Tuesday Volume 673 17 March 2020 No. 42

HOUSE OF COMMONS OFFICIAL REPORT

PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES (HANSARD)

Tuesday 17 March 2020 © Parliamentary Copyright House of Commons 2020 This publication may be reproduced under the terms of the Open Parliament licence, which is published at www.parliament.uk/site-information/copyright/. 779 17 MARCH 2020 780

right across the world to give them the support and House of Commons advice that they need. I will be making a further statement after oral questions. Tuesday 17 March 2020 Dr Caroline Johnson: What discussions is my right hon. Friend having with his counterparts in countries The House met at half-past Eleven o’clock such as the United States, Australia and Israel, which are working actively on a vaccine for covid-19, so that we can share information from our research and develop PRAYERS a vaccine more quickly together?

Dominic Raab: I thank my hon. Friend for that question [MR SPEAKER in the Chair] —I know how expert she is in this field. We are, of course, emphasising the importance of vaccine research and encouraging the scientific community to co-ordinate. In particular, we want to prioritise collaboration on Oral Answers to Questions vaccineresearch,includingwithfinancingandco-ordination throughtheCoalitionforEpidemicPreparednessInnovations fund. FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE Michael Fabricant: SARS—severe acute respiratory syndrome—swine flu and now coronavirus are all thought The Secretary of State was asked— to have emanated from unsanitary wet butcheries in east Asia and China. What can my right hon. Friend do Covid-19 to co-ordinate an effort—perhaps after all this is over— to prevent any such disease from ever starting in such 1. Andy Carter (Warrington South) (Con): What places again? diplomatic steps he is taking with his international counterparts to tackle the spread of covid-19. [901574] Dominic Raab: My hon. Friend is absolutely right that addressing the root causes of covid-19 and similar 11. Dr Caroline Johnson (Sleaford and North Hykeham) potential pandemics will require close co-operation with (Con): What diplomatic steps he is taking with his the international community, including China and other international counterparts to tackle the spread of covid-19. south-east-Asian partners. With that in mind, we welcome [901587] the Chinese Government’s decision on 24 February to make permanent the temporary ban on the trade and 12. Michael Fabricant (Lichfield) (Con): What steps consumption of live wild animals. he is taking with his international counterparts to ban wet markets and butcheries in (a) China and (b) south-east Craig Whittaker: Many constituents are finding that Asia where viruses have crossed the animal-human interface; unless Government travel advice advises against travel and if he will make a statement. [901588] to a specific country or area, insurance companies do not pay out. Australia currently requires a two-week 15. Craig Whittaker (Calder Valley) (Con): What recent self-isolation period, but we are still not advising people steps he has taken to update travel advice on travelling not to travel there. What discussions is my right hon. to areas and countries affected by covid-19. [901592] Friend having with the insurance industry to make sure that constituents are covered in such situations? 16. Charlotte Nichols (Warrington North) (Lab): What steps he is taking to support UK nationals based overseas who are at risk from covid-19. [901593] Dominic Raab: My hon. Friend is absolutely right. The situation is moving very rapidly—to give him a The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth sense of that, I should say that the Foreign Office made Affairs and First Secretary of State (Dominic Raab): more than 200 changes to our travel advice over the last The Prime Minister spoke to his G7 counterparts yesterday weekend alone. We have also published a checklist to about the international effort to take a global and help British travellers to think through the challenges of effective response in tackling covid-19. international travel and the questions they should ask about it. We are in contact with the airlines for the Andy Carter: In the light of the rapidly developing insurance reasons that my hon. Friend explained. As I coronavirus pandemic, will my right hon. Friend update mentioned, I will make a further statement after oral the House on how the Government, and specifically the questions. Foreign Office, are providing support to British nationals who are currently in other countries? Charlotte Nichols: Over the coming weeks and months, as more and more airlines, travel operators and insurance Dominic Raab: We are working with £241 million of firms go bust, more and more British nationals will find aid funding and investing £65 million in research to themselves stranded abroad without accommodation support vulnerable countries’ capacity to tackle this. or flight options. Will the Secretary of State reassure us The Foreign Office is regularly reviewing our travel advice, that the Foreign Office is gearing up for that challenge and consular staff are working with British nationals and will be there to provide whatever support is required? 781 Oral Answers 17 MARCH 2020 Oral Answers 782

Dominic Raab: The hon. Lady is absolutely right. On Brits trapped elsewhere can access embassies and missions the one hand, we do not want to take precipitate measures, that are resourced to answer their queries and to get but on the other we do want to take measures to prevent them home as soon as possible? more and more UK nationals—particularly vulnerable ones—from being stranded overseas. It is a difficult Dominic Raab: We understand the concern of any risk-balancing exercise, and I will say more about that constituent who finds themselves in a vulnerable position in the oral statement to follow. and also, of course, that of MPs who are trying to do their best. Wehave beefed up the support we are providing. Emily Thornberry (Islington South and Finsbury) There is a parliamentary hotline for MPs, and I will (Lab): Happy St Patrick’s day, Mr Speaker. make sure that Ministers give the hon. Gentleman all The lack of global co-ordination in tackling the the details so that he can provide the most support and covid-19 outbreak has been truly shocking, but is that up-to-date advice to his constituents. any wonder,given that last week, according to the German Government, the so-called leader of the free world Tom Tugendhat (Tonbridge and Malling) (Con): I offered CureVac “large sums of money” to make sure very much welcome my right hon. Friend’s response that the vaccine it is developing would be available only today, but does he remember from the Ebola crisis only for those from the United States? Does the Foreign a few years ago the woeful and very slow approach of Secretary agree that Donald Trump’s response to this the World Health Organisation? Does he not feel that outbreak has been nothing but a disgrace? we are seeing a similar response from the WHO today? Can he assure me that he is working with international partners to ensure that there is a proper, co-ordinated Dominic Raab: I certainly agree with the right hon. response despite the WHO, and that that will be the Lady that we need a co-ordinated international response, foundation for building a new international co-operative and we need to get better internationally at that—the response? Prime Minister made that point during yesterday’s G7 conversation. I do not think that just bashing the Dominic Raab: I thank my hon. Friend, the Chair of Americans or the President of the US is a substitute for the Foreign Affairs Committee. We are doing our level the sensible, practical measures that we need to take to best as the UK to forge the strongest consensus possible. bring British nationals, and also our European partners, We have a total aid envelope of £241 million of funding. home on the repatriation flights that we have organised, We are providing up to £150 million of that to the to deal with research and the vaccine mentioned by International Monetary Fund, £10 million to the WHO, my hon. Friend the Member for Sleaford and North £5 million to the Red Cross and £5 million to UNICEF. Hykeham (Dr Johnson), and to increase the resilience It is important that we work as collaboratively as possible and capacity of those vulnerable countries that are with all our international partners—the WHO, but also trying to deal with an even greater challenge. We are those working in the voluntary sector, who often have addressing all those issues. The Foreign Office is working particularly good expertise and access on the ground with the Department for International Development, where it is needed most. the Department of Health and Social Care, and the Ministry of Defence, and we are talking to all our partners Syria: Ceasefire right around the world. 2. Jim Shannon (Strangford) (DUP): What steps he is Emily Thornberry: The truth is that Donald Trump’s taking to support a ceasefire in Syria. [901575] lackof internationalleadershiphasbeenquiteextraordinary. He started by calling the outbreaks a hoax, comparing The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth coronavirus to winter flu and dismissing health advice, Affairs and First Secretary of State (Dominic Raab): We but he now calls it the “foreign virus”, blaming Europe welcome the ceasefire in Idlib agreed by Turkey and for its spread and today blaming China, and says that Russia on 5 March, and we call on all parties to respect he takes no responsibility at all. Does the Secretary of it and make it permanent. State agree that it is shameful that such behaviour is what we have come to expect from the current American Jim Shannon: First, may I wish you, Mr Speaker, and President, even at this time of global crisis? all right hon. and hon. Members a happy St Patrick’s day from everyone in Northern Ireland? Dominic Raab: I have to say to the right hon. Lady The crisis in Syria means that Lebanon is in the middle that I think we have done quite a good job in this House of an economic crisis, and its infrastructure was already of trying to adopt a bipartisan approach. Whether straining to support an influx of more than 1 million domestically or internationally, finger-pointing just does Syrian refugees, who now make up 20% of the country’s not help in any shape or form. We are going to work population. Those refugees are also facing coronavirus. with all our partners—the US, the Europeans, those in What steps is the Minister taking to ensure that Syrian South America and those in Asia, as I have already refugees, particularly those from more vulnerable groups, mentioned—to try to forge the most effective response. are adequately supported? That is what all our constituents expect and deserve. Dominic Raab: I thank the hon. Gentleman. Let me Neil Coyle (Bermondsey and Old Southwark) (Lab): say at the outset that I totally agree with him about the Aman Nasir and Laura Bartley, two of my constituents, need to stem the flow of refugees. He mentions Lebanon; are among 100 Brits trapped in Lima, Peru. They say of course, Turkey has also taken 4 million refugees. The that they cannot get through to our embassy in that first thing to say is that we must hold the Syrian regime country, so how are the Government ensuring that all and the Russian Government to account for the brutality 783 Oral Answers 17 MARCH 2020 Oral Answers 784 of the fighting, which is causing the refugee flows. Nigel Adams: We are wholly committed as a nation to We must do everything within our power to firm up the ensuring that all efforts to tackle conflict-related sexual ceasefire and make it nationwide, and then also, of violence are survivor-centred, in line with UN Security course, provide humanitarian support. The Department Council resolution 2467, and that this policy and practice for International Development announced £89 million avoids the re-traumatisation of survivors. in new aid for Idlib this month. On 11 March, the RAF delivered 37 tonnes of UK aid. I was recently in Turkey Theresa Villiers (Chipping Barnet) (Con): Some appalling talking with the Foreign Minister and President Erdog˘an incidents of gender-based violence occurred during the about the measures that we need to take to bring that Sri Lankan civil war. Will the Foreign Office do everything terrible conflict to an end. in its power to persuade the Sri Lankan Government to live up to the commitments they made in sponsoring resolution 30/1 in the UN Human Rights Council? Preventing Sexual Violence in Conflict Nigel Adams: We certainly will. My right hon. Friend 3. Anthony Mangnall (Totnes) (Con): What steps he is raises an important point. We are in regular contact and taking to support the preventing sexual violence in will ensure that, through our network and all channels, conflict initiative. [901576] we discuss this with our Sri Lankan friends. Saudi Arabia: Human Rights The Minister for Asia (Nigel Adams): The preventing sexual violence in conflict initiative remains a top Government priority. The UK is recognised as a global 4. Dame Diana Johnson (Kingston upon Hull North) leader on the issue. We have committed over £46 million (Lab): What human rights issues were discussed during across 29 countries since 2012 and deployed the UK his recent visit to Saudi Arabia. [901577] PSVI team of experts over 90 times. We are currently reassessing potential dates for the PSVI international 8. Wera Hobhouse (Bath) (LD): What recent discussions conference in the light of developments on coronavirus, he has had with his Saudi Arabian counterpart on the but we are committed to progressing conference ambitions (a) detention, (b) ill treatment and (c) trial of women of strengthening justice for survivors and holding the human rights defenders in that country. [901584] perpetrators of these horrific crimes to account. The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Anthony Mangnall: I thank the Minister for his response. Affairs and First Secretary of State (Dominic Raab): I In 2019, 14 million women were subject to gender-based travelled to Riyadh on 4 March to 5 March and met violence. We know that this figure rises during conflicts senior Saudis, including His Majesty King Salman and and crises.Will the ministerial team work with international the Foreign Minister, Prince Faisal. We discussed a whole groups and make representations at the UN later this range of bilateral issues, and I raised human rights, year—presuming that the conference goes ahead—on including detained women’s rights defenders. preventing sexual violence in conflict and ensuring that we keep a firm eye on gender-based violence? Dame Diana Johnson: I am pleased to hear that the Foreign Secretary raised with the Saudi Arabian Nigel Adams: I thank my hon. Friend for his question. Government the women’s human rights defenders. Did I know that he takes a keen interest in this area, given he mention Loujain al-Hathloul, who is facing an unfair his previous work for Lord Hague, the former Foreign trial, arbitrary detention, and sexual abuse and mistreatment Secretary. in custody for carrying out lawful and peaceful campaigning activities? If her case goes to trial, will the British This is a big year for gender equality, as it includes Government observe that trial, and did the Foreign the 25th anniversary of the Beijing declaration and Secretary call for her release? platform for action, and the 20th anniversary of UN Security Council resolution 1325 on women, peace and security. The UK is proud to be a global leader in efforts Dominic Raab: I pay tribute to the hon. Lady for her to eradicate gender-based violence, and this year we will championing of this very important issue. I raised a launch a new £67.5 million multi-country programme whole range of cases before the Saudi courts in relation to prevent gender-based violence. We have expressed a to women’s rights defenders, and also the fact that, strong interest in leading the Generation Equality action having lifted the ban on women driving and taken other coalition on ending gender-based violence, and we will measures, that was particularly anomalous. Her concerns announce plans for the proposed UN General Assembly have been raised, and we will continue to raise those summit in due course. issues with the Saudi Government. Wera Hobhouse: I appreciate that my question is not Fabian Hamilton (Leeds North East) (Lab): The about what is currently uppermost in people’s minds, aforementioned Lord Hague—the architect of the but human rights abuses continue to be committed, preventing sexual violence initiative—recently said that even while covid-19 is spreading. What active steps are if the UK was not prepared to take effective action in the Government taking to help to secure the unconditional this area, release of human rights activists? “it would be better to let another country take the lead”. Does the Minister agree, or will he listen to Lord Hague Dominic Raab: I thank the hon. Lady for her question. and give this vital initiative the funding and political I was not quite clear whether she was talking specifically leadership it deserves? about Saudi Arabia, but we raise these issues. Obviously 785 Oral Answers 17 MARCH 2020 Oral Answers 786 the Government and the jurisdictions are very sensitive promote human rights in Saudi Arabia. I am conscious about their cases, but we raise these issues because that that we also need to deal with the interlocutors we are is what international law requires. We have made the dealt. On that point, I would be grateful for the FCO’s points that she and the hon. Member for Kingston assessment of the stability of the regime in Riyadh, upon Hull North (Dame Diana Johnson) have raised, given very worrying reports of arrests and incarcerations and we will continue to do so. of key members of it. Was that part of the discussions There has been an incremental and modest improvement when the Foreign Secretary was last in the capital? in Saudi Arabia’s human rights situation. In the World Bank’s “Women, Business and the Law 2020” report, Dominic Raab: The hon. Gentleman is right to raise Saudi Arabia was ranked as the most improved economy human rights issues. I have explained all the issues—from for women’seconomic opportunities.Wewant to encourage Raif Badawi to the women’s rights defenders and that positivity, and also, where there are abuses of Khashoggi—which we will always raise with our Saudi human rights—whether in relation to the Khashoggi interlocutors. Equally, they are an important partner case, Raif Badawi, which was another case I raised, or with us for all sorts of reasons, but particularly in the women’s rights defenders—to make sure that that is relation to forging peace and trying to secure peace in a part of our bilateral relations. We will keep raising Yemen. The regime looks entirely stable to me but, these important issues. of course, given everything else that is going on with coronavirus and with oil production, there is tremendous Fabian Hamilton (Leeds North East) (Lab): This economic pressure on the whole region. We want to try week will mark five years since the start of the war in to reduce that pressure and, particularly on Yemen, to Yemen. That war has seen the Saudi Government bomb work with all partners in the region to end that terrible Yemeni civilians in their thousands and starve them in conflict. their millions, with callous indifference and complete impunity. After five years, when will the Secretary of Alyn Smith: I am grateful for the answer, and I was State finally bring forward a resolution demanding a struck by the Foreign Secretary’s earlier point that we full independent UN-led investigation of these appalling can only force the Saudis to do so much. However, war crimes? we could stop selling them guns, tanks and bombs, and we could actually put some ethics into our foreign Dominic Raab: We are focused on bringing that terrible policy and prioritise the rights of the people in Yemen conflict—I agree with the hon. Gentleman about that—to and the children who are currently suffering so badly as an end. We want pressure to be put on the Houthis, and a result of the conflict. I am struck that the Saudis are also a positive dynamic. Probably the single biggest indeed a partner in that war in terms of promoting the issue that I raised with my Saudi counterparts was an peace, but they are also a partner in that war full stop. I end to the conflict in Yemen, which will require all the think that the UK could be rather more muscular in our relevant actors to come together. There is a political discussions regarding that point. dialogue through the UN. We want confidence-building measures that will lead to a proper political dialogue, Dominic Raab: The hon. Gentleman will of course and to get that issue and the conflict resolved. There is a know about the efforts—in particular with the UN envoy, window of opportunity in 2020 to achieve that, and we Martin Griffiths—to bring an end to that conflict, and will be working very hard with all the relevant actors to we have been tireless in supporting, pursuing and secure it. supplementing them. Of course a lot of the diplomacy will go on behind the scenes. Fabian Hamilton: While we are trying to get somewhere The hon. Gentleman mentions arms exports. We have on war crimes in Yemen, may I ask the Secretary of one of the most robust arms export control regimes in State about another imminent anniversary? It is 18 months the world. We have carefully considered the implications since Jamal Khashoggi was murdered in Istanbul. At of the Court of Appeal’s judgment, for example, and we the time we were promised, from the Government Dispatch will make sure that we are always compliant. However, Box, a credible investigation to find out who ordered his the reality is that our focus has been on, as the hon. murder, with serious consequences to follow as a result. Gentleman mentioned, raising human rights issues when Almost a year and a half on, can the Secretary of State necessary, and also on trying to bring all the parties, explain why we are still waiting? including the Houthi rebels, to the table to have a proper political dialogue that can end the conflict in the interests Dominic Raab: I think that the hon. Gentleman will of all the people in Yemen. know that there is a certain limit to what we can actually force Saudi Arabia to do. There has been a Scott Benton (Blackpool South) (Con): Does my trial. There have been criticisms and concerns about right hon. Friend agree that only through constructive that, but some have been held to account. We continue dialogue with Saudi Arabia can we hasten progress on to raise the issue. I raised it when I was in Riyadh on issues of human rights and the ongoing conflict in Yemen? 4 and 5 March. We do not shy away from it or, most importantly, from getting the reassurance—as well as Dominic Raab: My hon. Friend is right, and we are the accountability that he wishes—that something like listened to more because we engage and try to exert this will never happen again. positive influence. Equally, however, we will not be shy or retiring in raising those issues. We raised them in the Alyn Smith (Stirling) (SNP): I warmly endorse the Human Rights Council statement in March 2019, and sentiments of the question asked by the hon. Member in other UN forums. As I said, when I was in Riyadh for Kingston upon Hull North (Dame Diana Johnson), recently, we raised those issues bilaterally with all senior and I do think the United Kingdom could do more to interlocutors. 787 Oral Answers 17 MARCH 2020 Oral Answers 788

Dr Julian Lewis (New Forest East) (Con): What is the Emily Thornberry (Islington South and Finsbury) Government’s latest assessment of the role of Saudi (Lab): I was interested to hear what the Minister said Arabia in promoting radical Islamist doctrines beyond about multilateral institutions, because the European its borders? convention on human rights was the brainchild of Winston Churchill. It was drawn up by British lawyers, and the Dominic Raab: I pay tribute to my right hon. Friend’s UK was the first country to ratify it in 1951. Instead of expertise in this area. We have raised that issue. There being proud of that achievement, why do the Government has been a step change and a reduction in the Government now want to stand alone with Belarus, Europe’s last promoting that kind of extremism, and we want to remaining dictatorship, in refusing to support the ensure that other private sector or charitable bodies are convention? also compliant. We have raised those issues, and I will continue to do so. Nigel Adams: We continue to work with regional organisations, including the European Union, the OSCE, Human Rights the Council of Europe, and the Commonwealth, to strengthen their democracy work. Most recently we have 6. Gerald Jones (Merthyr Tydfil and Rhymney) (Lab): offered support for election monitoring in North Macedonia What recent steps he has taken to strengthen human and Serbia, and we are supportive of the work that rights throughout the world. [901579] human rights defenders do across the world by promoting and protecting democratic values as well as human 14. Lilian Greenwood (Nottingham South) (Lab): What rights. recent steps he has taken to strengthen the protection of human rights throughout the world. [901590] Arctic Ocean Trade Routes

The Minister for Asia (Nigel Adams): The UK is 7. Matt Western (Warwick and Leamington) (Lab): committed to the promotion and protection of human What discussions he has had with the Secretary of State rights worldwide. We are one of the longest standing for International Trade on the development of new members of the Human Rights Council, and we are trade routes across the Arctic ocean. [901582] committed to maintaining that record when we stand for re-election this year. The UK’s autonomous global The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign human rights Magnitsky-style sanctions regime is due and Commonwealth Affairs (Wendy Morton): Climate to come into force in the coming months. That will change is the greatest threat facing the Arctic, and it is allow us to impose sanctions in response to serious human driving other changes there too. The reduction in summer rights violations or abuses around the world. sea ice cover in the Arctic has the potential to increase international shipping activity in the Arctic; however, Gerald Jones: Since June 2019, when the UK became hostile conditions and the lack of infrastructure will co-chair of the Equal Rights Coalition to defend make commercial operations difficult for a considerable LGBT communities around the world, no additional time. The UK cross-Government Arctic network met in Commonwealth countries have joined. Even now, there January and discussed issues related to shipping and are no Commonwealth members from Africa, Asia or environmental protection in the Arctic ocean. the Caribbean. What can the Minister do to improve that dire situation? Matt Western: There are huge economic advantages, particularly for the far east, in these lanes opening up, Nigel Adams: We must tackle all human rights issues but that will come at huge environmental cost. Will the through multilateral organisations wherever possible. Minister explain what discussions have been had through The UK Government will continue to make that case the United Nations about how we ensure the protection through our networks and ministerial team, and the and preservation of such an important pristine natural hon. Gentleman raises a serious point. environment?

Lilian Greenwood: University professor Chan Kin-man WendyMorton: The hon. Gentleman makes an important said about the 2014 Umbrella protest in Hong Kong: point. It is vital that the world comes together to take “The reason we had this protest is that China did not honour a renewed action to limit global warming to 1.5°. There promise to Hong Kong to let it have democracy.” are 70-plus UK institutions engaged in Arctic research. He now faces seven years in jail for leading that protest. The UK’sresearch station at Svalbard in Norway celebrates Will the Government stand up for him, or was Chris its 30th anniversary in 2020. We are doing a huge amount Patten right to describe their policy towards China as of work in this area. simply “craven”? Human Rights: Sanctions Regime Nigel Adams: I met the Chinese ambassador in the past 10 days, and raised the issue of Hong Kong. We 9. Jonathan Gullis (Stoke-on-Trent North) (Con): If remain concerned about the political situation in Hong the Government will bring forward legislative proposals Kong, and believe that the underlying causes of the for a global human rights sanctions regime after the protests have not been addressed. We welcome the transition period. [901585] peaceful manner in which so many Hong Kong people have expressed their views, and we will continue to call The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign for a robust, credible, and independent investigation and Commonwealth Affairs (Wendy Morton): As the into the events in Hong Kong between June 2019 and Foreign Secretary has said on previous occasions, we last January. will establish an autonomous UK global human rights 789 Oral Answers 17 MARCH 2020 Oral Answers 790

Magnitsky sanctions regime shortly. That will reinforce of all faiths have suffered; in fact, the majority of victims our role as a global leader in the promotion and protection are Muslims. The Prime Minister discussed our concerns of human rights. We will do that through secondary and UK support with President Buhari in January. My legislationundertheSanctionsandAnti-MoneyLaundering hon. Friend the Member for Gillingham and Rainham Act 2018. That sanctions regime will allow us to impose (Rehman Chishti), the Prime Minister’s excellent special sanctions in response to serious human rights violations envoy for freedom of religion or belief, who is in his or abuses anywhere in the world. place, also discussed the violence recently with President Buhari’s chief of staff and has had a number of other Jonathan Gullis: Does my hon. Friend agree that one meetings, including briefing the full ministerial team of the benefits of leaving the European Union is that last week. our new sanctions regime will allow us to go faster and further in holding the worst human rights abusers to Florence Eshalomi: I thank the Minister for his response. account? Given that recommendation 2 of the Truro review states that the UK should: Wendy Morton: The sanctions Act allows the UK to “Articulate an aspiration to be the global leader in championing implement our own sanctions regimes, and we intend to FoRB”— use those powers in line with UK interests and values freedom of religion or belief—and that the UK Government to reinforce the UK’s role as a force for good. We will have committed to all its recommendations, what more continue to co-operate with international partners on does the Minister think the Government can do to sanctions, including on human rights, because sanctions assert pressure on the Nigerian Government? Will he are most effective when delivered collectively. also be considering the claims of asylum seekers from the Nigerian community? Chris Bryant (Rhondda) (Lab): The Foreign Secretary was one of the loudest in clamouring for these Magnitsky James Duddridge: As the hon. Lady says, we accept in sanctions to be brought forward, yet they have been on full the Truro recommendations. I am meeting the Prime the statute book for two years and we still do not have Minister’s envoy again to discuss progress—I think we the statutory instruments. One Minister has said we will are about halfway through. The point I gently make is have them “in the coming months”; another has said we that the situation is quite complicated. Religious belief will have them “soon”. If the Foreign Secretary were sitting is central to the identity of many in Nigeria, but the on the Back Benches, he would be saying, “Do them underlying drivers of conflict go beyond to ethnic rivalries, now!” criminal banditry, competition over land and water, and the settled community and the nomadic Fulani community. Wendy Morton: And we absolutely are. We are working There is a lot of complexity to work through, but I will really hard; the hon. Gentleman just needs to wait a continue to do that with the Prime Minister’s envoy. I little longer. [Interruption.] If the right hon. Member am more than happy to work with the all-party group for Islington South and Finsbury (Emily Thornberry) on Nigeria, of which I was once secretary, as well as the will allow me to speak, I will reinforce my answer. The hon. Lady and other interested parties. hon. Member for Rhondda (Chris Bryant) just needs to wait a little longer. The regime will be coming forward. Rehman Chishti (Gillingham and Rainham) (Con): I We are taking the time to get it right, which is absolutely thank the Minister for that answer. On the question the right thing to do. Just wait a little longer. posed earlier about the United Kingdom being a leader and champion on freedom of religion or belief, will the Alicia Kearns (Rutland and Melton) (Con): When we Minister clarify that the UK, not just bilaterally but bring forward the Magnitsky regime, will we also bring through other forums such as the International Religious forward sanctions against individuals who profit through Freedom Alliance and the International Contact Group corruption and human rights abuses? in Geneva last week, has raised the issue of Nigeria? As the Prime Minister’s envoy, I can say that the UK is Wendy Morton: It is important that we recognise that taking forward with ministerial colleagues the issue of the sanctions regime is intended to target not individual Nigeria at every level. Recommendations 12 and 13 of countries but those who commit serious human rights the Truro review, as well as recommendation 2, cover violations. As I said, we are working really hard to the work we do on Nigeria with non-governmental ensure that what comes forward is right; just wait a little organisations, both in the UK and with our counterparts longer and we will see that come forward. It is no good around the world. speculating in advance about who may be designated, because that may reduce the impact of sanctions. James Duddridge: My hon. Friend demonstrates his excellence in this area and makes the very valid point Nigeria: Persecution of Christians that it is about not just bilateral activity, but multilateral activity and the leadership role we have, particularly 10. Florence Eshalomi (Vauxhall) (Lab/Co-op): What now as the chair of the Commonwealth and in handing representations he has made to his Nigerian counterpart over the baton in Kigali to the Rwandans. We will on the persecution of Christians in that country. continue to raise these issues, which we do not see in [901586] isolation. These are thematic issues that we raise consistently, both bilaterally and multilaterally. The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (James Duddridge): The UK Mr Gregory Campbell (East Londonderry) (DUP): condemns all attacks by terrorist groups in north-east During the recent discussions, did the Nigerian authorities Nigeria, including those against Christians,but communities hold out any hope or prospect that Christian groups 791 Oral Answers 17 MARCH 2020 Oral Answers 792 and other faith-based groups can look forward to the Soft Power immediate prospect of a cessation of violence, and some safety and security for the future? 17. Chris Clarkson (Heywood and Middleton) (Con): What diplomatic steps he is taking to enhance UK soft James Duddridge: All parties are looking for a greater power overseas. [901594] degree of safety and security,particularly in the north-east. It is a complicated situation that does keep coming 18. Dr Jamie Wallis (Bridgend) (Con): What diplomatic back. As one suppresses some problems, others come steps he is taking to enhance UK soft power overseas. out. We are working very closely with our Nigerian and international partners in the north-east and across the [901596] whole of Nigeria. Nigeria is one of our biggest partners on these and a number of other issues. I will raise them The Minister for Asia (Nigel Adams): Our consistent with our high commissioner again. I met our high top-table ranking in numerous soft power indices makes commissioner last week and will continue to work on the UK’s strengths clear, from our diplomatic network these issues, and I look forward to going back to Nigeria to cultural institutions and leading scientific research. to visit friends and colleagues. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office enhances the UK’s soft power overseas by investing in international future leaders through the Chevening and Marshall Climate Change scholarship programmes, supporting the BBC World Service in its biggest expansion in 70 years and, this year, 13. Jo Gideon (Stoke-on-Trent Central) (Con): What showcasing our creativity alongside the British Council progress the Government have made on tackling climate as part of the UK-Japan season of culture, as well change through international co-operation. [901589] as taking a leading role on climate ahead of COP26. Through our actions, we continue to have a positive The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign influence in the world. and Commonwealth Affairs (Wendy Morton): Climate change is one of the most urgent and pressing international Chris Clarkson: I recently visited Union Papertech in challenges we face today and no country alone can my constituency with Britain’s high commissioner to solve this problem. As COP presidents, in partnership Pakistan to see how its innovations in paper technology with Italy, we are driving forward the historic agreement are leading the way in booming consumer and green secured in Paris. The year 2020 is crucial for international economies in the subcontinent. Does the Minister agree co-operation on climate, which is why this is a cross- that some of global Britain’s best advocates and Government priority. The Prime Minister and other ambassadors open our markets for our values as well as Ministers are working hard to make COP26 a success. our products?

Jo Gideon: Does my hon. Friend agree that central to Nigel Adams: My hon. Friend is spot on. I agree that delivering a successful COP is the UK playing a leadership British innovation is a key soft power asset. We recognise role in the international community and pushing our the importance of innovation and technology for global global friends to more ambitious climate targets? Britain, which is why the Prime Minister has committed to the UK being a global science superpower by increasing Wendy Morton: Absolutely. This is something the investment in R&D. My hon. Friend’s example of the Prime Minister,the Foreign Secretary and all my colleagues high commissioner’s visit to Heywood and Middleton on the Front Bench take very seriously. We use every shows that our diplomats are committed to supporting opportunity to raise this issue in bilateral meetings and innovative British products, as they do throughout our in relation to business. It is vital that the world comes global network. together and takes renewed action to limit global warming to 1.5°. We urge every country to come forward in 2020 Dr Wallis: Does the Minister agree that our cultural with ambitious new nationally determined contributions exports are a major contributor to our soft power, in that will help us to meet the commitments set out under particular our film and television industry, which is the 2015 Paris agreement. prominent in south Wales? Will he do all he can to support it? Deidre Brock (Edinburgh North and Leith) (SNP): Department for International Development contributions Nigel Adams: My hon. Friend is right to raise that to the international climate fund between 2011 and issue. I have had the pleasure of visiting studios in 2017 were matched almost pound for pound by Department Wales. I agree that our creative industries are at the for International Trade funding for fossil fuel projects. forefront of the innovation I have mentioned. They put Is it not the Secretary of State’s job to ensure that the the UK’s skills and expertise on a global stage, about UK engages consistently with international partners? which we can all be proud. People who work in those What steps is he taking to make that happen? areas, including in Bridgend, are an asset to our influence around the world. Wendy Morton: The Government have a good record in that field. As I said, the Foreign Secretary, the Prime Catherine West (Hornsey and Wood Green) (Lab): Minister and all our Ministers are taking huge steps to The British Council is an important institution. My encourage the world to come together to take renewed constituent, who remains its employee, is still in Evin action and to use COP26 to deliver the climate change prison in Iran. What assessment has the Foreign agenda. and Commonwealth Office made of this morning’s 793 Oral Answers 17 MARCH 2020 Oral Answers 794 announcement that some prisoners have been released? The Minister for Asia (Nigel Adams): On 25 February Is Aras Amiri, or indeed Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe, among the Minister for South Asia and the Commonwealth, them? my noble Friend Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon, met the Sri Lankan Foreign Minister in Geneva to express the Nigel Adams: My right hon. Friend the Foreign Secretary UK’s serious concerns about the new Sri Lankan raised that issue with his Iranian counterpart yesterday. Government’s announcement that they no longer support We are deeply concerned about both the individuals the UNHRC resolution 31 and subsequent resolutions. hon. Lady mentions. We are liaising constantly with the Lord Ahmad urged the Foreign Minister to reconsider. Iranian authorities whenever possible and keeping in touch with family members to ensure that they are let Gareth Thomas: Human Rights Watch has this month out as soon as possible. chronicled Sri Lankan security agencies stepping up surveillance, harassment and threats against human Patrick Grady (Glasgow North) (SNP): In what way rights activists and journalists. Great as it is that Lord is continuing to disregard the advisory opinion of the Ahmad is raising concerns, as his ministerial colleague International Court of Justice and the resolution of has just set out, is it not about time that Britain got a the UN General Assembly on the future sovereignty of little more robust with the Sri Lankan authorities? the Chagos Islands a diligent exercise of the UK’s soft power? Nigel Adams: The hon. Gentleman is right to raise this matter. In a statement on 27 February we raised our Nigel Adams: We are confident in our position on the serious concerns about those reports of surveillance issue the hon. Gentleman mentions. We are more than and harassment of human rights defenders. We have happy to talk to him following the session so we can raised those concerns directly at senior level with the discuss it further one to one. Government in Colombo, and I can assure him that we will continue to urge the Sir Lankan Government to Violence in Delhi fulfil commitments made in the resolution; to deliver truth, accountability and meaningful reconciliation; and 19. Bob Blackman (Harrow East) (Con): What above all, to ensure the protection of human rights for discussions he has had with his Indian counterpart on everyone in Sri Lanka. the recent violence in Delhi and the police response. [901597] Topical Questions

The Minister for Asia (Nigel Adams): The events in T1. [901599] Dr Jamie Wallis (Bridgend) (Con): If he Delhi in February were very concerning, and the British will make a statement on his departmental responsibilities. high commission in New Delhi is monitoring the situation closely. The death of one protester is one too many. The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth India’s strength, like that of the UK, is in its diversity. Affairs and First Secretary of State (Dominic Raab): In We trust the Indian Government to address the concerns February I visited Australia, Japan, Malaysia and Singapore, of people of all religions. Where we have concerns, we and this month I have visited Turkey, Saudi Arabia and raise them directly with the Indian Government. Most Oman. Both regions are of growing importance as we recently, my colleague Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon deliver on our vision of global Britain. The Foreign and raised concerns about the impact of recent judicial and Commonwealth Office’s immediate priority, of course, legislative measures on minorities with a senior official is to do everything we can to ensure that our citizens are from India’s Ministry of External Affairs on 25 February. safe, at home and abroad, as part of our international response to covid-19. Bob Blackman: The violent riots that took place in Delhi have resulted in 1,638 arrests, 14 damaged mosques Dr Wallis: My constituent Stephen Lewis has been and 10 damaged Hindu temples, and more than 50 Hindus incarcerated in France for several months without charge and Muslims have been killed. After 330 community or trial, and the judge is citing Brexit as one of the meetings, however, places of worship are being repaired reasons why he will not be released. Will my right hon. and business is being restored. Can my hon. Friend Friend help me and Stephen’s family in our efforts to confirm that business is returning to normal in India, secure his release as soon as possible? with peaceful protests allowed but not violent ones? Dominic Raab: I pay tribute to my hon. Friend for his Nigel Adams: I know that my hon. Friend takes a efforts to represent his constituent. He will know that keen interest in this issue. We welcome the fact that FCO staff in Bordeaux have been following the case there have been no new reports of rioting since February, closely and have spoken to his constituent’s lawyer. The although we are sure that tensions remain. Now, as ever, examining magistrate is currently reviewing the case. we support Prime Minister Modi’s call for peace and We cannot provide more than consular support because, harmony. India’s strength, like that of the UK, is in its as my hon. Friend will know, we cannot intervene diversity, and we trust that the Indian Government will politically in individual judicial proceedings, but we will address the concerns of people of all religions. follow the case very carefully.

Sri Lanka: Human Rights T5. [901603] Mr Toby Perkins (Chesterfield) (Lab): The Iranian regime has taken a country rich in natural 20. Gareth Thomas (Harrow West) (Lab/Co-op): What resources and cultural history to a position of poverty recent representations he has made to his Sri Lankan that is brutal to its own people. However, rather than counterpart on human rights in that country. [901598] being supportive of the moderate opposition regime in 795 Oral Answers 17 MARCH 2020 Oral Answers 796 exile, the UK Government have banned Maryam Rajavi areas of Latin America. Might the Foreign Office be instead of welcoming her here to promote the cause of able to review the consular engagement that it is providing peace that could prevail in Iran. Will the Foreign Secretary for British nationals overseas to ensure that there is a take steps to ensure that Maryam Rajavi is welcomed joined-up approach? here, so that Iran can get back to becoming the wonderful nation that it really could be? The Minister for Asia (Nigel Adams): I know that my hon. Friend has been working very hard, because I have Dominic Raab: I am not sure that that sole measure been in contact with him over the weekend on behalf of would release the change in behaviour that we need in his constituents who have been affected by the outbreak. Tehran, but I accept the hon. Gentleman’s diagnosis of I can assure him that our consular staff in London and the problem. We have seen it in relation to the issue of worldwide are working around the clock to ensure that the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, and in relation British nationals affected by the epidemic, including to its destabilising activities in the middle east, from those in hospital, quarantine or isolation, are safe and Iraq through Syria to Yemen. As other Members have have access to healthcare whenever necessary.As Members mentioned, we have also seen it in relation to dual know, in some cases that has included repatriation, nationals. When I spoke to the Iranian Foreign Minister although it remains a last resort. yesterday, I made very clear that on all these fronts we will continue to hold Iran to account, and that if it Wes Streeting (Ilford North) (Lab): David Miliband wants to improve the situation both for the Government and David Cameron demonstrated the importance of and, most importantly, for the people of Iran, the leadership from the top in the context of human rights Iranian Government must take steps to build confidence in Sri Lanka. In that spirit, would the Foreign Secretary and return to compliance with international law. be prepared to meet me, and other members of the all-party parliamentary group for Tamils, on a cross-party T2. [901600] Mrs Sheryll Murray (South East Cornwall) basis to discuss the leadership that we now need from (Con): The International Atomic Energy Agency confirmed him in the light of the events and developments at the this month that Iran has nearly tripled its stockpile of United Nations Human Rights Council? enriched uranium since November, in flagrant violation of the 2015 nuclear deal. That puts it well within reach Nigel Adams: We are extremely concerned about the of the amount needed to produce a nuclear weapon. issues in Sri Lanka, to which I referred earlier in response Does the Minister share my concern that further steps to the question asked by the hon. Member for Harrow must be taken as a matter of urgency to stop Iran’s West (Gareth Thomas). As the Minister responsible for aggression, including the re-imposition of major sanctions? that region, I should be more than happy to meet the hon. Gentleman to discuss those issues further. Dominic Raab: As my hon. Friend will know, Iran is already subject to a wide range of sanctions. She rightly raised the issue of systemic non-compliance with the T4. [901602] Alicia Kearns (Rutland and Melton) (Con): JCPOA, and I have been working on that with my French Given the Government’s recognition of the importance and German counterparts. We triggered the dispute of the Sahel region, will the Minister please tell me what resolution mechanism, we will hold Iran to account, they are doing to improve the security of the area? and, above all, we will make sure that it can never acquire a nuclear weapon. I made all those points very clearly to James Duddridge: We are opening two new embassies Foreign Minister Zarif yesterday. in Niger and Chad. Last month I attended meetings of the G5 and the Sahel Alliance, where I was able to T6. [901605] Anne McLaughlin (Glasgow North East) reassure the five countries of the Sahel and the French (SNP): In 2016, President Adama Barrow gave hope to Foreign Minister of our support for the security and Gambians across the world when he was democratically military efforts in the region, including the deployment elected, ending the dictatorship of President Jammeh of UK troops in Mali. I was also able to raise the issue and 22 years of human rights abuses. Now he himself is of 12 years of quality girls’ education, which, in the in danger of following suit. At the last questions session, long term, helps both prosperity and security. the Minister told me that he was monitoring the situation. May I have an update, please? Ian Murray (Edinburgh South) (Lab): We all have constituents who are stranded overseas because of the The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign lack of flights. I have five nurses who are stuck in the and Commonwealth Affairs (James Duddridge): I thank Philippines, and the consular advice from the embassy the hon. Lady for her interest in Gambia. We were very has been for them to get on a flight as quickly as optimistic about it when it rejoined the Commonwealth. possible. First, there are no flights back to the United I have visited the country outside my ministerial roles, Kingdom. Secondly, there is no way for them to get to and I look forward to talking to our high commissioner the airport. What help is the Foreign Office giving UK within the week. I will raise these issues again and will nationals across the world who are stuck despite being update the hon. Lady, but we expect all Commonwealth advised to get home? members to uphold the best of standards. Nigel Adams: The hon. Gentleman is absolutely right T3. [901601] Anthony Mangnall (Totnes) (Con): I thank to raise the issue that his constituents face in the Philippines. my hon. Friend for the help that he gave my Travel advice is changing hourly—we have made over constituents over the weekend. A number of them are 100 changes in the past 24 hours. I would urge him to on cruise ships, including the Celebrity Eclipse and the wait for the Foreign Secretary’s statement on the issue, Silver Shadow, which are in quarantine off certain which will come after this session. 797 Oral Answers 17 MARCH 2020 Oral Answers 798

T7. [901606] Stephen Hammond (Wimbledon) (Con): I that the British nationals are moved urgently into hygienic thank my right hon. Friend and his Department for conditions, so we are working on that and I will have their very quick help with my constituent on Saturday, an answer from the ambassador. Rest assured, we are over an issue in the Philippines. My constituent, doing our best to improve the treatment for those Mr Clark, is due to go on holiday on Thursday and individuals. wants to follow the Government’s advice on non- essential travel and not to go. Unless the Government Richard Graham (Gloucester) (Con): Although the detail which destinations are covered by non-essential immediate focus of our interests in south-east Asia travel, there will be real ramifications, particularly on rightly has to be the safety of British citizens and how insurance. When are the Government going to clarify we can get them back home, which no doubt will that? emerge shortly in the statement, I know that the Secretary of State shares my huge enthusiasm for the potential in Dominic Raab: I thank my hon. Friend, who will have south-east Asia for greater trade, investment and, indeed, to wait only a short while to get an answer to that very much wider partnerships. Will he say today whether the question. idea of having an Association of Southeast Asian Nations David Linden (Glasgow East) (SNP): Last month saw investment forum, which would be as good and possibly the second anniversary of the capture of Leah Sharibu, even better than the Africa investment forum, is one a young Nigerian schoolgirl. Can the Government tell that he supports? us, and provide an update, what representations they are making to the Nigerian Government to secure Leah’s Dominic Raab: I thank my hon. Friend, who is playing release from captivity? to all my prejudices with his question. We are absolutely committed to ratification of CPTPP, the comprehensive James Duddridge: I thank the hon. Gentleman for and progressive agreement for trans-Pacific partnership. raising the case. I have reviewed a number of these cases We are also committed to joining ASEAN formally as historical cases. Unfortunately, kidnapping is all with dialogue partner status. In the context of that, he too common. Various Ministers have met families and raises an interesting idea. It is obviously difficult to host representatives, but I am more than happy to take up conferences at the moment, but that is certainly something that specific case, discuss it with him today and take it we should keep under review. forward in the normal way.

T8. [901608] Jerome Mayhew (Broadland) (Con): Gavin Newlands (Paisley and Renfrewshire North) Covid-19 is obviously no respecter of international (SNP): On Saturday morning, I was advising constituents, borders. Will the Minister set out what steps the FCO is on the basis of Foreign and Commonwealth Office taking to maximise cross-border co-operation with the advice, that they had until midnight to leave Poland. Republic of Ireland to manage covid-19 effectively on Later that day, Jet2 advised them that their flights for the island of Ireland? the following two days would be going ahead and leaving Poland. Will the Minister therefore tell me why Nigel Adams: My hon. Friend is right to raise this the advice was incomplete and what they are to do if issue. The UK and Ireland are in regular contact at the any travel insurance claim they make is now invalid? highest levels to discuss our respective responses to covid-19, and we will continue to work closely together. The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign On Saturday, at a meeting of the North South Ministerial and Commonwealth Affairs (Wendy Morton): I am more Council in Armagh, the First Minister, the Deputy than happy to speak to the hon. Gentleman after these First Minister and Northern Ireland’s Minister for Health questions. The travel advice remains in place, and I met the Taoiseach, the Irish Health Minister and the know that the Foreign Secretary will be updating the Irish chief medical officer to discuss the issue. The House more broadly. Secretary of State for Northern Ireland is also in regular contact with his counterpart. Obviously,health is devolved Mary Robinson (Cheadle) (Con): Two of my constituents in Northern Ireland, but my hon. Friend can rest assured are currently aboard the MS Marina, en route to that we are in regular contact with our Irish friends. Miami. The cruise liner was refused entry at the ports of Munira Wilson (Twickenham) (LD): I have four Lima and Panama yesterday, and will reach Miami by constituents stuck in Vietnam after discovering that tomorrow afternoon, but they are concerned that they they were on flights with somebody who had coronavirus. may be refused entry to the USA when they reach their Two of my constituents are young women who are destination. Both have underlying health problems and stuck in an overcrowded hostel, which is filthy and has are, understandably, worried. What discussions has the limited running water. They are fit and healthy, but they Department had with counterparts in the USA about might not be for much longer. What support are the the repatriation of some of our constituents who are in Government providing in terms of Government-sponsored this position? flights home? Will the Minister meet with me to discuss these cases and how we can help those women get home, Wendy Morton: My hon. Friend is another example please? of a Member who treats constituency casework with great seriousness and she is right to raise it here, alongside Nigel Adams: The hon. Lady is absolutely right to others. Foreign Office staff are working flat out, as are raise this issue. I know of the particular problem. I have my colleagues and I, to tackle this. We are aware of a spoken to other hon. Members about constituents who are number of cruise liners in the region, and I will ensure probably in the same accommodation. I spoke this that she has the right information. I am more than happy morning with the Vietnamese ambassador, with a request to talk to her after these questions. 799 17 MARCH 2020 Covid-19 800

Covid-19 In other cases, such as that of the British nationals affected by a covid-19 infection in a hotel in Tenerife, 12.31 pm we worked with travel companies and airlines to ensure that those concerned were safely brought home. We also The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth changed our travel advice to advise people over 70, or Affairs and First Secretary of State (Dominic Raab): As with underlying health conditions, against travelling on the Prime Minister has said, the coronavirus pandemic cruises, to protect those most at risk from coronavirus. “is the worst public health crisis for a generation”. Wehave arranged repatriation from cruise ships, including It is unsettling for families up and down the country, in most recently the 131 UK nationals who returned from all of our constituencies, so we need a united effort to the Grand Princess, which was docked in California. tackle covid-19 effectively and come through this challenge, They arrived home last Wednesday. as I am confident we can and will. Following on from, Also on the issue of cruises, we have been working and consistent with, the domestic measures announced intensively with the Cuban authorities and Fred. Olsen by the Prime Minister yesterday, and based on the fast- Cruise Lines to ensure that all British nationals are changinginternationalcircumstances,todayIamannouncing able to return quickly and safely to the UK. That is of changes to Foreign and Commonwealth Office travel course in relation to the Braemar cruise liner. We are advice. UK travellers abroad now face wide- spread doing all we can to ensure that they return to the UK on international border restrictions, and lockdowns in various flights from José Martí international airport in Havana countries. The FCO always considers the safety and within the next 48 hours. I spoke to the Cuban Foreign security of British nationals, so, with immediate effect, I Minister twice over the weekend, and we are very grateful have taken the decision to advise British nationals against to the Cuban Government for swiftly enabling this non-essential travel globally, for an initial period of operation and for their close co-operation to make sure 30 days, and, of course, subject to ongoing review. that it could be successful. I should emphasise that this decision has been taken As well as those repatriations, UK consular teams are based on the domestic measures introduced here in the working with those who are affected by difficult quarantine UK, alongside the changes to border and a range of conditions; by the closure of tourist resorts in, for other restrictions that are now being taken by countries example, Europe and North Africa; or, indeed, when right around the world. The speed and range of those new regulations are introduced in countries where UK measures across other countries is unprecedented, and nationals are visiting. We will do everything in our power some of those decisions are being made without notice. to get those British nationals affected the care, support In some cases, even in countries or particular areas and practical advice that they need. where there have not yet been any reported cases of covid-19, local authorities are none the less imposing Wealso need to be clear about our capacity to repatriate restrictions on movement, and, again, doing so with people from abroad, given the scale of the numbers. We little or sometimes no notice whatsoever. In the light of have taken action where necessary, but no one should those circumstances, we want to reduce the risk of be under any illusions: it is costly and complicated to leaving vulnerable British tourists and visitors stranded co-ordinate, so Government-supported repatriations have overseas. We will, of course, keep this advice under beenundertakenonlyinexceptionalcircumstances.Ultimately, review and amend it as soon as the situation responsibly the primary responsibility for managing outbreaks of allows. covid-19 and quarantine measures must rest with the country in which the outbreak has occurred. FCO teams The Government are, of course, keenly aware that around the world are working urgently to ensure that international freight services, such as shipping and haulage, Governments have sensible plans to enable the return of are vital for ensuring the continuity of the supply of British and other travellers, and, crucially,to keep borders essential food, goods and material to the UK. So we open for a sufficient period to enable returns to take regard that kind of travel as essential, and we will work place on commercial flights, wherever that is possible. with industry to issue detailed advice that maintains the flow of goods, while protecting the wellbeing of staff Following today’s change in travel advice, British working on those routes. The Department for Transport nationals who decide that they still need to travel abroad will be leading that work with the freight sector, with should do so fully aware of the increased risks of doing the objective of minimising disruption to those routes so. That obviously includes the risk that they may not as far as is possible. At the same time, FCO consular be able to get home if travel restrictions are subsequently teams are working around the clock to provide the best put in place that they had not anticipated. So, we urge and most up-to-date information that we can possibly anyone still considering travel to be realistic about the provide to UK nationals. By way of context, let me say level of disruption they are willing and able to endure, that in the past week alone we made more than 430 changes and to make decisions in the light of the unprecedented to FCO travel advice, and we will continue to keep it conditions that we face. under close and constant review. Today’s travel guidance follows the domestic measures We are providing support to British nationals who announced yesterday. It forms part of our national effort have been impacted by coronavirus while travelling. to meet the international challenge presented by coronavirus During the initial outbreak, or containment phase, we —a challenge that we will rise to as a Government and arranged the repatriation of more than 200 vulnerable as a country. I commend this statement to the House. British nationals from China between 31 January and 9 February. We took that particular action to support 12.38 pm British nationals and control the return of those possibly exposed to covid-19 at the earliest point in the crisis, Emily Thornberry (Islington South and Finsbury) when it appeared that the virus might be—might be— (Lab): I thank the Secretary of State for advance sight contained in China. of his statement. We hear what he says on freight, but 801 Covid-19 17 MARCH 2020 Covid-19 802

[Emily Thornberry] best practice and apply common standards on testing, tracking, travel restrictions, quarantines, self-isolation could he give us any guidance on what is “essential and social distancing, we have instead seen a global free- travel” when it comes to people? Does it include people for-all, with every country going it alone. Instead of the coming home? This is a time of immense concern for international community coming together to pool its tens of thousands of British nationals stranded abroad; experience and work together to develop a vaccine and they are not just dealing with the stress of trying to get a cure, we have again seen individual companies and accurate information and make their way home, but doing countries working in silos. We have also seen a shameful so facing the ever-present fear of infection. attempt by Donald Trump to buy the German company I was contacted yesterday by Tom, one of the 65 British that is in the lead when it comes to discovering a nationals in Cusco, Peru, which has announced a 15-day vaccine, not just to steal the glory of the vaccine for state of emergency, with its borders closed and the himself, but to hoard it for the Americans alone. The army enforcing a quarantine. Tom’s flight to Britain challenges posed by the coronavirus are fearful enough today has been cancelled and his calls to our embassy in for the world without our leaders compounding them Lima have not been answered. Why is that? Because the through their incompetence or their inaction. That is exactly embassy itself has decided to close down for 15 days, what we have seen when it comes to this Government’s just when its services were needed most. The Secretary approach to repatriation, but it is part of a pattern that of State said in his statement that our goes far beyond that one issue and far beyond our one “consular teams are working around the clock to provide the country. best…information available to UK nationals”; Will the Secretary of State undertake today that, as well, I am afraid that that simply is not the case in Tom’s well as fixing the immediate issues that we face with the experience. He says: coronavirus, not least around repatriations, Britain will “We have received no advice or assistance…we are all extremely lead the way in ensuring that these outbreaks will be concerned at being stranded here.” better managed in future? Across the world, there are tens of thousands of Dominic Raab: I thank the right hon. Lady for her British nationals in the same position as Thomas, and response, at least in relation to recognising the scale all have the same message for the British Government: of the challenge. She asked a number of questions, and “Help bring us home”. As far as they are concerned, I will give her as much of a substantive response as their travel is essential and it is no use telling them to I can. She asked what essential and non-essential travel rely on advice from the Governments in the countries means. Ultimately, the Foreign Office gives travel from which they are travelling when, inevitably, they advice, but the decision on whether to travel remains an will be the least of those countries’ concerns. Nor is it individual one. Travellers may have urgent or particularly any use telling them to rely on the instructions of their exceptional business—family, commercial or otherwise— travel operators, which, all too often in recent weeks, and circumstances may differ, but what we are doing is have been at odds with the official FCO travel advice strongly advising against global travel. That is, in part, a and are driven by the fear of insurance claims and reflection of the domestic measures that were announced bankruptcy, not by the needs of our citizens. yesterday around social distancing. We also want to The Government cannot keep passing the buck to limit the number of people, particularly vulnerable people, others, especially when it comes to repatriation. Yes, it is who find themselves in the plight of not being able difficult, and yes, it is expensive, but that is the nature of to get home because of some of the issues that she has the crisis that we face. In his response, can the Secretary raised. of State directly address Tom and his compatriots in The right hon. Lady mentioned the team in the Peru and all the other British nationals around the Philippines— world currently in the same position, and tell them what he is doing to help bring them home? Emily Thornberry: It was Peru. Will the Secretary of State reassure us today that the Foreign Office will learn the lessons from this fiasco by Dominic Raab: In Peru, yes. That team is working as asking itself some very basic questions? First, why were best it can under very difficult conditions. I am very there no clear protocols in place for evacuation and happy to take a look at the case to which she has repatriation in the event of an outbreak such as this? If referred. We have a whole range of practical advice for those protocols were in place, why were they not followed? hon. Members to give to their constituents. Our FCO Secondly, why has official travel advice from the FCO travel advice is available online. Hon. Members and been so slow to match what is happening on the ground? their constituents can sign up to receive email updates, This weekend, we had tour operators going door to so they get it in real time. My officials also run a specific door in French ski resorts, telling British families to hotline for hon. Members to contact. I have also shared leave immediately, while the Foreign Office website said details with hon. Members in a “Dear colleague” letter, that there were no restrictions on travel. Thirdly and which will go out shortly today. We are doing everything most basically, as Tom’s case in Peru illustrates, will the that we can to give hon. Members on both sides of the Foreign Secretary determine why the levels of consular House the practical information that they need in what support have been so out of step with the levels of global is a fast-moving and fluid situation. demand? The right hon. Lady asked what we were doing more When the dust settles on this crisis, as we all hope it generally in relation to helping people to get back eventually will, we will reflect on what has been a home. The first thing to say is to avoid travel if you chronic failure of global leadership and co-ordination might find yourself in a situation, either because of in which our own Government has sadly been a part. current or future measures, in which you are unable to Instead of every country working together to agree get back home. We are liaising with the tour operators 803 Covid-19 17 MARCH 2020 Covid-19 804 and the airlines to make sure that even when restrictions We support the statement as far as it goes, but I urge are in place there is a window of opportunity to get out the Foreign Secretary—perhaps this is a discussion that with commercial flights. We do not have precise numbers, he needs to have with the Chancellor, and I am conscious but given the volume of British nationals who are that there is a statement later about that—to go further. abroad—not necessarily permanently or living abroad, His statement did not deal with the point about insurance but travelling abroad—to expect that the Government at all. For Scots and Brits abroad who are stuck and can repatriate them all is unrealistic. What we do is want to get back, and are looking to find a way to do so, make sure that we are in a position to protect the most the biggest practical help that we can offer right now is vulnerable. to speak to insurance companies, because their insurance The right hon. Lady asked why our consular teams is uppermost in their mind. Colleagues will be aware of were stretched. She ought to have a look at the scale of the statement this morning from Sir Charles Bean of the international challenge that this country and everyone the Office for Budget Responsibility: are facing with covid-19. Teams across Government, “You need the state to be there as the insurer of last resort including consular teams in the Foreign Office, are against what is effectively an act of God. The state surely has a doing an exceptional job in very difficult circumstances. role. Big early action is surely better than half-hearted action that She is right to point to different measures that have is late.” been taken around the world. The UK approach is to We could not agree more. The Chancellor is making a follow the best scientific advice that we have, and to statement later, but insurance is the biggest priority for take measures, both domestically and internationally, in our nationals who are overseas and want to get back. I line with trying to reduce the peak of coronavirus in the urge the Secretary of State to have a full discussion with UK and the number of infections, and making sure that the Chancellor on that point. The state needs to step in we maximise the capacity of the NHS to deal with that. to get our people home. Finally, the right hon. Lady did her usual routine of sniping at the US President. That is no substitute for a Dominic Raab: I particularly welcome the bipartisan serious question on the substance, let alone a serious tone that the hon. Gentleman has taken. I thank him policy answer. for welcoming the statement and particularly for recognising and paying tribute to the consular staff and wider FCO Sir Peter Bottomley (Worthing West) (Con): As the teams who, in very difficult circumstances—not least honorary president of the British International Freight given the advice that we in Government have given—are Association, I thank the Foreign Secretary for his doing a tremendous job. words about the freight forwarders and their job in The hon. Gentleman asked about insurance companies. keeping goods moving in and out of the country. May I Obviously, they take their lead, at least to some degree, raise two issues with him briefly? First, will he encourage from the travel advice changes. One of the important the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and tour operators things for the FCO to do is to give clear and decisive and airlines to have easily accessibly websites so that travel advice. That is one of the benefits of the statement tourists who may be stuck in the Dominican Republic that we have made today. and elsewhere can get information on what is likely to I certainly take on board the hon. Gentleman’scomments happen to them? Finally, there are some countries about working with the Secretary of State for Transport where people have to apply for a business visa to go to a and the Chancellor to make sure that we provide support business meeting—it costs up to £600 for India—so if to the airline sector, which is not only important for they suddenly decide they are not issuing visas, will he jobs—we also need it to help get UK nationals home. encourage high commissioners and Governments to For the reasons I gave in my statement, we want to allow make it possible to transfer that to a future arrangement, them to do that through normal commercial means. rather than just take the money and forget about it? Tom Tugendhat (Tonbridge and Malling) (Con): This Dominic Raab: I thank my hon. Friend, who makes a crisis is causing us to tear apart many aspects of the number of important points. We are liaising with tour global system that we have grown used to in the past operators, insurance companies and, of course, airlines, 20 or 30 years. The threat that it could pose to future and we will convey the message that he proposed about scientific co-operation and future defence against not making sure that their advice is as transparent as possible. only pandemics such as this, but the poverty that has That needs to be done in real time, and I shall certainly blighted so much of the world over recent generations, consider further the flexibility that he suggested in is enormous. relation to visas. Will the Foreign Secretary assure me that, as he is planning with his Foreign Office partners and staff to Alyn Smith (Stirling) (SNP): Now is a time in which rescue and save so many people around the world, he is we should be seen to work together and, indeed, work also looking to co-operate with others to make sure that together. I thank the Secretary of State for advance the international community works together to build a sight of the statement. Now is the time for us to eschew proper future, based on a shared and prosperous globe? party political point scoring. We on these Benches support the changes, and we Dominic Raab: I thank my hon. Friend the Chair of support the statement. I should also like to record our the Foreign Affairs Committee. He is absolutely right appreciation of and solidarity with the hard-working about the consular measures that we are taking to FCO staff worldwide, who are doing a very tough job in support UK nationals who feel vulnerable or stranded very tough times. They themselves have families and, overseas. I also agree with him about the need for an indeed, some of them have respiratory conditions. Wegive international approach to pandemics such as this; we them our support. have not seen anything like this before. That is why we 805 Covid-19 17 MARCH 2020 Covid-19 806

[Dominic Raab] Mr Speaker: To help the House, I should say that I am expecting to run this until around 2 o’clock. are providing support to build up the capacity in some of the most vulnerable countries. We are doing that Mr Alistair Carmichael (Orkney and Shetland) (LD): with a total envelope of up to £241 million of aid The Foreign Secretary is absolutely right: repatriation is funding and we are working through the World Health a complex and costly business. But that is surely exactly Organisation, the Red Cross, UNICEF and other why it should not just be left to individuals and why organisations. there must be a leading role for Government. More generally, the Prime Minister spoke to his Like many MPs, I have had representations this morning counterparts in the G7 yesterday. They agreed on the from constituents. Some of mine are on holiday in importance of a stronger co-ordinated international Morocco and now find themselves stranded. The approach, and that will include everything from economic ambassador’s Twitter account is telling them just to go measures to research and development to make sure to the airport with their passports and tickets and see that there is the collaboration that will prevent further what they can fix up when they get there. We realise that pandemics from happening. the consular services are under stress, but surely at this moment they have to have every possible resource to Chris Bryant (Rhondda) (Lab): Our consular staff provide the best possible information for our constituents. are doing an amazing job and many of them around the world are volunteers—they are not paid for their work. I hope that the Foreign Secretary will pass on our Dominic Raab: I totally agree with the right hon. gratitude on behalf of all our constituents. Gentleman. We are providing the very best support, care and advice. When it comes to repatriations, at the May I tease out the issue of people returning home? outset we secured 200, I think, who came back from As I understand the Foreign Secretary’s advice, it is that China. We are also working to secure the return of people if somebody is thinking about travelling abroad now, on the Braemar cruise ship via Havana; it has been the they should bear in mind that they may not be able to most intense diplomacy I have had with my Cuban get back. But at the same time he is saying that people opposite number—and hugely welcome,because the Cuban should not necessarily come back now. That seems to be Government have been very co-operative. We will do inconsistent. everything we can. Dominic Raab: I thank the hon. Gentleman for what The situation is very fluid. The decisions being made he said about consular staff; we will pass that on. on the ground in countries such as the one that the right It does matter that we have cross-party support for the hon. Gentleman mentioned often happen rapidly. The essential work that all our public services are doing. challenge for airlines, the FCO and the consular advice and support that we provide is to make sure that we can The hon. Gentleman asked about travel advice. respond—not just as quickly as possible, but as effectively Obviously, we are advising against all but essential travel as possible. globally. It is up to individuals to make the individual judgment calls, which will depend on their personal circumstances and on the availability of commercial Alicia Kearns (Rutland and Melton) (Con): We talk flights. In the last resort, we have been able to provide about the different approach being taken by different repatriation flights, but that is getting more difficult. We countries, but the UK has to focus on what is right for will continue to provide support and advice, but ultimately our country at the right time. Uniquely, we are using some of those judgment calls will remain a decision for behavioural science; many are not doing so. We need the the individual. right response for our culture and the way our people behave—not one transported from another country. Bob Seely (Isle of Wight) (Con): I would like to follow up what the Secretary of State was saying about ferries Dominic Raab: My hon. Friend makes a really important and the Department for Transport in relation to the point. I take the point, raised in the Chamber, that we UK. I have two questions. Will the Government please need to try to get better and more effective international relax competition law today to allow discussion between co-ordination. That is what the Prime Minister was the three cross-Solent ferry operators to build a resilience pressing for when he spoke to his opposite numbers in plan? They will be in breach of the law if they do not, the G7 by phone and what I have been pressing for at and lives could depend on this if our ferry services fall the Foreign Office. At the same time, in the last analysis over. we will take the right measures. Every country is a bit Secondly, will the Government support today the different depending on where it is on the curve. Crucially, Maritime and Coastguard Agency to allow people to sit we will take the right and most effective decisions at the in cars during ferry journeys in the UK, to protect right time. That is why we have changed our travel at-risk groups and for social distancing purposes? advice today and why the Prime Minister announced new measures yesterday. Dominic Raab: As ever,my hon. Friend raises important and excellent practical points. They are mainly for the Hilary Benn (Leeds Central) (Lab): The Foreign Secretary Secretary of State for Transport, but I reassure him that rightly said that the Government do not want British the Secretary of State is talking to the ferry operators as nationals to be stranded overseas, but has referred to well as the airliners and working together to make sure the practical difficulties of getting them all home. What that we get not just the clearest but the most practical are the exceptional circumstances in which the Government advice, so that our constituents and people travelling to would be prepared to act to bring British nationals or from the UK can make the decisions that they need home? That will help inform decisions that individuals to make. make about any travel plans they have. 807 Covid-19 17 MARCH 2020 Covid-19 808

Dominic Raab: Constituents reading the FCO travel open for commercial airlines to operate, because that is advice ought to take it on its own terms, not on the basis the surest means of getting people back from difficult of any potential, last-resort contingency measures that or vulnerable positions. That is the only way we are may be taken down the line. Obviously, we are very going to be able to achieve it, so we need to keep those mindful of the vulnerability of all our constituents, commercial lines operating. such as those on the Braemar cruise ship, which has struggled to find a place to dock so that we can repatriate Mrs Heather Wheeler (South Derbyshire) (Con): My the substantial number of UK nationals back to the UK. right hon. Friend and all the team are working so hard, The decision will have to be taken on an individual as are our consular services, but unfortunately we are basis by all our constituents and people up and down hearing about certain embassies being shut. The embassy the country. What we do is provide the clearest guidance. in Kiev is shut and it is £1.80 a minute to phone the Unless there is a very good reason—an essential reason—to FCO hotline and there is a 58-minute delay. Is there travel, we are saying, “Don’t take the risk now, because anything else that my hon. Friends can do to help my you are at a heightened risk of being stranded in the constituent who is stuck in Kiev? future.” Dominic Raab: I pay tribute to my hon. Friend for her work at the FCO, where she was a doughty Foreign Dr Andrew Murrison (South West Wiltshire) (Con): Minister. There is a whole range of practical details about The Iranian Foreign Minister has been issuing plaintive how we can support our constituents who find themselves appeals on social media for medical supplies to assist in in difficult positions. I can certainly ask the Minister his sanctions-hit country. Setting aside Javad Zarif’s covering the wider European neighbourhood to see what accompanying rant against America, what does my further can be done in her case. There is travel advice right hon. Friend think can be done to assist the people online and a specific hotline for parliamentarians. I do of Iran at this difficult time, particularly around sanctions, not know whether she has had a chance to access that the joint comprehensive plan of action and the International yet. If any further support can be given, I am very happy Military Services debt? to ensure that I and the ministerial team provide it.

Dominic Raab: I pay tribute to my right hon. Friend Carolyn Harris (Swansea East) (Lab): I add my thanks for his excellent tenure as Minister. I thoroughly enjoyed to the FCO staff, who are working under really difficult working with him and of course he is an expert in this circumstances. Can the Foreign Secretary advise my field. Let us be very clear about it: ultimate responsibility constituents, Tony and Jill Low, who are currently stuck for the predicament that Iran faces lies with the Government in Cyprus? Their flights are cancelled and their hotel in Iran and the decisions and choices they have made. room needs vacating. Their insurance is about to expire We have supported Iran in relation to coronavirus with and the insurance company is only offering to pay aid funding because we recognise that this is an exceptional retrospective costs when they return to the UK. time and an exceptional period, but, fundamentally, beyond the humanitarian assistance and other aid funding Dominic Raab: We will look at all of these cases and, that we would provide in those circumstances, the decisions in particular,where there is a groundswell of UK nationals that Iran takes will be the ones that will get it out of the and constituents being stranded. As I have already hole or cul-de-sac that it is in. In particular, right now, informed the House, we are trying to make sure that the as I made clear to the Foreign Minister on the phone reasons why those flights are not running in and out can yesterday, we expect UK dual nationals in detention in be addressed. Domestic measures have been announced, Iran to be released as soon as possible, not least given and the EU announced measures yesterday that exempt the heightened risk from covid-19 in those prisons. the United Kingdom, so that is welcome. Wewill continue to work with those local authorities, but also with the Janet Daby (Lewisham East) (Lab): I thank the Foreign airlines to make sure that there are as many flights Secretary for updating the House on coronavirus and as possible to relieve constituents such as those of the people overseas. I have constituents in Morocco as well hon. Lady. and one family are with a four-month-old baby. Are there any plans to bring people back from Morocco? Richard Drax (South Dorset) (Con): May I congratulate Would such exceptional circumstances contribute to my right hon. Friend on the calm way he is dealing with any of the decisions that the Government will make? a historic situation? May I raise a point about insurance that was also raised by those on the SNP Benches? Headteachers across the land have organised trips along Dominic Raab: Anyone in those circumstances will with parents, who put in a lot of money. A school in my feel anxious and distressed. We will certainly see if we constituency has spent £140,000 getting children out can provide as much support as possible, consular and skiing. The insurance companies are referring them to otherwise, to the hon. Lady’s constituents. If she would the travel companies, and the travel companies are like to contact me afterwards, or any of the ministerial saying that there is no chance of getting the money team, we will take up that case directly. More generally, back unless the FCO specifically restricts travel to that it will always depend on the restrictions being imposed, location. Could my right hon. Friend clarify to all partly by the Governments themselves, including in schools across the land, not just those in my constituency, Morocco, and on the availability of commercial airlines what the situation is and what chance they have of getting coming out. their money back? What we want to do and what I have been working with the Transport Secretary to achieve is to give clear Dominic Raab: I thank my hon. Friend for the way in advice to our constituents as consumers of travel services, which he has raised his question. The insurance industry but also to make sure that we are leaving the window makes its decisions in a commercial way, and obviously 809 Covid-19 17 MARCH 2020 Covid-19 810

[Dominic Raab] Dominic Raab: The right hon. Gentleman is absolutely right. Another Member has raised the issue of Morocco. we and the Transport Secretary are liaising very closely The Africa Minister will look at those cases and I am with it, but certainly the call has been made to the Foreign sure will be happy, able and willing to look at the case Office to give as clear advice as possible. So we are that the right hon. Gentleman raises. He makes a good advising, not least with the Easter holidays coming up, point about communication. We are constantly looking against all but essential travel globally. We are not going to ensure, through the helpline and the online advice, to make decisions for individual people, families or that people can get advice in real time. Constituents and schools, but it seems to me that those are the kinds of Members can sign up to receive email updates so that trips that would now have to be looked at, and we they get them all. They can also follow on Twitter and would expect the insurance and the airline industries Facebook. There is an inherent challenge, which is the to follow, based on that very clear advice that we have pace at which some of these changes are being made, now given. but we are doing everything we can to ensure that we give updated FCO advice in real time. Dr Philippa Whitford (Central Ayrshire) (SNP): The Foreign Secretary mentioned that the Government have Andrew Bowie (West Aberdeenshire and Kincardine) been consulting with the G7, but they have not been (Con): I thank my right hon. Friend for his statement. consulting with European Governments through the Have there been any discussions with the oil and gas European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. sector or individual oil and gas companies, given the May I ask: apart from ideological reasons, why not? It is huge number of British nationals and their families—many very concerned that the focus here has been on behavioural of whom come from north-east Scotland—working science and not on epidemiology. and living overseas?

