from ~ourt duties. Elias, son of William, in 1252 obtained royal license to hunt in Hampshire and Dorset forests. (Pat. Rolls, 1247-58, pp. 110, 144.) Elias de la Faleyse, son and heir of William, in 1255 inherited Rowner and Fordingbridge manors (Cal Inq. Post Mort., i, 90, 292,) and did homage for them (Rot. Original., i, 16; Roberts, Exe. Rot. Finium, ii, 214). Ellis (Elias) de la Falayse in 1256 obtained three years exemption from knighthood. (Pat. Rolls, 1247-58, p. 486.) Elyam de la Faleyse in 1257 conceded lands at La.sham. ( Sussex Rec. Soc., vii, 28.) Elias de Phalasia about 1264 gave lands to Quarr Abbey, Isle of Wight. (Cal. Anc. Deeds, i, 291); ii, 397.) · Ellis (Elias) de la Faleyse in 1265 obtained royal letters of protection. ( Pat. Rolls, 1258-66, p. 506.) Ellis (Elias) de la Faleyse died in 1274, his estates going into the king's hands by escheat (Fine Rolls, i, 25) · because of outlawry of William de la Phaleyse, the heir, ( Charter Rolls, ii, 202) and being granted to a new owner (Pat. Rolls, 1272-81, p. 63), carrying their mortgages (Qose Rolls, 1m-96, p. 66). Peter de la Faleys in 1276 appeared in suit for tenure of :&perle manor. (Placit. Abbrev., p. 189.) Alicia, daughter of Elias Faleyse, in 1289 appeared in suit for release of claim on family estates. (Placit. Abbrev., p. 220.) Susse.i-.-In western Sussex, near Thorney, was a family group which held estates in both that county and in Hampshire. There are some indications of kinship with the Hampshire manor lords. The name seems to have died out by failure of male heirs before the Black Death. Elyam de la Faleyse and brother Robert in 1220 conceded property at Stoke. (Sussex Rec. Soc., ii, 41.) Eliam de Falesia in 1222 made property concessions for Stoke property. (Sussex Rec. Soc., ii, 46.) 78 Ralph de la Faleyse in 1243 held lands at Stoke. (Book of Fees, ii, 690.) Ralph de la Faleyse in 1249 held lands at Stoke. ( Sussex Rec. Soc., ii, 120.) Elyam de la Faleyse in 1266 and 1272 was concerned with landed rights at Thorney through his wife. (Sussex Rec. Soc., vii, 57, 78.) Peter de la Faleyse in 1272, with wife Alicia, was concerned with prop erty at West Lavant. (Sussex Rec. Soc., vii, 87.) In 1275 he got royal order extending his debt to a money ·tender. ( Close Rolls, 1272-79, p. 321.) Orristiana de la Faleyse in 1279 appeared in a suit involving Stoke and other manors. (Sussex Rec. Soc., vii, 108.) Alicia de la Faleyse in 1289 joined in concessions of premises at West Lavant. (Sussex Rec. Soc., vii, 151.) Nigel de la Falayse in 1310 and 1311 conceded lands at Steyning and at Ringmer, (Sussex Rec. Soc., xxiii, 8, 10.) In 1318 he -vv-as priest at Old Shoreham. (Ibid, xxiii, 35.) Isabelle atte Faleise in 1327 was on the subsidy roll for Beetling, near Steyning. (Sussex Rec. Soc., x, 163.) Y orkshire.-As early as 1208 the name appeared in southern Yorkshire where a family stock seems to have existed in and about the manor of Drax, bearing the name in anglicized form up to the time of the Black Death. Robert de la Falaise in 1208 was security for a man accused of crime. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xliv, 42.) Roger Falays in 1243 was inquisition juror on lands at Rotherham. (Close Rolls, 1242-47, pp. 61, 62.) Walter and Adam de Faleyse about 1250 were inquisition jurors at Drax manor, Walter being a manor tenant. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xii, 124.) Walter and Adam Falays about 1250 were inquisition jurors at Drax manor. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xii, 127.) Walter de Faleyse, de Falays, in 1272 witnessed two releases at Drax. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., lxiii, 78.) Walter Falyas in 1275 was tenant at Barkstone-Ash, near Drax. (Rot. Hundred., i, 110.) Walter and Robert de Faleyse, de Falays, or Falais, in 1311 were wit nesses to confirmation of grants to Drax priory. ( Charter Rolls, iii, :various.) John Falays in 1328 was referred to as a former tenant of grants con firmed. ( Pat. Rolls, 1327-30, p. 248.) 79 London.-A few scattered instances occur showing presen.ce of the surname in the city, but none of them shows any clear indication of family groups. John de la Faleise in 1214 was mentioned in connection with a mercantile dispute. (Hardy, Rot. Litt. Claus., i, 142.) Thomas de Faleyse in 1251 appeared in a suit, apparently as attorney. (Camden Soc., 1st ser., xxxiv, 18.) John de Faleyse in 1312, 1314, and 1315 received letters of protection for travel as buyer for the queen's wardrobe. (Pat. Rolls, 1307-13, p. 450; 1313-17, pp. 110, 284, 285.) John de Faleyse, king's yeoman, in 1314 was granted life tenure of cer tain rents (Pat. Rolls, 1313-17, p. 187) which he held in 1315 but died the same year. (Fine Rolls, ii, 247, 255.) Stephen de Faleyse in 1315, 1316, and 1317 received letters of protection for travel as buyer for the queen's wardrobe. (Pat. Rolls, 1313-17, pp. 351, 516; 1317-21, p. 21.) Stephen Faloyse in 1316 was the king's tailor. (Archaelogia, xxvi, 336.) H ertford.-One of the name held interests at Shenley at the southern edge of Herts, _but may possibly have been a Lon don man, inasmuch as he witnessed a document in company with the mayor of London. Walter de Faleise about 1220 witnessed transfers of Shenley premises (Cal. Anc. Deeds, i, 123), an aclmowledgement of rent (Cal. Anc. Deeds, iv, 104), and a clerical agreement by which the Shenley church released certain rights (Cal. Anc. Deeds, v, 203). Cheshire.-The scanty reference to the name in Cheshire indi cates existence there, but not an established family stock, at the seaport city. Simon de Faleyse about 1229 witnessed a deed of land at Chester. ( Ches hire Sheaf, vi, 102.) Richard le Phaleys in 1303 paid rent to the chamberlain of Chester for undescribed property. Richard Phaleis in 1304 paid rent for a boat on the Dee. (Lane. Chesh. Rec. Soc., lix, 36, 74.) Richard Falays in 1313 was joint owner of a wine cargo brought from Gascony to Chester. (Lane. Chesh. Rec. Soc., lix, 79.) 80 Suffolk.-A family stock in this county seems to have held important local offices for several generations at Dunwich. It disappeared with the Black Death. John de Falesia in 1231 and 1237 was bailiff of Dunwich. In 1243 he was mayor of Dunwich. (Brit. Mus. mss.) Andrew de la Faleise in 1241 was bailiff of Dunwich. (Brit. Mus. mss.) Augustine de Falesia in 1254 and 1273 was bailiff of Dunwich. In 1283 and 1295 he was mayor of Dunwich. (Brit. Mus. mss.) Elya de la Falesia in 1290 was bailiff of Dunwich. (Brit. Mus. mss.) Augustine de la Faleise in 1300 was in parliament as burgess for Dun wich. Robert de la Faleise was his manucaptor. (Palgrave, Parl. Writs, i, 9 83 FALLAS A generation after the Black Death the surname Fallas ap peared in Yorkshire at Drax, the locality where the name Faleyse had existed before the Death came. There seems little doubt that this new name Fallas was a variant of the older name Faleyse and that it was carried probably by some surviving strain of the older stock. Yorkshire.