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The Comprehensive Evaluation on Resource Environmental Bearing Capacity of Central Cities in the Yellow River Delta-A Case Study on Dongying City

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The Comprehensive Evaluation on Resource Environmental Bearing Capacity of Central Cities in the Yellow River Delta-A Case Study on Dongying City JouJournalr noaf lGr ofou Grnoudwnadtwera Stecri eSncceien acend a Endn gEineengineeringr ing V o l.V5o l .5N o .N4 o .4D ec D. ec2017. 2017 The comprehensive evaluation on resource environmental bearing capacity of central cities in the Yellow River Delta-A case study on Dongying City WANG Kui-feng1,2,3*, XU Meng1, CHEN Xiao-man4 1 Shandong Institute and Laboratory of Geological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Resource Utilization of Metallic Minerals in Shandong, Key Laboratory of Gold Mineralization Process and Resource Utilization Subordinate to the Ministry of Land and Resource, Jinan 250013, China. 2 Key Laboratory of Assessing Resource Environmental bearing capacity, Ministry of Land and Resources (Chinese Academy of Land and Resource Economics, China University of Geosciences in Beijing), Beijing 101149, China. 3 School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China. 4 Guangdong Research Center for Geoanalysis, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, China. Abstract: Dongying City, which is the most important central city in the Yellow River Delta, is located in the estuary of the Yellow River. With a short land formation time, ecological environment is very weak in this area. To realize the sustainable economic development of the Yellow River Delta, resource environment and resource environmental bearing capacity (REBC) must be improved. This study builds assessment system of regional REBC through resource and economic characteristics in Yellow River Delta and uses principal component analysis (PCA) method to evaluate REBC of five counties and districts in Dongying City in 2011-2015 on the dimensions of time and space. Results show that, on the time dimension, Guangrao County is ranked first, Dongying district second for four years and Hekou and Kenli districts with lower ranks in 2012-2015, indicating that more attention needs to be paid to REBC of Hekou and Dongying districts and these two districts should be included into key monitoring areas. From space scale, REBC in five counties and districts has been gradually improving. In order to further develop REBC in Dongying City, measures such as intensifying protection of urban ecological environment and developing circular economy, etc. should be implemented. Keywords: Resource environmental bearing capacity; Dongying City; Comprehensive evaluation; Yellow River Delta national strategy. REBC refers to that on the Introduction premise that the natural ecological environment is not damaged and a good ecological system maintains, the economy and population scale that With the acceleration of economic develop- natural resources and environmental capacity in ment and industrialization, the dependence on certain geographical space can hold, and it reflects resources and environment is increasing day by day, the relationship between socio-economic develop- which inevitably has a great influence on them in ment as well as resource exploitation and turn, thus affecting the harmonious development of environmental protection. The evaluation of REBC human and nature. Building a resource-conserving includes resource endowments and environmental and environment-friendly society based on resource capacity, and the matching degree of resource environmental bearing capacity (REBC), with environmental supporting capacity and socio- natural law as its principle and the sustainable economic development (WANG Kui-feng and XU development as its goal has been risen to the Meng, 2017; WANG Kui-feng, 2016; LI Na and *WANG Kui-feng (1981-), male, from Shandong province, post WANG Kui-feng, 2016; HUANG Bing-jie and doctor, senior engineer, engaged in geological environment and QIAO Lu, 2012; HUANG Jie, 2014; WANG geological resources research. E-mail: [email protected]. Yun-xi, 2015; WANG Wei, 2012; ZHOU Wei et al. 354http://gwse.iheg.org.cn http://gwse.iheg.org.cn Journal of GrouJoundrwnalt eor fS Grcieouncend awnadte Er nSgcineeiencrieng and VEonl.g5i n eeNori.n4g D ecVo. l.20175 N o.4 Dec. 2017 2015). Comprehensive REBC evaluation of the Yellow Dongying City is an important resource and the River Delta is conducted with county as the basic core city of the Blue Economic Zone on Shandong unit. Under the principles of being typical, Peninsula and Efficient Ecological Economic Zone representative, scientific and practical, a evaluation in the Yellow River Delta, as well as an important indicator system composed of factors which can oil industrial base and typical oil and gas resource reflect the regional resource environmental quality city in East China. With a short land