Dominic Raab: The hon. Lady asks a perfectly reasonable Dominic Raab: My hon. Friend rightly raises the issue question. May I reassure her that we are taking the best of employees in that sector. We are engaging closely scientific advice that we have got in the UK? The with the big employers around the world. Those individuals circumstances in different countries will change. Part of are in—I say this carefully—in a relatively more comfortable that is about the timing and the peak within which position than others who are travelling for a short coronavirus hits an individual country. She talked about period or temporarily, so the priority has been the most co-operation with EU partners. I am consistently on the vulnerable or those who might find themselves at risk of phone talking to all our European partners about all being stranded. That is why we have given this advice these issues, whether that is the multilateral drive to today, but my hon. Friend is right, and we are engaging tackle coronavirus with support for vulnerable countries, with substantial employers overseas to see how we can research and development, or the particular logistical work together to provide the best support for our issues with getting constituents home. The diplomacy constituents. with our European friends has never been more intense. Caroline Nokes (Romsey and Southampton North) Stephen Doughty (Cardiff South and Penarth) (Lab/ (Con): My constituent Jamie Harris is stranded on Co-op): I pay tribute to FCO staff, including the one MS Ocean Endeavour off the coast of Argentina. She is who took my call at midnight last night to deal with my travelling independently, so has no recourse to a tour constituent’s son, who is trapped in Guatemala City, operator and flights from Argentina to Europe have where the British embassy appears to be closed and no been stopped. Will my right hon. Friend consider working commercial flights are operating. I urge the Foreign with flight companies such as British Airways—there Secretary to change one thing that came out of that are many others—to look at ways that we can bring call. The FCO does not appear to be taking details of constituents home when there simply is no other alternative British citizens who are trapped abroad, including whether for them? they have any special needs, medical needs or conditions. Without that information, we will not be able to triage Dominic Raab: My right hon. Friend makes a good for emergency repatriation flights, emergency assistance point. For those in South America more generally, there and so on. Will he ensure that the FCO starts taking has been a range of concerns in different countries. that information, to build up a database, so that we know Fundamentally,we want to encourage, as I have explained, exactly how many British citizens are trapped and where, commercial operators to keep running because that is and what their conditions are? the way of easily repatriating people at scale. But of course we will look and liaise with the airline operators—the Dominic Raab: I thank the hon. Gentleman for his Transport Secretary is already doing that—to make warm words about the FCO’s efforts and the practical sure that, where there are gaps, we can always provide as advice he has given us; we will certainly take that back. much support as possible for vulnerable or stranded One point I will mention is that we are not talking constituents. about tens of thousands—we are talking about hundreds of thousands abroad. We need to work up as granular a Mr David Lammy (Tottenham) (Lab): My constituent picture of the vulnerabilities as possible, but we also—this Sarah Goodman is stuck in Morocco. She travelled with is a contributing factor to the change in the travel friends just on Saturday and is now subject to a ban. I advice—need to give a clear message, given the scale of have also heard from students on years abroad who are the challenge and the unprecedented nature of covid-19, stranded. Can the Secretary of State work on his website that people need to be realistic about what we can do. to update British nationals who find themselves stranded abroad? Can there be a global strategy because there Jeremy Hunt (South West Surrey) (Con): Following must be people from abroad stuck in our own country the Foreign Secretary’s comments about Iran, does he who would like to return home? know whether Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe is among the 811 Covid-19 17 MARCH 2020 Covid-19 812 political prisoners whom Iran has released today? Does Dominic Raab: If anything, this shows—not least in not the ability of a highly dangerous disease to spread our collaboration with the Cuban Government which, through a prison highlight the immorality of detaining at the level of intensity it has shown in recent days, does people who are wholly innocent? not happen very often with our close European partners— the case for intensive diplomacy to get this deal done, Dominic Raab: My right hon. Friend did an incredible move on and take the relationship to the next step. job as Foreign Secretary, in particular in pressing for the release of not just Nazanin, but all our dual nationals Karen Bradley (Staffordshire Moorlands) (Con): I suffering in Tehran. I spoke to the Iranian Foreign thank my right hon. Friend for his statement. Can he Minister yesterday. I have made it clear, not least as Iran give reassurances to my constituent, Tracy Wood, who considers releasing prisoners on a pretty large scale, contacted me last night regarding her son? He is a that there is no excuse for not releasing all the UK dual Manchester University placement student, currently in nationals on furlough. We are waiting for confirmation Panama. There are no flights in and out of Panama. He regarding individual cases, and I want to be careful and is running out of money, and the embassy has advised to wait until I have confirmation, but I assure my right him to travel via another country. He simply does not hon. Friend that this is a high priority for the Government. know where to go, because he does not know which border As I said, I raised it with Foreign Minister Zarif yesterday. will close next. Could the Foreign Secretary provide Mrs Wood with reassurance? Ms Angela Eagle (Wallasey) (Lab): I compliment the Foreign Secretary on making it clear that essential Dominic Raab: It is very difficult in those circumstances, travel includes the freight services that will keep our particularly travelling to less accessible places. We will supermarkets stocked with food. While I recognise that work closely with all the airliners and our network of the Department for Transport will be dealing with this, embassies to provide support and advice as soon as can he reassure those who undertake long-haul freight possible. I am happy to look at that specific case, and if travel through Europe to get our food supplies to us my right hon. Friend gives me the details, we will take that they will not be stranded? that forward with the ministerial team. Wayne David (Caerphilly) (Lab): Three of my Dominic Raab: I thank the hon. Lady for the way in constituents from Bargoed are stranded in Krakow, and which she asked her question and for complimenting because Poland has closed its international borders, the FCO consular advice. She is right—I talked about they do not know how long they will be in that country. this with the Transport Secretary and the Prime Minister Will the Secretary of State put together a comprehensive this morning—about the importance of not only keeping database of all British citizens who are affected in that freight flowing, but ensuring that we safeguard the way and ensure that basic communication is sent to all workers who are doing that. I want to give some reassurance those individuals in the not-too-distant future? in relation to the recommendations announced by the President of the European Commission yesterday, which Dominic Raab: We already have a means of doing will be considered by the European Council today, in that: people can sign up for real-time updates, and hon. relation to the 30-day travel ban for all but essential Members can do that. I appreciate the difficult situation travel: medical staff and transporters of goods would in Poland. As I have said, we are working with all our be exempt, as well as UK nationals. European colleagues to ensure that UK nationals or other nationals who are here can get home when they Kevin Hollinrake (Thirsk and Malton) (Con): My need to. constituent, Kate Jackson, is currently aboard the Silversea cruise liner that has been refused entry to a number of Jason McCartney (Colne Valley) (Con): I praise the ports. It is now headed to Darwin, Australia, where it is Foreign Secretary for his statesmanlike approach, and I expected to be able to dock, but there are no available thank the SNP spokesman, the hon. Member for Stirling flights back to the UK. Will my right hon. Friend do all (Alyn Smith), for his constructive approach. It is good that he can to repatriate Kate Jackson and her fellow to see Opposition politicians rising to the occasion, just British citizens? as our constituents want us to during this crisis. I have constituents stranded in Morocco and Vietnam. Dominic Raab: I am aware of that case and we are Can we ensure that helplines in consulates and embassies working actively on it. As with all the cruise ships, the are manned 24 hours a day to help our constituents? challenge has been to find a place for them to dock and I also have constituents who are in a motorhome in then, not least given the international component of Portugal and looking to get home. Can we ensure that these cruise ships, to get international commercial flights provisions are made for crossing borders for those wanting home. We are very much focused on it, and I hope to be to come home? able to say more about that particular cruise ship shortly. Dominic Raab: I agree with my hon. Friend about the Mr Ben Bradshaw (Exeter) (Lab): The last thing that importance of having, within the confines of a democratic our country and economy need on top of coronavirus is institution such as this, a constructive approach, because the further shock of a hard or no-deal Brexit at the end that will make the process more effective. We will look of this year. Will the Foreign Secretary and his EU carefully at all the issues that he raised. He mentioned colleagues urgently agree an extension to the current Vietnam as one of the difficult areas. As Ministers have Brexit transition period so that the Government and made clear, we are aware of a number of British nationals business can focus 100% on the emergency in front in quarantine—some in hotels; some in other quarantine of us? facilities. We are in close contact with the Vietnamese 813 Covid-19 17 MARCH 2020 Covid-19 814

[Dominic Raab] Mark Pritchard (The Wrekin) (Con): I agree with the Foreign Secretary that we cannot repatriate everybody; authorities. We are providing assistance to all those it is just physically impossible. Following on from the affected, and we hope to see them moved to improved very good question asked by the right hon. Member and better facilities as soon as possible. That is just one for Leeds Central (Hilary Benn) about exceptional illustration, in pretty challenging conditions, of where circumstances, may I ask about those who are most we are working hard to ensure that his constituents and vulnerable? Given that we have been told by our own many others get the care, advice and support they need. Prime Minister that we are at war with an invisible enemy—the covid-19 virus—what discussions has the Kirsten Oswald (East Renfrewshire) (SNP): After listening Foreign Secretary had with the Ministry of Defence to contributions from Members on both sides of the about deploying the Royal Air Force and the Royal House, it is very clear that citizens are stuck in many Navy, and even about using bases around the world as and varied countries far across the world. What plans staging posts if need be, when the international airlines does the Secretary of State have to work with European further restrict flights,to repatriate the most vulnerable—not partners specifically to bring people in far-flung places everybody, but the most vulnerable? back as part of a partnership approach? Dominic Raab: Obviously I have engaged very closely Dominic Raab: The hon. Member makes an excellent with the Defence Secretary on this, but something like point; we do need to work in partnership. We did that in that would be a last resort. We do not rule anything out relation to the flights from Wuhan at the outset of the at this stage, but our focus—I think this is the point that crisis, if I can put it that way, and we have done it in the hon. Member for Bermondsey and Old Southwark relation to the Braemar cruise ship. In fact, my instinctive (Neil Coyle) and others have made—has been on making reflex, and the instinctive reaction of this Government, sure that we are working very closely with not just the wherever UK nationals are stranded and we have more international airlines, but other countries.This is happening airline capacity to get them home, is to make sure that with some of the cruise shops we are dealing with from the nationals of our European and Five Eyes partners which we have not yet repatriated, because we can work can get on them as well. We have good collaborative together as an international team to try to get UK arrangements—it has been a two-way relationship—and nationals back. That partnership will definitely involve all that will continue. Governments around the world, and also airlines around the world. Peter Aldous (Waveney) (Con): I am most grateful to the Foreign Secretary for his very comprehensive and Emma Hardy (Kingston upon Hull West and Hessle) thorough statement. I appreciate that this might be an (Lab): One of my female constituents is currently stuck issue for other Departments, but will he clarify the position in Istanbul. All flights from the UK to Turkey have regarding private planes—whether commercial or leisure— been cancelled till mid-April. The airline, Pegasus, is flying in to local airfields? not being helpful, and she has been told that she has only a 25% chance of getting home. The Secretary of State’s hotline has advised that she keeps in touch with Dominic Raab: I think that that is probably one for the airline but, as I have said, it is not being helpful—nor the Department for Transport. I was not clear whether has the consular support in Istanbul—and she does not my hon. Friend was asking about the use of private have any insurance. What support can the Government planes for repatriation, or about whether the restrictions give her? are being extended to them. In any event, I probably ought to pass that on to the experts—the Department Dominic Raab: I thank the hon. Lady. It is very for Transport. distressing, and as MPs we obviously want to do everything we can. I am very happy to look at that case, and I will Neil Coyle (Bermondsey and Old Southwark) (Lab): ask the Minister for Europe to take a close look. We The Foreign Secretary is stating quite openly that the will, of course, continue to liaise with the Turkish Government will not bring everyone home, so how is he authorities and with as many as possible of the airlines working with operators such as TUI to ensure that they that go to Istanbul, or indeed to Ankara, to try to make act responsibly and do not leave people stranded abroad sure that people do not find themselves in that vulnerable without communications, like my constituent Michelle position. Choi in Morocco? Theresa Villiers (Chipping Barnet) (Con): A constituent Dominic Raab: It is not so much that we will not; it is of mine has been in touch about his grandparents, Alan just a pure question of capacity, given the potential and Beatrice. Beatrice is 86 and Alan is 89, and they are range of hundreds of thousands of UK nationals travelling trapped on board the Silver Shadow cruise ship, which temporarily abroad. We will liaise very closely with the is quarantined off Recife in Brazil. May I appeal to the country—I think the hon. Gentleman was raising the Foreign Secretary for his help to get Alan and Beatrice issue of Morocco—and look carefully at what more can home? be done. The Africa Minister is nodding earnestly, and I know we will take that up. We are also, of course—the Dominic Raab: We have been following the course of hon. Gentleman is absolutely right to nail this point—trying the Silver Shadow very carefully. I can tell my right hon. to work with airlines to make sure, as these travel Friend that there are 300 passengers on board, of whom restrictions come into place, that there is a window in about 120 are British nationals—that goes to my earlier which the commercial airlines can come in and get as point about the need for an international team effort. many as possible of the people who want to come out Royal Caribbean, the parent company of the ship, has and back to the UK. indicated that it will offer at least three charter flights to 815 Covid-19 17 MARCH 2020 Covid-19 816 get passengers home—one to the UK, one to the US the specific case. I will always be willing to raise it, and and one to Canada, and possibly also one to Australia. to try to secure the release of all our nationals and dual That gives my right hon. Friend a sense of not just the nationals in such terrible conditions across the world. challenge we face, but how we are straining every sinew to deal with constituents such as her own. Laura Trott (Sevenoaks) (Con): I have two separate cases of constituents stranded in Peru, one of whom is a Layla Moran (Oxford West and Abingdon) (LD): I young woman travelling on her own. I understand the would like to add my voice to those thanking FCO stress that our consular service is under at the moment, workers, who I am sure are working around the clock. I but those people cannot get through to the embassy, am sure that they are wanting to get home, but they are nor to the emergency hotline. Will my right hon. Friend staying to help others. I have been listening very carefully look at their cases urgently and do all that he can to get to what the Secretary of State has been saying about them home? repatriation, and I understand his arguments about the airlines, but we have to accept that the reason why the Dominic Raab: I thank my hon. Friend, and of course airlines are not running flights is that they cannot afford we will look at those cases. In areas where we do not to, and they are worried about coming out of this at the have a large or substantial consular presence, we are other end. Would he consider providing a subsidy for obviously going to have to innovate and still provide the airlines to enable them to run these flights, particularly practical advice and consular support as best we can. I from areas where flights have been cancelled or shut know that the relevant Minister will be very happy to down completely? meet her and take forward those cases, and I am very happy to raise them with my interlocutors. Dominic Raab: The hon. Lady raises a really important point. On the one hand, we do want commercial airlines to fly, but they are clearly under severe financial pressure, Patrick Grady (Glasgow North) (SNP): What discussions given the domestic restrictions being placed on them, is the Foreign Secretary having with the Home Secretary and indeed other Governments, including our own, about foreign nationals in this country who find themselves changing their travel advice. Wewill work with the airlines in a similar situation? I have a constituent who is to see what support we can provide, and our priority self-isolating in line with the guidance, yet she is being continues to be to make sure that commercial flights told that her visa will be over-stayed and that she needs can access as many areas as possible to get people back to leave the country. What thought are the Government in the kind of scale and volume that is necessary to address giving to these kinds of situations, especially if, when the challenge we face. such people get to the end of their quarantine, there are no flights home? Craig Whittaker (Calder Valley) (Con): It is good to know that we now have clarity on global travel over the Dominic Raab: Of course, we have foreign nationals next 30 days. To put constituents’ minds at rest, can my here who are in very similar positions to the ones that right hon. Friend confirm that travel agents and airlines UK nationals themselves are in around the world. We should be issuing refunds to those cancelling travel will of course look at those cases as sympathetically arrangements over the next 30 days, not particularly the and constructively as possible. We know what it is like, insurance companies? from all the cases that we have coming through to the FCO and through to our consular services. I have Dominic Raab: I will not give legal advice or commercial already raised this issue with the Home Office and the advice to either the operators or the insurers, but I can Home Secretary, but we will reaffirm it based on what tell my hon. Friend that the Transport Secretary has the hon. Gentleman said today. engaged very closely with all the different sectors to make sure that we protect the consumers—passengers— Stephen Hammond (Wimbledon) (Con): The Foreign who find themselves at risk. Indeed, the Transport Secretary spoke earlier about hundreds of thousands of Secretary is nodding earnestly on that very point. UK nationals abroad, many of whom are travelling home, which might be taking longer than they expected. Kevin Brennan (Cardiff West) (Lab): Quite rightly, Can the Foreign Office be clear about any reciprocal hon. Members have mentioned the case of Nazanin medical arrangements in place in those areas? Many of Zaghari-Ratcliffe in Iran, but may I ask the Foreign those cases are UK citizens living in EU states, with Office not to lose sight of people such as Luke Symons, which we were formerly partnered. Given that this my constituent, who is held captive by the Houthis in morning the Chief Medical Officer said that this situation Yemen at this time? Can any pressure be brought through might last for 18 months, will the Foreign Secretary ask the channel of discussions with the Iranian authorities? former EU partners to consider an elongation of our I welcome the new Middle East Minister to his post, current reciprocal arrangements? and I hope that he will get into the detail of this case, as his predecessor did. Dominic Raab: I thank my hon. Friend for the dual way in which he asked an excellent question, and also Dominic Raab: The hon. Gentleman is absolutely managed subtly to leverage in the whole question of right. Just to be clear, when we speak to any of our Brexit phase 2 negotiations. He will know that reciprocal Iranian interlocutors, we raise every case of dual arrangements are in place until the end of the transition nationals—or,indeed, the British Council employee—who period, and any continuation beyond that is for the have been detained. Of course, that applies consistently negotiators to consider. We will always ensure that we across the board, and I know the Middle East Minister provide as much support as possible for UK nationals will be very happy to meet the hon. Gentleman to discuss on the continent, as well as for EU nationals here. 817 Covid-19 17 MARCH 2020 Covid-19 818

Nick Thomas-Symonds (Torfaen) (Lab): Many Dominic Raab: We take very seriously the security and constituents have contacted me about the differing protection of all UK personnel in the Foreign Office, approaches in other countries, not least to the issue of the Ministry of Defence, and the Department for testing. I appreciate that different countries are at different International Development, both in the UK and across stages of the outbreak, but can the Foreign Secretary the network. We will do everything we can to ensure reassure me that expertise and experience from all round that they are able do the heroic job that they are doing the world will be fed into our approach on a daily basis? right now in safe and secure conditions.

Dominic Raab: The hon. Gentleman is right to note Gavin Newlands (Paisley and Renfrewshire North) that different countries are acting in different ways, and (SNP): This measure is entirely commensurate with as he says, some of that is because they are at different the situation we face, and I support it. However, as the stages of the peak and trough of dealing with coronavirus. Member of Parliament for Glasgow airport, and the Based on my attendance at Cobra meetings, I reassure thousands of jobs that it supports, may I ask what him that not only are we following the best UK scientific assessment the Government have made of the impact of evidence available, but that that in itself taps into the widest covid-19 measures on the industry, by which I mean possible research base, and the widest range of experts, airlines, airports, baggage handlers and so on—the list regarding how to effectively stop the spread of the disease. could go on? What will the Government do to support that industry? Ben Everitt (Milton Keynes North) (Con): Members of the House, and journalists outside it, are perfectly at liberty to ask what lessons we have learned from our Dominic Raab: The Government are very conscious European partners, but it is worth reminding the House of the challenge facing the airline industry and its that the Chief Medical Officer who is leading the response related sectors, and the Foreign Office must ensure that to this crisis is a professor of epidemiology. He is literally it takes what I think the hon. Gentleman described as a the right man in the right job at the right time. The commensurate policy approach, given the knock-on Foreign Secretary updated the House on his conversations effects that that will have. As well as speaking with the with our European partners, but will he also update it Prime Minister, I talk regularly, as I did this morning, on his conversations with other international partners with the Secretary of State for Transport, and he liaises such as the US, and other global institutions? directly with airports and airlines. We are ensuring that we take the most proportionate approach possible. Dominic Raab: My hon. Friend is right to pay tribute Ultimately, we must ensure that we protect UK nationals to Professor Whitty, and along with Sir Patrick Vallance based abroad, but also that we protect the industry that we have some of the finest expert evidence in the world will help them get home. coming to us. On the broader point, yes, we are talking to our European partners, and UK nationals are in Rob Butler (Aylesbury) (Con): I echo the compliments European countries—particularly Spain and France, but from across the House for UK consular staff overseas. I also other countries—in large numbers. I reassure my recognise that they have limited resources, but will my hon. Friend that I am talking to my opposite numbers right hon. Friend consider whether there is any scope around the world, from central America to Asia-Pacific for them to offer at least a basic service at weekends? and North America, both Canada and the United States, and we will continue to do that. Dominic Raab: I reassure my hon. Friend that Foreign Office staff are working round the clock and around Andy Slaughter (Hammersmith) (Lab): Those of us weekends, but in some of those countries there is an who represent large numbers of EU citizens are hearing issue about their own personal safety. We are giving concerning accounts of what is happening in their advice here. It is important that Ministers and officials home countries. There are towns in northern Italy, of a follow that advice, but we must also look after and similar size to many of our constituencies, that have protect their safety.Notwithstanding that, there is certainly seen thousands of cases of the virus, and hundreds of not a nine-to-five or Monday-to-Friday approach—far deaths. I assume the Foreign Secretary is getting similar from it. This is round the clock and right through the responses from our embassies around the world. Are weekend, and we are straining every sinew to ensure those being used to inform the UK response, even if it that constituents, however far flung the place in which involves a worst-case scenario? they find themselves, are getting the most support, the Dominic Raab: The hon. Gentleman is right to say clearest guidance, and the best practical help that we that we must learn from and try to understand more can provide. about covid-19 and what its impact will be in the UK, based on the experience that we are seeing in real time Stephen Kinnock (Aberavon) (Lab): To follow the across the world, and that is being fed in via scientists question from my right hon. Friend the Member for and the Department of Health and Social Care. We are Exeter (Mr Bradshaw), may I press the Foreign Secretary ensuring that we have practical advice at the end of that on the talks on the future relationship with the European pipeline, which is why we have taken the decision on travel Union? Those incredibly complex and multi-faceted advice today. talks are absorbing a tremendous amount of Government time and attention. Rather than trying to fight a war on James Sunderland (Bracknell) (Con): Will the Secretary two fronts, and stretching Government bandwidth to of State please reassure the House that appropriate breaking point, surely the time is coming to request an medical support is readily available for British Government extension to the transition period. It is better to do that and military personnel overseas, and that specialist medical than to put ideology ahead of the health and safety of evacuation will be available for them in extremis? the British people. 819 Covid-19 17 MARCH 2020 Covid-19 820

Dominic Raab: I am sure the hon. Gentleman would close their tourist venues. Can the Secretary of State never put his ideological desire to stay in the EU ahead confirm that the Foreign Office has all the resources it of the practical diplomacy that we face in the months needs to provide extra consular support, and that it is ahead. I understand why he has asked that question. As very likely that UK nationals will be caught up in these far as I am aware, negotiations can still proceed, given fast-moving situations? all the logistical arrangements we have in place. We are confident that we can get this done, and I do not think Dominic Raab: We will of course look very carefully that delaying Brexit negotiations would give anyone on at any case. The hon. Gentleman has written to me all either side of the channel the certainty they need. about constituents in Austria. There is no doubt that the Foreign Office, as with the rest of the Government— Kate Green (Stretford and Urmston) (Lab): I echo most obviously the NHS—will come under pressure. the concerns of other colleagues about the situation for The key thing is that we have the means and the agility British nationals in Peru, where I have a constituent to prioritise, to ensure that dealing with covid-19 is the with a serious underlying health condition who is stranded. top priority as we go through this challenge. I am very As we have heard, not only is the British embassy clear that the Foreign Office will do everything we can apparently closed, but the phone number that people to protect our constituents—UK nationals abroad—and have been told to use to obtain information is apparently ensure that we work with our international partners to not being answered. In addition to information about rise to this challenge, get through it and then move on, how they can be assisted to leave the country, people so we can get back to some semblance of normality. need assistance and information while they remain there, including on access to health care. Will the Foreign Jim Shannon (Strangford) (DUP): I thank the Secretary Secretary take a careful look at the situation in Peru? of State for his commitment and for his and his staff’s sterling efforts on our behalf. We are encouraged by Dominic Raab: I thank the hon. Lady for the constructive what he has said today. On the island of Ireland, both and detailed way in which she raised the case of her north and south, people travel to attend churches—people constituent, and I am happy to look at such cases. The from Northern Ireland travel southwards, for example—in Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth order to preach and participate in meetings. Can the Affairs (Wendy Morton) has already indicated that she Secretary of State give us some direction about what will take up some of the other cases in Peru, and we will should happen? People across Northern Ireland wish to do everything we can to provide that support and know whether they should attend their churches, or advice, and to provide those who need to return with whether their churches should be suspended or closed. the means to do so. What should we do? I believe that the people of this great nation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, should pray to their God for help at Tim Farron (Westmorland and Lonsdale) (LD): I this time. This is a time for prayer. Will the Secretary of have written to the right hon. Gentleman about my State join me and others in supporting that call? constituent, Eddie, who is 19 and stranded in Morocco, and I hope he will intervene to bring him, and others, Dominic Raab: I totally understand the point the home. Travel is also vital for the nation’s supplies, and hon. Gentleman makes. The obvious thing is to keep 45% of the food that Britain eats comes from overseas following the Government’smedical advice and, in relation and is imported. Will the Government do two things? to devolved matters, the advice given by the Northern First, will they make a statement, very soon, to say how Ireland Executive. I can also give him reassurance in they will protect those supply lines to give the nation relation to the latest announcement by the Irish Government confidence in its food supplies? Secondly, will they do that all persons entering Ireland from overseas will be everything they can to back Britain’s farmers so that asked to self-quarantine for 14 days. That will not apply they can increase production to keep us all well fed? to Northern Ireland, by virtue of the land border. The Irish believe that, as a result of the land border, they can Dominic Raab: I will of course look at the case of the maintain social distancing. I hope that that gives his hon. Gentleman’s constituent very carefully—a number constituents and, indeed, the people of Northern Ireland of other Moroccan cases have been raised—and get a measure of reassurance. back to him with as clear a steer as possible. He is right to raise all those issues about supply chains; again, that Mr Clive Betts (Sheffield South East) (Lab): I appreciate was one of the issues I discussed with the Transport that the Foreign Secretary may have to raise this issue with Secretary. The hon. Gentleman will have heard that the colleagues, but people are naturally drawing comparisons changes I announced to the travel advice will not apply between actions in this country—the advice against to freight. We are very mindful in everything we do going to pubs, restaurants and places of entertainment, about keeping supply chains open, and we will continue for example—with the position in France and other to look at that. He also makes an important point about countries, where such visits are banned completely. Does food supply and, frankly, the opportunities for UK-based he appreciate that that causes confusion for people, and suppliers to rise to meet some of the demand as supply that businesses in this country are more likely to be at is curtailed as a result of covid-19. risk of failure because of the less rigorous position we are taking? Navendu Mishra (Stockport) (Lab): I have written to the Secretary of State regarding a constituent stranded Dominic Raab: I understand the point the hon. in Austria. I am told that there is a lack of testing kits Gentleman raises. It is a fair question, but we have and there are issues with travelling back. There is already taken that position, first, because we are following the chaos with repatriation, even before the majority of scientific advice that applies to the UK, and secondly, countries move into emergency lockdown phases or because covid-19 is affecting different countries at different 821 Covid-19 17 MARCH 2020 Covid-19 822

[Dominic Raab] indeed, the insurers is to give clear advice. We have done that. We advise against all but essential global travel, paces and some of them are at a different place on the and I am confident that the airline industry and the curve in terms of the spread of coronavirus. We will insurers will take the responsible approach in response. make the right decisions at the right time, in the best interests of people in this country,including our businesses, Alan Brown (Kilmarnock and Loudoun) (SNP): I and we will do so based on the scientific advice, which agree with the advice that non-essential passenger travel carefully takes into account the different approaches should be halted. The Foreign Secretary said that air and the different pace at which countries are trying to freight channels should remain. The thing about air deal with coronavirus in Europe and across the world. freight is that so much of it goes on passenger-carrying planes, so the empty seats have to be paid for by either Ms Karen Buck (Westminster North) (Lab): Although the industry or the Government. What work have the I am hugely appreciative of the pressure that consular Government done to identify critical routes, critical staff are under, for everybody who has a loved one— airlines and the support packages required to keep freight particularly a vulnerable loved one—trapped in this channels and the airlines going? situation, it is the end of the world. I have a constituent on the Silver Spirit cruise ship outside Darwin who is Dominic Raab: I can assure the hon. Gentleman that 78 years old and in extremely poor health. We are told I have discussed that issue with the Transport Secretary, that there are issues with the financial viability of the who is in conversation with the airlines.The hon. Gentleman cruise line and the safety of supplies. I have a constituent is right that there is not a clear division between freight in Peru who has multiple problems and whose mother is and passenger travel; they often go on the same aircraft. desperate. I had a case in from Morocco this morning; We are very conscious of that, and we will work with they are coming in every few hours. Can the Minister the industry to ensure that we can chart as sustainable a help with those cases, and can he assure us that capacity path ahead as possible, but we have to take— is being reviewed so we can urgently upscale it, at least for the coming weeks? Alan Brown: Time is critical. Dominic Raab: Of course time is critical. We are in Dominic Raab: I reassure the hon. Lady that, in both daily touch with all the relevant interlocutors, including the cases she referred to, we are actively looking at the the airlines and airports, but it is important that we take solutions we can provide for UK nationals. She is right this measure now, not least given some of the comments to raise the issue of scalable support. I am making sure that have been made in the House about travel arrangements that all the resource available will be focused on coronavirus over the Easter period. in the weeks ahead, so of course there is an element of scalability. We have the resilience to get through this Claudia Webbe (Leicester East) (Lab): Like many of crisis, and I am confident that we will. my constituents, I have a family member stuck abroad—in my case, an older aunt stuck in the US. I certainly look Alison Thewliss (Glasgow Central) (SNP): Another forward to her healthy return, along with that of the case of people stuck in Morocco was raised with me rest of my constituents’ family members, once a global today—that of a family with three young children. I strategy is in place. My right hon. Friend the Member understand they were due to fly back on 24 March, but for Islington South and Finsbury (Emily Thornberry) flights have been suspended. May I have clarity on when was right to highlight the global leadership and global they can come home to Glasgow? They are stockpiling response that is required. In that regard, is not one of food and just do not know when they will be able to get the lessons we must learn from covid-19 the need for a back. What advice can the Secretary of State offer? joint mechanism to guide co-ordinated global efforts on the development, testing and roll-out of potential cures Dominic Raab: The Africa Minister has already made and vaccines, potentially with the establishment of a it clear that he will follow up on all those cases, so we dedicated body responsible for that work? Will the will certainly look at the case of the hon. Lady’sconstituents. Foreign Secretary undertake to look into that proposal? I am writing to all hon. Members with practical advice about how they can stay up to date by following the Dominic Raab: I thank the hon. Lady for the emphasis real-time advice. We will continue to give the hon. Lady she puts on international co-ordination. There are and all other hon. Members as much advice as swiftly as multilateral efforts to make sure we deal with everything possible to provide for the safety but also the return of from research and development of vaccines to capacity their constituents. building for the most vulnerable countries. I am certainly happy to look at the details of any proposals if she Mike Amesbury (Weaver Vale) (Lab): Many constituents wants to write to me. The challenge has been with up and down the country are doing the right and different approaches, driven partly by different assessments inevitable thing and cancelling Easter holidays, but far of the risk, but also the pace at which coronavirus has too many are doing the hokey-cokey between travel spread and geography. agents, the FCO advice and insurance companies. What more can the Secretary of State do to give people a Deidre Brock (Edinburgh North and Leith) (SNP): nudge in the right direction? The Secretary of State mentioned the Irish Government’s announcement of a mandatory 14-day self-quarantine Dominic Raab: I think the clarity of the advice we period. The Australian Prime Minister recently announced have given today will provide the nudge, to use the hon. the same thing for passengers arriving in Australia from Gentleman’s expression. The most important thing we abroad. Is that an option the UK Government are can do for our constituents, the airline industry and, actively considering? 823 Covid-19 17 MARCH 2020 824

Dominic Raab: That is, ultimately, the responsibility Company Transparency of the Home Secretary. What I can say to the hon. Lady (Carbon in Supply Chains) is that, given the changes we are making to travel advice, it would not seem to be necessary and nor does Motion for leave to bring in a Bill (Standing Order the scientific advice we are getting suggest that that is a No. 23) measure we should take at this time. 1.51 pm Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Eleanor Laing): I thank Karen Bradley (Staffordshire Moorlands) (Con): I beg the Foreign Secretary. Thank you very much. to move, That leave be given to bring in a Bill to require companies to prepare an annual statement on carbon in their supply chains; and for connected purposes. It may seem odd that, on a day when we are focusing on an immediate crisis facing the world, covid-19, we should also look at other issues facing the world, but there is no doubt that climate change is an immediate crisis. It will still be here when the immediate crisis we face over covid-19 is more manageable and under control, so it is right that we should not stop looking at global matters at a time when we have an immediate health emergency. I think that hon. Members would agree that this is probably the most significant long-term threat to our health, wealth and happiness, and that, like covid-19, it is an issue that affects the whole world. Climate change, like covid-19, is an issue that requires global action. It cannot be tackled by any one country taking unilateral measures. It requires global leadership, which we in the UK have a duty to provide. We have done so already. We are the first developed country to legislate to be net zero by 2050 and I am extremely proud to have been a part of the Government who brought in that legislation. Weare taking other significant measures at home, which are welcome. I also welcome the opportunity provided by hosting COP26 in the UK this autumn. This is a real opportunity to showcase the measures we are bringing in at home and to demonstrate our global leadership. At a point when the world has seen what a global pandemic can do, it is also an opportunity for the UK to shine. I want to put on record my thanks to former Member Claire Perry-O’Neill, who spotted the opportunity to make sure that COP26 would be brought to this country. My only regret, as the former Northern Ireland Secretary, is that I was not able to secure it for Belfast—or indeed Stoke-on-Trent. They were my two first choices. We can always do more. When the UK is responsible for less than 1% of global emissions, and China responsible for 25% of global emissions, it is important to consider the actions we can take in the UK to ensure global action. The action we take here will come to nothing if it is not replicated globally or if businesses try to get around our rules by moving production overseas, using third-party suppliers who are not as clean and green as our industries. I particularly want to reflect on energy- intensive industries such as ceramics—I declare my interest as a north Staffordshire MP—where more and more ceramics production takes place overseas to deal with such issues as the energy trading scheme and other matters. It is quite right that we have measures in place to ensure our industries are as clean as possible, but we cannot allow business to move overseas, affecting our highly skilled and excellent businesses in the UK, just to get around carbon emissions. I considered what it was possible for us to do and looked back to something I had done previously as a Minister, which was in the Modern Slavery Act 2015. 825 Company Transparency 17 MARCH 2020 Company Transparency 826 (Carbon in Supply Chains) (Carbon in Supply Chains) [Karen Bradley] to be taken. The all-party group wants to look more at how that provision is working in practice. I think we As co-chair of the all-party group on human trafficking should look at how we can replicate it elsewhere. and modern slavery, I look at that issue on a regular An important part of the provision is that it elevates basis. As with climate change, modern slavery and the issue to board level. A director has to sign off the human trafficking is a global issue, and it can only be statement, so members of the board have to look at the tackled globally. As a Minister, I was incredibly proud action that is being taken. By giving the public that to take the Modern Slavery Act 2015 through Parliament. information and letting them see what action businesses I thank my fellow Ministers who took it through with are taking, they can make informed and educated decisions me: my right hon. Friend the Member for Maidenhead about whether they want to work with those businesses. (Mrs May), and Lord Bates and Baroness Garden in I propose that we adopt a similar approach to carbon the other place. It was a world-leading Act, introducing emissions. It is really important that we ensure businesses new measures that had never been seen before in a take seriously the level of carbon emissions in their developed country. supply chains. I was contacted yesterday by my former There were, however, challenges. One was how to college, Imperial College London, which is doing an deal with extraterritoriality—not least trying to say awful lot of work on how to identify and decarbonise extraterritoriality when I had a horrible cold—and we supply chains. We know that this work is going on, and looked at what we could do to ensure that businesses we know that businesses and others are interested in it. did not just offshore and outsource modern slavery. I say to the Government that this is an opportunity to One measure championed by former Members Frank show global Britain at its best. It is an opportunity to Field and Fiona Mactaggart, as well as by my right show us on the world stage taking steps above and hon. Friend the Member for Basingstoke (Mrs Miller), beyond those taken by other countries. It would ensure Baroness Butler-Sloss, Lord Randall and our very old that we say to the businesses that want to operate and friend Anthony Steen, was the transparency of supply sell to consumers in this country that they have to act chains. Many others also campaigned on this matter, ethically with regard to carbon emissions. I urge the but they were the real leaders. We wanted to shine a Government to seize the initiative, so that by the time of light on supply chains. We wanted visibility on what COP26 we have taken steps that are extraterritorial and businesses were doing to identify and eradicate human can make a real difference. If we do that and show that trafficking and modern slavery in supply chains. Businesses leadership, we can make a real difference. wanted that, too. Businesses wanted legalisation, because ethical, well-behaved businesses wanted to cross the line I commend the Bill to the House. together. They wanted the Government to help them to Question put and agreed to. make sure that when they took the right steps to eradicate modern slavery in their supply chains others would do Ordered, the same. ThatAlexNorris,MrLaurenceRobertson,MarkGarnier, Section 54 of the 2015 Act is a light-touch regulation David Mundell, Mark Logan, Mike Kane, Mr Alistair under which businesses have to declare on their website Carmichael, Christine Jardine, Dame Diana Johnson, every year the steps they are taking to identify and Mrs Maria Miller, Darren Jones and Karen Bradley eliminate human trafficking and modern slavery in their present the Bill. global supply chains. They can say, and be completely Karen Bradley accordingly presented the Bill. in line with the law, that they are taking no steps to Bill read the First time; to be read a Second time on identify human trafficking and modern slavery in their Friday 15 May, and to be printed (Bill 113). supply chains. It is entirely legal for them to do that, but I think the public will see that and they will want action 827 17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 828

round-the-clock media coverage, by the clamour on Ways and Means social media or by means and measures that sound good at the time, but are not based on irrefutable Budget Resolutions scientific logic. We will continue to base our decisions on what the experts believe is in the best interests of this country. INCOME TAX (CHARGE) Debate resumed (Order, 12 March). Chris Bryant (Rhondda) (Lab): I wholly support Question again proposed, following the evidence and scientific advice, but the Government’s advice yesterday to avoid pubs and That income tax is charged for the tax year 2020-21. restaurants has caused a genuine outcry across the And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that whole hospitality industry, because people are terrified this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. that their businesses will be closing forever in two to three weeks’ time. They cannot manage their overheads, Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Eleanor Laing): I they desperately need support and they cannot even inform the House that Mr Speaker has not selected the claim for insurance because the Government will not amendment in the name of the Leader of the Opposition. formally close them. Why will the Government not make that decision now? 2 pm Grant Shapps: The hon. Member speaks for the concerns The Secretary of State for Transport (Grant Shapps): of many across the House and across the country. I do Last week’s Budget was a blueprint for a more connected, not think there can be any denying it, because that is the more prosperous and more equal Britain—a nation severity of the enemy in this war. I reassure him, and where we deliver on our promises, where investors want many other hon. Members who plan to make interventions, to do business and where stable employment, decent by saying that my right hon. Friend the Chancellor of housing, reliable transport, excellent healthcare and the Exchequer will say more on that later today. education, and the same opportunities extend to everyone in society, no matter where they live. Today’s Budget At no point will we stop listening to the advice or debate comes against a background of a global health reacting to events, because as the progress of the virus emergency, however, so we must come together as a changes, so will the response. The nature of this crisis country to face the unprecedented threat posed by the and the circumstances are changing all the time, so our coronavirus outbreak. response will evolve to meet the threat until the virus poses no threat to the country or to our citizens. I pay tribute to and thank my opposite number, the hon. Member for Middlesbrough (Andy McDonald), for his truly constructive support through this crisis. Gareth Thomas (Harrow West) (Lab/Co-op): The For several years, the country has looked on the House Secretary of State will know that other countries have and its behaviour and seen it divided, in particular over pledged to support every business so that it does not go the vexed issue of Brexit, so the way that this matter is bankrupt during the worst period of coronavirus infection, being approached by the official Opposition and others that they are supporting laid-off workers to the tune of is truly welcome. People will look at the House and see 75% of their income, and that serious support is being that, when it comes to rising to the occasion, we can to given to the self-employed, many of whom will now not work together in the country’s interests. have any work. When will the Government take similar measures in this country? This crisis requires radical action and support for our incredible health service, for businesses, for the Grant Shapps: As I said in pre-empting the hon. self-employed, and, of course, for the elderly, sick and Gentleman’s intervention, the Chancellor will say more vulnerable members of our society. We made a start on about all that shortly. I recognise the concerns raised by that last week in the Budget where the Chancellor set the hon. Gentleman and other hon. Members. out a £12 billion package of measures designed to counteract the immediate impact of the virus. My own sector, transport, is massively affected, so we are working to support the whole industry under these Several hon. Members rose— extreme circumstances. We are looking at a range of options to help the rail, aviation and bus sectors. We Grant Shapps: I will not give way yet; I want to make have already taken action to prevent the empty ghost some progress. flights that were flying because of the 80/20 rule, which That package was part of a wider £30 billion stimulus meant that they had to make pointless journeys even if to offset the economic impacts. However, we understand they did not have anybody on board. I took action by that this is effectively a war. The enemy is a virus, but we writing to Airport Coordination Limited, the slots must none the less approach it in the same way as a war. co-ordinator in this country,and the European Commission on a couple of occasions. They have provided relief, Several hon. Members rose— which means that we no longer have to have those flights in the skies, but it will not lead to airlines necessarily Grant Shapps: Again, I want to make a bit of progress, losing their slots. because I am aware that many hon. Members want to speak in the debate. Stephen Doughty (Cardiff South and Penarth) (Lab/ We have been clear about how we will fight the war. Co-op): Clearly we all await the Chancellor’sannouncement The first principle is to follow scientific advice at every tonight with interest. I hope that it surpasses the response step. It is all too easy to be distracted by the demands of to the 2008 financial crisis. Regrettably, we need a fiscal 829 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 830

[Stephen Doughty] announced plans to extend discounted train travel to more than 830,000 veterans. The Minister of State, my response and a level of Government intervention on hon. Friend the Member for Daventry (Chris Heaton- that scale. We do not want to see that, but it is what we Harris), has kickstarted work on reversing the Beeching need for people’s lives and for strategic industries. cuts, which have so blighted the nation in decades past Specifically on transport, the Secretary of State talks and prevented people from being interconnected. In about support for airlines and the rail and bus industries. January we announced the preferred route for the east-west Does he accept that we may have to put some of those rail link that will connect Oxford and Cambridge, which into national ownership, even if for a temporary period? will increase access to jobs and make it easier and cheaper Will he consider relaxing the rules on bail-outs for to travel, creating a region that has been dubbed the municipal bus companies and others? In Cardiff, Cardiff UK’s silicon valley. We are not only making journeys Bus will really struggle. We need the rules to be relaxed more efficient and easier; we are also making them so that we can give it the right support, so it can survive cleaner. We are consulting on bringing forward the end and pay its workers. of fossil fuel cars and vans to 2035, or earlier if practical. We are taking enormous steps forward. Grant Shapps: The hon. Gentleman is right to say The Chancellor has delivered a Budget that includes that the principle should be that, as far as we can make some of the most ambitious infrastructure programmes it work, people—individuals and companies—are in the seen since the 1950s. It will help to level up this country. same position when we come out of this situation. I feel Infrastructure that is unreliable, overcrowded and no that we will be in a somewhat changed world and longer fit for purpose acts as a drag anchor on our changed environment on the other side of it, but good entire economy. When it is efficient and gets people organisations should not be going bust. It will be hugely where they need to be, it can turn around the fortunes of challenging. We will require a lot of different responses our towns and cities. With interest rates at an historic and mechanisms to get there, including, on occasion, low, now is the time to get Britain building. organisations being run by the public sector, which we have already seen in the case of trains for a completely Bob Seely (Isle of Wight) (Con): As my right hon. different reason. Friend knows, I am pressing for a better deal for the Isle Turning to trains, it makes no sense for us to run of Wight. What are the criteria for the levelling up empty trains. As fewer people will be travelling following agenda? The Island is part of the wealthy south-east, last night’s advice and guidance from the Government but our economy has more in common with the north, and the Prime Minister, timetables may be altered in the or indeed with parts of east Devon and Cornwall, so short to medium term to ensure that we do not effectively what does levelling up look like for us? Is it part of the run ghost trains. We are also determined to ensure that funding settlement or is it infrastructure projects? companies are left in as strong a position as possible so that they can continue to operate afterwards. Despite Grant Shapps: My hon. Friend makes an excellent the immensely challenging situation in which we find point. As many Members across the House will know, ourselves, we will work in partnership with the transport people often think that just because a constituency is in industry to keep essential services running for the public a certain part of the country—the south-east in his and for those who need to get to work, who have essential case—it must be enormously prosperous. Many of us business and who will therefore still be travelling. represent enormously deprived communities, perhaps Yvette Cooper (Normanton, Pontefract and Castleford) just an individual ward, within an otherwise prosperous (Lab): On the proposal to reduce the number of trains, area, so it is very important that the criteria for levelling buses and tubes that are running, given that so many of up take that all into account. That is why the Green them are so crowded at the moment, would it not make Book is being rewritten as a result of last week’s Budget. sense to keep many more of them running so that those Welook forward to hearing more about that in due course. essential workers who still have to get to work have With interest rates at an historic low, it is time to get more space? Britain building. That is why the Chancellor set out plans to inject £640 billion by 2024-25 into roads, Grant Shapps: The right hon. Lady makes an excellent railways, hospitals, broadband, housing and research, point, as ever. The reality is that, because of social to modernise the fabric of our country, turbo-charge distancing, it might well be desirable to have more space our economy—perhaps to electrically charge our economy between people so that they can keep some distance. —and get every single region of the UK growing, not Yes, that absolutely needs to be taken into account as matter where it is. we consider the timetabling. We will get through this crisis together as a nation. Alan Brown (Kilmarnock and Loudoun) (SNP): Strategic Working in this great national effort, we will ensure that investment in infrastructure is very welcome, but another we come through on the other side and provide hope for Budget measure that the Chancellor announced was the all our citizens. The Budget shows that we are serious removal of the red diesel rebate for the construction about the pledges we have made and about the trust industry, which means the cost of diesel for construction that the electorate put in us only three months ago. will double. That is predicted in the Red Book to bring We intend to deliver on those infrastructure pledges. in £5 billion over two years. How much of that £640 billion The Department for Transport has already been working investment will be written off by paying costs for diesel? hard to deliver on those pledges. For example, in recent weeks we have taken decisive action to improve journeys Grant Shapps: The hon. Gentleman, who has questioned for millions of Northern rail commuters by putting the me passionately many times about greening the economy, franchise into the operator of last resort. We have will appreciate that red diesel contributes tremendously 831 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 832 to the problems he often cites. There will be a consultation, needs to fight. As in a war, we need to deploy every so he will have an opportunity to put his concerns on possible weapon, and of course that will involve a the record, as he has done partially today. variety of financial and other tools to do precisely that. The Government will provide more details on our Nothing must be off our radar when we consider the investment priorities when we publish our national possible responses. infrastructure strategy in the spring and the comprehensive Levelling up will not be achieved through a single spending review later this year. That will include taking fiscal event such as the Budget, but it will be part of an forward Northern Powerhouse Rail, having already integrated plan over the next five years, and I have committed to the section between Manchester and Leeds, mentioned already some of the other fiscal events. One and reversing many of the Beeching cuts, as I have of the most powerful agents for change will be the mentioned. I am grateful to Members across the House infrastructure programme that I have outlined today to for bringing forward an extraordinary number of potential get Britain building. The process will be triggered by an Beeching reversals, which the Minister of State, my hon. historic investment, through the national infrastructure Friend the Member for Daventry, is now in the process strategy, the spending review and an autumn Budget of assessing, working with colleagues across the House. later this year. We know that there are big challenges We are also delivering High Speed 2, to transform rail ahead—the most immediate, as hon. Members across connections between our major cities while releasing the House have said, is dealing with the coronavirus capacity on our existing railways, particularly for freight. outbreak. We will present an integrated rail plan for the north This Budget is designed to build a strong foundation and for the midlands, examining how HS2 and Northern to make us fairer and more equal as a country, where we Powerhouse Rail can best work together, along with harness the potential of every region, and where people’s wider investment in transport across the regions. We ambitions can be achieved. But we also recognise that have the largest ever investment in English strategic we are doing so in the immediate short term against the roads. We have £27 billion to tackle congestion and backdrop of tackling what is perhaps the greatest health increase capacity. We have £2.5 billion to fill potholes emergency that the country has seen since the Spanish and ensure that more do not develop. We have £5 billion flu. I know that we can do this as a country. I know that for the roll-out of broadband, particularly in rural we can do this by showing the same spirit that this areas, to ensure that our four nations are fully linked House has demonstrated in the past few weeks; by together. We have record funding of £5.2 billion for working together, finding the right solutions and getting flood defences—we have seen recently how important it the job done. That is our vision, and that is what we will is to have that cash going in. We have £4.2 billion for deliver. urban transport through long-term settlements with eight mayoral combined authorities. We have £22 billion Several hon. Members rose— for science, innovation and technology by 2024-25, to help us develop new products and services to sell around Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Eleanor Laing): Order. the world. Before I call the shadow Secretary of State, let me say that it will be obvious to the House that a great many Of course, we also have a massive housing programme. people wish to speak this afternoon. We have a lot of We have made significant progress towards building time for this important debate, and I am hoping to more affordable, high-quality homes in recent years— manage it without a formal time limit because that far more than when I was Housing Minister—and the makes for better debates. We will manage it if everyone housing supply is now at its highest level for 32 years, behaves with courtesy and speaks for between seven which is quite an achievement. However, we still have a and eight minutes, which is quite a long time. At least, it long way to go. The Budget mentioned remedying some is quite a long time for everyone who is listening. of that shortfall, first by extending the affordable homes [Laughter.] So if Members speak for about seven to eight programme with a multi-year £12 billion settlement, minutes we will manage without a time limit, but if that and secondly by helping local authorities to invest while does not happen I shall have to impose one. such low interest rates are available. 2.20 pm Kevin Hollinrake (Thirsk and Malton) (Con): I very much welcome the investment that my right hon. Friend Andy McDonald (Middlesbrough) (Lab): Clearly these has announced. However, if we do not get our businesses are extraordinary times, and everything that we say and through the crisis of the next few months, much of that do is said and done through the prism of the response investment will not bear fruit as it should. He has quite to the coronavirus emergency. I thank the Secretary of rightly said that he wants businesses to be in the same State for his kind remarks, and also for his courtesy and place in the future that they are in today, but lots of the candour in keeping me briefed as these events unfold. I income they will lose over the next few months will hope that that conversation continues, and I recommit never come back. Does he agree that we must put in myself and my party to working with the Government place a package of financial support based on grants, to counter this national and international emergency. I not merely business loans? send my sincere sympathies to those who have lost loved ones, and my sincerest thanks to our NHS and public Grant Shapps: I do not want to pre-empt what the service workers for their incredible work to date and Chancellor might say later, but I am grateful to my hon. what they will do in the future in response to what is the Friend for making that point. I will repeat what I said at greatest peacetime challenge to face our country for more the beginning of my speech and then wrap up my than 100 years. remarks, to allow other Members to contribute. The While these are indeed abnormal times, I will endeavour situation is clearly approaching what we would otherwise, to turn my attention and that of the House to a time in different times, thing of as a war that this country when our focus will hopefully return to other matters 833 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 834

[Andy McDonald] irresponsible for public services to be run in the private sector. Rather than offering a bailout, the Government which we would normally address. Before I do so, however, should offer to take back the keys and return the may I raise with the Secretary of State some points that services to public ownership. have arisen overnight and in recent times? As my right The aviation sector has been hit incredibly hard by hon. Friend the Member for Doncaster North (Edward the outbreak of coronavirus. We have already seen the Miliband) rightly said yesterday, it is no fault of the collapse of Flybe with 2,000 job losses, not to mention Chancellor, but his Budget is clearly out of date, and, the impact that that will have on jobs at regional airports sadly,a major reappraisal is already necessary.Accordingly, and across the supply chain. Of course, many thousands I very much welcome the news that he is to make a of UK citizens are still overseas and will want to return, statement to the House later today about the additional so the Secretary of State has my full support for his measures that he intends to take. efforts to sustain services to facilitate such repatriation. Yesterday, at a press conference, the Prime Minister Indeed, it is not only a question of passengers: many advised people to avoid pubs, restaurants and theatres, vital goods and medicines are transported in the belly but despite that advice, which will result in many businesses holds of aircraft. Can the Secretary of State tell us what being unable to operate and will cause job losses or loss specific measures are being taken to ensure that those of income, there was no sufficient accompanying support. supplies are maintained? Will the Secretary of State implore the Prime Minister, Clearly many people are going to extraordinary lengths and others, to ensure that the right support is made to assist their neighbours and their communities, and I available? I trust that, in addition, the Government will know that businesses will bend over backwards to help ensure that insurers do not plead force majeure and their loyal workforces at this time. That being so, will avoid their liabilities. the Secretary of State send a message to major employers The Government are also asking people to self-isolate, asking them to do what they can to sustain their employees’ but are not providing the financial assistance that those incomes, and will he give an assurance that workers will people need. It is not only unfair to ask people to enact also be supported by the underwriting of the majority social distancing and to self-isolate if necessary without of their wages by the Government should temporary giving them adequate support; it is dangerous and cessations of trading be necessary? counterproductive, because it risks discouraging people from taking necessary action. In France, after the Paula Barker (Liverpool, Wavertree) (Lab): Does my announcement of similar but more stringent measures, hon. Friend agree that those with the broadest shoulders the French Government announced that electricity, gas should bear the biggest burden in seeing our country and rental bills would be suspended. Why has the United through this crisis? If so, does he think it right that Kingdom not announced similar measures? Richard Branson, the billionaire boss of Virgin, is asking It is being reported that private train companies are his workers to take eight weeks’ unpaid leave? already requesting bail-outs or renegotiations of their contracts. Social distancing will hit fares revenue hard, Andy McDonald: My hon. Friend must have read my making franchises unprofitable for some train operating speech in advance. I was about to ask the Secretary of companies, and with demand for travel down, there State to prevail on the very same Richard Branson to may be a temptation to run services at a different look to his own considerable reserves, built on the wealth frequency from what is specified in the franchise agreements. created by his Virgin airline workforce, and withdraw However, along with my right hon. Friend the Member his proposal that they should suffer eight weeks of for Normanton, Pontefract and Castleford (Yvette Cooper), unpaid leave. I note that he is asking for a Government I ask the Secretary of State to consider the possibility bailout, but I trust that the Government may expect that contagion will be reduced by the presence of fewer him to use his own considerable resources before that passengers with the same level of service. No doubt the happens—perhaps when he is down to his last billion. medical officers and others will advise. He might be able to live without two months of income, but his workers cannot. Stephen Doughty: My hon. Friend is making some The Secretary of State’s decision—made in lockstep important and constructive points. I do not know whether with the European Union—to end ghost flights involving he is aware that the First Minister of Wales has just sent empty aircraft flying simply to retain slots is clearly a letter to the Chancellor, in which he makes clear that right, but can he advise us of the consequences for we will have to intervene in an unprecedented way. Does airline staff and ground crew and the support that they my hon. Friend approve of the measures that he has will receive, given that their risk of losing their jobs has suggested, such as tax holidays, loan guarantees to help undoubtedly increased significantly? productive capacity, underwriting the wages of employees In that context, as my right hon. Friend the Leader of who are affected, and, if necessary, the temporary the Opposition told the Prime Minister yesterday, the nationalisation of key transport infrastructure? Government must now make commitments to extending full sick pay and lost earnings protection to all workers Andy McDonald: Those are indeed the sorts of responses from day one, including insecure, low-paid and self- that we hope to see emerge from the Government employed workers, during self-isolation and illness; raising Dispatch Box later today. I entirely agree with the statutory sick pay in line with amounts in other European approach taken by the Welsh Government. countries; introducing rent and mortgage payment As I was saying—and my hon. Friend has echoed my deferment options, and banning evictions of tenants view—the state should not bail out the private train affected by the outbreak; removing the requirement for companies. Indeed, the fact that those companies are people to present themselves for universal credit, suspending already wanting to be bailed out demonstrates why it is sanctions, and reducing the waiting time for the first 835 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 836 payment from five weeks; and supporting local authorities and upgrading the rail network in the south-west, as working with food banks in the purchase and distribution well as providing transformational levels of investment of food stocks. for local public and sustainable transport. This Budget The road haulage industry is founded on an army of fails to even reverse Conservative cuts to the rail network, small businesses, and if they are to be sustained, it is leaving in place the cuts to electrification in the south-west, essential for the cross-channel freight routes to be the north and the midlands. maintained. What assurance can the Secretary of State The Government have repeatedly talked up their give in that regard? Northern Ireland should also have commitment to Northern Powerhouse Rail, but they special consideration, given that it is of course dependent have not committed to the full £39 billion project, as on goods coming from Great Britain—as, indeed, is the Labour has done. Instead, they will commit money only Republic of Ireland. What steps are being taken to to improvements between Manchester and Leeds.Critically, ensure continuity of supply across the English channel there is no commitment to resolve bottlenecks such as and the Irish sea? the Castlefield corridor, or indeed any of the selected Over the past few days, it has been self-evident that flyover and electrification programmes described in the the Government must commit themselves more fully to excellent Channel 4 “Dispatches” programme last night. communicating truthfully and effectively with the public I can see the commitment to the infrastructure works in about the developments of the virus and their response my own constituency at Middlesbrough station, which to it. It should not be the case that we have Ministers are critical to the running of the entire northern network, giving anonymous briefings to select members of the but sadly, I have no grounds to believe that the necessary press about facts known to the Government. Ministers funds will be made available until 2023 at the very earliest. must acknowledge that this poor communication has Similarly, the Government are promising to reverse the increased public concerns, and I reiterate what my right Beeching cuts, yet have only made £500 million available, hon. Friend the Leader of the Opposition requested of which is small beer in real terms and would be lucky to the Prime Minister when they met yesterday evening: I open a very small section of track. ask that the Government provide much greater transparency I note the Government’s interest in buses. I have been in their approach to tackling the outbreak. We must banging on about buses for years, and it was good to see follow the advice of the World Health Organisation and the BBC devote attention to buses in another documentary see an increase in testing, along with provision of vital last night, but can I gently try to persuade the Secretary equipment such as ventilators and acute beds. of State to look carefully at Labour’s proposals to bring Sadly,because of this Government’sdecade of crippling back and expand routes, increase ridership, decarbonise austerity, we have seen a slashing of over 17,000 NHS the fleet and provide free travel for all under the age of hospital beds since 2010, which has led to the disgrace 25 within a re-regulated bus network that is wholly of a private healthcare firm charging the NHS £300 a integrated with other modes? Were he to do that, he would bed for coronavirus patients. Indeed, the outbreak of come to the inevitable conclusion that the only way to the coronavirus has illuminated what has been done to achieve all that was within a public transport system public services in this country over the last 10 years, and that was genuinely public in ownership and control. I fear that in the coming weeks it will become clear that When the coronavirus crisis is eventually over—we all the situation created by years of underfunding will become hope and pray that will be sooner rather than later—we unsustainable. will still face the climate crisis, and sadly, this Budget The Budget announced last week showed that the does little to address it. Greenpeace commented that austerity project has failed, even on the Conservative “the Chancellor has completely missed the opportunity to address party’s own terms. We now know, once and for all, that the climate emergency... he’s driving in the opposite direction.” austerity was never an economic necessity, but a political choice—a political choice that has left millions of working Friends of the Earth agreed, saying: people across this country paying the price for the “This Budget contains a massive road-building programme recklessness of the financial services industry, when it which completely destroys any pretence of UK government leadership crashed the economy in 2008. ahead of this year’s crucial climate summit. Today’s debate is focused on the “levelling up” of the Funding for cleaner cars, EV charging, action on plastics and economy, but far from levelling up, the Government more trees are just a few green sprinklings on a truly awful budget.” have presided over huge inequalities on regional investment. The UK is way off track to meet its own climate change In 2018-19, transport spending per head in the north-east, targets and is further still from meeting its commitments north-west, and Yorkshire and the Humber was £486, under the Paris climate agreement. This failure is being £412 and £276 respectively.In comparison, London received driven by a rising trend in emissions caused largely by £903 per head in the same year. The OECD recently increased traffic growth, which has left transport as the argued that UK’s single largest source of greenhouse gas emissions “addressing the regional productivity divide—between high- and the worst-performing sector when it comes to reducing productivity areas like London and Southern England and low- carbon emissions. This failure is the result of deliberate productivity regions in the North—can be a key channel for Government policy encouraging traffic growth through fostering long-term growth and sharing prosperity across the an ever-expanding multibillion-pound programme of country”, road building. recommending regionally focused investment in This Budget is destined to make the problem worse transportation as part of an industrial strategy to boost by pledging over £27 billion for new road building, productivity.But this Budget fails to include such policies. which will increase car use, worsen congestion and At the general election, Labour pledged to close gaps increase air pollution and climate emissions, with little in regional transport investment by delivering projects benefit for the economy and at the expense of concreting including Crossrail for the north and HS2 to Scotland, over large areas of the country. A huge part of the 837 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 838

[Andy McDonald] the evidence of this Budget, the Government do not have the vision or the ambition to tackle them. When problem is that public transport fares have risen at more we are through this, we should take the opportunity to than twice the rate of wages since 2010 while fuel duty reset our economy, so that it works for our people, as it has remained frozen, meaning the cost of public transport always should. has risen above the cost of motoring, discouraging more sustainable transport and worsening congestion and Several hon. Members rose— pollution. Yet the fuel duty freeze continues and there are no measures to reduce the cost of public transport, Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Eleanor Laing): It gives compounding the failure of recent years. me great pleasure to call Gagan Mohindra to make his The contrast between what will be spent on new road maiden speech. building alone and what is pledged for cycling and walking and for public transport illustrates the Government’s 2.40 pm priorities, with the investment in roads five times that in sustainable transport. The funding for local transport Mr Gagan Mohindra (South West Hertfordshire) (Con): that the Government announced with significant fanfare Thank you, Madam Deputy Speaker, for allowing me simply will not cut it. Labour pledged £6.5 billion over the opportunity to make my maiden speech as the the same period to reverse more than 3,000 bus route Member of Parliament for South West Hertfordshire, cuts in England and to invest in new services. It could and it is a real pleasure to have you in the Chair during cost around £3 billion to reverse the cuts made to bus it. I know I am among the last of my intake to address services alone, yet the £5 billion pledged in the Budget is this House. I have had the pleasure of listening to many meant to fund bus services, build new cycle lanes and moving and memorable speeches from my friends over purchase around 4,000 zero-emission buses. This fund the last few months. I am not ashamed to say that I get has been over-promised and will not deliver the investment goosebumps in this place; as I sit on these green Benches, in local transport needed to address the climate crisis I feel the weight of history and the legacy of my political and support local economies. heroes all about me. But I hope that, like Trigger’s broom, I will prove to be a worthy replacement for my On electric vehicles, it is good that the Chancellor forebears, whether I am the head or the handle! And I decided to continue the grants. It would have been do not intend to ever take the trust of my constituents highly damaging for the plug-in car grant to be scrapped, to represent them in this place for granted. The weight as subsidies for EVs are required until the up-front cost of our responsibility as public servants weighs on us all of EVs reaches price parity with internal combustion more now than ever. But everything has its place, and in engine vehicles. But it should be pointed out that the my maiden speech. I know you want to hear about the grants had previously been cut from £5,000 to £3,500—a best constituency in our country and I intend not to move condemned by industry. If the UK is to reduce disappoint. transport emissions in line with climate targets, the cuts to grants should be reversed. By contrast, Labour had However, I would like to start by paying tribute to my pledged to introduce 2.5 million interest-free loans, predecessor, the right hon. David Gauke. During his worth an additional £1,500, for the purchase of EVs so 14 and a half years of public service, David was a as to allow low-income households, those living in rural dedicated Member of Parliament, and he was highly areas, and independent contractors and small and medium- respected by his constituents and colleagues alike. He sized enterprises to save on new electric cars. was fiercely intelligent and famously cool under pressure. Again, the £500 million investment in EV charging However, during the 2019 general election, the public infrastructure is better than nothing, but £400 million got to know another side of David: his wicked sense of of this fund is a reannouncement from the 2017 autumn humour, which was already well known to his friends in Budget. This money should have already been invested this House. As I fought the election, I found I had to and should have been supplemented by a further overcome the appeal of not one Gauke, but two, as announcement in this Budget so as to provide an adequate Gauke senior, Jim, went viral in David’s videos. David charging network. By contrast, to jump-start the transition ran one of the most engaging campaigns to be found to electric cars and tackle the climate emergency, Labour during the general election, and I commend his enthusiasm pledged to invest £3.6 billion in a mammoth expansion and passion. Despite the difficult circumstances of his of the UK’s EV charging network. A rapid roll-out of fighting against his former party, it was a civilised battle charging stations would eliminate concerns over driving and I thank him for that. range and lack of electric car charging infrastructure by As to David’s political career, he was a heavyweight providing enough electrical charge points for 21.5 million of the Conservative Government over the last decade. electric cars—65% of the UK’s fleet—by 2030. He held many senior roles, including Chief Secretary to On the greatest crisis facing humanity, the climate the Treasury, Secretary of State for Work and Pensions crisis, this Budget is going in the wrong direction. On and, finally, Secretary of State for Justice. As I have said the most immediate crisis facing us, the coronavirus, the before, in different times we may well have been colleagues, Budget fails to provide the country and its workers with and I would have been proud to work alongside him. I the safety and security they require. On the Budget’s thank David for his commitment to the residents of central promise to level up the country, it is an abject South West Hertfordshire, and wish him, Rachel and failure, failing to reverse the austerity cuts of the past the rest of his family well in their future endeavours. decade and to invest in infrastructure across the country. Moving on to my stunning constituency, South West The coronavirus pandemic is a dreadful and most immediate Hertfordshire is shaped rather like a couture boot. crisis, but one day it will be behind us. When we are past Picture, if you will, scenic Tring on the thigh, bustling this, the same problems of social and regional inequalities Berkhamsted—Berko to the locals—sitting on the knee, and the climate crisis will still be there. I worry that, on the pretty trio of Flaunden, Bovingdon and Chipperfield 839 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 840 making up the calf, striking Sarratt sitting behind the diversity of ethnicity or of gender, although I welcome shin and charming Chorleywood on the ankle. Vibrant both and am delighted that 34% of this place is now Rickmansworth, or Ricky, where I live, sits on the heel, occupied by women—I look forward to that number and the military base of Northwood headquarters sits being higher. on the toe. That is to name but a few of the collection of When we speak of diversity and inclusiveness, we magnificent communities that make up my constituency, must mean engaging the widest diversity of perspective, each unique and beautiful in its own way. The arresting formed by bringing together individuals with all manner natural and man-made beauty of my constituency, top of differences, including those of upbringing and to bottom, is certainly best experienced on foot! background. It is about destigmatising all forms of physical My constituency offers an embarrassment of riches, and mental health issues, and that starts with us in this from its historical market towns, such as Tring, to the House. I am dyslexic, so I understand the frustrations Chiltern hills, which are rightly classed as areas of posed by learning difficulties, but I must acknowledge outstanding natural beauty. Further south lies the Colne that I have also had the benefit of many advantages. I Valley Regional Park, which is known as the first taste understand that, like many of us in this place, I have of countryside west of London and comprises some been blessed with the good fortune to have self-belief 60 lakes, among woodland, canals and farmland. You and ambition nurtured in me, both in the home and in can pass many a peaceful afternoon walking here, or the wider environment, from my earliest days. Many in visiting the famous aquadrome, where you can water-ski, our society are not afforded this most essential of canoe or sail to your heart’s content. luxuries, and the impact, compounded of course, by other Behind the thriving Berkhamsted High Street are found inequalities, is far-reaching. I am passionate about our the ruins of Berkhamsted castle. It was in Berkhamsted commitments, as a Government, to do our part to ensure that William the Conqueror received the surrender of that aspiration and self-belief are not luxury items. the Crown of England in 1066. The castle was then built That, to me, is the true meaning of levelling up. I look to assert control over the key supply route through the forward to seeing more and more faces in this House Chiltern hills from London to the midlands. It is a who represent our great country in all its guises. constituency heaped with history, some of which cannot I have a final brief word on the situation in which we be retold, like the activities of Northwood HQ. I would find ourselves, responding to the outbreak of coronavirus like to take this opportunity to thank our armed services across the globe. I am encouraged to already bear for continuing to keep us safe. witness to many open-hearted and civic-minded examples of individuals coming together to help the more vulnerable The visual beauty of my constituency is only outdone and needy in our society during a testing time. I also by the warmth and good nature of my constituents. commend the careful response of Government, based Nowhere in the country better represents the open-minded, on scientific evidence, and the Budget measures announced tolerant, progressive nature of the United Kingdom last week—and those possibly to be announced later than South West Hertfordshire, and I am so grateful today—designed to protect vulnerable individuals and that I have been so warmly welcomed. Of course, there small businesses, who will most need our assistance to are also a number of local concerns and issues to which navigate the coming months. Of course, I, alongside my I will devote my energies. For our commuters, the issues colleagues, will be continuously monitoring how to best of unreliable rail and underground transport are a assist in our national efforts. Working alongside my repeated source of frustration. There is a lack of access constituents, every arm of the Government, and people to affordable housing, a concern that has to be balanced from every walk of life and every corner of the United against the desire to protect the green belt and character Kingdom, we will do what we have always done—we of the area. There are pockets of poverty in a mostly will overcome adversity together. It is the greatest honour affluent area, resulting in associated social issues, including to serve my country in a time of need. Like those in my crime. Of course, we also have many excellent schools in position, here in this place, I will do everything I can. my constituency, including Merchant Taylors’ School Thank you, Madam Deputy Speaker, for indulging me and Berkhamsted School, but we need to ensure that during this debate. good education is accessible for all, not only the affluent. In the interests of my constituents and the rest of the 2.49 pm country, I proudly stand with my Government, who are dedicated to levelling up. This is not only about the Stephen Flynn (Aberdeen South) (SNP): I congratulate north; it is about everyone who is not born with advantage the hon. Member for South West Hertfordshire having access to excellent education, public services (Mr Mohindra) on his tremendous maiden speech— and visible role models, so that their aspirations and although it is a good few months since we were both ambitions are not stunted by circumstance. As we know elected, so where have you been, man? You should have in our hearts, talent does not discriminate and I, like been in this Chamber a long time ago. Some of us have many in my Government, am committed to ensuring obviously been shying away from our duties. that opportunity does not, either. I welcomed the measures Let me turn to more serious matters. It is important announced by my right hon. Friend the Chancellor for me to place on record my sincere gratitude to each specifically targeted at levelling up our country, including and every member of our health and social care service public sector relocations and more transport capital at this time. The work that they do the best of times investment outside London. I welcome the breaking of cannot be overstated, but in this unique circumstance the old, tired assumptions of what it means to be a we must all commend them. I know from first-hand modem Conservative and whom we represent. I stand experience—from my friends and direct close family here, proud to be a British Asian and to inhabit the who work in the care of others—that they do their work most diverse Parliament we have ever had. But diversity selflessly and with pride. I want them to know that we encompasses all manner of considerations, not just on these Benches are proud of their work. 841 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 842

[Stephen Flynn] The public sphere extends beyond individual citizens; it encapsulates businesses, too. We have heard from It is less than a week since the Chancellor came to the Members from all parties about how we have all been Dispatch Box and gave his first Budget, but the reality is inundated with concerns from businesses relating to the that the landscape in the United Kingdom is now much Prime Minister’s words yesterday advising individuals different. It seems almost inconsequential to be debating not to visit many of the hospitality venues on offer many of the finer details of the Budget given the throughout this United Kingdom. The reality is that ramifications of the ongoing coronavirus situation across words need to be met with action. Weneed the Government these isles, particularly when we bear in mind the fact to come forward today with real, clear action, and for that the Office for Budget Responsibility estimates did them to state that those businesses have to be closed, so not take into account the initial Government expending that companies and individuals can access the insurance in relation to dealing with the coronavirus, let alone that they require. what I expect to see come forward later today, but we We may even need to go further than that. As it can and must debate the Budget in full, because we still stands, the business rates relief that is on offer simply have the opportunity to encourage the Government to will not cut it. As we have heard from other Members— do so much more. indeed, my hon. Friend the Member for Stirling (Alyn On the topic of doing so much more, let me turn to Smith) mentioned it in a contribution earlier today—we an item—we heard about it from the hon. Member for need to look seriously at the possibility of the Government Middlesbrough (Andy McDonald), too—on which the becoming the insurer of last resort to protect all businesses Government must act: statutory sick pay. As my right throughout this United Kingdom, to ensure that no hon. Friend the Member for Ross, Skye and Lochaber business fails on our watch, either at this time or in the (Ian Blackford) stated last week, statutory sick pay is current months. currently £94.25. It pales into insignificance in comparison There is, of course, an opportunity for the Government to what is on offer in other European countries and to go one step further.The hon. Member for Middlesbrough world partners. In fact, I am a little frustrated at the fact said that, when it comes to multibillion-pound bail-outs, that, almost a week since the Budget was announced, many of which have been proposed by those in the we are still debating whether statutory sick pay needs to private sector in recent days, we should in all seriousness be increased. I was appalled by some of the comments I be looking at not necessarily bailing companies out but saw online from the Conservative hon. Member for Mid taking back the keys. That would not only give short-term Derbyshire (Mrs Latham), who, in response to concerns protection but provide a long-term benefit for this expressed by individuals about the £94.25 figure, stated country. There is so much that can be done for the that they should “Get a life”. Such comments are business community, and the Government need to think deeply unbecoming of any Member at this moment in seriously in that regard. time, and I expect a much better tone from the Government later today. I am conscious of the time, so I want to finish by talking about the north-east of Scotland. We are not If the Government are and continue to be unwilling just facing the coronavirus outbreak; we are also facing to increase the level of statutory sick pay, there is an the harsh reality that at 9 o’clock this morning the price alternative, which is to follow the suggestion of that of Brent crude oil was below $30 a barrel. That is bastion of socialism in the United States of America, completely unsustainable for the industry. In the Mitt Romney, and look into the introduction of a Chancellor’s Budget last week, there was not a peep in universal basic income. He wants each and every adult relation to oil and gas—not a single mention—despite in the United States to be given the equivalent of in the fact that the price has been plummeting for a excess of £200 each and every week while this crisis is number of weeks. There is a double whammy there and ongoing. Conservative Members might not agree with that industry in the north-east of Scotland needs to be me in this regard, but hopefully they will agree with one protected. of their own. If it is good enough for the United States of America, why is it not good enough for the United When the Government make their statement later Kingdom? today, we need and must see protections put in place for the public, and we need and must see protections put in If the answer is no to statutory sick pay and no to place for businesses. We must all come together to universal basic income, why not look across the channel ensure that the future prosperity of everyone on these at the measures that have been put in place in France by islands is protected. President Macron in relation to the suspension of gas, electricity, water and rent bills? Or why not look further 2.58 pm afield to New Zealand, where we have seen the doubling of the winter energy payment? If we are going to be Sir Robert Syms (Poole) (Con): I rise to support my asking individuals, particularly elderly and vulnerable right hon. Friend the Chancellor’s Budget. We are facing individuals, to spend a prolonged time in their homes in an unprecedented and very difficult situation, but we isolation, that is going to cost them, and many of them are better able to deal with it because of how the cannot afford to pay the price. We have to be willing—we Conservative party—including in our earlier coalition should be willing—to support them. That is particularly with the Liberal Democrats—has managed the economy. the case in my part of the world, the north-east of We need to give credit to George Osborne and Philip Scotland, where it is currently still Baltic. We cannot Hammond. Philip has taken a lot of criticism because ask people to stay in their houses without offering them of his views on Europe, but he was a fiscally conservative adequate support. In 2008, the UK Government bailed Chancellor. The fact that, even with the ONS adjustments, out the banks; my plea to the current UK Government the budget deficit will be under 2% this year gives us at is for them to bail out the public on this occasion. It is least some room for manoeuvre to deal with what is their moral duty to do so. going to be very difficult crisis. 843 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 844

