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Design Manual for Small Rcc Dams

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DESIGN MANUAL FOR SMALL RCC DAMS Prepared by Schnabel Engineering Associates, Inc. Design Manual for Portland Cement Association ("PCA") is a not- Small RCC Gravity Dams for-profit organization and provides this publi- cation solely for the continuing education of Published by: qualified professionals. THIS PUBLICATION Portland Cement Association SHOULD ONLY BE USED BY QUALIFIED 5420 Old Orchard Road PROFESSIONALS who possess all required Skokie, Illinois, 60077-1083 license(s), who are competent to evaluate the significance and limitations of the information provided herein, and who accept total respon- Phone: 847.966.6200 sibility for the application of this information. Fax: 847.966.9781 OTHER READERS SHOULD OBTAIN ASSIS- Internet: www.cement.org TANCE FROM A QUALIFIED PROFESSIONAL BEFORE PROCEEDING. PCAAND ITS MEMBERS MAKE NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO THIS PUBLICATION OR ANY INFORMA- TION CONTAINED HEREIN. IN PARTICU- LAR, NO WARRANTY IS MADE OF MER- CHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTIC- ULAR PURPOSE. PCA AND ITS MEMBERS DISCLAIM ANY PRODUCT LIABILITY (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY STRICT LIABILITY IN TORT) IN CONNEC- TION WITH THIS PUBLICATION OR ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN. Warning: Contact with wet (unhardened) concrete, mortar, cement, or cement mixtures can cause SKIN IRRITATION, SEVERE CHEMICAL BURNS (THIRD DEGREE), OR SERIOUS EYE DAMAGE. Frequent exposure may be associated with irritant and /or aller- gic contact dermatitis. Wear waterproof gloves, a long-sleeved shirt, full-length trousers, and proper eye protection when working with these materials. If you have to stand in wet concrete, use waterproof boots that are high enough to keep concrete from flowing into them. Wash wet concrete, mortar, cement, or cement mixtures from your skin immediately. Flush eyes with clean water immediately after contact. Indirect contact through clothing can be as serious as direct contact, so promptly rinse out wet concrete, mortar, cement or cement mixtures from clothing. Seek immediate medical attention if © 2003 Portland Cement Association you have persistent or severe discomfort. EB225.01 DESIGN MANUAL FOR SMALL RCC GRAVITY DAMS PO R T L A N D C E M E N T A S S O C I A T I O N Table of Contents Table of Contents Chapter Page No. 1 Introduction . 1 1.0 Background. 1 1.1 Preface and Scope . 2 1.2 Difference Between Conventional Concrete and RCC Gravity Dams . 2 1.3 Applications for Small RCC Dams . 3 2 Preliminary Investigations. 7 2.0 General. 7 2.1 Site Exploration. 7 2.2 Foundation Investigation . 8 3 Foundations . 11 3.0 General. 11 3.1 Rock Foundations . 11 3.2 Non-Rock Foundations . 11 3.3 Non-Rock Foundation Design Examples . 12 3.3.1 Cedar Falls Dam. 12 3.3.2 Big Haynes Dam. 13 4 Design Loads. 15 4.0 General. 15 4.1 Dead Load . 15 4.2 External Water Pressure . 15 4.3 Internal Water Pressure. 15 4.4 Silt and Earth Pressures . 16 4.5 Seismic Force . 17 4.6 Foundation Reaction . 17 5 Stability Analysis . 19 5.0 General. 19 5.1 Basic Loading Conditions . 19 5.2 Stability Criteria. 20 5.3 Stability Analysis . 20 iii Design Manual for Small RCC Gravity Dams • EB225 6 Provisions for Spillways . 25 6.0 Introduction. 25 6.1 Basic Spillway Crest Control Considerations . 25 6.2 Spillway Chute and Training Walls. 26 7 Design Issues and Details . 29 7.0 Foundation Improvement . 29 7.1 Facing Systems . 31 7.1.1 General . 31 7.1.2 Upstream Facing Systems . 31 7.1.2.1 Exposed RCC Faces . 31 7.1.2.2 Concrete Facing Systems . 32 7.1.2.3. Grout-Enriched RCC (GE-RCC) Faces. 33 7.1.3 Downstream Faces . 34 7.2 Shrinkage and Cracking . 35 7.3 Crack Control . 36 7.4 Lift Treatment . 36 7.5 Mortar Bedding . 37 7.6 Instrumentation . 38 8 RCC Mixture Proportions . 39 8.0 Introduction. 39 8.1 Materials for RCC . 39 8.1.1 Cementitious Materials . 39 8.1.1.1 Portland Cement . 39 8.1.1.2 Pozzolans. 40 8.1.2 Aggregates . 40 8.1.3 Water . ..
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