-The surname is first noted about 1370 in the mar riage of one of the Drax manor land holders. It appears from time to time in the older records and became localized in the district about Leeds, where it is said to be borne at the present time. Christian, daughter of Richard Fallas, about 1370 was wife of Richard n__.IJ'lclA •• UI.-~ n---.L,l'J.c:1.A -annt"1.u. 11v1.. (C:::.11..+...,w.1.1.'-''-'w' ....c, ...,""'" __ ., rvyy1'ii---'l.--- •-; 102)---=, John de Drax, alias Falas, gentleman, of York diocese, in 1399 obtained papal license for plenary remission of sins. (Papal Reg., v, 226.) John Drax, alias Fa.Has, in 1404 was in service with the king's son in Ireland. (Pat. Rolls, 1401-05, p. 421.) Robert Falas of Drax in 1421 was inquisition juror on Drax manor property. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., lix, 171.) Robert Falaux in 1422 was inquisition juror. (ibid.) John Falas was deceased in 1488 when his widow was tenant of N ostell priory on premises at Croften. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., lxi, 115.) Margery Fallas of Christell, in 1572 widow of John Fallas, was buried at Leeds. (Thoresby Soc., i, 91.) Later entries of the name occur in the Leeds registers. (Thoresby Soc., i, iii.) Elizabeth Fallis in 1591 was wedded at Methley. (Thoresby Soc., xii, 42.) Francis Fallis in 1605 was wedded at Skipton and in 1612 christened a child at Skipton. (Stavert. Par. Reg. Skipton, pp. 21, 63.) Other entries occur in the Skipton registers. John Falles of Halton was deceased in 1612 with estate for probate. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xxviii, 163.) 84 Francis Fallys in 1616 was deceased with estate for probate. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xxviii, 163.) London and vicinity.-The Yorkshire family of Drax held close personal relations with the government at London for a long period, beginning apparently with the s·ervice of John Drax in 1404 with the king's son. Possibly it is to this that the appearance of the name Fallas at London is due. With this name may also be cited several names which have the appearance of being va,riants of Fallas, but without certainty. John Falews, citizen and mercer of London, in 1443 obtained pardon for failure to answer in a suit. (Pat. Rolls, 1441-46, p. 125.) Robert Falas in 1449 was server of a summons at London. ( Pat. Rolls, 1446-52, p. 234.) Robert Falas in 1453 obtained premises at Uxbridge, Middlesex. (Hardy Page, Midd. Feet Fines, i, 198.) John Faylles, in 1516 merchant tailor of London, took sanctuary in Yorkshire because of lawsuits. (Surtees Soc., v, 211.) John Fallys in 1528 was deceased with will probated at Canterbury. (Index Lib., 1, 172.) Katherine Fallys of London in 1562 was licensed to wed. (Harl. Soc., XXV, 24.) Johanna Fallys of London in 1570 was licensed to wed. (Harl. Soc., xxv, 46.) John Falles in 1584 was buried at Westminster. (Burke, Mern. St. Marg., p. 444.) Othe-r -resemblant f o-rms.-There are a number of name forms which have sufficient resemblance to Fallas to warrant the grouping of them with that name as possible offshoots and variants of the main stock. At the same time the variation from the standard form is so great in some instances as to m3:ke actual kinship an uncertainty. Of those here shown, some may well be variants of Felice rather than of Fallas. John Falis in 1381 of Chevington, Suffolk, was involved in the popu lar uprisings of that time. ( Powell, Rising in East Anglia.) Robert Falys, chaplain, of Stamford, Lincolnshire, in 1489 was par doned for nonappearance in a debt suit. (Pat. Rolls, 1485-94, p. 287.) 85 John Fallyce in 1565 was married at Salisbury, Wiltshire. ( Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Wilts, xiii, 7.) Robert Fallisse in 15<56 was wedded at Beddington, Surrey. Other entries on the parish register during the next few decades spell the name Fallors, Falloise, Falios, and Fallis. (Surrey Par. Reg. Soc., x.) Robert Fallas in 15W was deceased with estate probated at Lichfield, Staffordshire. (Index Lib., vii, 210.) Susan Fallies in 1625 was married at Stepney, Middlesex. (Colyer Fergusson, Reg. Stepney, i, 148.) Roger Fallis, yeoman, of Bartley, Somerset, in 1631 was married at Salisbury. (Genealog., xxviii, 85.) 86 FELICE AND FELYS The surname Felice was derived from the personal names Felix and Felicia. Those older English names which de rived from personal names may usually be traced through three stages of transition. In the first stage the name was a mere descriptive phrase which attached to the individual's personal name and identified him by indicating his respon sible parent, either father or mother. This indication was made by using the Latin word "filius" as a connective for the parent's name. In the second stage the full descriptive term "filius So-and-so" was shortened by dropping the Latin connective, letting the parent name closely follow the indi vidual's name. This stage probably reflected the colloquial form of the descriptive phrase. In the third stage the at tached name ceased to agree with that of the actual parent, the name being carried as a mere badge of family identity. This was its final form, the surname of today. In the oldest records is found the phrase "filius Felicie", shortening to "Felice" or to "Felix" as time passed, and evolving into an established surname. The name Felice disappeared in some counties with the sweep of the Black Death and in others soon after that pestilence. Elsewhere, however, it survived as a surname. It is found as such in Essex, Sµffolk, and Wilts. Later it appeared, probably by migration, in 1405 in Norfolk and Hertford, in 1408 in Gloucester, and in 1428 in Berks. The name altered as time passed. The forms Felys, Felis, and Feles appeared. Then the forms Felles and Fells superseded the older forms, which vanished. Precedent phrase.-Instances are numerous in the earlier rec ords of the descriptive phrase by which persons are identified 87 as the sons of a parent named Felix or Felicia. In point of time these instances range from about 1210 to 1357. The phrase is found in all parts of England and there is no reason whatever to suppose that it was peculiar to any par ticular family stocks. The examples here given have signifi canc~ merely as evidence illustrating the precedent form of the name Felice. A vice filia Felicie about 1210 was involved in a suit over premises in Warwickshire. (Placit. Abbrev., p. 79.) Thomas filius Felicis, in 1230 of Staffordshire, charged with some of fence, received royal clemency. (Close Rolls, 1227-31, p. 359.) Geoffrey filius Felicie in 1234 was pardoned for stealing hogs from the royal estate at Havering, Essex. (Close Rolls, 1231-34, p. 408.) William filius Felicis, in 1245 of Upton, Warwickshire, was killed and two men arrested therefor at Banbury, Oxford. (Close Rolls, 1242-47, p. 311.) Hugh filius Felicis, in 1245 of Lilleburn, Northamptonshire, met violent death, the supposed guilty person being imprisoned at Oxford. ( Close Rolls, 1242-47, p. 373.) Geoffrey filius Felicis in 1246 met death and a man of Wold, N orthamp tonshire, was imprisoned therefor. (Close Rolls, 1242-47, p. 488.): Hugh, son of Felicia of Sandyacre, in 1269 was under inquiry for the death of his brother, presumably in Derbyshire. (Pat Rolls, 1266-72, p. 475.) Hugh filius Felicie in 1279 held premises at Bensington, Oxford. In the same year Ralph filius Felicie held premises at Canterbury, Kent, and Warner filius Felicie held premises at Higney manor in Huntingdonshire. (Rot. Hundred., ii, 752, 390, fl63.) William filius Felicie about 1279 held premises at Wychbold, and John filius Felicie at Alvechurch, both in Worcestershire. (Bund, Lay Sub sidy Roll, pp. 23, 30.) William filius Felicie in 1279 and 1280 was in the Hales Owen manor courts and several others with the same parental description were before the court in other years. (Court Rolls Hales Manor.) Alexander, son of Felix, in 1292 was noted in a; charter confirmation as holding premises at Hope Bowdler, Salop. (Charter Rolls, ii, 418.) Robert filius Felicie in 1297 was bondsman in a Warwickshire case before the royal courts. {Index Lib., xix, 184.) William filius Felicie in 1302 and 1306 was manucaptor for the member of parliament from Huntingdon. (Palgrave, Parl. Writs, i, 118, 167.) 