I welcome the increase in investment in the Chancellor’s are being closed, people are staying at home, health Budget. I have always felt that we ought to be a bit more services are gearing up, and workplaces are being frozen French about big projects, because around some of down. Just two months ago, we had barely heard of those big projects, private enterprise can grow.Sometimes covid-19, and since then 6,500 people across the world railways, ports and airports are necessary for an economy have died from it. to grow.I also welcome the investment in roads—apparently In China, hundreds of millions of children are being buses as well as cars travel on roads. One of the quickest educated at home—some online. In Italy, people are ways to get an boost to the economy is to take the road building makeshift hospitals, even tents, to treat the network and to add value to it. We have invested sick. France has imposed a two-week lockdown, and billions in roads—in bypasses, extensions and so on. In Ireland has closed all its schools. The scale of the action some areas, resurfacing can make our roads a bit quieter. that countries are having to take to deal with this global Those are quite useful things for the Government to be crisis feels overwhelming, and we are just at the start. doing, and they will provide a quicker hit than HS2 and Nothing will be normal for very many months, and all other projects, which are far more long term. of us will have to face up to that in our communities, in In speaking in this debate, I am particularly pleased our workplaces, and in families across the country. That to follow my hon. Friend the Member for South West means that, right now, many people are feeling very Hertfordshire (Mr Mohindra), who made a wonderful worried. Parents are worried about whether to send start in addressing this Chamber. He said that he was their kids to school. Pensioners are worried about whether dyslexic. There are at least two Tory Cabinet Ministers they should be going to the shops. Their sons and who have been dyslexic, so he should take that as a sign daughters are worried about whether they should be of hope for his future career after his fine start. visiting them. Cinema and pub staff are just worried I have been in this Chamber a while, and can say that about whether they are about to lose their jobs, and there have been a number of occasions when one has many will be facing exactly that fear this week. Self- been debating a subject with the full knowledge that, at employed contractors are at a loss because their business 7 o’clock in the evening, somebody else will make a is drying up and small businesses fear that their life’s statement that will totally change the terms of the work and savings are about to be lost. Commuters are debate. I welcome the fact that the Chancellor will be worried about travelling by bus, train or tube. Doctors, here at 7 o’clock, and I think that we all expect other nurses and NHS staff and social care staff are in measures to be announced. distress about the life-and-death decisions they know they Most economic downturns happen steadily and gradually may have to make on our behalf. over a number of quarters. Businesses can manage the The immediate challenge for Government in the face change, but what has happened recently—sometimes of this is to provide some urgent answers, urgent overnight—is that the business model has been destroyed. interventions, and urgent reassurances so that we can What we need to do, certainly for the next three months, stop the anxiety, the panic and the hardship growing, is keep all those businesses in a situation from which and so that we can stop a national crisis becoming they can recover and prosper. That will require a lot of millions of separate family crises across the country. We money and a lot of creative effort, but I am sure that the can rise to that challenge, but we need to do so now. Government are up to it. I look forward to hearing That means answering some very practical questions. what the Chancellor is going to say at 7 pm. For example, people have contacted me following the As I have said, we are in a much better position because advice that was given yesterday, asking, “What should of some of the things that we have done in the past. We people do if someone in the family has serious health had a big debate over austerity in 2010, and, you know conditions, but they are doing a job that cannot be done what, we won it and we won the general election. We from home?” Those jobs may be in distribution, in had a debate in 2015, and, you know what, we won it. retail, in education, or working in schools. They may be We had a debate in 2017, and we just about won it, and in policing, or they may be doing countless important we had a debate in 2019 and we won it again. I am jobs across the country. Should they go to work? Should perfectly content for the Labour party to argue with us they send their kids to school? on these terms, because it is 4-0 so far and, from what I I have been contacted by one mum who is suffering can see, it will certainly be 5-0 if Labour does not accept from cancer and who wants to be able to keep her that the British people understand that, sometimes, the daughter at home. She and others need support and books have to be balanced. advice. What are the plans to deliver care, food and I hope that we use the economic scope that we have supplies for those who are going to be at home? Crucially, to provide the firepower to get the businesses through we will need urgent assurances that no one will lose the next two or three months. I am confident that the their home, and that everyone will be able to pay their Government are doing the right thing in terms of what bills to feed their kids and to keep their families going. is a very difficult wicket. I am confident that the We look forward to the response from the Chancellor fundamentals of our economy are sound, but what we later today so that we can know that, whatever the must not do is let good sound businesses be knocked changes in our lives that are going to be needed, we can down because of a short-term difficulty. strain every sinew to keep important services going. That means getting some immediate commitments for substantial financial support for families. We all know 3.3 pm that the current system of universal credit, of statutory Yvette Cooper (Normanton, Pontefract and Castleford) sick pay or of any of those tinkering measures just will (Lab): We have seen nothing like this in our lifetimes. not cut it. If the Government try to use them, all they We are in a situation where six days after hearing the will do is expose even further the weaknesses and failings Budget, it is already out of date. We are at a time when, in our welfare system and our social insurance system across the world, aeroplanes are being grounded, borders that are already causing huge hardship. Quite simply, 845 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 846

[Yvette Cooper] has said that that is what he wants to see, but we need the same kind of national effort for which the Prime those systems will not be able to take the strain. There needs Minister has rightly called to produce ventilators across to be substantial, unconditional support, so that people the country. We need a massive scaling up of testing. can pay their rents, their mortgages and their bills, The World Health Organisation has said, “test, test, because food banks will not be able to fill those gaps. test” and Those urgent assurances and interventions are essential “You cannot fight a fire blindfolded”. if we are to address people’s anxieties and concerns, That is what we need. I have heard from consultants particularly in relation to family finances and family who say that in some hospitals three quarters of elderly health. There is a much bigger task, which is to shift our care consultants are self-isolating and cannot gain access shared mindset from anxiety to action to ensure that we to tests to find out whether in fact they are fine and can are not just all overwhelmed by alarm when we have get back to work, where they are urgently needed. If we practical tasks ahead of us, and when we need to focus rely on the information from hospitals to tell us what is on the practical things that can be done and must be happening on the scale of the spread we will be two done to come through this together. There is little time weeks behind the curve. We cannot afford to do that. for any of us to absorb or assimilate the scale of the changes We need to learn from what South Korea did, with a that will be made in all of our lives this year, so that we massive mobilisation effort. can get through this, but we have to get on with it. If the spread is accelerating, keeping schools running Incredible work is already under way. People have as normal is going to become impossible and seriously already paid tribute to NHS staff who are preparing for unwise. Given the reports from London hospitals about the task ahead. We should also pay tribute to emergency rising numbers of covid-19 cases coming in through planners in our local councils, in social care services, in A&E, and reports that we are three weeks behind Italy, businesses, in food distribution systems and in voluntary we should ask ourselves what would Italy have done groups across the country. They are already preparing three weeks ago if it had known? That is what we have and planning for the challenges that we face and those to face, and it means that we need urgent plans to be in huge changes that we will need to make. It will need place now on how to close or scale down schools while calm leadership, clear communication, frankness about keeping parents and vital services in work; while stopping how difficult some things are going to be, but firmness grandparents being drawn into childcare and being about our ability to come through this, about our exposed to the virus; and while supporting families who resilience and strength, and about our ability to work depend on free school meals as well as those who have together in extraordinary ways. In the end, we may be safeguarding risks. This is urgent. grateful that we are also the generation that now The Budget was designed around the old strategy of communicates so much online, and that has different mitigate and manage, or tinkering with sick pay and ways to hold our families together, to communicate and staff absence. We are way past that point. Entire sectors to work. Some of those new technologies will make it such as travel, leisure and hospitality cannot function at easier to address new challenges than perhaps would a social distance. There are 1.9 million jobs in catering, have been the case 10 or 20 years ago. It also means that restaurants, pubs and coffee shops. There are more than the Government must address the scale of the task, and half a million jobs in hotels and holiday accommodation. it does not feel as if they are doing so yet. I do not Those sectors are not sustainable, given the way in blame Ministers for struggling to keep up with this, which we are going to have to operate and live our lives because in the early stages of the financial crisis it took for at least the next few months. How we support those time—often precious time—to realise the magnitude of sectors and people who work in them is crucial. what was happening and the scale of previously unthinkable Other sectors such as social care and food distribution things that had to be done to turn it round. We do not need to grow and change to meet community needs. have that time now. Communities will have to support one another, but we cannot just stand back and hope that the free market It is good that the Government seem to have shifted will solve the systemic challenges that we face. Emergency strategy in the light of evidence from Imperial College, planning will be needed, as well as intervention and which confirms what the WHO, epidemiologists and funding on a scale that the Government would never public health experts from other countries have been normally contemplate. I hope that as well as talking saying for some time, and which shows that the objective more about emergency funding for the NHS,the Chancellor should be suppression of the virus, because the number will announce a big injection of emergency investment of lives that would be lost by pursuing a mitigation or for local authorities so that they can support public herd immunity strategy would be far too great. Again, it health, emergency planning, housing, family support, feels as if the Government still have to do more to shift social care and children’s services, which are now our to that new strategy in practice. For example, we are still crucial community actors, and which urgently need to only being advised to go to the pub—advised not to go take on more staff to deliver the changes needed. We to the pub. [Interruption.] If only! It feels as if we are need sectoral plans, to make sure that we still have only being advised, and it feels as if Ministers are being something as simple as community pubs, which can open a little too squeamish to tell us what they need us to do, again when the crisis is over. and to tell the pubs what they need to do. My message This will be a challenge. We all know and fear that to Ministers is, frankly, “Get over it,” because there are those who are on the lowest incomes will be hardest hit, an awful lot more things that they are going to have to which will be a challenge for all of us. But we can do tell us to do before the crisis is over. this, and we have the strength, resilience, ingenuity and It does not feel as if there is a proper strategy for ideas. We will have to pull everyone together, not push testing yet—a proper plan massively to gear up the people apart. We will have to do things in new ways, number of tests that we need. The chief scientific adviser including doing politics in different ways—pulling people 847 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 848 together and facing up to the sheer scale of what needs never walked again. He became severely disabled. With to change. Politics has to stop being the art of the my brother and sister both away from home, I provided possible and become the art of the apparently impossible, support to both my parents at this relatively young age. so that we can come through this together. That made me acutely aware of the need to support carers and of the challenges faced by both carers and Several hon. Members rose— the disabled people they look after. I eventually became Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Eleanor Laing): I am a mental health nursing assistant and worked for the very pleased to call, to make his maiden speech, Ian Levy. NHS—a role I had and loved for over 20 years. My political journey began in 2016, when I became 3.15 pm fed up with the state of my home town and some of the Ian Levy (Blyth Valley) (Con): Thank you, Madam long-running problems that he area faced. After many Deputy Speaker. I give my sincere sympathy to anyone months of my complaining, my long-suffering wife affected by the coronavirus. Maureen told me, “Ian—shut up or do something about it!”Recognising that I needed to act if I wanted to improve It is with immense pride that I take my place in the things, I wrote to the then Prime Minister David Cameron, Chamber and make my maiden speech as the first joined the Conservative party and started working for Conservative Member of Parliament for Blyth Valley what I believed would be a better future for Blyth since the seat was created in 1950. I pay tribute to my Valley. Looking back at my journey now, I am honoured predecessor, Ronnie Campbell, who began serving Blyth and proud—as well as mildly surprised—to find myself Valley in Parliament in 1987. While we had many political representing the area I call home down here in Westminster. differences, he sought to represent the people of Blyth I give my sincerest thanks to all those who helped and well, and I am honoured to take over that role. It is a supported me—from my agent Richard Wearmouth, remarkable area and I will do all that I can to ensure my family, my friends and my NHS colleagues at Willow that its people and their concerns and aspirations are View, where I worked for many years, to the people who heard here in Westminster. helped both during my campaign and since. I believe Blyth is, of course, the main town, which gives its that my election proves that the Conservative party is name to the constituency. My family have farmed the one of real opportunity: it does not matter if you are land there for generations, and Blyth is part of my DNA. the Eton-educated son of an earl, a council gravedigger It is a town steeped in history, but one that is dynamic or a nursing assistant with the NHS—if you have a and forward looking. It was a submarine port during passion for improving things for people, then you are both world wars; the place where the world’s first purpose- welcomed with both arms. built aircraft carrier, the Ark Royal, was launched in The people of Blyth Valley voted for change in December 1915; and, not forgetting, the home of Blyth Spartans 2019. They share my ambition to energise the town football club. I am so proud to wear their tie today. centre through the future high streets fund and a Blyth Built on coalmining and shipbuilding, Blyth is now at town deal and to connect our towns and communities the forefront of developing renewable energy technologies. with a new rail link and an improved road network. The port of Blyth will continue to play an important They want to support our industries and ensure that role in trade after Brexit. our children in Blyth Valley have the skills to secure Cramlington, also in my constituency, is the former employment in a thriving local business and they want home of the No. 36 Defence Squadron, which protected to see a revolution in green technology. The people of the north of England during the first world war, and Blyth Valley will rise to the challenges and opportunities one of the new towns that were built across the UK in that our departure from the EU—and that is what they the 1960s. This comparatively young town has a fantastic voted for—will bring. For those reasons, I am proud to community spirit and residents have made their mark in support this Budget: a Budget that recognises our country’s so many areas, including sports, the arts and industry. I priorities and gives communities such as Blyth Valley particularly enjoyed a visit to the Blagdon amateur the opportunity to thrive as we strive to make our way dramatic society panto earlier this year—hon. Members as world leaders of the future. are supposed to say, “Oh no you didn’t!” I was very impressed by the talents of that group of young people. Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Rosie Winterton): It A number of villages, including Holywell, New Hartley, is a pleasure to call Ian Byrne to make his maiden speech. Seghill, Seaton Sluice and Seaton Delaval are also found in the area, which is more generally known as Seaton 3.21 pm valley. With its beautiful coastal scenes and stunning Ian Byrne (Liverpool, West Derby) (Lab): It is an countryside, Seaton valley illustrates why Northumberland immense privilege to stand in the House today as the is one of the most beautiful places in the north not just Member of Parliament for Liverpool, West Derby—the to live but to visit. Home to Arrighi’s café since 1925— community that made me. With the coronavirus pandemic without doubt, it sells the best ice cream in the UK, at sweeping across the globe, this is a worrying time for the least according to my wife, who visits regularly on people we represent across this House. In light of that, Sundays—it is also the birthplace of Captain William the speech I deliver today will be very different from the Smith, who discovered Antarctica on a worldwide voyage one I wrote three weeks ago. on his Blyth-built ship, The Williams. I would like to start by thanking my predecessor, I started my working life in Blyth market when I was Stephen Twigg, for the service he gave to West Derby 13. Leaving school at 16, I worked for the council as a constituency during his time in this House. I have heard gravedigger. Back then, we had to dig the graves by from many people first hand what a good constituency hand; there were no machines to do the job. When I was MP and excellent parliamentarian Stephen was, and I 21, the family suffered a major setback: my dad was am sure the House will join me in wishing him every knocked off his motorbike by a hit-and-run driver, and success in his post-parliamentary career. 849 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 850

[Ian Byrne] conditions as a trade union organiser for Unite the union. Now, as we face the coronavirus pandemic, I The constituency of Liverpool, West Derby has many would like to express my unreserved gratitude to all our notable sons and daughters, including Bessie Braddock, NHS staff for their dedication and courage. This pandemic the formidable former Labour MP, who lived with her clearly demonstrates how free health and social care is husband Jack on Zig Zag Road in West Derby in 1942. not a cost, but a precious and crucial asset when fate West Derby is home to The Casbah coffee club—a comes calling. The Government must rise to this challenge. legendary venue that played a huge role in the formation We must act now to support those who need us. In the of the world’s greatest band: the Beatles. immediate term, we need a rescue package for working-class Continuing the theme of world class, as an avid people and communities with the same scale and urgency Liverpool fan it would be remiss of me not to mention as the bail-out of the banks. our legendary former manager and great socialist, Bill The first duty of any Government is to protect their Shankly, who lived in West Derby opposite Liverpool’s people, so the Government must adopt clear commitments Melwood training ground. The constituency is also the to prioritise human need—that no one will lose their birthplace of currently the best right-back in the world: home, no one will be plunged into hardship, and no one Trent Alexander-Arnold. Wehave, in our current manager will go hungry as a result of a virus that is not their Jurgen Klopp, a man who is showing more leadership fault. I say to the Government that now is not the time and wisdom off the pitch during this crisis than some of for half-measures. They should guarantee decent sick our world leaders. pay for all workers, suspend rent, mortgage and utility I grew up in West Derby in the ’70s, against a backdrop bills, make private healthcare facilities available for our of de-industrialisation and Thatcher’s Government. NHS rent-free, ban evictions, end sanctions, scrap the Labelled “the hardest nut to crack” by the Tories and five-week wait for universal credit and consider rolling earmarked for “managed decline”, the Liverpool I grew out a basic income. up in knew the despair of joblessness and economic We cannot leave it to the whims and the warped deprivation. It was a city on the brink—but one that dared priorities of the market. Only bold state intervention to fight back. I am proud that, 35 years on, Liverpool’s will see us through this crisis, if only we had the political red wall stands firm. People in our city know that will to act. Our demand must be an end to the broken Liverpool City Council has £436 million less to spend political and economic model of the last 40 years. The per year now than it did in 2010—that same council will reversal of the Thatcher doctrine will never be more be straining every sinew to keep its people’s heads above critical than in the coming weeks, because there is such water, despite being hollowed out by cuts. thing as society, and we must shape that society to place On 15 April 1989, at 17 years of age, I was in Leppings the health and needs of its people above the interests of Lane at the FA cup semi-final at Hillsborough. What profit. That is what socialism is. That is what humanity happened that day, the aftermath and the smears against is, and without that we are nothing. the families, survivors and the people of our city have profoundly shaped my life and my politics. The 30-year Several hon. Members rose— fight for truth and justice serves as a reminder that when we pull together the power of the people is greater Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Rosie Winterton): It than the people in power. However, it should not have is a pleasure to call Mark Logan to make his maiden taken that fight to prove it. Our justice system still speech. denies bereaved families a level playing field when they 3.29 pm are taking on public authorities or the state. That is why we need the Hillsborough law to ensure that working-class Mark Logan (Bolton North East) (Con): Thank you, people have access to the same tools that are available to Madam Deputy Speaker, for calling me to speak in this the powerful. most important of debates on the Budget, especially as We now know that austerity was a political choice. I it regards levelling up. I congratulate the hon. Member know the human cost all too well. In 2015, I teamed up for Liverpool, West Derby (Ian Byrne) on his maiden with my Evertonian mates Dave and Robbie to co-found speech. Fans Supporting Foodbanks, a grassroots initiative that Quite a few of us on the Government Benches stand puts football fans at the heart of the fight against food up and, before opening our mouths, have great visions poverty. What started with three fans standing with a of sounding thoroughly Churchillian. But with as strong wheelie bin collecting tins of food outside the pub on a Boltonian accent as mine, I will not be trying too hard match days now supplies 30% of all donations to North to imitate Churchill today. [Laughter.] This is the greenest Liverpool Foodbank and has become an operation that of days: St Patrick’s Day. For many an evening, I looked stretches from Glasgow to London to Dublin. We have out on to the falling sun on Mount Slemish in my united people of different backgrounds, different faiths birthplace of Ballymena, the home of St Patrick. and even people who wear different colours at the game, Indeed, these Benches are green, a colour evoking because our problems were not caused by other working- camouflage—a colour that is restful, harmonious and class people, but by a rigged system propped up by the self-effacing, and a colour of modesty and humility. I born-to-rule elite who only represent the interests of the got that from Parliament’s intranet, in the hope of 1%—a system that means 1.6 million people need help sounding cultured. You see, Madam Deputy Speaker, from a food bank in one of the richest countries on the people of Bolton North East are a self-effacing and earth. I am here in Parliament to challenge that system. very humble people who none the less have a proud In West Derby, we are also immensely proud of our history,producing some of the greats like Bolton-educated two world-class hospitals, Broadgreen Hospital and Sir Ian McKellen, and home to the magnificent Hall i’ Alder Hey Children’s Hospital. I am proud to have th’ Wood Museum and the historic St Maxentius church organised workers in both hospitals for better pay and in Bradshaw. 851 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 852

My predecessor, Sir David Crausby, was elected in partnerships. Bolton’s fortunes, much like the ebbs and 1997, and he has many admirers in both Bolton and flows of international relations, experienced one of Westminster. Sir David led on many campaigns, including their first highs with the advent of the spinning mule, to help save Bolton’s fire stations and, over many years, but once we get through this current ebb, another high being a voice for improving railway services for the town. point is beckoning. I know that the House will join me in wishing Sir David This Government are committed to levelling up, and and his family all the best. Bolton is once again the epicentre of this. You see, Despite being thrown into a global crisis at the beginning Madam Deputy Speaker,we are a creative people, curious of 2020, I believe that, as a nation, we must aspire to and always finding new ways of overcoming old problems. pull through together. It was aspiration in the midst of For example, the Radic8 company in my constituency is the post-world war crisis that led the United Kingdom using innovative technology designed specifically for to found the NHS—an aspiration that we have the protecting people with weak or compromised immune breadth of shoulders to shoulder every one of our systems against airborne viruses. fellow countrymen in time of need. This virus is causing Often, Bolton North East’s businesses have a special a global crisis, yet I can feel that aspiration in every one feature: you pay a few pounds, and then you add a few of my fellow Members, irrespective of which side of the pounds to your waistline. There is Shahi Bakers on House they sit on. I, you, we represent our 66 million Blackburn Road, an area of much diversity, where I people’s united aspiration for security, prosperity, quality almost ate myself into oblivion on Friday past—it was of life and a dynamic, exciting future. For that is why we that good—or like the week before, when I nibbled on a are here. This is why Parliament exists. pizza flavour traditional pie at Empieor. Both of these When I think of aspiration, I recall the aspiration of small businesses are brand-new in Bolton, and even the young lad at Eden Boys’ School in Halliwell to though I did not spend a single pound in either—the become head boy and lead his fellow students into a freebies of being an MP—the owner of the pie shop was new digital age. I think of the aspiration of a group of ecstatic that the Chancellor spent a few quid in last week’s early-20s fellas, yearning for more from a society that Budget. they felt had let them down and branded them as It would be remiss of me to skip arguably Bolton useless—yet few more stimulating conversations was I North East’s most successful export, Warburtons bakery, part of during the winter campaign. You, the young people which once featured Sylvester Stallone in an advert. I in Tonge with the Haulgh, can help build our future. never thought I would be quoting Rocky Balboa and I have been deeply impressed by the aspiration of “Eye of the Tiger” in Parliament today: Sharples School in Astley Bridge, which goes by the motto “Don’t lose your grip on the dreams of the past “Learn, dream, achieve”, and St Catherine’s Academy in Breightmet, who impressed on me, “We aren’t just You must fight just to keep them alive”. teaching kids; we are bettering our local community.” Metaphorically,we must fight to keep our Union alive—our The collective aspiration of the people of Bolton united aspiration. North East is manifested in our ambitious town Our institutions have taken a bit of a battering of regeneration vision—not so much a project, but a blueprint late, yet it has also been in times of adversity that our for the future of the UK’s largest town. It is spearheaded most integral of institutions, the Union of the United by the leader of Bolton Council, who represents Bromley Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, has Cross and who I personally thank, along with my local shone. You see, Madam Deputy Speaker, I spoke earlier association, for taking a punt on me. I was glad to enjoy of looking out on to St Patrick’s Slemish mountain, but the luck of St Patrick in winning the election by an only a few miles east over the glens of Antrim, I looked almighty 378 votes! I aspire to work hard to make our in awe, many a time, across the Irish sea at western vision of a regenerated, prosperous town, and the required Scotland towards the mull of Kintyre. At our closest Metrolink from Bolton to Manchester, a reality. point, it is only 12 miles away, and I say build that You see, Madam Deputy Speaker, Bolton North East bridge! I say that in the spirit of aspiration, similar to was once the epicentre of the textile revolution. Samuel my belief that we can lead the world in science, and I Crompton was born in what is known today as Crompton welcome the Chancellor’s increased spending for science ward. As the British inventor of the spinning mule, and innovation in the Budget equalling £22 billion. We which permitted large-scale manufacture of high-quality can continue to be a real success story that others look thread and yarn, he had a decisive impact on the to with admiration and a desire to emulate. British—and, by extension, the world—economy.Where, I am incredibly honoured and excited to represent the might you ask, is my connection to the land of the hard-working people of Bolton North East. Even though spinning mule? Well, I was at one time the spinning I am not necessarily Bolton-born, you could say I am mule of the Foreign Office in east China, serving as “Bolton bread”—and that at the very least, for the chief spokesman at the British consulate in Shanghai, future of Bolton North East and our Union of united and spinning the yarns of the coalition Government to aspiration, it is time for me to earn more than just my help build relationships with an emerging superpower. mere crust. For an extended period of time, I had a front row seat in the story of the 21st century: the re-emergence of China and of the Asian region more broadly, or in Chinese—if 3.39 pm I am permitted—wo cengjing qinyan kandao zhongguo Stephen Kinnock (Aberavon) (Lab): It is a pleasure to de jueqi. follow the hon. Member for Bolton North East (Mark I encourage ambition, entrepreneurship and innovation Logan), and I particularly congratulate him on that bit in my own country. I believe in Britain, and I believe we in Mandarin, which was blatant showing off. Nevertheless, can benefit from the rise of Asia through trade and it was quite impressive. 853 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 854

[Stephen Kinnock] of the need to focus on local political autonomy.Whitehall simply cannot plan the economy of a distant area; it As the country struggles to deal with a global health must devolve more power everywhere,not just via piecemeal pandemic, the very structure and foundations of our city devolution deals. We also need a locally based economy are coming into focus. Today’s debate is an finance industry. It was a huge mistake for the Bank of important opportunity not just to talk about how we England to force the merger of regional banks, because deal with the immediate impact of the virus, but to local knowledge is essential in knowing where to lend. consider the foundations and structure of our economy. We need locally organised business communities that We must build resilience. We know that this shock will work closely in lockstep with locally based college education. not be the last that our economy faces, and we need to Local youth should be trained in pertinent skills, which build an economy that is able to absorb and bounce in turn will help the surrounding firms. For example, back from future shocks. German tertiary education has much stronger links with The introduction of the Government’sso-called levelling local business. up agenda reflects what many economists, politicians For a decade, the Conservatives have failed those who and commentators have recognised for many years: the do not go to university. Far from reviving vocational gross inequalities that exist in the UK economy are, in education, the Government have poured money into no small part, down to where someone is born. Tackling universities which, as well as failing to defend free speech, regional inequality must be central to any strategy to have loaded students with debt, and too often failed to create a fairer Britain. provide them with anysignificant return on their investment. In London, Britain plays home to the richest area in That cycle must be broken and must change. the whole of northern Europe, but the UK is also home The Government must also support the clusters of to the five poorest regions in northern Europe, with industries emerging around the UK—steel and clean west Wales and the valleys the poorest of all. In 2016, energy in south Wales, tech in Cambridge, chemicals in average incomes in London were 77% higher than the Hull and metals in Yorkshire, for instance. We need a UK average, which is as staggering as it is unsustainable. comprehensive and integrated policy agenda. Investing We need a commitment from Government that they will in transport is important, but it will not suffice. A bridge the widening gap between our cities and our towns. continuation of the city-centric model will lead to more The economic story of the past 40 years has been one social damage and increasing travel congestion, and will of a job market that has shifted from manufacturing to do nothing to green our economy. services, boosting metropolitan cities, but leaving industrial The most critical part of rebalancing our economy towns bereft of opportunity, wealth, power, investment, has to be a commitment to a modern manufacturing and a sense of security.Workplaces have changed beyond renaissance. UK manufacturing has been in decline for recognition, with productive and meaningful industrial decades, dropping from 30% of GDP in the 1970s to a work evaporating, and high streets being ripped up due meagre 9% today. That is very much a political choice; it to rapid technological change. A winner-takes-all post-18 is not an act of God. Germany’s manufacturing base education system has whisked certain young people off has remained strong, at more than 20% of GDP, thanks to university, but delivered nothing for the individuals to proactive Government support and a proactive industrial and communities left behind. All that has been compounded strategy. Its economy is more resilient as a result. by a decade of self-defeating Tory austerity—a party Of course, any UK manufacturing renaissance must that responded to seismic shifts in the global economy be underpinned by a thriving UK steel industry. Steel is by treating industrial areas with a toxic mix of indifference the backbone of the British economy. It is not a sunset and incompetence. industry but a 21st century industry that continues to Now, for electoral reasons, the Conservatives have underpin our entire manufacturing base, from defence put levelling up front and centre of their agenda. They to aerospace, and our everyday lives, from the houses know that their success in keeping hold of leave voters we live in to the offices we work in and the trains, buses in the north, the midlands and parts of Wales will be and cars we travel in—including the electric vehicles of largely dependent on how they manage to transfer the future. Steel jobs are well-paid manufacturing jobs, wealth and opportunity in those directions. That aim is offering people in so-called left-behind communities worthy in itself, but will the strategy succeed when the real opportunities in life, yet the Chancellor’s Budget motives are skin deep? did nothing to address the sky-high energy costs that Let us look at the baby steps that the Conservatives are crippling the steel industry—UK steelmakers pay made with this Budget. Commitments on improving 80% more for their energy than their French counterparts infrastructure and devolving power to city Mayors are —or to tackle the extortionate business rates that are central to the Chancellor’s promises, but we get the crippling our industry. sense that this Budget is really a continuation of the If the UK Government are serious about levelling up, city-centric model on which the British economy is steel simply must be front and centre of that strategy. based, and which has failed our economy and country Without its steel backbone, the British economy will for far too long. There is plenty to say about Leeds; not not be able to stand up, let alone level up. There is still that much about Leigh. Policies for Birmingham; pittance no word on the UK shared prosperity fund, which will for Bassetlaw.As a country we must be far more ambitious replace EU development funding from 2021. The clock in tackling regional equality, as well as the gaping chasm is ticking, but there is still no sign of the consultation on that exists between our towns and our cities. that fund, which the Government promised at the end The likes of economist Paul Collier, the Institute for of 2018. Public Policy Research and the Industrial Communities Levelling up cannot just be a buzzword. Getting Alliance have each identified important levers for the Brexit done is already starting to come unstuck, with levelling up agenda. Across the board there is recognition the Prime Minister’s “oven-ready deal” seemingly stuck 855 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 856 at the back of the frozen food section. The levelling up Ashbourne are established agricultural market towns, agenda must not be left to thaw, and neither must it whereas Wirksworth, Bonsall, Monyash and Tideswell come out of the oven half-baked. We need a whole-nation were centres of lead-mining. The population lies mainly industrial strategy that actually reaches places such as along the River Derwent. Aberavon—one that goes beyond the city-centric model I am proud to state that there is a very clear connection laid out in the Budget and begins to reunite our deeply between my constituency and this place. It is said that divided country. Henry Yevele, from the village of Yeaveley in the south of the Derbyshire Dales, did for English architecture Several hon. Members rose— what Chaucer did for English literature. He built the Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Rosie Winterton): It Jewel Tower across the road from this place and helped is a pleasure to call Sarah Dines to make her maiden to remodel, reface and reroof Westminster Hall, as well speech. as much of Westminster Abbey and Canterbury Cathedral. He used Derbyshire stone in his projects—this is of 3.48 pm national significance—just as it was used several hundred years later when Birchover gritstone was used as load- Miss Sarah Dines (Derbyshire Dales) (Con): Thank bearing columns in the construction of Portcullis House. you, Madam Deputy Speaker, for the opportunity to The flagstones for Trafalgar Square, Hyde Park Corner make this speech today. It is an important day in our and the Thames Embankment also came from the history. Derbyshire Dales. I am told that one of the few pleasures—perhaps the My constituency can also lay claim to be the home of only pleasure—in making a maiden speech is that it the vigorous contact sport similar to the game of British affords you the opportunity to thank your predecessor. bulldog so beloved of my right hon. Friend the Prime It is none the less daunting for someone who has sat in Minister. The Royal Shrovetide football match is a this House for only a number of weeks to attempt to game played annually on Shrove Tuesday and Ash review the long career of Sir Patrick McLoughlin, who Wednesday in the town of Ashbourne since the 1600s. It spent 33 years in this place, 30 of them on the Front is played with a hand-sewn leather ball throughout the Benches. Sir Patrick is much loved in the constituency. entire town, in its streets, fields and waterways, with He assiduously balanced working hard on his constituents’ sometimes more than 5,000 people divided into two behalf with serving as a constant figure nationally. I am teams made up of those born north of Henmore Brook, very grateful to him personally both for going out of his the Up’Ards, and those born south of it, the proud way to help me settle into the constituency and for Down’Ards. The game is played over eight hours and coming out on the campaign with me so often during the goals are three miles apart. It can be best described the general election. He left big shoes—or, in the case of as a huge moving scrum with very few rules, the first Derbyshire and the rain of December, big wellington and earliest of which is “no murder”. I know that the boots—to fill. Prime Minister is not averse to a rough and tumble, and In the course of my research, I had the chance to read I cordially invite him to come and possibly participate, “Chance Witness”, the memoirs of another of my incognito, should he wish to come next Shrovetide. distinguished predecessors, Matthew Parris. I strongly recommend it to all Members of this House, particularly Speaking of Ashbourne, I give notice to my friends new Members. He made several observations about the on the Front Bench that they will be hearing a lot about place. The book provides salient lessons for a life in the Ashbourne bypass, which we desperately need. It is politics, not the least of which is about the dangers of a project of tremendous national strategic interest, because assumption. While a Member,Matthew Parris courageously it services the quarries that provide minerals that are argued for the reform of sexual offences legislation, mined only in this particular constituency.Weare fortunate calling, for example, for the abolition of the penalty of to have many buildings of national significance in the imprisonment for the crime of prostitution. As part of constituency, including Chatsworth, Haddon, Sudbury his campaign, he invited a coachload of prostitutes to and Kedleston, as well as Tissington, said by some to be address a relevant Select Committee. At the appointed the prettiest village in Derbyshire. In the words of that time, he entered Central Lobby to meet his guests. He famous Chief Whip, Francis Urquhart, I could not possibly cast his eye over those present and went up to a promising comment. group of women and asked, “Are you the prostitutes Derbyshire Dales has long been noted for economic from Birmingham?” There followed, as he described, innovation. We must not forget our historic traditional “an awful silence”. “No,” came back the response. They roots as we stand in these difficult times. It was the were, in fact, a west midlands Catholic women’s group. Silicon Valley of the 18th century. Richard Arkwright [Laughter.] built the first water-powered cotton-spinning mill at It is a very great privilege to be standing here as the Cromford in 1771, using waterpower provided by the hon. Member for the Derbyshire Dales and the fast-flowing streams. Inspired by the factory system constituency’s first woman Member to boot. It is a large pioneered by Arkwright, John Smedley, the knitwear constituency of outstanding beauty: 377 square miles in company, was founded in 1784 by John Smedley at Lea size, most of which stands within the Peak District Mills in Matlock. This factory, at over 230 years, is the national park. It is bigger than several vocal European world’s oldest continuous manufacturing factory in the countries. The four main towns are Ashbourne, Bakewell, country. It inspires generations of local families with its Matlock and Wirksworth and it includes over 100 villages. good practices of employer-employee relationships. In large part, it is made up of rolling landscapes, green Derbyshire Dales was also the home of Florence valleys and ragged moorland, and it is inhabited by Nightingale, the godmother of nursing in Britain and fierce, independent and proud Derbyshire men and internationally. I do not forget agriculture, tourism, women, the backbone of this country. Bakewell and quarrying and mining. These are all vital aspects and 857 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 858

[Miss Sarah Dines] blueprint for change. Her vision socially and economically enfranchised millions of individuals across our country, activities of the district. I will do everything I can to presenting them with opportunities unavailable to previous support those communities and the farming communities, generations. I am one of those people. This country needs which are the backbone of the economy. to continue to level up. Derbyshire Dales is mineral rich. It has a long history For example, vocational guidance at my comprehensive of mining and quarrying. It shaped the landscape that school scoffed at my stated ambition to become a built Britain over centuries. The Longcliffe quarries in barrister, suggesting hairdressing instead. I pushed back the constituency provide key materials that we need at that arbitrary ceiling for girls and women then, just nationally for all sorts of manufacturing and capital projects. as I now push for the levelling up at the heart of the Also in the Derbyshire Dales are a variety of other Prime Minister’s vision for our country. I believe in the world-class businesses ranging from family firms to free markets, free trade, rule of law and meritocracy that artisan businesses and creative entrepreneurs. As a new made this country the greatest nation in the world. candidate, I was duty bound to sample the world-famous I am humbled to stand here today in this Chamber, Bakewell pudding, Derbyshire oatcakes and outstanding which has echoed with the speeches of many great English cheeses, such as Dovedale Blue, Hartington Stilton people, including my hero Margaret Thatcher, and the and Peakland White, all washed down by a variety of largely unsung heroes, such as Airey Neave, Ian Gow— local beers, including Chatsworth Gold and Bakewell both tragically assassinated—and others, who paved Best. Some had to be sampled several times, I am afraid. her way. Another example of the bespoke businesses in the My politics are simple: I am instinctively cautious of Derbyshire Dales is the exquisite jewellery made by the the encroachment of the state into the lives of everyday world-class creative designer Jane Orton, an example of people. I believe that George Washington—an Englishman which I am immensely proud to be wearing today. born in America, of course—got it right when he observed Moving swiftly on, I was honoured to attend a large that government, like fire, is both a fearful master and a Remembrance Day parade of those proud people in dangerous servant. It is our duty as legislators to act as Derbyshire Dales, just two days after I was selected. In an ever-vigilant fire brigade keeping government in so doing, we honoured the men and women of the check and dampening down its innately incendiary armed services, many from Derbyshire, who lost their tendencies. lives in the service of our country. It falls on us to protect The Prime Minister has spoken of the importance of their reputation in the face of opportunistic and vexatious levelling up and I, for one, could not agree more. In so prosecutions. doing, the Conservative party would rightly claim the The security of this great country is not only entrusted mantle of other historic movements, such as the Levellers to our gallant armed forces. We are also protected by of the 1640s and 1650s—the blue collar Conservatives our intelligence and security services, which are often of their day—whose free-market and social radicalism the unsung heroes of battles fought in the twilight and indelibly shaped so much of the parliamentary system dark, and in the cold. One hero in that field was and rights that we have today. Their vision might have Sir Maurice Oldfield, the seventh director of the Secret been too much for the Lord Protector, Oliver Cromwell, Intelligence Service back in the days when it did not but their time maywell have come under this Prime Minister. officially exist. I took some time off during my election I thank you for your patience, Madam Deputy Speaker, campaign to visit his birthplace in my constituency, the and other right hon. and hon. Members for theirs. It village of Youlgrave, as well as Over Haddon, the village was a privilege to speak today and I am very proud to where he grew up and where he was buried in St Anne’s represent the people of the Derbyshire Dales in this churchyard. House. I hope that I might be able to catch your eye A tenant farmer’s son, Maurice Oldfield was one of from time to time. the country’s most distinguished intelligence officers. He served at the height of the cold war and was described Several hon. Members rose— by the arch Soviet agent Kim Philby as formidable. He returned to Over Haddon for weekends as often as he Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Rosie Winterton): could. He was noted for Derbyshire common sense. It is Order. I remind the House that if Members do not stick that sort of common sense that we need to embrace for to seven minutes, I will have to impose a time limit, the security and defence of the country in today’s world. which might be even shorter. As for myself, I am a Conservative by both nature 4.1 pm and nurture. I was born into this tribe. My first association, back in what was then the nuclear-free Labour heartland Alan Brown (Kilmarnock and Loudoun) (SNP): It is of Basildon, was a family enterprise run by my mother a pleasure to follow the hon. Member for Derbyshire from the kitchen table in our council house. She canvassed Dales (Miss Dines). I congratulate her on delivering her with me in the pram. At the age of eight, I delivered my maiden speech, and indeed on becoming the first female first Conservative party leaflet. At the age of 17, I was MP to represent her constituency, and wish her well for part of the selection committee that launched the the future. She said that she embodies working-class distinguished parliamentary career of my hon. Friend values and that Margaret Thatcher is her hero—that is the Member for Southend West (Sir David Amess), who a concept that I have yet to get my head around, to be I am delighted to see here today. honest, but I wish her well. Like so many on our side of the Chamber, I am a Having been a civil engineer before coming to this living embodiment of Conservative policies. I am a place, I am instinctively in favour of investment in working-class, council-reared, comprehensive school- infrastructure, so I welcome the Government’s pledge educated Conservative—a product of Margaret Thatcher’s to increase infrastructure investment. It can be truly 859 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 860 transformational. The Scottish National party has argued the cashflow implications? Have they actually thought for years that, instead of austerity, targeted investment through the measure in total? The Red Book shows an can help improve the economy, especially with borrowing income of an extra £5 billion over two years. That is rates at an extended all-time low. It is good to see that £5 billion, more or less, added on to construction projects, this Government are finally listening. However, infra- so the Government are robbing Peter to pay Paul. structure investment should also fit a strategic picture Because of Scottish devolution, the Scottish Government and be part of long-term planning. It therefore does and local authorities need to pay more for construction not make sense that the Budget and its headline projects, and that money goes back to the Treasury, so announcements pre-date the Government’s long-overdue we will be subsidising the Treasury yet again. response to the National Infrastructure Commission’s Another transport project that was supposed to level national infrastructure assessment, which was published up connectivity between the regions and nations is the in July 2018. third runway at Heathrow.However,the UK Government A strategic approach also means avoiding a cavalier lost in the court because they did not allow for aviation approach and glib announcements, such as proposals emissions to be aligned with the Paris agreement. They for a “Union bridge” between Scotland and Northern will now turn round and say that it does not matter Ireland. The hon. Member for Bolton North East (Mark because it is private investment, and it is up to Heathrow Logan) also made a fine maiden speech, but in the last to sort it out. Well, it is not up to Heathrow to sort it couple of minutes it went badly south. He might be out; it is up to the UK Government to do that, because demanding the construction of a Union bridge, but the climate change is their responsibility. They should follow Secretary of State for Scotland has said that it is just a the Scottish Government’s lead, and include aviation euphemism for a tunnel. If the Government cannot emissions in their net zero target. Moreover, if they are agree on whether they are going to build a tunnel or a clear about levelling up, where are the public service bridge, surely they should instead allocate the money to obligations to protect the extra slots if the Heathrow the Scottish Government, who will use it much more third runway goes ahead? That is another vital aspect of wisely. connectivity. “Levelling up” is another Government catchphrase, There is also the issue of HS2. Where is the levelling but at least it acknowledges the neglect of some of the up there? The route starts in London. The first phase is regions and nations of the UK over the years. That is between London and Birmingham, and the London-Crewe particularly true in Scotland, where the lack of infrastructure section will follow. Trains will travel more slowly between investment by Westminster is an historic disgrace. Hansard Crewe and Scotland, because they cannot travel as fast is littered with broken promises of particular road on the existing main line. How can it be levelling up for schemes—projects that were subsequently delivered by us to have a poorer service once the high-speed trains the SNP Scottish Government. It took an SNP Government are up and running—and where is our share of the to construct a full-length motorway between Edinburgh Barnett consequentials? Roughly £750 million is due to and Glasgow, and it took an SNP Government to us to date. If we are given that money, we can get on construct the missing M74 linkages. It was the SNP with our own infrastructure projects. Government who build the M80. It is the SNP Government The Government have a big job to do if they are to who are dualling the A9 and making it an electric hit their net zero carbon target by 2050. It will mean highway. It is the SNP Government who had to complete further strategic infrastructure investment, which will the upgrading of what was the last single-track trunk need to be done correctly to achieve this levelling up. road in Great Britain, the Road to the Isles between That means investment in energy infrastructure. Again, Fort William and Mallaig. To date it is the SNP we await the Government’s White Paper. When will it Government and the Scottish Parliament, not Westminster, come, and when will we have a coherent energy policy who have been doing the levelling up for Scotland. that makes energy efficiency measures part of a national Anyone driving around the highlands or across the infrastructure project? The National Infrastructure Western Isles will see many road upgrades and causeways Commission has long called for that, as has the Business, built by the Scottish Government with the help of EU Energy and Industrial Strategy Committee. The Scottish funds. That was another way of having to make up for Government have led the way, spending four times as Westminster letting Scotland down. How will Scotland much as the UK Government per capita. get its full share of the UK prosperity fund, given that Weneed proposals for carbon capture and strategy—the access to the EU structural funds is no longer available? current Budget proposals are too vague—and we need to end the nuclear obsession. It is completely illogical to We can talk about levelling up, but, as the Prime pay £92.50 per MWh for Hinkley for 35 years, compared Minister said himself in the build-up to the Scottish to just £40 per MWh for offshore wind and a 15-year referendum, concession. We need to invest in renewable energy. “A pound spent in Croydon is of far more value to the country We need a levelling up of broadband and mobile than a pound spent in Strathclyde.” coverage. The proposed infill still leaves Scotland behind. Given that he has never apologised for that, it is hard The UK Government are contributing only £21 million to believe that he is taking the “levelling up” agenda to the £600 million R101 programme.The size of Scotland’s seriously. land mass is roughly 60% of the size of England’s, yet Another contradiction in the Budget and the big we will get only 18% as much funding as England from infrastructure projects proposed by the UK Government the UK Government. That is not levelling up. is the fact that they also propose to remove the red If Westminster were serious about levelling up, it diesel rebate for construction plant. That would double would make up for those deficiencies—and if it is not the cost of fuel for plant hire companies, which would willing to level up, let Scotland become an independent be passed on to clients. Have the Government considered country and we will level up on our own terms. 861 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 862

4.9 pm To give one specific example, I suggest looking at John Stevenson (Carlisle) (Con): The backdrop to the reform of inheritance tax—a tax that is disliked by debate is very much one of a serious crisis with huge many people, by those who are going to pay it and those implications for us individually and collectively, for our who are not, and indeed by future generations, who country and for our economy. Before I touch upon the think their parents might pay it or that they themselves Budget itself and the subject of today’s debate, I want might have to pay it. It is not a tax that raises a huge to make one observation. The overwhelming majority amount of income for the Treasury, but, through some of the people of this country are employed by small and simplicity and with some changes, it could be fairer and medium-sized businesses; people’s mortgage, lifestyle at the same time generate more money. and standard of living depend on them. Indeed, the wealth Thirdly, I have a word of caution. I appreciate that of this country very much depends on small and medium- we have a serious crisis going on, and I recognise that sized businesses. Therefore, looking at this crisis, I hope the Government will be looking to supply a great deal that when the Chancellor makes his statement this of funding and support for businesses, individuals and evening he concentrates on the lifeblood and the success organisations up and down the country, but I am a of those businesses. Otherwise, the crisis will be detrimental fiscal conservative and I do, in the long run, believe that to the long-term health and success of this country. we must live within our means and that we must have Specifically on the Budget, I want to make three balanced budgets. We cannot borrow forever. Looking comments. The first is one of support and encouragement around the world at other economies, we see that those to the Government. The second is one of hope. The that are debt laden do not function as well. Looking third is a word of caution from somebody who is a back to the 2008 crisis, the borrowing was £40 billion a strong supporter of the Government. year. That was after 16 years of economic growth, yet the Government at that time were still borrowing instead I very much support and congratulate the Government of repaying debt. on the serious amount of capital investment that they We have had 10 years of growth, yet we still have a propose for the regions, and not just for the north. It is substantial budget deficit. The danger for us is that if at widely recognised that that is badly needed, and indeed, some point in the future there is a rise in interest many people would suggest that it is long overdue. The payments, that will have a very detrimental effect on the important thing is that this must not be a splurge. We state of our nation’s finances. Rates might well rise at must not see a surge of money going into investment some point, and unexpectedly, in the way that other things and then a famine in a few years’ time. We need consistent can hit an economy out of the blue. and maintained investment for many years—indeed, beyond this Parliament. We should almost be suggesting I therefore suggest to Government that while they that this is a cross-party initiative, because it might well plan for future annual growth in the economy, we must go beyond the Conservative Government. If we are to always remember that recessions will happen. Indeed, see real change in our regions and in the north, in our given the present crisis, a recession might already be roads, rail and airports, and in digital and skills we need under way, so we must be prudent in the long run to a sustained period of investment. ensure that the nation’s finances stack up and that we have the firepower to deal with downturns when they Through that investment, what we ultimately want to come. A final point: prudence is a virtue, and it is one do is create an environment for business to thrive. In that I believe the Government should follow. many respects, the success of this investment will not be the new roads, new rail and so on. It will be whether 4.15 pm there is private sector investment following Government Gerald Jones (Merthyr Tydfil and Rhymney) (Lab): and taxpayer investment. We want to see private sector Although the investment that this Budget provides in jobs and wealth creation in the north. Indeed, I want our public services is welcome, it does not go far enough, people wanting not to come to London for their career, and it does not bring our public services and local but to go to other parts of the country. I also give a authorities back to a level we saw before this decade of word of warning: we should always remember that austerity began in 2010. Our councils and public services Governments do not create wealth; it is business and are suffering and they need some genuine hope that the private sector that do so. austerity really has ended. I also support the Government’s review of the Green The Government’s new commitment to borrowing to Book, which again is long overdue and extremely welcome. invest, set out in this Budget, shows that the past decade That will create a real opportunity to see investment of austerity was a failed experiment and that, ultimately, going to places that have wrongly missed out in the past. our communities and public services endured a long My second point is about hope—a hope that the decade of hardship and immense pressure for a political Government’s is a real ambition to change our public choice. As we know,the budget for the Welsh Government services and our complicated tax system; a hope that we has been cut by £4 billion since 2010, and this new have the ambition to reform social care and to look at investment does not come close to delivering the support how we can reform other public services, improve their our local authorities and our communities desperately performance and develop them for the future; a hope need now.The additional £360 million of funding promised that we have true reform of local government and real for Wales is welcome, but much more is needed, especially devolution to the regions, so that they can make their given that the UK Government clawed back £200 million own decisions and investments, and have some self- from Wales on a recalculation only earlier this year. We governance in a way that we have not seen in our all know that this welcome money does not come close regions for many years; and a hope that we see some to dealing with the cost of repairs and recovery following reform of the taxation system to make it efficient and last month’s floods, let alone to supporting the Welsh fair, and making a real contribution to the economy—less NHS and all our other public services, which continue tinkering, more simplicity. to suffer and operate under continued pressure from 863 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 864 austerity, particularly as they prepare for dealing with how EU development funding will be replaced at the the virus. We have been told time and time again that end of the year. There are just nine months to go until austerity is ending or has ended, and this Budget was a the EU development funding programmes end and we missed opportunity to give us all some hope that that is have still not had any information or clarity from the now truly the case. The Institute for Fiscal Studies has Government on how the funding streams will be replaced, since confirmed what we all already knew: that this or any clarity on the proposed shared prosperity fund. Budget does not end austerity or truly reverse the For months, Members from all parties have called for decade of cuts our communities have suffered. clarity on the fund. The people of Wales need answers. On the virus, although the extra package of support There is a gap of well over £300 million in EU funds for announced by the Treasury to help the Welsh Government the Government to fill. They cannot hide or kick the deal with the outbreak in Wales is welcome, we need issue into the long grass any longer. Our public services, clarity on exactly what will be provided and when, so local authorities and businesses need assurance and that Wales can be prepared for the next stages of the must be given time to prepare for the transition. I urge spread; especially as the Welsh NHS is already under the Minister to give us clarity and confirm that it will be significant pressure from operating on budgets that we “not a penny less, not a power lost,” as we have been have endured since 2010. We have concerns about the promised time and again. impact on the training-based apprenticeships and on I welcome the measures introduced so far to help our training providers, trainees and apprentices. Obviously, communities and businesses to cope with the current a lot of that is a devolved area, but we need much more situation with covid-19. I praise the Welsh Government support from the UK Government to ensure that Wales in particular, and local authorities and community is able to meet its responsibilities in these areas. organisations in Wales and throughout the UK, for Due to the unprecedented nature of the spread of how they have responded to the virus and sought to this virus and its devastating impact on businesses, protect the most vulnerable among us. I also praise the communities and, crucially, families, I urge the Chancellor incredible acts of kindness and compassion that we have to bring forward emergency measures to support jobs, seen from so many residents—I know that all Members small businesses, including pubs and restaurants, and are seeing the same in their communities—as well as the the most vulnerable in our society, as we all attempt to community initiatives we have seen as we endeavour to weather this increasingly serious and constantly changing help those who need it most. We will unfortunately need situation. much more of that in the coming months. Finally, I urge the Chancellor and the Government to Chris Elmore (Ogmore) (Lab): Does my hon. Friend take the decisive action required to protect those who agree that we need support for not just small businesses, will be hit hardest by the virus outbreak and who do not but one-person businesses? I have been inundated by have the means to support themselves. It would be a constituents contacting me because they run a business good start to remove the five-week wait for universal by themselves and do not qualify for much of this credit and to support self-employed workers with a support. I hope that the Chancellor will make an realistic statutory sick pay. I hope the Minister will announcement on that, because many people are desperate show that this message and the calls from other Members for that help in the future. have been heard, and that the Government will now do what is necessary in this increasingly severe and fast-moving Gerald Jones: I absolutely agree with my hon. Friend situation. on that. Indeed, only yesterday, I received an email from a constituent who was having similar problems. Such 4.21 pm support is appropriate and we hope that the Chancellor Suzanne Webb (Stourbridge) (Con): It is a pleasure to will bring forward some measures later today or in the have the opportunity to speak in this debate as part of a very near future. Government who understand their fiscal responsibility I welcome the Welsh Labour Government’s response and have produced a Budget that delivers on its promises to the outbreak, which has seen a £200 million emergency to the British people and lays the foundation of prosperity package provided to support retail, leisure and hospitality for tomorrow. I am grateful for the firm economic businesses across Wales suffering due to the outbreak. foundations as the economy and the Budget are currently We must also support our food banks in the coming overshadowed by coronavirus. months, because we know they will be needed much I pay tribute to the support workers, nurses, doctors, more than ever. volunteers and residents in my constituency.I am immensely It was shocking that the Chancellor made no mention proud of them all. The community has come into its of Wales when talking about the damage from last own during this incomparable crisis with a sense of true month’s flooding. Communities in Merthyr Tydfil and British “Keep calm and carry on” spirit, helping those Rhymney, and across Wales, were some of the hardest most vulnerable and in need. I would expect nothing hit by last month’s storms, and the funding we desperately else from my brilliant constituents. need to recover must now be forthcoming, as it has been Last night, when I thought about speaking in this promised—by the Prime Minister indeed. The cost of debate, I thought at first that my heart would not be in the initial repairs is estimated to be more than £15 million it because of the pressing crisis, but instead that crisis in my constituency alone, and we need assurances that has highlighted to me the importance of the Budget, Wales will not lose out and will get the funding it needs which is about levelling up and getting Britain building, for our communities and businesses to recover. and whose foundations will see us through this crisis. As my hon. Friend the Member for Aberavon (Stephen Levelling up has been compared by some in the media Kinnock) mentioned earlier, it was alarming not to hear to the verbal equivalent of Polyfilla or mere political anything in the Budget statement about progress on jargon, but levelling up has been taking place for the 865 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 866

[Suzanne Webb] Communities and Local Government. I hope that this planning reform will make the most of disused and past three years in the urban west midlands, with not an neglected land. I welcome the Government’sannouncement ounce of Polyfilla in sight. For this debate, I will specifically that they will launch a register of brownfield sites, focus on the urban west midlands. which is backed by £400 million across the mayoral After decades of losing out and falling behind after combined authorities to bring mostly unused land back successive Labour councils across the region failed to to use. I hope the White Paper will have the confidence work effectively together, the urban west midlands is to follow the brownfield first example, which was set in starting to catch up. It is without doubt that that is the urban west midlands. because in 2017 the West Midlands elected its first In conclusion, I welcome this Budget and the opportunity Mayor, who of course was Andy Street, a Mayor who to level up and get Britain building. The only way to recognised the need to level up because the people in the drive economic growth, as the urban west midlands has west midlands had fallen behind London, Manchester shown, is to boost productivity. Thankfully, it is this and other cities. His approach has secured £2.3 billion Government who will see us through this medical crisis—a of extra funding from central Government; brought jobs Government who have a sense of fiscal responsibility and investment to the west midlands; secured investment and who recognise that levelling up will ensure the from overseas companies; and brought together the team future prosperity of every town and city in this great to secure investment from the Government to ensure that and United Kingdom. It is a Budget that delivers on its the Commonwealth games will be hosted in Birmingham. promises to the British people to get things done, while His approach has seen the urban west midlands on the also understanding that additional support in light of cusp of economic renaissance. covid-19 will now have to be considered. I wish to take a few minutes to correct politely a few comments made by the right hon. Member for Birmingham, 4.27 pm Hodge Hill (Liam Byrne) last week. He asked for some Wera Hobhouse (Bath) (LD): The Budget that the evidence of Andy Street’s influence, and I am happy to Chancellor introduced six days ago is already out of oblige: £350 million for building homes on brownfield date. While I appreciate that we are in untested times, sites; £210 million for expanding the metro; £150 million I urge the Government to get ahead of the curve, as for apprenticeships and skills; £30 million for new bus routes; opposed to behind it. £10 million to tackle rough sleeping; and £250 million I welcome the shift in policy yesterday away from the for improving our high streets. assumption that most people would get infected with There is more. The right hon. Gentleman mentioned covid-19 to stopping the spread in its tracks. I must say unemployment, which has fallen in the west midlands that I was a little surprised that, after seeing what by nearly 50% since 2010. In the years during which happened in other countries, we thought that it would Andy Street has been Mayor, some 97,000 new jobs have be different in Britain and that perhaps the virus would been created and there are nearly 7,000 new businesses. spread differently. Nearly 50,000 people have started apprenticeships, too. China is ahead of us and is therefore at least a model The right hon. Member mentioned housing. More of what is likely to happen here. In China, there has than 31,000 homes have been built across the west been a 20% drop in economic activity. Something similar midlands since Andy became mayor. That is a 42% rise, will happen in the UK, so we need a plan and we need and, as I said last week, he smashed his own target of urgent and decisive action. A significant drop in economic 25,000. Rough sleeping is down by a third because of activity already means redundancies and people being his Housing First scheme. laid off, especially the millions in the gig economy or on This Budget gave us £160 million for the metro and zero-hours contracts. There will be no alternative for for buses and a share of £4.2 billion for more rail and them but to sign on. The current benefits system, with metro improvements. Construction has begun on the its six-week delay, is not fit for purpose. We need a £449 million metro to Dudley and Brierley Hill. Please, system that can act fast. There must be no delays in Andy, if you are listening, do not forget to add a few payment and processing—no delays at all. extra tracks of the metro stretches to Stourbridge. This Secondly, we will have millions of people in the UK Government are also levelling up on the railways,developing who—hopefully temporarily—will have less money coming the west midlands rail hub in. Hundreds of thousands of those who are just about The west midlands has been levelling up for the past managing will not be able to manage without extra three years, and, thanks to this Government, it will support. We must not allow this sudden loss of income continue to do so in the future. That is the same turn into a housing crisis, so my second ask of Government levelling up that this Government are bringing to the is to protect renters and to make it temporarily illegal to whole country to provide opportunity and to share evict tenants for non-payment of rent because of the prosperity across the UK. The Government’scommitment covid-19 crisis. to levelling up and getting Britain building will see My third ask of Government is to support businesses impressive feats of engineering not just in the west through the next few months.That is particularly important midlands, but across the country. My one request to this to my constituents in Bath, many of whom are in the Government is to do it sustainably and sympathetically leisure and hospitality industry. It makes no sense for to our natural environment. Whatever we are investing these businesses to go under because of a temporary in for the future, we must respect the environment that loss of customers. The Government need to make it they will share. easy and quick to access bridging loans, as announced I welcome the announcement last week to reform our in the Budget last week. Currently, there is no detail of planning system and to bring forward a White Paper by how that access and the process are working, and we my right hon. Friend, the Secretary of State for Housing, need that information fast. Weneed a serious commitment 867 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 868 from Government that none of those businesses in the (Mark Logan) and for Derbyshire Dales (Miss Dines), leisure and hospitality sector will go under because of as well as the hon. Member for Liverpool, West Derby the coronavirus. (Ian Byrne), on their maiden speeches. It is a real Turning to the Budget response to the climate emergency, honour to serve in Parliament. I am proud to be part of the Budget should have been an opportunity for the 2019 intake of MPs across the Chamber, and we are Government to match their rhetoric on tackling the all profoundly humbled by the circumstances and climate emergency with real action—now, more than responsibilities that are on our shoulders. ever, as Parliament voted to commit to a net zero target The Budget was delivered in truly exceptional and as the UK is hosting COP26 later this year. The circumstances that have grown ever more so in less than UK should show leadership on tackling the climate a week. This is a challenging economic environment for emergency, but the Budget falls short in many ways. us as a nation as we face the global coronavirus outbreak, While there were encouraging announcements on electric and I hope that colleagues across the House will recognise vehicles and charging points, they were negated by the the Chancellor’s willingness, first of all, to give the NHS Government’s continued support for road building and whatever help it needs to get through this unprecedented petrol and diesel vehicles. The fuel duty freeze in the challenge. To describe this as a baptism of fire for the past 10 years has not resulted in an increase in people Chancellor and, of course, for the new Governor of the taking public transport but in an increase in cars on the Bank of England, Andrew Bailey, whose appointment I road and fewer people using public transport. That welcome, would be significantly to understate things. should not be the direction pursued by a Government Our new Chancellor was extremely impressive last who are genuinely committed to taking all petrol and week, as he set out the measures that we are taking to diesel vehicles off the road in 12 years’ time. protect, as best as we can, our economy, our workforce Where are the plans for the complete electrification and indeed our entire population from the damaging of rail travel? The electrification of the line to Bath has financial effects of coronavirus, and I look forward to been halted. When will it be completed? Most worryingly, his making a statement later today in the same vein there was no mention of any Government plan to tackle but with significantly more firepower. I must especially the UK’s greatest source of carbon emissions—our speak up for the small business owners of pubs, bars homes. The challenge is twofold: first, to ensure that and restaurants and all their employees, many of whom any home that is a new build is fit for a net zero future have been in contact with me today. This is a hugely and, secondly, to upgrade our current housing stock to worrying time for these firms, which are pillars of their make it energy-efficient. communities as well as of their local economies. There is no real ambition on that—the Government I turn to the substance of the Budget. The first point have only committed to require the future homes standard that I want to make is that it has delivered on the promises from 2025. They should legislate now,so that the thousands in our manifesto—promises that the British people of new homes that will be built over the next five years voted for last December and that won us our majority. will be net zero straightaway. The greater challenge is to We are delivering the largest cash boost for the NHS in retrofit the current housing stock so that it is energy history, as we promised. The announcement of funding efficient. That will be challenging and expensive, but is for 40 new hospital projects and the protected capital crucial, both in reducing the emissions from our houses investment budget, to ensure that estate refurbishment and for alleviating fuel poverty. It is therefore frustrating and maintenance across NHS buildings goes ahead, is that there was no mention of any action on that in the another manifesto pledge delivered. Budget. It is not enough simply to hope that people will I am particularly pleased by the announcement of upgrade their home’s energy efficiency. People living in £17.6 million of capital investment for the Royal Stoke homes with the worst energy efficiency ratings are often University Hospital to build three new modern wards the poorest and most vulnerable in society. to increase capacity there. This Budget was also the first The Government, who cancelled the Liberal Democrat part of our long-term plan for levelling up the British green new deal scheme without a replacement, need to economy—something that my constituents in Newcastle- take the climate emergency seriously, and replace words under-Lyme will hugely welcome. North Staffordshire with action. That means ensuring that we have just has historically not had the best deal, so I am delighted measures so that the burden of the net zero transition to see concrete plans in the Budget to ensure that does not fall on those who can least afford it. The everyone across our country has the opportunity to Chancellor should use the Government’s new-found succeed, especially in Newcastle-under-Lyme and north affection for spending to provide support for upgrading Staffordshire more widely. all houses and building to energy efficiency grade C or I am also pleased at the announcement that the higher. Rather than building roads, we should invest a Department for Transport has included improvements lot more in public transport. to the notorious M6 junction 15 in the second road The coronavirus crisis is uppermost in our minds, but investment strategy. I promised Newcastle-under-Lyme it has not simply replaced the climate crisis, which residents that I would call on the Government to act continues to be the most pressing issue of our generation. and am delighted that my concerns and those of my Not responding adequately will result in catastrophic colleague and neighbour, my hon. Friend the Member cost to human life. The Government must step up. for Stoke-on-Trent South (Jack Brereton), who has also been campaigning on this issue in his time in the House, 4.33 pm have been heard. Work must now be done to see what a Aaron Bell (Newcastle-under-Lyme) (Con): It is a new junction 15 could look like and how quickly that pleasure to follow the hon. Member for Bath (Wera much needed improvement can be brought forward. Hobhouse). I offer congratulations, too, to my hon. Friends That will have important benefits for my constituents, the Members for South West Hertfordshire (Mr Mohindra), particularly those in the southern suburbs of Clayton, for Blyth Valley (Ian Levy), for Bolton North East the Westlands and Westbury Park. 869 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 870

[Aaron Bell] They are doing an amazing job. They are resilient and hard-working, and I want to thank them all. I also I hugely welcome the Government’s commitment to thank all the staff in both Houses and on this estate put 0.8% of GDP into research and development; it is for persevering and coming into work at this worrying particularly welcome that that would place us above time. countries such as the US, China and Japan as a proportion My message to the people of Newport West, and of GDP. I especially welcome the commitment that people right across our country, is that they must follow more R&D funding will go to universities outside London, the medical advice published by the devolved Governments the east and the south-east of England. World-class and the Government here in Westminster, to stay as safe science is happening right across the country.For example, as possible. I pay tribute to the well-established and fantastic, innovative projects are taking place at Keele enduring community spirit of the many people in Newport University science park in my constituency, such as the West who have got organised and are looking out for smart energy network demonstrator and the hydrogen their neighbours and ensuring that all those in need get project HyDeploy, which should provide greener energy the support they deserve. They are a credit to their from our gas network. We also have a number of communities and I thank them for their public-spirited world-class firms in our science park, such as the vaccine nature. manufacturer Cobra Biologics and Pharmaceutical Services, whose skills and capacity will, I hope, be tested sooner I welcome the measures in the Budget that will be rather than later. directed to efforts to combat covid-19. I agree that this is a time for calm heads and wise decisions. We meet I hope that Keele will benefit from the increase in today in unique and uncharted territory. I recognise R&D funding, along with many other institutions across that this is a time for respectful and sensible co-operation our country. My right hon. Friend the Chancellor of among the parties in this House. I know that we, the the Exchequer’sannouncement about investing £800 million Opposition, will play our part, but one specific request I into a model based on the US Defence Advanced must make on behalf of small businesses, including the Research Projects Agency is also very welcome and pubs, clubs and bars of Newport West, is for the Minister relevant at the moment. I know colleagues across the to please ask the Chancellor to bring to the House House will be particularly interested in seeing how that special measures to help people who are so worried for money is going to be used. Alongside my colleagues on the future of their businesses and their staff. the Science and Technology Committee, I will be looking at how it is best spent to ensure that we are investing in The background to this Budget is a climate emergency, ideas and pushing our country forward. a global pandemic and a Tory Government who have I turn to a couple of campaigns. I am glad the finally found the magic money tree after a long 10-year Chancellor responded to the lobbying on the issue of love affair with austerity. Four Chancellors, three Prime the fuel duty freeze from me and other MPs in the Blue Ministers and a decade of under-investment have forced Collar Conservatism group. We promised during the the Government to launch a levelling up agenda. I think general election that we would be on the side of hard- it is less about levelling up and more about making up working families if we got into government, and that is for lost time and the wrong decisions. From my weekly why I am so delighted that he confirmed that fuel prices surgeries and talking to people right across Newport will not be going up in this Budget. The fuel duty freeze West, I know that our social security system has lost its will make a huge difference to hard-working people way. We need to rebuild it from the principles on which in Newcastle-under-Lyme who rely on their cars—the it was founded: supporting people rather than policing cumulative effect is now about £1,200 more for the average them, and alleviating poverty rather than forcing people driver. I also repeat my previous pleas in the House for into it. The first missed opportunity of this Budget was investment in public transport provision across north to scrap universal credit once and for all. It has caused Staffordshire, starting with a super-bus network. severe hardship for many people because of the major flaws in its design and the way it has been rolled out. I am delighted that the Chancellor has announced he will axe the reading tax on digital books, newspapers The second missed opportunity in the Budget was and academic journals from 1 December 2020. That keeping our communities safe. Since 2010, the Tories was another campaign I had supported ahead of the and their allies—the Lib Dems and the Democratic Budget, and the announcement is fantastic news. The Unionist party—have cut the police, police community decision will make a huge difference to people with support officers and police civilian staff, and that has disabilities who struggle to read or handle printed books, been made far worse by the fact that the prosecution and remove a barrier to literacy for children and young rates for all crimes has hit a new low. The other side of people, 45% of whom now prefer to read on a digital this important issue is the fact that the prison system in device. England and Wales has been pushed to breaking point In conclusion, I welcome the Budget and I expect to through under-resourcing, with widespread violence and welcome the additional measures the Chancellor will be evidence of radicalisation in prison. That has been taking later today. These are unprecedented times, and made worse by the fact that legal aid and the courts he and the rest of the Government will have my full have been decimated by cuts, undermining access to support in dealing with the challenge that we must now justice. That proves that the Tories cannot be trusted to face. keep our country safe. Another issue I am increasingly concerned about is 4.38 pm the fact that free access to cash is reducing at an Ruth Jones (Newport West) (Lab): I start by paying alarming rate. That is hugely impacting on the most tribute to all the staff of our national health and social vulnerable people and communities in all parts of the care services, who are working around the clock at the UK. The Government must take the strongest and most moment in difficult and unpredictable circumstances. effective action to maintain free access to cash in our 871 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 872 communities, and I particularly welcome the campaigning More broadly, I very much welcome the extra funding work done by the magazine Which? on that important for 4G roll-out and high-speed broadband in constituencies issue. such as mine with large rural communities. That will In the recent debate on the Queen’s Speech, I noted help us to compete in this new era, especially when so that in my constituency of Newport West the average many of our homes and businesses are so far away from household wage in Marshfield is double the average telephone exchanges. Full-fibre broadband will help them household wage in Pillgwenlly. Those two communities move into the 21st century. are separated by just a few short miles. I hope the I welcome the news on buses. Through the national Government will focus on levelling up wages and creating bus strategy, I hope that some of my rural communities— a more equal society by deeds and not just words. I am those in Crook, Willington, Tow Law and Weardale—will pleased that the Government have listened to Members be able to benefit from increased services, particularly on all sides of the House and abandoned their plans to later in the evening and at weekends, when many people hike tax on motorhomes by 705%. That is a welcome struggle to get out and about if they do not have a car. I step for those who own a motorhome, and it shows that also welcome the extra cash for high streets and the campaigning by MPs of all colours can work. reopening of the towns fund. My constituency did not Lastly, I want to say a word about our country. This get any of that money in recent years and the town of United Kingdom is meant to be a Union of equals, but Consett and the villages in the south of my constituency the lack of investment in and respect for Wales is are looking forward to working with Durham County nothing short of disgraceful. I caution the new Tory Council to bid for that money. MPs in north Wales to not think that the Chancellor is Research and development is immensely important their friend if this Budget is anything to go by. Just to my constituency, which lies just outside the university weeks ago, the Welsh Government were forced to return town of Durham. We are looking forward to getting £200 million to the UK Treasury. That was just a couple cash in this area, particularly as some of the university’s of weeks before the people and communities of Wales facilities brush the edge of my constituency. We would saw millions of pounds-worth of damage caused by the like that extra money to help us to upskill the economy. recent flooding, which hit Wales and its communities I welcome the hon. Member for Aberavon (Stephen very hard indeed. The Government allocated funds for Kinnock) saying that steel is not a sunset industry. We flood resilience, but they need a fully funded and long- can certainly see that in north-east England, with the term plan, and they need it now. The Government talk Mayor of Tees Valley, Ben Houchen, bringing back about levelling up, but they now need to start thinking steelmaking to the region. up and talking up our communities, too, in deeds as The more than £100 billion of investment in transport well as words. infrastructure, out of a total £640 billion on infrastructure I am proud to serve the people of Newport West, the over the next few years, is most welcome. We need to see people of Wales and the people of our United Kingdom, our region tied into the major transport hubs across the so I will keep working to scrutinise the Government and north-east, and I hope that Consett and the surrounding hold them to account to ensure that we can all be part area will get their connection over the next few years of the building up—whenever it happens—and not just into Newcastle, so that we can be part of that growing the favoured few. and thriving city. Before I finish, I want to pay tribute to some of the 4.43 pm maiden speeches today. On election night, the victory of Mr Richard Holden (North West Durham) (Con): I my hon. Friend the Member for Blyth Valley (Ian Levy) would like to echo many of the words of my hon. gave me the first indication that it was possible that I Friend the Member for Newcastle-under-Lyme (Aaron might be entering this place. I pay tribute to him and his Bell) about the coronavirus outbreak. While there were wife Maureen for the welcome they have given me since measures in the Budget to provide increased and potentially I joined the House. I also pay tribute to my hon. Friend unlimited funding for the NHS if required, we look the Member for South West Hertfordshire (Mr Mohindra), forward to hearing more from the Chancellor today for who has joined me on the Public Accounts Committee. our small and medium-sized businesses,charities,employees I look forward to working with him on investigations and employers, businesses of all types and schools and into how we spend taxpayers’ money. colleges—particularly in areas such as mine, where people The hon. Member for Liverpool, West Derby (Ian often do not have the option of working from home, Byrne) said that it is important that individuals and including those in the manufacturing sector and the community groups are able to take on public authorities tourism and leisure sector. This is also massively affecting and the state when they feel that they have been threatened, our high streets, and I hope that specific measures will such as in the Hillsborough situation. I commend those be brought forward to look after them. I urge Members words and support him in that. My hon. Friend the and their communities to sign up to become Red Cross Member for Derbyshire Dales (Miss Dines) spoke of community reserve volunteers, which is a very effective the Prime Minister’s rough and tumble approach to way of getting involved in the local community,particularly politics. I am sure that she will be more than capable of if the coronavirus spreads as rapidly as one expects it to dealing with the rough and tumble of this place. over the next few weeks. Turning to the substance of the Budget, I echo the 4.49 pm words of the hon. Member for Newport West (Ruth Jones) on the motorhome tax. She and I have both been Kirsten Oswald (East Renfrewshire) (SNP): I am always campaigning on that and I am glad to see the Government keen to start speeches with a note of consensus where move swiftly to reverse that measure, which would have that is possible and I am sure there is much consensus done great damage to both our communities. today. We are dealing with a very serious situation. It is 873 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 874