formation time, from different aspects and have statistical ecological environment and REBC are very weak in significance is established to make sure that the Dongying City, a central city in the Yellow River indicator can objectively reflect the real situation of Delta. To realize the sustainable economic REBC. development of the Yellow River Delta, REBC must be improved. At present, researches related to 1.2 Establishment comprehensive REBC evaluation of oil and gas resource cities which coordinated land and marine The comprehensive REBC evaluation system development have not been published. This paper consists of target and indicator levels. The target establishes evaluation system model and evaluation level refers to target of REBC evaluation. As methods of REBC based on resource environmental resource environment mutually coordinates with and economic development characteristics of oil socio-economic development, the indicator system and gas resource cities in the Yellow River Delta should consider economic and social indicators, so and its coastal zone, offering an objective that the final target level should include resource evaluation basis for deciding regional strategy of environmental indicator and socio-economic sustainable development (GAO Yan-liang, 2011; indicator. The indicator level is composed of WANG Cun-long et al. 2014; YAN Shi-qiang, comprehensive, scientific and representative 2005). indicators that can reflect the characteristics and conditions of a certain aspect of an object independently. Resource environmental indicator as well as socio-economic indicator in this study is 1 Establishment of indicator system shown in Table 1. 1.1 Principles Table 1 The comprehensive REBC evaluation indicator system in central cities of the Yellow River Delta Indicator Target level Indicator level properties N1 richness of oil and gas resources, N2 per capita arable land, N3 land development intensity (ratio of construction land), N4 available water, N5 recycling rate of industrial water, N6 the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water, N7 standard-reaching rate of industrial effluent , N8 harmless Supporting treatment rate of urban garbage, N9 standard-reaching rate of centralized indicators Resource drinking water source, N10 rate of good air quality, N11comprehensive environmental utilization rate of solid waste, N12 urban per capita green area, N13 forest indicator coverage rate, N14 relative proportion of wetland, N15 relative area of ecological protection zones. N16 annual average concentration of PMIO, N17 annual average concentration Pressure of sulfur dioxide, N18 annual average concentration of nitrogen dioxide, N19 indicators development intensity of coastline area, N20 stability of regional crustal structure, N21 risk of geological disasters, N22 oil pollution in water and soil. N23 ratio of investment on comprehensive ecological improvement in GDP, Socio-economic Supporting N24 per capita GDP, N25 ratio of fiscal revenue in GDP, N26 growth rate of indicator indicators fixed asset investment, N29 urban per capita disposable income, N30 per capita living space, N31 gross industrial output value. http://gwse.iheg.org.cn 355 JouJournalr noaf lGr ofou Grnoudwnadtwera Stecri eSncceien acend a Endn gEineengineeringr ing V o l.V5o l .5N o .N4 o .4D ec D. ec2017. 2017 crustal structure, risk of geological disasters and oil 2 Data sources, evaluation method pollution in water and soil. Supporting indicators and empirical analysis refer to all the socio-economic indicators and other resource environmental indicators. Within the determined range, greater supporting indicators and 2.1 Data sources smaller pressure indicators are better. The The indicators within the resource environ- standardization of indicator data adopts Z-score mental system include qualitative and quantitative Standardization (standardization of standard ones, and the indicators of socio-economic deviation) in the SPSS software. What should be development system are all quantitative ones. The noted is that negative indicators should adopt quantitative indicators are mainly consulted with reciprocal or reverse assignment. relevant data provided from Statistical Yearbook of Shandong Province, Dongying Statistical Yearbook, 2.4 Calculation of comprehensive Statistical Yearbook of Dongying City as well as its evaluation indicator counties and districts, Statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development in The results of IBM SPSS Statistics 21’s Dongying City, China Environmental Statistics correlation analysis show that most of the indicators Yearbook, Bulletin of Water Resources in have significant linear correlation, which indicates Dongying City and Environment Bulletin of that there are information overlaps. Therefore, this Dongying City from 2011 to 2016. The qualitative study adopts PCA method to evaluate REBC in indicators are mainly graded from 1 to 5 by survey Dongying City
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