88 John, son of Felicia of Wodemanton, in 1310 was one of a group charged with depredations in Wiltshire. (Pat. Rolls, 1307-13, p. 256.) Robert fiz Felice in 1320 was tenant of property at Chesterfield in Derby shire. (Pat. Rolls, 1317-21, p. 495.) Stephen, son of Felicia of Henton, in 1327 was pardoned for the death of a man of Sherburn, Yorkshire, on condition that he become a soldier. (Pat. Rolls, 1327-30, p. 111.) Geoffrey, son of Felicia, in 1334 was one of a number charged with vio lating the forest laws in Northamptonshire. (Close Roiis, 1333-37, p, 285.) John, son of Felicia, in 1343 was one of a party charged with imprisoning townsmen of Blythe, Nottingham. ( Pat. Rolls, 1343-45, p. 80.) Robert, son of Felicia of Chesterfield, Derbyshire, in 1349 received war rant for wool commandeered for public purposes. ( Pat. Rolls, 1348-50, p. 286.) Simon, son of Philicia, in 1357 released his interest in .premises at As wardby, Lincolnshire. (Cal. Anc. Deeds, iv, 318.) Earlier instances.-The earlier examples of the name Felice, dating prior to the Black Death, are probably not real sur names, in the modern sense, but are illustrations of that transition stage where the Latin connective has been dropped without altering the descriptive character of the appended term. The instances here cited are contemporary with these illustrating the full descriptive phrase and in some instances occur in the same document with the full phrase. Hamo Felix in 1229 was involved in court proceedings at the Rochester assize in Kent. (Pat. Rolls, 1225-32, p. 307.) William Felice about 1250 was holder of premises at Ickford in Bucking hamshire, close to the Oxford line. (Oxford Hist. Soc., xxxi, 174.) Gilbert Felice in 1279 was joint holder of land at Chesterton in Kent. (Rot. Hundred., ii, 404.) John Felice! in 1279 held premises at Bradwell; Hugh and John Felice held lands at Kingham, and Hugh Felice held land at Warborough, all in Oxfordshire. (Rot. Hundred, ii, 695, 733, 755.) Philip Felix in 1284 of Stratford, Warwickshire, was ordained deacon. (Bund, Reg. Godf. Giffard, p. 239.) Robert Felix in 1286 of Hunscot near Stratford, Warwickshire, was or dained sub-deacon. (Bund, Reg. God£. Giffard, p. 288.) Thomas Felice of Sandate, Yorkshire, in 1316 was fined at Wakefield manor court for non-attendance. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., lvii, 131.) 89 Richard, son of Roger Felice, in 1323 was one of several cliarged with forcing concessions at Bramcote manor in Warwickshire. (Pat. Rolls, 1321-24, p. 377.) The form of phrase here would seem to imply that Felice was not yet a surname applicable to Richard, although borne by his father. John Felice in 1327 was listed on the subsidy roll for Meeching in Sus sex. (Sussex Rec. Soc., x, 170.) Richard, son of Robert Felice, in 1332 owned deeded land located at Priors Hardwick, Warwickshire. (Cal. Anc. Deeds, iii, 257.) Worcestershire.-The descriptive term was early modified into the shorter form in this county and as such seems to have sur vived the Black Death, but disappears very soon following the pestilence. John Felice about 1279 was listed on the subsidy roll of Queenhill. (Bund, Lay Subsidy Roll, p. 114.) Simon Felice in 1280 was tenant on the Earl of Warwick's manor at Yardley. (Amphlett, Habrington's Survey, i, 514.) William Felice of Droitwich in 1296 was ordained priest by the bishop of Worcester. (Bund, Reg. God£. Giffard, p. 479.) John Felyes in 1347 held land at Alvechurcb. (Nash, Hist Coll Wore., i, 31.) John Felice of Teddington in 1352 was ordained acolyte, sub-deacon, deacon, and priest. (Cant. & York Soc., viii, 575, 579, 583, 587.) Stafford.-In this county the name occurs repeatedly in the Penn district, where it seems to have become a surname and to have been used after the Black Death, disappearing, how ever, soon after the plague. Roger, son of Roger Felice of Penn, in 1302 received pardon for the death of a man in self-defence. (Pat. Rolls, 1301-07, p. 33.) Richard Felise and William Phelise in 1327 were securities for a man concerned in a suit. (Staff. Hist. Coll., 1913, p. 6.) William Felys in 1327 and 1332 was on the subsidy rolls for Nether Penn. (Staff. Hist. Coll., vii, 253; x, 130.) Robert, son of William Felice, of Penn in 1339 received pardon for homicide and other crimes on condition of military service. (Pat. Rolls, 1338-40, p. 341.) William, son of Richard Felys of Penn, in 1347 was pardoned for crimes on condition of military service. (Pat. Rolls, 1345-48, p. 243.) 90 Milicent Feles in 1376 was sued for possession of property at Nether Penn. (Staff. Hist. Coll., xiii, 135.) - Essex.-There seems to have been no family group of the name that is properly assignable to "Essex. Of those who bore the name in the county some were clerics of uncertain origin and one was a manor bailiff who seems to have come in from Wiltshire. The last person of the series lived at the Suffolk line and was probably of kin to persons of the name in Suffolk. Richard Felix, chaplain, of Little Bentley, in 1335 was licensed to re lease lands to a monastery. ( Pat. Rolls, 1334-38, p. 126.) In 1342 he was involved in realty matters and was licensed to alienate lands in mort main. (Cal. Inq. Post Mort., ii, 107; Pat. Rolls, 1340-43, p. 565.) In 1343 he disputed a Suffolk mill with the escheator and got license to dis pose of it in mortmain. ( Close Rolls, 1343-46, p. 53; Pat. Rolls, 1343-45, p. 139.) John Felice in 1387 was one of a group including the king's brother which was pardoned for unlicensed acquisition of Overhall manor at Liston. (Pat. Rolls, 1385-88, p. 279.) John Felice, late bailiff of Liston Hall, in 1388 was pardoned for homi cide.- ~- (Pat.... --- Rolls.- -;, 1385-88.I~ o. 518.), William Felyce in 1393 was presented to the Ongar church by the king. (Pat. Rolls, 1391-96, p. 344.) In 1396 he exchanged to a church in Oxford. ( Oxford Hist. Soc., xxxvii, 85, 86.) John Felix, Augustinian monk of St. Osythe, in 1420 received indult of plenary indulgence. (Papal Reg., vii, 341.) John Felice, franklin, of Kedington, in 1423 was pardoned for his failure to answer in court in a debt suit. (Pat. Rolls, 1422-29, p. 31.) Suffolk.