[Kirsten Oswald] Following the Cobra meeting yesterday, the approach has been significantly ramped up. The Prime Minister an unprecedented crisis and it brings unprecedented has told people to stay away from many of the services challenges for individuals and businesses. As we are all that people who are self-employed, who are on zero-hours sitting here in this ivory tower, we need to be really contracts and who work in the gig economy are employed focused on doing the very best that we can to acknowledge to provide. So it is really important that the support what is needed and to do what we can to make sure that available to people in these situations is stepped up. We that happens, while there are people outside this place need to hear more about this—much more—as a matter keeping essential services running and doing the hard of considerable urgency. shifts for all of us. The Secretary of State for Health also said yesterday In that consensual vein, I am pleased to add my in this Chamber: congratulations to the Chancellor on his presentation “Weshould steer clear of pubs, clubs, cinemas and restaurants.”— of the Budget at this very difficult time. His speech was [Official Report, 16 March 2020; Vol. 673, c. 697.] upbeat. It was positive. It was almost convincing. He But he did not say anything—he declined to comment— sounded as if he believed the Budget he was delivering when he was asked whether he actually wanted these was as good as the circumstances, which were certainly businesses to close. That is not okay; it is not good very difficult, would allow. The circumstances have enough. The Government have to formalise their position certainly changed, and changed markedly for the worse. on business closures. Only then might affected businesses However, as reflection on the Budget itself has shown, it be able to trigger business interruption cover, if that is was not as good as it sounded. It was not as good as it available and applicable to them. If it is not, the Government could have been and it was not as good as it should have need to bite the bullet, to step in and to be the insurer of been. For example, COP26 is taking place in Glasgow last resort. They need to do this and to confirm that they later this year, we hope—coronavirus permitting—but are going to do this quickly, because the current lack of his Budget did nothing to deliver net zero by 2050. clarity spells the death knell for many businesses all Going into the Budget, we heard repeatedly about this across these islands. Weneed action now.The Government promise of levelling up for people and for places across need to take action to stop that from happening. these islands, but on both fronts the Budget failed to The Chancellor’sannouncement of temporary extensions deliver. to statutory sick pay has focused attention on the All these issues and difficulties are so much more pressing weekly amount of £94.25, which is the equivalent of now because of the huge additional challenges we are someone working fewer than 12 hours a week on the facing. If we think back to the 2015 Budget—a key event national minimum wage. Surely the Chancellor does in the austerity agenda—chasing welfare savings and not believe that that will encourage people to act early the disastrous roll-out of universal credit have caused and responsibly if they think they might have coronavirus. misery to countless thousands of the most vulnerable people It is not good enough and we need much further action. in our communities—and they are all the more vulnerable The Health Secretary said that the Government will just now. So we need to hear significantly from the give the NHS whatever it needs and do whatever it takes Chancellor how we are going to stop people falling to tackle coronavirus. We can all agree with those through the welfare gaps that we know already exist and sentiments. It is now time for the Government to match are going to get so much more significant. This is hugely their deeds to their rhetoric and they need to do that now. pressing and it is going to become increasingly so. The Chancellor needs to tell us what he is going to do 4.55 pm to deal with the magnitude of need, and the urgency with which he deals with that will be absolutely vital for Jack Brereton (Stoke-on-Trent South) (Con): I was our ability to support people, businesses and communities. pleased to be here this afternoon to listen to a number That is the more pressing because of the unprecedented of maiden speeches from colleagues. Before I talk about crisis we are dealing with at the moment. The Chancellor the need for infrastructure to level up opportunities, I was right that the focus of his Budget was coronavirus want to address the immediate challenge of coronavirus. and how we deal with that. It dominated everything he I applaud the exceptional dedication of our health service said. As he acknowledged, Government action or inaction workers and medical experts in delivering a professional can influence the spread of coronavirus. Exhorting response to an international emergency. We all need to people to wash their hands, to use handkerchiefs and to play our part, heeding medical advice, but also supporting self-isolate—these things are really important and we those who are most vulnerable in our communities, do need everyone to follow the advice that is being whether it be neighbours or relatives. given. However, we in this House also need to help I am pleased to see measures in the Budget to support people to make the right decisions, even if these decisions smaller businesses and high streets in the difficult times will impact on them financially. In that respect, what ahead but I hope that we will be able to go further. It is the Chancellor said fell very far short of what is needed. vital to support employers most affected by this situation The measures he announced failed to extend statutory and all necessary steps must be taken to preserve jobs sick pay to roughly 2 million low-paid workers. They for people to go back to. Disruption to transport and have been left to rely on universal credit. Members all travel is particularly acute, and I welcome the measures across the House will be familiar with the huge number being undertaken by the Government and by operators. of difficulties that universal credit causes for people, Once the situation is resolved, it will be vital to get the day in and day out, when they fall foul of the delays and country back on track and refocus on the investment in the chaos that are essentially built into the system itself. infrastructure that was promised as part of the Budget. That is not good enough in the situation we are in: it We in north Staffordshire are well connected to the was not good enough before and it certainly is not good national infrastructure. The M6, A50, A500 and west enough now. coast main line all serve Stoke-on-Trent and, in future, 875 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 876 there will be High Speed 2 connectivity.But local transport can replicate elsewhere schemes that have been delivered in Stoke-on-Trent and north Staffordshire is very poor, in New Inn Lane, Anchor Road and Times Square in with chronic congestion on our roads. The A500/A50 my constituency over the last 12 months. currently operates at 110% capacity and often resembles I know that the Government are determined to deliver a car park. Incredibly, there is a great dependency on for Stoke-on-Trent, which, as the Prime Minister himself cars, despite 30% of the city’s population having no put it to me last week, is access to one. “the crucible in which the future of this country will be forged”.— Everyone struggles to get around the conurbation, [Official Report, 11 March 2020; Vol. 673, c. 274.] which limits access to employment, education and leisure I am delighted that we are in the running for transport opportunities. It also has a dramatic impact on local air investment from the Government, and I hope they will quality. The city is currently under ministerial direction give us their full backing to truly level up opportunity in to improve dangerous levels of air pollution. It is time Stoke-on-Trent. to level up. Road congestion and poor connectivity are a major barrier to employment for one of the most 5.1 pm disadvantaged parts of the country; it already struggles Rachel Hopkins (Luton South) (Lab): This is my first to access better opportunities. Improved local public Budget as a Member of Parliament. When I registered transport would support wider developments in the area, to speak in the debate more than a week ago, I chose to unlocking sites that are currently unviable for housing speak about the topic of levelling up and getting Britain and economic regeneration. building, because after 10 years of austerity hitting The decline of bus use across the Potteries has been at hard in my constituency, it is about time we saw some some of the highest levels in the country, with more investment. Although the coronavirus crisis overshadows than 1 million fewer bus journeys in Stoke-on-Trent in everything, I am still here to speak up on behalf of my the last year alone. The main reason for that, according constituents, who have been affected by a decade of to operators, is a lack of reliability and delays caused by decline. As my hon. Friend the Member for Middlesbrough road congestion. Perversely, that has led operators to (Andy McDonald) said from the Front Bench, we will run fewer services at rush hour than during off-peak times. get through this crisis, but it highlights the fragility of I am encouraged by the Transforming Cities fund many of my constituents’ lived experience. commitment to delivering a multi-modal transport hub Terminology such as “levelling up” allows the at Stoke station, but it is essential that Stoke-on-Trent Government to create a picture of improving living gets the full ask from that fund. I will be pressing standards and opportunities, but it is a fairy tale. Instead, Ministers, and the Secretary of State, on that point. A the Budget focuses on levelling up the market at the multi-modal hub at Stoke station is needed, but it also expense of the social infrastructure that serves people needs to be well connected to local communities across across the country. As working people continue to the whole area. It is vital that we see improvements to struggle to make ends meet in insecure employment, the bus services across the city as well as to smaller local benefit system continues to punish the most vulnerable stations. I hope the Government will also give serious in society and public services are squeezed, the Budget consideration to our superbus bid, which would focus ensures that fat cats in the City of London and big business on restoring routes, increasing frequency and capping continue to profit. fares,creating more bus priority measures and reintroducing Toconsider whether the Budget can deliver the levelling cross-city routes. up it so boldly claims to, we must judge it in the context In my constituency, I am campaigning to get a station of a decade of decline and consider whether it will restored at Meir on the existing north Staffordshire line, directly improve the lives of our constituents. The political as well as to reopen the mothballed Leek to Stoke line, choice of austerity and cuts in public spending over the with a station at Fenton Manor. With HS2 serving past 10 years has contributed to a severe housing crisis, Stoke-on-Trent via the promised Handsacre link, it is and the distinction between the haves and have-nots imperative that local feeder lines and local feeder stations is stark. are opened to spread the benefits of HS2 connectivity Inequality has rocketed as young people cannot get across the whole of north Staffordshire. I hope we on the housing ladder, renters are stuck in unfit homes, receive support for our bids to the reopening of railways families in need cannot get a council house, leaseholders and stations fund. are exploited by the system, and homelessness has reached On roads, I am grateful that my stream of letters to a disgraceful record high. The Conservatives’ reliance Transport Ministers and Highways England about M6 on a deregulated free-market ideology has also allowed junction 15 has not gone unnoticed. As my hon. Friend weak housing standards, as we see from the many poor the Member for Newcastle-under-Lyme (Aaron Bell) homes created under permitted development rights, and mentioned, we are delighted that the second road investment emboldened commercial property developers. There must strategy—RIS 2—will work up a scheme for junction 15 be greater investment in good-quality council housing. so it can enter its development stages in the RIS 3 According to Shelter,in 2018-19 only 6,287 new council pipeline. The Government are delivering the largest ever houses were delivered in England, despite 1.15 million investment in strategic roads, and I will work with local households being on housing waiting lists. In the same partners to build the case for much needed local year, 24,000 social rented homes were lost through sales improvements. and demolitions. Since 2010, the number of new I must also mention potholes. I am glad that Stoke- Government-funded social homes being built has dropped on-Trent has been promised more money to address the by 90%. Instead of building council houses or genuinely decades of under-investment in road maintenance by affordable homes, the Conservative Government have previous Labour councils. The council is now putting tried to obscure their cuts by labelling more homes more in, and extra help from the Government means we “affordable”—even when they are priced for sale at up 877 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 878

[Rachel Hopkins] to subsidise European transport. By pursuing a publicly owned, integrated transport system, we could ensure to £450,000, which would require someone to be lent a that every penny invested is focused on improving the mortgage worth nearly 15 times the average UK salary, standard of the service and working to tackle the climate or to rent at up to 80% of the market rate. Both are emergency. completely unaffordable for most families in Luton. This Budget is not about levelling up the country, but I know the Government will point to the commitment a series of policy proposals designed to distract from in the Budget to develop brownfield sites and to lower the damage inflicted over the past 10 years. Our social interest rates by 1% when councils borrow for social infrastructure is crumbling. We have a housing crisis. house building. However, neither commitment will Our transport system is broken. Regional inequality is sufficiently address the crisis. Brownfield land, because growing. The Budget is an extension of austerity and of quantity, location and remediation costs, will never a reminder that it is a political choice. It is political come close to meeting housing need on its own. The opportunism to protect the financial sector and burden 1% reduction in borrowing costs comes only one year our communities with a decade of cuts. It reaffirms what after the Public Works Loan Board increased borrowing we already knew: the Conservative Government will rates by 1%. This is smoke and mirrors. To level up and time and time again choose to put profit over people. to end the housing crisis, the Government need to be driving a national, publicly funded housebuilding 5.8 pm programme alongside councils and housing associations, Miriam Cates (Penistone and Stocksbridge) (Con): I not simply leaving it to the market. am grateful to have the opportunity to speak in this Similar disappointment is replicated in the Government’s debate. It has been a real honour to hear so many much anticipated and much needed transport infrastructure excellent maiden speeches.Like my hon. Friend the Member investment plan. We have a climate emergency and for North West Durham (Mr Holden), the moment the emergencies require urgent action, so public transport Blyth Valley result was declared was the moment I must be at the heart of the climate strategy. Instead of thought I had a chance of entering this place. I will investing in a sustainable integrated public transport never forget the look on the face of my hon. Friend the system, however,the Government announced a £27 billion Member for Blyth Valley (Ian Levy) when he stood on investment in roadbuilding and a fuel duty freeze. That the podium to make his acceptance speech and started is more than the investment for all other modes of with the words, “Thank you, Boris.” It was a memorable transport combined. This is ill-thought-through policy- moment. making, when we consider that over 60% of the UK’s The progression of coronavirus over the past few days, rail routes have yet to be electrified and that many train and our response to it, has overshadowed the Budget. It stations, such as Luton station, are in desperate need of is right that we focus every attention and effort on this remediation. significant challenge to our health, economy and way of The underfunding of public transport is not restricted life. Although it may take some time, we will overcome to rail. A decade of austerity has led to buses suffering a this challenge. I want to reflect on last week’s Budget real-terms funding cut of £645 million per year, the statement and how my right hon. Friend the Chancellor withdrawal of 3,300 routes, fares soaring at two and a signalled the most significant change to our national half times the rate of wages, and bus usage in England economic direction in my lifetime. outside of London falling by 11.9%. Buses are vital to For the last few decades, our economy has followed a the economic prosperity and social wellbeing of our path of centralisation. As a result, money, investment communities, but the cuts and restrictions imposed on and opportunity have been concentrated in London local councils have led to a franchising system which is and the south-east. Cities have prospered while our run to deliver profit to shareholders, not an excellent towns and villages have been left behind. Business in service for passengers. The creation of an integrated our capital city has boomed, but if someone wants to publicly owned transport system would provide a brilliant start a business in one of our northern towns, such as opportunity to level up our country by addressing Penistone, Stocksbridge or Chapeltown, they will be regional inequality. Regionally focused investment in lucky to find a bank that will help them with a start-up transportation is an important part of an effective industrial loan. In fact, they will be lucky to find a bank at all. If strategy to boost productivity. someone wants to travel from Croydon to central London The Budget, however, does nothing to address regional to work, they can choose from more than 20 services an investment inequality and accepts the outdated status hour with a journey time of about 20 minutes. If someone quo of London receiving £410 more investment per wants to get from Sheffield to Penistone, which is a passenger than the east of England. Rather than using similar distance, they can expect a journey time of taxpayer’s money to invest in green affordable public 45 minutes and just one train an hour. transport to promote regional growth, the Government As my right hon. Friend the Prime Minister said, have subsidised failed rail franchises, which, after their talent is spread evenly across our country,but opportunity collapse or even now in the wake of the crisis, has is not. Last Wednesday, the Chancellor delivered a exposed the limitations of a profit-driven privatised Budget that begins to spread opportunity across every railway and funded the profits of bus operators. Virgin part of the UK. During the election campaign, our Trains East Coast, Arriva Northern Rail and the loss of manifesto commitment to level up our transport bus routes in my constituency demonstrate the failure infrastructure and public services struck a chord with of a market-driven transport system. voters in my constituency. When I was knocking on Bringing transport into public ownership is not radical. doors in Burncross, Midhopestones and Dodworth, Wehave German, Italian and Dutch state-owned companies people talked frequently about poor or non-existent bus running our railways and buses, and the profits are used and train services. They spoke of a lack of opportunity 879 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 880 for young people and frustration about always losing to deal with those families and what is the timeline? out to the big cities. Our promises to invest heavily in If they are supposed to self-isolate with their children, public transport, hospitals, GPs and schools encouraged what steps should schools take to ensure that those people to lend their votes to the Conservatives. We know children are not held back at school? What about cases what happened next. where a school closes and parents cannot work? How The Budget was about delivering on those promises will they get paid? and demonstrating to people across the UK, but especially I want to ask the Government to consider seriously in the north and in left-behind towns, that we meant the question of closing schools. I have just received an what we said. We have heard important announcements email from a constituent who says that her son, who is on infrastructure, such as the commitment to Northern at Salford University, has been sent home for five weeks, Powerhouse Rail and a £4.5 billion transforming cities but her other son, who is disabled, is still having to fund that will revolutionise the way that northern towns attend his primary school. Such inconsistencies need to and cities connect, and give access to jobs, training and be addressed. opportunities. We are also told that frontline staff are not being The hon. Member for Middlesbrough (Andy McDonald) tested for coronavirus. Can the Minister confirm whether mentioned the £500 million Restoring Your Railway that is true? If so, what is the Government’s reasoning Fund. He was right that that will not open many miles behind it? We need to know more about NHS capacity. of track, but he has misunderstood what the fund is for, What steps are being taken to move beds from the which is to fund business cases for new lines or for private sector,and what is the timeline? Will the Government existing lines to be reopened, such as the Stocksbridge consider following Spain’s example by nationalising all to Sheffield line in my constituency. Along with the private hospitals? Sheffield city region, we have completed the next stage What about ventilators? To date, 69 people have died, in our bid to the Department for Transport to hopefully and everyone knows that those who fall seriously ill as get some of that money to make a clear business case a result of coronavirus will need ventilators—they will for that service, which will connect residents with jobs, be our saving grace, and the one thing that will help training, leisure and healthcare, and allow cyclists and prevent deaths. However, it seems that we might not tourists to visit our fantastic area. have enough ventilators. Germany and Italy are ramping A £5 billion fund for buses and cycle routes shows up production of medical ventilators, which cost about that the Government recognise how important those $17,000 each. In Italy the army is now involved in the local journeys are to our communities. I am holding out production lines. Can the Minister confirm whether the for a new number 26 bus between Penistone and Fox reports are true that the UK has one small manufacturer Valley. Of course, the £33.9 billion for the NHS and the of ventilators that has a 40% market share? Will the additional relief measures will make sure that our most Government consider giving Ministers specific responsibility valuable national service continues to be the envy of the for ensuring that UK production is increased urgently world. by following what Italy has done? The Budget sets out a path to future prosperity, in a We also have to deal with older people who are future where opportunity and growth can be spread vulnerable in our communities. Many of my constituents evenly and fairly across our country. The key to our are coming together to help out, and it is great to see success in improving productivity will be helping people that community spirit, but there are people who are in areas such as Penistone and Stocksbridge to start homeless and food banks are reporting shortages. What their own businesses that employ people, grow and provision is being given to help local authorities and create wealth. The Budget was unequivocally pro-business. voluntary bodies meet the needs of vulnerable groups? It increased employment allowance, cut rates and made Again, we need to know what will be given and what the provision for start-up and scale-up loans. timeline is. We have a major hurdle to overcome that will require Insecure workers and those on low pay must be Government intervention, individual effort and national protected and supported through this crisis. Many people unity. We face economic disruption, but the Government in Bolton are self-employed or on zero-hours contracts. are doing everything they can to make sure that the Now that whole households are being advised to quarantine disruption is temporary, so that when it has passed, we together, many families will lose all their income unless can take hold of our one-nation mission to level up our the Government step in. We will all be in danger if those economy and spread prosperity and opportunity to every with symptoms feel unable to stay at home. If they are corner of the United Kingdom. not going to have any money, they might take the risk of going to work even though they should be self-isolating. 5.13 pm That is why full sick pay is needed to cover the entire Yasmin Qureshi (Bolton South East) (Lab): While I period for which someone is in self-isolation, and of welcome the Government’s delayed decision finally to course if they are then diagnosed with the virus. That ramp up some measures yesterday, I am not alone in has been done successfully elsewhere in Europe. It is a feeling that far too many major questions have been left responsibility that we cannot avoid. unanswered and that not enough is being done. Today’s Furthermore, some people will be unable to pay their Financial Times reported that our mortality rate tracker bills, so what is the Government’s plan in relation to shows that we have more deaths at this stage of the break- mortgage payments, rent, council tax, utility bills, VAT out than anywhere except Spain. and business rates? Are they thinking of cancelling the A number of questions need to be addressed. Parents debt, or saying that people can defer payment? Rent with serious health conditions have not been told whether and mortgage payment deferment options should be they should send their children to school or keep them made available so that landlords cannot evict tenants at home. What plans do the Government have in place and mortgage companies cannot take action against 881 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 882

[Yasmin Qureshi] As a famous political scientist once said, the first responsibility of the state is the protection of its citizens, people in these circumstances. The Government need to and at this time the citizens of the United Kingdom work with the banks and mortgage lenders to offer need their health, and their economic health, to be mortgage payments. looked after. In 2008, the Labour Government invested The same questions about paying staff and bills will a substantial amount to bail us out of the economic apply to businesses that have seen demand plummet, disasters. I know that people have made this a party and some are facing bankruptcy.How do the Government political issue, but virtually all economists, all world propose to help them? How will their policies help those banks and central banks agreed that Labour’s 2008 who run out of cash, which is a particular problem for bail-out package saved our economy. We need that level small companies? Of course, other businesses will also of intervention now to save our economy. We need to be affected. ensure that our people who might be losing their jobs do not lose them, and that companies will be kept At the moment, I am not entirely confident that the afloat. We require the Government to intervene—not in Government will move quickly to give workers the a few weeks’ time, but today. support that they will need in the coming months. So far,many of their announcements have not been full enough and have not dealt with all those different issues. 5.23 pm Another industry that will be hit is, of course, the Jonathan Gullis (Stoke-on-Trent North) (Con): I am hospitality industry.A banqueting suite in my constituency delighted to speak in this debate about levelling up, is already preparing for cancellations. It will probably especially in relation to the Budget. Following the comments go out of business. Pubs, cafés and other such places of my esteemed hon. Friend the Member for Stoke-on-Trent will be closing down. They may well go out of business, South (Jack Brereton), I could not think of a better and all their staff will be laid off. Because the Government place for the levelling up agenda to take place. We in have not introduced a compulsory lockdown, those Stoke-on-Trent are at the heart of the midlands engine. businesses cannot even claim insurance. I know that this We are on the cusp of the northern powerhouse. We question has already been asked, but I do want to know have the M6, the A50 corridor, the A500, the Handsacre what the answer is. If it is to stop insurance companies HS2 link is coming to our fine city, and we have four having to make a big payment, then the Government international airports within 60 minutes of us. I could can reach an agreement with them. They can subrogate not think of a better place, and I am delighted that the their losses for what they pay out, which is a traditional Chief Secretary is in his place. I remember when he way of dealing with some of these matters. came with me to Stoke-on-Trent North to visit some of Full sick pay and lost earning protection are needed the amazing businesses that we saw on display. He was from day one for all our workers, including insecure excited and impressed, and I am sure, having had my workers, low-paid workers, and the self-employed who hon. Friend the Member for Stoke-on-Trent South as are self-isolating. The Government must give quick his Parliamentary Private Secretary in his previous role, consideration to the issue of compensation, and to how that he has heard about Stoke-on Trent more times than much it should be. There will be a great many job losses. he cares to imagine. I know that the Treasury will be That is why there should be urgent action and a rethink looking to ensure that this fine city, and obviously on universal credit, which started some time ago. The Kidsgrove and Talke, are delivered for as well. five-week waiting time should be cut immediately, and [Interruption.] I say to the hon. Member for Aberdeen the process of making a claim should be simplified. Will South (Stephen Flynn): I will say Stoke-on-Trent much Ministers reconsider the requirement to be present for more, believe me, my friend! universal credit interviews, immediately suspend sanctions I welcome the business-friendly measures set out in and claimant agreements, and reduce the waiting time the Budget by my right hon. Friend the Chancellor, for the first payment? What about all the people who especially the effective abolition of business rates for have to go to jobcentres to sign on regularly? Have the businesses in properties valued at £51,000 or less as we jobcentres been told to say that those people do not fight coronavirus for the next financial year. This is have to go out for the next few months? That would excellent news for the high street across my patch, and obviously reduce the number of contacts. an opportunity for regeneration as we rebuild after I understand that the Government say that their coronavirus, so that we can review business rates to strategy is being led by scientific advisers when it comes make them fairer and not a burden to our beloved high to closures of schools or other places, but over the streets. weekend 200 scientists wrote that that was not a good I welcome the town deal in Kidsgrove and the enough policy, and that the Government should be opportunity that that will bring to economically regenerate considering closures to ensure that there were the fewest a much-forgotten town, but I also wish to urge that we possible contacts in the UK. see an opportunity to improve the high streets within That is linked with the question of airports. What are the city of Stoke-on-Trent. Many Members might be we doing about them? It has already been said that aware that, while we are a city under the Office for some airlines will be cancelling flights. Of course there National Statistics definition, we are the six towns. Sadly, are British citizens who are abroad, and who need to under the future high streets criteria, we are unable to come back. What will be done about them? I know that access that type of funding. I hope that when that this was raised during Foreign Office questions earlier scheme is rolled out again, towns such as Burslem and today, but I think that the Government need to come up Tunstall, but also ones such as Fenton and Longton in with a proper plan for all those people, some of whom the constituency of my hon. Friend the Member for live here and work here, and some of whom are not British Stoke-on-Trent South, will get an opportunity to bid. nationals but work here. Burslem, tragically, already has the most closed high 883 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 884 street shops in the UK. With this terrible coronavirus, gigabit into every home in Stoke-on-Trent, but to increase which is going to ravage our economy, the high street entrepreneurial endeavours, boost the housing market will only suffer more. and increase provisions for flexible working. I have been That is why I urge the Government to continue what working with my Staffordshire colleagues to bring the they did in Burslem by match funding us to allow very best connections to Stoke-on-Trent, Kidsgrove and £10 million for the Royal Doulton site, so we can Talke, so much so that silicon Stoke is slowly morphing redevelop and repurpose the use of some of the land into silicon Staffs. and buildings that we have. Sadly, in Stoke-on-Trent, Wehave a plan, with the backing of our local enterprise Kidsgrove and Talke, property is so cheap that there is partnership, businesses such as JCB and Bet365, and no financial incentive for developers to go in, regenerate local universities, for a Staffordshire 5G-connected regional those high streets and turn buildings into purpose-built growth deal. That would make Staffordshire and Stoke- flats. I would be most grateful for any help from the on-Trent the first region in the UK to develop a publicly Government in that regard. As we learn to adapt to the owned digital infrastructure, underpinned by fibre, 4G consumer changes brought about by the digital revolution, and 5G, and would make us the first region in the UK it is absolutely right and correct for the Government to to provide 100% gigabit coverage, as this Budget demands. step in and take action to protect the hearts of our towns Such a development would create both an at-scale and cities. commercial 5G network and a regional 5G demonstrator In addition to the supportive measures for business for future roll-out across the UK. That could potentially announced in the Budget, I was delighted, as I know unlock billions into a region that, for too long, has seen many of my constituents will be, to see the national very little investment. insurance contribution thresholds increase, saving the In one of the first debates I took part in, I advocated average employee £104 per year from April. In Stoke-on- a freeze in beer duty and championed the great British Trent North, Kidsgrove and Talke, changes to national pub, so I am over the moon to see duty rates frozen on insurance mean that people can keep more of their beer, cider and spirits. I know that Titanic Brewery, a hard-earned cash, and with the increase in the national first-class brewing company that I have mentioned before living wage, those hard-working people will also see a in this House, will be relieved and will be celebrating pay rise. appropriately. I can hardly go any further without mentioning I applaud my right hon. Friend the Chancellor and education. I have a vision of prosperity for Stoke-on-Trent the Treasury team for their hard work on finding a way North, Kidsgrove and Talke. That vision can materialise to freeze fuel duty for another year. That is an essential only through investment in education. With the Government measure to ease the cost of living for many across the investing vast sums in further education, silicon Stoke is country and help people and businesses reliant upon very much a real possibility. I want to see Stoke on vehicles. I do believe we should set our sights to the Trent College partnering with Staffordshire University longer term when considering greener transportation and Keele University to become an institute of technology and more public transportation, and this Budget’s record and a beacon of the technological revolution. That is investment in infrastructure will certainly help to deliver even more possible with the money invested prior to that. However, in the meantime, I believe securing access this Budget in the redevelopment of Burslem campus, to be extremely important, and I am proud to be a part which has included a new, innovative £10.5 million of a Parliament that is taking ordinary people’s lives technology hub. and concerns seriously. My ambition is to bring free schools to my constituency. I would like to take this moment to unreservedly I want schools with high standards and high expectations, welcome Stoke-on- Trent’s shout-out in the Red Book both at primary and secondary level, which could therefore as a potential multi-modal transport hub, under the drive outcomes. That could lead into the ambition of transforming cities fund. Such a hub would change the my right hon. Friend the Chancellor for one of 11 landscape of travel across Stoke-on-Trent. A revamped 16-to-19 specialist maths schools to be opened in Stoke- travel map for Stoke could improve connections, with on-Trent, Kidsgrove and Talke, with support, I hope, Longport receiving a park and ride, if we are given, as from local entrepreneurs such as Denise Coates of we must be, the full ask in the transforming cities fund Bet365, Carol Shanahan of Synetics Solutions and Ian bid, and finally deliver accessibility for all at Kidsgrove. Donaldson of Autonet. Back in 2015, under my predecessor’s predecessor, Added to that is the £14 billion going into schools to £5.5 million of public money was given to Network Rail level up per-pupil funding. That means my constituents for this, but it is yet to deliver those important Access in Stoke-on-Trent North, Kidsgrove and Talke can be for All upgrades—that is an abomination. provided with more opportunity to unlock their potential. We could also realise the huge potential for improved It is fantastic to see investments also announced in cycle and pedestrian routes, especially alongside the apprenticeships and sports. Trent and Mersey canal to Stoke station, and pave the On a similar note, the Government announced a way for improved bus services. We hope that that would whopping £5 billion of investment in ensuring that be through the excellent superbus pilot, which I know gigabit-capable broadband—that is full fibre, 5G and so my colleagues from north Staffordshire have been anxiously on—can reach every UK home by the end of 2025. I bidding on in order to secure it, especially for Stoke-on- have held meetings with the excellent Swedish firm, Trent, Kidsgrove and Talke. To parrot the words of my VX Fiber, operating in Stoke-on-Trent, which informed hon. Friend the Member for Stoke-on-Trent South me that the UK is around 15 years behind Sweden in again, we have seen 1 million fewer passengers on our this technology. This money is enormously welcomed, buses in the past 12 months and 5.4 million fewer over not only to bring silicon Stoke ever closer, after the the past decade. That is a shocking thing to hear and it Government have already invested £9.2 million to support is certainly not going to help us to reach our net zero 885 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 886

[Jonathan Gullis] It is right that one of the main features of the Budget is the measures on coronavirus, and it is those measures target, so that superbus pilot, with the transforming that I shall address first. cities fund, would fundamentally revolutionise public The Government committed in the Budget to have an transport across Stoke-on-Trent. open purse for the NHS to combat covid-19. That is This vision stands strong enough on its own, but let exactly the correct approach, but it is wrong to ignore us imagine the connective capabilities when the Handsacre the current state of our NHS and public health service. link of HS2 is delivered to the area. The transforming There have been years of cuts under this Government—cuts cities fund and the opportunities it unleashes for my to community health provision, the closure of hospital constituency cannot be understated. This hyper-connectivity departments and understaffed medical professionals in could set the foundation for further expansion, such our hospitals. The list goes on. All those aspects lead to as reopening the Stoke to Leek line, bringing back longer waiting lists, delayed appointments and cancelled Milton station and having a station at Chatterley to operations, and cause increased pain, discomfort and serve Tunstall. It will also be central to delivering on burdens for our constituents. our campaign promise of levelling up, and regenerating On that note, I thank all the campaigners who some post-industrial towns and cities, while remaining conscious years ago campaigned, with the local authority, to save of the environmental framework to reduce emissions Lewisham Hospital’s A&E service. I pay special tribute and improve air quality. I understand that my right hon. to my predecessor, Heidi Alexander, for the role that she Friend the Chancellor has an awful lot on his plate, and played. That campaign demonstrated what we can do of course our response to coronavirus must take precedence and achieve when we come together as a society, which over all other things, but I would like to raise some is exactly what we need to do now. issues that remain prominent to my constituents. Years of cuts have meant a reduction in the number Chatterley Whitfield is an incredible example of a of hospital beds and in the number of acute beds in heritage site that has huge historical significance and intensive care units. According to figures from the OECD, huge potential. Would the Minister be willing to meet the UK has just 6.6 ICU beds per 100,000 people, me to discuss regeneration projects for sites such as compared with 29.2 in Germany, 12.5 in Italy and 9.7 in Chatterley Whitfield and how we can create financial France. Sir Simon Stevens, head of NHS England, was incentives for former coalfield sites and communities, as arguing that the NHS needed an extra 10,000 acute we have seen in the industrial Ruhr, in Germany? hospital beds even before coronavirus was spoken about. Kidsgrove sports centre is another key local campaign We are behind our European friends. I am sorry to of mine, and its closure, under the then Labour-controlled say that we are not leading the way on this—not under Newcastle-under-Lyme Borough Council, was a blow this Government—and nor are we leading the way on to the local community. Is my right hon. Friend the the climate crisis. Out of the G7 countries, the UK’s Chancellor making all provisions necessary to ensure health spending per person is the second lowest, behind that, public health allowing, core community hubs, France and Germany. We do not want to be a country especially those focused on encouraging a healthy lifestyle, that is behind others; we want to be a country at the are supported to remain open and active? forefront—at the cutting edge. Our current position is a I wish to finish by putting on record my thanks to all consequence of a decade of NHS underfunding, wrapped those in our NHS, social care, schools and other public around the auspices of austerity. services, and hope that every one of them is as safe as Although the Government are picking up the pieces possible. I know that that feeling is shared among of their own failure by now investing in hospitals and Members from all parties. Like them, I will work tirelessly resources to combat coronavirus, I do believe that they to ensure that people, businesses and voluntary sector are doing so with a level of sincerity. It is not quick groups are protected as much as possible during these enough, though, and there is not enough openness and unprecedented times. Never in my lifetime have I ever transparency. We do not need dither and delay. We need known such a situation. more coronavirus testing for public health staff, NHS In my short time as the Member of Parliament for staff and the public. No one can expect staff to carry on Stoke-on-Trent North, Kidsgrove and Talke, I have met as usual without first being tested. We owe it to the some remarkable people such as June Cartwright, and public, and to ourselves, to be able to see a clear picture organisations such as Middleport Matters Community of how the virus is spreading, who has it and how to Trust. I know that they will work tirelessly to ensure manage it. that we level up Stoke-on-Trent North, Kidsgrove and The people of this country are behaving responsibly. Talke and unlock its potential. I know that my community I applaud the British public for beginning to stay at is stronger than any adversity. home and for acting sensibly, as well as for working at home, but I encourage them not to panic buy, so that Mr Deputy Speaker (Mr Nigel Evans): I congratulate there is enough for all. For example, we all need toilet the Whip on duty, the hon. Member for Walsall North paper, so will people please consider their neighbours at (Eddie Hughes), on having resisted any temptation to this time? The legislation that is coming out later this say yes to any request in that speech in the Minister’s week will seek to address the financial aid that is needed absence. to prevent our society from diving further into unnecessary poverty. 5.35 pm I turn now to pressing issues in my constituency Janet Daby (Lewisham East) (Lab): This Budget has which the Budget did not address: education and social been presented at a time of national and global crisis care. This April, 83% of schools will be worse off than relating to coronavirus. Indeed, that crisis dominates in 2015. The National Education Union has claimed people’s minds and thinking throughout the country. that the Budget does not support a long-term plan for 887 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 888 the millions of young people being educated within a I welcome the Chancellor’s first Budget. He came chronically underfunded system. The Government know into the hot seat and delivered an excellent Budget, but that a lack of funding is putting schools and colleges the coronavirus has meant that the six days from the under greater pressure: class sizes are rising; subjects time that he delivered the Budget to now is a long time, are being dropped; SEN support is disappearing; and so I look forward to his statement this evening. inadequate pay is making the staff crisis worse. Furthermore, on the issue of SEN spend and support, Stephen Flynn: It is my understanding that the Chancellor from next month, councils will no longer be able to has just made an announcement in relation to support reduce education budget deficits by taking money out for businesses. I hope that the hon. Gentleman will of other spending. That will almost certainly squeeze agree with me that, when the Minister sums up, he funding for early years and for special educational should provide clarity in and around the terms of the needs—two areas already financially stricken—and force loans that are being proposed for business. Although even more parents towards legal action to get the necessary the overall sum is welcome, we do need some clarity on support for their child’s education. the loans. The Prime Minister gave a commitment in his first speech in Downing Street to fix the crisis in social care Neil Parish: The hon. Member has very much made with a “clear plan”. That has not happened and is not his point, and I suspect that our Ministers and the happening. There is no legislation in the Government Secretary of State have listened to what he said, and agenda on social care and no reform. The Prime Minister I suspect that there will be complete clarity from the needs to keep his promise. He needs to stand by his Government, as I would expect nothing else. word to deliver long-term reform, which is needed to increase access to social care; to help the 1.5 million The Chief Secretary to the Treasury (Steve Barclay): people who are currently going without the support My hon. Friend knows me well. they need; and to support people with dementia to ensure that they receive the additional support that they Neil Parish: And, of course, I know the Chief Secretary need. Carers are also part of this as they play a vital role very well. in our society. They are often under-appreciated and I am encouraged by the tireless efforts of NHS staff, underpaid. Standards need to be raised by ending the and I very much pay tribute to what the hon. Member use of zero-hour contracts, ensuring that carers are paid for Lewisham East (Janet Daby) said: we need to thank a real living wage, ending the 15-minute care visits and medical staff throughout the NHS for all the excellent improving access to training and development for care work that they are doing to tackle coronavirus because staff. I wait for the Prime Minister to keep his promise it is unprecedented, though we can make all sorts of to our country, to fix the crisis in social care and to have predictions. We need to be out there and sort it out. a plan. That is why the Government have introduced clear Finally, I welcome the upgrade to two stations in my measures that will help. constituency and I wish to thank all NHS staff for all they are doing to support our country and to support We are going to come under greater pressure over the patients and people affected by coronavirus. I appreciate coming weeks and months, so I welcome the £5 billion and thank the medics, the porters, the cleaners, the emergency response outlined in the Budget. The funding ambulance drivers and all people who are working for will ensure that the NHS will receive the support that our NHS. it needs. Even with that large sum of money, we will probably need to keep it under review. I welcome, too, 5.42 pm the Government’scommitment to support local councils— Neil Parish (Tiverton and Honiton) (Con): It is a the £500 million hardship fund will help local authorities great pleasure to speak in this Budget debate. It is also a to protect the most vulnerable members of our community. great pleasure to speak after some very excellent maiden The Government, however, must ensure that that funding speeches from my hon. Friend the Member for Blyth is readily available and distributed quickly. We must cut Valley (Ian Levy), the hon. Member for Liverpool, West bureaucracy to ensure that individuals and businesses Derby (Ian Byrne), and my hon. Friends the Members get the support that they need. Very often, we are laudable for Bolton North East (Mark Logan) and for Derbyshire in this place—Governments of all colours always want Dales (Miss Dines). to take action—but we must make sure that we take I was particularly intrigued by my hon. Friend the action quickly. Member for Blyth Valley who told us that his wife, Many local businesses have contacted me rightly to Maureen, had said, “If you feel strongly about something express concern about how covid-19 will affect them. get out and do it.” That is why he became an MP. His Government measures to suspend business rates and wife Maureen has much in common with my own wife, refund sick-pay payments for smaller firms are welcome, Sue. Whenever I complain about something, she will but the Government need to be ready to provide more say, “You are a Member of Parliament, do something emergency payments to support those businesses. My about it.” So I endeavour to do so immediately, as you fear, especially for smaller and, indeed, all types of can imagine, Mr Deputy Speaker. businesses, is that if they cannot pay their bills the We plan to level up the whole country, and we are knock-on effect on all other businesses and employees starting very well with this Budget. As we go north, let will be huge. This is unprecedented, and we need to take us also goes south, west and east. Let us do it all while action. we are at it. Wehave excellent new Members of Parliament The scientific knowledge and understanding of the on these Conservative Benches, plus those of us who have virus are constantly changing. We need to ensure that been here a little while, to help get this policy delivered, the Government have the flexibility to adapt as the because it is right that we do that. situation unfolds. Across Devon, we have seen an 889 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 890

[Neil Parish] Edward du Cann talked about the A303 in 1958, and it has still not been dualled. We now have the opportunity outpouring of offers of support for all those affected. I to build the tunnel and the rest of the dualling from wish all charities and organisations well across the Andover right the way down to Ilminster. I would then country, especially in my constituency, so that they like the last piece from Ilminster to Honiton to be done, come together and keep communities together, because but I will wait for that to happen. We must get the we will very much need to do so through this very, very diggers actually digging the road and delivering. It is challenging time. As many Members have said in the important that not only do we put these roads and rail House, it is probably the most challenging time that in our Budgets but that we actually deliver them. That is anyone has experienced in living memory, especially what people want. because the virus has the potential to lay the whole I welcome the £1.5 billion in capital spending on economy low. further education colleges. There are FE colleges in In the Budget, we predicted that the economy would Axminster, Honiton, Cullompton and Tiverton, and grow by 1.1% this year. It will be interesting to see the they provide a very good education, including for those effect of coronavirus on that. I would say to the Opposition, who left school young and perhaps did not know exactly who will naturally pour a little doubt on the economy, what they wanted to do with their lives. They go to that in both the coalition and Conservative Governments further education colleges later in life and do good we have turned the country round with the hard work of things for themselves, their families and the country. the British people. We have turned the economy round, so that we can go forward and spend this money on Jonathan Gullis: On further education, does my hon. infrastructure in particular. At the moment, interest Friend agree that it is so important that we continue rates are low, and we have the ability, according to the with level 2 courses? They may be at a lower level, but Chancellor, to take up loans over 15 years, so we can set for the people my hon. Friend is describing they are an reasonably low interest rates for them, all being well, access route to higher level apprenticeships further on. over that period. We need to upgrade our rail and road infrastructure, and deliver broadband across the country, Neil Parish: I could not agree with my hon. Friend and now is the time to do it. I have said in three or four more on level 2 schemes. Going back to nursing and all elections that I am going to deliver broadband to the those types of occupations, it is so necessary and there whole constituency, but I think my constituents are still is a pool of people out there who will be wanting to do waiting. I do not want to have to go to them in another that work, so long as they can build their skills and so election and say about the promise of broadband, “It’s long as we have the necessary education there. I very coming—it’s still definitely coming!” Seriously, we have much welcome that suggestion, but again we have to to make sure that we deliver that, as the issue has a huge deliver it to our colleges. effect on our economy and businesses as well as on our ability to deliver good business opportunities in the I also very much welcome the £500 million over the countryside. With the right broadband infrastructure next few years for electric vehicles and charging infra- and a very good broadband connection, many businesses structure, because we will need many more electric cars. can be run anywhere in the countryside. I do not think building roads and bypasses is wrong for air quality and air pollution. Actually, Mr Speaker— Naturally,I am delighted that the Chancellor maintained Mr Deputy Speaker, I beg your pardon; I have elevated the availability of red diesel for farmers in particular, you—I think that when we build a bypass or a dual but also for commercial ferries and fishing boats. It is carriageway and we stop that congestion, we lower the absolutely vital that we maintain that at this particular pollution that comes from our vehicles. It is therefore moment. Agriculture has seen one of the wettest, if not not only good for getting people through. Looking at the wettest, winter of all time, and there are huge the A303 and the motorways into the west country—it challenges. That brings me neatly to the doubling of the is a very big holiday area and very good for the economy—it money for flood defences to £5.2 billion over the next is good for air quality if we can keep those cars moving. five years. We have to work out what we are going to do If we can make sure that in the future the majority of about flood protection. The Environment Agency needs cars and eventually all cars are electric, then we solve to be absolutely clear about what it is and is not going many problems. We would also still have a great ability to defend. We may have long periods of dry weather, to have the family car, which I think so many people want. but when we have rain it comes quickly and we get a lot of flooding. I look forward to putting the money to Bob Stewart (Beckenham) (Con): Can I remind my good use, but we must be clear about where we are going hon. Friend that I think hydrogen cars will be making to spend it. a big entry into the market very shortly? I am waiting I am happy to see that £2.5 billion will be made for the hydrogen car, so I do not have to plug it in every available to fix potholes. Perhaps not at the moment, night. given the coronavirus, but in normal times, believe it or not, one gets as many letters about potholes as anything Neil Parish: My hon. Friend may have to wait a little else. There are as many roads in Devon as in the whole while for the hydrogen car. I think that there will be of Belgium, so imagine the number of potholes. One some hydrogen cars, but what there will be many more or two constituents have lost wheels and various other of before that are hydrogen lorries. There is no doubt parts of their cars going over them, so it becomes a that the one vehicle where we have a problem is the major issue. lorry. It needs huge power for towing loads and the I was very keen to see the money for the A303 and the diesel engine, whether we like it or not, has that capability. tunnel under Stonehenge. If my hon. Friend the Member We actually need a hydrogen lorry, rather than an for Salisbury (John Glen) were here, he would be delighted. electric lorry, because at the moment an electric lorry 891 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 892 would have to carry most of the weight that it can carry prosperity.At the other end of the scale, Mark Littlewood in batteries in order to deliver the power. I can therefore of the Institute of Economic Affairs points to places see hydrogen lorries being very effective in the long like Doncaster, which are very well connected, yet their term. economy is not in great shape. The arbiter on this is another economist, David Smith, who writes in The Sunday Stephen Flynn: On that topic, I invite the hon. Gentleman Times. He says that public sector spending without to Aberdeen, where we have hydrogen lorries, hydrogen private sector investment is a waste of money, so we cars and hydrogen refuelling stations. need to ensure that we encourage and incentivise the private sector to invest. Neil Parish: Putting my hat on as the Chair of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee, and One way of doing that is through super enterprise having done a lot in previous inquiries on air quality, zones. We could look at the devolved regions. The Tees I should come and see exactly what Aberdeen is doing, Valley is a very good example in my neighbourhood. because hydrogen has huge capabilities. There are nine devolved regions, each with an elected Mayor, and of all those regions, the Tees Valley comes Sir Desmond Swayne (New Forest West) (Con): Forgive bottom in terms of average wages and GDP. We could, my ignorance, but does a hydrogen-propelled vehicle for example, make the bottom three combined authorities work on the same principle generally as the internal super enterprise zones for their entire area, with enhanced combustion engine, in that there is an explosion that capital allowances and no business rates. creates a vacuum that turns a crank? Jonathan Gullis: I could not agree more with my hon. Neil Parish: I do not have the detail to give an exact Friend. In Stoke-on-Trent we have the ceramic valley answer to my right hon. Friend, but I do know that enterprise zone, which is thriving. Does he agree that, hydrogen is mainly produced from water with electricity, especially in the time of coronavirus, such zones should so the actual fuel itself is so much cleaner and so much be expanded to give those businesses every opportunity less polluting. I cannot give him all the details of exactly to survive? how the engine itself runs, but it uses a clean fuel and gives that support. Kevin Hollinrake: Yes, definitely. That will level up in Overall, I believe that this Budget is very good for the the process, but we have to get private sector involvement. future of this country and the people of this country. I It is the private sector that creates jobs, not the public look forward, as I have said, to the statement later this sector. That is a means to an end in terms of transport evening from the Chancellor, because I think that the spending. We have to get the private sector to move thing that is worrying all our populations and all our into these areas, start up and scale up or expand their constituents at the moment is coronavirus. We need to businesses. get through this. We need people to have enough income I primarily want to talk about covid-19. We are to pay their rent or their mortgage and keep their talking about levelling up. If we are not careful with families running, as well as their businesses, so that we this, there will be levelling down, because the coronavirus do not have a knock-on effect of business failure bringing will have a huge impact. We cannot even contemplate other businesses down with it. I look forward to the the size of the impact that this could have on our statement, and I very much welcome this Budget. economy and business sector. This could be an existential crisis for hundreds of thousands of businesses. It is huge. 5.59 pm The situation is so fluid, but we need to give people Kevin Hollinrake (Thirsk and Malton) (Con): It is confidence—and we are getting there—that we will always a pleasure to follow my hon. Friend the Member support them through this crisis. I was heartened by the for Tiverton and Honiton (Neil Parish), who has such Chancellor talking at the Dispatch Box about what he knowledge of rural matters. It is also a pleasure to has done so far and what he will do in future if that is follow so many fine maiden speeches from my hon. not enough. He has spoken this afternoon about a Friends the Members for South West Hertfordshire massively enhanced package, and that is exactly what (Mr Mohindra), for Blyth Valley (Ian Levy), for Bolton we need, because the scale of this is huge. Capital North East (Mark Logan) and for Derbyshire Dales Economics does not give the rosiest outlook in its (Miss Dines) and the hon. Member for Liverpool, West forecast of the economic situation in the UK. It predicts Derby (Ian Byrne)—they were all fantastic speeches. that there could be a 15% drop in gross domestic I draw the House’s attention to my entry in the product within a three-month period. If we compare Register of Members’ Financial Interests. I would like that with the great financial crash, we saw a 6% reduction to talk primarily about the impact of the current situation in GDP over a few years from 2008. on business, but I will touch briefly on levelling up, We need to say to businesses and consumers—and if which was going to dominate my speech. I have always we do not, it will cost us the amount anyway—what the been a huge advocate of levelling up—we used to call it German Finance Minister said a week ago: that, as far “a fairer deal for the north”—so the investment spending as possible, no company should get into existential is welcome. However, I have made the point before in trouble and no job should be lost as a result of this the Chamber that simply public sector spending will crisis. That is the message we need to get out. Macron not do. has said the same thing, with a ¤300 billion guarantee It is said that if all the economists in the world were that no firm will go bust due to social distancing. laid end to end, they still would not reach a conclusion. I will mention two economists who have different views Sir Desmond Swayne: That is an admirable ambition on this subject. Andy Haldane, chief economist at the to have and I do hope that the Government accept Bank of England, said that connectivity is crucial to that ambition, but be in no doubt that we have, in 893 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 894

[Sir Desmond Swayne] going to have to go further, and that will put up the national debt by a significant degree: £100 billion, effect, closed down the hospitality industry and public £200 billion or probably £300 billion. I am sure we will entertainment, and that will require the Government to get the Opposition’s support for that. We have to see pay those wages. businesses through this time, because we will pay for it whatever happens. Kevin Hollinrake: My right hon. Friend makes a very I really welcome the measures from the Chancellor so good point. One of the difficulties with the announcement far, and there are great measures again today. We must last night was that it was not brought forward with a get through this. We have to give businesses confidence package of remediation or mitigation. I think that has and to say to consumers: “You won’t lose your job. You come today, and clarity of that is very welcome. won’t lose your business. We will get you through this.” We are going to need to pump hundreds of billions of That is what we have to say, and that way we will avoid pounds—not the odd billion, £5 billion or £10 billion—into the worst possible side of recession, we will save jobs the economy. I think the Chancellor has announced and we will save businesses. It is the right thing to say, today £330 billion-worth of loans for the business sector, and I am absolutely confident that the Chancellor will which is absolutely right, with £25,000 for businesses do it. that are not insured for losses from business interruption, 6.9 pm plus business rates holidays and three-month mortgage holidays, which is also absolutely right. If we talk about Peter Aldous (Waveney) (Con): I welcome the opportunity this in terms of hundreds of billions of pounds, the to speak in this debate. Last week’s Budget focused on natural question is: where are we going to get that two issues: the UK’s co-ordinated initial response to the money from? This is a time when we have to set aside serious threat posed by coronavirus to the UK economic the fiscal rules. We will be paying for this anyway, in lost outlook, and a significant increase in public spending to jobs and businesses, redundancy payments and reductions raise productivity,promote growth, and spread its proceeds in tax receipts, if we do not put a huge fiscal stimulus to all corners of the UK—a process that has been into the system right now, so I welcome the measures dubbed “levelling up”. That is particularly important in from the Chancellor. my constituency of Waveney, which is the most easterly constituency in the UK. I shall be focusing on the We need a few things in addition. We saw in 2008 that second issue, but such is the gravity of the first—it is banks did not support businesses through that financial increasingly apparent that this will not be a short-term crisis—there is no doubt about it; in fact, quite the blip—that the two issues are increasingly becoming opposite. We need a commitment from the banks, UK intertwined. Finance and the Treasury that they will continue to It is right to increase public spending in this way, cash-flow businesses for as much as they need until they although it is not without risk. It is right because as we get through this period. To make sure that they do that, leave the EU, we need the economy to be firing on we should introduce emergency legislation to bring all cylinders, not spluttering along in third gear. Our SME loans and financing commercial loans within the productivity remains stubbornly low, and in many places regulatory perimeter. That would mean that banks would our infrastructure is crumbling. We have a host of have to have the oversight of the Financial Conduct challenges to address,such as climate change and promoting Authority, and indeed of Members in this place, if they the green economy, the crisis on the high street, and the did not do the right thing through that period. urgent need to improve social mobility, so that young people,wherever they live and whatever their circumstances, Neil Parish: We need to urge the banks to make sure have the opportunity to realise their full potential. that they offer commercial loans at very competitive Added to that cocktail, we must now support people rates. We do not want to see the banks trying to profit and businesses to get through the enormous challenge from the misery for all the businesses out there. of coronavirus. It is important to emphasise the political case for this Kevin Hollinrake: I absolutely agree with that, and we about-turn. The Brexit vote, which in many respects must have oversight of that. We also have to make sure was repeated last December, was a cry for change. The that all banks are included in these emergency loan UK economy as a whole has performed well over the schemes, such as business interruption loans. At the past 40 years, but the proceeds of growth have not been moment, some of the major banks, such as OakNorth, evenly distributed, but rather concentrated in London are not in that scheme, because they are not overseen by and the south-east. For so many people, and so many the British Business Bank. We need to see a widening of communities, the improvement in our national economic the scope of the scheme. We need to do a lot more for performance has passed them by. They voted for a micro-businesses, the self-employed and sole traders. I different way of doing things, and we must now deliver have not seen a lot of support for those people at the for them. moment. That different course is not without risk, and it is The big thing I want to say is about how the support important that the Government provide reassurance is provided. The £330 billion of support is great, but that in the long-term, the UK is still committed to the businesses will never again see the income lost, so in my sustainable and responsible management of our finances. view support cannot purely be through loans. We have When it comes to infrastructure, the right schemes must combine loans—soft loans, interest-free loans or be chosen—not vanity projects, but productive and whatever—with putting grants into these businesses, growth-enhancing schemes that are a catalyst for private otherwise we are just kicking the can down the road. We sector investment. We must ensure that we have the cannot simply say that businesses will have to pay, capacity to deliver those projects: the right skills, enough which is what we are saying if they are loans. We are engineers, project managers and planners, and a ready 895 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 896 supply of steel, concrete and tarmac. If we do not do the UK’s trade, making our ports more attractive than that, prices will escalate and schemes will not be delivered their international competitors, rather than diverting on time. business from one UK port to another. Coastal communities along the East Anglian coast Alex Sobel (Leeds North West) (Lab/Co-op): The face a significant challenge from coastal erosion and hon. Gentleman is making an excellent speech, and storm surges. The sea does not just damage homes and although we differed on the question of Brexit, I agree businesses; ultimately, it destroys them. The Lowestoft with many of his points. Does this current crisis reinforce flood defence scheme will remove that threat. At present, the fact that we must also ramp up UK production and it is only part funded, so it is good news that the Budget UK ownership of production, and have more British-owned recognises the threat of coastal erosion, provides an firms? In times of crisis such as this, production overseas additional £5.2 billion for flood defences and includes and overseas ownership create difficulties. Although we an undertaking to carry out a review of the Green Book. obviously need inward investment, we must balance that with UK ownership. Sir John Hayes (South Holland and The Deepings) (Con): I wonder whether my hon. Friend might add to Peter Aldous: I agree with the hon. Gentleman to a his thinking on this subject support for the internal large extent, and we need more companies to be investing drainage boards, which do such great work in the fens in in, and based in, the UK. It is important to have UK particular, including in his constituency. Will he implore companies, but I am also proud when companies from the Government to ensure that the Environment Agency around the world invest in the UK. That is something works with the drainage boards rather than against we should be pleased about. them, as I am afraid it sometimes does? Let me return to infrastructure projects and the need to have the right skills and supply of materials. In 2014, Peter Aldous: I thank my right hon. Friend for that funding was provided for six schemes on the A47 from intervention. I have internal drainage boards in my Lowestoft through Norfolk to Peterborough. Six years constituency, although I sense they may not be such big later, five of those schemes have yet to see any work players as those in the fens in his constituency. From starting on the ground. We must ensure that planning what I see of them, however, they are the ones who and legal frameworks are fit for purpose. The third know the local area best and are best placed to come up crossing project in Lowestoft will bring about great with tailored, bespoke solutions. positive change to the town. It is an oven-ready scheme—we are ready to go, yet we still await a planning decision that Kevin Hollinrake: My hon. Friend briefly mentioned should have been made more than three months ago. the Green Book. One of the reasons the A64 in my I wish to highlight three aspects of levelling up. First, constituency has not been dualled is that, according to coastal communities have been left behind in recent Highways England, it was competing with the Oxford decades, but they have so much to offer to UK plc. In to Cambridge corridor and the lower Thames crossing. Lowestoft, there is a compelling case for investment How ludicrous is that? How easy would he feel explaining in the port, which occupies a strategic location. It lies in to his constituents that such an iniquitous situation close proximity to one of the UK’s most productive is baked into the system for deciding where money is fishing grounds, from which, as we leave the EU, we invested? have a great opportunity to land more fish and to revive the local industry. Peter Aldous: I thank my hon. Friend for raising that issue. The Green Book is long overdue a complete Neil Parish: There is a huge opportunity as we leave overhaul. It has held back communities all around the the European Union; we will gain much more fish for country—those we are looking to help with their issues—for our fishermen. We must ensure that we not only land far too long. It is right that we are now getting on with those fish but process them. We also need a great giving it a complete, radical overhaul. marketing ploy across the country to encourage people My second request to the Government is not to forget to eat many more different types of fish, so we do not the east. Our region is a net contributor to the Treasury, have to export quite as much and we eat more of our notwithstanding that at present we get poor local own fish. government, education and transport funding settlements. With the right investment, we could deliver so much Peter Aldous: My hon. Friend is spot on. To make the more. The New Anglia local enterprise partnership most of this opportunity, we need to invest in infra- recently published its report “Delivering an infrastructure structure—in port infrastructure, markets and processing revolution in Norfolk and Suffolk”, which outlines factories. That would be so much help to coastal 12 connectivity infrastructure improvements that will communities that have been left behind. boost productivity and make us global leaders in clean In Lowestoft, we are close to the main cluster of growth. I will not list the “clean dozen”, but I urge the offshore wind farms in UK coastal waters. We are also Government to study these compelling schemes closely an area of the southern North sea UK continental and to respond positively. shelf, which has an important role to play in the transition The third aspect of levelling up is to highlight the to the low-carbon economy, and where there will be an threat to our towns and their high streets, which are the enormous amount of work in the decommissioning of heart of local economies all around the UK. There is an gas and oil facilities over the next decade. urgent need for towns to reinvent themselves. With the The Budget places much emphasis on free ports. It is towns fund, the Government have recognised that, good news that the Government recognise the important and Lowestoft is one of 101 towns eligible to bid for role that ports play, but it is vital that free ports add to money that can be used to promote change and attract 897 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 898

[Peter Aldous] some others, were struck by the optimism, hope and positive spirit of the Budget. It was enthusiastic about inward investment. That needs to be accompanied by a our future. While we deal with the sheer scale of the comprehensive reform of, and quite probably a replacement coronavirus outbreak, we should take some joy from for, business rates. It is good news that the Government the fact that this is a Government who are looking are committed to a fundamental review, although we forward beyond the coronavirus and into a world where have been talking about that for a long time and we now we have levelled up and we will have a more equal, more need to get on with it. productive and more aspirant, tolerant society. It is a Investment in bricks and mortar and in concrete and Budget of hope and positivity. steel is very important, but it is investment in people that matters most. The fact that the Government recognise Sir Desmond Swayne: Does my hon. Friend recall a the importance of further education in achieving levelling poster from the 2010 election campaign? It had a picture up is extremely good news. The additional £1.5 billion of a baby and the slogan, “He’s got his mother’s eyes, for capital investment in further education colleges and his father’s hair and Gordon Brown’s debt”. Does he the £5 billion national skills fund to improve adult think that future generations will applaud us for the action technical skills are welcome, and it is very good news for that we are taking, or curse us? colleges like East Coast College, which last week achieved a good Ofsted rating. Those announcements follow on Ben Everitt: My right hon. Friend refers to the bail-out from the increase in revenue funding for 16 to 18 education of the banks over a decade ago, which cost our economy that was announced last autumn, although there is still in the region of £860 billion. It proved 10 long years some way to go to get that day-to-day funding up to a before we could get over its effects, during which the sustainable level that will enable colleges to provide the British people worked incredibly hard and everybody full education, training and support needed to properly came together, putting us in a position now where we prepare young people for the workplace. are dealing with the next crisis. Will we be left with a burden of debt? Undoubtedly. Is it the right thing to In conclusion, I welcome the Budget and I support its do? Given the context, it probably is. ambitions. I believe we are pursuing the right course. That said, there are hazards, obstacles and pitfalls lying Last week’s Budget was excellent for families, not just immediately in front of us. It is important that the in my constituency, but across the country. As set out by Government are flexible, and prepared to adapt and the Chancellor of fiscal bazooka fame, it will level up vary policy to meet challenges that will suddenly present the economy, raise our regions, increase investment and themselves. encourage growth across the country. On transport, I particularly welcome not the big flashy transport projects, but the smaller, almost overlooked projects that engage 6.22 pm our transport networks on a more local level. Ben Everitt (Milton Keynes North) (Con): It is a pleasure to follow my hon. Friend the Member for David Simmonds (Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner) Waveney (Peter Aldous), who spoke passionately about (Con): Like my hon. Friend, I welcome the wide range coastal communities. My beautiful constituency of Milton of investments, particularly in local transport, contained Keynes North is not famously coastal, although we in the Budget. My constituency cannot boast an extensive apparently have more miles of shoreline than Jersey; the coastal area, any more than Milton Keynes, although definition of shoreline is stretched somewhat to include the outstanding natural beauty of the Ruislip lido, the many beautiful lakes that Milton Keynes has. London’s only beach, is one of its most prominent features. I certainly urge all those with an interest in the Neil Parish: Milton Keynes may not have much coastline, coastal aspects of London to take an interest in that but it does have a lot of people. My hon. Friend could site. promote the great fish we catch all around our coast. I To pick up on a point that several hon. Members urge him to go out and feed his constituents with our have made, even London, which remains a buoyant part great British fish. of the United Kingdom from the perspective of economic growth, high levels of employment and high levels of Ben Everitt: That is an excellent point and it is well productivity, seems at risk of being overlooked in one made. The nutrition of the people of Milton Keynes is key respect. It greatly concerns me that my in-laws, who well served by the Chairman of the Environment, Food live in the Chancellor’s constituency, are set to benefit and Rural Affairs Committee. significantly from the pothole fund. My parents in We find ourselves in a strange situation in this Budget south Wales will also gain because of the Barnett debate. It is almost as if the rules have changed. As I consequentials. Does my hon. Friend agree that it is a stand to speak, we are digesting the words of the shame, though, that there is no plan for London to Chancellor of the Exchequer, who has launched a benefit from the pothole fund, as is a reasonable expectation? £330 billion fiscal bazooka at the coronavirus to support our businesses, many of which are in my beautiful Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Eleanor Laing): Order. constituency. In that context, it feels odd to be talking For future reference, we are not desperately stuck for about last week’sBudget. It was going to be the levelling-up time, and therefore I have allowed the hon. Member, Budget. It was going to be the got-Brexit-done Budget. who is new to this House, to make his intervention, but It was going to be the Budget of infrastructure. Of lest anyone be misled, it was far too long. course, it was the first-swing-at-corona Budget. As we look at it now, it was last week’s Budget. These are Ben Everitt: The intervention may have been long, indeed strange times. However, I am sure that many but it was well put and I appreciate it. In broad terms, Members on the Conservative Benches, and possibly my hon. Friend’s point was that we must not forget the 899 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 900 other traditionally more productive parts of our economy. people who spend hours each week travelling on poorly Interestingly, Milton Keynes is part of the south-east maintained roads. That will speed up journey times, and people overlook the fact that we sit as almost the reduce vehicle damage and make our roads safer. gateway to the north. A journalist from The Economist The Government are investing record amounts in telephoned me last week and told me that Milton improving and expanding our transport infrastructure— Keynes was the most productive part of the UK. I said, triple the average of the past 60 years. The Chancellor “Do you mean not including London?” and he said, has announced £640 billion of capital investment in “No. When you look at the OECD measures, they take roads, railways, communications, schools, hospitals and in the whole of London, which includes the suburbs in power networks over this Parliament. I know that many Greater London, and actually, Milton Keynes comes of my colleagues will join me in welcoming this investment out as more productive.” I therefore welcome any not just for the large national infrastructure projects, intervention that draws attention to the fact that we but for local roads, regional railways and urban transport. should be investing in the productive parts of our We will be increasing bus journeys. We will be reducing economy as well as levelling up the slightly less productive the cost of transport for young people, workers and parts. those in retirement. We will have a modern and well- I warmly welcome the £500 million to roll out a fast maintained road network. charging network for electric vehicles over the next five I am a big fan of this Budget, as Members have years, ensuring that drivers will never be more than probably noticed, but there is one piece that I was 30 miles from a rapid charging station. During the surprised to see in there. It is my single criticism of the general election I was privileged to have a visit from the Budget, so please bear with me. The small print of the Secretary of State for Transport. We visited a charging supporting documents for the Budget contained an point so that he could charge his electric car—he is very allocation of £94.6 million for a housing infrastructure on brand, is our Transport Secretary. After a photo-op, bid to build 5,000 homes east of the M1 in Milton he said, “Show me some transport infrastructure that Keynes. That housing infrastructure bid is an indicative needs a bit of investment.” I took him to junction 14 of commitment to fund, subject to continuing local the M1, which really does need an upgrade. We stood commitment, which is how the bidding process works there, watching the traffic go past, and then we went to for housing infrastructure fund bids. “A continuing an island in the middle to make a little video, saying local commitment” is news to me. Anyone who looked how much it needed an upgrade. Then, like life imitating at my postbag and my inbox would not find a continuing art, we having stood there saying that the transport local commitment; they would find quite the opposite. infrastructure needed an upgrade, suddenly all the That is not to say that people in my constituency are world’straffic came off the M1 and zoomed up junction 14. anti-growth. Far from it: Milton Keynes is a growing We were marooned on that island in the middle of an place. It is growing because it is a great place in which to M1 slip road. live and work, in which to grow a family and grow a Now, our Transport Secretary, being an energetic business. However, we must have the right houses in the fellow, cannot be held down for long. After a few right place at the right time. There is a balance to be moments he set off down the slip road, running—in struck. We need to get this right. We have a choice fact, our Transport Secretary does not run; he scampers. between growing local jobs and becoming a dormitory. Fortunately, my social media adviser was there to film If we get the right houses in the right place at the right the entire thing. He pulled out his camera just as our time, we will incentivise pure economic growth—local, right hon. Friend was sprinting down the road, merging productive growth—but if we get it wrong and build with the traffic in order to cross it. The video is available too many houses, Milton Keynes will be cursed by the for parties, for a small fee. very benefit of being only 32 minutes away from London on the train. If we build too many houses too quickly Sir John Hayes: As a Member who lacks a social we will become a dormitory for jobs elsewhere, and that media adviser, and as the pioneer of the Government’s is not what we need. electric car policy, I am delighted that my hon. Friend has welcomed the additional charging points, for which Jonathan Gullis: Does my hon. Friend agree that we I take the lion’s share of the credit. need a good-quality mixture of housing, from one and The point that my hon. Friend is making about two-bedroom homes to city centre living, and also the productivity is critical. The Government’s commitment four and five-bedroom homes that the executives are to skills and to research and development, through the seeking? Budget, will allow us to tackle the prevailing macro- Ben Everitt: Absolutely. The point is well made, but I economic challenge facing this country and most of the will not dwell on it, because, finally, I want to say this. west: the productivity gap. We must also have the benefit of a university in our town, and I am proud to support a £100 million bid to Ben Everitt: I thank my right hon. Friend for that make Milton Keynes a university town. The benefits intervention. Of course, the productivity gap is core to will be fantastic. levelling up. With that I will sit down, having had a very good Budget, Speaking of gaps, I have to declare an interest before apart from that very small thing. moving on to the next important section of my speech: I am a councillor. The next section includes the perennial 6.37 pm election-winning issue of potholes. The Chancellor has announced additional funding—£2.5 billion over the Peter Dowd (Bootle) (Lab): Let me begin by welcoming next five years—to fill millions of potholes across the the Chief Secretary to his position. As the former country, which will make a huge difference for the many Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union, he 901 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 902

[Peter Dowd] large and small, the travel industry and retail. So, okay, a bit late, but, nevertheless, moving in the right direction. may be spending a bit more time with his family now. I But what this does not indicate yet, as far as we are am sure that he is happy about that. I am not sure that concerned, is what support will be given to employees—the his family are happy about it, but that is a different peopleworkinginthoseindustries.Theindustriesthemselves kettle of fish. might get support, but we have to be clear about what I do not have time to recap on what Members on actually is happening. People in here will have constituents both sides of the House have said today—except to say losing their jobs. that we heard fantastic maiden speeches from the hon. Member for South West Hertfordshire (Mr Mohindra), Sammy Wilson (East Antrim) (DUP): Will the hon. who made a generous tribute to David Gauke, and the Gentleman give way? hon. Member for Blyth Valley (Ian Levy), who talked about the building of the Ark Royal in his constituency. Peter Dowd: In a moment. I have a fantastic picture of the Ark Royal in my office, It has to be said that the Government simply and if he is ever in Bootle, he can come and have a underestimated the challenge facing the country, but look at it. I will secure a secure passage out of Bootle better late than never. However, many millions of people for him. still have no financial certainty from the Government. My hon. Friend the Member for Liverpool, West People are worried about their livelihoods.The Government Derby (Ian Byrne) was doing well until he mentioned are responsible for our decaying social and physical Liverpool football club. He brought things back by infrastructure. They bear a huge responsibility for the mentioning that great socialist Bill Shanklin, and went parlous state of our public realm. While we will support on to talk about justice for Hillsborough. The hon. measures to aid our economy, we will not settle for half Member for Bolton North East (Mark Logan) made an measures, so we will look carefully at the Chancellor’s interesting speech. A teacher once said, “We are not just statement and at what he says later on. teaching kids, we are backing Bolton”, and I think that The Government’s mantra of “levelling up” also that sums it up. It was an excellent comment. Finally, completely misjudged the serious issues facing the country. the hon. Member for Derbyshire Dales (Miss Dines) The Government are not a new Government. They have described very well the beautiful landscape and historic been in power for 10 years. The 12 December election architecture of her constituency. was not the start of year zero. They have spent 10 years The substance of the announcements made by the systematically and consciously levelling down the country. Chancellor last week has had a very short life. In For example, one of the Government’sfiscal rules identified the light of the coronavirus emergency, I am glad that 3% of GDP as an appropriate level of public sector net the Government have had a serious rethink about their investment, but, Madam Deputy Speaker, if you were economic and financial support response to the challenges to look back at the last 10 years, the Government have facing the country. I will take advice on this, but they underspent on infrastructure—far less than 3% of GDP— appear to be getting their act together, and we welcome every single year. That was alluded to by Conservative that. However, at the time—last week—the package of Members. measures did not go far enough. For example, while The gap between what the Government spent and the President Macron has announced ¤547 billion of support 3% level over 10 years in office is £192 billion. That is for French businesses, we have got £330 billion, apparently, the size of the hole the Government have spent 10 years although I am pleased that the Chancellor has followed digging, and if you were to sift through the hype, the suit of the French President. Madam Deputy Speaker, and note the fact that the The Financial Times reported that Peter Altmaier, Government’s headline figures on infrastructure double- Germany’s Economy Minister— count existing spending—one estimate has put the Government’s new capital spending at £143 billion, excluding depreciation—you would see that what the Kevin Hollinrake (Thirsk and Malton) (Con): Will the Government announced last week would not even fill hon. Gentleman give way? the big hole they dug in the first place. Now, they appear to want to be congratulated on a pathetic attempt Peter Dowd: Just a moment. I will come back to the to rebuild what they spent 10 years destroying and hon. Gentleman. dismantling. The Financial Times reported: The Resolution Foundation has pointed out that the “The German budget currently guarantees KfW”— UK has a very low level of Government capital stock at that is the credit institute for reconstruction— about 46% of GDP. That is three quarters of the “a financial framework of ¤460bn, but officials said this could advanced economy average of 63%, so the Government now be raised by ¤93bn, giving the bank more than ¤550bn in are levelling up from a very low base—a low base of available firepower.” their own creation. Mr Altmaier said: Another problem with the Government’s levelling up “And that is just the start”. agenda is that there is a series of one-off announcements without any coherent plan. For a start, the Government I am glad that the Chancellor has followed the line—the postponed their national infrastructure strategy. Again, model—that the Germans are taking as well. they have cut skills funding in recent years. By the end In the meantime, notwithstanding the Government’s of the last decade, spending on apprenticeships and apparent announcement, significant parts of the economy work-based learning had fallen by a quarter since 2009-10 are in freefall, as well as, more immediately, places, in real terms. That is according to the Institute for organisations, agencies within the hospitality sector both Fiscal Studies. 903 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 904

The Budget was disappointing in relation to climate Book, which I know all Conservative Members will action. The environmental justice commission set up by have assiduously read, he says that he will the Institute for Public Policy Research said that £33 billion “keep the timing of the CSR under review”. of green investment was needed a year to get to the I hope you will bear with me here, Madam Deputy Government’s weak target of net zero emissions by Speaker. In other words, he is even putting off the 2050. But there is £27 billion for road building, although timing of the review of the review of the comprehensive nothing for renewable energy sources such as wind and review. So much for getting things done. solar. We have heard excuses over the years that they inherited a poor economy, but they have been in power There is a great deal of not getting things done going for 10 years and the responsibility for the poor performance on in No. 10 at the moment, contrary to the belief of of our economy in the past 10 years lies squarely at the the backslappers opposite. The word “review”is mentioned Government’s door. They did not believe that public no fewer than 117 times in the Red Book, which has investment could boost the economy.In a speech in 2009, only 120 pages in it, including the blank ones. The George Osborne said that Chancellor reminds me of the character in one of the less well-known Monty Python sketches: the self-satisfied “fiscal policy is more or less powerless to affect output”. president of the royal society for putting things on top He was wrong about that. Let us consider the statement of other things; we have a meaningless body of men that a gathered together for no good reason—that is the Cabinet. “large planned increase in public investment should boost potential No wonder we have the lowest productivity levels of our output”.—[Official Report, 11 March 2020; Vol. 673, c. 282.] G7 partners, and this is getting worse because the man in charge of getting things done is far too busy putting Who said those words? It was the Chancellor, when things off. citing the Office for Budget Responsibility.Other countries took a different approach from us and did invest, and Let me give the Chancellor a word of advice. they have recovered more quickly. We have had the [Interruption.] slowest recovery for a century in this country, and we have had the Bank of England’s chief economist Andy Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Eleanor Laing): Order. Haldane describing a pay “disaster”. The House is being unfair to the hon. Gentleman. There is too much noise going on, and we must hear On that point, let me deal with the issue of the him. so-called “jobs miracle”, so beloved of Conservative Members. What they fail to mention is that low pay, Peter Dowd: Well, they are Tories. zero-hours contracts and insecure working conditions bankroll that act of God, meaning that 8 million people Let me give the Chancellor a word of advice: I suggest in working households are living in poverty. According that, for the sake of the country, he stops putting things to the Joseph Rowntree Foundation’s annual poverty off and gets things done by pulling his finger out. report, seven in 10 children in poverty are now in a working family. I am not sure that God would like his 6.49 pm name associated with that outcome. The Chief Secretary to the Treasury (Steve Barclay): I The Office for National Statistics is reporting falling thank the hon. Member for Bootle (Peter Dowd) for his manufacturing output and zero growth in the three warm welcome to me in my new role. I join him in months to January because of “widespread weakness”— paying tribute to the number of excellent maiden speeches and that was before the outbreak of the coronavirus. that we have heard today. The first was by my hon. The Government could have started in the Budget to Friend the Member for South West Hertfordshire invest in our public services, as well as our infrastructure, (Mr Mohindra). It was fitting that he paid tribute to his but they chose not to do so. As the IFS said last week, predecessor David Gauke, who was not only respected after this Budget spending on day-to-day services will across the House but very much liked and respected still be well below what it was in 2010-11 per head—so within the Treasury as an institution. much for levelling up. What we have is the Government In an excellent speech, my hon. Friend the Member putting off tackling areas in our economy where bold for Blyth Valley (Ian Levy) spoke about his personal decisions are needed. The economic crisis facing the experience of working for two decades in our NHS. He country as a result of the coronavirus simply proves must be particularly proud of everything that the NHS their lack of foresight and planning. They have left our is now doing as we face the challenges ahead. public services so depleted of capacity that many fear The hon. Member for Liverpool, West Derby (Ian they will struggle to cope. Byrne) gave a strong speech about the need for bold Wehave before us the so-called “Get it done”Chancellor, action on covid-19. I assure him that the Chancellor but he is more like the put-it-off Chancellor. He even will be true to his word when he says that we will do put off his announcement today. What about social everything needed in response to the situation. The hon. care—is he getting that done? No, he is having another Gentleman’s speech shows that he will be a valuable review. He has put it off. What about the Green Book—is colleague representing Liverpool, together with his Front- he getting that done? No, he is having another review. Bench colleagues. He is putting that off. What about the fiscal rules In a first-class speech, my hon. Friend the Member framework—is he getting it done? No, he is having for Bolton North East (Mark Logan) said that this another review. He is putting it off. What about the great House exists exactly for times like these. I could national investment plan—is he getting it done? No, he not agree with him more. He will be a fantastic addition is having another review. He is putting it off. He cannot to the House, and in particular his experience from his even decide when he is going to have a comprehensive time in the Foreign Office will be valuable in the weeks spending review. In a footnote on page 30 of the Red and months ahead. 905 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 906

[Steve Barclay] commencement date of the 6 April 2021. This is a deferral in response to the ongoing spread of covid-19 My hon. Friend the Member for Derbyshire Dales to help businesses and individuals. This is a deferral, (Miss Dines) pointed out that she is the first woman to not a cancellation, and the Government remain committed represent her constituency, just as you, Madam Deputy to reintroducing this policy to ensure that people who Speaker, were the first woman to chair a Budget. My are working like employees, but through their own hon. Friend invited my right hon. Friend the Prime limited company, pay broadly the same tax as those Minister to join in with the Shrovetide football next employed directly. year. I appreciate that my right hon. Friend the Prime Let me turn in the remaining time to a number of key Minister has quite a lot on, but knowing my hon. measures within the Budget, which, for understandable Friend the Member for Chatham and Aylesford (Tracey reasons, have perhaps received less focus in the course Crouch) as I do, I am sure that there will be colleagues of the debate in light of recent events. [Interruption.] In in the House keen to partake of any football with my particular, infrastructure links people to jobs, delivers hon. Friend the Member for Derbyshire Dales. products to markets and underpins supply chains and, The hon. Member for Luton South (Rachel Hopkins) indeed, supports domestic and international trade. Better gave an excellent speech about her commitment to her roads, better rail and better internet connections enable constituency and highlighted issues such as housing, businesses and individuals to work more quickly, cheaply railway electrification, bus routes and the climate emergency. and efficiently. While more quality infrastructure boosts It is clear from the range of contributions from new social well-being, it means less time stuck on motorways— Members that they will all contribute considerably to [Interruption.] the House in the weeks and months ahead. It is no surprise to me, in closing the debate on the Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Eleanor Laing): Order. Budget, that many of the contributions from Members The House is too noisy. As I said with regard to from all parties have focused less on the text from last Mr Dowd, the House must listen to the Minister. week and more on the national challenge of our economic response to coronavirus. Both my right hon. Friend the Steve Barclay: Infrastructure is an issue that concerns Secretary of State for Transport and the shadow Secretary all Members of the House. We are committed in this of State, the hon. Member for Middlesbrough (Andy Budget to boosting productivity and to levelling up McDonald), struck a constructive tone in their opening opportunity across all regions within our United Kingdom. remarks, recognising their collaboration in meeting the Indeed, my right hon. Friend the Chancellor set out challenge. Many other Secretaries of State have been half a trillion pounds of investment in our public sector, similarly collaborating with their counterparts. On behalf and the Government will bring those plans together in of the Government, I should say that their approach the forthcoming national infrastructure strategy. We has been much appreciated. already know a lot of the details. For example, there is I very much agree with the hon. Member for the commitment to the Northern Powerhouse Rail to Middlesbrough that our focus today is, as he said, enable faster more frequent services between northern primarily on the challenge, nationally and internationally, cities. In February, the Prime Minister announced that of fighting the virus. He was also right to recognise that we will proceed with High Speed 2, and last Wednesday, it is no fault of the Chancellor that much has happened the Chancellor confirmed a £27 billion investment in since last week and that since the Budget we have needed strategic roads and motorways, the UK’s biggest ever to move further. My right hon. Friend the Chancellor outlay. will update the House shortly and will respond to the At the same time, we are investing £5 billion to legitimate point that the hon. Gentleman raised in his support the roll-out of gigabit-capable broadband, starting opening remarks. with rural communities that have felt excluded up to At the Budget, my right hon. Friend the Chancellor now, binding all parts of the country closer together in said that he would do the virtual realm and connecting global Britain to the “everything we can to keep this country, and our people, healthy global marketplace. and financially secure.”—[Official Report, 11 March 2020; Vol. 673, Alongside the big ticket eye-catching projects, the c. 278.] Budget also focused on meeting the most pressing local At that time, less than a week ago, that involved a needs, whether that is the £2.5 billion for potholes, the £12 billion temporary and targeted set of measures to £1.2 billion to support local transport infrastructures respond to coronavirus, supporting public services, or, indeed, the funding for bus routes, trunk roads, cycle individuals and businesses. My right hon. Friend will paths, trams, and park-and-ride schemes that all have shortly update the House on the further measures required the potential to make a transformative difference at a to provide a comprehensive, co-ordinated and coherent local level. Together it represents an infrastructure response to the serious and evolving situation that transformation that brings faster speeds and greater we face. capacity and that would breathe new life into communities As my right hon. Friend has said, we will do whatever across our United Kingdom. it takes to give the British people the tools to get This transformation is not only about making every through this challenge. I can also announce that the town and city more productive, but about recognising Government are postponing the reforms to the off-payroll their uniqueness of character. Each place in this country working rules IR35 from April 2020 to 6 April 2021. has its own quirks and curiosities, traditions and traits The Government will therefore not move the original that people depend on and draw strength from. Levelling resolution tonight, but will shortly table an additional up is about respecting and retaining those brilliant resolution confirming that we will reintroduce the off-payroll characteristics and making sure that each town keeps working rules provisions by amending the Bill, with a hold of its civic soul, while helping every region and 907 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 908 nation of the United Kingdom make of its best. The And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that Government know that civic pride and regional identity this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions matter, and we want to bring about a strong and vibrant of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. connected community where people choose to live and work. It is for that reason that my right hon. Friend the 4. INCOME TAX (STARTING RATE LIMIT FOR Chancellor set out in the Budget the largest affordable SAVINGS) homes programme in a decade, with £12 billion in additional funding to support home ownership. My Resolved, right hon. Friend the Secretary of State for Housing, That section 21 of the Income Tax Act 2007 (indexation) does Communities and Local Government has already laid not apply in relation to the starting rate limit for savings for the out our proposals to bring Britain’s planning system tax year 2020-21 (so that the starting rate limit for savings remains at £5,000 for that tax year). into the 21st century. And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that Although this is the end of the Budget debate from this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions last week, many of the speeches have looked forward to of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. the challenges ahead posed by covid-19 and its impact on our health, our businesses and our resolve. Much has changed over the past week and people are worried 5. MAIN RATE OF CORPORATION TAX FOR and their livelihoods are at risk. That is why my right FINANCIAL YEAR 2020 hon. Friend the Chancellor will update the House shortly Resolved, on the further measures that we intend to take. I commend That— this Budget to the House. (1) For the financial year 2020 the main rate of corporation Question put and agreed to. tax is 19%. Resolved, (2) Accordingly, omit section 7(2) of the Finance (No.2) Act That income tax is charged for the tax year 2020-21. 2015 (which is superseded by the provision made by paragraph (1) And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that of this Resolution). this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions The Deputy Speaker put forthwith the Questions necessary of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. to dispose of the motions made in the name of the Chancellor of the Exchequer (Standing Order No. 51(3)) 6. CORPORATION TAX (CHARGE AND MAIN Madam Deputy Speaker (Dame Eleanor Laing): I RATE FOR FINANCIAL YEAR 2021) must inform the House that for the purposes of Standing Resolved, Order 83U and on the basis of material put before him, That (notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the practice Mr Speaker has certified that in his opinion motion of the House relating to the matters that may be included in No. 2 on income tax main rates relates to England, Wales Finance Bills) provision may be made— and Northern Ireland, and is within devolved legislative (a) for corporation tax to be charged for the financial year competence. If the House should decide to divide on 2021, and this motion, it will be subject to double majority voting. (b) for the main rate of corporation tax for that year to be 19%. 2. INCOME TAX (MAIN RATES) Resolved, 8. TAXABLE BENEFITS (APPROPRIATE That for the tax year 2020-21 the main rates of income tax are PERCENTAGE FOR A CAR: TAX YEAR 2020-21 as follows— ONWARDS) (a) the basic rate is 20%, Resolved, (b) the higher rate is 40%, and That— (c) the additional rate is 45%. (1) Chapter 6 of Part 3 of the Income Tax (Earnings and And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that Pensions) Act 2003 (taxable benefits: cars etc) is amended as this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions follows. of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. (2) In section 136 (car with a CO2 emissions figure: post- 3. INCOME TAX (DEFAULT AND SAVINGS September 1999 registration)— RATES) (a) in subsection (2A)— (i) after “figure” insert “in a case where the car is first Resolved, registered before 6 April 2020”, That— (ii) for “light-duty” substitute “light”, and (1) For the tax year 2020-21 the default rates of income tax are (iii) for “an EC certificate of conformity” substitute as follows— “the EC certificate of conformity or UK approval (a) the default basic rate is 20%, certificate”, and (b) the default higher rate is 40%, and (b) after subsection (2A) insert— (c) the default additional rate is 45%. “(2B) For the purpose of determining the car’s CO2 (2) For the tax year 2020-21 the savings rates of income tax are emissions figure in a case where the car is first as follows— registered on or after 6 April 2020, ignore any (a) the savings basic rate is 20%, values specified in the EC certificate of conformity or UK approval certificate that are not WLTP (b) the savings higher rate is 40%, and (worldwide harmonised light vehicle test procedures) (c) the savings additional rate is 45%. values.” 909 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 910

(3) In section 137 (car with a CO2 emissions figure: bi-fuel cars)— “Car Appropriate percentage (a) in subsection (2A)— (i) after “figure” insert “in a case where the car is first Car with CO2 emissions figure of 0 0% registered before 6 April 2020”, Car with CO2 emissions figure of 1 - 50 (ii) for “light-duty” substitute “light”, and Car with electric range figure of 130 or more 0% (iii) for “an EC certificate of conformity” substitute Car with electric range figure of 70 - 129 3% “the EC certificate of conformity or UK approval Car with electric range figure of 40 - 69 6% certificate”, and Car with electric range figure of 30 - 39 10% (b) after subsection (2A) insert— Car with electric range figure of less than 30 12% “(2B) For the purpose of determining the car’s CO2 Car with CO2 emissions figure of 51 - 54 13% emissions figure in a case where the car is first Car with CO2 emissions figure of 55 - 59 14% registered on or after 6 April 2020, ignore any Car with CO2 emissions figure of 60 - 64 15% values specified in the EC certificate of conformity Car with CO2 emissions figure of 65 - 69 16% or UK approval certificate that are not WLTP (worldwide harmonised light vehicle test procedures) Car with CO2 emissions figure of 70 - 74 17%” values.” (b) in subsection (3)(a) for “20%” there were substituted (4) In section 139 (car with a CO2 emissions figure)— “18%”.” (a) for subsection (2) substitute— (4) In section 140 (car without a CO2 emissions figure: the “(2) For the purposes of subsection (1) and the table— appropriate percentage) in subsection (3)(a) for “2%”substitute “0%”. (a) if a CO2 emissions figure is not a whole number, And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that round it down to the nearest whole number, this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions and of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. (b) if an electric range figure is not a whole number, round it up to the nearest whole number.”, and 10. TAXABLE BENEFITS (CARS) (b) after subsection (5) insert— Resolved, “(5A) For the purpose of determining the electric range That (notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the practice figure for a car first registered before 6 April 2020, of the House relating to the matters that may be included in ignore any WLTP (worldwide harmonised light Finance Bills) provision taking effect in a future year may be vehicle test procedures) values specified in an EC made amending the provisions of Chapter 6 of Part 3 of the certificate of conformity, an EC type approval Income Tax (Earnings and Pensions) Act 2003 that concern the certificate or a UK approval certificate. determination of the appropriate percentage for a car. (5B) For the purpose of determining the electric range figure for a car first registered on or after 6 April 11. INCOME TAX (APPRENTICESHIP 2020, ignore any values specified in an EC certificate of conformity, an EC type approval certificate or a BURSARIES PAID TO PERSONS LEAVING UK approval certificate that are not WLTP LOCAL AUTHORITY CARE) (worldwide harmonised light vehicle test procedures) Resolved, values.” That provision may be made providing that no liability to (5) The amendments made by this Resolution have effect for income tax arises on certain bursaries paid to persons leaving the tax year 2020-21 and subsequent tax years. care and starting an apprenticeship. And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. 12. INCOME TAX (CERTAIN SCOTTISH SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS) Resolved, 9. TAXABLE BENEFITS (APPROPRIATE That— PERCENTAGE FOR A CAR: TAX YEAR 2020-21 (1) Table B in section 677(1) of the Income Tax (Earnings and ONLY) Pensions) Act 2003 (UK social security benefits wholly exempt Resolved, from income tax) is amended as follows. That— (2) In Part 1 (benefits payable under primary legislation etc), insert each of the following at the appropriate place— (1) For the tax year 2020-21, Chapter 6 of Part 3 of the Income Tax (Earnings and Pensions) Act 2003 (taxable benefits: cars etc) has effect with the following modifications. “Disability SS(S)A 2018 Sections 24 and 31” assistance for (2) In section 139 (car with a CO2 emissions figure: the children and young appropriate percentage)— people (a) in the table in subsection (1), in the second column of “Job start ETA 1973 Section 2”. the entry for a car with a CO2 emissions figure of 0, for “2%” substitute “0%”, and (b) in subsection (7) (3) In Part 2 (benefits payable under regulations), insert the before paragraph (a) insert— following at the appropriate place— “(za) section 139A (recently registered cars),”. “Scottish child SS(S)A 2018 Section 79”. (3) After section 139 insert— payment “139A Section 139: recently registered car with CO2 emissions (4) The amendments made by this Resolution have effect for figure the tax year 2020-21 and subsequent tax years. In its application in relation to a car that is first registered And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that on or after 6 April 2020, section 139 has effect as if— this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions for the table in subsection (1) there were substituted— of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. 911 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 912

13. INCOME TAX (SOCIAL SECURITY 16. PENSIONS ANNUAL ALLOWANCE CHARGE BENEFITS) (TAPERED REDUCTION OF ALLOWANCE) Resolved, Resolved, That provision may be made conferring power on the Treasury That provision may be made about the reduction of the annual to exempt certain social security benefits from income tax. allowance in the case of high-income individuals. 14. INCOME TAX (PAYMENTS IN RESPECT OF 17. CAPITAL GAINS TAX (ENTREPRENEURS’ EXPENSES OF VOLUNTARY OFFICE- RELIEF) HOLDERS) Resolved, Resolved, That provision may be made about relief under Chapter 3 of That— Part 5 of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992. (1) After section 299A of the Income Tax (Earnings and Pensions) Act 2003 insert— 18. CAPITAL GAINS TAX (RELIEF ON “299B Voluntary office-holders: payments in respect of expenses DISPOSAL OF PRIVATE RESIDENCE) (1) No liability to income tax arises in respect of a payment to a person who holds a voluntary office if Resolved, the payment is in respect of reasonable expenses That— incurred in carrying out the duties of that office. (1) The Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992 is amended as (2) It does not matter whether— follows. (a) the payment is an advance payment or a reimbursement; (2) In section 222 (relief on disposal of private residence)— (b) the person who makes the payment is the person (a) after subsection (5) insert— with whom the office is held. “(5A) But a notice or further notice under subsection (3) Subsections (2) and (3) of section 299A apply for the (5)(a) determining which of 2 or more residences purposes of subsection (1) of this section as they is an individual’s main residence for any period apply for the purposes of subsection (1) of that may be given more than 2 years from the beginning section.” of the period if during the period the individual (2) In section 299A(3)(a) of the Income Tax (Earnings and has not held an interest of more than a negligible Pensions) Act 2003 (voluntary office-holders: compensation for market value in more than one of the residences.”, lost employment income) after “payment” insert “(whether an (b) in subsection (7) (a) (disposal of dwelling-house to a advance payment or a reimbursement)”. spouse or civil partner)— (3) The amendments made by this Resolution have effect for (i) for “the dwelling-house”substitute “a dwelling-house”, the tax year 2020-21 and subsequent tax years. and And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that (ii) omit “which is their only or main residence”, this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions (c) in subsection (8A) (when living accommodation is of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. job-related for a person) after paragraph (b) insert “; or 15. LOAN CHARGE (c) an armed forces accommodation allowance for or Resolved, towards costs of the accommodation is paid to, or That provision may be made— in respect of, the person or the person’s spouse or civil partner”, and (a) substituting a reference to 9 December 2010 for the reference to 6 April 1999 in paragraph 1(1)(b) of Schedule 11 to (d) in subsection (8D) (interpretation) after paragraph (b) the Finance (No.2) Act 2017 and in paragraph 1(2)(a)(i) of insert “; and Schedule 12 to that Act, (c) “armed forces accommodation allowance” means an allowance which is exempt from income tax by (b) enabling a person to elect for the tax consequences of reason of section 297D of ITEPA 2003.” Schedules 11 and 12 to the Finance (No.2) Act 2017 to be split over three tax years, (3) In section 223 (amount of relief)— (c) eliminating or reducing the tax consequences for a person (a) in subsections (1) and (2)(a) for “18 months” substitute of Schedules 11 and 12 to the Finance (No.2) Act 2017 in certain “9 months”, and cases where the person was chargeable to income tax for the tax (b) omit subsection (4). year 2015-16 or an earlier tax year on an amount that was (4) After section 223 insert— referable to a loan or quasi-loan, “223ZA Amount of relief: individual’s residency delayed by (d) providing relief from late payment interest for a person certain events who is chargeable to income tax on an amount by reason of (1) Subsection (4) below applies where— Schedule 11 or 12 to the Finance (No.2) Act 2017 or who would be so chargeable but for the provision mentioned in paragraph (a) a gain to which section 222 applies accrues to an (a) or (c), individual on the disposal of, or of an interest in, a dwelling-house or part of a dwelling-house, (e) substituting a reference to 1 October 2020 for the reference to 1 October 2019 in paragraph 35C(2)(b) of Schedule 11 to the (b) the time at which the dwelling-house or the part of Finance (No.2) Act 2017 and in paragraph 22(2)(b) of the dwelling-house first became the individual’s Schedule 12 to that Act, and only or main residence (“the moving-in time”) was within the first 24 months of the individual’s (f) enabling the Commissioners for Her Majesty’s Revenue and period of ownership, Customs to repay, or waive the payment of, certain amounts that— (c) at no time during the period beginning with the (i) have been paid to them, have been treated as paid to individual’s period of ownership and ending with them, or are due to be paid to them under certain the moving-in time was the dwelling-house or the agreements made with them in a specified period part of the dwelling-house another person’s commencing no earlier than 16 March 2016 and residence, and ending no later than 10 March 2020, and (d) during the period beginning with the individual’s (ii) are referable to certain loans or quasi-loans made on period of ownership and ending with the or after 6 April 1999 and before 6 April 2016. moving-in time a qualifying event occurred. 913 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 914

(2) The following are qualifying events— (7) In section 225E (disposals by disabled persons or persons (a) the completion of the construction, renovation, in care homes etc) in subsection (4) for “18 months” substitute redecoration or alteration of the dwelling-house “9 months”. or the part of the dwelling house mentioned in (8) In section 248E(6) (relief on disposal of joint interests in subsection (1); private residence) for “and 223” substitute “, 223 and 223B”. (b) the disposal by the individual of, or of an interest in, (9) The amendment made by paragraph (2)(a) of this any other dwelling-house or part of a dwelling-house Resolution has effect in relation to a notice given on or after that immediately before the disposal was the 6 April 2020. individual’s only or main residence. (10) The amendments made by paragraph (2)(b) of this Resolution (3) In determining whether and, if so, when a qualifying have effect in a case where the disposal or death mentioned in event within subsection (2)(b) occurred, ignore subsection (7)(a) of section 222 of the Taxation of Chargeable section 28 (time of disposal where asset disposed of Gains Act 1992 is made or occurs on or after 6 April 2020. under contract). (11) The amendments made by paragraphs (3) to (8) of this (4) For the purposes of subsections (1) and (2) of section Resolution have effect in relation to disposals made on or after 223, as they have effect in relation to the gain, the 6 April 2020. dwelling-house or the part of the dwelling-house mentioned in subsection (1) above is to be treated as And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that having been the individual’s only or main residence this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions from the beginning of the individual’s period of of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. ownership until the moving-in time.” (5) After section 223A insert— 19. CORPORATE CAPITAL LOSSES “223B Additional relief: part of private residence let as accommodation Resolved, (1) Where— That provision (including provision having retrospective effect) may be made relating to capital losses made by companies. (a) a gain to which section 222 applies accrues to an individual on the disposal of, or of an interest in, a dwelling-house or part of a dwelling-house, and 20. CORPORATION TAX (INSTALMENT (b) at any time in the individual’s period of ownership PAYMENTS) the condition in subsection (2) is met in respect of the dwelling house, the part of the gain that is Resolved, within subsection (3) is a chargeable gain only to That provision may be made amending regulation 3 of the the extent, if any, to which it exceeds the amount Corporation Tax (Instalment Payments) Regulations 1998. in subsection (4). (2) The condition is that— (a) part of the dwelling-house is the individual’s only 21. RELIEF FROM CAPITAL GAINS TAX FOR or main residence, and LOANS TO TRADERS (b) another part of the dwelling-house is being let by Resolved, the individual as residential accommodation. That provision may be made restricting the operation of (3) The part of the gain that is within this subsection is the section 253(1)(b) of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992 part that (but for subsection (1)) would be a chargeable to loans made before 24 January 2019. gain by reason of the fact that, at the times in the individual’s period of ownership when the condition in subsection (2) is met, the individual’s only or main 22. CORPORATION TAX (RESEARCH AND residence does not include the part of the dwelling-house that is being let as residential accommodation. DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE CREDIT) (4) The amount is whichever is the lesser of— Resolved, (a) the amount of the gain that is not a chargeable gain That (notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the practice by virtue of section 223, and of the House relating to the matters that may be included in Finance Bills) provision may be made increasing the percentage (b) £40,000. in section 104M(3) of the Corporation Tax Act 2009 to 13%. (5) Where by reason of section 222(7)(a) the individual’s period of ownership mentioned in subsection (1) begins with the beginning of the period of ownership of 23. CAPITAL ALLOWANCES (STRUCTURES another person, any question whether the condition in subsection (2) is met at a time that is within both AND BUILDINGS ALLOWANCES) those periods of ownership is to be determined as if Resolved, the references in subsection (2) to the individual were That provision (including provision having retrospective to that other person.” effect) may be made in relation to allowances under Part 2A of (6) In section 224 (amount of relief: further provisions)— the Capital Allowances Act 2001. (a) in the heading for “Amount of relief” substitute “Relief under sections 223 and 223B”, (b) in subsection (1)— 24. INTANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS (PRE-FA 2002 ASSETS ETC) (i) for “the gain”, in the first place those words occur, substitute “a gain to which section 222 applies”, Resolved, (ii) for “section 223” substitute “sections 223 and That provision may be made— 223B”, (a) amending Chapter 16 of Part 8 of the Corporation Tax (c) in subsection (2) for “section 223” substitute Act 2009, and “sections 223 and 223B”, and (b) restricting the debits to be brought into account by a (d) in subsection (3) for “Section 223” substitute company for tax purposes in respect of certain intangible “Sections 223 and 223B”. fixed assets acquired on or after 1 July 2020. 915 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 916

25. UK PROPERTY BUSINESSES ETC CARRIED 33. INHERITANCE TAX (PROPERTY ON BY NON-UK RESIDENT COMPANIES COMPRISED IN SETTLEMENTS) Resolved, Resolved, That provision (including provision having retrospective That provision may be made amending the Inheritance Tax effect) may be made, in consequence of Schedule 1 or 5 to the Act 1984 in relation to cases where property becomes comprised Finance Act 2019, in relation to non-UK resident companies that in a settlement. carry on UK property businesses or have other income relating to land in the United Kingdom. 34. INHERITANCE TAX (PAYMENTS TO VICTIMS OF PERSECUTION DURING SECOND 26. SURCHARGE ON BANKING COMPANIES WORLD WAR) (TRANSFERRED-IN LOSSES) Resolved, Resolved, That provision (including provision having retrospective effect) may be made about inheritance tax relief in respect of That provision may be made about the treatment of losses payments to victims of persecution during the Second World transferred to a banking company from a non-banking company War era. in calculating the surcharge profits of the banking company under Chapter 4 of Part 7A of the Corporation Tax Act 2010. 35. STAMP DUTY (UNLISTED SECURITIES AND CONNECTED PERSONS) 27. CORPORATION TAX (PAYMENT OF TAX ON CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS WITH EEA Resolved, RESIDENTS) That provision may be made for the purposes of stamp duty in relation to transfers of unlisted securities involving connected Resolved, persons. That provision (including provision having retrospective effect) may be made for the deferral of the payment of corporation tax arising in connection with certain transactions 36. STAMP DUTY RESERVE TAX (UNLISTED involving companies resident in an EEA state. SECURITIES AND CONNECTED PERSONS) Resolved, That provision may be made about the application of sections 28. CHANGES TO ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 87, 93 and 96 of the Finance Act 1986 in relation to transfers of AFFECTING LEASES unlisted securities involving connected persons. Resolved, That provision (including provision having retrospective 37. STAMP DUTY (ACQUISITION OF TARGET effect) may be made amending paragraphs 13(1) and 14 of COMPANY’S SHARE CAPITAL) Schedule 14 to the Finance Act 2019. Resolved, That provision may be made amending section 77A of the 29. ENTERPRISE INVESTMENT SCHEME Finance Act 1986. (APPROVED INVESTMENT FUND AS NOMINEE) 38. VALUE ADDED TAX (CALL-OFF STOCK Resolved, ARRANGEMENTS) That provision may be made amending section 251 of the Resolved, Income Tax Act 2007. That— (1) The Value Added Tax Act 1994 is amended as follows. 30. GAINS FROM CONTRACTS FOR LIFE (2) After section 14 insert— INSURANCE ETC (TOP SLICING RELIEF) “Goods supplied between the UK and member States under call-off stock arrangements Resolved, 14A Call-off stock arrangements That provision (including provision having retrospective Schedule 4B (call-off stock arrangements) has effect.” effect) may be made amending sections 535 to 537 of the Income Tax (Trading and Other Income) Act 2005. (3) In section 69 (breaches of regulatory provisions)— (a) in subsection (1)(a) for “or paragraph 5 of Schedule 3A” substitute “, paragraph 5 of Schedule 3A or 31. LOSSES ON DISPOSALS OF SHARES paragraph 9(1) or (2)(a) of Schedule 4B”, and (b) in subsection (2) after “under” insert “paragraph 8 or Resolved, 9(2)(b) of Schedule 4B or”. That provision (including provision having retrospective (4) In Schedule 4 (matters to be treated as a supply of goods or effect) may be made repealing section 134(5) of the Income Tax services) in Act 2007 and section 78(5) of the Corporation Tax Act 2010. paragraph 6, after sub-paragraph (2) insert— “(3) Sub-paragraph (1) above is subject to paragraph 2 of Schedule 4B (calloff 32. DIGITAL SERVICES TAX stock arrangements).” Resolved, (5) After Schedule 4A insert— That provision may be made imposing a tax on revenues “SCHEDULE 4B arising in connection with the provision of a social media service, internet search engine, online marketplace or associated online Section 14A advertising service. CALL-OFF STOCK ARRANGEMENTS 917 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 918

Where this Schedule applies (d) an acquisition of the goods by the customer in pursuance 1 (1) This Schedule applies where— of the deemed supply is deemed to take place in the destination State. (a) on or after 1 January 2020 goods forming part of the assets of any business are removed— (3) For the meaning of a “relevant event”, see paragraph 7. (i) from the United Kingdom for the purpose of being Relevant event occurs within 12 months of arrival taken to a place in a member State, or 4 (1) The rules in sub-paragraph (2) apply (subject to (ii) from a member State for the purpose of being paragraph 6) if— taken to a place in the United Kingdom, (a) during the period of 12 months beginning with the day (b) the goods are removed in the course or furtherance of the goods arrive in the destination State a relevant that business by or under the directions of the person event occurs, and carrying on that business (“the supplier”), (b) during the period beginning with the day the goods (c) the goods are removed with a view to their being supplied arrive in the destination State and ending immediately in the destination State, at a later stage and after their before the time that relevant event occurs the supplier arrival there, to another person (“the customer”), does not transfer the whole property in the goods to (d) at the time of the removal the customer is entitled to the customer. take ownership of the goods in accordance with an (2) The rules are that— agreement existing between the customer and the supplier, (a) a supply of the goods in the origin State is deemed to be made by the supplier, (e) at the time of the removal the supplier does not have a business establishment or other fixed establishment (b) that deemed supply is deemed to involve the removal of in the destination State, the goods from the origin State at the time the relevant event occurs, and (f) at the time of the removal the customer is identified for the purposes of VAT in accordance with the law of (c) an acquisition of the goods by the supplier in pursuance the destination State and both the identity of the of that deemed supply is deemed to take place in the customer and the number assigned to the customer destination State. for the purposes of VAT by the destination State are (3) For the meaning of a “relevant event”, see paragraph 7. known to the supplier, Goods not supplied and no relevant event occurs within 12 months (g) as soon as reasonably practicable after the removal the of arrival supplier records the removal in the register provided 5 (1) The rules in sub-paragraph (2) apply (subject to for in Article 243(3) of Council Directive 2006/ paragraph 6) if during the period of 12 months beginning with 112/EC of 28 the day the goods arrive in the destination State the supplier does November 2006 on the common system of value added not transfer the whole property in the goods to the customer and tax, and no relevant event occurs. (h) the supplier includes the number mentioned in (2) The rules are that— paragraph (f) in the recapitulative statement provided for in Article 262(2) of Council Directive 2006/112/ (a) a supply of the goods in the origin State is deemed to EC. be made by the supplier, (b) the deemed supply is deemed to involve the removal of (2) In this Schedule— the goods from the origin State at the beginning of “the destination State” means— the day following the expiry of the period of 12 months (a) in a case within paragraph (i) of sub-paragraph mentioned in sub-paragraph (1), and (1)(a), the member State concerned, and (c) an acquisition of the goods by the supplier in pursuance (b) in a case within paragraph (ii) of sub-paragraph (1) of the deemed supply is deemed to take place in the (a), the United Kingdom, and destination State. “the origin State” means— (3) For the meaning of a “relevant event”, see paragraph 7. (a) in a case within paragraph (i) of sub-paragraph (1) (a), the United Kingdom, and Exception to paragraphs 4 and 5: goods returned to origin State (b) in a case within paragraph (ii) of sub-paragraph 6 The rules in paragraphs 4(2) and 5(2) do not apply if during (1 )(a), the member State concerned. the period of 12 months beginning with the day the goods arrive Removal of the goods not to be treated as a supply in the destination State— 2 The removal of the goods from the origin State is not to be (a) the goods are returned to the origin State by or under treated by reason of paragraph 6(1) of Schedule 4 as a supply of the direction of the supplier, and goods by the supplier. (b) the supplier records the return of the goods in the Goods supplied to the customer within 12 months of arrival register provided for in Article 243 (3) of Council Directive 2006/112/EC. 3 (1) The rules in sub-paragraph (2) apply if— Meaning of “relevant event” (a) during the period of 12 months beginning with the day the goods arrive in the destination State the supplier 7 (1) For the purposes of this Schedule each of the following transfers the whole property in the goods to the events is a relevant event— customer, and (a) the supplier forms an intention not to supply the goods (b) during the period beginning with the day the goods to the customer (but see sub-paragraph (2)), arrive in the destination State and ending immediately (b) the supplier forms an intention to supply the goods to before the time of that transfer no relevant event occurs. the customer otherwise than in the destination State, (2) The rules are that— (c) the supplier establishes a business establishment or (a) a supply of the goods in the origin State is deemed to other fixed establishment in the destination State, be made by the supplier, (d) the customer ceases to be identified for the purposes of (b) the deemed supply is deemed to involve the removal of VAT in accordance with the law of the destination the goods from the origin State at the time of the State, transfer mentioned in sub-paragraph (1), (e) the goods are removed from the destination State by or (c) the consideration given by the customer for the transfer under the directions of the supplier otherwise than mentioned in sub-paragraph (1) is deemed to have for the purpose of being returned to the origin State, been given for the deemed supply, and or 919 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 920

(f) the goods are destroyed, lost or stolen. (9) After regulation 22 insert— (2) But the event mentioned in paragraph (a) of sub-paragraph “22ZA(1) A taxable person must submit a statement to (1) is not a relevant event for the purposes of this Schedule if— the Commissioners if any of the following events (a) at the time that the event occurs the supplier forms an occurs— intention to supply the goods to another person (“the (a) goods are removed from the United Kingdom substitute customer”), under call-off stock arrangements by or under the (b) at that time the substitute customer is identified for the directions of the taxable person; purposes of VAT in accordance with the law of the (b) call-off stock goods are returned to the United destination State, Kingdom by or under the directions of the taxable (c) the supplier includes the number assigned to the person at any time during the period of 12 months substitute customer for the purposes of VAT by the beginning with their arrival in the destination destination State in the recapitulative statement State; provided for in Article 262 (2) of Council Directive (c) the taxable person forms an intention to supply 2006/112/EC, and call-off stock goods to a person (“the substitute”) (d) as soon as reasonably practicable after forming the other than the customer in circumstances where— intention to supply the goods to the substitute (i) the taxable person forms that intention during customer the supplier records that intention in the the period of 12 months beginning with the register provided for in Article 243 (3) of Council arrival of the goods in the destination State, Directive 2006/112/EC. and (3) In a case where sub-paragraph (2) applies, references in this (ii) the substitute is identified for VAT purposes in Schedule to the customer are to be then read as references to the accordance with the law of the destination substitute customer. State. (2) The statement must— (4) In a case where the goods are destroyed, lost or stolen but it is not possible to determine the date on which that occurred, (a) be made in the form specified in a notice published the goods are to be treated for the purposes of this Schedule as by the Commissioners, having been destroyed, lost or stolen on the date on which they (b) contain, in respect of each event mentioned in were found to be destroyed or missing. paragraph (1) which has occurred within the period Record keeping by the supplier in respect of which the statement is made, such information as may from time to time be specified 8 In a case where the origin State is the United Kingdom, any in a notice published by the Commissioners, and record made by the supplier in pursuance of paragraph 1(1)(g), (c) contain a declaration that the information provided 6(b) or 7(2)(d) must be preserved for such period not exceeding in the statement is true and complete. 6 years as the Commissioners may specify in writing. (3) Paragraphs (3), (4) and (6) of regulation 22 have effect Record keeping by the customer for the purpose of determining the period in respect 9 (1) In a case where the destination State is the United of which the statement must be made, but as if— Kingdom, the customer must as soon as is reasonably practicable (a) in paragraph (3)(a) of regulation 22, for make a record of the information relating to the goods that is “paragraphs (4) to (6)” there were substituted specified in Article 54A(2) of Council Implementing Regulation “paragraphs (4) and (6)”, (EU) No. 282/2011 of 15 March 2011 laying down implementing (b) in paragraph (3)(a) of regulation 22, for “the EU measures for Directive 2006/112/EC on the common system of supply of goods is made” there were substituted value added tax. “the event occurs”, (2) A record made under this paragraph must— (c) in paragraph (4)(a) of regulation 22, for “the supply (a) be made in a register kept by the customer for the is made” there were substituted “the event occurs”, purposes of this paragraph, and and (b) be preserved for such period not exceeding 6 years as (d) in paragraph (6) of regulation 22, the reference to the Commissioners may specify in writing.” paragraph (1) of that regulation were a reference (6) In Schedule 6 (valuation of supplies: special cases) in to paragraph (1) of this regulation. paragraph 6(1) in paragraph (c) after “that Schedule” insert “; or (4) In determining the period in respect of which the (d) paragraph 4(2)(a) or 5(2)(a) of Schedule 4B”. statement must be made, the time at which an event (7) The Value Added Tax Regulations 1995 (S.I. 1995/2518) mentioned in paragraph (1) (a) of this regulation is to are amended as follows. be taken to occur is the time the goods concerned are removed from the United Kingdom (rather than the (8) In regulation 21 (interpretation of Part 4)— time the condition mentioned in paragraph (g) of (a) the existing text becomes paragraph (1), and paragraph 1 (1) to Schedule 4B to the Act is met in (b) after that paragraph insert— respect of the removal).” “(2) For the purposes of this Part— (10) In regulation 22B (EC sales statements: supplementary)— (a) goods are removed from the United Kingdom (a) in paragraph (1) for the words from “statements”, in under call-off stock arrangements if they are the first place it occurs, to “and” substitute “more removed from the United Kingdom in than one statement is to be submitted under regulations circumstances where the conditions in paragraphs 22 to”, (a) to (g) of paragraph 1 (1) of Schedule 4B to (b) in paragraph (2) after “22” insert “, 22ZA”, and the Act are met, (c) in paragraph (3), in the words before paragraph (a), (b) references to “the customer” or “the destination after “22” insert “, 22ZA”. State”, in relation to goods removed from the UnitedKingdomundercall-off stockarrangements, (11) Regulation 22ZA of the Value Added Tax Regulations are to be construed in accordance with paragraph 1995 (as inserted by paragraph (9) of this Resolution) is to be 1 of Schedule 4B to the Act, and treated for the purposes of sections 65 and 66 of the Value (c) “call-off stock goods”, in relation to a taxable Added Tax Act 1994 as having been made under paragraph 2(3) person, means goods that have been removed of Schedule 11 to that Act. from the United Kingdom under call-off And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that stock arrangements by or under the directions this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions of the taxable person.” of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. 921 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 922

39. POST-DUTY POINT DILUTION OF WINE OR (2) In paragraph 1 (general rate)— MADE-WINE (a) in sub-paragraph (2) (vehicle not covered elsewhere in Resolved, Schedule with engine cylinder capacity exceeding 1,549cc), for “£265” substitute “£270”, and That— (b) in sub-paragraph (2A) (vehicle not covered elsewhere (1) After section 55 of the Alcoholic Liquor Duties Act 1979 in Schedule with engine cylinder capacity not insert— exceeding 1,549cc), for “£160” substitute “£165”. “55ZA Post-duty point dilution of wine or made-wine (3) In paragraph 1B (graduated rates for light passenger (1) This section applies if— vehicles registered before 1 April 2017), for the Table substitute— (a) wine or made-wine is imported into the United Kingdom or produced in the United Kingdom for “CO2 emissions figure Rate sale, (b) excise duty is chargeable on the wine or made-wine (1) (2) (3) (4) as a result of section 54 or 55, Exceeding Not exceeding Reduced rate Standard rate (c) after the excise duty point in relation to that charge, g/km g/km £ £ a person mixes or otherwise adds, at any place in 100 110 10 20 the United Kingdom, water or any other substance 110 120 20 30 to the wine or made-wine in a case where what results (“the new product”) is intended for sale, 120 130 115 125 and 130 140 140 150 (d) if the addition had taken place immediately before 140 150 155 165 that duty point, the amount of the excise duty 150 165 195 205 would have been greater than the amount actually 165 175 230 240 payable. 175 185 255 265 (2) The addition attracts a penalty under section 9 of the 185 200 295 305 Finance Act 1994 (civil penalties), and the new 200 225 320 330 product is liable to forfeiture. 225 255 555 565 (3) This section has effect, despite section 8 of the Isle of Man Act 1979, as if a removal of wine or made-wine 255 — 570 580”. to the United Kingdom from the Isle of Man (4) In the sentence immediately following the Table in that constituted its importation into the United Kingdom paragraph, for paragraphs (a) and (b) substitute— (and references to the charge to excise duty as a result of section 54 or 55 and to the excise duty point are to “(a) in column (3), in the last two rows, “320” were be read accordingly).” substituted for “555” and “570”, and (2) The amendment made by this Resolution has effect in (b) in column (4), in the last two rows, “330”were substituted relation to any addition of water or any other substance on or for “565” and “580”.” after 1 April 2020. (5) In paragraph 1GC (graduated rates for first licence for light And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that passenger vehicles registered on or after 1 April 2017), for Table 1 this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions (vehicles other than higher rate diesel vehicles) substitute— of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. “CO2 emissions figure Rate

40. RATES OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS DUTY (1) (2) (3) (4) That— Exceeding Not exceeding Reduced rate Standard rate (1) In Schedule 1 to the Tobacco Products Duty Act 1979 (table g/km g/km £ £ of rates of tobacco products duty), for the Table substitute— 0 50 0 10 50 75 15 25 “TABLE 75 90 100 110 90 100 125 135 1 Cigarettes An amount equal to the higher 100 110 145 155 of— 110 130 165 175 (a) 16.5% of the retail price plus £237.34 per thousand cigarettes, 130 150 205 215 or 150 170 530 540 (b) £305.23 per thousand cigarettes. 170 190 860 870 2 Cigars £296.04 per kilogram 190 225 1295 1305 3 Hand-rolling tobacco £253.33 per kilogram 225 255 1840 1850 4 Other smoking tobacco and £130.16 per kilogram 255 — 2165 2175”. chewing tobacco 5 Tobacco for heating £243.95 per kilogram” (6) In that paragraph, for Table 2 (higher rate diesel vehicles) substitute— (2) The amendment made by this Resolution comes into force at 6pm on 11 March 2020. “CO2 emissions figure Rate And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions (1) (2) (3) of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. Exceeding Not exceeding Rate g/km g/km £ 41. VEHICLE EXCISE DUTY (RATES) 0 50 25 50 75 110 That— 75 90 135 (1) Schedule 1 to the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 90 100 155 (annual rates of vehicle excise duty) is amended as follows. 923 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 924

43. VEHICLE EXCISE DUTY (ELECTRIC “CO emissions figure Rate 2 VEHICLES: EXTENSION OF EXEMPTION) 100 110 175 Resolved, 110 130 215 That— 130 150 540 (1) The Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 is amended 150 170 870 as follows. 170 190 1305 (2) In paragraph 25 of Schedule 2 (exempt vehicles: light 190 225 1850 passenger vehicles with low CO2 emissions) omit sub-paragraphs 225 255 2175 (5) and (6) (no exemption if vehicle price exceeds £40,000 etc). 255 — 2175”. (3) As a consequence, Part 1AA of Schedule 1 (annual rates of duty: light passenger vehicles registered on or after 1 April 2017) (7) In paragraph 1GD(1) (rates for any other licence for light is amended as follows. passenger vehicles registered on or after 1 April 2017)— (4) In paragraph 1GB (exemption from paying duty on first (a) in paragraph (a) (reduced rate), for “£135” substitute vehicle licence for certain vehicles)— “£140”, and (a) in sub-paragraph (1) omit “(2) or”, and (b) in paragraph (b) (standard rate), for “£145” substitute “£150”. (b) omit sub-paragraph (2). (8) In paragraph 1GE(2) (rates for light passenger vehicles (5) In paragraph 1GD (rates of duty payable on any other registered on or after 1 April 2017 with a price exceeding vehicle licence for vehicle), in sub-paragraph (2) omit “or (4)”. £40,000)— (6) In paragraph 1GE (higher rates of duty: vehicles with a (a) in paragraph (a), for “£440” substitute “£465”, and price exceeding £40,000)— (b) in paragraph (b), for “£450” substitute “£475”. (a) omit sub-paragraphs (3) and (4), and (b) in sub-paragraph (5) for “sub-paragraphs (2) and (4) (9) In paragraph 1J(a) (rates for light goods vehicles that are do” substitute “Sub-paragraph (2) does”. not pre-2007 or post-2008 lower emission vans), for “£260” substitute “£265”. (7) In paragraph 1GF (calculating the price of a vehicle), in sub-paragraph (1) omit “and (3)(a)”. (10) In paragraph 2(1) (rates for motorcycles)— (8) The amendments made by this Resolution come into force (a) in paragraph (b) (motorbicycles with engine cylinder on 1 April 2020 but do not apply in relation to licences in force capacity exceeding 150cc but not exceeding 400cc), immediately before that date. for “£43” substitute “£44”, And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that (b) in paragraph (c) (motorbicycles with engine cylinder this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions capacity exceeding 400cc but not exceeding 600cc), of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. for “£66” substitute “£67”, and (c) in paragraph (d) (other cases), for “£91” substitute 44. VEHICLE EXCISE DUTY (MOTOR “£93”. CARAVANS) (11) The amendments made by this Resolution have effect in Resolved, relation to licences taken out on or after 1 April 2020. That— And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that (1) In the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994, in this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions Part 1AA of Schedule 1 (annual rates of duty: light passenger of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. vehicles registered on or after 1 April 2017), paragraph 1GA is amended as follows. 42. VEHICLE EXCISE DUTY (APPLICABLE CO2 (2) After sub-paragraph (1) insert— EMISSIONS FIGURE) “(1A) But this Part of this Schedule does not apply to a motor caravan which is first registered, under this Resolved, Act or under the law of a country or territory outside That— the United Kingdom, on or after 12 March 2020.” (1) In Schedule 1 to the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act (3) After sub-paragraph (2) insert— 1994 (annual rates of duty) in paragraph 1GA(5) (meaning of “(2A) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (1A) a vehicle is “the applicable CO2 emissions figure”)— a “motor caravan” if the certificate mentioned in (a) omit “and” at the end of paragraph (a), sub-paragraph (1) (b) identifies the vehicle as a motor caravan within the meaning of Annex II to Directive (b) in paragraph (b)— 2007/46/EC.” (i) after “figure” insert “of a vehicle first registered before 1 April 2020”, And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions (ii) for “light-duty” substitute “light”, and of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. (iii) after “EU certificate of conformity” insert “or UK approval certificate”, and 45. VEHICLE EXCISE DUTY (EXEMPTION IN (c) at the end of paragraph (b) insert “, and RESPECT OF MEDICAL COURIER VEHICLES) (c) for the purpose of determining the applicable CO2 Resolved, emissions figure of a vehicle first registered on or That— after 1 April 2020, ignore any values specified in (1) Schedule 2 to the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 an EU certificate of conformity or UK approval (exempt vehicles) is amended as follows. certificate that are not WLTP (worldwide harmonised light vehicle test procedures) values”. (2) In the heading before paragraph 6, after “Ambulances” insert “, medical courier vehicles”. (2) The amendments made by this Resolution have effect in relation to licences taken out on or after 1 April 2020. (3) After paragraph 6 insert— And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that “6A (1) A vehicle is an exempt vehicle if— this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions (a) it is used primarily for the transportation of medical of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. items, 925 Income Tax (Charge)17 MARCH 2020 Income Tax (Charge) 926

(b) it is readily identifiable as a vehicle used for the (a) in paragraph (ba) (reduced-rate supplies of electricity), transportation of medical items by being marked for “7” substitute “8”, “Blood” on both sides, and (b) after that paragraph insert— (c) it is registered under this Act in the name of a charity whose main purpose is to provide services “(bb) if the supply is a reduced-rate of supply of any for the transportation of medical items. petroleum gas,or other gaseous hydrocarbon, supplied in a liquid state, 23 per cent of the amount that (2) In this paragraph— would be payable if the supply were a supply to “charity” means a charity as defined by paragraph which paragraph (a) applies;”, and 1 of Schedule 6 to the Finance Act 2010; “medical items” means items intended for use for (c) in paragraph (c) (other reduced-rate supplies), for “22” medical purposes, including in particular— substitute “19”. (a) blood; (4) In consequence of the amendment made by paragraph (3) (b) medicines and other medical supplies; of this Resolution, in the Notes to paragraph 2 of Schedule 1 to (c) items relating to people who are undergoing medical the Climate Change Levy (General) Regulations 2001, for the treatment; definition of “r” substitute— “item” includes any substance.” “r= 0.92 in the case of electricity; 0.77 in the case (4) The amendments made by this Resolution come into force of any petroleum gas, or other gaseous on 1 April 2020. hydrocarbon, supplied in a liquid state; and And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that 0.81 in any other case.” this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions (5) The amendments made by this Resolution have effect in of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. relation to supplies treated as taking place on or after 1 April 2020. And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that 46. HYDROCARBON OIL DUTIES (PRIVATE this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions PLEASURE CRAFT) of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968. Resolved, That provision may be made as regards the use of rebated fuels 50. RATES OF CLIMATE CHANGE LEVY in private pleasure craft. (FUTURE YEARS) Resolved, 47. RATES OF AIR PASSENGER DUTY That (notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the practice Resolved, of the House relating to the matters that may be included in That (notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the practice Finance Bills) provision may be made taking effect in a future of the House relating to the matters that may be included in year amending the rates of climate change levy. Finance Bills) provision may be made taking effect in a future year increasing the rates of air passenger duty. 51. RATES OF LANDFILL TAX 48. AMOUNTS OF GROSS GAMING YIELD Resolved, CHARGED TO GAMING DUTY That— Resolved, (1) Section 42 of the Finance Act 1996 (amount of landfill tax) That provision may be made increasing the amounts of gross is amended as follows. gaming yield specified in the table in section 11(2) of the Finance (2) In subsection (1)(a) (standard rate), for “£91.35” substitute Act 1997. “£94.15”. (3) In subsection (2) (reduced rate for certain disposals), in the 49. RATES OF CLIMATE CHANGE LEVY FROM words after paragraph (b)— APRIL 2020 (a) for “£91.35” substitute “£94.15”, and Resolved, (b) for “£2.90” substitute “£3”. That— (4) The amendments made by this Resolution have effect in (1) Paragraph 42 of Schedule 6 to the Finance Act 2000 relation to disposals made (or treated as made) on or after 1 April (climate change levy: amount payable by way of levy) is amended 2020. as follows. And it is declared that it is expedient in the public interest that (2) In sub-paragraph (1), for the table substitute— this Resolution should have statutory effect under the provisions “TABLE of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968.

Taxable commodity supplied Rate at which levy payable if supply 52. CARBON EMISSIONS TAX is not a reduced-rate supply Resolved, Electricity £0.00811 per kilowatt hour That provision may be made about carbon emissions tax. Gas supplied by a gas utility or £0.00406 per kilowatt hour any gas supplied in a gaseous state that is of a kind supplied by a gas utility 53. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS TRADING Any petroleum gas, or other £0.02175 per kilogram SCHEMES gaseous hydrocarbon, supplied in Resolved, a liquid state Any other taxable commodity £0.03174 per kilogram”. That provision may be made for the imposition of charges by the allocation, in return for payment, of allowances under (3) In sub-paragraph (1)— paragraph 5 of Schedule 2 to the Climate Change Act 2008. 927 Income Tax (Charge) 17 MARCH 2020 928

54. IMPORT DUTY (INTERNATIONAL TRADE 61. PREPARATORY EXPENDITURE ON DISPUTES) PLASTICS TAX Resolved, Resolved, That provision may be made amending section 15(1)(b) of the That provision may be made about preparations by the Taxation (Cross-border Trade) Act 2018. Commissioners for Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs for the introduction of a new tax to be charged in respect of certain plastic packaging. 55. PRIORITY OF CERTAIN HMRC DEBTS ON INSOLVENCY 62. LIMITS ON LOCAL LOANS Resolved, Resolved, That provision may be made conferring, on the insolvency of a That (notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the practice person, a priority as regards an amount owed by the person to of the House relating to the matters that may be included in the Commissioners for Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs in Finance Bills) provision may be made increasing to £115 billion, respect of— with power to increase by order to £135 billion, the limit imposed by section 4 of the National Loans Act 1968 in relation to loans (a) value added tax, or made in pursuance of section 3 of that Act. (b) certain deductions that the person is required to make from a payment made to another person. 63. INCIDENTAL PROVISION ETC Resolved, 56. JOINT AND SEVERAL LIABILITY OF That it is expedient to authorise— INDIVIDUALS FOR TAX LIABILITIES OF (a) any incidental or consequential charges to any duty or COMPANIES ETC tax (including charges having retrospective effect) Resolved, that may arise from provisions designed in general to afford relief from taxation, and That provision may be made for individuals to be jointly and severally liable, in certain circumstances involving insolvency or (b) any incidental or consequential provision (including potential insolvency, for amounts payable to the Commissioners provision having retrospective effect) relating to for Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs by bodies corporate or provision authorised by any other resolution. unincorporate. FINANCE (MONEY) Queen’s recommendation signified 57. OPERATION OF THE GENERAL ANTI- Resolved, ABUSE RULE That, for the purposes of any Act of the present Session Resolved, relating to finance, it is expedient to authorise— That provision may be made— (a) the payment out of money provided by Parliament of sums (a) about the procedural requirements and time limits for incurred by the Commissioners for Her Majesty’s Revenue and the making of adjustments by virtue of section 209 Customs which is attributable to the increase in the percentage in of the Finance Act 2013, and section 104M(3) of the Corporation Tax Act 2009, and (b) amending paragraph 5 of Schedule 43C to that Act. (b) any increase in the sums payable out of or into the National Loans Fund which is attributable to increasing to £115 billion, with power to increase by order to £135 billion, the 58. TAX RELIEF FOR SCHEME PAYMENTS ETC limit imposed by section 4 of the National Loans Act 1968 in Resolved, relation to loans made in pursuance of section 3 of that Act. That provision (including provision having retrospective Ordered, effect) may be made for tax relief in respect of— That a Bill be brought in upon the foregoing Resolutions; (a) payments made under or otherwise referable to the That the Chairman of Ways and Means, the Prime Windrush Compensation Scheme, Minister, Mr Chancellor of the Exchequer, Secretary (b) payments under the Troubles Permanent Disablement Matt Hancock, Secretary Alok Sharma, Secretary Grant Payment Scheme, and Shapps, Steve Barclay, John Glen, Kemi Badenoch and (c) other compensation payments made by or on behalf of Jesse Norman bring in the Bill. a government, public authority or local authority. FINANCE BILL Jesse Norman accordingly presented a Bill to grant 59. HMRC EXERCISE OF OFFICER FUNCTIONS certain duties, to alter other duties and to amend the Resolved, law relating to the National Debt and the Public Revenue, and to make further provision in connection with finance. That provision (including provision having retrospective effect) may be made about things done by Her Majesty’s Revenue Bill read the First time; to be read a Second time and Customs in the exercise of functions conferred by or under tomorrow, and to be printed (Bill 114). enactments relating to taxation on officers of Revenue and Customs. Business without Debate

LIAISON MEMBERSHIP 60. TAX RETURNS (LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIPS) Motion made, That— Resolved, (1) With effect for the current Parliament, notwithstanding That provision (including provision having retrospective Standing Order No. 121 (Nomination of select committees), the effect) may be made about tax returns in relation to limited Members elected by the House or otherwise chosen to be chairs liability partnerships that are not carrying on a trade, profession of each of the select committees listed in paragraph (2) shall be a or business with a view to profit. member of the Liaison Committee; 929 Business without Debate 17 MARCH 2020 930

(2) The committees to which paragraph (1) applies are: Publication of Content of Ministerial Administration; Statements Backbench Business; Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy; 7.4 pm Defence; Mr Speaker: Before I call the Chancellor of the Digital, Culture, Media and Sport; Exchequer to make his statement, I wish to make a few Education; remarks. Ministers have the right to make statements Environmental Audit; immediately after questions and urgent questions in the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs; normal way, but ministerial statements at other times European Scrutiny; require my permission. The Government asked my permission for the Chancellor to make a statement European Statutory Instruments; today at 7 pm. I agreed to that, but I made it clear that I Finance; did so only on the basis that the House would be the Foreign Affairs; first to hear from him and that he would not first Future Relationship with the European Union; appear before the media. I turned down requests for Health and Social Care; urgent questions to the Chancellor that I would otherwise Home Affairs; have granted. I wanted to ensure that elected Members Housing, Communities and Local Government; had the first opportunity to question the Chancellor. Joint Committee on Human Rights (the chair being a Member I am deeply disappointed that what I understood to of this House); be a commitment has not been honoured. These are International Development; difficult and sobering times. I do not want to pick a quarrel with any Member. I do, though, want to make it International Trade; crystal clear that my view is that Ministers have a duty Justice; to report first to this House when major policy changes Northern Ireland Affairs; are announced. The Chancellor has the chance to do Petitions; the right thing in the future. I call upon him now to give Procedure; the House an assurance that any future statements will Privileges (the chair not being the chair of the Committee on be made to the House first, which is consistent with Standards) section 9.1 of the ministerial code. Public Accounts; Public Administration and Constitutional Affairs; Regulatory Reform; Science and Technology; Scottish Affairs; Selection; Standards; Statutory Instruments; Transport; Treasury; Welsh Affairs; Women and Equalities, and Work and Pensions; (3) Sir Bernard Jenkin shall also be a member, and the chair, of the Liaison Committee.—(David Rutley.) Hon. Members: Object.

DELEGATED LEGISLATION Motion made, and Question put forthwith (Standing Order No. 118(6)),

ECCLESIASTICAL LAW That the draft Grants to the Churches Conservation Trust Order 2020, which was laid before this House on 13 January, be approved.—(David Rutley.) Question agreed to. Motion made, and Question put forthwith (Standing Order No. 118(6))

SENIOR COURTS OF ENGLAND AND WALES That the draft Crown Court (Recording and Broadcasting) Order 2020, which was laid before this House on 16 January, be approved.—(David Rutley.) Question agreed to. 931 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 932

Economic Update In response to the updated medical advice yesterday, I can take three immediate steps today. First, the 7.6 pm Government will stand behind businesses small and The Chancellor of the Exchequer (Rishi Sunak): Thank large. I can announce today an unprecedented package you, Mr Speaker. I am grateful to you for allowing me of Government-backed and guaranteed loans to support to make this statement. Let me wholeheartedly apologise businesses to get through this. Today, I am making that I was not able to set out these measures to the available an initial £330 billion of guarantees, equivalent House first. I can provide the reassurance that you to 15% of our GDP. That means any business that requested and I hope that hon. and right hon. Members needs to access cash to pay its rent, salaries or suppliers across the House understand that these are extraordinary will be able to access a Government-backed loan on circumstances. attractive terms. If demand is greater than the initial I want to take the opportunity today to set out for the £330 billion I am making available today, I will go House the next stage of our economic plan in response further and provide as much capacity as required. I said to the coronavirus. The coronavirus pandemic is a public whatever it takes, and I mean it. health emergency, but it is also an economic emergency. That support will be delivered through two main We have never, in peacetime, faced a fight of an economic schemes. To support liquidity among larger firms, I nature like this. I know that people are deeply worried. I have today agreed a new lending facility with the Governor know that people’s anxiety about the disease itself is of the Bank of England to provide low-cost commercial matched only by their anxiety about their livelihoods. paper. To support lending to small and medium-sized In the Budget last week, I set out the first stage of our businesses, I am extending the new business interruption economic response with a £30 billion package to support loan scheme I announced at the Budget last week so people and businesses. I promised to do whatever it that rather than loans of up to £1.2 million, it will now takes to support our economy through this crisis and provide loans of up to £5 million, with no interest due that, if the situation changed, I would not hesitate to for the first six months. Both of those schemes will be take further action. As the Prime Minister set out up and running by the start of next week. I am also yesterday, we are now approaching the fast-growth part taking a new legal power in the covid Bill to offer of the upwards curve. He has set out the next stage of whatever further financial support I decide is necessary. our public health response; I want to update the House Some sectors are facing particularly acute challenges. on the next stage of our economic response. In the coming days, my right hon. Friend the Secretary Let me begin by setting out for the House our overarching of State for Transport and I will discuss a specific economic strategy.People should know that the objective potential support package for airlines and airports. of our economic policy remains clear and our resolve Yesterday, I asked my Cabinet colleagues to urgently remains firm: we will do whatever it takes to protect convene meetings over the coming days with business households and businesses to get through this, and to leaders and representatives in the most affected sectors make sure that the effects do not become permanent. to identify other specific opportunities to support them, As we develop our strategy, not just today but over the including possible regulatory forbearance. I repeat: we will coming days and weeks, we will be guided by three do whatever it takes. principles. First, our response must be comprehensive. Secondly, as well as access to finance, businesses need This national effort will be underpinned by Government support with their cash flow and fixed costs. Following interventions in the economy on a scale unimaginable the changed medical advice yesterday, there are genuine only a few weeks ago. This is not a time for ideology and concerns about the impact on pubs, clubs, theatres and orthodoxy. This is a time to be bold—a time for courage. other hospitality, leisure and retail venues. Let me confirm I want to reassure every British citizen that this today that for those businesses that do have a policy Government will give you the tools you need to get that covers pandemics, the Government’saction is sufficient through this. We will support jobs, we will support and will allow them to make an insurance claim against incomes, we will support businesses, and we will help their policy. But many businesses do not have insurance, protect your loved ones. We will do whatever it takes. so we need to go further. I announced last week that Secondly, our response must be co-ordinated. We in businesses in the retail, hospitality and leisure sectors with Government are working hand in glove with the wider a rateable value of less than £51,000 will pay no business economic authorities. Domestically, that includes the rates this year. Today, I can go further and provide Bank of England, the regulators, and the health response. those businesses with an additional cash grant of up to And internationally, I continue to engage with my G7 £25,000 per business to help bridge through this period. and G20 counterparts to agree and facilitate a global Additionally, I am extending this business rates holiday response. to all businesses in those sectors, irrespective of their Thirdly, our response must be coherent. It would be rateable value. That means that every single shop, pub, easy, at a time like this, to rush into a response and theatre, music venue and restaurant, and any other measures that we found out later had been ill-considered. business in the retail, hospitality or leisure sector, will The single most important test we in this House must pay no business rates whatsoever for 12 months, and if set ourselves is to make sure that the actions we take they have a rateable value of less than £51,000, they will will, in the lives of ordinary people and businesses, now get a cash grant as well. I also announced last week make a difference. To apply those principles in practice, that we would be providing £3,000 grants to 700,000 of we will use fiscal action to support public services, our smallest businesses. To support their cash flow in households and businesses. The Budget last week set these exceptional circumstances, today I can increase out the first stage, including our commitment to provide those cash grants to £10,000. the NHS with whatever it needs. In the coming days, Taken together,on top of the unlimited lending capacity I will take further steps, with a particular focus on I have already announced, that is a package of tax cuts supporting people and individuals. and grants in this financial year to directly support 933 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 934

[Rishi Sunak] the moment do not qualify. Will the Chancellor now consider abolishing completely the lower earnings limit businesses worth more than £20 billion. That comes on with regard to statutory sick pay, as called for by the top of the existing multibillion-pound package I set out CBI? May I also ask him to heed the call of the TUC at Budget, which included reimbursing small and medium- and other groups to lift the overall level of statutory sized companies for the cost of statutory sick pay. Local sick pay? The TUC has proposed that it should be authorities in England will be fully compensated for the raised to the level of the real living wage, and I think costs of these measures, and the devolved Administrations we should support that. Other countries are providing will receive at least £3.5 billion in additional funding as 100% protection of wages. a result, to provide support to businesses in Scotland, Other questions with regard to individuals remain Wales and Northern Ireland. I repeat again: we will do unanswered. Will those workers who have been asked or whatever it takes. required to self-isolate—teachers, health workers, nurses, Thirdly, I will strengthen our support for peoples and carers and other essential public servants—be protected individuals. At Budget last week, I committed £1 billion on full pay to ensure that essential services continue? to support the financial security of vulnerable people Will the Government assure people of a right to work through a half-a-billion-pound boost to the welfare from home? system and a half-a-billion-pound hardship fund for Other pressures felt by individuals relate to rents, local authorities. Following discussions with industry, I mortgages and evictions. I really regret—I ask the can announce today that, for those in difficulty due to Chancellor to consider this urgently this evening—that coronavirus, mortgage lenders will now offer a three-month there was nothing in the statement to protect renters. It mortgage holiday, so that people will not have to pay a affects all our constituents. Will the Chancellor bring penny towards their mortgage while they get back on forward urgently now measures to protect renters, prevent their feet. In the coming days, I will go much further to evictions and enable rent holidays for those people support people’s financial security. In particular, I will unable to meet their costs? Will he put powers in the work with trade unions and businesses to urgently legislation now to follow the example of some other develop new forms of employment support to help countries that have frozen or suspended utility bill protect people’s jobs and incomes through this period. payments and put that on a statutory footing because Let no one doubt our resolve. When I said in the this is an emergency? Budget last week that we will do everything we can to For those who have already lost their jobs, let us be keep this country and our people healthy and financially clear: the level of and access to universal credit are secure, I meant it. The measures that I have announced unacceptable. The Chancellor has said that those receiving today are part of a comprehensive, co-ordinated and universal credit can receive an advance as a loan. This is coherent response to a serious and evolving economic pushing people into debt, some of them the poorest in situation. These are only the first steps, and I will set out our society. The Child Poverty Action Group has asked the next stage of our response in the coming days. We whether we can make that loan non-repayable as a grant. have never faced an economic fight like this one, but we Can I urge him to consider that? are well prepared. We will get through this, and we will do whatever it takes. I commend this statement to the The Chancellor has said, and I welcome it, that he is House. going to bring the trade unions together to look at a more sustainable package. We need to do that within days, not weeks, and we will work with him to ensure 7.17 pm that happens. I would cite other examples. In Denmark, John McDonnell (Hayes and Harlington) (Lab): There the Government cover 75% of wages and companies was an element of déjà vu about that statement. I thank cover 25%. It is true that workers give up some holidays the Chancellor of the Exchequer for providing us with in exchange, but there is a job guarantee for those an earlier copy of it. Of course, we recognise the immense workers. threat that this virus poses to our country and the globe, We want financial support, but we want guarantees and we want to work with him to ensure that we do that these people, when this crisis is over, will have a job everything we can to protect our economy and our to go back to, particularly in those companies where people. But today, in some of our constituencies, people there have been significant lay-offs. Unfortunately, we were being laid off—they were losing their jobs and are now facing significant job losses, and a real sense of their incomes, and their livelihoods are being threatened. uncertainty for workers and businesses alike. I have to People are worried, and I am disappointed that today’s say that that uncertainty was made worse last night by package of measures does not really appreciate the statements with regard to the hospitality sector. I do not urgency or the gravity of the situation for those individuals believe that the Chancellor’s statement today gives the and their families. clarity that is needed. Will he make it clear to the Let us establish a principle throughout our discussions. insurance companies that those in the hospitality sector— To protect our people, the underlying principle must be the pubs, the clubs, the theatres, the festivals—are closing that, wherever a person is sick, self-isolating or laid off on the instruction of the Government? In that way, from their employment, we will protect their income most of them, even if they do not have “pandemic” in and give them security. I want to raise a number of their insurance policies, will be covered. questions about issues that the Chancellor failed to I welcome today’s announcement of loan guarantees address and that I hope will be addressed urgently. to businesses, but I notice in the small print—can the On those people who are sick, there is an urgent need Chancellor clarify this?—that this is interest free for a for statutory sick pay to be available for everybody from period of six months only. I am not sure whether that day 1, and that means extending it to people on low pay, gives the sufficient support and guarantee for the long in part-time work and on zero-hours contracts, who at term that many will want. I welcome the grants, but 935 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 936 may I say to him that the response so far from a number is also pressure on family carers, who are relied on to of businesses has been that the scale of the grants needs support our social care system. We need proposals to reviewing? They are too small, and they do not relate to support them financially as well. the costs that people are involved in at the moment. One area of change that has been mooted is the I welcome what the Government have said about the possible closure of our schools. It is crucial that childcare business rates relief holiday, but last week the statement support is provided in the event that any closures occur. seemed to exclude nurseries and childcare. Can the We will work with the Chancellor on that issue and with Chancellor just clarify that that has been remedied now, local authorities, but it is crucial that children who because childcare and nurseries will be desperately needed depend on free school dinners receive support if the in the coming period? A bit of concern has been expressed schools are closed. We cannot allow them to go hungry. about the British Business Bank being asked last week School staff may be off for long periods and we would to deliver the business interruption loan scheme. As of like an assurance that their incomes will be guaranteed. very recently there is little public evidence that the Pupils and students are being advised to study from scheme has been established or developed. home and most will require access to high-speed broadband. I will turn quickly to individual sectors. On the What will be done to ensure access to broadband for aviation sector and other key transport sectors, I accept students? May I suggest to the Chancellor that it could that there is a need now for support. I say gently, be free? We all rely in our communities on the voluntary however, that I resent Mr Branson urging his workers to sector as well and it is being hit hard because of the take eight weeks of unpaid leave, when he makes such a temporary downturn in donations and staffing levels. fortune, often by tax avoidance as well. If we are to give What consideration has been given to grants to ensure grants, loans and assistance to some of these sectors, we that the voluntary sector can continue to carry out its should consider whether to take an equity stake for the important functions? long term. That also relates to the rail sector. If any We need more clarity on the Barnett consequentials, franchise fails, is there any planning to bring it under and very quickly, because there is uncertainty about the public ownership and management? scale of support that will be given to the devolved Another sector that has been mentioned—this is countries and regions. deeply worrying—is the fishing industry. It has been hit With regard to international interventions, whatever hard, particularly because of its inability to export. We people thought about Gordon Brown’s individual policies, have been told about the lack of insurance cover for in 2007 and 2008 he showed international leadership to boat mortgages. Can we look at that rapidly now to tackle that crisis. I have expressed previously my develop some form of legislative protection? Agriculture disappointment that the Government did not act sooner is now moving into the planting season. The sector was in bringing countries together. I urge the Chancellor to already facing a significant shortage of workers, but it follow up the teleconference with the G7 on Monday now faces even bigger challenges. Will the Chancellor with engagement through the G20, the World Bank, the reassure the House that there will be support for agriculture World Health Organisation and the UN, and to bring throughout, because food supplies will be essential during forward a global plan with his colleagues to ensure that this coming period, especially domestic food supplies? we can give assurance not just to the markets but to I must also raise the issue of public services, which those, particularly in the global south, who may well be the Chancellor did not mention in any depth. The hit hardest by this virus. Opposition received well the commitment that whatever the NHS needs it will get, but can we be clear about the Rishi Sunak: I thank the right hon. Gentleman for allocation of funding to enable testing to take place at the constructive attitude with which he approaches scale? The £5 billion response fund did not earmark any some of these issues. I very much welcome his desire to particular funding for the NHS, let alone for testing. work with me to try to solve some of the pressing issues Clearly, the public now want reassurance that testing that face our nation. will be developed, and we need the funding. Also on the I will try to answer as many of the right hon. Gentleman’s NHS, can the Government point to stronger steps that specific questions as possible, starting with financial need to be taken to manufacture essential ventilators security for our most vulnerable people. I wholeheartedly and provide personal protective equipment for frontline agree that this is a priority and should be a priority, NHS workers? If we are harvesting our resources, Labour which is why, in the Budget, we made significant changes Members do not believe that we should be paying for to the operation of statutory sick pay, universal credit, private hospital beds at this time. Indeed, many of us and employment and support allowance to ensure that believe that they should be requisitioned for the use of people had quicker and more generous access to a the whole community. support system for them and their families. We have The overall system of caring for our population relies already invested £1 billion to provide that extra security, not just on the NHS but on social care. Will the Chancellor but of course we keep all these things under review. As I be absolutely clear now about the scale of funding that said, the next step of our plan is to focus on providing has so far been directed to social care, as there is support to people, their incomes and their jobs over the uncertainty about that at the moment? What does he coming days. think is the best estimate for the level of funding that The right hon. Gentleman asked about insurance for will be needed, given that we have already inherited the leisure sector. I can confirm that, after extensive 120,000 vacancies, and staff numbers may well dwindle meetings today between my hon. Friend the Economic because of the impact of the virus? In recent years, we Secretary to the Treasury and the insurance industry, have seen evidence that some care companies face threats the insurance industry will honour insurance contracts to their financial viability.What plans have the Government that would have been triggered if the advice had been to developed to intervene if necessary in that sector? There ban certain things, rather than it being advisory not to 937 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 938