-The name appears at the northern part of the county in 1383, a generation after the Black Death, apparently by migration from the western edge of the county. Later there was apparently a family group on the Essex line, one of whose members, in 1452, had reached the status of gentleman. John Felys, chaplain, of Mildenhall, in 1383 was grantee of land at Fressingfield. ( Cal. Anc. Deeds, ii, 444.) John Felys, of Fressingfield, in 1411 was pardoned for non-appearance in a debt suit. (Pat. Rolls, 1408-13, p. 252.) Roger Felyce or Felice, of Gislingham, in 1435 twice received protec- 91 tion letters for travel in personal retinues; in 1437 also as Roger Felys he had such letters. (East Anglian, 3rd ser., xiii, 107.) Roger Felyce, gentleman, of Gislingham, alias Roger Fels of Keding ton, alias Roger Felice of Shaldeford, Essex, in 1452 obtained pardon for non-appearance in a debt suit. (Pat. Rolls, 1446-52, p. 490.) Wiltshire.-Some sporadic appearances of the name after the Black Death may perhaps indicate migration rather than emergence of locai stocks from obscurity. John Felice in 1386 was one of a group including the king's brother which acquired the Stanton Fitzherbert manor near Highworth. ( Pat. Rolls, 1385-88, p. 121.) In 1386 the group obtained a quitclaim. ( Oose Rolls, 1385-89, p. 271.) In 1388 the group was licensed to alienate the manor. (Pat. Rolls, 1385-88, pp. 398, 436.) Felice seems to have then removed to Essex. Thomas Felix, in 1405 a priest of Salisbury diocese, was made a papal notary. (Papal Reg., vi, 93.) In 1421, being rector of Somerford Mauduit, he contracted to serve Malmesbury abbey as business agent in return for lodging. (Pat. Rolls, 1422-29, p. 263.) Ralph Felyce in 1428 was inquisition juror at Malmesbury hundred. (Feudal Aids, v, 235.) Norfolk.-It seems probable that the name appeared in this county as a result of migration from Suffolk. It is questionable, however, if any established family stocks existed. John Felys in 1405 was priest of Wreningham and was presented to a church in Hertford. Apparently his departure was delayed, for in 1408 he was pardoned for obstructing surrender of records. (Pat. Rolls, 1405-08, pp. 91, 402.) Robert Felys of Aylsham was plaintiff in a debt suit for which defendant in 1477 was pardoned for non-appearance. (Pat. Rolls, 1476-85, p. 31.) H ertford.-The name in this county is of especial interest, since it is here that the changes can be traced that brought the ancient name of Felice into its modern altered form of Fells. The name does not appear in the county until 1405, from which circumstances it seems proper to consider it as introduced by migration. John Felys, in 1405 priest in Norfolk, received presentation to the church in Hertford. (Pat. Rolls, 1405-08, p. 91.) 92 John Felice in 1427 was deceased at St. Albans, leaving a family and an estate for probate. (Herts Genealogist, i, 106.) Henry Felice in 1428 was executor of the estate of a St. Albans testator. (Herts Genealogist, i, 231.) Jacobus Felice in 1432 was deceased at Redburn, leaving a son Walter and an estate for probate. (Herts Genealogist, i, 316.) William Felice in 1433 was executor of the estate of a Redburn man. (Herts. Genealogist, i, 317.) Richard Felis in 1433 was mentioned in the will of a Pottercrouch tes tator. (Herts Genealogist, i, 384.) William Fylys in 1437 was deceased at Redburn leaving estate for pro bate. (Herts Genealogist, ii, 190.) Gloucester.-Appearances of the name here seem to indicate some migration from Worcester points. Apparently, 4ow ever, the name was not borne by any family group of long continuance. Henry Felice in, 1408 was pardoned for failure to appear in court in a. trespass suit by a Cirencester man. (Pat. Rolls, 1408-13, p. 9.) Thomas Felix, in 1432 a cleric, was plaintiff against a. Cirencester man in a trespass case. (Pat. Rolls, 1429-36, p. 230.) Berkshire.-The references for Berks seem to relate to a single family and perhaps a single person. The name dis appears after a brief existence. William Felice in 1428 held premises at Wittenham. (Feudal Aids, i, 63.) William Felyce in 1434 was listed among the persons whose allegiance was to be .taken in hand by a commission. (Pat. Rolls, 1429-36, p. 402.) William Felys in 1438 witnessed documents concerning property at Long Wittenham. (Coll. Topog. et Geneal., i, 24-0.) Other counties.-A few scattered instances of the name com plete the available data showing its existence. No SP.ecial significance seems to attach to any of them. John, son of Henry Felice of Coton in Lullington, Derbyshire, in 1355 was one of a party charged with assault and robbery. (Pat. Rolls, 1354- 58, p. 334.) John Felice in 1380, being sued for debt, obtained a writ of super sedeas issued to the sheriff of Bedfordshire. (Close Rolls, 1377-81, p. 470.) 93 John Felice of Bucks in 1382 obtained pardon for non-appearance when sued for debt by a Berkshire man. (Pat. Rolls, 1381-85, p. 89.) John Felice, chaplain, in 1390 obtained government pass to go over sea. ( Close Rolls, 1389-92, p. 571.) William Felys of Kenilworth, Warwickshire, in 1476 was a juror in the judicial murder of Mrs. Twynyho by the Duke of Qaren~e. ( Pat. Rolls, 1476-85, p. 73.) · \Villiam Felice in 1497 witnessed the will of a testator of Bath, Somer set. ( Somerset Rec. Soc., xvi, 355.) 94 FELIX The name Felix is obviously a Latin form rather than English or Norman French. As a personal name it was very familiar to the English clerics of the early time, partly be cause it was borne by_ popes and partly because St. Felix was a pioneer bishop of the English church. The English name Felice was an anglicized derivative form which under cleri cal hands frequently was shifted back to the Latin form. The early instances where Felix appears, mostly occurring before the Black Death, were alternatives of Felice and not distinct surnames. After the Black Death, however, Felix came to b~ a fixed surname. It appeared in London in 1369 and in Sussex in 1380. The London bearers of the name were perhaps ancestors of later stocks appearing in Suffolk and Essex. Of this connection, however, there is a possibie uncertainty, for Felix was a continental as well as an English name and it may perhaps have come to the eastern counties from the continent. London.-The name first appears in 1369 in the old city and is traceable to 1563, borne by commoners. The varied form assumed by the name as borne by the monk John Felix of Westminster illustrates the probable derivation from Felice. His name bears the forms Felix, Felex, Felyx, and Felyxe, which have in other locations the counterparts Felis, Feles, Felys, and Felyce, all being- forms of Felice. Henry Felix in 1369 was one of the archers sent from London for the defense of Calais. ( Cal. Lett. Books Lond., L, 244.) Roger Felix in 1392 was one of seven defendants in a trespass case in the Hustings Court. ( Pat. Rolls, 1391-96, p. 256.) John and Richard Felix, apparently boys, were in 1505 legatees in a will. (Waters, Geneal. Gleanings, i, 185.) 95 John Felix, butcher, in 1526 received 1Ptters of protection for travels in Lord Berners' suite. (Letts. and Pap. ~ien. VIII, iv, pt 1, 654; pt 2, 1151.) John Felix, monk of Westminster, in 1529 celebrated his first mass and was alive in 1535. (Pearce, Monks of Westminster, p. 188.) Thomas Felix in 1563 buried a daughter in the parish of St. James Clerkenwall. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xvii, 4.) Sussex .-Two persons resident in this county bear the form Felix, one being a cleric, the other a bailiff. It seems proper to consider them as bearing it as a distinct surname, rather than as a casual variation of Felice, but there is no evidence of family stocks so named. Richard Felix, clerk, in 1380 acquired land in Westburton. (Sussex Reg. Soc., xxiii, 185.) William Felix in 1388 was bailiff at Chichester. (Sussex Arch. Coll., xxiv, 292.) In 1390 and in 1391 he was authorized by royal warrants to make certain arrests. ( Pat. Rolls, 1388-92, pp. 268, 438.) Suffolk.-Family groups of the name were resident for some time in the district about Ipswich. As to whether they were survivors of the Felice stock or the consequence of migration there is no apparent basis for conjecture. Robert Felix of East Bergholt was deceased about 1530 with estate for probate. ( Crisp, Cal. Ipswich Wills.) Aaron Felix, son of John Felix, in 1553 was christened at Stonham Aspal. (East Anglian, 3rd ser., vii, 76.) John Felixe in 1568 was listed on the subsidy roll for Creeting. (Sulf. Green Book, xii, 73.) Agnes Felix of Tunstall in 1623 was licensed to wed at Iken. (Crisp, Marr. Lie. Suff., p. 36.) Essex.-The name appears in 1565 in Essex, perhaps by mi gration from Suffolk, for that county was more likely than was urban London to have sent out family offshoots. William Felix in 1565 was married at Stock Harvard. (Gibson, Reg. Stock Harvard, p. 2.) Alice Felix in 1576 was christened at Stock Harvard. (Gibson, Reg. Stock Harvard, p. S.) 96 Henry Felix about 1583 was one of the defendants in a suit over prem ises at Bradwell. (Ducat. Lane. Cal. Plead., iii, 135.) John Felix in 1610 was married at Chelmsford. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Essex, ii, 33.) Thomas Felix of Moulsham in 1614 was married at Chelmsford. (Phil limore, Par. Reg. Ser., Essex, ii, 37.) Margaret Felix, apparently widow of the preceding, in 1627 was mar ried at Chelmsford. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Essex, ii, 48.) 0 ther instances.-Some minor occurrences of the s·.irname, while not all assignable to definite location, point to connec tion with the counties already listed. William Felix in 1586 was married at Stepney, Middlesex. (Colyer Fergusson, Reg. Stepney, ~ 19.) Thomas Felix, in reign of Elizabeth, was defendant in a chancery suit on personal matters. ( Cal. Proc. Chancery, Reign Eliz., ii, 356.) Richard Felix, in 1626 a mariner on ship, was deceased with estate for probate at Canterbury. (Index Lib., xliv, 101.) Aliens.-Tracers of family names must always take into ac count the possible addition of aliens strains to the native population, and the transformation of alien names into dupli cates of native ones. Make Fells in 1540 was an alien paying subsidy at London in St. Kath erine parish. (Huguenot Soc. Lond., x, pt 1, 19.) John Felis in 1564 was an alien paying subsidy in St. Leonard parish, London. (Huguenot Soc. Lond., x, pt 1, 314.) Lewis Felix, born in Flanders, was an alien in 1571 resident in St. Oiristopher parish, London. (Huguenot Soc. Lond., x, pt 1, 400; pt Z 34.) John Felix in 1588 was a member of the Dutch church at London. (Huguenot Soc. Lond., x, pt 2, 413.) 97 FELLS The surname Fells evolved from the older name Felice by a series of colloquial contractions which became permanent when reflected in written records. There was an old Eng lish word "fell" meaning a hill or ridge and also meaning an animal pelt. Popular familiarity with its plural forms "felles" and "fells" doubtless aided the alternation of the name that resembled it. The original name Felice appeared about 1250. A modified form Felys appeared in 1327 and was widely used. Both forms disappeared by 1497. Mean while the appearance of the form Fels in 1452 and again in 1535 showed that popular contraction of the name was in progress. The form Felse appeared in 1553, Feles in 1554, Fells in 1559, and Feltes in 1561. Of these, Fells soon be came the best known and finally the standard form. In one or the other of its varied forms the surname is recognizable in 1553 at London, in 1559 in Hertford, in 1568 in Cheshire, in 1570 in Kent, about 1570 in Surrey, in 1584 in Middlesex, and in 1586 in Yorkshire, extending to other counties after the year H500. Although it became established in northern England its history belongs chiefly to the southern counties. Ea-rliest insta.nces.-The two earliest illustrations of the short form of the name Felice are probably mere casual variants of the name rather than established surname forms. They stand alone in their respective localities and one of them, at least, is clearly second to the older form. Roger Fels in 1452 was one of the alternative forms of the name of Roger Felyce, gentleman, of Gislingham, Suffolk, pardoned for not ap pearing in a debt suit. ( Pat. Rolls, 1446-52, p. 490.) William Fels in 1535 was a stone mason employed on the Lincoln cathe dral. (Linc. Rec. Soc., xiii, 181; Valor Eccles., iv, 15.) 98 London.-The name appears in 1553 in the Westminster dis trict. It was perhaps by migration from Hertfordshire, for there seems no antecedents in the London region to serve an ancestral stock. Francis Felse was christened in 1553 at St. Martins in the Fields. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., :xxv, 2.) Richard Feles in 1554 was one of a church committee of St. Martins. (Kitto, Churchwardens Accts., p. 150.) This is perhaps the same who later was called Fellowes. John Feles in 1568 had a wife of Scotch birth who was listed at the census of aliens in London. As John Feltes he was again listed in 1571. (Huguenot Soc. Lond, x, pt 2, 141; pt 3, 428.) John Fells, goldsmith, in 1568 was licensed to wed. (Harl. Soc., :xxv, 41.) James Fells in 1579 was married at St. Michaels Cornhill. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., vii, 12.) · Richard Fells in 1579 was christened at St. Michaels Cornhill. (Harl. Soc.~ Reg. Ser., vii, 90.) Elizabeth Fells in 1583 was buried at St. Margarets, Westminster (Burke, Mem. St. Marg., p. 443.) Katherine Fells in 1587 was buried at All Hallows, Bread Street. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., ~liii, 165.) John Fels in 1592 was buried at St. Antholin parish. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., viii, 35.) George Felles in 1594 was buried at St. Olave, Hart Street, apparently taken from the almshouse. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xlvi, 127.) Eliza beth Felles, from the almshouse, was buried in 1596. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xlvi, 129.) Thomas Fells, draper, in 1595 buried an apprentice at All Hallows, Bread Street, and another in 1597. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xliii, 167, 168.) A servant of Mr. Fells, at the Three Cups, was buried in 1596. (Ibid., 168.) William Fells in 1598 was married at St. Helens, Bishopsgate. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xxxi, 119.) Thomas Fells in 1599 christened a child at St. Margarets, Westminster, it being the first of a number of entries from his household. (Burke, Mem. St. Marg., p. 63.) Edmund Fells was deceased in 1612 at Westminster with estate for probate. (Burke, Indexes Test. Recs. Westm., p. 'Zl.) Anne Felles in 1615 was married at St. Marys le Strand. ( Genealogist, iv, 111.) 99 Sarah Fells, daughter of William Fells, wme cooper, m 1618 was li censed to wed. (Harl. Soc., xxvi, 65.) John Fells in 1623 was a charter member of the Goldwiredrawers Com pany. ( Selden Soc., xxviii, 124.) John Fells in 1623 and 1624 was a shipmaster sailing between London and Virginia colony. (Kingsbury, Recs. Virginia Co., ii, 430; Brown, First Repub., p. 581.) "Mr. Fells" in 1627 organized a colonizing party for Virginia, but was wrecked on Cape Cod. (Mass. Hist. Soc. Colt., 4th ser., iii, 219.) Katherine Fells in 1631 was wedded at St. Helens, Bishopsgate. (Harl. Soc., Reg. Ser., xxxi, 133.) H ertford.-The new name Fells appears in 1559 in the south ern part of the county, with only the narrow part of Middle sex between its location and that of the Westminster bearers of the name. Such propinquity suggests ·kinship of the two groups. Roger Fells and Richard Fellys were among the burials of 1559 at St. Albans Abbey. (Brigg, Reg. St. Albans, pp. 177, 178.) Alice Felse in 1562 was wedded at St. Albans Abbey. (Brigg, Reg. St. Albans, p. 127.) Ralph Fells in 1567 was listed on the subsidy roll for, Bushey. (Herts Genealogist, iii, 47.) Thomas Felles, in 1578 appointed rector for Hertford, was elsewhere called Thomas Fell. (Linc. Rec. Soc., ii, 70.) Richard Fels in 1583 was one of the respondents to government queries as to pulpit practices. (Hall, Recs. Archdeac. St. Albans, p. 28.) Richard Felles of Bushey in 1596 was licensed to wed. (Herts Geneal ogist, i, 14.) Elizabeth Felles in 1600 was wedded in Bushey.. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Herts, iii, 62; Herts Genealogist, iii, 77.) William Felles in 1603 witnessed a certificate of clerical efficiency. (Hall, Recs. Archdeac. St. Albans, p. 113.) Elizabeth Fells, daughter of William Fells of Bushey, in 1625 was licensed to wed. (Harl. Soc., xxvi, 154.) John Fells of Bushey in 1633 was deceased with estate for probate. (Matthews, Year Book, i, 208.) George Fells of Bushey was licensed in 1634 to wed. (Herts Geneal ogist, i, 176, 292.) Cheshire.-The surname in Cheshire probably came from the southern counties. The first bearer of it was stew~rd or 100 bailiff of the Earl of Derby, whose London connections would amply explain his choice of a steward from the south. The name in Cheshire was at first sometimes entered as Felles but more often as Fells. Miles Felles or Fells, of Bidston, in 1568 extended the terms of a debt. (Twemlow, Liverpool Town Books, i, 496.) In 1570 he was en tered as a burgess of Liverpool. (Ibid, i, 457.) In 1570 he was men tioned as creditor of a testator. (Cheshire Sheaf, xii, 89.) In 1585 he conveyed land at Hoylake. (Cheshire Sheaf, ii, 28.) In 1588 he was part owner of Arrow manor at Northwich. (Chetham Soc., liv, 130.) Henry Fells, merchant, in 1594 was entered freeman of Chester city. (Lane. Chesh. Rec. Soc., li, 72.) William Fells, son of Miles, in 1603 conveyed property to his brother Stephen, saying "as these lands came unto me from my father Myles Fells I leave them unto one of the name of Fells." (Irvine, Reg. Par. ~idston, p. 16.) Stephen Fells in 1615 was married at Bidston, other entries of the name occurring in the parish registers until 1669. (Irvine, Reg. Par. Bidston, p. 20.) Margaret Fells in 1625 was deceased with estate for probate. (Lane. Chesh. Rec. Soc., xliii, 35.) Kcnt.-Presumably the name was brought into this county by migration, for there seem to be no antecedents within the county, and if by migration the presumption is that it was from Hertfordshire, where the modified forms of Felice had developed. A noticeable feature of the earlier entries of the name in Kent is the apostrophe indicating the elision of the vowel. James Fell's in 1570 was married at Canterbury. (Cowper, Reg. Book St. Alphaege, p. 106.) Margery Felles, in 1572 was christened at Canterbury. ( Cowper, Reg. Book St. Alphaege, p. S.) James Fell's in 1575 was christened at Canterbury. (Cowper, Reg. Book St. Alphaege, p. 5.) From this date there are many entries of the name in the parish of St. Alphaege. William Felles of Elmison in 1592 was father of a child born in Sus sex. ( Sussex Rec. Soc., xvii, 11.) John Fells in 1008 was married at Kingston. (Wilkie, Par. Reg. St. Giles, p. 92.) 101 Thomas Fells, freemason, in 1609 was deceased at East Greenwich with estate for probate. (Index Lib., xliii, 164.) John Fells in 1609 and 1612 christened children at Canterbury. (Cowper, Par. St. Mary Magdalene, p. 6.) John Fells about 1612 was son-in-law of John Adye of Sittingbourne, lord of Downcourt manor. (Harl. Soc., xiii, 226.) Thomas Fells in 1614 and 1628 christened children at Canterbury. (Cowper, Par. St. Pau~ pp. 13, 19.) Christopher Fells in 1637 probated at Canterbury the will of another. ( Matthews, Year Book, ii, 175.) Surrey.-The few instances of the name in Surrey suggest migration from the London region or from Kent. No con siderable amount of migration is indicated. John Fells of Furnes Fells about 1570, by his daughter's marriage be came allied to John Gardner, gentleman. (Harl. Soc., xliii, 66.) The reference here to Fumes Felis, suggests derivation from Fell stock of Lancashire. Nicholas Felles in 1009 was married at Southwark. ( Genealog., new ser., vi, 231.) George Felles in 1619 was married at Southwark. (Genealog., new ser., viii, 12-3.) Middlesex.-The appearanc of the name in 1584 is easily ex plained as probable migration from the neighboring counties where it had appeared earlier. John Felles in 1584 was fatally injured at Thistleworth in a sportive encounter. (Middlesex Co. Recs., i, 151.) Edward Fells, yeoman, in 1593 was licensed to wed, probably at Wat ford. ( Har1. Soc., xxv, 206.) Cuthbert Fells in 1599 was married at Edmonton. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Midd., vi, 17.) Elizabeth Felles in 1620 was married at Northolt. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Midd., ii, 105.) William Fells, merchant, in 1626 was licensed to wed at Stepney. (Harl. Soc., xxvi, 172.) William Felles, mariner, of Blackwell, the same per son, was married in 1626 at Stepney. ( Colyer-Fergusson, Reg. Stepney, i, 160.) William Fells in 1635 was married at Great Stanmore. (Phillimore, Par. ;Reg1 S~i:., Midd., v, 87.) 102 William Fells in 1636 was married at Harrow on the Hill. (Reg. Har row-on-the-Hill, ii, 46.) Richard Fells in 1640 was married at Great Stanmore. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Midd., v, 88.) Yorkshire.-Only sporadic instances occur indicating existence of the name in the county. At Dewsbu1j the name Fell is entered in the parish registers as Felles or Fells. Thomas Felles in 1586 was recorded as burying a child at Dewsbury. William Fells in 1609 was recorded as christening a child. These seem to be perversions of the name of Fell, which has many entries on the reg ister. (Chadwick, Reg. Dewsbury, pp. 42, 77.) Adam Felles, in 1586 of Bentley, near Doncaster, was deceased with estate for probate. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xxii, 43.) John Felles and others, in the reign of Elizabeth, sued in chancery to protect title at Exley manor. (Cal. Proc. Chancery, Reign Eliz., i, 49.) Derbyshire.-In this county also the instances of the name seem to be indicative only of sporadic migrations of no special significance. Katherine Felex in l(J()l was married at Horsley. (Phillimore, Par. DprT ~P1" nP.1"hv 'l~t 64 ) l.'-'""'f,e W'-"lo•J -""•-J•J 'ii•j ••J John, son of the widow Felles, in 1620 was baptized at Repton. (Simp son, Reg. Repton, p. 54.) Lanca.shire.-The name here was practically restricted to the Liverpool district, where the Bidston family of Fells had connections. The Lancashire name was probably derived from Cheshire sources. Janet Feles in 1~ was married at Ormskirk. (Lane. Par. Reg. Soc., xiii, 276.) Anne Fells in 1605 was buried at Liverpool. John Fells in 1610 was christened at Liverpool. (Lane. Par. Reg. Soc., xxxv, 292, 295.) Lawrence Felles in 1611 was tenant of Wigan estates. (Lane. Chesh. Rec. Soc., iii, 187.) Christopher Fells in 1622 was buried at Liverpool. (Lane. Par. Reg. Soc., xxxv, J(X),) William Felles, clerk, in 1624 witnessed a deed at Liverpool. (Hist. Soc. Lane. Chesh., new ser., ix, 226.) He was buried in 1625 at Liver pool. (Lane. Par. Reg. Soc., xxxv, 308.) 103 William Fells in 1625 christened a child at Liverpool In 1626 Ellen Fells was buried. (Lane. Par. Reg. Soc., xxxv, 30i, 309.) Buckingham.-Considering its nearness to locations where the surname was established in this county presents a surprisingly small number of instances of the name. Lawrence Fells in 1614 was married at Chenies. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Bucks, iv, 64.) Henry Felles in 1620 was married at Chalfont St. Peter. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Bucks, iv, 113.) N ottingham.-The few entries for this county indicate merely a few individual migrations from other parts. Leonard Fells, rough mason, in 1627 of Colton Bassett, was deceased with estate for probate. (Yorks. Arch. Soc., Rec. Ser., xx.xv, 29.) Thomas Fells in 1637 was married at Nottingham City. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Nott Cy., i, 53.) Other counties.-One instance of the name occurs in Wiltshire, where its appearance seems related to forms that are more akin to Fallas than to Felice. Other instances occur in Staffordshire and Lincolnshire. Anna Felles in 1561 was wedded at Salisbury, Wiltshire. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Wilts., xiii, 3.) Richard Felse in 1569 was deceased at Lichfield, Staffordshire, with estate for probate. ( Glencross, Admins. Canterbury, p. 93.) Grace Fells and the wife of John Fells in 1600 were legatees in the will of a testatrix of Grantham, Lincolnshire. (Maddison, Linc. Wills, ii, 2.) John Fells in 1620 was deceased with estate for probate ·at Lichfield, Staffordshire. (Index Lib., vii, 215.) Resemblant name F ell.-Despite its frequent confusion with that of Fells in various parish registers the name Fell is quite distinct. It is a north country name. When it appears about 1400 in Yorkshire it bears the Anglo-Latin form "deJ Fell," evidencing that the progenitors of its bearers lived at some hill or ridge called "the fell". From Yorkshire its offshoots went to Nottinghamshire and later to Northampton shire. Clerical members took charges in Lancashire and 104 Lincolnshire and apparently were followed to those counties by their kindred. In Lancashire there was a prolific Fell family stock. The modern armigerous family traces its descent from a Lancashire landholder of 1595. No thorough survey has been here made for this name. The following notes are merely illustrative of the beginnings of the surname. Henry del Fell, draper, in 1399 was entered as freeman of York. Thomas Fell of Flaxton in 1411, Robert of the Fell, tailor, in 1423, John del Fell, merchant, in 1436, \,Villiam Fell, marshall, and William Fell, butcher, in 1438 were also made freemen of York, and others of the name were enrolled later. (Surtees Soc., xcvi.) Thomas Fell, chapman, of York, in 1428 owed a debt cancelled by the will of a Scaldby testator. (Surtees Soc., cxvi, 35.) John Felle in 1442 was enrolled among the mercers of York. (Sur tees Soc., cxxix, 53.) Adam Fell in 1449 was plaintiff in a suit for which his opponent, a Yorkshire man, got pardon for non-appearance. (Pat. Rolls, 1446-52, p. 291.) Richard Fell, husbandman, of Nottingham, in 1467 was brought into court for engaging in prohibited sports. (Recs. Boro. Nottingham, ii, 260.) Ralph Feti cleric, in 1478 was fined by the consistory court at Ripon for some unstated offence. (Surtees Soc., lxiv, 185.) Thomas Fell, chaplain, in 1484 resigned his charge at Kirkby Kendall, Westmoreland. (Pat. Rolls, 1476-85, p. 409.) Roger Fell, sergeant, in 1498 was enrolled in the merchant gild of Leicester city. (Bateson, Recs., Boro. Leices., ii, 466.) John Fell, chantry priest of York cathedral, in 1506 was deceased with estate for probate. (Surtees Soc., liii, 244.) Leonard Fell, cleric, in 1542 was deceased at Ulverstone, Lancashire, with estate for probate. (Bardsley-Ayre, Reg. Ulverstone, introd., p. 30.) Thomas Fell, Christopher Fell, and Margaret Fell in 1545 are early entries in the Ulverstone parish registers. (Bardsley-Ayre, Reg. Ulver stone.) Thomas Fell, cleric, in 1554 became pastor of the church of Lessing ham, Lincolnshire. As Thomas Felles, his death is mentioned in 1559. (Linc. Notes & Quer., v, 144, 171, 232.) Oliver Fell in 1572 was city chamberlain and assessor of Northampton. (Markham-Cox, Recs. Boro, Northarnp., ii, 3'll, 567.) 105 FOLLOWE The little town of Foolaw in northern Derbyshire appeared in the records of the fourteenth century in such forms as Foolow, Folowe, and Foulowe. From it was derived the sur name assumed by various persons who, presumably, migrated from it to other localities, and from the surnames thus as sumed came the modern surname Followe. Whether or not there was any modification of the name Followes to Followe is not clear, but it seems certain that the two were sometimes confused. Eustice, son of Reginald de Foulhowe, in 1301 met death, for which a Derbyshire man obtained royal pardon. (Pat. Rolls, 1292-1301, p. 614.) In 1307 pardon was given also for the outlawry connected with the killing. (Pat Rolls, 1301-07, p. 501.) Martyn de Folowe in 1377 witnessed conveyance of Derbyshire premises. (Jeayes, Cat. Derby. Charters, p. 157.