[Rishi Sunak] and engagement with their particular industries to understand if there are specific measures we should be do them. That has been agreed and negotiated by my looking at, on top of the measures for airlines and hon. Friend. I thank him for those efforts, and I thank airports that we can look to address in the coming days. the insurance industry for doing the right thing. All the sectors he mentioned will be covered by that. The shadow Chancellor asked, rightly, about renters. I agree with the right hon. Gentleman: when it comes Of course, I announced measures today on mortgages. to providing support to larger companies, if the taxpayer He is absolutely right that the biggest fixed cost that is going to be put at risk in supporting those companies, many families face will be their rent payment, and it is it is right that the taxpayer is rewarded on the other side. right that we have regard to that. I can tell him that my That is a principle with which we also wholeheartedly right hon. Friend the Housing Secretary will, in the agree. He can rest assured that, as we negotiate those coming days, make a statement with further measures situations, we will always protect the interests of taxpayers. to protect renters through these difficult times. The right hon. Gentleman rightly asked about public The shadow Chancellor asked about other countries services. Our No. 1 priority is to ensure that the NHS and their experience, and about global leadership. He has everything it needs to get through this period. I made mentioned some specific examples of schemes. I can that commitment last week. I re-echo that commitment assure him that I am in touch with my counterparts today. across the G7 and the G20 to understand how schemes On the Barnett consequentials, the right hon. Gentleman in other countries work. He mentioned, for example, will have seen this week that we released the full amount employment support schemes in both Germany and of the Barnett consequentials resulting from the Budget Denmark. I say to him and to the House that, whatever package in advance to all devolved authorities. Today, I package or scheme we come up with that we believe will announced the overall quantum. Again, we will quickly provide the appropriate support, it is important that we release those, in advance of those payments being released can operationalise that at speed. The difference between in England, to the devolved authorities, so they can our system and that of many other countries is that they plan appropriately. have these systems already in place, so it is far easier for The right hon. Gentleman can rest assured that all them to step them up quickly. We need to make sure we the specific public service issues he mentioned, whether come up with a solution that can be delivered so that it school meals, schools and social care, are under active makes a difference to people quickly, which is why I am and urgent consideration. happy to work closely with unions and business groups I will end on this point. Our public servants, in to see what will make the most sense. particular those working hardest in our NHS right now, On international leadership, I say to the right hon. deserve nothing but our support at this difficult time. I Gentleman that it was widely noticed by other countries want them to know, and I want the country to know, that last week, in this country, we saw both monetary that we will do whatever it takes to get through this. and fiscal policy—the Government and the Bank of England working independently but in a co-ordinated Mel Stride (Central Devon) (Con): These are truly fashion to provide significant support and confidence shocking times and a great weight lies upon the shoulders to the economy. That was acknowledged by people, of my right hon. Friend the Chancellor. I hope it is felt including the International Monetary Fund, which noticed right across the House that we wish him every success in what happened here and pointed at it as an example for his endeavours to steer us through this crisis. He has others to follow. come forward with a huge response to the current On the scale of our response, I ask the right hon. situation, which I know will, in many quarters and Gentleman to look at the analysis comparing the scale businesses up and down the country, provide some of the fiscal support that various different countries are reassurance. There are, however, inevitably some areas providing. Again, I think he will find that the package on which there is still work to come, not least in terms of measures announced both last week and today shows of the employment support package. I note the fact that that we have one of the strongest responses of anybody he will shortly be engaging closely with trade unions in the G7 as a percentage of GDP to the significant and businesses to flesh that out. May I urge him to do challenge that we face. so as quickly and promptly as possible? Does he know The right hon. Gentleman asked about the delivery at this stage when the conclusions of that exercise may of the loan scheme and it is right to focus on how it will be reached, so that we can provide vital reassurance to be delivered. We have been working at pace over the employers and employees who fear for their jobs up and past week to make sure that the loans can be delivered down our country? This is a time in our history where not by the British Business Bank, but by individual not just days, but hours matter. retail banks on high streets up and down the country. Rishi Sunak: I thank my right hon. Friend for his Again, because of the work of the Economic Secretary, thoughtful support. I can tell him that we are working that will happen by early next week: businesses will be on those proposals urgently and plan to have answers able to walk into their local branches and request a for both him and the House in the coming days, ideally business interruption loan that has been backed by the next week, with an early thought of what we can do. As Government on these attractive terms. Again, we have I said, designing these schemes will take an appropriate to work with the systems that we have. We cannot let the amount of diligence and care. That is what we are perfect be the enemy of the good because we want to be focused on urgently as we speak. He is right: this is about able to deliver these schemes as quickly as possible to hours, not days and weeks. businesses up and down the country. The right hon. Gentleman asked about support for a Alison Thewliss (Glasgow Central) (SNP): I thank the variety of sectors. I can tell him that I have urgently Chancellor for the action and the extra money that he asked my Cabinet colleagues to convene roundtables has announced this evening. I put on record my thanks 939 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 940 to health staff, volunteers and everybody working at the paying mortgages, lots of which are buy-to-rent mortgages forefront of this crisis. I also mark my sadness at the where people rent the accommodation. If the mortgage second death that was recorded in Scotland today. holders are getting a break, that must be guaranteed for We want to work across the economy and across renters as well. It must be passed on, and passed on society, because fundamentally this is about people’s quickly. If the Chancellor looks at Twitter, he will see lives. The Chancellor is right that nothing should be that people around the country are losing their tenancies spared when it comes to that. Can he tell me precisely and do not know whether they can get a new one. what the Barnett consequentials will be from today’s There has been talk in the US of $1,000 being given announcement? He says that the Scottish Government to Americans, and in Italy ¤500 being given to the knew in advance. I do not make the point to be party self-employed. Will the Chancellor consider such direct political, but my understanding is that the Scottish schemes for individuals who may be struggling to cope? Government were only notified by letter at 5.30 pm Will he also look at the situation for asylum seekers and yesterday of the previous set of Barnett consequentials those with no recourse to public funds who cannot from last week’s Budget. [Interruption.] I hear hon. claim benefits and are particularly vulnerable? The services, Members saying that that has been the same for Wales. food banks and voluntary action that they rely on will The Scottish Government want to act swiftly. They disappear. They need direct payments as well if they are must not be behind the curve of what England is doing. to live through this crisis. The Chancellor must pick up the phone to Kate Forbes, I note that France is moving to the direct payment of the Scottish Cabinet Secretary for Finance, to let her bills. Will the Chancellor look at that measure? That is a know exactly what is coming, so that she can take different mechanism that stops money being taken out action for Scotland’s businesses and individuals across of people’s pockets, rather than putting money into them. the country. Has he spoken to the energy companies about that? The Chancellor mentioned that the loans will be on Turning to the vulnerability of people in the economy attractive terms. Can he tell us more details? Businesses just now, the Fraser of Allander Institute has said that will be nervous about taking on more debt at this time, only one in four under-25s has enough savings to cover and interest free for six months is perhaps not good one month of income. The under-25s are incredibly enough for businesses that are struggling and questioning vulnerable,so will the Chancellor consider specific measures their very future. His flexibility on the next steps is also to tackle issues for those young people? Only 42% of welcome, but we expect those measures to come before households in the bottom income decile have enough the House if at all possible. savings to cover one month. People will not get through Will the Chancellor take a stake in the airlines to this crisis with the money they have in the bank, because guarantee that money for the future? In any intervention a lot of them have no money in the bank. He needs to for airlines, will he make sure that staff are protected consider how he will ensure that people can put food on first, including support staff in airports and in the the table. That need is particularly pressing for families, supply chain, not just airline staff directly? They are all because if the schools do close and parents cannot worried about their jobs. work, there will be no money coming in. He needs to Cash grants for small businesses are welcome, but I think about how those families will put food on the gently suggest that the £3,000 announced last week was table for those children during this extended period. not enough. Today’s announcement of £10,000 shows I agree with everyone who has said that statutory sick how short that was. The hospitality sector in particular pay is woefully inadequate to deal with this crisis. The needs urgent clarity about what is going to happen for Government have suggested that people should apply events,for pubs and right across the sector.The Government for universal credit, but they seem to be forgetting that need to be absolutely clear: if people are to stay away for many people universal credit is far less generous from pubs, pubs need to know that and have the even than statutory sick pay, so will the Chancellor Government’s backing if they close. That applies across urgently increase the amount that people can get through the hospitality sector, including for hotels and lots of the universal credit system? Will he uprate that so that small businesses in the supply chain. people can get enough money to survive the crisis? Will The Association of British Insurers has suggested he consider extending the period for universal credit that many businesses will not have a policy that covers advances, or ideally get rid of the advances and pay pandemic. Will the UK Government stand as an insurer people straight away? Will he ensure that the Department of last resort, as Professor Sir Charles Bean suggested for Work and Pensions looks carefully at the implications at the Treasury Committee today, saying, of people claiming universal credit for their entitlement “Big early action is better than half-hearted action that’s late”? to legacy benefits, because people might lose out on their legacy benefits if they jump into universal credit I urge the Chancellor to think on that. Can the insurers just now? Will the Department protect that for all cope if they are asked to pay out on all those policies? claimants so that they do not lose out in the long term? Will the Government stand behind the insurers if need be? This is a crisis. I welcome all action that the UK What protection has been given to pregnant women Government will take on this, but the questions this around maternity entitlement? Lots of women have evening will be legion, and people will have so many been asked to take their maternity leave early, which will questions in the days ahead. I ask the Government to affect how long they can stay off at the end. They need listen and to react as quickly as possible to all the to know that the Government will back them on that questions that honourable colleagues will raise this and that they will not lose out on their maternity leave evening, and in the weeks and months ahead. because of the coronavirus. The Chancellor made no mention of private renters, Rishi Sunak: I thank the hon. Member for her comments. particularly young people who are more likely to be in I can reassure her that I am listening. I welcome all the insecure employment. He is giving a break to those suggestions that she has made, and indeed all those that 941 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 942

[Rishi Sunak] means. I think that the best way to judge us is by the total scale of our fiscal response, and on that metric, as other hon. Members will make. We are listening intently a percentage of GDP benchmarked to nearly all developed to hon. Members, and to businesses and others, to countries, we have what is to date one of the most ensure that we provide the support required. comprehensive and significant packages of scale—which, Let me answer the hon. Member’s specific questions. as I have said, underlies our commitment to doing what The Barnett consequentials resulting from today’spackage it takes to get the country through this. will be about £3.5 billion. I understand that my right hon. Friend the Chief Secretary to the Treasury will be Mr David Davis (Haltemprice and Howden) (Con): I speaking to the Scottish Finance Secretary tomorrow to strongly welcome the Chancellor’s enormous loan and explain in more detail how that will work. Earlier this guarantee package, but he himself recognised that he is week we released the Barnett consequentials to the supporting the liquidity of businesses rather than their devolved authorities before the money has been drawn long-term viability.Wewant to see employment protected, down in England, as would be typical, in order to so may I ask him to fund business not just in ways that provide advance on the Barnett consequentials to all enable the maintenance of employment, but in ways devolved authorities in recognition of the circumstances that actively incentivise it? It is not the same thing. that everyone is grappling with, so that they can plan Block grants will not do it. May I also ask him, when he appropriately. I hope that will be welcomed. does that, to do more than just taking the route of Obviously, it would not be appropriate for me to sectoral support packages? If he takes that route, tens comment on specific interventions in any particular of thousands of small businesses will fall through the company, whether an airline or anything else, but I cracks. agree with the hon. Member that in general we are That, unfortunately,means an incredibly tailored system. interested in protecting people’s jobs. When I stand here The Chancellor will have to design rather intricate and talk about supporting businesses, I am keen to mechanisms to ensure that we pay people properly, support businesses because that is the best way to protect which may involve small claims courts, the insurance jobs, and ultimately that is the best way to protect business and British chambers of commerce and the people. like. I ask him to consider doing that, however. What he The hon. Member asked about cash grants. In thinking has done today is important in terms of maintaining about the scale of the grants and how significant they liquidity, but his main aim must be to maintain the might be, let us take the £10,000 grant available for viability of the British economy. anyone currently in receipt of small business rate relief. The typical rateable value on one of those properties Rishi Sunak: My right hon. Friend has made a good would be approximately £7,000. That is a good proxy point. I believe that providing liquidity now ensures for a year’s worth of rent. A £10,000 cash grant is sustainability for the future, but he is right to identify therefore reasonably significant in covering what is probably the further steps that are needed to provide support on a business’s biggest fixed cost. When we look at what fixed costs such as employment, and preserving and the average income of one of those smaller businesses incentivising that employment. This is work that we are might be, again we see that it will be significant. undertaking as a matter of urgency. The hon. Member talked about pubs and the leisure sector. Not only will there be a business rates holiday Rachel Reeves (Leeds West) (Lab): For those who are for the sector for the next 12 months, but for all businesses currently off work on statutory sick pay or are self-isolating in the sector, regardless of their rateable value, there will for public health reasons, who are laid off because there be a £25,000 cash grant for businesses up to £51,000. is no work or who are self-employed or low-paid, there The hon. Member asked about insurance. The statement is nothing at all in the Chancellor’s package of measures. is welcome on insurance. With regard to retrospectively The Chancellor says that these matters are under review. changing insurance policies, she rightly identified that As a matter of urgency, will he at least increase statutory that would most likely cause solvency issues with insurance sick pay to the level of the national living wage, and companies, so it is perhaps not the most appropriate come back to the House with a package of support that course of action, which is why we have several other ensures that workers will not be financially penalised measures for providing support directly to businesses in for doing the right thing, and will not be unable to pay those circumstances. She will probably be aware that their bills and rent and put food on the table? very few businesses actually have the requisite insurance in any case, so although the steps set out today are Rishi Sunak: We have put £1 billion into the welfare welcome, it is important that we think more broadly system to provide extra financial security for those about direct support. people, to speed up both access and the generosity of all I welcome the hon. Member’s question on maternity those benefits. pay, which I will discuss with my right hon. Friend the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions and reflect Harriett Baldwin (West Worcestershire) (Con): I thank on. With regard to renters, as I said in my earlier the Chancellor and his team for all that has been answer, my right hon. Friend the Secretary of State for announced today.I know that those in the retail hospitality Housing, Communities and Local Government will sector in my constituency will be very pleased to hear shortly announce further measures to protect renters. about it. The hon. Lady talked about other countries, and There is a sector of the retail market that is doing about fiscal responses and individual measures. Every incredibly well, and that is the supermarkets. Many of country is doing this slightly differently, but, broadly, my constituents are worried because they rely on home are trying to do the same things through different deliveries from supermarkets. Can the Chancellor update 943 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 944 us on what talks he and his colleagues are having with Rishi Sunak: I say to the right hon. Gentleman that it the supermarket industry about increasing capacity for is more important that we get this right than rush to home delivery? things that will not work, but he can rest assured that we agree wholeheartedly with the ambitions of what he Rishi Sunak: That is an excellent point. My right hon. says, but delivering them and getting it right are vital Friend the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and that is what we are working on doing. and Rural Affairs is engaged in urgent talks with supermarkets to ensure the security of our food supply George Freeman (Mid Norfolk) (Con): I congratulate and to improve accessibility, particularly for those who and thank the Chancellor on behalf of the people in may now be at home. Mid Norfolk for a coherent and comprehensive package, in particular the support on rates and mortgages. In my Jess Phillips (Birmingham, Yardley) (Lab): I simply rural and quite fragile economy, it is the pubs, the high want to ask the Chancellor whether he could live on streets, the small businesses, tourism and farming, and £94.25 per week. It is a simple question: has he ever food processing that are the backbone of the economy. lived on that, and could he live on that, because that is May I press him on the insurance point? The policies what most of my constituents are currently having to of many of my local employers simply do not cover live on? liability for epidemics. Would it not be sensible to look Rishi Sunak: We believe in a strong safety net during at reinforcing the insurance industry, which has the a short period so that people can get through this, wherewithal to deliver the support, so that those that which is why we have strengthened that safety net with have made money in the good years can help companies £1 billion of extra investment to increase generosity and that really need it in tough times? accessibility. Rishi Sunak: I appreciate the point my hon. Friend is Sir Iain Duncan Smith (Chingford and Woodford making. The steps today on insurance are welcome, but Green) (Con): I commend my right hon. Friend the he is right to identify that retrospectively changing the Chancellor for his bold measures today, which will situation that insurers would have reserved against could encourage many small businesses to believe that the have a very significant impact on their solvency, which Government are on their side. There is more to do, I would send a ripple effect throughout the insurance know. Can I also encourage him, though, in his statement market. That is not something that any of us would to come, on further employment measures to bear it in want to see. mind that the most important thing we can do is to do everything we can to keep people in employment? That Ms Angela Eagle (Wallasey) (Lab): The Chancellor will help to deliver growth. must surely recognise that those on statutory sick pay One area I want to raise with my right hon. Friend, are being asked to protect the rest of us, but take only which has not really been touched on, although I think £96 a week in income and live on that, and that those on the shadow Chancellor raised it, is the voluntary sector. universal credit, if they can access the system at all, will The Centre for Social Justice has done some quick work be asked to live on £74 a week. Millions of people are on this and come to the conclusion that the smallest simply not eligible for either of those deeply flawed elements of the voluntary sector, which have no reserves, structures. He has to do something fast. He has to do it are going to lose about £400 million during this next quickly. Instead of talking about the £1 billion he has few months, and they are going to be the ones that are already put in, will he now realise that he has to move called upon most for support in the community for fast to reassure people that if they do the right thing those who suffer. Can I please ask him to look at this they will not suffer and that they will be able to put food very carefully and see what we can do to give them that on the table and maintain their housing and their cash aid? children’s meals?

Rishi Sunak: My right hon. Friend knows better than Rishi Sunak: We have provided half a billion pounds most the value of making sure that people have the specifically to local authorities to provide extra support, security of a good job, and I commend him for all his particularly to help people with housing costs, notably work in that regard. I agree with him wholeheartedly. council tax. That will make an enormous difference to My right hon. Friend the Communities Secretary is people on the ground. talking already to the voluntary sector and we stand ready to provide the support that may be required. Mark Eastwood (Dewsbury) (Con): Many mortgage Edward Miliband (Doncaster North) (Lab): I recognise, payers in my constituency will welcome the three-month as I am sure the whole House does, the Chancellor’s holiday announced today. However, can the Chancellor wish to get any employment support scheme right, but confirm whether this will be implemented automatically he will recognise, as the shadow Chancellor said from by the banks and mortgage lenders, or will borrowers the Front Bench, that people are facing redundancy need to apply? right now. May I suggest two things that he can say tonight to help ward off those redundancies? The first is Rishi Sunak: Borrowers can speak to their mortgage that he accepts the principle that Government should provider and, owing to the work of my right hon. cover a substantial proportion of people’s wages, because Friend today, they should receive a three-month mortgage it is in their interests and those of the economy and holiday, depending on their circumstance as explained, their businesses. The second is that he undertakes to but it should be reasonably automatic thereafter. come back not next week but by Friday of this week with a clear plan developed with unions and businesses. Several hon. Members rose— 945 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 946

Mr Speaker: Order. I am expecting to run this to Rishi Sunak: I can confirm to my hon. Friend that the around 9 o’clock. loans available already will be available to those who are self-employed and that many of them, those who do Sir Edward Davey (Kingston and Surbiton) (LD): have small properties, will benefit from the business rate Our economy is suffering a heart attack, one deeper and reliefs and grants too. bigger than in 2008, so the Chancellor has a serious responsibility and he deserves constructive engagement Sammy Wilson (East Antrim) (DUP): My party also from everyone in this House, including my party. His wishes to work with the Government on ensuring that main task is to ensure that there is confidence among we get through this crisis as easily as we can. Redundancies the business community and the British people. I have are already starting across a range of industries in to tell him that although he has made a good start, this Northern Ireland. It is important that if the Chancellor is still very much a work in progress. His package for the is coming with the next step, it addresses the issue of business sector was large, but may I urge him to say far how we keep people in employment and how firms are more about the loan terms he is putting forward? Many supported. I understand that he wants to get this right, small businesses will be very worried about taking on but he also has to get it done. this debt. May I also urge him to go much faster to give confidence to the ordinary people who are suffering in Rishi Sunak: I can tell the right hon. Gentleman that our constituencies? we will get it done, we will do it at pace and we very much agree that it is important to protect people’s jobs. Rishi Sunak: I thank the right hon. Gentleman for his That is the security we want to provide. constructive attitude, and I look forward to working with him. The loan terms will be interest-free for six Rehman Chishti (Gillingham and Rainham) (Con): I months. Because of the liquidity that has been provided very much welcome the Chancellor’s statement and all by the Bank of England, they will be incredibly cheap, that the Government are doing to support individuals and they will be available on a rolling basis for commercial and businesses in my constituency. I have a specific paper, so they will be loans that are accessible and very point for him that has been raised with me by the valuable to businesses. They will be ready from next chairman of Gillingham football club. They are in week. league 1, but this also covers clubs in league 2. A lot of the matches for those clubs have been postponed. They John Redwood (Wokingham) (Con): I am delighted rely on matchday income to support them. What will be that the Chancellor recognises the need for burden-sharing done to work with those smaller football clubs and on employment costs in badly affected sectors such as organisations to ensure that their Her Majesty’s Customs tourism, travel and hospitality, but will he also make and Revenue payments are dealt with adequately and sure that there is a package for the self-employed, that they are given soft loans over a certain period to because some of those people are losing a large amount ensure that they can get through these challenging, of their business, too? difficult circumstances?

Rishi Sunak: My right hon. Friend has written about Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend’s football club, like the importance of employment support, and I look many others, will be eligible for the business rates relief forward to getting his thoughts on those measures. measures and grants that I have announced today. On HMRC, we activated Time to Pay last week, and there Ms Karen Buck (Westminster North) (Lab): Half of are now 2,000 specific, dedicated HMRC officers ready my constituents rent privately—that is the highest to take the calls of businesses such as Gillingham proportion in the country. A quarter of all Londoners football club, in order to provide exactly what he suggested: rent privately, and 13 million people across the country a deferral for their tax payments and an agreed schedule rent privately, with a third having no savings whatsoever. for paying them back. Will the Chancellor assure me that when we have the statement from the Housing Minister, there will, in Mr Kevan Jones (North Durham) (Lab): Yesterday, addition to any legislative change to protect renters, be the Government announced measures for the hospitality money on the table to help people on low incomes and industry.Businesses are laying off people today,throughout in insecure employment to pay their rent, so that this the country and certainly in County Durham, where I crisis does not mean that they also get into debt and risk have spoken to businesses this afternoon. It is clear that losing their homes? the Chancellor does not have a clue how ordinary people live. They do not have access to savings and they Rishi Sunak: We very much recognise that rent is a do not have access to trust funds or independent wealth; significant portion of most household bills, which is they rely on what comes in each week. I urge him very why the Housing Secretary will shortly be outlining strongly either to ensure that benefits are paid from day measures in this regard. one, or to bring in some system that allows the Government to subsidise wages directly for some small businesses. Paul Holmes (Eastleigh) (Con): The measures announced by the Chancellor should be welcomed, but many of my Rishi Sunak: It is because we care deeply about the constituents who are self-employed are worried because financial security of all people that we want to work their cash flow has stopped now. When can we expect hardest to protect their jobs. That is the way to help further announcements on how we are going to help working people in this country. We have strengthened these people? Will he consider extending the loans he the welfare system, and the measures that we have taken has made available to businesses to cover this category today will increase the likelihood that we can preserve of people? those jobs. We know that there is more to do. 947 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 948

Henry Smith (Crawley) (Con): I very much welcome Robert Courts (Witney) (Con): I warmly welcome the package of measures that the Chancellor announced the package that has been announced today, but my this evening, but when does he expect to be able to give constituency is home to one of the largest concentrations some more detail on support for the aviation industry? of self-employed people in the country.Will the Chancellor Virgin Atlantic, easyJet, British Airways and Gatwick please commit to looking at what further help might be airport in my constituency are suffering deeply. given for them? Will he also please look at A2 properties, which do not currently receive business rates relief, and Rishi Sunak: I know that my hon. Friend knows see whether some of those businesses—such as estate those businesses well. He should rest assured that we agents on the high streets—can be helped? are already in contact with them, through both the Treasury and the Department for Transport. As I said, Rishi Sunak: I know that my hon. Friend is a champion we will work with them as quickly as possible to put in of the self-employed. Some of the measures announced place what measures are necessary. last week at the Budget will benefit them, as will, indeed, some of the loan and other grant measures announced Brendan O’Hara (Argyll and Bute) (SNP): This today, depending on their circumstances, but my hon. afternoon, Lochfyne Langoustines, which employs Friend is right and we will of course keep an eye on that 20 people in the village of Tarbert, told me that it did issue as we develop these packages. not have a single UK or export sale today. Soon, the company’s boats will be tied up, processers will be laid off, and the business could close. The far east markets Mr Pat McFadden (Wolverhampton South East) (Lab): are beginning to reopen and there is a glimmer of hope, The difference with this crisis is the profound effect it so will the UK Government work with the Scottish is having on human behaviour. The Chancellor has Government to help to arrange cargo flights to get into acknowledged that the big missing piece from the package the reopening markets as soon as possible? announced tonight is direct financial support for workers who are laid off as a result of the advice that the Rishi Sunak: I am happy to ask my right hon. Friends Government have given to the country, so will he commit the Secretary of State for International Trade and the now—in principle if he cannot give the number—to Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural bringing forward a package of support for a significant Affairs to have a look at that. proportion of the wages of those who have been laid off as a result of this crisis? Alun Cairns (Vale of Glamorgan) (Con): I pay tribute to my right hon. Friend for the scale of the package that Rishi Sunak: I have already committed to that urgent he has announced, and I recognise the significance of piece of work that we are undertaking. We have already the Barnett consequentials that will come from it. Does improved the financial security available to people who he agree that simplicity and commonality are key features? find themselves either ill or off work, as a result of the It was only late yesterday that the Welsh Government £1 billion invested last week in these measures. matched the business rate package, which left— [Interruption.] It left many businesspeople in my Mrs Natalie Elphicke (Dover) (Con): At a time of constituency anxious before the support was made available. national emergency and national need, Dover once Does my right hon. Friend recognise that commonality again stands ready to do its duty. The Port of Dover, the will be an important theme? hauliers and the ferry companies will be moving the goods, medicines and resources that are needed to keep Rishi Sunak: My right hon. Friend makes an excellent our country safe and fed. Will my right hon. Friend point: a simple, common message across our Union assure the House that the port, transport, ferry companies, would make an enormous difference to people everywhere. Border Force and all the hard-working local workers in my constituency will be given the necessary financial Stephen Doughty (Cardiff South and Penarth) (Lab/ and practical assistance so that they can do their duty Co-op): I am disappointed to hear the tone from the for our country? right hon. Member for Vale of Glamorgan (Alun Cairns). I do not doubt what the Chancellor and the Chief Secretary have said about the devolved Administrations Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend is absolutely right to and what they are trying to do to give them information, highlight the vital importance of our ports, particularly but I must tell the Chancellor that it is not coherent and Dover. They are conduits for trade and everything it is not working. He knows that getting cash to the else that our country needs at this critical time, and, frontline—to businesses and individuals—is absolutely of course, we stand ready to listen and hear what they mission-critical and time-critical at the moment, so will need. he work with the Administrations so that they can make future announcements together, so that businesses are Chi Onwurah (Newcastle upon Tyne Central) (Lab): not confused, people are not scared and we do not have Last night, a constituent in the hospitality trade contacted further chaos? That has not happened today. The Welsh me to express concern at the Prime Minister’s measures Finance Minister has made it clear that she would do and to ask what could be done about them. Today, she that,buttheWelshGovernmentdidnothavetheinformation. emailed me to say that she had been made redundant Can we sort that out please, as a matter of urgency? and to ask how she could pay her rent. The Chancellor does not seem to grasp the scale of the fear,the uncertainty Rishi Sunak: I thank the hon. Member for his comments. and the desperation in the country now.Will he guarantee As I said, the Chief Secretary will talk with all his to me now that every renter will have the means to pay counterparts in the devolved Administrations to ensure their rent, and every small business the means to pay as co-ordinated an approach as we can achieve. their staff? 949 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 950

Rishi Sunak: It is because of what was announced rightly working on, I hope, as fast as possible and the yesterday and the particular impact on the hospitality welfare support that is simply not adequate for the huge sector that today we have announced a series of steps of numbers of people who are going to be urgently losing considerable support for that sector. As I have already their jobs and who will be terrified of losing their said, when it comes to renting, the Secretary of State for homes as well? Housing, Communities and Local Government will shortly be announcing measures to protect renters in Rishi Sunak: We have strengthened the security and these circumstances, and we have strengthened the safety the safety net for those in that situation, but the right net, the security, for people to fall back on. hon. Lady is right that we are urgently working on measures to do more. Sir John Hayes (South Holland and The Deepings) Aaron Bell (Newcastle-under-Lyme) (Con): I asked (Con): In amplifying the point made by my right hon. for more firepower at half-past 4 this afternoon, and it Friend the Member for Chingford and Woodford Green is fair to say that the Chancellor has delivered. However, (Sir Iain Duncan Smith), will the Chancellor specifically a number of businesses whose entire model has been say whether the charitable sector will be eligible for undermined, such as village pubs and restaurants, are both the rate holiday and the grant funding? It is critical facing a very uncertain year. On that note, may I ask that we help those whose aim, purpose and mission is to him what he proposes that they should do? Does he help others. welcome the announcement by my right hon. Friend the Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Rishi Sunak: Most charities are already eligible for Local Government that such businesses can now operate 80% charitable rate relief, but they will benefit from the as takeaways, which will help to solve some of the new enhanced retail rate relief at 100%. problems of self-isolation as well? Catherine McKinnell (Newcastle upon Tyne North) Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend makes an excellent point (Lab): The Chancellor has talked about courage, but I about the Secretary of State for Housing, Communities will tell him what takes courage: fighting this pandemic and Local Government and what he has done. I think on the frontline without adequate protective clothing. that it will make an enormous difference, as will the Will he commit right now to doing whatever it takes to cash support that we have provided today to pubs and ensure that every single frontline healthcare worker has restaurants in his constituency and elsewhere across the the protective clothing they need if they are working country. exposed to this virus? Liz Saville Roberts (Dwyfor Meirionnydd) (PC): This Rishi Sunak: My right hon. Friend the Health Secretary is a welcome step in the right direction—there is much is working around the clock to support our healthcare to welcome in the Chancellor’s announcement—but the workers to have everything they need to do the vital job family reliant on a zero-hours-contract hospitality worker’s that they are doing for us. They will get whatever salary or the self-employed tradesman whose cash flow support that they require. has dried up want to know how this money will reach their bank account. What prevents the Chancellor from Mr Mark Harper (Forest of Dean) (Con): I welcome introducing a coronavirus universal basic income in his the scale of what the Chancellor has announced. It is up package of new measures which, in itself, would give to the mark. Some of his specific measures will be confidence to thousands of Welsh workers and beyond? welcomed by constituents who have contacted me, but Rishi Sunak: We have already taken steps to strengthen may I press him a little on the employment support the safety net that the right hon. Lady has mentioned in package? I recognise the importance of coming up with particular. They will be eligible for those enhanced a package that is deliverable, but I fear that if he is packages, and beyond that, we are looking to do more, unable to say anything more urgently, he needs to give as she knows, in the employment support field. businesses the confidence to keep those employees employed, because some of them will be facing massive Tim Loughton (East Worthing and Shoreham) (Con): reductions in cash flow immediately. Will he look at These measures are indeed bold, and will provide practical what he can say quicker than next week to give them the support. I particularly look forward to further information confidence that they will be supported in due course? about renters and measures for the childcare and nursery sector, which was generally omitted from the Budget Rishi Sunak: I very much appreciate the strains that last week and is in a fragile state. The hospitality business cash flows are under, which is why, today, we industry, which the Chancellor rightly singled out—it is have already taken steps with the announcement of new our third largest industry—is laying off people, and the cash grants of £10,000, £25,000 and an extension of the number of customers has absolutely collapsed. I am business rate holiday to thousands more businesses. told that they are approaching banks and being told, “We may be able to get something for you in April.” Yvette Cooper (Normanton, Pontefract and Castleford) Can he instil a sense of urgency in the banks and make (Lab): The health action that is being put in place is sure that the grants from central Government are immediate essential to save lives, but does the Chancellor accept so that people do not have to wait for them, which could that that also means that some of the jobs that are make the difference to their being there in a few weeks’ going this week and the redundancies that are being time or not? made will not come back in a hurry, because many hospitality, leisure and tourism jobs simply cannot be Rishi Sunak: I can tell my hon. Friend that the grant done at a social distance? Does he accept that there is a schemes are being delivered in the coming weeks.Businesses gap between the employment support package that he is will receive a letter from local authorities. My right hon. 951 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 952

Friend the Secretary of State for Housing, Communities Rishi Sunak: Many of the workers in the gig economy and Local Government is doing that work at pace. With will benefit from statutory sick pay, depending on their regard to the loan schemes, that will not take until exact contractual relationship with their employers, but April—they will be ready to access for business from the the measures that we undertook last week in the Budget start of next week. will provide direct support to those people.

Beth Winter (Cynon Valley) (Lab): The Chancellor Catherine West (Hornsey and Wood Green) (Lab): says that we have to do whatever it takes, and I completely What contingency will be put aside by the Treasury to agree with him, but that must apply to everyone in the assist in recruiting more social care workers, who are UK. I cannot believe that every step of the way we, the desperately needed to look after people in their homes fifth richest nation in the world, have to battle for as they fall ill? the poorest and those who are struggling the most in our communities, including in my constituency—homeless Rishi Sunak: As I reiterated last week, we will provide people, those who do not qualify for statutory sick pay, whatever is required to public services. My right hon. private renters and families on low incomes. When will Friend the Health Secretary is working with the Local we stop debating and start the action that is desperately Government Secretary to understand exactly what is needed? required in social care.

Rishi Sunak: I refer the hon. Lady to the measures in Huw Merriman (Bexhill and Battle) (Con): I welcome the Budget last week, particularly on homelessness and the package that the Chancellor has laid out and all the rough sleeping. We announced £640 million to build work that he has been doing. He said that he will look at 6,000 more units and to provide support for substance other things over the coming days. May I please ask him abuse support services, once people are off the streets, to consider pre-schools and nurseries? They pay business to help them tackle their long-term addictions. That rates, so will not receive the £10,000, but they are not money will make an enormous difference and build on within the category of hospitality, retail and leisure. the good work of the Secretary of State for Housing, Mine have been in to see me today and they are very Communities and Local Government. worried. It would be awful for the very people that rely on them—the parents. Will my right hon. Friend consider Greg Clark (Tunbridge Wells) (Con): It was not possible that ask? for ordinary businesses and working people to anticipate the scale of the most severe public health crisis for Rishi Sunak: I thank my hon. Friend for his comments 100 years, so does the Chancellor accept that for many and am happy to look at what he is saying. businesses the nation has to act, not so much as a lender of last resort, but as a collective insurer of last resort, Meg Hillier (Hackney South and Shoreditch) (Lab/ meeting their unmet operating costs if they are to keep Co-op): Many of my constituents are freelancers. One people employed and inoculate against economic contagion? wrote to me unable to pay his rent or bills in the next couple of weeks. That is how urgent the situation is. Rishi Sunak: My right hon. Friend is right to highlight Can the Chancellor give any comfort tonight for people the need to provide support for businesses with their who are very worried? They have been laid off today, fixed costs, rather than their variable ones. That is what have no ability to pay the bills and their freelance work we need to help bridge through—the cash grants today has dried up. We are told that we have to wait for an related to rateable value, with reference directly to rent answer from the Housing, Communities and Local payments—but he is right that other fixed costs are Government Secretary. The Government have known people, which is why we are working up measures in that this was coming. Where is the planning? What that area. answer does the Chancellor have now?

Nick Smith (Blaenau Gwent) (Lab): The measures in Rishi Sunak: For those people, the measures that we the Red Book are nowhere near enough. For families in took last week will already start to help from day one. need, can statutory sick payments be available from day The Work and Pensions Secretary has already put in one, for all workers when they are sick, and can it be set place support to make sure that access to the security at the level of the national minimum wage? that they need is both faster and more generous than it was. Rishi Sunak: As a result of the actions of my right hon. Friend the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions, Caroline Nokes (Romsey and Southampton North) SSP is available for those who are eligible for it from day (Con): The events industry is not only highly seasonal one. Regulations are being laid to that effect, and but full of people working on a self-employed basis. employment and support allowance will also be available Given that this season has pretty much been wiped out, from day one, rather than day eight. what reassurance can my right hon. Friend give the industry that he is looking to its needs? Damian Green (Ashford) (Con): The measures announced by my right hon. Friend are extremely welcome, Rishi Sunak: I am happy to look specifically at the and he should be congratulated on them. For many issue that my right hon. Friend has raised, but the people, including freelancers and those working in the measures that we took last week will provide immediate gig economy, the most vital thing over the next few weeks support to many of her constituents in that situation. will be some kind of guarantee of continuing income, so they can know that they can continue to pay their Alan Brown (Kilmarnock and Loudoun) (SNP): I bills. Will those measures and the ones that he says are was contacted today by a constituent who is self-isolating to come over the next few days guarantee that vital help? and has underlying health conditions. She was trying to 953 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 954

[Alan Brown] Kingdom from Governments, but it is also important that we have a common approach from banks. The get a food delivery, which she vitally needs. Tesco could Chancellor has referenced the banks in relation to his only do it within 10 days, while other suppliers would loan and grant schemes, but many businesses have take three weeks. There is clearly a massive issue, probably existing loan arrangements with the banks. What a combination of stock levels and delivery logistics. confirmation does he have from the banks that they will Will the Chancellor do whatever it takes to work with not seek to change those arrangements or to take advantage the supermarkets and logistics companies? There are of the situation where people may be able to get opportunities to get other people into short-term Government money to repay those loans? employment if this is done right and quickly, so that people get the supplies that they need. Rishi Sunak: I can tell my right hon. Friend that we have had extensive discussions with the banks just this Rishi Sunak: The hon. Gentleman is right that the week, and they have outlined their forbearance measures. security of our food supply and deliveries is critical. My I very much expect them to honour those commitments. right hon. Friend the Environment Secretary is already He is absolutely right with his point that we will get having those conversations and has already taken steps through this as one United Kingdom. on delivery curfews to ensure that deliveries can continue and to maintain the security of those supply chains. Zarah Sultana (Coventry South) (Lab): Today the Government have announced a mortgage holiday for Steve Brine (Winchester) (Con): Today is a very good homeowners, and that is welcome, but they have made part 1; the Chancellor would be the first to admit that it the political choice not to give a rent suspension to is part 1—he obviously has a lot of other ongoing millions of tenants. The average rent is £220 a week. workstreams. I do not know what he has done with the Statutory sick pay is £94.25 a week. Before people are mortgage lenders, but so many of my constituents and forced on to the streets because this virus will stop them people across the country will be incredibly pleased from working, I, like many other Members in this about the three-month holiday. House, call on the Government to follow the example of The second biggest outgoing for thousands of my other countries and suspend rents and ban evictions constituents is probably their train season tickets. Right today. now, they are paying for a service that they are not getting—some would argue that they have been barely Rishi Sunak: The hon. Lady talks about other countries. getting it for a long time. They are currently paying for a If she looks at the overall scale of the fiscal interventions service they are not getting at all and are not able to use that we have outlined last week and this week, she will at all. Will my right hon. Friend use whatever influence see they are more significant than almost every other he did with the mortgage lenders to lean on the train country. companies to show some humanity to their customers right now? Frankly, those companies are not in their Sarah Atherton (Wrexham) (Con): The Welsh Labour customers’ best books already. Government stand to gain £1.6 billion as a consequence of coronavirus. Will my right hon. Friend comment Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend is always a champion of on how the UK Government can encourage the Welsh his commuting constituents. I am happy to have that Labour Government to spend that money timely and conversation with the Transport Secretary to see what appropriately, because business and people need help we can do to encourage companies—whether mortgage now? companies or others—to help people through this difficult time. Rishi Sunak: As I said before, we will get through this as one United Kingdom. We have provided Barnett Stephen Timms (East Ham) (Lab): For somebody consequentials early and in advance to devolved authorities, who is self-employed, self-isolation will often mean and I very much hope that we can take a joint approach giving up their income. The advice is to claim benefit, to supporting businesses, public services and individuals but all someone gets with universal credit in the first through this difficult time. five weeks, as has been pointed out, is a loan. People are not going to give up their incomes for that. Will the Chancellor replace those advances with non-repayable Clive Efford (Eltham) (Lab): The notes that have been grants for those who lose their income because of this handed out from the Vote Office tonight say “Statement crisis? to the Press”, not to the House of Commons. I do not think there is any difference between what the Chancellor Rishi Sunak: Depending on the particular circumstances has said to the House and what was said to the press of the person who is self-employed, they may well earlier on, and that should not happen again. qualify for ESA, which is also available from day one Are businesses that are strapped for cash flow likely now, rather than day eight. to take out a loan rather than lay staff off? Is it not assistance with paying wages that they do not have to David Mundell (Dumfriesshire, Clydesdale and pay back later that those businesses need? They do not Tweeddale) (Con): I was very pleased this evening when need more debt from the Government; they need help Nicola Sturgeon confirmed to me promptly that every with paying wages. penny of the likely £1.9 billion that the Scottish Government will receive as a result of today’s announcement will go Rishi Sunak: As we have already outlined, in addition directly to businesses and individuals. It is very important to the extensive loan guarantee scheme, we have also that we have that common approach across the United announced significant cash grants to business to provide 955 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 956 immediate cash flow relief to them. With regard to Chris Elmore (Ogmore) (Lab): Following the previous employment support, as I have said, that is our next question, I want to press the Chancellor on sole traders. urgent priority. There are measures on taxation that he could introduce quickly to support sole traders. Many in my constituency Andrew Griffith (Arundel and South Downs) (Con): are very worried that they will not benefit from any of Difficult times require bold measures, and I commend the Chancellor’s proposals laid out last week or today. my right hon. Friend for twice in the space of a week Will the Chancellor look at that specific area with coming to this House and demonstrating that he will do Treasury officials, the devolved Governments and anybody whatever it takes. I support the comments on employment else who could support sole traders? support, but may I ask him also to extend hospitality and leisure benefits to the equally hard-pressed exhibition Rishi Sunak: I am happy to hear those suggestions sector? from the hon. Gentleman. He will have noted the comments made by the Chief Secretary earlier in relation to IR35, Rishi Sunak: I thank my hon. Friend for his support. and HMRC has activated its time to pay service, but if With regard to the exhibition sector, those that have he sends me the details, I will happily look at that. physical properties and business rates will be eligible for Richard Drax (South Dorset) (Con): I commend my the scheme that we announced today and the cash hon. Friend for this raft of packages, although Members grant. I am happy to have further conversations with on both sides of the House clearly feel that there is still him as well. a lot more to do. I shudder at the administrative task ahead of him to ensure that all this money gets to the Sam Tarry (Ilford South) (Lab): The RSA recently right people at the right time. Should we not bring back pointed out that 32% of workers in this country live on the small bank branches that have closed over the years, less than £500 a month in terms of savings, and 41% particularly in rural communities that simply do not have less than £1,000 in the bank. That means there have access to them? could be as many as 20 million people living from one pay cheque to the next. From what I have heard tonight, Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend is right to highlight the renters, freelancers, gig economy workers and zero-hours importance of rural communities. My right hon. Friend contract workers will not be feeling reassured. Will the the Economic Secretary to the Treasury has done a Chancellor be able to look them in the eye and tell them sterling job of preserving access to cash for those honestly that he has truly done enough, or are they communities, and we have said that we will legislate to going to be collateral damage on the scrapheap, like so do more, but in the short term, we will keep that under many with the Government’s already failing strategy review. over herd immunity? Stuart C. McDonald (Cumbernauld, Kilsyth and Rishi Sunak: We already took extensive measures last Kirkintilloch East) (SNP): May I ask the Chancellor week to strengthen our safety net for vulnerable people. again whether he will work with the Home Office to I firmly believe that the best way to help all people revisit its rules on no recourse to public funds? If it does through this is to protect their jobs, and that is why the not revisit those rules, thousands of the most vulnerable actions we have taken today to support business cash people in this country will not have access even to the flows provide the best means of doing exactly that. most basic support to see them through this crisis.

Steve Double (St Austell and Newquay) (Con): I Rishi Sunak: My right hon. Friend the Chief Secretary warmly welcome the bold and decisive steps that the is talking to all Departments about the resources that Chancellor has taken today, which will be welcomed by they require to get through these challenging few months. many businesses in mid-Cornwall, particularly those in the hospitality sector. Kevin Hollinrake (Thirsk and Malton) (Con): I warmly welcome this package of support for small businesses, I want to raise something that many Members have which has been warmly welcomed by a number of already raised—the self-employed and small businesses businesspeople who have already contacted me. The that do not own premises and therefore will not benefit business interruption loan scheme is a key part of this, from the measures on business rates and grants. Many but some lenders cannot access that scheme because people such as taxi drivers, window cleaners, electricians they are not registered with the British Business Bank, and plumbers have overheads that are not rent, because and it would take months for them to do so. Will the they are keeping vehicles on the roads. Will he urgently Chancellor act now to ensure that all lenders can access look at what he can do to get cash to those people, so that scheme? that they can keep their businesses going? Rishi Sunak: I thank my hon. Friend for his comments. Rishi Sunak: I am happy to look at all the measures He is right: we want this scheme to be available through that my hon. Friend suggested. The steps we took last as many branches and outlets as possible. We are urgently week will provide immediate support for those people, working with the Prudential Regulation Authority to and the further measures that are coming will provide a see whether we can onboard new providers at pace. He degree of relief for those who have property and small will understand that there are regulatory requirements, businesses. Of course, they will be able to access the but we are seeing what we can do to speed that up. loans that we have talked about, but he is right to highlight the importance of those who are self-employed. Lilian Greenwood (Nottingham South) (Lab): I welcome They deserve our support, and indeed, last week and the increase in the small business grant to £10,000, and I this week they are getting it. understand that those grants will be distributed by local 957 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 958

[Lilian Greenwood] small businesses, the self-employed and those on zero-hours contracts who form the backbone of coastal constituencies authorities. What assessment has the Chancellor made such as mine. The measures announced today do not of the capacity of local councils to deliver that help, address their concerns. They struggle with high rents and when will businesses actually receive the money? and high bills, and my friends have lost their jobs today. Today, the grafters should have been a priority. When Rishi Sunak: As a former local government Minister, will they be? I have amazing faith in the capacity of our local authorities to deliver for us in this regard. They are being provided Rishi Sunak: The package of measures today does with extra resources to help deal with the administration specifically provide cash support to those in that sector of this money, and my right hon. Friend the Communities to help with things like rent, but I make no apology for Secretary is already working at pace to ensure that the our being led by the public health response. This is first rebilling and processing of these grants happens in a and foremost a public health emergency, and we will be matter of days and weeks. led by responding to that. Of course, the economy is foremost in our minds, and I will always respond quickly Stephen Hammond (Wimbledon) (Con): I warmly and rapidly to any changes in the public health advice. commend my right hon. Friend for this package. The support for the retail, hospitality and leisure sectors is Mr John Baron (Basildon and Billericay) (Con): I welcome, but he could make it even more effective if he commend the Chancellor for this package of measures extended the same package to those who are in the as far as they go, and we understand that it is a moving supply chain of those industries and the businesses that narrative, but I particularly urge him to focus on the disproportionately supply customers for those industries, importance of cash flow when it comes to smaller such as English language schools. businesses and the self-employed. However, can I raise with him a group of people who so far have not been Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend makes an interesting mentioned, which is the elderly and the vulnerable who point, and that is why all Secretaries of State have been live alone? There is a real risk in a situation such as this tasked by me to engage with their affected industries to that they get inadvertently overlooked, and we need to see whether there are further specific measures of support reach out to them. Would the Chancellor consider that are worth our exploring. providing appropriate support for local authorities to do just that—to identify them, locate them and make Naz Shah (Bradford West) (Lab): I welcome the contact, because no one should be left behind? Chancellor’s measures for small businesses, and especially Rishi Sunak: I can tell my hon. Friend that he is in my constituency lots of people have been in touch absolutely right, and the Communities and Local with us about them, but they will only be effective if Government Secretary has already been engaging on they are timely, so when will the cash grants be available this particular issue, working together with the Health to small businesses in real terms? Will he also consider Secretary with regard to social care, to make sure that, the idea that, when landlords get mortgage breaks, they in our local communities, we can identify and protect pass them on to their renters, and how will we ensure the elderly and most vulnerable, and make sure that that actually happens? they get the support that they need. Rishi Sunak: On the processing of the cash grants, as Wendy Chamberlain (North East Fife) (LD): A I have said, my right hon. Friend the Communities constituent of mine in the Howe of Fife, who is self- Secretary is working on this at pace. It will require local employed, has contacted me today because she is worried authorities to write to the recipients of small business about her future employment and how she will pay her rate relief to collect their bank details, which they do mortgage and support her family. Although I welcome not hold centrally, so that they can then provide the the Chancellor’s moves in relation to mortgages, the cash payment, but I can assure the hon. Member that fact is that mortgage products often have payment that work is happening at pace. holidays as part of them. Given that these are the first steps, may I ask the Chancellor, first, is this going to be MarkPawsey(Rugby)(Con):Businessesinthehospitality for people who are directly impacted by coronavirus, or sector will appreciate the relief the Chancellor has given is it potentially for people who are self-isolating as they on business rates and the cash grants, but can I raise the are at risk of getting an infection; and secondly, is he question of suppliers to the sector, many of which have considering other measures to support my constituent, seen their sales fall off a cliff? In particular, there are such as statutory sick pay for the self-employed or, those with short-dated products, such as Wood Farm indeed, council tax relief? micro-brewery in my constituency, which produces an excellent product but has £20,000 of short-dated stock Rishi Sunak: I say to the hon. Lady that I think the with four weeks’ life left on it, and stands to bear a measures today on mortgage forbearance are significant pretty substantial loss as a consequence. Is there something and welcome, and banks will show flexibility in providing that can be done to support businesses such as these? that. In regard to council tax support, we did provide £500 million of hardship funding to local authorities Rishi Sunak: I thank my hon. Friend for raising that specifically to use and deploy through their local council particular case, and I am happy to have a look at it. tax or support systems that already exist to provide extra support to people with their council tax bills. Mrs Emma Lewell-Buck (South Shields) (Lab): The Prime Minister’s public health advice to avoid pubs, Martin Vickers (Cleethorpes) (Con): I welcome the restaurants and theatres was not coupled with immediate Chancellor’s package, but he will recognise that many economic protections, causing panic and upset for the of our constituents remain anxious and we look forward 959 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 960 to further measures. He rightly mentioned the aviation resilience funding for communities that are repeatedly sector, which could lose many thousands of jobs. At a flooded and £5.2 billion, which represents a doubling of more local level, bus and coach operators will suffer as the amount that we spend every year to build new flood a result of people staying home. They provide a vital defences. That will protect 300,000 people and it comes service to get NHS workers, for example, to and from on top of the work by the Secretary of State for Housing, work. Could he have a word with his colleague in the Communities and Local Government in activating the Department for Transport and ensure that bus operators Bellwin scheme and providing immediate relief for are looked after? communities that have been impacted by local flooding.

Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend makes a good point Jason McCartney (Colne Valley) (Con): I welcome and I will certainly take that up with the Transport the Chancellor’s pledge to do whatever it takes to support Secretary. businesses, families and individuals, but when will we get the details of support for renters, for the self-employed Mike Amesbury (Weaver Vale) (Lab): If Denmark and for freelancers, and when will businesses that are can step in and offer 70% subsidies as a transitional losing customers day by day get those cash grants in arrangement, why can’t the Chancellor? Step up. Step up! their bank accounts, so that they can pay their staff, keep them employed and pay their rents? Rishi Sunak: I have already mentioned looking at the Denmark scheme and indeed the German scheme. The Rishi Sunak: Measures to help those who are self- point is what we are able to deliver at pace. Other employed and in the gig economy are already taking countries have had schemes in place beforehand, which effect as a result of the measures taken last week. The makes it easier for them to do things, and we need to Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local work with what we have got. But the principle of Government is working at pace to deliver these cash providing support is one that I fully acknowledge, which grants to businesses in the coming days and weeks. is why we are working on that at pace. Again, when considering individual measures, it is worth looking at David Linden (Glasgow East) (SNP): Sole traders in fiscal interventions between this week and last week in my constituency work as driving instructors and personal the round, which, in the context of any global response, trainers. They are watching their bookings evaporate are extremely significant. before their eyes. What support is the Chancellor providing for sole traders? Bob Seely (Isle of Wight) (Con): I welcome the Chancellor’s statement and have two questions. First, Rishi Sunak: Again, the measures that we took last charities and social enterprises, such as Age UK on the week to strengthen our security net will benefit those Isle of Wight and the West Wight Sports and Community who are self-employed and sole traders. Those with Centre, face significant income cuts and I fear that rate properties that qualify for business rate relief will benefit relief will not be enough. Can more be done to support from that and cash grants will also flow to those people. social enterprises? Secondly, my chamber of commerce is concerned about the ability of small businesses, especially Felicity Buchan (Kensington) (Con): This morning in tourism businesses, to access the grants and it fears that the Treasury Committee, we asked the Chancellor to “businesses will be closing, and on mass, before money becomes throw the kitchen sink at the economy and I thank him available”. because he has certainly done that. However, small So can we act as swiftly, quickly and generously as businesses in my constituency of Kensington have an possible? issue, because most of the business rate relief is funnelled only if the rateable value is under £51,000. But they are Rishi Sunak: As I said, the Secretary of State for suffering in the same way as other businesses. Will the Housing, Communities and Local Government will Chancellor look into that? have already been in touch with my hon. Friend’s local council through MHCLG.They will be the ones processing Rishi Sunak: I am pleased to tell my hon. Friend that, these grants. There is no reason why that cannot happen as a result of the measures I have taken today, any as swiftly as a council is able to act. business in the retail, hospitality and leisure sector, regardless of its rateable value, will now qualify for Alex Davies-Jones (Pontypridd) (Lab): In the past few 100% business rates relief for these next 12 months. weeks, businesses in my constituency,and across Rhondda Cynon Taf, have been devastated by unprecedented Alex Norris (Nottingham North) (Lab/Co-op): Like flooding and are still trying to recover. Many are faced colleagues, I spent today talking to businesses in my with the bureaucracy of insurers and are trying to community. They wanted to know that, when they rebuild their livelihoods. They are now faced with the follow health advice to the letter, and if they keep all prospect of closing for good because of the loss of their staff on payroll, as they desperately want to, their business due to coronavirus. What conversations is the business will be safe. As a result of the package the Chancellor having with the Welsh Government to secure Chancellor announced tonight, can I give them that financial relief for all these businesses in the UK? categoric assurance first thing in the morning?

Rishi Sunak: The hon. Lady asked about flooding. In Rishi Sunak: I very much hope that the businesses last week’s Budget we outlined a variety of packages to that are looking at the range of measures outlined help the communities affected by that. First and foremost, today will see that there is significant financial support there was £120 million to rebuild flood defences that for them, whether that is business rate holidays, direct have just been destroyed, as well as £200 million of new cash grants or access to incredibly low-cost and accessible 961 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 962

[Rishi Sunak] phone call today from one of my employers, whose contract had been cancelled forthwith. He has had to financing. The combination of all those measures, on lay off 1,000 people. There will be a lot of very anxious top of the compensation we will pay to small and people tonight. Although they are probably entitled to medium-sized businesses for statutory sick pay, is a employment and support allowance and universal credit, significant direct fiscal support for businesses up and they will suffer a considerable drop in their wages. I urge down our country to protect people’s jobs. the Chancellor to come up with an employment support package as soon as possible. Derek Thomas (St Ives) (Con): Life and the economy on the Isles of Scilly are particularly fragile. To give a Rishi Sunak: I thank my hon. Friend for his support. quick example, a passenger boat operator who needs to I have sympathy with his constituents in that situation. provide a service for the whole of the islands but relies That is why we strengthened our security and safety net on tourism tells me that he has five weeks left in last week, but the best thing we can do is help employers business. What can the Chancellor do to help businesses get through this and ensure that those jobs are ready for and the community on the Isles of Scilly? people to go back to as soon as practically possible. Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend is right to highlight the particular issues that his remote communities face. I Wes Streeting (Ilford North) (Lab): The reality is that believe the measures announced today,whether on business universal credit and statutory sick pay were not generous rates or direct cash grants, will make an enormous enough in the best of times, and they certainly are not difference to local businesses in his constituency. enough to live on in these worst of times. When the Chancellor comes forward again, will he announce Gavin Robinson (Belfast East) (DUP): I am grateful immediate plans to provide income protection for people to the Chancellor for the effort he is putting into these who suffer loss of earnings, and will he give a tax measures. One question that has been raised is about holiday to freelancers and contractors facing tax bills the facility that is being made available for business in July for work that will never materialise in these interruption payments. Can the Chancellor outline what circumstances? criteria will apply to that facility? Will there be complete access, should it be required, or will businesses have to Rishi Sunak: We have taken steps to strengthen the fulfil criteria that will be assessed? If so, what will be the safety net. On deferring tax payments, that is something basis of that assessment—books this week, last week or that is able to happen through Time To Pay. I urge before any interruption? people to contact Time To Pay. The details are available online. HMRC has 2,000 people standing by to talk to Rishi Sunak: The hon. Gentleman makes an excellent individuals. If tax deferrals are needed, it stands ready point. Our ambition is for the criteria to be as flexible to negotiate and agree those. and generous as possible. The basic point will be to ensure that a business was sensible and well-traded Virginia Crosbie (Ynys Môn) (Con): On behalf of my before coming into the crisis that it now faces. As long constituents, I welcome the significant package of financial as that is the case, the loans should be able to be measures the Government have made available today. provided through the banks on the ground, with our Businesses in Ynys Môn, such as Seawake, Gwynedd guarantee standing behind that. Shipping and the restaurant Catch 22, have contacted me today, desperate for the Government to take action. Sir Desmond Swayne (New Forest West) (Con): Should Will the Chancellor join me in urging the Welsh payment quarterly and in advance be tolerated for Government to make this additional funding available commercial lets? as quickly as possible to small businesses across Wales so they can survive? Rishi Sunak: As always, my right hon. Friend makes a pithy point. He is right to highlight the importance of Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend is right to highlight the prompt payment, especially during this time. That is importance of speed in Wales and everywhere else. That why the Government are taking every step we can to be is why we have taken steps to make Barnett consequentials prompt in our payments and urging all other businesses available in advance as quickly as we can, so that all that can do so to do exactly the same. devolved authorities can plan and execute their plans expeditiously. Dame Diana Johnson (Kingston upon Hull North) (Lab): Given the exceptional circumstances, why exactly can statutory sick pay not be paid at the real living wage Mr Toby Perkins (Chesterfield) (Lab): Businesses face rate? collapsing revenues and the biggest part of the Chancellor’s response is to invite them to take on substantially more Rishi Sunak: We have an extensive security and support debt. That will not save people’s jobs. For the Chancellor network, which extends beyond statutory sick pay to an to compare that £330 billion, which is a guarantee he is NHS that is free at the point of use. Our welfare and making that he may never have to spend, with the security support system works well, and we buttressed it package President Macron put together in France is with an extra £1 billion investment last week. absolutely absurd.

Sir Geoffrey Clifton-Brown (The Cotswolds) (Con): Rishi Sunak: Far from being absurd, President Macron Although I congratulate my right hon. Friend on the yesterday announced exactly ¤300 billion in loan guarantee package he has worked very hard on, sadly, I received a schemes. 963 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 964

Robert Largan (High Peak) (Con): I represent the Rishi Sunak: I believe our approach represents a Peak District, where hotels, restaurants, pubs and the sensible, coherent, co-ordinated and comprehensive way tourism industry in general are absolutely central to to tackle the problem. We have a range of targeted the local economy. I therefore welcome the economic measures, each of which will make a significant difference measures announced, but people and businesses are to those on the ground, but as I said, we stand ready to struggling right now. So may I urge the Chancellor to do more and are indeed actively doing extra things. make certain that loans and grants are paid and put into people’s bank accounts as soon as possible? Greg Smith (Buckingham) (Con): I warmly welcome the enormous package of measures outlined by the Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend is exactly right. That is Chancellor. This morning, I spoke to Energy Generator why the steps we are taking are designed to work at Hire in Kimble Wick in my constituency, which has lost pace. Loan schemes will be available from early next most of its order book and is uncertain about the week and the Communities Secretary is ensuring that future. Can he confirm whether event hire companies the grant payments are processed as quickly as possible are included in the envelope of leisure and hospitality? through local authorities in the coming days and weeks. Rishi Sunak: Those that have business properties will Abena Oppong-Asare (Erith and Thamesmead) (Lab): be eligible both for the relief and the grant, which will I have been contacted by my constituent Andy, from cover a significant number of events companies that Erith and Thamesmead. Businesses like Andy’s collapsed have premises. Obviously, if they do not have premises, this week. The scrapping of business rates does not help they will not qualify for business rates relief, but should small businesses like Andy’s. Loans of £300 billion do be eligible for some of the other measures that I have not help small businesses like Andy’s. Will the Chancellor outlined today.1 clearly set out how he will help small businesses? Will he personally promise me that he will help my constituent Helen Hayes (Dulwich and West Norwood) (Lab): Andy and do whatever it takes to make sure he is The failure of the Chancellor to mention private renters properly supported? in his statement was a grave error, because many of those private renters are the same precarious workers in Rishi Sunak: We have outlined a package of measures hospitality, the arts and culture and other industries to support small businesses specifically. Indeed, 700,000 who are being laid off today. Will he guarantee that no of our smallest businesses will now be receiving a £10,000 one will lose their home as a consequence of coronavirus? grant. I suggest that the hon. Lady’s constituent Andy contacts his local authority for further support, either Rishi Sunak: The Housing Secretary will urgently on business rates or local council tax support, where we and soon bring forward measures to protect renters. are injecting an extra half a billion pounds into the The hon. Lady is right to highlight the importance of system. that, and that is why we will be acting in short order.

Mr Philip Hollobone (Kettering) (Con): I declare my Peter Aldous (Waveney) (Con): I commend the interest as a member of Kettering Borough Council. I Chancellor for coming forward with such a comprehensive commend the Chancellor for coming up with a £350 billion range of support. If he is to use the benefits system to business support package in record time. That will be support those ineligible for sick pay, I urge him to take welcomed by many small businesses in Kettering. Billing on board the concerns raised by the right hon. Member authorities such as Kettering Borough Council are already for East Ham (Stephen Timms) about the fundamental at their busiest time of year, sending out council tax flaw with universal credit. I also highlight the vital work bills. Can the Chancellor explain what role they will that food banks, citizens advice and local churches will play in getting business support to local businesses and be doing in the coming weeks. He should ensure that what extra support they will get to enable that to they get the right support for that. happen? Rishi Sunak: I wholeheartedly agree with my hon. Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend makes an excellent Friend about the importance of our voluntary sector, point. He is right to highlight the capacity of local particularly at this time, and the vital role that it will authorities to execute this plan. The Communities Secretary play.It is right that it gets our support. The Communities is working closely with them and they will be provided Secretary is actively engaging with it and I stand ready with extra resource funding to deal with the extra to do more as needed. administration they will now have to undertake on our behalf. But I know and have confidence that they will Charlotte Nichols (Warrington North) (Lab): What do that job extremely well. measures will the Government take to ensure that landlords who benefit from mortgage holidays do not profit from Stephen Farry (North Down) (Alliance): Members the crisis by having their pockets lined by tenants still on both sides of the House are demonstrating that there expected to pay their rent? are gaps in terms of not only the provision that has been announced but the urgency required to address the Rishi Sunak: As I said, the Housing Secretary will shortly issue. May I therefore return to the issue of a universal outline our measures to protect renters. We understand basic income, or a series of flat payments to people? well the point that the hon. Lady makes. Would that not be a much more efficient and effective way of helping people in the immediate term, with the Richard Graham (Gloucester) (Con): This is a huge proviso that money can be clawed back through the tax step to support jobs. Speed is of the essence, so will the system in due course? Chancellor confirm when the business interruption loans 1.[Official Report, 29 September 2020, Vol. 681, c. 4MC.] 965 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 966

[Richard Graham] because bookings are close to zero and it cannot cover the wage bill. How much longer should it hold will be available and how quickly applications will be off? processed? Will he also confirm that the Communities Secretary’s package will cover renters, the self-employed, Rishi Sunak: Hopefully it will benefit today from the nurseries, community groups, kindergartens and charities significant measures that have been put in place to so that all the people in those sectors will be reassured provide forward business rate relief and immediate cash as well? support through grants. That should provide the business with some reassurance that help is on its way to enable Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend is right that speed is of it to protect jobs, with more to come. the essence. The loan programme will be available from early next week. My right hon. Friend the Chief Secretary to the Treasury is doing an excellent job working with Seema Malhotra (Feltham and Heston) (Lab/Co-op): the banks to make sure that those applications will be Yesterday a constituent of mine was laid off from his processed at speed, so businesses that need that support employment, along with 50 colleagues. He described will get it quickly. how he watched the company’s owners trying to hold back tears as they let go people who have worked for Bill Esterson (Sefton Central) (Lab): The amount of them for decades. Why will the Chancellor not cut off money announced for the loan guarantee scheme is a this problem at the root by providing to British businesses massive sum, but will businesses want to be saddled the same reassurance that President Macron has provided with debt when they have no income and no means of to French businesses: that no business will go bankrupt? paying it back? Previous loan schemes were poorly taken up because the banks ignored the guarantee part Rishi Sunak: As I have already said, the French of the scheme, so how will the Chancellor make sure Government announced ¤300 billion of loan guarantees that the loan guarantee scheme is delivered by the yesterday. We have gone a step further with £330 of banks at the scale and speed needed? loan guarantees, equivalent to 15% of our GDP, to provide the same level of support. Beyond that, the Rishi Sunak: I thank the hon. Member for the thoughtful fiscal measures that we have taken between last week question. He is right to ask about that particular point. and today are comparable in scale to those undertaken He will be pleased to know that, compared with previous by any major economy. loan guarantee schemes, the generosity of the Government guarantees is significantly increased to provide a strong Owen Thompson (Midlothian) (SNP): The introduction incentive for the banks to provide that lending. We have and increase of grants is a welcome step in the right spoken to all the banks individually specifically on this direction, but a number of food and drink producers in measure and have their assurance that they will work at my constituency have seen the outlet for their produce pace to deliver it. As a result of our entreaties, they have dry up, so what additional support can be offered to also unilaterally unlocked £21 billion of their own extra help keep such companies afloat? lending capacity to provide to the sector, so I am confident that they will deliver as required. Rishi Sunak: The measures announced today, whether Danny Kruger (Devizes) (Con): Many businesses depend the loan or other guarantee schemes, will be of significant on not the public or other businesses, but the state itself, support to those businesses,and the measures we announced through contracts with different parts of the public last week will also help the employees. As I have said sector. Many such contracts are on a payment-by-results previously, we are looking at more measures in all areas, basis, so they are paid according to outcomes that and I will update the House at things develop. might no longer be possible, given the situation. Will the Chancellor work with other parts of Government to Gerald Jones (Merthyr Tydfil and Rhymney) (Lab): ensure that the state’s contracts, particularly with social All our constituents will require realistic statutory sick enterprises, charities and social businesses, can be flexed pay if they are required to self-isolate. Will the Chancellor to ensure that those important businesses stay afloat? do whatever it takes to ensure that happens, and will he include the self-employed and those on zero-hours contracts Rishi Sunak: My hon. Friend makes an excellent in his measures? point, which I will be sure to raise with the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Rishi Sunak: As previously discussed, depending on Kerry McCarthy (Bristol East) (Lab): Can the Chancellor people’s particular employment circumstances, they might clarify whether community interest companies will be well be eligible for statutory sick pay even though they treated in the same way as other small companies when are self-employed or in the gig economy. We have already it comes to being able to apply for the £10,000 grants? taken measures to ensure that they are eligible for those benefits and for employment and support allowance Rishi Sunak: If the hon. Lady will forgive me, I do from day one, rather than day four and day eight not have a precise answer for her at this moment, but I respectively, and we have further strengthened the safety will look into the matter as soon as I am done and write net with an investment of £1 billion. to her. Mike Kane (Wythenshawe and Sale East) (Lab): Mike Wood (Dudley South) (Con): A firm in the Hundreds upon hundreds of aviation workers in my hospitality sector has written to me to say that tomorrow constituency were sent home today. Coronavirus has it must lay off 200 workers and halve the pay of 100 more, devastated the airline industry. Because they had less 967 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 968 than three years’ experience, 21 days’ pay is all they get, Rishi Sunak: I shall be happy to look at that suggestion. with no prospect of a job going forward. Can the The hon. Lady also asked a specific question about Chancellor give us more information on the aviation VAT on postponed accounting. I am actively considering package that he has announced tonight? that, in terms of when we are scheduled to introduce it and whether it could be improved. Rishi Sunak: We are in active dialogue with the key companies in the sector, both airlines and airports, to Darren Henry (Broxtowe) (Con): Small businesses in discuss what specific support might be required. In the my constituency will welcome their eligibility for grants circumstances, it would not be appropriate for me to of £10,000, up from £3,000 last week. How will they comment on the measures that individual companies receive information on how to gain access to those might want to engage with us on, but the hon. Gentleman funds, if, indeed, they qualify? can rest assured that we are working hard for the industry. Rishi Sunak: If those businesses are already receiving small business rate relief, that will be known to the local Claudia Webbe (Leicester East) (Lab): Given the authorities, which will shortly be writing to them to acceleration of the virus and the collapse of the aviation request their financial details so that they can process industry, which means that there is no prospect of any the grant payments. If businesses have not heard in short deportation charter flights leaving the UK, and given order, they can get in touch with their local authorities. that there is no testing, it seems inhumane and unjustified to continue to raid the homes of my constituents, Janet Daby (Lewisham East) (Lab): Food banks are especially those who have underlying health conditions used by 1.6 million people, 250,000 more than the or are self-isolating, and put them into detention centres number indicated by the previous year’s data, and the indefinitely, at great expense and in poorly sanitised demand will increase. Food banks rely on the surplus conditions. That puts the lives of my constituents in from supermarkets, and on people’s food donations. danger and violates their human rights. Detentions and What is the Chancellor’s contingency plan to address deportations by charter flight are barbaric and costly. this very serious issue? The outbreak of covid-19 further underlines their cruelty and expense. Will the Chancellor urge the Home Secretary Rishi Sunak: My right hon. Friend the Environment to end them immediately? Secretary is engaging actively with supermarkets to make sure that all aspects of our food supply are secure, including deliveries and ensuring that everyone receives Rishi Sunak: My right hon. Friend the Home Secretary the food that they need during this time. is doing an excellent job, making sure that our borders are secure and that we enforce our laws as required, but Kevin Brennan (Cardiff West) (Lab): The Chancellor in a way that is humane and compatible with all human needs to be more than a desiccated calculating machine. rights. I am sure that she will do exactly that as we go When he answers questions, we need to hear talk about through the challenging next few months. people, not just packages. Will he look at early-day motion 302, which I tabled and which advocates a Matt Western (Warwick and Leamington) (Lab): The universal basic income—particularly for freelancers and Chancellor will be aware that in certain business sectors, the self-employed—as a temporary measure during this the loss of just one or two people in specialised roles crisis, and will he pledge to return to the House, rather from an organisation can bring down a business. France than just making an announcement through the press, and Italy are reviving the approach adopted in a global to tell us what he is going to do about these employment financial crash of supporting workers with a proportion measures? of their wages. Will the Chancellor do the same here? Rishi Sunak: The hon. Gentleman talks about packages Rishi Sunak: As I have said, we are considering to support business. They are not divorced from people’s employment support packages and what can be designed circumstances; they are directly helping people’s and implemented at pace. As for other countries, let me circumstances. The way to help people is to secure their again put it on record that the fiscal interventions we employment, now and in the future, and that is what have undertaken are comparable in size with those of these packages are designed to do, which is why they any other major developed economy. will make a real difference to people on the ground.

Kate Green (Stretford and Urmston) (Lab): There is Gavin Newlands (Paisley and Renfrewshire North) huge fear, and also confusion, among my constituents (SNP): The Chancellor is already late with support for this evening about a range of issues: whether measures aviation. Airlines, airports, and support services such as will apply to start-ups, what will happen to VAT on baggage handlers have already announced, or are strongly advance sales, the position of businesses in the hospital considering announcing, significant job cuts. Can the supply chain, and what will happen if a freelancer Chancellor reassure them that they do not need to do cannot work because he or she must look after a family that, and that he will follow other Governments such as member who has been sent home. May I suggest to the that of New Zealand, which announced £35 billion Chancellor that local authorities will not have the capacity worth of direct wage subsidies to keep not just those to deal with all those queries while they are doing many jobs but all jobs safe? other things, including delivering vital services? It would be very helpful if a dedicated MP hotline could be set Rishi Sunak: We have announced our own range of up to deal with such questions, so that we could go to fiscal measures to help businesses to protect jobs, with one Government location to help our constituents. particular reference to the airline industry. As I have 969 Economic Update 17 MARCH 2020 Economic Update 970

[Rishi Sunak] with the principle that the wages of those who jobs are under threat, whose shifts have been cancelled and said, my right hon. Friend the Transport Secretary and whose hours have been cut will be protected? I are actively engaging with the companies and the airports in that sector to establish what support is required. Rishi Sunak: The Government telling people not to visit those places, or to hold back from them, was based Jeff Smith (Manchester, Withington) (Lab): A lot of on the advice of scientists and medical experts to ensure my constituents work in the events and leisure industry; that our health as a country is protected. The measures many are self-employed freelancers. I spoke to one we announced today directly go to help those in those today, who told me that she earns a large proportion of industries to protect those jobs. As I said, we will work her annual income during the summer event and festival urgently with the unions and businesses to see what season. She is going to lose that this year. Given that it further measures can be put in place. could be another year before she is able to get back on her feet, can I urge the Chancellor to come back with a Andy Slaughter (Hammersmith) (Lab): Many decisions package of support for people like her—ideally grant the Government have taken on isolation, at-risk groups support, a long-term package for individuals in that sector? and testing limit the ability of NHS staff to go to work. It is easy to say, “Whatever it takes,” but how can we be Rishi Sunak: Those in the leisure and hospitality and sure that our hospitals in particular have the resources the retail sectors are of course particularly impacted by to save every life that can be saved? what we are experiencing, which is why the package of measures announced today builds on what was announced Rishi Sunak: Of course, we take the advice of the last week and goes to the heart of that industry to chief medical officer in this regard and we will continue provide direct cash support and business rate relief. The to do so. We have been absolutely clear that the NHS measures we announced last week also provide support will get whatever support financially it needs from the to those who are self-employed. Government to help get us through what will be a very challenging time. We are considering all measures to Apsana Begum (Poplar and Limehouse) (Lab): I, like increase the capacity of the NHS to respond to this, and many others in this House, have been contacted by indeed provide the support to those on the frontline constituents who are extremely anxious and worried who are going to deal with a very difficult few months. about the uncertainty and disruption in the months ahead. This includes constituents who are self-isolating, Sarah Olney (Richmond Park) (LD): I obviously especially those who are expected to self-isolate for welcome the Chancellor’s commitment to making sure extended periods, who may face loneliness and other that jobs are saved and that people can stay in work, but mental health challenges. Is the Chancellor planning to I wonder whether he agrees that by structuring his allocate any funding to address this? package around loans rather than grants, he actually loses some control over what the money is spent on. Rishi Sunak: I very much appreciate people’s anxiety Therefore, he cannot be certain that the money is going at this difficult time. With regard to those who are to be spent most effectively in pursuit of this objective. self-isolating, we have already made changes to our welfare system to ensure that those people qualify for Rishi Sunak: It is not just loans; it is loans and grants the support that they deserve. With regard to public and tax relief on business rates, as well as deferral of tax services support, as I have said, the Communities Secretary payments through time to pay and reimbursement for and the Health Secretary are actively engaging with statutory sick pay. Across the piece, it is a series of those sectors to understand whether there is extra support different interventions, all of which will be effective at that is required. doing one fundamental thing: improving the cash flow in the short term of businesses to help them bridge Alex Sobel (Leeds North West) (Lab/Co-op): The through what will be a temporary dislocation, so that they reality is that for businesses and workers this crisis is can emerge on the other side and we do not lose for the going to last for many months. Has the Chancellor long term that productive capacity and lose those jobs. considered a much more interventionist microeconomic policy? For instance, has he thought about repurposing Daniel Zeichner (Cambridge) (Lab): Making the businesses shutting now—hotels, restaurants, music announcements is one thing, but, to use the Chancellor’s venues, theatres—as infection rates rapidly rise? words, operationalising at speed is quite another, so can he be more precise about the resources available for the Rishi Sunak: That would be a question for my right civil service and local councils? A simple example—a hon. Friend the Health Secretary, who is actively engaged Canadian nurse phoned my office today so frustrated in making sure that we can increase the capacity of our that she cannot help the NHS because we cannot sort health service to cope with the next few months and is out the equivalent qualifications. It will be the same for considering a range of measures, but we will do whatever many others, particularly Bangladeshi nurses working it takes to make sure that we have the capacity we need in the care sector. to help those who fall sick at this time. Rishi Sunak: I am happy to take on board the suggestion Chris Stephens (Glasgow South West) (SNP): The from the hon. Gentleman. I will raise it with the Health Government effectively discouraged UK citizens from Secretary, who I know is actively looking at ways to entering sectors of the economy that traditionally offer bring extra people into the NHS to help respond to this low-paid and precarious employment. Is it the Chancellor’s crisis. There is a range of options and flexibilities we intention, when he talks to trade unions and business should consider. I will make sure that I raise that one over the next few days, to enter into those discussions with him as well. 971 17 MARCH 2020 St Patrick’s Day 972

St Patrick’s Day Stephen Farry: For the sake of balance and inclusivity, it is worth reminding the House that St Patrick was, of , That this House Motion made, and Question proposed course, Welsh. do now adjourn.—(Eddie Hughes.)

Mr Speaker: Before I begin the debate, may I suggest Jim Shannon: He certainly was. This is my first to all Members that this is their opportunity to intervene Adjournment debate for many, many years, but I have on Jim Shannon? intervened in a great many Adjournment debates held by other Members and I have been pleased to do so. 9.15 pm Mike Wood (Dudley South) (Con): I congratulate the Jim Shannon (Strangford) (DUP): Thank you, hon. Gentleman on securing this debate. I was born on Mr Speaker. First— St Patrick’s Day, so I fully support the extension of celebrations of 17 March by at least a couple of weeks Mr Gregory Campbell (East Londonderry) (DUP): either way. Will he join me in extending best wishes for Will my hon. Friend give way? St Patrick’s Day to those in all our constituencies who hail from Ireland, from whichever side of the border Jim Shannon: Of course. they originate? Mr Campbell: I just couldn’t resist it, Mr Speaker. I have waited years and years to do that. My hon. Jim Shannon: I certainly will, and I will be saying that Friend has an Adjournment debate on St Patrick’s Day. if I ever get the chance to do so. We have had events, parades and all sorts of functions on St Patrick’s Day cancelled, in Brazil, Washington, Richard Graham (Gloucester) (Con): The hon. New York, Belfast, Dublin and London, but the Gentleman is being extremely generous in taking indefatigable nature of my hon. Friend has meant that interventions this evening. He said that every day is his Adjournment debate continues. St Patrick’s Day for an Irishman, from whichever side of the border. He will therefore be delighted to hear that Jim Shannon: It is a pleasure to be here to speak in Gloucester celebrated St Patrick’s Day on Saturday this debate. May I wish you, Mr Deputy Speaker, and evening in the Irish club, with an acting mayor,Councillor all right hon. and hon. Members, a very happy St Patrick’s Collette Finnegan, who was born in Dublin. She is the Day? first ever Irish-born mayor of Gloucester and the first to have worked in the NHS for 30 years. Will he join me Kevin Brennan (Cardiff West) (Lab): Will the hon. in congratulating her and the Irish club? Gentleman give way on that point?

Jim Shannon: I am very happy to give way on that Jim Shannon: I certainly will, and I am pleased to do point. that. It is wonderful that whenever St Patrick’s Day comes around, deep down we are all supporters of Kevin Brennan: The hon. Gentleman will know that I St Patrick’s Day and perhaps a wee bit Irish as well. I am very proud to have an Irish father and a Welsh am speaking as British person, of course, and someone mother, and I recently attended the champ reception at who has a passport that says that. the House of Lords, as I believe he did. The Irish We all have saints, and I recall that on my first day at ambassador explained that St Patrick’s Day is becoming Westminster in 2010, I came through the doors and a festival that lasts over many, many weeks, and that the marvelled at the wondrous Lobby just outside these first function he had attended this year was on 1 March, doors, where each nation’s patron saint is depicted. We at which point I pointed out that that is St David’s Day. have St George for England, St David for Wales, St Andrew Can we put a stop to having St Patrick’s Day celebrations for Scotland and of course the incomparable St Patrick on the day of the Welsh patron saint, St David? for Ireland.

Jim Shannon: I thank the hon. Gentleman for his Gavin Robinson (Belfast East) (DUP): Of course, the intervention, but every day is St Patrick’s Day for us mosaic of St Patrick depicts the unity on our island, and we are very pleased to celebrate it on St David’s because to his right is St Brigid, from Kildare in the Day. south, and on his left is St Columba, to represent Ulster and the north. In the spirit of that unity, may I express Neil Parish (Tiverton and Honiton) (Con): It is great on behalf of our colleagues, Mr Deputy Speaker, our for me to be celebrating St Patrick’s Day in this Chamber, pleasure that the ecclesiastical history of Ireland is in his Adjournment debate, because I have an Irish being repeated yet again with my hon. Friend, who not grandmother. I just want to congratulate the hon. only champions freedom of religion and religious belief Gentleman on probably being the Member who has in this House, but has been appointed by Mr Speaker to intervened the most in Adjournment debates in this House. his Ecclesiastical Committee? Jim Shannon: Well— Jim Shannon: That is very kind, and I am pleased to Stephen Farry (North Down) (Alliance): Will the hon. have accepted that position, as are others in the House. Gentleman give way? I am happy to claim St Patrick as my patron saint—let us be honest: how could I do otherwise? I am blessed to Jim Shannon: I will. live in the most wonderful constituency of Strangford, 973 St Patrick’s Day 17 MARCH 2020 St Patrick’s Day 974

[Jim Shannon] for Wythenshawe and Sale East (Mike Kane) spoke of St Patrick’s breastplate, and it was fitting, and worth in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern getting on the record, that our new Chaplain led us in Ireland, and the fingerprints of St Patrick can be seen that prayer at the start of business today. It was a fitting throughout and all over it. thing to do, especially in these times, given what the St Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, was born prayer invokes. Maewyn Succat to a Christian family in Wales, in Roman Britain, in the late fourth century AD. Shortly Jim Shannon: Yes, I noticed that today. Indeed, I said before he was 16, Patrick was captured from the villa of to my hon. Friend the Member for East Londonderry his father, Calpurnius, by a group of Irish raiders who (Mr Campbell)—who intervened as soon as I got three took him to Ireland and forced him into slavery. Six words into my contribution—that it was interesting that years later, he escaped home to Britain, his religious the Speaker’s Chaplain used St Patrick’s prayer this faith strengthened during his time in slavery. Believing morning. It was really nice. I want to finish my comments he had been called by God to Christianise Ireland, he with that prayer, and it is important to do so. later returned to Ireland as a missionary. Kerry McCarthy (Bristol East) (Lab): As people might How wonderful it is to see the beauty of the Union at be able to guess, I too have an Irish father. It is obviously work within St Patrick’s life—a British man who fell in a difficult time to celebrate St Patrick’s Day, and the love with the people, but more importantly whose love celebrations are very muted. Last year,I joined St Patrick’s for God made him return to the bosom of those who church in east Bristol to take part in the celebrations. had mistreated him. We all love the story of the little Does the hon. Gentleman think that, given the situation man coming good, and that is the story of St Patrick, a we are in, churches like St Patrick’s have a role to play in former slave who absolutely changed a nation for God the voluntary relief effort and reaching out to the and for good. As my hon. Friend the Member for vulnerable and isolated, particularly at this time? Belfast East (Gavin Robinson) said, out there in Central Lobby, where the four nations come together as one Jim Shannon: I certainly do, and I thank the hon. nation—the four regions as one—that is our strength. Lady for her question. It is very important that we Our strength is in the United Kingdom of Great Britain recognise that point. There cannot be a Member in this and Northern Ireland. House who does not have the same opinion. The Church St Patrick was a man who made it easy to understand has a key role to play in this. We can think of all the bad the divine with simple illustrations and who simply things that are happening, such as the coronavirus, but wanted people to know more of God and his redemptive we should also think of all the people who do good plan for us all through Christ Jesus. His dedication to things—and do those things without anyone ever knowing. his Lord and his love for the people of this land are That is what she is referring to. In that group, there are something that I hope to attain, too, in the time I am people with strong beliefs who want to reach out and here. help. Some may be surprised to see me, an Orangeman, The huge parades that take place across American celebrating what has been turned into a green event. cities have their roots in the New York parade of 1762, That is not my view. I celebrate the story of a man who when Irish soldiers in the British Army marched to changed the course of our history. He was neither St Patrick’s Day celebrations with their band playing—we orange nor green—I agree with what the hon. Member do love the bands—and their regimental colours flying. for Gloucester (Richard Graham) said—but used all I salute the work that is carried out to this day by the means to point to Christ and the hope offered to every Irish Guards. The second largest branch of the Irish man by him. How I wish there were more like Patrick Guards Association is in my constituency of Strangford today. and in my town of Newtownards. The largest association Mike Kane (Wythenshawe and Sale East) (Lab): I am is in Liverpool. I want to put on record my thanks to delighted to intervene on the hon. Member. St Patrick’s the Irish Guards for being great ambassadors of this lorica—the poem upon his breastplate—refers to a “shield great nation. I thank all of those who gave their lives for in the strife”. Is St Patrick’s message relevant to today’s Queen and country over many,many years.The celebrations world and the debate we have been having tonight? continue to this day in New York, Washington, Chicago and throughout the world and are testament to the Jim Shannon: I believe it is. When I asked for this attractiveness of St Patrick. Adjournment debate—Mr Speaker kindly agreed—I felt there was a need to tell the history of St Patrick and Richard Graham: As a declaration of interest, my how St Patrick’s Day came about, because his message brother-in-law was a colonel of the Irish Guards. Does is the simple message of the gospel, to all mankind, the hon. Gentleman agree that history has not always wherever they may be, of all political aspirations and of been easy for the Irish Guards in the whole of the island all regions of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and of Ireland, but that things are now much better and the Northern Ireland. His message is simple but it is a true role that they and their individuals played in the two message and we all need to hear it. That is why I wanted world wars is now much better recognised on both sides to have this debate. There are two parts to the story, of of the border? course; I will tell the first, about the gospel message, but I also want to tell the second story about what he does Jim Shannon: The hon. Gentleman is right. The Irish and can do. Guards have drawn their numbers from the north and the south, and they have done so over many years. The Patrick Grady (Glasgow North) (SNP): As one of the colonel of the Irish Guards is Simon Nichols, who, at Patricks in the Chamber today, I think it is right that the the minute, is serving in Belize. He is a very good friend hon. Gentleman is acknowledging this. The hon. Member of mine and also happens to be one of my constituents. 975 St Patrick’s Day 17 MARCH 2020 St Patrick’s Day 976

He and his wife and family are in Belize for a three-year heard about drink, and we have heard about celebrations sojourn. I am very pleased to highlight the good work in schools. Does the hon. Gentleman agree that music is of the Irish Guards. a superb way to help to bridge the divide with the cultural spirit? Sir Jeffrey M. Donaldson (Lagan Valley) (DUP): I welcome my hon. Friend’s speech and the debate. Does Jim Shannon: I am happy to support the use of he agree that Her Majesty the Queen has played a very music. I love music; I love all sorts of music. I love Elvis important role in recent years in promoting reconciliation Presley, who was an Ulster Scot, as we all know. He between the British and Irish people? There is a former brought hillbilly music to the society that we have today. order known as the Order of St Patrick, which was once I love music on 12 July, which is one of our special days, awarded in recognition of the contribution that men and we hope to have the special day this year if we have and women make to relationships within our islands. the opportunity. There is lots of music, including Would it not be appropriate for Her Majesty to consider ecclesiastical music. There are the hymns that we all reinstating that order? love, and those things all come from St Patrick, and we are pleased to have them. Jim Shannon: My right hon. Friend and colleague Belfast City Council said that 23,500 people attended has suggested something that perhaps the Minister of the 2017 St. Patrick’s day event: 60% from Greater State could respond to in a positive fashion. I know that Belfast, 20% from the rest of Northern Ireland and a he will do so if he gets the opportunity. [Laughter.] I further 20% from outside Northern Ireland. The economic am sorry—I will give him the opportunity! I think that impact was worth £758,000, independent research showed. I may have been misinterpreted. The fact that the St Patrick’s Centre in neighbouring I have had the opportunity to attend, with the Friends Down Council can attract 130,000 visitors every year of St Patrick, Irish Fest in Milwaukee over the years. tells us that the appetite is there. The question we must There has been a really determined attempt to ensure ask ourselves is how we can exploit that. I am aware of that there are balanced and respectful accounts, and I tremendous council initiatives such as the St Patrick’s welcome that. trail. The Discover NI website says: Having spoken about the religious aspect of St Patrick, “Follow the Saint Patrick’s Trail through a host of Christian which is really important to me and to many others in sites at Bangor, the Ards Peninsula”— this Chamber, it is also important to look at the tourism in my constituency— aspect, and I want to speak about that if I can. “ Downpatrick, Newry and Armagh to uncover just how strong Northern Ireland’s links are with this patron saint. The 92 mile Wendy Chamberlain (North East Fife) (LD): I thank linear driving route links 15 key sites, all identified as having some the hon. Gentleman for giving way. I am sure that the connection to his life, legacy or landscape”. parliamentary app on Twitter is loving this debate tonight. I believe that we need greater funding—I know that the In relation to celebrations, I think that, as a Scot, it is Minister will respond to that, as we had a chat before fair to say that the Irish are also known in their celebrations the debate—and emphasis on that to attract overnight of St Patrick’s Day for drink. As a former Diageo visitors and not just day-trippers. For example, if people employee, it would be remiss of me not to call out a followed the Christian heritage trail down the Ards Guinness and other alcoholic beverages that are used to peninsula in my constituency, where I live, they would celebrate St Patrick’s Day. Does he agree that we should find the abbey at Greyabbey, which is open thanks to be celebrating those, too? the generosity of the Mongomerys of Rosemount estate—I take this opportunity to thank them in Hansard. To get Jim Shannon: I am very happy to let people celebrate to that historic Abbey, they would have to drive through in whatever way they wish, and I thank the hon. Lady Newtownards, with our unique Scrabo tower, open at for her intervention. It is all about moderation, so let us certain times; the old priory dating to 1244; and one of celebrate in moderation. the UK’s oldest market crosses, which has been renovated and refurbished to bring back some of its glory. With Alison Thewliss (Glasgow Central) (SNP): I thank the many a coffee shop along the way and Northern Ireland’s hon. Gentleman for allowing me to intervene on him. In winning high street of the year—it is always good to a different kind of celebration, because the people mention that fact—they could shop in boutiques and involved are younger, St Patrick’s Primary School in my enjoy at least half a day in the historically and culturally constituency has also been celebrating St Patrick’s Day rich Newtownards. They could take in some of the most today.It is located next to St Patrick’sChurch in Anderston. beautiful scenery in the world as they made their way to Would he like to extend his congratulations to the the abbey at Greyabbey. young people at the school who have been celebrating Those people would drive past world-renowned Mount today, despite the coronavirus? Stewart estate and gardens—officially one of the top 10 gardens of the world, which is in my constituency of Jim Shannon: I am very pleased to do so. It is good to Strangford. That is only half a day of the itinerary. know that, across all four regions today, young and old They would travel slightly inland to see Ballycopeland are celebrating the story of St Patrick. mill—the only remaining working windmill in East Down, which allows people to grind their own flour—then Jonathan Gullis (Stoke-on-Trent North) (Con): I declared nip across to the folk and transport museum, in the on the Register of Members’ Financial Interests that constituency of my right hon. Friend the Member for my stepmother is Janet Harbison, leader of the Irish Lagan Valley (Sir Jeffrey M. Donaldson), where they Harp Orchestra, from the Republic, who did a great can learn to bake bread with the flour they milled at deal of work in Belfast to bring peace together. We have Ballycopeland. There goes another half day at least, 977 St Patrick’s Day 17 MARCH 2020 St Patrick’s Day 978

[Jim Shannon] “Christ with me, Christ before me, and the need for an overnight stay in a hotel or Airbnb Christ behind me, accommodation along the beautiful Strangford lough. Christ in me, That is before they have even made it to the Abbey. Christ beneath me, Christ above me, Kevin Brennan (Cardiff West) (Lab): I congratulate the hon. Member on his description of his constituency. Christ on my right, He is making it sound not just like Mount Stewart Christ on my left, gardens but like the garden of Eden, but may I remind Christ when I lie down, him that that is where original sin was invented? Christ when I sit down, Christ when I arise, Jim Shannon: We are all sinners, and I am one of Christ in the heart of every man who thinks of me, them. Christ in the mouth of everyone who speaks of me, People could enjoy the antique shops in Greyabbey, Christ in every eye that sees me, and some of the best home-made scones at Harrisons of Christ in every ear that hears me.” Greyabbey, with its unrivalled view and service. They could carry on down the peninsula to Portavogie and What better way to finish this debate? I thank the Minister see the only working fishing village in Northern Ireland. in advance for his comments, and right hon. and hon. They could then go then down to the Exploris aquarium Members for their interventions—it would not be an at Portaferry for a bite to eat and an interesting afternoon Adjournment debate if we did not have interventions. sightseeing, ending at the great Portaferry Narrows hotel, with its warm hospitality and great food. It is Mr Deputy Speaker (Mr Nigel Evans): Will the hon. owned by Cathal Arthur, who is doing tremendous Gentleman give way? work during the coronavirus crisis by helping the elderly and disabled, delivering necessities to them in the bounds Jim Shannon rose— of Portaferry. Many people, as the hon. Member for Bristol East (Kerry McCarthy) said, are doing great Mr Deputy Speaker: I’m only joking. work in their community. Jim Shannon: You have got your intervention into Hansard, Mr Deputy Speaker—thank you. Jonathan Gullis: I cannot listen to this amazing description of the hon. Gentleman’s constituency and 9.37 pm not think that once the coronavirus crisis is over he must lead a delegation of all MPs to his constituency, The Minister of State, Northern Ireland Office (Mr Robin ideally on St Patrick’s day. I would certainly like the Walker): I thank and warmly congratulate the hon. opportunity to do that, and I hope that he will offer and Member for Strangford (Jim Shannon)—who, let us extend that invitation to us. face it, is no stranger to either Adjournment debates or interventions—on his excellent speech on the importance Jim Shannon: We will try to do it over three days. The of St Patrick’s day and its support across communities, immigration Minister, the hon. Member for Torbay both within Northern Ireland and across the world. I (Kevin Foster), had hoped to come to my constituency, am grateful for his giving me this opportunity to shine a although that will probably not happen because of the light on Northern Ireland as a uniquely placed region in coronavirus, but we look forward to getting him down the United Kingdom. there eventually; it will be a special time. The hon. Gentleman was absolutely right to point Apart from me—I have lived there all my life—and out the splendid depiction of St Patrick in the Lobby other Strangford residents, who knows that we have just a few metres from where we stand, with his peers such world-class golf and spa facilities and playing from England, Scotland and Wales. As he said, St Patrick facilities for children? We must do better at offering became the patron saint of Ireland but was born and what we have, and St Patrick’s day celebrations are a raised in Britain—he was probably a Welshman. He is a way of doing just that. Will the Minister outline how he strong reflection of the links between our islands, going believes that that can be achieved and whether some back centuries. joined-up thinking with local councils and ensuring a I am pleased that the hon. Gentleman has brought Northern Ireland-focused tourism drive can help? Will this debate to the House and I thank Mr Speaker for he confirm the Barnett consequentials of today’s allowing it on St Patrick’s day. People across the world announcement by the Chancellor so that the Northern take part in St Patrick’s day celebrations, although they Ireland Assembly can support businesses? It is important are muted this year due to the coronavirus outbreak. I to have that on the record. I am pretty sure that it will be am struck by the efforts across the UK and in all the good news, so it would be good to have it in Hansard as devolved Administrations to tackle the virus in the a positive response. most efficient way possible, and I want to touch on that It will be apt for me to end with the prayer of in a little more detail as well as on its subsequent impact St Patrick, which I hope I can in some way replicate on national and local economies. throughout my life, knowing that if I emulate St Patrick I understand that the Economy Minister Diane Dodds in loving God and showing his goodness, I will do good has been in close contact with local industry leaders and and leave my family, friends and countrymen the better that the Executive are working on a stimulus package for it. The Speaker’s Chaplain recited it this morning, tailored to Northern Ireland’s unique needs and pressures. and I want to finish with it: Despite those concerted efforts, it is a shame that the 979 St Patrick’s Day 17 MARCH 2020 St Patrick’s Day 980 annual Belfast St Patrick’s day parade has had to be The hon. Gentleman mentioned his own connections cancelled; the hon. Gentleman has previously set out its and conversations with groups celebrating St Patrick’s benefits to the local economy. day in the United States, and I have to say that he St Patrick’sdayis hugely important for people throughout taught me something that I did not know before, which Northern Ireland as they celebrate the man historically is that Elvis was an Ulsterman. associated with bringing Christianity to the island of Jim Shannon: Of Ulster descent. Ireland and transcending traditional divides. St Patrick and the arrival of Christianity in Ireland were historically Mr Walker: Indeed. Countries such as the United responsible for influencing so much of the learning, States, with whom we share a special relationship, maintain writing and arts for which Ireland and Northern Ireland a huge interest in Northern Ireland, and the US derives have become so famous. As the hon. Gentleman pointed that interest partly from its own historical and cultural out, this legendary saint is a significant tourism draw to relationship with Ireland, as well as its instrumental role Northern Ireland. in supporting the Belfast agreement negotiations. As The hon. Gentleman spoke about the St Patrick’s everyone knows, Ireland’s long-standing historical trail driving route and mentioned the St Patrick centre—a connections with the US meant that Irish and Ulster modern complex in Downpatrick Country Down, with Scots immigrants were fundamental in the early years an exhibition dedicated to telling St Patrick’s story. In of the United States. As the hon. Gentleman mentioned the townland of Saul, a replica of an early church and in his opening remarks, that bond is an important link round tower stand on the spot of his first reputed between Northern Ireland and the rest of the world, sermon. When he visited Armagh, St Patrick called it creating further potential for attracting visitors to Northern his “sweet hill”, founding his first large stone church in Ireland’s shores. 445 AD. Believed to have died on 17 March in the My right hon. Friend the Secretary of State for 5th century, his influence and impact continue to resonate Northern Ireland was in Washington last week for the to this day, never more so than with Armagh’s two annual St Patrick’s day celebrations—an annual event cathedrals that bear his name: St Patrick’s Church of that has endured for more than 25 years. He met a wide Ireland cathedral on Sally Hill and the twin-spired range of key stakeholders from across Irish America, Catholic St Patrick’s cathedral on the opposite hill. including the new special envoy for Northern Ireland, Both are illuminated in preparation for the feast of Mick Mulvaney. They discussed the diplomatic break- St Patrick. Those cathedrals are an embodiment of the throughs represented by the “New Decade,New Approach” rich cultural experience and one of the highlights of the agreement and the restoration of the Northern Ireland heartland of St Patrick. Executive—further milestones that will help to secure While the story of St Patrick is well known and Northern Ireland’s social and economic success. celebrated across the world and is a crucial element of The hon. Gentleman highlighted the connections the tourism industry of Northern Ireland, that tourism that Northern Ireland’s people enjoy across the world, industry is much more multifaceted and has so much to as well as their justified local pride. I should point out offer. Northern Ireland’s local tourism sector has been that Northern Ireland’s tourist attractions can, and going from strength to strength over recent years, with often do, speak for themselves. How could visitors to an increasing number of visitors who stay longer and Northern Ireland not be enticed by the promises of spend more than ever before, but the hon. Gentleman is wide open spaces and fresh air? Indeed, anyone on a right to point out the need to drive forward that dynamic. wellness pilgrimage should look no further. Boasting We now find ourselves in a dynamic and concerning many miles of stunning coastline, unforgettable experiences situation with regard to covid-19. Notwithstanding the and exceptional food and drink, local tourism is a great tourism assets and warm hospitality of Northern dynamic and rapidly expanding sector,making a substantial Ireland, the need for increased social distancing and contribution to growth, employment and prosperity in reduced international travel will make this a difficult Northern Ireland. I have been fortunate over the last time for the tourism and hospitality industries. The few weeks to visit a number of the key attractions and Government will continue to do whatever we can, and sample some of the outstanding hospitality for myself, the Chancellor announced in the Budget last week but I can hardly compete with the hon. Gentleman’s £30 billion of fiscal stimulus to support the economy in travelogue in selling the benefits of his constituency. response to the covid-19 outbreak. Northern Ireland Jim Shannon: May I invite the Minister to visit my will benefit from that package, resulting in a further constituency of Strangford? Wewould be more than happy £260 million for the Northern Ireland Executive on top to have him there, and I could give him a guided tour, so of the more than £210 million of Barnett consequentials that he can see some of the beauties of my constituency. announced on Budget day. Today the Chancellor made a further significant announcement of additional measures Mr Walker: The hon. Gentleman is extremely kind, to mitigate the impact of covid-19, which will result in and I would be delighted to take him up on that offer. I further funding for the Executive. Taken together, the think he will find—as we have heard in the debate, Executive will be receiving £900 million of Barnett including from my hon. Friend the Member for Stoke- funding from the Chancellor’sannouncements on covid-19. on-Trent North (Jonathan Gullis)—that he has many Northern Ireland will also benefit from the UK-wide friends across the House who will be keen to join him in measures in the Budget, including new funding for his constituency. investment and the increased national insurance threshold. In conclusion, the hon. Gentleman has done the I know that the Executive will now be taking steps to House a great service by bringing today’s celebration of build on that additional financial support to do what it St Patrick’s day to the Chamber, celebrating all that can to address the specific needs of the Northern Ireland Northern Ireland and his constituency have to offer. economy. The UK Government will continue to work hand in 981 St Patrick’s Day 17 MARCH 2020 St Patrick’s Day 982

[Mr Robin Walker] 9.45 pm hand with the Northern Ireland Executive in supporting House adjourned without Question put (Standing Order the tourism industry and Northern Ireland’s economy No. 9(7)). and ensuring that future St Patrick’sdays can be celebrated with great success. 255WH 17 MARCH 2020 Alcohol Harm 256WH

health advice, they might still send out a few helpful Westminster Hall messages to those stuck at home who may be tempted to drink more than is good for them. Many tips, many of them straightforward, have been Tuesday 17 March 2020 given over the years by organisations such as Drinkaware, whose work I commend, but perhaps not sufficiently [IAN PAISLEY in the Chair] widely promoted. This might be an opportunity to do that—for example, taking a non-alcoholic drink before Alcohol Harm an alcoholic one, having a glass of water by the side of the alcoholic drink, or trying alcohol-free drinks. Last 9.30 am year, here in Parliament, our all-party group hosted an Fiona Bruce (Congleton) (Con): I beg to move, alcohol-free drinks event attended by 60 colleagues. We That this House has considered tackling alcohol harm. had an enjoyable time—alcohol-free gin, champagne, It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, lager—[Interruption.] I am very aware that the hon. Mr Paisley. Member for Strangford (Jim Shannon) attended that event and it was indeed enjoyable.Weshould try alcohol-free I thank the Backbench Business Committee for allocating drinks and, as Drinkaware suggests, aim for two or time for this debate. The request for it was made some three alcohol-free days a week to rest the liver. six months ago, in the hope of it being granted in the run-up to Christmas or when many join in Dry January, To turn to the substance of the debate, 10 million but pressure on parliamentary time meant that it has people are drinking at levels that increase the risk of only just been granted. I appreciate that now we are in a health harm. very different time as regards health concerns. None the Mr Gregory Campbell (East Londonderry) (DUP): I less, alcohol harm is an ongoing and long-term concern congratulate the hon. Lady on this timely debate. Does not just for those who drink to excess but for their she agree that, in these exceptional circumstances, one families and wider society, and it will still be with us of our concerns over the coming weeks and months even after—as we hope—the coronavirus crisis is past. should be the massive reduction in social interaction? I thank the Minister for Care for stepping in to There will inevitably be a spike in the number of people respond to the debate at a time of great pressure for her drinking alcohol at home. Both Government and and the Department of Health and Social Care. I pay communities have to be aware of that to try and ensure tribute to the great leadership being provided by the people do so responsibly and not to significant excess, Prime Minister, the Secretary of State for Health and which may well happen in the coming weeks. Social Care, the other Health Ministers and all those Fiona Bruce: The hon. Gentleman has expressed far involved in leading on the exceptional and unprecedented more eloquently than I have exactly the issue that many crisis in our nation—thank you. will face. It is particularly interesting that the 55 to 64 age I appreciate that the current unprecedented situation group is one of the most at risk, with its excess drinking means that fewer colleagues are present for the debate. described by charities working in the field as a “national Many put down their names and intended to speak. I health disaster”. There is an opportunity here to gently—I thank those who are in attendance. One colleague asked am aware there is a lot of other stress—help people me to mention that she regrets being unable to be here: understand the implications of drinking to those levels. the hon. Member for East Kilbride, Strathaven and In the Green Paper published in July 2019, the Lesmahagow (Dr Cameron), who is chair of the recently Government said instituted all-party parliamentary group for the excellent “the harm caused by problem drinking is rising. 12 steps programme, which has made a difference in so Over 10 million people are drinking at levels above the official many people’s lives. guidelines and putting themselves at extra risk.” There are, and have been for a long time—as long as I Tragically, exactly the same thing was stated by Public have been in Parliament, which is now some 10 years— Health England in the third line of its 2016 evidence-based several all-party groups concerned with alcohol harm: review, “The Public Health Burden of Alcohol and the one under that name, one on foetal alcohol spectrum Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Alcohol Control disorder, another on the children of alcoholics, and the Policies”: drugs, alcohol and justice all-party group, and I am “there are currently over 10 million people drinking at levels delighted to see its secretariat in attendance today. which increase their risk of health harm”. Alcohol harm, therefore, is not a minority concern here It goes on to talk about in Parliament, as some may think. “1 million hospital admissions relating to alcohol each year”. Before I go on to talk about the concerns that many Interestingly enough, half of those occur in the lowest of us have about the impact of alcohol harm, this three socioeconomic areas. debate is in no way intended to denigrate the fact that “More working years of life are lost in England as a result of drinking responsibly and enjoying a drink is something alcohol-related deaths than from cancer of the lung, bronchus, that I and many others do. That is not what we are here trachea, colon, rectum, brain, pancreas, skin, ovary,kidney,stomach, to do today; we are here about drinking to excess, bladder and prostate, combined.” harming oneself and others. Sadly, several years on, we still do not have what I will come on to the speech that I had prepared, is very much needed: a distinct and discrete alcohol although that was before we found ourselves in these strategy—it could be better called an alcohol harm exceptional circumstances this morning, when the country strategy—to address the issue. I recommend the Health faces the prospect of many self-isolating for long periods. Minister to look at the alcohol charter, if she has not Even so, while Ministers in the Department of Health seen it, which was produced by some of our all-party focus on the crisis, over the coming weeks when giving parliamentary groups following the 2016 report and 257WH Alcohol Harm 17 MARCH 2020 Alcohol Harm 258WH

[Fiona Bruce] than now to remind ourselves that we should encourage help and the prevention of harm where we can, so that makes some suggestions as to what that strategy could our NHS staff, whom I thank in this time of crisis, can contain. They include tackling the increased availability treat those in health difficulties. of excessively cheap alcohol, empowering the public to Anyone who has been in an A&E on a Friday or make fully informed decisions about their drinking and Saturday night will not be surprised to hear that alcohol- providing adequate support for dependent and non- related incidents account for 25% of A&E work in dependent drinkers. England. Sir Ian Gilmore, who chairs the Alcohol Health If I had a main call today, it would be to ask that the Alliance—I thank them and commend their work informing Government produce an up-to-date alcohol strategy. the public and supporting parliamentarians—said The last one was produced in 2012 and it is out of date, “While A&E departments used to feel the impact on Saturday not only because of statistics—I am afraid I will bore nights, it’s now every night of the week”, colleagues with some more shortly—but also with reference and that to our approach to minimum unit pricing, which I will “The lack of a strategy is really harming the nation”. refer to later. English police spend more than half of their time Our relationship with alcohol is complex, and so are dealing with alcohol-related casework. its harms. Alcohol is embedded in our culture. Whether we are celebrating, had a tough day or need to reward Alcohol’s impact on families is stark: in England, ourselves, alcohol very often seems to play a role. It has about 200,000 children live with an alcohol-dependent become normalised. It is increasingly difficult to find a parent. I will speak a little about that, but I will first birthday card that does not wish an un-beer-lievable or commend the Government because when my hon. Friend gin-tastic birthday to someone, or makes another reference the Member for Winchester (Steve Brine) was Health to alcohol. Although our culture celebrates alcohol— Minister, he was very conscious of the issue and granted enjoyment in the right proportions is not a bad thing—we more than £6 million to help the children of alcoholics, are too silent about its harms. All too often, we stigmatise following a campaign run by colleagues in the House. people who are dealing with the consequences of harmful He rightly said: alcohol consumption, or leave them to cope with those “Alcohol abuse can tear lives apart, not only for the people consequences alone. trapped in the grip of an addiction but for their children, who are often robbed of the support, comfort and structure they need Most of us know a person or family affected by from their parents. harmful drinking. The statistics are, if I may say, sobering: I am committed to finding new ways to help families in the across the UK, more than 80 people a day die from midst of these heart-breaking situations.” alcohol-related causes. That figure is far higher in areas I would be interested to hear from the Minister about of poverty where people struggle to cope. Alcohol is progress on the pilot schemes in several local authorities, now the leading risk factor for death, ill-health and which I expect are now quite well developed, to help disability among 15 to 49-year-olds in England, and is children of alcoholic parents or carers, following his associated with around 40% of violent crime. In my initiative. local authority of Cheshire East, there were 185 alcohol- related deaths and 8,460 alcohol-related hospital admissions I have always found Health Ministers to be very in 2017. The number that sticks out the most, however, concerned about the issue, but one of the systemic is the number of people who do not get help: 88% of problems appears to be that the Home Office leads on dependent drinkers in Cheshire East are not in treatment alcohol strategy. That has to change. There is a lot of and do not get the support that they need. concern among Health Ministers and the Department of Health and Social Care about the issue, but we need John Howell (Henley) (Con): My hon. Friend said them to lead on it. that the effects of drinking alcohol were obvious, but Children of alcoholic parents or carers experience does she accept that for men trying to have a family, for real difficulties. They are twice as likely to experience example, the effects can lead to permanent difficulties difficulties at school, three times more likely to consider such as infertility, which is not always obvious? suicide, four times more likely to develop alcohol problems of their own, and five times more likely to develop Fiona Bruce: My hon. Friend makes an excellent eating disorders. I am pleased by the progress that I point. Having engaged on this subject for many years in have mentioned, but we still have a long way to go on this place, I thought that there was nothing that I did tackling harms. not know, but I did not know that, so I thank him for The Government are rightly excited about the positive drawing people’s attention to it. Similarly, it is of great impacts of alcohol care teams in hospitals, and I encourage concern that many people are unaware of the impact of them to go further and ensure that a team is embedded foetal alcohol syndrome, which arises from drinking in every hospital when time can be given to that. However, during pregnancy—we cannot emphasise enough the we know from listening to dependent drinkers that importance of not doing so. help in hospital needs to be complemented by help in Public Health England estimates that only one in five communities, if they are truly to be helped. dependent drinkers in England gets the right support. The loneliness agenda and social prescribing are That is sad because treatment, when obtained, can be important initiatives that need to include suitable provision very effective and good value for money. For every for dependent drinkers. Having attended an Alcoholics £1 spent, there is a societal benefit of £3. It does not Anonymous meeting as a guest, I was really impressed stop there, though. Alcohol not only impacts individuals, with the care and support that members of that AA but wider society and public services, costing NHS group gave one another. It was clearly proving very England £3.5 billion every year. There is no better time effective, but we need to do more. 259WH Alcohol Harm 17 MARCH 2020 Alcohol Harm 260WH

I thank Adrian Crossley, the head of addiction and Budget after Budget and as a result, in real terms, beer crime at the Centre for Social Justice, who is doing a lot duty is some 18% lower than in 2012, duty on spirits of work on alcohol treatment. He basically says that we and cider is 10% lower and duty on wines 2% lower. We have to assign funding to each local authority in accordance all know that the price of something has an impact on with locally recognised need. I know that this is an whether we will buy it, and alcohol is no exception; as I unpopular term, but we must ring-fence it so that it say, Public Health England said price was the number really can make a difference. one factor in determining how much alcohol is bought. We must also develop the Government’s promised Alcohol has become dramatically more affordable addiction strategy to ensure that there are wrap-around in the past 30 years. The affordability of beer in the services to help to stabilise and then promote lasting off-trade has more than tripled in real terms since 1987 recovery—particularly the family support that is needed and off-trade wine and spirits are 163% more affordable. for the 200,000 children in England who are living with One of the most targeted approaches to addressing the an alcohol dependent parents. Those are important price of the cheapest alcohol is minimum unit pricing. I initiatives. There is no wrong door to accessing the most urge the Minister to look at it again. appropriate services, but we need to join them up—whether Minimum unit pricing, as the name suggests, sets a they are local family services, voluntary groups or mental price below which alcohol cannot be sold. In Scotland, health support. which introduced minimum unit pricing two years ago, If I may, Mr Paisley, I will take a little longer than it is currently 50p. That means that a pint of beer normal to make my speech, because there are not too containing two units of alcohol—for the record, as many colleagues present. I was disappointed in the many here will know,the chief medical officer’s suggestion Chancellor’s view on alcohol duty in the recent Budget. for sensible and moderate drinking is 14 units a week— I thank him for providing £2.5 million towards the cannot be sold for less than a pound. development of family hubs in local areas. Such hubs are one-stop-shops where people will be able to go—several Minimum unit pricing would have hardly any effect are up and running in the country now—for joined-up on pubs and restaurants, where the vast majority of services from local health providers, local authorities alcohol is sold at more than 50p per unit. Instead, it is and voluntary groups. highly targeted at the cheapest products that cause the most harm, such as white cider and super-strength People can go to such hubs with any issue that relates cheap lager. If the Minister cares to look, I introduced to their family life. One of those issues should, and the Alcohol (Minimum Pricing) (England) Bill in 2018, hopefully will, be addiction. Sadly, many families do so there is one oven ready if the Government would like not come forward for help. They are ashamed of the to take it up. stigma, are soaked in a culture that celebrates the products that often blight their lives, and carry a burden that is One reason the Government did not take it up was often unrecognised and unsupported. We need more that they said they wanted more evidence that MUP accessible, practical support for families. would work. I remember the Chancellor saying that we would await the outcome in Scotland. As I say, two We need to remember, too, that the harms from years since Scotland implemented MUP, the evidence is alcohol do not fall evenly across the UK. The burden very encouraging. Consumption fell by 3.6% in Scotland falls most heavily on poorer communities. The north of in the year after MUP was implemented. During the England, for example, has significantly higher rates of same period, it rose by 3.2% in England and Wales. The alcohol-related deaths than London or the south-east. I important thing is that the fall in consumption appears am delighted that this one nation Conservative Government to have occurred particularly among those consuming are committed to reducing inequalities and levelling up the most alcohol, who are most at risk, and it seems to across the country, but, as I have mentioned in this have been in the high-strength, dangerous drinks of the House before, we will not be able to do that simply by sort that I mentioned that consumption has fallen. repairing physical infrastructure such as roads and bridges. We need to create stronger, healthier communities and Wales has decided to follow Scotland’s lead and is families, and one of the ways we can do that is by implementing MUP this month. Following the evidence, tackling alcohol harm. these are the statistics. Again, I apologise to colleagues for more statistics. In England, a 50p MUP is predicted The figures I have mentioned demonstrate that alcohol to save 525 lives and prevent over 22,000 hospital admissions presents a grave public health challenge. Without question, and 36,000 crimes annually when at full effect. The we need a paradigm shift. Tackling alcohol-related harm evidence is clear, we need to act without delay and needs to become a fundamental policy priority.Regulation implement MUP in England. It was interesting that the certainly plays a part in shifting behaviour on a personal 2012 alcohol strategy referred to this very positively. I level, as we have seen over the past few years with refer the Minister to the foreword by the then Prime tobacco; I commend parliamentarians who took a lead Minister: on that. As we have seen there, the Government can create an environment that enables us to make informed “We are not rejecting MUP, merely delaying it until we choices and lead healthier, happier lives. have conclusive evidence it will be effective”. I will now focus on price. Why? Because the 2016 Will the Ministers look again at MUP and the evidence report from Public Health England concluded: following Scotland? “Policies that reduce the affordability of alcohol are the most The duty escalator which was in place between 2008 effective” and 2012 increased alcohol duty by 2% every year. The policies in health treatment. Yet, over the past few years result was that alcohol-related deaths fell while it was in since then, and even before then, quite the opposite has place. They have started to rise again since it has been occurred. Alcohol duty rates have been cut or frozen in abolished. Last week, the Chancellor announced in this 261WH Alcohol Harm 17 MARCH 2020 Alcohol Harm 262WH

[Fiona Bruce] involved in a joint event with the all-party parliamentary group on obesity some years ago. It was remarkable. year’s Budget alcohol duty will be frozen across the Evidence was given that when people drink with a meal board. In real terms, this means a cut. It will lower the and are perhaps not as thoughtful about what they are price of alcohol. All decisions present trade-offs. eating, the overall increase in calorific consumption can While I appreciate the desire to support our local be 400 in that meal alone. It is time to look again at industry of pubs and brewers, I want to reflect on the alcohol harm. Alcohol containers should, like any other impact of this decision on health. Research from the food and drink container, have to display ingredients, University of Sheffield—I am sure the Minister’s staff nutrients and calories. They should display the CMO’s will look at the report, because it is commendable—has guidelines and warnings that exceeding this amount shown that changes in alcohol duty since 2012 have led could damage one’s health. We can no longer ignore the to nearly 2,000 additional deaths and 61,000 hospital harm caused to our society, communities, constituents, admissions in England. There was an enormous human families and friends by alcohol. cost, but also a strain on public services by adding an estimated £317 million to NHS England’s bill. It is 10.1 am estimated the duty changes could have cost England’s Kenny MacAskill (East Lothian) (SNP): I thank the businesses as much as £58 million in lost working days hon. Member for Congleton (Fiona Bruce) for introducing since 2012. this debate, and you the Chair for allowing it, Mr Paisley. Increasing alcohol duty also raises urgently needed There is a perennial and universal issue across the UK revenue. Considering the impact of the current cuts and Ireland. No nation or region is exempt. Policies alongside all changes to duty policies since 2012, in this may differ, but the challenges remain the same. I declare year, 2019-20, the Government are losing out on nearly that I sit on the commission on alcohol harm. Presumably £1.3 billion in forgone revenue. That is enough money my past experience as Scottish Justice Secretary in to pay the salaries of more than 40,000 nurses. By invoking legislation on alcohol, including kicking off 2024-25, the cumulative costs of these cuts will be minimum unit pricing—as opposed to past indiscretions £13 billion. of which I am less proud—have allowed me some focus. While the budget focused on supporting pubs, I do We must consider how alcohol harm comes about. not believe that cutting duty will be that helpful for The papers available to me as a result of sitting on the them. Ending the alcohol duty escalator after 2012 and commission on alcohol harm have been revelatory to the subsequent duty cuts and freezes have not made a me, even as somebody who served for seven and a half measurable difference to the rate of pub closures. This years as Justice Secretary and has been aware of the reflects the experiences of those working in the pub harm across huge swathes of our society, as correctly trade. Nearly 90% of publicans in the north-east said pointed out by the hon. Member for Congleton. The that duty cuts have not had a positive effect on their testimony from children in particular—those who have business. Less than 5% felt that alcohol taxes were the grown up in families with alcohol-dependent parents main cause of pub closures, while a majority thought and where other siblings have been affected by other that cheap alcohol from supermarkets and off-licences issues—is quite distressing, to say the least. For that was to blame. reason, we require a reaction. Before I end, I want to address alcohol labelling. If I have a personal interest too. Bus passes are issued to we want to create an environment in which people are people at a lower age in Scotland than elsewhere in the supported to make informed choices to live healthier, UK. I went to two funerals lately of friends with whom happier lives, we need to make sure they have all the I grew up, neither of whom lived long enough to get information they need. At the moment, people do not their bus pass. Both of them succumbed to alcohol. get it. We have more information on a pint of milk than Nobody sets out to succumb to alcohol and die as a when buying alcohol. It is no surprise that only one in result of it. In the case of those two close friends, it five people know that the chief medical officers commend happened because they had underlying issues. They us not to drink more than 14 units a week, but the were lost souls and had problems, and indeed had public wants to know this information. Research from suffered themselves. It was a tragedy, and they deserve the Alcohol Health Alliance found that more than our sympathy every bit as much as anybody else who 70% of people support warnings that exceeding the dies from any other aspect. The issues remain universal, drinking guidelines can harm one’s health. I put down and how we tackle them. It is about affordability,availability, an EDM on this last June. It is interesting that it and advertising. garnered support from 20 colleagues. It stated that two I am certain, through my experience of seven and a and a half years after the chief medical officer’s guidelines half years, that more education alone will not work. of 14 units per week for low-risk drinking were published: That was stated by someone in the alcohol industry “a survey of 320 products found that two-thirds of alcohol labels when I first went into office. Someone said, “What we still displayed the old guidelines; … that the pregnancy logo and need is to educate people better.” That is utter nonsense. number of units are not legally required to be shown on labels”. We have been doing that throughout my lifetime. Do we Webelieve they should be and there is a lack of information need to educate better? For sure we do. The idea that we generally on alcohol labels compared with other food will be able to tackle the problem in our society simply and drink labels. Will the Government look again at through better education or greater awareness is not labelling and make the information on alcohol products capable of being sustained. Action needs to be taken. mandatory? The public want to know more. It is not As the hon. Member for Congleton correctly said, that just that alcohol increases health risks and that therefore does not mean that one needs to be a prohibitionist. I information on alcohol content is wanted, but that they most certainly am not, and I enjoy a drink along with are actually interested in the calorific content. I was my friends and indeed my family.Alcohol is an important 263WH Alcohol Harm 17 MARCH 2020 Alcohol Harm 264WH part of our economy, and an important lubricant within 10.8 am wider social aspects.As hon. Members said in interventions, it will be affecting how our people deal with matters. It John Howell (Henley) (Con): It is a pleasure to serve cannot simply be a matter of prohibition. under your chairmanship, Mr Paisley, and to follow my two colleagues, my hon. Friend the Member for Congleton Affordability is key.Minimum unit pricing is important, (Fiona Bruce) and the hon. Member for East Lothian and David Cameron supported it when I introduced it (Kenny MacAskill), who have done us a great service by in Scotland. England and Wales should take it on looking at the underlying causes of alcohol consumption board, and Wales, to its credit, is looking at that. and its role in society. Those very important factors Equally, it has to be borne in mind that minimum unit need to be taken into account. pricing was never meant to be a stand-alone policy; it I totally agree with the hon. Member for East Lothian was meant to tie in with other tax regimes, and that that education on its own will not solve the problem. A means other fiscal and tax charges. Weneed the proverbial much bigger attack on the whole way we drink, and the belt and braces. Scotland cannot deliver all it wants reasons why, is required. My hon. Friend the Member through MUP without being able to control the excise for Congleton raised a number of those, particularly duty, so there has to be action on that. While I support pointing out people’s need for alcohol when they are steps to protect the Scotch whisky industry from actions lonely, and we should look at that in more detail. Public and levies imposed in the United States of America, I Health England states that between the ages of 15 and am disappointed that we have not seen a continuation 49, alcohol is the leading risk factor for ill health. It also of the increase to tackle it hard here. pointed out that working years of life lost would be However, this is about not just affordability but saved as a result if this situation were to end. availability. I am always reminded of John Carnochan, I raise two issues in particular—one about drink-driving the head of our violence reduction unit, who talked and another relating to pregnancy. I absolutely support about alcohol problems in our peripheral housing schemes. the coronavirus strategy.In 2014, there were 240 fatalities He made the point that if he wanted a haircut, he went as a result of alcohol. That has to be set against the to the barber, and if he wanted new shoes, he went to a number of fatalities at the moment from the coronavirus. shoe shop, so why, if he wanted alcohol, could he go to Getting some perspective on this is essential to tackling virtually any shop? Within 500 metres of where I live, in the disease. I would certainly like to see a lower limit for both London and Edinburgh, people can go out of drink-driving. There has been some success in curbing their front door to anything upward of 40 outlets that drink-driving, but I do not think it has been enough. It sell alcohol on or off-trade. The likelihood is that as a still accounts for a large amount of hospital admissions result of coronavirus, there may be a cull of the on-trade and difficulties in that area. outlets, but the off-trade outlets will remain, and that is There is an important point relating to pregnancy. where the significant problem has grown. In my lifetime, There is a tremendous amount of advice for a woman off-sales have gone up massively and the on-sale trade who is looking to become pregnant or is pregnant, but has declined massively. That is an issue, because alcohol pregnancy does not arise from just one person, it arises consumption is a learned pattern. People need others from a couple, and there needs to be equal concentration there who encourage them to moderate their drinking on the result of drinking alcohol for the man as well as and make it a social pastime, as opposed to them the woman. perhaps sitting at home consuming to excess. That is why even in Scotland, action has to be taken to restrict We know that drinking during pregnancy can lead to availability. There are far too many off-sale outlets. We lifelong physical, behavioural and cognitive disabilities need to encourage licensing boards not to issue licences for the child. My hon. Friend the Member for Congleton and, where there is over-provision, to ensure that that mentioned foetal alcohol syndrome as a sign that a does not happen. woman has drunk too much during pregnancy. Of course, binge drinking is the great no-no. A long list of Equally, there is the question of advertising. For difficulties occur as a result, but I will not go into them alcohol, it is becoming almost subliminal. The evidence into them all here; a number of speakers have already coming through from young people giving testimony to gone into that. the harms commissioner is clear: they view alcohol However, the important question is when to advise a almost as another product, but it is not. We enjoy it and woman to stop drinking altogether, since that is the benefit from it, and our economy even requires it, but it advice of the medical establishment in this area. There is not another product—it is a licensed drug. Therefore, is a very good indication that she should stop when she how we make it available and allow it to be advertised is intends to get pregnant, rather than when she is pregnant. fundamental. We are taking action as a society to There can be a fairly long period between someone ensure that we restrict smoking so that it is no longer intending to get pregnant and knowing that they are the cool thing to do. We need to do likewise with pregnant, which reinforces the value of that. alcohol, because the advertising at sporting events has most certainly had a detrimental impact. I mentioned that the role of the man needs to be taken into account, and I repeat that the ability of a I welcome the steps that the Minister has taken. I man to stay off alcohol when wanting to create a family look forward to further action from her and the UK is essential. I pointed out that a long-term risk is that Government, but it is also fair to say that those in the alcohol increases the risk of infertility. There are issues devolved Administrations also have to take action, because here that we need to take into account. We need to we are on a journey. We cannot stay as we are. The harm provide much wider advice to reinforce that. The short-term is too great and further action is needed. To sum up, this risks of alcohol fall on men, but the long-term risks of cannot simply be about education; we need to tackle alcohol fall on women. Understanding that is a helpful affordability, availability and advertising. way of approaching this for the future. 265WH Alcohol Harm 17 MARCH 2020 Alcohol Harm 266WH

Ian Paisley (in the Chair): I have two Members left to research finds that between 25% and 50% of perpetrators call. Before I call the next, I ask them to bear it in mind of domestic abuse have been drinking at the time of the that I would like to call the first Opposition spokesperson assault. The figure is as high as 73% in some studies. I at 10.30 am. That gives each speaker about seven minutes concur with what my hon. Friend the Member for East each, if that is sufficient, but I will not set a formal time Londonderry (Mr Campbell) said in reference to the limit. coronavirus and the steps that the Government have taken. I welcome what the Government have done and 10.14 am urge everyone everywhere to focus on the directions and rules laid down by the Prime Minister and the Government. Jim Shannon (Strangford) (DUP): It is a real pleasure As my hon. Friend said, if there is no sport or social to serve under your chairmanship, Mr Paisley, and to interaction during the coronavirus outbreak, people debate this matter with the hon. Member for Congleton will be at home—perhaps for 24 hours a day, if they are (Fiona Bruce). I am always inspired by her compassion struck down with the virus. There is potential for all and her devotion to doing all she can to make her sorts of problems and, let us be honest, people will constituency and the nation a better place to live. That probably go to the off-licence—or someone will go for always encourages me and encourages all of us. them—and buy drink in. They will consume alcohol at I am also pleased to stand with the hon. Lady on home. I am not a prophet, nor the son of a prophet, but many things; I do not think there is anything that she I can see great potential for issues to arise from that. and I disagree on—not that I am aware of anyway. We It is for that reason that I support the calls by the are kindred spirits across political parties. We may have Alcohol Health Alliance UK for minimum pricing. In different opinions on the politics, but not on the its words: constitutional issues and certainly not on what we want for society. “The cheaper alcohol is, the more people drink, and the more harm is caused. One of the reasons why alcohol harm has been I am a great believer in all things in moderation. rising is because alcohol has become much more affordable over … Since becoming a type 2 diabetic I have realised that the the last few decades. It is possible to buy a bottle of cider, containing the same amount of alcohol as 19 shots of vodka, for key to my continued health lies in my ability to eat in as little as £3.70.” moderation. It took me many years to realise that. The issue with alcohol is that many people struggle That is someone’s high for under a fiver. The alliance for moderation, just as I used to struggle with sweet states: food—two bottles of Coca-Cola with a Chinese takeaway “The most effective policy to tackle such cheap high-strength from Davy Lee’s in Newtownards, five nights a week. In drinks is minimum unit pricing (MUP). By setting a floor price addition to that, there was the stress issue. I was probably linked to the amount of alcohol in a product, MUP targets the Davy Lee’s best customer. Now I have a meal from there cheapest drinks which are linked to the most harm, while having once in three months, at most, and it is “no Coke here”. minimal impact on moderate drinkers or on pub and restaurant I have no sweet drinks whatsoever. prices. MUP was introduced in Scotland in 2018 and in Wales in The issue of alcohol-related harm is not ring-fenced March 2020. The early evidence from Scotland is very encouraging”. for people with alcoholism, or any specific age group. It is a UK-wide problem across classes, genders and race, I often look to Scotland for the direction it is taking on and we need a better way to address it. We look to the health issues. Particularly in this case it has shown what Minister for a helpful response.I concur with the comments the rest of us can do. The alliance says that of those who have spoken—and probably those who “off-trade alcohol sales fell by 3.6% in the year following MUP; in will speak after me—in that we need to address the issue England and Wales, they rose by 3.2% over the same time. The not only in England but in Scotland, Wales and Northern minister of health in the Republic of Ireland has recently written Ireland, from where I have got my statistics and information. to the Northern Irish executive regarding implementing MUP on both sides of the border”. Across the United Kingdom, 80 people a day die because of alcohol, and that statistic has to change. In I fully support that, and I urge the Northern Assembly Northern Ireland there were more than 11,000 hospital to take that action and to do it as soon as possible. admissions due to alcohol in 2016-17. Across the UK It is essential that Northern Ireland, the part of the 33 people a day are diagnosed with an alcohol-related United Kingdom with the second highest rate of alcohol- cancer. There is a high cost to those numbers, and it is specific deaths, is not left behind. I want to see minimum not only medical and physical; it is emotional and unit pricing in Northern Ireland. For the protection of affects families. Healthcare costs associated with alcohol health in my country, I stand by these calls, Mr Paisley, in Northern Ireland are estimated at £122 million, and as I know you will, too, and I urge the Minister to alcohol is strongly linked to health inequalities there. consider how we can help to minimise alcohol harm We can see that it is, in our offices and advice centres. without adversely affecting our hospitality sector, which The rate of alcohol-specific deaths is more than three is vital. If people drink in moderation, that is okay, but times higher in Northern Ireland’s most deprived areas we are talking about those people who do not do it in than in its least deprived areas. I see that in my office moderation. That is why this debate is so important. every day, as I am sure you do, Mr Paisley. I see families who are broken by alcohol, by verbal and physical I look forward to hearing the Minister’s response and exchanges, by the effect on children, by abuse, marriage I thank the hon. Member for Congleton again for break-up, despair and sadness. bringing this matter forward. Her desire to help to make homes and communities stronger and happier by reducing Shockingly, alcohol is involved in 40% of violent the harm caused by alcohol is something that is close crime in Northern Ireland. I understand that the relationship to my heart, close to my chest and close to the person between alcohol and domestic violence is complex, but that I am. 267WH Alcohol Harm 17 MARCH 2020 Alcohol Harm 268WH

10.20 am people drinking; that is a personal choice. It is about ensuring that the odds are not stacked against people Liz Twist (Blaydon) (Lab): It is a pleasure to speak in who may find it difficult not to drink to excess. this debate. I wanted to take part in it because alcohol harm has been a live issue in Gateshead and the rest of the north-east for a long while. Across Gateshead, 10.25 am which covers my community, the admission rate for alcohol-related conditions in 2010-11 was 817 per 100,000, Patricia Gibson (North Ayrshire and Arran) (SNP): I compared with 643 for England as a whole. However, am pleased to be participating in this debate. I begin by when we look at 2018-19, the latest year for which we paying tribute to the hon. Member for Congleton (Fiona have figures, we see that the rate had increased by 28% Bruce) for giving us a very thoughtful and comprehensive compared with an all-England increase of 3%. Admission opening to the debate. I begin also by saying that people rates for alcohol-related conditions now stand at 1,045 have mentioned the effect of being isolated at home per 100,000 for Gateshead, compared with 664 per because of the coronavirus and that it is worth bearing 100,000 across England. in mind, as we go through this crisis, that drinking alcohol lowers the body’s immunity. I will talk specifically about minimum unit pricing, as other colleagues have done. Sheffield University research We have heard a lot today about the damage of shows that if there was a minimum unit price of 50p per alcohol over-consumption. The cost to our families, our unit, there could be 8,000 fewer deaths, 14,000 fewer communities and ourselves is almost incalculable. It hospital admissions and 21,000 fewer crimes related to cannot be counted in pounds and pence, although very alcohol consumption every year. The impact of minimum often we are forced to do that, for practical reasons. unit pricing would be greatest in the most deprived Alcohol abuse leads people to lose their homes, families areas, even though—this point is really important—people and jobs. There is a cost in hospital admissions, perhaps in those communities do not necessarily consume larger on numerous occasions, and people may even end up amounts of alcohol. Nevertheless, nine out of 10 alcohol- encountering the criminal justice system. Victims of related deaths in those areas could be prevented. alcohol abuse become economically inactive. They often I will also say a little about the impact of pubs, become absent parents. The damage to mental health because most Members will have been lobbied very and physical and emotional wellbeing is profound. strongly by constituents, as I have been, as part of the I remember standing in this Chamber a couple of Long Live the Local campaign, especially in the run-up years ago to speak on alcohol abuse. A number of us to the Budget. I agree with the idea behind Long Live involved in that debate were willing to admit that we the Local. In fact, I will declare an interest, as a community came from homes with an alcoholic parent. My father shareholder in the community pub in the village where I was by all accounts an alcoholic, although I never knew live, Ye Olde Cross; we won an award recently for saving him, as he died when I was 15 months old—he was very our pub. However, having made that plug, pubs seriously much helped on his way by alcohol. The damage to my have an important role to play in the community. family was not insignificant. My husband’s father was Evidence already mentioned by the hon. Member for also an alcoholic and died because of the demon drink. Congleton (Fiona Bruce) shows that minimum unit These stories are not unusual; in fact, they are far too pricing would have little impact on pubs, as the minimum common. Almost every person we meet has a family unit price is aimed at the strongest and the cheapest member or knows someone who is an alcoholic. That is alcohol. Across the UK as a whole and more specifically very sad, but it is a fact of life. However, that does not across the north-east of England, where my constituency mean that we cannot turn things around. It does not is, 48% of pub managers support minimum unit pricing, mean there are not measures that we can take and, in because they are competing with cheap, shop-bought Scotland’scase, have already taken to combat this problem. alcohol that is consumed at home or while people are There is no silver bullet, but much can be done to out and about. mitigate the harmful grip that alcohol has on our I want to be clear that to resolve this issue, we should communities. In the round, a number of measures can not simply point the finger at individuals; this is a be taken. public health issue and it must be tackled as such. For In Scotland, 686 hospital admissions and 22 deaths many people, it is linked to poverty, poor social conditions every week are due to alcohol. In 2018, the figure for and lack of opportunity, so we need to take a holistic alcohol-specific deaths was 1,136. In 2018-19, there approach to resolving it, and minimum unit pricing is were 35,685 alcohol-related hospital admissions in general one element of that approach. acute hospitals. Worryingly, hospital admissions are I am sure that the Minister knows what I am about to still more than four times higher than the level seen in say—we need to restore public health funding. We also the 1980s. Clearly, in Scotland, we could not simply need to ensure that public health directors know what shrug our shoulders and tolerate that. We tried to turn their funding is, so that they can provide the appropriate the situation around. I am pleased that the SNP services, as a matter of urgency. Government chose to use the powers at their disposal to As other Members have said, minimum unit pricing tackle the level of alcohol harm suffered by our must be part of a wider strategy. I urge the Minister to communities, at great cost to those communities, on consider minimum unit pricing as an important part of every single measure. that strategy along with marketing, which makes alcohol The hon. Member for Congleton pointed out the more attractive. need for England to have a revised or updated alcohol I thank colleagues at Balance North East for their strategy, and she is correct to say so, as the current one research and for working with me on this issue. I also is out of date. Indeed, the Scottish Government updated want to say that this is not about completely stopping their own alcohol strategy in 2018. 269WH Alcohol Harm 17 MARCH 2020 Alcohol Harm 270WH

[Patricia Gibson] When it comes to the strongest drinks on the market, in England we can buy cider for 18p, lager for 23p, I could stand here today and talk about the fact vodka for 36p and wine for 38p—I am talking about that the Scottish Government have invested almost units, not bottles. Minimum unit pricing was introduced £800 million to tackle alcohol harm and drug use since in 2018 in Scotland. Shamefully, the policy was delayed 2008 and will allocate a further £95 million next year to for several years as the alcohol industry dragged it reduce the harms caused by alcohol and drugs. I could through every court it could find to stop it or delay its mention—indeed, I have already alluded to—the Scottish implementation for as long as possible. Studies indicated Government’s alcohol framework setting out 20 actions that there would be around 121 fewer deaths a year as a that build on existing measures to change Scotland’s result, and there would be a fall in hospital admissions relationship with alcohol. I could even mention the of just over 2,000 a year by the end of year 20 of the legislation introduced by the Scottish Government to policy. ban irresponsible alcohol promotions,such as the multi-buy discounts in supermarkets. It gives me no pleasure to say that the initiative sadly met more blocks during its passage through the Scottish Parliament, as opposition parties opposed it purely on Jim Shannon: Will the hon. Lady give way? the basis that nothing the SNP Government introduced could ever be supported. Although that is the usual Patricia Gibson: I am worried about time, so I will response to any SNP policy in the Scottish Parliament, press on, if that is okay. eventually the Tories abandoned their absurd opposition. That legislation was associated with a 2.6% reduction Labour, however, simply could not bring itself to do so in consumption in the 12-month period following its because it was an SNP initiative. The Labour party introduction from October 2011. The hon. Member for argued and argued against it and grew more ridiculous Henley (John Howell) might be interested to know that with every word. In the end, unable to support it even in in 2014 Scotland reduced the legal alcohol limit for the face of overwhelming evidence that it would be a drivers from 80 mg to 50 mg in every 100 ml of blood. key weapon in the battle against alcohol harm, Labour That reduction has not been made in the rest of the contented itself with abstaining on the issue. I know UK, which, apart from Scotland, currently has the joint that many Labour MPs from other parts of the UK highest levels in Europe that are permitted for driving. I looked on at their Labour colleagues with bewilderment could mention a whole range of measures— at what was going on—not for the first time, and probably not for the last. Willingness to put narrow party politics before public health is one of several Ian Paisley (in the Chair): The hon. Lady has another reasons why the Labour party in Scotland is completely six minutes. She does not need to feel that she is rushed. adrift. Some issues go far beyond party political lines. Patricia Gibson: Okay. I will give way briefly. The evaluation of the first year of alcohol minimum pricing has been very promising. As the first country in Jim Shannon: I compliment the hon. Lady and the world to introduce such a measure, we saw off-trade particularly the Scottish Parliament on what they are sales per adult in Scotland fall by 3.6% in the first year doing. The hon. Lady has outlined a blueprint for the after implementation. In the same period in England, whole of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and there was a rise of 3.2%. There was an 18.6% fall in Northern Ireland. We should all take note of it and let it off-trade cider sales per adult in Scotland in the year be our blueprint for Northern Ireland, Wales and England. following minimum pricing, and an 8.2% rise in sales in England and Wales. There is still more to do, and there can be absolutely no complacency. Patricia Gibson: I thank the hon. Gentleman for his comments. As I will go on to say, there is no room for A 50p per unit price provides a proportionate response complacency in any part of the United Kingdom. There to tackle higher-risk alcohol use. We know there is a are things that work that every part of the United proven link between consumption and harm, and that Kingdom should implement, and the UK should continue minimum unit pricing is the most effective and efficient to review them to see how the measures can be improved. way to tackle the cheap, high-strength alcohol that causes so much harm. Going back to the comments All the measures that have been taken, on their own made by my hon. Friend the Member for East Lothian, merits and collectively, represent real action and the World Health Organisation said that tobacco education commitment to dealing with the scourge of alcohol on was not, and could not be, as effective as regulation and our communities. Many of them were set out by my Government action. We need to remember that when hon. Friend the Member for East Lothian (Kenny we seek to tackle alcohol harm. MacAskill), who has significant insight into the issue from his role as Cabinet Secretary for Justice in the People in Scotland still buy 9% more alcohol per Scottish Government. There has been broad agreement head than those in England and Wales, but that gap is today that minimum unit pricing for alcohol is the closing because of growing sales of alcohol in England single most significant action that can be taken to tackle and Wales last year. A 50p minimum unit price is no alcohol harm, as we have seen in Scotland, but it is not a longer sufficient, because after it was brought in in silver bullet. Nothing is, and nothing ever will be. As my 2012, the implementation of the policy was delayed by hon. Friend the Member for East Lothian reminded us, court action for years after the 50p level was set. It is it is part of a package of measures and must be seen in time to explore raising that unit price to 60p, because it that context. I urge the Minister to emulate that measure has to be set at a level where it is effective; it is not there in England in order to benefit the communities that for some kind of virtue signalling. A 60p minimum unit many Members in this Chamber represent. price seems reasonable to me. 271WH Alcohol Harm 17 MARCH 2020 Alcohol Harm 272WH

I urge the Minister to carefully examine the action at a record high, having risen by 44% over the past that has been taken in Scotland to tackle alcohol harm. decade. In 2018, there were 1.1 million admissions to It is a basic economic fact that if the price goes up, hospital related to alcohol use. Every day, 33 people are consumption goes down, and if the price goes down, diagnosed with one of seven types of alcohol-related consumption goes up; it is not rocket science. There are cancer, and liver disease is a major and increasing cause no silver bullets for tackling this issue, but there is some of death. It causes about 2% of all deaths in the UK good practice in Scotland. Scotland, as well as England, every year, having increased by a shocking 400% since has to build on what we already know and what we are 1970. already doing. I urge the Minister to emulate this practice Those numbers come at a high cost. Alcohol costs for the good of the families and the communities who NHS England £3.5 billion annually, and 25% of A&E live with this scourge every day, and who need action. workers’time is spent dealing with alcohol-related incidents. It is also reckoned to cost the economy £1.2 billion to 10.36 am £1.4 billion annually. In total, over 10 million in the UK consume more than the recommended levels of alcohol. Justin Madders (Ellesmere Port and Neston) (Lab): It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Mr Paisley, As we heard, 2 million people have an alcohol-dependent and I congratulate the hon. Member for Congleton parent; at least 200,000 children live with at least one (Fiona Bruce) on having secured this debate. It is always alcohol-dependent adult. According to the Children’s a pleasure to hear from a fellow Cheshire MP, and she Society, parental alcohol abuse damages the lives of introduced the subject extremely well. She was right to 700,000 teenagers across the UK. More than 4,000 children say that this is an extraordinary time, but when we a year contact Childline with concerns about their parents’ hopefully get through the current crisis, the issue of alcohol use—it is the most common reason for children alcohol harm will still need to be tackled. She was also to call about their parents. We know from previous right to say that as we face this crisis, there is an debates about the adverse childhood experiences of growing increased risk that long periods of self-isolation will up with a parent with alcohol or substance misuse, which lead to excessive drinking. I know there is tremendous can have lasting, and sometimes devastating, impacts pressure on the Department at the moment, but I hope on children. We hear about them having to fend for that important point will be considered. The hon. Lady themselves, when they have no option but to take on as has also described the importance of integrating the best they can the adult responsibilities foisted upon them. loneliness and social prescribing agenda into alcohol Children themselves may get into a similar spiral. support strategies. One in three diagnosed mental health conditions in We also heard from the hon. Member for East Lothian adults is known to directly relate to adverse childhood (Kenny MacAskill), who brought his own experience to experiences. The World Health Organisation outlines a bear on this matter. He was clear that affordability, cycle of violence, because alcohol and substance misuse availability and advertising are the key ways in which to impacts on children’s lives, with a devastating impact on tackle this issue, and that education on its own is not their adulthood. enough; he was also right to identify off-sales as a trend My hon. Friend the Member for Leicester South that needs looking at. The hon. Member for Henley (Jonathan Ashworth) has campaigned passionately on (John Howell) made some interesting points about drink- these issues; he is clear that alcohol addiction is a public drive limits and also raised the issue of drinking before health issue and is strongly linked to health inequalities conception—before the period of pregnancy—which in England. The rate of alcohol-specific deaths is more we do not talk enough about at the moment. As always, than double in the most deprived areas compared with we heard from the hon. Member for Strangford (Jim the least. Tackling alcohol harm is a key route to Shannon), who discussed in detail the history of his increase the health of our nation, to reduce health eating habits, raising an important point about moderation inequalities and to reduce pressure on our public services. and controlling temptation that can be applied equally That means investment in those services,focus on prevention to this area. He also clearly highlighted the social and challenging the wider circumstances and social difficulties caused by excessive alcohol consumption. determinants of ill health, including addiction. Westruggle We also heard from my hon. Friend the Member for with that at the moment, because alcohol services continue Blaydon (Liz Twist), who spoke mainly about minimum to be cut because of public health spending reductions unit pricing. She talked about the benefits that the of around £700 million, including addiction services cut University of Sheffield’s study demonstrated such pricing by £162 million. That has an impact; we heard from my could create, and made the interesting point that 48% of hon. Friend the Member for Blaydon that local authorities publicans support minimum unit pricing, which we do still do not know their public health allocation for next not always appreciate. She was also right that a holistic year, despite it coming into force in two weeks’ time. approach needs to be taken to alcohol harm, which is a We must fund alcohol treatment services fully; the point that most Members touched on to some extent. hon. Member for Congleton highlighted that 88% of Every year, thousands of people die because of alcohol those who need services in Cheshire East are not getting consumption and many more people are harmed. This that support. Unless we take this issue seriously, that is an issue that goes beyond the individual and affects figure will not improve. the whole of society, including their family and their I want to say a few words about workforce. Whenever whole community. The statistics we have heard this we talk about health issues, there are always workforce morning are shocking, and I make no apologies for implications. The number of training posts in addiction repeating some of them, because they are worth repeating. psychiatry has decreased by 60% since 2006. In 2017, Alcohol is the leading risk factor for death for 15 to the Royal College of Psychiatrists census found that the 49-year-olds in England, and eight people die every day NHS had 20% fewer consultant addiction psychiatrist due to alcohol. Alcohol-related hospital admissions are posts than four years previously. Obviously, that has an 273WH Alcohol Harm 17 MARCH 2020 Alcohol Harm 274WH