} John de Foulowe in 1390 witnessed deed of premises at Foolaw. (Jeayes, Cat. Derby. Charters, p. 157.) George de Fallow in 1448 was a debtor referred to in a letter to the prior of Coldingham, Durham. ( Surtees Soc., xii, 162.) John Folowe in 1456 was concerned in conveyance of premises at Thur vaston, Derbyshire. (Jeayes, Cat. Derby. Charters, p. 294.) Thurston Folow in 1487 witnessed deed of premises at Chesterfield, Derbyshire. (Jeayes, Cat. Derby. Charters, p. 106.) Robert Folowe, in 1503 king's bailiff at High Peak, Derbyshire, was involved in lawsuits because of his seizures of properties. (Ducat. Lane. Cal. Plead., i, 119, 120, 124.) In 1510 he obtained royal pardon. (Letts. and Paps. Hen. VIII, revised, i, 268.) About 1530 he was again in suits for official acts at High Peak. (Ducat. Lane. Cal. Plead., ii, 43, 46.) Joseph Forlowe of Kirby-on-bain, Lincolnshire, about 1533 was deceased with estate for probate at Lincoln. (Index Lib., xxviii, 143.) Ralph Follow in 1547 was buried at Aston by Birmingham, Warwick shire. (Carter, Reg. Aston, p. 4a.) 106 Joane Followe in 1556 was married at Blisland, Cornwall. (Phillimore, Par. Reg. Ser., Corn., iv, 34.) Thomas Folowe in 1577 was deceased with estate probated at Lich field, Staffordshire. (Index Lib., vii, 208.) Elizabeth Fowlowe in 1581 was married at Dronfield, Derbyshire. (Philli more, Par. Reg. Ser., Derby., xi, 7.) John Followe in 1585 was deceased with estate probated at Lichfiel~ Staffordshire. (Index Lib., -,ii, 209.) Margaret Folloo in 1586 was married at Canterbury. (Cowper, Par. Reg. St. Mary Magdalene, p. 97.) Elizabeth Folowe in 1(>()9 witnessed the will of a testatrix at Southwark, Sw-rey. ( Surrey Arch. Soc. Coll., Y.xiii, 137.) 107 FILIOT AND FYLOT These two names appear to have been varying forms de rived from the patronymic Filloth. Few instances of either appear in the records. The form Filiot seems to have been confused at times with the similar name Foliot. There is a possibility, though a faint one, that the later name Fylowe was an evolution from one or the other of these. William filius Fillote in 1235 was imprisoned in Salop for homicide. (Oose Rolls, 1234-37, p. 70.) Roger Filiot in 1245 was a recent owner of Devon lands. Roger Filot in 1246 was concerned with exchequer payments. ( Oose Rolls, 1242-47, pp. 328, 484.) Nicholas Filioth in 1279 held a cottage by annual rent at Wattel, Ox fordshire. (Rot. Hundred., ii, 719.) Adam, son of Fillote, in 1303 paid toll at Chester on livestock bought and sold. (Lane. Chesh. Rec. Soc., lix, 33.) John Felot in 1303 of Stanton Wyvill, Leicestershire, was pardoned for the death of a Northamptonshire man. (Pat. Rolls, 1301-07, p. 172.) W. Filioth in 1317 appeared in a charter confirmation relative to a mill at \Velton, Lincolnshire. ( Charter Rolls, iii, 363.) Richard, son of William Filiot, in 1323 of Rousham, Oxfordshire, was one of a party charged with ravages in that county. (Pat. Rolls, 1321- 24, p. 319.) William Filiot in 1323 was witness of a conveyance or confirmation of premises at Abbabury, Oxfordshire. (Pat. Rolls, 1321-24, p. 321.) Henry Fyliot in 1324 was one of a party going in government service to Aquitaine. ( Pat. Rolls, 1321-24, p. 438.) John Fylot, chaplain, of Walsale, in 1361 received royal nomination to the rectorship of Baggington, Staffordshire. (Pat. Rolls, 1361-64, p. 55.) In 1362 and 1363 he was ordained successively subdeacon, deacon, and priest. (Staff. Hist. Coll., new ser., viii, 174, 177, 179.) In 1362 he re ceived clerical presentation to Baggington, and later witnessed a presenta tion. (Staff. Hist. Coll., new ser., x, 28, 111.) In 1375 he exchanged to Draycot. (Staff. Hist. Coll., new ser., x, 141.) In 1376 he was on an 108 induction committee. (Staff. Hist. Coll., new ser., x, 52.) In 1378 he was indicted for disturbances around Lichfield and Walsall. ( Oose Rolls, 1377-81, p. 133.) In 1384 he obtained supersedeas writ and freedom of arrest. ( Oose Rolls, 1381-85, p. 433.) In 1384 he was named to induct a Lichfield priest. (Staff. Hist. Coll., new ser., x, 154.) Richard Philot in 1362 was one of several charged with improper im prisonment and :fine of persons in Staffordshire. (Pat. Rolls, 1361-64, p. 212.) John Fylet in 1398 was sued for taking horses at Great Casterton, Rut landshire. (Staff. Hist. Coll., xv, 84.) Robert Filyot in 139() held premises in Norfolk under Roger Mortimer. He was still holder in 1433 under Edmund .Mortimer. (Cal. lnquis. Post. Mort., old series, iii, 232; iv, 144.) William Fillott of Dorset was formerly owner of premises involved in a chancery suit, in reign of Elizabeth. ( Cal. Proc. Oiancery, Reign Eliz., ii, 118.) 109 INDEX TO NAME FORMS PAGE PAGE Alfelagh ...... 72 Falloise ...... 86 Bournfellcwe...... 73 Fallors ...... 86 Bunfellowe ...... • 73 Fallow, Fallowe ... .48, 53, 54, 58, Fairfalagh ...... o • • • • • 72 59, 62, 63, 66, 70, 106 Fairlew ...... 68 Fallowayes ...... 39 Falage ...... 52, 69 Falloweis ...... • . • • . . . • . • 35 Falais, Falaise ...... 79 Fallowes ...... 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, Falas ...... 84, 85 30, 31, 32-43 ·Falaux ...... 84 Fallows ...... 34, 35, 36, 38, 39~ Falawe ...... 47 40, 41, 42, 43 Falays, Falayse ..... 76, 78, 79, 80, 82 Fallowse ...... 41 Faleghes ...... 32 Fall us ...... 37 Faleis, Fa!eise ...... 77, 79, 80, 81 Fallwes ...... 41 Faler ...... • . . . . . 71 Fallyce ...... 86 Fales ...... 82 Fallyoe ...... 70 Falesia ...... 76, 77, 78, 81 Fallys ...... 85 Falewe ...... 48 Falog-hys ...... M Falewes ...... 32 Faios ...... •..•.....•.• 37, 42 Falews ...... 85 Falous ...... 33, 40, 82 Faleys, Faleyse .... 76, 78, 79, 80, Falowe ...... • • • •.. . .. • • . . • . • • • 65 81, 82, 84 Falowes ...... • 34, 35, 38, 40, 41 Faleysa ...... 77 Falows ...... ••. 37, 42 Falghes ...... 32 Faloyse ...... •. 80, 81 Falios ...... 86 Falwis ...... • ...... • • • • • . • • . . 33 Falis ...... 85 Falyas ...... • . • . . . • . .. • • . . • . • • 79 Falise ...... 82, Falys ...... 85 Falla ...... 58 Faylles ...... • . . . . • • . 85 Fallas ...... 84, 85', 86 Fela ...... • . 58 Fallawes ...... 42 Felagh, Felaghe .... 46, 49, 52, 55, Faller ...... 70, 71 58, 61, 62, 69, 70 Falles ...... 32, 33, 84, 85 Felaie ...... • . . . 46 Fallies ...... 86 Felau, Felaue ...... 56, 69 Fallis ...... 41, 84, 86 Felaugh ...... 47 F al lisse ...... 86 F elaus ...... • . . • • 25 Fallo ...... 53 Felaw, Felawe ... 25, 45-49, 52-66, 69 Falloes ...... 3i Felawes ...... 25, 48, 60 Falloghes ...... 34 Felay, Felaye ...... 58, 59 111 PAGE PAGE Feler ...... 71 Filiot ...... ·. 108 Feles ...... 87, 91, 95, 98, 99, 103 Filioth ...... 108 Felex ...... •. 95, 103 Filloll ...... 71 Felice .....•...... 87, 89-95, 98 filius Fillote ...... 108 fiz Felice ...... 89 Fillott ...... 109 filius Felicie, Felicis ..•.... 87, 88, 89 Fillowe ...... 71 Felige ...... 58 Filoe ...... 72 Felis, Felise ....•.. 87, 90, 93, 95, 97 Filot ...... 108 Felix, Felixe... 87, 89, 91, 92, 93, Filowes ...... 25 95, 96, 97 Filur ...... 71 Fell ...... 100, 103, 104, 105 Filyot ...... 109 Fella .....•...... 58, 59, 60, 64 FitzLowes ...... 25 Fellas ...... 26 Foliot ...... 108 Fellaw, Fellawe .....•...... •. 58, 60 Folloo ...... 107 Felle ...... 105 Follow, Followe ...... • 38, 106, 107 Feller .....•..•...... 70, 71 Followes ...... 33, 36, 37, 38, 39, 106 Feltes ...... 87, 98-105 Follows ...... 42 Fellis ...... •...... •. 26, 27 Folow, Folowe ...... 106, 107 Felio, Felloe .... 11, 12, 51, 53, 55, Forlowe ...... • ...... 106 56, 59, 63, 65 Foulhowe .. . . • ...... 106 Fellres ...... 9, 31 Foulowe ...... 106 Fellogh ...... 64 Fowlowe ...... 107 Fellou ...... 56 Fulowes ...... 37 Felloues ...... 31 Fylet ...... 109 Fellow, Fell owe ...... 11, 24-31, 44-71 Fyliot ...... • ...... 108 Fellowes .•....•••.. 9, 10, 24-31, 9 113