[Justin Madders] Fiona Bruce: I thank the Minister for giving way and for stepping in to respond to the debate. She said that impact on frontline staff, and there is less one-to-one most people drink responsibly, but Drinkaware’s statistics, client contact, which is vital. Wemust improve co-ordination which are very worrying, show that 49% of men are and partnership working with mental health services. classified as increasing or higher risk drinkers compared Too many people who experience addiction problems with 31% of women. That is a very high percentage. also experience mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety or schizophrenia. Yet just one in four people Helen Whately: As I said, I fully appreciate and with a diagnosed mental health problem in substance respect my hon. Friend for the huge amount of work treatment also receives mental health treatment. We that she does to urge us to recognise the harmful effects have talked many times about the need for mental alcohol can have. health to get parity of esteem. We know that alcohol misuse can have an impact on The Government’s alcohol strategy in 2012 devoted hospital care and demand. It contributes to a wide just two paragraphs to recognising the link between range of conditions including cardiovascular disease, co-morbidities of alcohol problems and mental health. cancer and liver disease, as well as accidents, violence That simply is not good enough. Dual diagnosis must and self-harm. Some 12% to 15% of A&E attendances be the expectation, not the exception. Just as we need to are alcohol-related, and alcohol is a causal factor in the do more to improve recovery and addiction services, we patient’s diagnosis for more than 1.1 million hospital need to be bolder on prevention and population health admissions every year. We absolutely take my hon. interventions. We have a proud record on bringing Friend’s concerns seriously. down smoking rates, because we have taken decisive action. We need to do the same with alcohol abuse; it As part of our NHS long term plan, alcohol care must be at the heart of the prevention agenda. teams are being introduced in hospitals with the highest number of alcohol-related admissions. It has been shown There are three areas that should be included— that those teams significantly reduce avoidable bed days transparency on alcohol labelling, pricing, and prevention and re-admissions. The seven-days per week service at and marketing. Unfortunately, there is not time to go Royal Bolton Hospital saved 2,000 bed days in its first through all those in much detail, but I know that the year, and modelling suggests that alcohol care teams in Government committed to a new prevention Green every non-specialist acute hospital will save 254,000 bed Paper and updated alcohol strategy. While I appreciate days and 78,000 admissions per year by their third year that the Department has huge pressures on it at the of operation. moment, it would be helpful if the Minister gave us an indication of when we might expect to see that, if she is Thanks to the personal testimony and campaigning able to, because that will be the key to making progress by hon. Members present and by others who were on those issues in the future. unable to attend, the Government have invested £6 million to improve outcomes for children with alcohol-dependent 10.44 am parents. That funding includes £4.5 million for nine local areas to test innovative ways of working and to The Minister for Care (Helen Whately): I congratulate join up systems to support children and families—promising my hon. Friend the Member for Congleton (Fiona results are emerging in those areas. We have also allocated Bruce) on securing the debate. Despite all that is going £1.5 million to voluntary sector organisations to build on around us, there have been some substantial resources and capacity at national level, including helpline contributions to the conversation that have made some and contact-centre support through the National really important points. I am responding on behalf of Association for Children of Alcoholics. We are also the Under-Secretary of State for Health and Social investing £6 million through a capital fund to enable Care, my hon. Friend the Member for Bury St Edmunds local authorities to improve services and facilities for (Jo Churchill), who is currently working on emergency people with alcohol problems. legislation for coronavirus, and will do my very best to give a full response to the questions that have been We continue to educate the public, ensuring that raised. people are aware of the health risks of alcohol through local and national programmes, such as Public Health I thank my hon. Friend the Member for Congleton England’sOne You campaign. The alcohol risk assessment for her comments, particularly about the work that we in the NHS health check is used to inform a discussion are doing in response to coronavirus. I should add that, on reducing the individual’srisk. New guidance encourages although I am grateful that she thanked the ministerial referral for liver investigation, where risk is identified. team, the thanks should go to those on the frontline, In addition, there is a commissioning for quality and such as the NHS and social care workforce. They are innovation—CQUIN—scheme to incentivise increased the ones who are really taking the issue on. cirrhosis and fibrosis tests for alcohol-dependent patients. I commend my hon. Friend for the huge amount of work that she has done on this matter and for her My hon. Friend also mentioned labelling. We have commitment to ensuring that we reduce the harm caused worked with industry to communicate the UK chief by alcohol. Most people drink responsibly and the good medical officer’s low risk drinking guidelines on the news is that we are seeing an overall decrease in the labelling of alcohol products. The Portman Group and number of people who drink, especially among young others in the industry have made a commitment that people. However, the Government are not complacent labels will reflect the guidelines and we are closely and are determined to do more to support people at risk monitoring progress. from alcohol misuse. Our aim is to ensure that people We have also made a commitment in the prevention are directed to the appropriate service wherever and Green Paper to work with industry to deliver a significant whenever they look for help. increase in the availability of alcohol-free and low-alcohol 275WH Alcohol Harm 17 MARCH 2020 Alcohol Harm 276WH products by 2025. A roundtable is being organised to and given the funding and investment she talks about take this work forward. Encouragingly, sales of no or that will deal with the consequences of alcohol addiction, low-alcohol beer are up 30% since 2016 and “nolo” does she agree that tackling the consequences is less alcohol is set to be one of the driving trends of 2020, effective than tackling the problem at source? Cider and although I am sure trends are being reviewed in the light some of the highest content alcohol is on sale in shops of the pandemic. in England for less than a bottle of water or a pint of milk. Does she agree that making alcohol a little bit Public Health England supports local authorities in more expensive could have an impact? their work of needs assessment and commissioning alcohol and drug prevention and treatment services by Helen Whately: I thank the hon. Lady for her providing advice, guidance and data. PHE is developing contribution and I take her point. It is important that UK-wide clinical guidelines for alcohol treatment. That we continue to look at the evidence and that is the work will promote good practice and improve the quality approach we will follow. I thank everyone here today for of service provision, resulting in better outcomes for their contributions to this important debate and for patients. having this conversation. We know that alcohol-exposed pregnancies present a Jim Shannon: I urge the Minister to contact each of significant public health problem across the country. the regional devolved Administrations, in Scotland, Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder can have a major Northern Ireland and Wales. It would be a good idea impact on the early years development of children and for interaction with those three regional Administrations, their life chances. There is great work under way at local to gauge a universal policy for the whole of the United levels to tackle this. For example, the Greater Manchester Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and to health and social care partnership recently launched its take all the evidence from other parts of the United #DRYMESTER campaign to raise awareness of drinking Kingdom, which could gel a strategy that we could all alcohol when pregnant. NICE are currently consulting agree on. That would be a substantial way forward. on a draft quality standard on FASD. The voluntary sector also plays a vital role here. As part of the children Helen Whately: The hon. Gentleman makes an important of alcohol-dependent parents funding programme, over point about working together, and the UK Government £500,000 is being made available to support work on working with the devolved Administrations, drawing on FASD. the lessons that we have all learned and the evidence we all have. I do not think I will make a commitment to do Finally,the good news from the budget is that £46 million that immediately in the light of the current public in funding is being provided to improve support to health situation, but he does make a very good point. individuals experiencing multiple complex needs. That The Government absolutely are taking action and we includes tackling homelessness, reoffending and substance are determined to do more to support people who are abuse, including alcohol misuse. In addition, as part of most vulnerable from alcohol misuse. our rough sleepers programme, there is £262 million of new funding for substance misuse treatment services. 10.56 am When fully deployed, that is expected to help more than Fiona Bruce: I thank the Minister for Care for stepping 11,000 rough sleepers a year. It will enable people to in to respond to this debate. I also want to thank my move off the streets and support them to maintain a hon. Friend the Member for Henley (John Howell), the tenancy for the long term. The funding complements hon. Members for East Lothian (Kenny MacAskill), for £237 million announced by the Prime Minister for Strangford (Jim Shannon), for Blaydon (Liz Twist), accommodation for rough sleepers, and a further for North Ayrshire and Arran (Patricia Gibson) and for £144 million for associated support services. Ellesmere Port and Neston (Justin Madders) for their Several hon. Members raised minimum unit pricing, contributions. particularly the hon. Member for North Ayrshire and It is very rare that we hear in this place such a united Arran (Patricia Gibson), who drew on her experience in voice from Members of Parliament from all political Scotland. There are no plans to implement minimum parties, but we did so today, because we recognise that unit pricing in England at present, but the Government alcohol harm is a major threat to our country’s wellbeing. continue to monitor the evidence as it emerges from It is a blight, particularly on the lives of the most Scotland and Wales. vulnerable—the youngest and those in many of our most deprived areas. Wider society, too, is paying an Several hon. Members talked about the Government’s incalculable toll. What came across again and again in alcohol addiction strategy. As announced in November, the debate was that, although all the initiatives that we we are undertaking a UK-wide cross-Government addiction have heard from the Minister are good and we are strategy. Plans on the contents of the strategy are being grateful for them, much more needs to be done. Alcohol developed and we will have more to say on this shortly. harm must be elevated in the national prevention agenda. A distinct and separate alcohol harm strategy is essential. Patricia Gibson: I listened carefully when the Minister Question put and agreed to. said that the Government currently have no plans to Resolved, implement minimum unit pricing. In the light of that, That this House has considered tackling alcohol harm. 277WH 17 MARCH 2020 Lea Castle Farm Quarry 278WH

Lea Castle Farm Quarry Government made a mistake in 2010 when as a result of the spending review they ended the aggregates levy sustainability fund. That fund brought together industry, 10.58 am environmentalists and local communities to restore areas Mark Garnier (Wyre Forest) (Con): I beg to move, affected by extraction and to transform degraded sites back into areas that could be used by the local community. That this House has considered Lea Castle Farm Quarry. It is a great pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Those are the areas where I broadly agree with the Mr Paisley, and to be in Westminster Hall, even as it Government’s position, but there are many areas of evacuates so only the three of us are left, alongside you contention. First is the location of the quarry, which is and your good team. I completely understand, as this bang in between two villages—Wolverley to the west, very specific local issue of the Lea Castle quarry in my directly on its western extreme, and Cookley to the constituency is not of huge interest to other people. north; to the south is Sion Hill, a suburb of Kidderminster. There are four schools within a mile’s distance of the It is quite ironic to have this Minister here responding centre of the site: Wolverley Church of England Secondary to this debate. I look back on a January Sunday afternoon School is 0.9 of a mile away, Cookley Sebright Primary in 2004, when he and I were in the final of the Wyre School is five eighths of a mile away, St Oswald’s CE Forest Conservative Association competition to become Primary School in Kidderminster is just over half a the parliamentary candidate for the constituency. I beat mile away and Heathfield Knoll School’s nursery is on him, but it could easily have been the Minister standing the other side of the road from the edge of the second here, championing the cause for his constituents— as I phase of the site. Wolverley Sebright Primary School is know he does very well—and me elsewhere. just over a mile away, but, as I say, that is measuring This is a highly specific issue and I appreciate that the from the centre of the site; the full extent of the 105 acres Minister cannot necessarily go into details because of means that the site it is much closer to some of those the planning application, but the strength of feeling schools. about it in my constituency is incredibly strong. Basically, Within the immediate locality are three communities: the application is to excavate 105 acres of Lea Castle Cookley has 2,034 people on the electoral roll, with farm in my constituency, bang in between the villages of 1,114 homes; Wolverley has 1,820 people on the electoral Wolverley and Cookley and to the north of Kidderminster. roll and Sion Hill has 760. A lot of people live very close The quarry, as I say, is 105 acres and is set to be to this site, and despite the proposal’s being low impact, excavated over a 10-year period, with a requirement to it is inevitable that they will suffer from noise pollution, restore the land to its original agricultural use at the end dust pollution and the impact on highways. Of course, I of that period. The family who own Lea Castle farm completely understand that there is an enormous amount have entered into an agreement with NRS Aggregates, of legislation surrounding, for example, the pollution which will undertake the excavation. put up by silicates as they come off these sites, and there Before I get to the meat of my points, I want to talk is a requirement to suppress them. One would hope that about a few points of agreement, because there are NRS Aggregates would comply fully with those with certain things that I do agree with. First, I completely that legislation, and I expect it to do so, but it is possible agree that we need to quarry; it is essential that we can that there will be accidents. While accidents are wholly dig out aggregates and building materials to meet the to be avoided, and any punishment is the right thing to Government’s target of building 300,000 homes over do, the problem is that, while it is possible to get away the period of this Parliament, and 1 million over the with an accident in an area with nobody living around complete forecast period. The materials have to come it, the middle of a highly populated area is a really bad from somewhere, and holes in the ground are as good a place to have one. That creates a greater threat to the place as any, although it is worth bearing in mind that local community. recycling aggregates is something we should do. Finally, we have a riding stables, which is privately Secondly, I understand that, to lessen the impact on owned, right in the middle of the site. The riding stables the environment, the nearer a quarry is to any development, will be quarried all around over the 10-year period. the better; fewer miles driven by lorries lowers damage Their lives will be appallingly badly affected. The whole to the environment. The Wyre Forest local plan sets planning application has profound impacts on the local ambitions for around 5,400 homes between now and community and the local community is very heavily 2032, the vast majority of which will need aggregate against it. resources. Looking to the future, the planning application is Thirdly, the planning application is designed to be merely for a 10-year period, to extract 3 million tonnes sensitive. It proposes a phased process, with a central of aggregates from a 105-acre site. I recently met Mr Louis plant being established for the full 10-year period, and Strong, who seemed a perfectly reasonable and nice five processes lasting, I guess, two years each, with each chap. He is the son of the site’s owner; he is 36 years old successive phase being required to infill the previous and wants to be a farmer. The site has been in the family phase to reduce the impact on the local area. It is also for three generations, and while his father is a successful worth bearing in mind that there are requirements to entrepreneur doing land deals who now lives in Jersey, have a left-only exit from the site, thereby avoiding the Mr Strong strikes me as being a very sincere individual village of Wolverley and all the schools in the locality. who genuinely wants to farm. I think his wishes are at Fourthly, the community benefits from £2 per tonne odds with his father’s. His father previously applied to local community tax, known as the aggregates levy. secure planning permission for the site to be a golf That is fantastic; it was brought in in 2002 and mitigates course; although planning was approved, the plans the impact on the local community,so that the community were shelved for one reason or another. The farm is can benefit from it. However, I would say that the around 250 acres, and although they farm one or two 279WH Lea Castle Farm Quarry17 MARCH 2020 Lea Castle Farm Quarry 280WH other sites locally, the farm seems only marginally viable. in 2016. In 2017, Willingdon quarry sought to enable Louis Strong is understandably seeking alternative cash the production of a further 2.07 million tonnes of sand generation schemes from his farm. Farm diversification and gravel. There was a proposed extension to restore is a wholly understandable and desirable option, and Chadwich Lane quarry in Bromsgrove. There was an Mr Strong wants to continue farming the site once it extension to Barton Quarry Western to extract 6.3 million has returned to agricultural use. tonnes of sand and gravel over a period of 10 years. I used to be an investment banker. Among other These are all extensions, not the absolute planning. At things, I used to invest in and study aggregate companies Newington quarry there was a proposal for an extension and extraction companies. I am absolutely convinced of to sand and gravel extraction. The Norton Bottoms the sincerity of Mr Strong’s desire to be a farmer, but quarry applied for a four-phase extension, Hints quarry the key principal in the application is NRS Aggregates for a variation of conditions, and Methlick quarry for Ltd, which in this case—it does a number of different an extension for a further 10 years—and on it goes. things—is entirely in the business of extracting value Quarries change their planning applications because from the ground. I know the company will be eager to they want to extend what is going on. Lea Castle Farm secure the maximum output from the quarry. To deliver quarry is already hideously offensive to the local community. its fiduciary duty to shareholders—having secured the What will it become if NRS Aggregates decides it wants big heave of getting the initial planning permission to maximise the output from this opportunity? across the line— it will almost certainly seek to maximise The application is due to go before Worcestershire the output beyond that stated in its initial low-impact County Council’s planning committee later this year, intentions. possibly in May. Officers are committed to ensuring There are too many variables that could change decisions that planning law is upheld. It may well be that they over the coming 10 years. As we know, extraction rates recommend approval. All of us know that planning are determined by market demand, and the cost to committee members are prevented from predetermination, developers of sand and gravel are a function of market so I have no idea how the planning committee will vote, price and delivery cost. We are proposing in the Budget but I think that if its members take the recommendation to increase the demand for aggregates by encouraging of the officers, it is not impossible that this may get the building of 300,000 houses per year over the next passed. If the application fails, the refusal will almost few years. That can result only in an increase in the certainly be challenged. I warn the Minister that, in the price of the aggregate and a subsequent increase in event of a successful appeal and the inspector passing quarrying. Although the argument is that local demand the application, I will ask him to call in the decision to means there is a local market, it requires the demand get the Secretary of State to look at it. locally to match in every way the continuous extraction There are plenty of examples where planning has of 300 tonnes per annum. How can anyone predict at been refused in the past. For example, a proposed this stage the exact flow of local demand? It requires expansion of Wangford quarry in Suffolk was blocked synergy for a decade, which is very unlikely to happen. given its location in an area of outstanding natural Should there be a period of low development locally, beauty. The planning inspector found that there were the quarry will have to find markets further afield or no exceptional circumstances to justify the expansion slow production. That would bring into question the of mineral extraction on the site. At the Thrislington end date of the process. Similarly, if demand is high, quarry in County Durham, residents fought Lafarge will the quarry beef up production and seek to vary its Aggregates’ proposed extension to the quarry. Officers planning permission in order to excavate at a higher, had recommended that the planning committee did not and thus more aggravating, rate? That will cause greater object to the development, but councillors blocked the concern and upset to the local community. If market quarry due to the unprecedented level of objection to rates for sand and gravel continue to rise, there will be a the scheme, with 1,366 individual letters and objections. greater imperative to dig more. If the company seeks to It is entirely possible that at Lea Castle Farm quarry, an change the planning grant to extract more aggregates application may have a similar number of objections. from the area, it will create more hassle for my community. In any event, the average six-room home requires around At Bengeo quarry in Hertford, campaigners were 100 tonnes of sand and gravel—in Wyre Forest, that fighting plans to quarry an extra 1.25 million tonnes of equates to a total demand for 5,400 tonnes of sand and sand and gravel from its field. The planning inspector gravel, compared with 3 million tonnes being excavated. rejected plans for the quarry, and the developer appealed The vast majority of the quarry’s output will actually to the Secretary of State. The Secretary of State backed have to go out of the district. the views of residents and the planning inspector decided that the quarry had the potential to threaten water Looking at the green issues, the local plan has a supplies and loss of amenities. More important, and variety of sites across the district. Meeting low-emission very similar to what we face at Lea Castle farm, his targets for delivery could easily result in a subsequent concerns were also raised due to health risks from silica application to change the left-only exit policy from the dust in the air and significant damage to open space site, meaning that lorries would drive past a number of and the green belt. Similarly, at Fullamoor quarry in schools and through villages. On this particular argument, Oxfordshire, an Oxfordshire based company,Hills Quarry the environment’s interests are at odds with those of the Products, wanted to use land over 12 and a half years local community. Did I mention that the quarry is to extract 2.5 million tonnes of earth. The application smack in the middle of the green belt? It is quite was finally rejected in 2017. The company reapplied in offensive in terms of the green belt legislation. 2018 and the council again turned the application There are plenty of examples of quarries that have down, concerned about the green belt and severe submitted subsequent planning applications to enhance highways impact; that was for a smaller and lower their size. Clifton quarry in Worcestershire was extended impact development. 281WH Lea Castle Farm Quarry17 MARCH 2020 Lea Castle Farm Quarry 282WH

[Mark Garnier] application for mineral extraction at Lea Castle Farm quarry is currently, as my hon. Friend has said, being I am not against quarrying, but I am against quarrying considered by Worcestershire County Council and is, I in people’s backyards in semi-urban areas. Canada has understand, of a type and scale that requires it to be a rule forbidding quarrying within 600 metres of schools subject to an environmental impact assessment and and residences. I know there is an argument that there is have an accompanying environmental statement. more available space there, but nonetheless the point is The aim of the EIA is to protect the environment by still well made. No part of this quarry is not within a ensuring that a local planning authority, when deciding 600-metre radius of a school or property adjacent to whether to grant planning permission for a project that this site. could have significant effects on the environment, does Today, I want to make the Minister aware that, if the so in full knowledge of those likely effects and takes planning inspectors put the application through, I will them into account in its decision-making process. The ask him to call it in and give all his support to help the environmental statement accompanying the planning Secretary of State come to a sensible decision—in case application assesses a range of environmental effects, of doubt, “sensible” means backing my constituents. I including issues such as air quality, dust, health, traffic, also want to ask the Minister to review planning laws noise, heritage, biodiversity and visual impacts, as well on quarries. I completely accept that we need quarries, as many other matters, some of which are of particular but we cannot have quarries so close to people’s private concern to local communities. It is for the mineral residences, businesses, and schools. It does not make planning authority to assess the adequacy of the any sense. If Canada can have a 600 metre rule, why can information provided in determining the application, we not have something similar here? I look forward to taking into account all relevant material considerations, hearing how the Minister would have dealt with this including the views of local people, local stakeholders had he been elected Member of Parliament for Wyre and, of course, the local Member of Parliament. Forest all those years ago. The Government’s view, as set out in the national planning policy framework, is that the planning system 11.13 am should be genuinely plan-led. It is important we have The Minister for Housing (Christopher Pincher): It is succinct and up-to-date plans to provide a positive a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Mr Paisley, vision for the future of each area; a framework for I think for the first time, but it is an even greater addressing housing needs and other economic, social pleasure to respond to the debate that my hon. Friend and environmental priorities, including making sufficient the Member for Wyre Forest (Mark Garnier) introduced. provision for minerals; and a platform for local people He said that the Chamber lacks quantity, but I do not to shape their surroundings. Our policy states that it is think it lacks quality while he sits here. He is absolutely essential that there is a sufficient supply of minerals to right: it was 16 years ago one Sunday afternoon when provide the infrastructure, buildings, energy and goods he defeated me in the selection for the Conservative the country needs. candidacy in Wyre Forest. He also knows, though he Mineral planning authorities are charged with providing did not choose to tell you, that he beat me by one vote, for the extraction of mineral resources of local and although I suspect that after 16 years of his candidacy national importance. They are required to plan for a and some other years as Member of Parliament, and steady and adequate supply of aggregates, including after his performance today on behalf of his constituents, crushed rock, sand and gravel, by designating specific were I to stand against him again, he would defeat me sites, preferred areas or areas for search. In my constituency, by a landslide. He is a doughty campaigner and champion there are several such aggregate sites. Staffordshire, like for his constituents. Worcestershire, is a major provider of aggregate, so I My hon. Friend will appreciate that there is a due and am familiar with some of the issues that my hon. proper process to be followed in the consideration of Friend raised. planning applications for mineral development, in this case by Worcestershire County Council. Although the Unlike other developments, however, minerals can be Secretary of State’s quasi-judicial role in the planning worked only where they are found. They are temporary system means that I am unable to comment on the in nature and a finite natural resource that needs to be merits of individual planning applications, he is right made best use of. That creates unique challenges for that there is much upon which we can agree, for example, local areas of how best to meet local and wider mineral the importance of building the right sort of new homes, needs while ensuring that mineral operations do not which are appropriate and sensitive to their location have unacceptable adverse consequences on the natural and surroundings, and the means by which those homes and historical environment or on human health. Given are built. that I come from a similar constituency with a similar background, I understand some of the points that my Determining planning applications is a matter, in the hon. Friend raised. first instance, for the local planning authority to carefully consider and decide in accordance with proper planning My hon. Friend mentioned Canada. He is right to and legal requirements. All planning applications have say that Canada has a very different geography from to be determined in accordance with the development that of the United Kingdom. The open spaces in Canada plan, unless material considerations indicate otherwise. are somewhat more significant than those in the UK. I want to stress at this point that the local planning However, I of course recognise the challenges that he authority is best placed to determine local development has identified. The national planning policy framework proposals. Residents must have confidence that their is regularly reviewed, and this is an issue that he will local council will consider and determine this application bring to me again and again, and I am very happy to in a fair and open manner, as is its duty. The planning consider his points. 283WH Lea Castle Farm Quarry17 MARCH 2020 Lea Castle Farm Quarry 284WH

I fully understand the concerns of local communities will be held in the week commencing 1 June, if necessary. such as the ones my hon. Friend mentioned—Wolverley, Those hearings are an opportunity for people to voice Cookley and Broadwaters—about the proposed Lea any concerns or anxieties that they have. Castle Farm quarry, particularly concerns about any I am pleased that the Planning Inspectorate’sprocedural adverse impacts on homes, businesses and the local practice encourages Members to participate in examination environment. He mentioned a riding stables. High Speed 2 hearing sessions, and that the Government also encourage cuts through my constituency. I also have a riding Members to involve themselves in this way. I do not stables and horse training centre in my constituency, suspect that I will need to encourage my hon. Friend run by Eddie McMahon, which is similarly affected. So very much further in that regard. again, I understand the challenges that my hon. Friend’s Unfortunately, because of its very nature, new local businesses face. development will have some effect on the local environment. My hon. Friend mentioned in passing his concerns It is for that reason that there are clear and defined about future extension plans for the quarry. I remind measures by which development proposals and their him that any future extensions will be subject to further potential impact on residents, local communities and planning permission, and have to be judged on their the environment are assessed. Of course, the NPPF merits at the time. It is not the case that the quarry can includes a requirement for local plans to be accompanied simply extend and extend beyond the permissions that by a sustainability appraisal, which allows the potential have already been granted. environmental, economic and social impacts of the proposals to be taken into account systematically, and As I explained earlier, given that this is a live planning such plans should play a key role throughout the plan- application under consideration by Worcestershire County making process. Council, and that there is a submitted local plan undergoing examination by the Planning Inspectorate, I am not in a The sustainability appraisal plays an important part position to directly address the specific concerns raised in demonstrating that the local plan reflects sustainability by my hon. Friend’s constituents. Nevertheless, it is objectives and has considered reasonable alternatives. A vital that people’s concerns are heard and that local sustainability appraisal and a habitats regulation assessment residents are listened to. That is why all steps of our has been undertaken for the Worcestershire minerals planning system are supported by a public consultation local plan, and those will be before the planning inspector. process, through which people can consider the proposals I appreciate that I have not been able fully to address and the applications. some of the specific concerns expressed by my hon. Friend and his constituents. However, I hope that my Worcestershire County Council submitted its mineral explanation of the system has provided some reassurance local plan for examination to the Secretary of State on to him and to residents that their voices are being 17 December 2019. I have to say that it was rather heard—they are being listened to and will be taken into overdue, because I think that the plan, as currently account before any decision is reached. I encourage him adopted, was constituted in 1997. So it is important to continue to champion his constituents and their that an up-to-date plan is in place. The Secretary of concerns. I look forward to his further representations, State has appointed an independent planning inspector and I am absolutely sure that he will not be inviting me to assess the soundness and legal compliance of the back to Worcestershire and his local association because plan. The inspector will consider the evidence provided he would not impose on me the humiliation of being by the local planning authority to support the plan and defeated by such a huge margin. any representations that have been put forward by local Question put and agreed to. people and other interested parties, including, of course, my hon. Friend. The examination hearings are due to 11.26 pm open on Tuesday 5 May and the second week of hearings Sitting suspended. 285WH 17 MARCH 2020 Football Attendances: VAR 286WH

Football Attendances: VAR Alongside that simplicity, football’s unique selling point is the rarity of the goal. A goal can be a thing of beauty—a thrilling movement that builds to a crescendo with a thrilling release—or it can be workmanlike and [MR CLIVE BETTS in the Chair] brutal, with the ball forced over the line. It can be fortunate, freakish or amazingly simple and, sometimes, Mr Clive Betts (in the Chair): Order. As I just said to it can even be comical and farcical. The goal can be Mr Perkins, given the number of people here, you will controversial, a moment to delight and bring a nation all have longer than it takes for the video assistant together in a shared explosion of joy; or it can be tragic, referee to make a decision. as an entire ground and nation clasps their heads in their hands in perfect unison. No other moment in any 2.30 pm other sport is so special as the moment in football when a goal is scored. However that goal is scored, it is rare Mr Toby Perkins (Chesterfield) (Lab): I beg to move, and important, and because of its rarity and importance, That this House has considered VAR and its effect on football it matters and it is celebrated. attendances. That moment, which is the fundamental ethos of It is a great pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, what it means to love football, is the moment that VAR Mr Betts, particularly as it is so difficult to get the interferes with. We are robbed of that moment of simple opportunity to speak to a Sheffield Wednesday supporter joy or despair by a faceless man sitting in an industrial about football at the moment. estate in south-west London, miles away from those I confess that it feels somewhat incongruous, as the who really care. All the fans can do is wait for his country’s attention is focused on the coronavirus crisis dreadful, often imperfect, verdict. The wild, breathless and football has come to a stop, for Parliament to celebrations are halted by the dreadful, purple appearance debate a non-life threatening matter such as video assistant on the big screen of the words “checking goal”. Sometimes referees and their impact on football attendances. I have celebrations that have been under way for 30 seconds or been attempting for several weeks to secure a debate on more are placed on pause as two sets of fans stop and this subject in the fortnightly ballot; it is somewhat stare at a screen that offers them nothing but the fact unfortunate that the debate was finally drawn in this of that uncertainty now reigns. all weeks. In a sport that thrives on being played without delay, The coronavirus crisis is both a medical and economic that uncertainty can last for three minutes or more. The crisis, and the financial health of our national game is chant about VAR is so commonplace that there is not a an issue that should matter to us. Football—particularly single premiership fan who could not instantly sing it. If the Premier League—is one of the nation’s key economic VAR offered flawless decision making I would still say and cultural exports, and anything that affects the Premier that it was not worth it, but it does not even do that. League’s popularity and esteem matters. Although we When VAR was introduced we were promised that it all accept that there are more pressing matters, there would overturn clear and obvious errors, but it has will be a day when coronavirus is in the past and we will become a farce. turn again to the normality that makes life rich, varied For a toenail offside, 30 seconds before a goal was and enjoyable. I hope that those watching at home will scored—and after a three-minute delay—Sheffield United’s accept that debate is being held in that spirit and that goal at Tottenham was ruled offside. Arsenal scored a taking an hour or less to discuss the impact that VAR goal at Old Trafford that was uncontested by the has had on football will not in any way diminish the Manchester United defenders because the linesman’s Government’s preparedness to tackle the coronavirus flag had gone up several seconds before the goal was crisis and to take the necessary steps to support businesses scored. West Ham fans celebrated their last-minute and people through it. equaliser at Bramall Lane for a full 45 seconds before There seems to be almost universal agreement that there was even a suggestion that it might be called into the way that VAR is currently used in the English question. I must confess that that last-minute disallowed Premier League is bad for football. Opinion is less goal brought me momentary pleasure, but even as we uniform on whether it is a good idea done badly or just celebrated the goal being disallowed a part of me mourned a bad idea. During my speech, I intend to make the case what we had all lost. for the abolition of VAR, while also looking at some of I have explained why I do not want VAR in football, the steps that could be taken to improve it if the EPL, but even if it must be tolerated, so much is wrong with clubs and the wider game insist that it is here to stay and how it is being delivered. First, the technology is applied can only be reformed rather than abolished. to offside decisions on the basis of where one player’s To explain why I believe that VAR should be abolished most prominent limb is in relation to another player at completely, I must start by explaining what I see as the specific moment when the film is frozen. A millisecond football’s enduring appeal. There is a reason why football either side of that, however, and the player might have is the most successful, the richest and the most widely been onside. The technology is imperfect in terms of the watched and played sport in the history of our planet. exact moment when the ball was kicked. VAR is overruling Football’sappeal is in both its simplicity and its accessibility. goals on hairline decisions with a technology that is not Wherever someone may be in the world, if they have good enough to deliver the level of precision that it something round and two rocks for goalposts, they have pretends to offer. A camera that is not in line with the a game. Until very recently, no matter the level, football’s offside line is used to overrule a decision by a linesman core rules were the same. Whether in the local park, who was, accepting that arbitrary lines drawn on a where more people play than watch, or at Celtic Park in screen provide an accurate description of who was front of 60,000 people, football was football. furthest forward by a millimetre. 287WH Football Attendances: VAR17 MARCH 2020 Football Attendances: VAR 288WH

I guarantee that if VAR, this dreadful stain on the moment that the screen is frozen, one player’s toe is a beautiful game, continues long into the future, fans will millimetre beyond another player’s shoulder, the goal is look back in 20 years and laugh at the technology on disallowed. That is not what the offside rule was designed which we currently rely to determine whether someone to outlaw and it needs rewriting, because it is spoiling was offside. VAR has exposed the gap between our the sport’s simplicity, which is so important. We need to expectation of players’performances and those of referees. return to the original principle that if the majority of When a striker skies a shot over the bar or a goalkeeper two players’ bodies are basically level, the striker is lets the ball slip from his grasp, fans on his side are considered to be onside. willing to view that error in the context of the overall Secondly, fans must be involved in the process, as performance, but no such allowance is ever given to the other sports manage, with the pictures that are being referee. That thirst for perfection in decision making—a viewed by the referee also available for fans in the product of the pundit era and the enormous investment stadium. Thirdly, the referee is the referee and he should in technology by Sky Sports and others, designed to view the original pictures. If he is certain that he has improve our enjoyment of the game—has driven us to made a clear and obvious error, only at that moment the soulless VAR experiment. should the decision be altered. Finally, a clear and For years, the coverage of every match, and of every obvious error should mean precisely that. If it takes post-match managerial interview, has included a section someone three minutes to work out whether something on the decisions that the referee made or the manager’s was an error, it was not clear and obvious. In cricket, view of whether the referee was any good. It turns out there is “umpire’s call”, which means that a degree of that managers whose teams lost usually thought that he latitude is given, meaning that they stay with the original was not. We all became used to that as part of the decision to allow for the uncertainty in the technology background music to every match. Now the focus has and the decision that is made. That should be adopted shifted from whether the referee was right to whether in football so that fewer hairline decisions are overturned VAR was right. Every week, the football headlines are and fans can once again celebrate a goal, knowing that not about the performances of the players but about the unless there is a clear and obvious error, there will be no decisions made and the technology. change to the decision. In attempting to justify the success of VAR, the I am pleased to have brought this important matter English Premier League’s note to me in advance of the to Parliament. The title of the debate refers to the effect debate informed me that a decision was overturned in that VAR has on football attendances. That was partly only one in every three matches, as though that should because the Table Office considered football attendances show me how little it was intervening. Far from it. If to be a matter that the House was allowed an opinion VAR is correcting so few decisions, what problem are on, while the rules of football were not, and partly we trying to solve? It has ruined a lot more goal because the evidence is that VAR is reducing football celebrations for me than that, and not just those that are fans’ enjoyment. A YouGov poll showed that 67% of overturned. Even the celebrations that ultimately are fans who watch football felt that VAR had made watching not in vain are not the same because fans wonder football a “less enjoyable”experience. Can anyone imagine whether what happened was something that would be any other industry introducing, at great expense, an called into question. The spontaneity that is so crucial innovation that its paying customers said made its and endemic to football is lost as a result of VAR. product worse, and then, instead of scrapping it, reacting VAR is also changing the way that football is played, by doubling down on it and claiming that it was progress refereed and watched. It is changing the decision making that we all had to get to enjoy? to the detriment of the fairness of the sporting contest. I do not like the principle of VAR. I hate the Linesmen are instructed not to flag for offside unless implementation of it. It professes a precision that it they are absolutely sure, even if they believe it is offside. does not deliver. It makes the game our children watch a A linesman in an EFL Championship game who would different sport from the one they play. It changes the flag for offside, because he thinks it is, will in the way that football’s rules are refereed and it makes Premier League allow the game to carry on because it obsolete or unworkable rules that made sense with was close, giving an unfair advantage to the attacking on-field referees in the pre-VAR era. The beautiful side. This can lead to a load of football that is a waste of game is diminished by VAR, and I say “Scrap it.” time, because ultimately a goal is disallowed or to an offside player winning a corner or a free kick that then leads to a goal that should never have happened, because 2.44 pm the linesman thinks that he was probably offside anyway but did not give it, because he was correctly following David Linden (Glasgow East) (SNP): It is a pleasure the edict not to flag for a marginal offside. When I think to serve under your chairmanship, Mr Betts. I know about the difference between the fan experience in the that you take a close interest in football as well. Premier League and the Championship, I almost envy I commend the hon. Member for Chesterfield you, Mr Betts—but perhaps I would not go that far. (Mr Perkins) for securing the debate. I had expected If VAR is to continue, changes are needed both to the that the SNP spokesperson would be summing up many rules of the game and VAR’s operation if it is going to contributions, but understandably many hon. Members be anything other than a drag on the appeal of a hugely are focused elsewhere today. It feels as if we could be successful product. Most crucially, the offside law needs said to be fiddling while Rome burns, but as the hon. reviewing. New referees and linesmen were always taught Gentleman rightly points out, the debate was applied that if a player is level, they are onside, as the rules state. for several weeks ago, and it is not too much of an In real time, that made sense, but in the VAR era, there inconvenience to spend an hour or so focused on an is no such thing as level. It now means that if, at the issue that is on the minds of many football fans. Later 289WH Football Attendances: VAR17 MARCH 2020 Football Attendances: VAR 290WH

[David Linden] Brendan O’Hara (Argyll and Bute) (SNP): I was not planning to intervene, but my hon. Friend is doing an in my remarks I will refer to the situation with covid-19 impersonation of a footballing Luddite. Does he agree and its impact on our football clubs, which is a bigger, that these decisions can cost millions of pounds and a existential threat. club’s future can be mapped out on such decisions? It is not that VAR is wrong in and of itself, but its I declare an interest, as I am a proud season ticket implementation should be improved, rather than chucking holder of the pride of Lanarkshire, the Airdrieonians the whole deal or experiment out, as he is suggesting. football club, which is the best wee football team in the land. Although I spend the majority of my Saturdays at football, I have never seen VAR in action, partly because David Linden: I am grateful to my hon. Friend. I we do not have it in Scotland, certainly not at league 1 believe he is a global Celt in my constituency. level. However, I have seen it on TV a lot. This is the only time, certainly in public, that I will confess to being Brendan O’Hara: A proud global Celt. a small “c” conservative. It might not surprise too many people, but on the issue of football, I am absolutely a David Linden: He and I are very good friends but, small “c” conservative and a traditionalist. I believe that unusually, on this point I disagree with him. I tend to football should be played at 3 o’clock on Saturday. It is take the position of the hon. Member for Chesterfield a nonsense that teams are playing just about every night of being quite keen to see the back of VAR altogether, of the week. For example, a situation where Newcastle but I appreciate that my hon. Friend takes a slightly is playing Portsmouth on a Thursday night is not helpful different view. for fans trying to get to games. VAR is just another step down the road of pandering to the commercialisation Gavin Newlands (Paisley and Renfrewshire North) of football, and particularly TV. (SNP): My hon. Friend is making a fantastic speech. I have always been a big fan of video refereeing coming As a football fan, I tend to take a view that over the into football, but VAR is doing its level best to dissuade course of a season some decisions will go for a team and me of that support. I played rugby and am a big some will go against it. Sometimes a stonewall penalty follower of American football. Lots of sports have used will be denied, but a soft one will be allowed. In my video evidence and it has worked. In the likes of cricket, view, it tends to level out over the course of a season. the process is followed in live time. The issue is the The cost of VAR for clubs, especially in Scotland, is an transparency of the process, and the fact that fans are issue. The technology is obviously hugely expensive. not involved. Does he agree that if changes were made There are situations in the English premiership where to VAR, and if it followed other sports, it could be a the likes of clubs such as Manchester United do not success? have the screens to show VAR. That plays into the idea that fans are being excluded from the VAR process, and that they are having to watch the referee making shapes David Linden: I am grateful to my hon. Friend, who in the sky. It is a nonsense and not helpful for fans. It reminds us of his time playing rugby. He is far too makes them feel excluded. modest to tell the House that he was actually a very good rugby player but had to retire due to injury. He There is a separate issue with the amount of time does not talk about that very often. I once again find being taken to consult VAR. It interrupts the flow of myself in a situation in which I must say that, on this the match. In the English premiership there are now issue, I speak personally—there is probably no SNP regularly situations where there are five or six minutes policy on VAR, but I need to be slightly careful not to of stoppage time for the first half of a game, which is over-egg the pudding. absolutely ridiculous. Some countries other than Scotland I want to come on to the interpretation of the handball tend to have more stoppage time, but I will not necessarily rule. name them. After the second half there might be three or four minutes added, to take into account substitutions, but the idea that there would be five or six minutes of Gavin Newlands: As the SNP spokesperson for sport stoppage time in a first half is a nonsense. at Westminster, I believe I have just set the policy, and that my hon. Friend is in fact going against party policy. In the opening part of the season, Liverpool beat Norwich 4-1, but there were nine VAR checks in that David Linden: I am glad that my hon. Friend put that game. That is huge amount of time for fans to sit and on the record. That point is well made. try to work out what on earth is going on. It has been Coming back to the interpretation of the handball suggested that it could be around 10 years before fans rule, the rules around handball have been reviewed and finally get their heads around VAR. Perhaps it is for changed in recent years, which in many respects accounts that reason that so many football fans are chanting, for some of the stranglehold on the game. A few weeks “It’s not football anymore,” in the stands. ago, alongside my hon. Friends here and my hon. The hon. Member for Chesterfield made a point Friend the Member for Inverness, Nairn, Badenoch and about the post-match discussions. More often than not, Strathspey (Drew Hendry), I watched the Hearts-Hibs we have a discussion in the pub or going home in the car game. There was a whole bit of commentary towards about the whether the referee got it right or wrong. the end of the game that focused on whether Hearts had With VAR, we need to remember that there is still a handled the ball. What actually happened was that a human element involved; the decision still has to be player was going down for a slide tackle to try to get the made by a human, but now not necessarily the referee in ball and put his hand down behind him to try to break the park but someone in a centre elsewhere, in London, his fall, and the ball came off his arm. Clearly, that I think. was not a deliberate handball, but depending on their 291WH Football Attendances: VAR17 MARCH 2020 Football Attendances: VAR 292WH interpretation of the rules, some might say it was, so we him our regards and hope that he gets well soon and is need to review the handball rules. I appreciate that that okay. Also, we send our thoughts to all the fans and decision is not necessarily within the gift of the Minister, players around the country who love the game. For although one day he might be that powerful; he can them it is absolutely unbelievable that they have to go certainly aspire to that. for weeks on end without watching their players or I also want to see a review of the offside rule. I agree playing the game themselves, so we also think about them. with the hon. Member for Chesterfield that this microscopic There is something incredibly British— analysis is absolutely killing the game. We now see situations where a referee might decide that something David Linden: Steady now. was a goal, but the VAR decides, after two minutes of consultation and with 10, 11 or 12 different camera Tracy Brabin: And something incredibly Scottish about angles, that somebody’s toenail—that was the hon. our discussing VAR and football at a time of crisis. We Gentleman’s example—might have been offside, which have heard lyrical, passionate and poetic descriptions of is clearly nonsense. I guess it comes back to his point the game. I agree with what the hon. Member for that we call football the beautiful game for a reason. We Glasgow East (David Linden) said about the smaller do not call it the forensic game or the legalistic game, clubs. As we go forward with the closures, we really have which it is increasingly becoming. to think about the small community clubs such as we Before I conclude, I will address what is actually the saw in Bury a few months ago. We must try to put in biggest threat facing our game, which is obviously place opportunities to protect them from closure because coronavirus. Most professional clubs—certainly my they are the very heart of our communities. They provide own—do not have a lucrative sponsorship deal or big jobs and for the businesses that support those clubs it is TV deal. Indeed, many are not sitting on big reserves. In really important that we make sure they survive this the case of Airdrieonians, something like 45% to 50% of terrible crisis. its revenue comes from gate receipts. It is probably a bit We are undoubtedly a nation of football lovers. Both of a nonsense to expect the football season to resume in recent World cups captured the public’s imagination, April—I think most of us probably appreciate that no and the national teams of our home nations enjoyed football will be played this side of the summer, although fantastic support. There is a collective belief in the a decision will be taken about that later in the week—so game. We want it to absolutely thrive. During the men’s the Government should definitely give more clarity World cup in 2018, most of the British football-supporting about what will actually happen, in terms of sport being public experienced the video assistant referee for the played and the safety around that. first time. During the World cup, what became known There is also a question of what should happen to the as VAR was generally received as an exciting addition football season. Will it be declared null and void? Are that made the game fairer,but managed to avoid becoming we in a situation where we just say that whoever is top a hindrance. However, the same cannot be said when it of a particular league should be designated as champions? was introduced into the premier league a year later at the beginning of the season. Brendan O’Hara: Hear, hear. It is easy to forget that, ahead of VAR’s introduction into our beautiful game, many were welcoming, some David Linden: I see that my hon. Friend approves. with a little trepidation, because it might have been the However, my club is five points off the top of the league chance to make football fair. Far too often the back with eight games to go. I certainly take the view that we pages were dominated by a goal that might just have should restart when it is safe to do so in the summer, been or a goal that was or should not have been, or an and perhaps have a truncated season, although I appreciate unjust sending off or a dive outrageously missed by the the difficulties owing to players who might be out of poor mortal referees. VAR was an opportunity to allow contract in May.However, I fear that I might be diverging football to thrive and to make the story about the sport slightly from the topic of debate. and the drama, and not the controversy. Regrettably, such optimism quickly diminished. The overarching point that I want to leave with the Minister and all of Government is the idea that these This season, as we have heard from hon. Members, are challenging times for football clubs. Most of us in VAR has quickly established itself as the scourge of this Chamber appreciate that football clubs are not just fans, commentators and pundits. Football is a game a business. For so many of us football is a part of our that happens in the moment. It is not comparable to culture, our community and our history, and it must be tennis, cricket, snooker, or, to a lesser extent, rugby, supported during these immensely difficult times. where there are natural pauses or breaks in the game: an appropriate moment where there can be a quick look or a double check. Iconic moments in football when the 2.55 pm ball ripples the back of the net and terraces erupt have Tracy Brabin (Batley and Spen) (Lab/Co-op): It is an too often been lost this season and replaced with anxious honour to serve under your chairmanship, Mr Betts. I faces, as we have heard, watching the screen to see if the thank my hon. Friend the Member for Chesterfield goal has gone to be checked. It causes undue agony for (Mr Perkins) for securing this debate, which comes at a fans. The question is whether losing such moments of time of crisis for our country. Coronavirus has closed joy and jubilation are worth it in the pursuit of absolute clubs up and down the country and loads of pressing decision-making accuracy. As things stand, VAR is matters are on Members’ minds today. Earlier we learnt losing that argument. that the Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media Too often fans in the stadium or at home, or even the and Sport, the right hon. Member for Hertsmere (Oliver players on the pitch, do not understand what is being Dowden), is self-isolating with his family, so we send checked. “Squint and you’ll see it” offsides are one 293WH Football Attendances: VAR17 MARCH 2020 Football Attendances: VAR 294WH

[Tracy Brabin] (Mr Perkins) for securing today’s debate and for the contribution he has made today, and for those of other thing, but the goals that get ruled out for a foul that Members, including the hon. Members for Glasgow happened much earlier in the play are another. However, East (David Linden), for Argyll and Bute (Brendan easy as it would be, we must not get carried away with O’Hara), and for Paisley and Renfrewshire North (Gavin criticisms. Although my hon. Friend the Member for Newlands) and of course the shadow Secretary of State, Chesterfield and others have called for VAR to be the hon. Member for Batley and Spen (Tracy Brabin). scrapped, it is quite possible that it is here to stay. This is the maiden season of a radical, bold change. It was I very much appreciated, as I am sure everyone did, overly optimistic to expect such a seismic shift in a game the professional tone in which the hon. Member for that ignites so much passion to be received as easily as a Chesterfield introduced the debate, given the circumstances. duck takes to water. We obviously take the coronavirus situation extremely seriously, but football fans around the world also need However, to understand and appreciate that is not to to look to the future, as he said. We need something to say that changes do not need to be made. If VAR is to look forward to, as well, and the hon. Gentleman remain, the in-stadium experience must change. Fans explained that he has been trying for the debate for a who are used to living in the moment enjoying a game considerable time. I recognise that these are slightly blow by blow can no longer be expected to watch and unfortunate circumstances, but he explained very well. wait for minutes on end—long minutes—for those purple screens to make a game-changing decision. The scope Football clubs are the heart of local communities. of VAR referrals must be made completely clear. Checks They have unique social value and many enjoy a rich should be completed in a certain timeframe, and fan history. Our football competitions are the best in the communication must improve. Certainly what I enjoy world and some of our greatest assets. The top tier of about rugby is that it is possible to hear what is going domestic competition, the premier league, is one of our on, which keeps people connected to the game and most important soft power assets. It is the most watched engaged in the decisions. Out of all Britain’s leagues, and supported football league in the world, with matches VAR is currently used only in the premier league—not broadcast to more than 1.3 billion homes in 192 countries. in the championship or other leagues below. Next season Part of what makes it the most attractive league in the there will be 17 clubs that have experienced playing world is the stellar quality of its competition, and we under VAR and three that do not have that experience. want that to continue. However, I must be clear: it is That could be a disadvantage, considering that we down to the premier league and its clubs to decide the already know how difficult a maiden season in the rules of their competition—not the Government and, I premier league can be. We in West Yorkshire hope to see am afraid, not even the Sports Minister. I may have a Leeds United back in the premier season soon. Hopefully view, but I am afraid I have no such control. This year, Huddersfield Town will join the elite soon, too. the premier league decided to introduce the video assistant referee, commonly known as VAR. I shall be watching with concern to see whether acclimatising to VAR will hamper the newly promoted Since the first introduction of VAR to English football, clubs. It is only fair to say that I have had representations in the FA cup third-round tie between Brighton and on this from the premier league, as I am sure others Crystal Palace back in 2018, it has been much debated have, ahead of the debate. It helpfully points out that in pubs, football clubs and homes across the country. I VAR is only 29 games into its first ever season. Stadium am sure that that debate will continue. The premier attendance since its introduction is tracking at a record league continues to deliver a fantastic experience, and high of 97.5%, although it is questionable whether that the introduction of VAR does not seem to have hampered is about VAR or just the brilliance of the football. The attendance, which is tracking at a record 97.5%, as the league is working with the clubs on guidance with Leader of the Opposition—[Interruption.] Maybe one respect to stadium information for fans. I take all that day! As the shadow Secretary of State, the hon. Member on board; but the premier league is the crème de la for Batley and Spen (Tracy Brabin), said. That is great crème of football. Children from places that we in this capacity for this season, and builds on seven consecutive Chamber have never heard of go to bed dreaming of previous seasons in which utilisation has been above one day playing in it. Such is its success that it is beamed 95%. VAR does not appear to be reducing fans’ appetite all over the world, and its superstars are truly global. to turn up to support their team. That healthy picture is Therefore, while I am willing to take on board the reflected in all professional leagues: attendance at the premier league’s opinions, fans are right to expect a English football league has reached its highest levels in better, more successful introduction. 60 years. In conclusion, VAR must learn to work better. It is vital for fans, future fans and the future of the game. The Labour party and, I am sure, every Member present, Mr Perkins: We should be a little careful about those and Members across the House, look forward very statistics. The vast majority of fans at premier league much to premier league football, and the rest of football, games are watching via season tickets. It is a hard habit getting back to their brilliant best as soon as it is safe to break, and no one is suggesting that they will leave in for them to do so. their droves, but if 67% of those watching are saying, “This is making my experience worse,” simply saying, 3.3 pm “Well, they’re still turning up,” is not good enough. The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport (Nigel Huddleston): It is a Nigel Huddleston: The hon. Gentleman makes a fair pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Mr Betts. I point about the level of enjoyment in the games, but the am grateful to the hon. Member for Chesterfield key thing is attendance and people watching. That is a 295WH Football Attendances: VAR17 MARCH 2020 Football Attendances: VAR 296WH metric we need to pay careful attention to. The passionate The premier league is doing great work with children way in which he articulated the emotional impact of across the country through its Kicks programme. Kicks scoring a goal and the potential disappointment with offers young people, often those most at risk of getting the delays on the VAR, I understand, but we can all involved in antisocial behaviour, regular and constructive remember times when we passionately disagreed with a activities delivered by respected club staff. terrible decision. Weshould not forget such circumstances. Football forms a significant part of many of our lives, and the game is giving back to communities right More than 18 million people made their way to across the country.I am grateful for today’s wide-ranging league fixtures during the 2018-19 season, the highest discussion about the beautiful game. Football is an figure since 1959. Cumulative attendances across the important part of this country’s history, and the championship, league one and league two broke the Government are committed to investing in the grassroots 18 million barrier for a third consecutive year, with the game to ensure it can continue to be enjoyed by all. average gate across all three divisions eclipsing 11,000. The EFL Away Fan Experience Project, which was Mr Clive Betts (in the Chair): I call Toby Perkins to launched for the 2016-17 season, is a prime example of wind up. I will just say that as Chair I have to remain the work of the football authorities to improve fans’ neutral, and I think I have been more than restrained in experience at matches. The EFL is not only focused on not rising to the bait of his comments about football those fans attending the game, though. Its new iFollow rivalries in Sheffield. We will leave it there, and I will see service offers fans the chance to watch selected live him afterwards. games and to enjoy audio commentary from matches across the EFL, meaning that games remain accessible 3.10 pm to those who may have moved away from the area or Mr Perkins: I am somewhat nervous now, Mr Betts! cannot make it to matches with their physical presence. I thank those Members who have contributed. I It is great to see that the game is going from strength appreciate that, as everyone has said, there are other to strength in this country. The football authorities are matters that concern us, but the case that I have made engaging with fans to improve their matchday experience over the course of my speech remains my view. I also and the record-breaking attendance implies that that is welcome the comments that other people have made working. They continue to do a great job running their about the ways in which VAR can be improved; I accept respective competitions, and it is right that any decisions the likelihood that there will be reform to VAR and, over their rules, including the future use of VAR, should hopefully, improved engagement with fans and spectators rest with them as custodians of the game. Again, I am not rather than abolition, which is what I would prefer. convinced that fans want the Sports Minister to decide On the subject of attendance, the demands of the on such things, or on the offside or the handball rule. public are not to be ignored. As someone who has attended football matches for 40 years or more, the Attendance at top-tier football games is important, popularity of football is not what it has always been. but it is also vital for games at a local level. Frequently, There have been times when it was a very different grassroots games are being called off owing to a lack of experience, and we should not take for granted the available or adequate facilities. The Government have successes we have had. It is incumbent on those who are therefore committed to investing £550 million in grassroots in charge of the game to understand what they have and football facilities in support of our bid for the men’s why their product is so successful, and to preserve and 2030 World cup. That will help to improve facilities all safeguard it. When the people who put in the money to across the country, meaning that by 2030 every adult make that product so successful urge them to change and child, in every community across England, will be direction, they should take that seriously. no more than 15 minutes away from a quality pitch. Question put and agreed to. That investment will build on the great work already Resolved, done by the Football Foundation, a charity jointly That this House has considered VAR and its effect on football funded by the Government, the Football Association attendances. and the premier league. Since its inception in 2000, the Football Foundation has delivered £495 million towards 3.12 pm developing and creating new facilities. Sitting suspended. 297WH 17 MARCH 2020 Private Rented Sector 298WH

Private Rented Sector Older renters are more likely than homeowners to have long-term health problems. I am sure other Members are aware from their advice surgeries that problems in the private rented sector are rife. We have probably all [SIR GARY STREETER in the Chair] dealt with damp walls and other conditions that people live in. We have to ensure that older and more vulnerable 4 pm renters are protected, which is why this debate is so Tulip Siddiq (Hampstead and Kilburn) (Lab): I beg important today. to move, We know that poorly maintained housing is rife in That this House has considered the private rented sector. the private rented sector.As a democracy,as a Government It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, and as a country, we need to start looking at it more and Sir Gary. I declare my interest as a landlady to private more, especially as we have been warned over and again renters and I refer everyone here to my declaration in that we are more likely to get the virus if we have an the Register of Members’ Financial Interests. I know underlying health condition. the whole House is focused on the coronavirus—rightfully so—and I think I speak on behalf of everyone here Dr Rupa Huq (Ealing Central and Acton) (Lab): I am when I say that our thoughts are with those who have grateful to my hon. Friend, who is making a passionate lost loved ones and those suffering the symptoms and speech. The other day at the all-party group on housing having to self-isolate. I give a nod to everyone here, and planning, it was pointed out that one in four adults including our civil servants who have made the effort to in this country suffers from a diagnosable mental health come in. Things are quite scary, and I have just found condition, and one in five says that it is exacerbated by out that my daughter’s nursery is closing, which is the their housing. Does she agree that with this killer/death/ scariest prospect for the children. I want to talk about invisible pandemic in our midst we should address how coronavirus will impact those who privately rent, mental health conditions, too, in the housing picture? especially those on a low income. Will she also pay tribute to our hon. Friend the Member The crisis poses a serious threat to private renters. I for Westminster North (Ms Buck) and her Homes wanted to bring this topic up because I do not want (Fitness for Human Habitation) Act 2018, which the people to have to choose between whether they pay rent Government agreed to only after Grenfell? or self-isolate should they be faced with the symptoms in the months and weeks ahead. I am sure the Minister understands that we need to act now to protect tenants. Tulip Siddiq: I will pay tribute to our hon. Friend the A large number could be unfairly evicted, which could Member for Westminster North (Ms Buck) shortly, but lead to homelessness if people start to fall behind in what my hon. Friend the Member for Ealing Central paying rent in one of the scariest and most dangerous and Acton (Dr Huq) says is very important. I have not periods of our history in this country. It is vital that we mentioned mental health in this speech, because it is protect people in the private rented sector from homelessness already too long, as most people can see. However, and vital to insulate them financially to ensure that every time I hold an advice surgery, 80% of my casework security of tenure is available to them if they feel they is based on housing. When I deal with housing casework, need to self-isolate and cannot go to work. I hope the people say, “Well, I have asthma”, or this or that Minister will seriously consider Labour’s Front Bench problem medically, and then, “As a result, I have had proposals on rent deferrals and a ban on evicting those mental health problems,” so there is a clear link between who fall behind in their rent because of coronavirus. the housing conditions that someone lives in and the A lot has been talked about coronavirus in terms of mental health problems that they may develop. I absolutely what happens if we get it, what we should do, and how agree with my hon. Friend and I hope that the Minister we should self-isolate, but one thing missing, perhaps will address this topic. rightly,is what happens when we actually get the symptoms. More and more people are growing old in substandard The godmother of my children—Members need not rented accommodation, and that shines a light on the worry; I have not been near her in weeks—got it and she fact that, as a country, we do not take private renting told me the breath was taken away out of her. She was seriously. Five million people in the UK live in the lying in bed and could not get up. She felt like a shadow private rented sector, which is an enormous number, up of her former self. There was absolutely no way she from 2.8 million in 2007. The proportion of renting could go to work, but she is in a situation where, even if households in London, where my hon. Friend and I are she does not go to work, she will still get paid. She is MPs, is expected to grow to 40% of the total in five one of the lucky ones because she can continue to live in years’ time. Again, these are staggering figures, yet I feel her house, but that is not the case for all of us, which is that too often as politicians, and as a Government, we why this debate is so important today. see renting as nothing more than a stepping stone to It is not only working-age renters that coronavirus home ownership. While the aspiration to own a home is will impact. I have looked at the Office for National common among us, including many of my constituents, Statistics and found a few facts and figures that surprised the obscene cost of housing, especially in London, puts me. The private rented sector is gradually becoming this dream well out of reach for the hundreds of thousands older as fewer families can afford to buy a home. of private renters who are living on the breadline and According to Age UK, more than 700,000 over-60s the 63% who say that they have no savings at all. We privately rent in England, and the proportion of households have to do more to tackle the problem facing private headed by older renters has doubled in the past 15 years. renters. The economic and social crisis that we face as a In my constituency of Hampstead and Kilburn, an result of coronavirus is shining a light on how many estimated 937 over-60s are on housing benefit alone. low-income private renters’ lives are fragile, and it lends 299WH Private Rented Sector17 MARCH 2020 Private Rented Sector 300WH greater urgency—and maybe provides an opportunity—to Tulip Siddiq: This is why I felt that we should continue address this and provide them with the security and with this debate even though I know there are other safety that they need. things on our mind. With the virus, there is a big link to I want to talk a bit about my constituency of Hampstead those who are renting. This is a time when we need and Kilburn, because we have one of the largest proportions to pull together and make demands of the Government of people who live in private rented houses in the to fix this problem, which has been ongoing for a long country—30% of my constituency privately rents. The time but which requires particular urgency now in the more than doubling of the private rented sector over the light of the situation we are facing. last 20 years has meant that in the Borough of Camden, The impact of coronavirus on low-income private which I live in, that type of tenure is now only slightly renters could be devastating. I know many renters are smaller than the owner-occupied sector. Ahead of this already contacting housing charities and renters’ debate, I emailed my constituents to ask them for their organisations such as ACORN out of fear they will not experiences and thoughts about it. I was overwhelmed be able to pay rent this month: those on zero-hours by the number of people who emailed to talk about contracts are particularly worried. I am sure my hon. their experience and how important this issue was to Friend’s constituents are emailing her constantly about them. Many made the point that privately renting is not that. a short-term solution for them. They will have to do it Statutory sick pay of £94.25 will not even come close for the rest of their lives, and therefore, they feel very to covering rent for most Londoners. Members from passionately that we as politicians should tackle the these constituencies in this room will know that their problems that come with it. constituents are struggling to make ends meet, and they The No. 1 thing that came up over and over again is could face far bigger income reductions from the loss of how unaffordable renting in London is. That came out a job or working hours. I hope the Government will loud and clear and I am sure that my hon. Friend—a listen to calls from Opposition Members and others to London Member—will recognise that. Renters in Camden increase statutory sick pay and give more protection to face the fourth highest rents in the whole country. The low paid, insecure and self-employed workers from the median monthly rent for a two-bedroom flat is over effects of coronavirus. £2,000. That reflects the dramatic growth in rents that Anyone who needs to self-isolate—I keep making the we have seen in the last decade, far outstripping any rise point—needs to be able to do so without fearing that in earnings that my constituents may have had. they will lose their home or that they will not be able to feed their children or themselves. We have to make sure Stephen Timms (East Ham) (Lab): I very much agree that anyone who has a cough or a fever feels that they with the points that my hon. Friend is making. Is not can stay at home without fear of falling behind on their one of the problems the failure to keep the level of rents rent and suffering huge financial repercussions. in track with the local housing allowance, which supports families on low incomes who rent privately? On the Kim Johnson (Liverpool, Riverside) (Lab): Does my latest assessment, after the four-year freeze that we have good friend concur that landlord licensing is a good had, and the tiny inflation rise this year across England, way of ensuring that, in the private rented sector, the only in 2% of the country can people afford to rent a most vulnerable members of our constituencies live in three-bedroom home within the local housing allowance. adequate accommodation and do not suffer adversely because of the poor quality of their properties,exacerbating their health conditions? Will she call on the Government Tulip Siddiq: I will come to the link between local to extend landlord licensing in Liverpool? housing allowance rents and rental growth later, but I thoroughly agree with my right hon. Friend that because Tulip Siddiq: I will come to this later in my speech, the link has been broken, people are put at risk of but I fully agree with her. Some of the conditions in eviction and eventually homelessness. He will know that which our constituents and especially those who are more than ever, representing a London constituency, very vulnerable live, which are described to me and in where there are serious problems with overcrowding—I some of the reports I have read, is despicable. We have know his constituency well. got to do something about this and tackle the issue, We have seen a dramatic growth in rents in the last which is becoming a serious problem across the country— decade. The average private rent is an astonishing £4,500 not just in London but, as my hon. Friend says, in more than it was in 2010. That is how much it has Liverpool as well. accelerated in the last 10 years and here are some of the The long-term impact of our failure to tackle sky-high results. Some 30% of tenants now struggle to pay rent; rents is a slow erosion of our communities. That is why I over a quarter of London renters spend more than half brought this debate here because I am worried about their wages on rent alone; one in three older renters lives what that is doing to our communities. Local people in poverty after rent has been paid; and it is no wonder from my constituency of Hampstead and Kilburn are that 60% of renting families say they are just one pay being driven out of areas where they grew up and which cheque away from losing their home. they love but where they cannot afford to live. The Conservative Government have wasted so much Paula Barker (Liverpool, Wavertree) (Lab): On that time, effort and money on schemes such as Help to Buy. point, over the past week, I have been contacted by I know some people benefit from that, but the vast many constituents with coronavirus. Does my hon. majority of my constituents have not. We want the Friend agree that it is essential for the Government to Government to build genuinely affordable homes and step in and ensure that those people are looked after, as we need to bring down rents in the private sector. Now has been done in other countries? we want to make sure the Government do not block 301WH Private Rented Sector17 MARCH 2020 Private Rented Sector 302WH

[Tulip Siddiq] Kim Johnson: One of the issues we face at the moment is that private landlords are benefiting significantly mayors such as Sadiq Khan from introducing sensible from housing benefit and public sector money. Does my rent control. That will help people in my constituency hon. Friend agree that we need to look at how we invest from being priced out of London. I feel very strongly that money in a different way to ensure that our constituents about this. I grew up in my constituency and I went to live in good properties? We need to look at how public school there, but I can afford to live there. There are sector funding stays in the public sector, to support the thousands like me who were born there, lived there and most vulnerable. went to school there, but who feel they can no longer afford to live there. Sir Gary Streeter (in the Chair): I would just remind I will turn now to the point made by my hon. Friend hon. Members that this debate ends at 4.30 pm. the Member for Liverpool, Riverside about poor housing conditions. Anyone who has held advice surgeries will Tulip Siddiq: I agree with my hon. Friend and will know that conditions in the private rental sector are the come to that topic later in my speech. worst of any tenure. One in four privately rented homes We are hearing stories of some landlords trying is classified as “non-decent”, which should make us to increase rents since coronavirus hit and refusing to hang our hands in shame. That means that an estimated negotiate with tenants over rent holidays in response to 600,000 children are living in housing that is either the pandemic. That not only highlights the need for the damp, dangerous or overcrowded, sometimes lacking in compulsory rent deferrals that Labour is calling for—I basic facilities.Some 200,000 households are in overcrowded hope the Minister will address that point—but for a private-rented accommodation, including a shocking universal register of landlords, to crack down on rogue 32% in Camden, where I live. That could pose huge landlords and to give renters the information they need challenges for people who have coronavirus or have the to make informed choices when they are thinking of symptoms of it and want to self-isolate. renting a house. As one good landlord who lives locally Advice4Renters, a fantastic organisation based in the wrote to me, a register is in the interest of good landlords. Brent part of my constituency, highlighted the story of I am pleased to see that Labour is leading the way one family who have developed serious health problems around the country. The Welsh Labour Government as a result of nearly two decades of living in a property have introduced a compulsory licensing scheme, called that Brent Council eventually declared uninhabitable. Rent Smart Wales. Sadiq Khan, who I have already The surveyor’s report makes for grim reading—I am mentioned, has used the limited powers he has to introduce sure lots of Members have seen similar reports. It talks a rogue landlord checker. Brent is one of the councils about water leaks, black mould, rotten wood, waterlogged that has successively used selective licensing to improve brickwork, insufficient heating, loose electrical sockets, conditions in thousands of homes and to prosecute long-broken fixtures, cracked walls—the list goes on. roguelandlords.ItwasdisappointingthatBrent’sapplication to expand the licensing scheme was rejected by Ministers Another corporate landlord who has been sued multiple last month. The Government should be encouraging times by both Camden and Brent left one elderly resident landlord licensing, rather than trying to shut it down with health problems in accommodation with serious at every opportunity. I hope that the Government water penetration for more than 15 years. With coronavirus will look seriously at introducing an England-wide posing the greatest risk to exactly the people I am landlord register. describing, it is vital that we provide resources to local councils to enforce improvements to their housing. The most important thing that renters need is enforceable rights to get their accommodation improved, if it is not It is not all gloom and doom. Obviously, there are to standard. They have some options. The first is to good landlords. I spoke to a landlord who is going to let contact the local authority, which has the power to his private tenants defer payment until August to ensure inspect properties and take enforcement action against that they do not feel nervous and are not living in fear. landlords. However, local government funding has been There are good landlords, and I am grateful for all the cut so much—by 43% since 2010—that councils’ ability good landlords who are showing compassion at a difficult to enforce standards has been decimated. The amount time. They take care of their properties and respect available to spend on housing enforcement has fallen by their tenants. One of the most thoughtful responses I 25% in that time. My hon. Friend the Member for received when I emailed my constituents ahead of this Ealing Central and Acton mentioned that our constituency debate was from a landlord who keeps rent low. He said neighbour, my hon. Friend the Member for Westminster that he wants to see tenants’ rights strengthened. He North, to whom I pay tribute, pushed the Homes (Fitness thinks that the market will be better if his tenants have for Human Habitation) Act 2018 through Parliament. better rights than they have right now. Unfortunately, That means that renters can take their landlord to there are far too many landlords exploiting the lack of court. However, to do that people need the financial protection for tenants, to avoid responsibilities, and means, and the Tories have taken an axe to the legal aid who are, in some cases, breaking the law. There are system. I hope that they will look again at that, because some cases where people have come to my surgery and I few people can now apply for legal aid for housing say, “They are actually breaking the law.” matters. There is a need to restore funding to both local One particularly aggressive corporate landlord I am government and legal aid. dealing with at the moment—he will remain unnamed, There is a lot more I want to say but, because of the although I am very inclined to name him—has hundreds time, I will ask the Minister a few questions, which I of properties in my constituency. Constituents have hope he can answer. First, what measures do the spoken to me about how he is aggressively refurbishing Government plan to bring in to support private renters properties to drive out existing tenants and drive up rents. who are affected by coronavirus? That is the obvious 303WH Private Rented Sector17 MARCH 2020 Private Rented Sector 304WH question. In particular, will he support low-income and community, and to plan for the future with confidence. insecure workers, including those on housing benefit, so Millions of responsible tenants could be uprooted by that they can self-isolate safely and not worry about their landlords with little notice and often, as I am sure eviction? Secondly, with rents in London remaining so we all agree, with little justification. That is wrong, and stubbornly high, for what possible reason are the we plan to put an end to it. Government refusing to devolve powers to introduce We are therefore making the biggest change to the sensible rent controls? Why are they blocking attempts private rented sector in a generation: our rental reform by regional and local governments to bring in landlord Bill will introduce a better deal for tenants. It will licensing? Thirdly, when will the renters reform Bill be contain a package of reforms to deliver a fairer and introduced, and how long will it take for no-fault evictions more effective rental market, improving the lives of to be scrapped? Will the Minister consider bringing in many renters across our country. We will set out our emergency legislation to ban evictions for rent arrears plans for the Bill in the coming months. We are now caused by loss of a job or income as a result of the working intensively with stakeholder organisations across virus? What measures does he plan to tackle DSS the private rented sector to ensure we get that right. discrimination in the private rented sector, so that people That is informing the development of the legislation, so have a fair shot at getting accommodation and councils that we create a system that really works. can easily rehouse homeless people? Finally, I have focused on older renters, and, given the risk to them The hon. Lady touched on older renters in her speech. from the virus, what urgent steps will the Government She is absolutely right that the private rented sector is take to improve conditions in the private rented sector, home to an increasing number of older people. Poor so that people can be safe in their homes? standards are a real risk for that group. We are working closely with the Department for Business, Energy and I am sure that the Minister is aware of the urgency of Industrial Strategy and the Department for Work and the situation. This is a time when the country needs to Pensions to ensure that older people can keep their come together and help the most vulnerable. We need to homes warm. That is why we are embarking on a major be bold and bring in emergency legislation to make sure drive to improve standards in the private rented sector. that low-income private renters are not hit hardest by The vast majority of landlords, I am sure we agree, are the virus that is taking over the country. responsible and law-abiding people who care passionately and deeply about providing good-quality accommodation 4.22 pm for the people who live in their homes. The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Housing, Standards in the private rented sector, however, are Communities and Local Government (Luke Hall): It is a lower than those in other tenures. That is not acceptable, pleasure to serve under your chairmanship again, Sir Gary. and we have given local authorities strong enforcement I thank the hon. Member for Hampstead and Kilburn powers, including banning orders, to address that by (Tulip Siddiq) for bringing the debate to the House and law. Private rented homes must be free from the most for the way she did so. She brought a constructive tone serious health and safety hazards. They must have smoke to the issues that she raised, and is clearly passionate on detectors on every floor and have gas boilers and behalf of her constituents. She made clear points about installations checked every year. Just this morning, we the number of people living in the private rented sector debated our regulations requiring landlords to carry whom she represents, and the clear, positive level of out electrical safety inspections at least every five years. engagement that she has with her constituents about I am grateful that support for that measure came from those matters. I commend her for that, and I understand across the House. Landlords must also prove that the about her daughter’s nursery provision being cancelled. electrics in their property meet the legal standards, or My two boys are under two and theirs has been cancelled get the work done to make them safe. this week. She made a number of points about the The hon. Lady and other Members raised the important seriousness of the situation we face with covid-19 and I issue of the mental health of tenants in the PRS. She is shall come on to that. I will touch on as many of the absolutely right: poor standards can affect mental health points she raised as possible. negatively. That is why they will form an important part The hon. Lady is clearly right that not only is the of our reforms of the housing health-and-safety rating private rented sector the second largest tenure in England, system. She also asked about the national register to housing more than 11 million people and representing protect tenants. We absolutely want to get the balance about 19% of all housing in England; it is also housing right between supporting good landlords and tackling an increasingly diverse range of tenants. The sector criminals. We have already introduced a database of plays a hugely important role in providing homes across rogue landlords and property agents so that local authorities the country and is an integral element of our approach can tackle the worst offenders and prevent them from to making sure that the housing market works for operating in order better to protect tenants.The consultation people across the country. Yet the housing market has on extending information on the database to tenants undoubtedly left many tenants feeling insecure. She closed on 12 October. We are reviewing the responses. highlighted that articulately in her speech. We are clear When we publish any follow-up, I am happy to ensure that we will introduce a better deal for renters and that the hon. Lady is sighted of that information. deliver a package of reforms aimed at creating a fairer, I highlight the fact that the vast majority of landlords more effective rental market. We know that there is a lot play an important role in providing decent quality more to do. We are committed to taking action and we housing, but we are determined to crack down on the know that that action must improve people’s lives across small number of unscrupulous landlords who neglect the country and deliver a sector that works for everyone their property and exploit their tenants. We want such living in it. Everyone renting in the private sector has landlords to comply or to leave the sector altogether. the right to feel secure in their home and settled in their The cost of enforcement should be placed on the few 305WH Private Rented Sector 17 MARCH 2020 306WH

[Luke Hall] Surrey: M25 Noise Pollution landlords who deliberately rent out substandard and unsafe accommodation, not on the taxpayer. We are 4.30 pm also looking at ways to improve access to, and to expand the scope of, the database. Mr Jonathan Lord (Woking) (Con): I beg to move, Given the time, I will turn to covid-19. Hon. Members That this House has considered M25 noise pollution in Surrey. in all parts of the House have taken a hugely constructive It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, view of how to support people through this hugely Sir Gary, and I am delighted to have secured this debate. difficult situation faced by our country. The hon. Lady is right that no one should feel that they cannot afford The issue at hand is a simple one. Between junctions to self-isolate in the current climate. To preface some of 10 and 11 on the M25, the surface of the motorway the remarks that I am about to make, we have already consists of concrete blocks. The concrete surface itself announced some measures, but I confirm that very is noisy, and there are gaps between each of the concrete shortly the Chancellor will outline a further package of blocks that constitute the road. The repetitive buffeting support for people in this sector later today. I cannot, that occurs as a vehicle’s tyres pass over these expansion unfortunately, update her on exactly what that is before joints adds substantially to the overall noise levels. Take it is announced; I hope she understands. However, I it from me, Sir Gary, it is unpleasant and noisy to drive confirm that this is being taken very seriously, and we on, and it causes noise pollution for several thousand of are working on it intensively to ensure that we can get it my constituents who live in Byfleet, West Byfleet and announced as quickly as possible. Pyrford. The noise is so loud and incessant that it can regularly carry for up to 3 km or so, but when the wind We have already announced a range of measures, is in certain directions, it can also affect those who live including a £500 million hardship fund. We will set out up to 4 km away. more details of that shortly. We are bringing forward measures to allow the payment of statutory sick pay The noise is, of course, also heard by residents living from the first day rather than the fourth. We also have a and working near the M25 in the neighbouring constituency range of support in place for those who do not receive of Runnymede and Weybridge. I take this opportunity statutory sick pay, including those on universal credit to pay tribute to my hon. Friend and neighbour the and contribution-based employment support allowance. Member for Runnymede and Weybridge (Dr Spencer) I hope that the hon. Lady will bear with us for a few for his diligent work and support on this important more hours to hear some more detail. matter, and to his predecessor, the right hon. Philip Hammond, with whom I have also liaised closely on We are committed to building a private sector that this in previous years. I also acknowledge the work and works for everyone across our country. We will introduce campaigning of the key members of the M25 J10-11 a better deal for renters that improves the lives of Action Group, who have highlighted this matter very people across our country. I thank the hon. Lady for effectively since forming their group in June 2019, and securing the debate. the leadership of that organisation by Councillor Amanda Question put and agreed to. Boote, who has brought formidable amounts of drive and energy to that role. Some 20 years ago, the then Labour Government announced their commitment to replacing or overlaying all concrete main roads with lower-noise materials by 31 March 2011, irrespective of maintenance needs. Sadly, during a subsequent Labour Government’s spending review—in 2008, I believe—it was considered that that commitment was no longer affordable, presumably due to fiscal tightening in the immediate aftermath of the global financial crisis. Since then I have been told by Highways England and by Ministers that, while they appreciate the concerns of residents, there are currently no plans to resurface the 7 km section of the M25. They have assured me and my constituents that they are looking for ways to improve the situation, and Highways England has recently done work to repair failed joints in the concrete carriageways. However, it is clear to all those who use this section of the M25 that the driving experience is still unpleasant and noisy, and the feedback so far from local residents is that the work has not made an appreciable difference to the overall noise levels for surrounding communities. At one point in our recent correspondence, Highways England told me that it does not now resurface a concrete road unless it is strictly needed from the point of view of driving safety, and that in the case of the M25, with continued maintenance, it did not expect the road to need resurfacing for many years to come. 307WH Surrey: M25 Noise Pollution17 MARCH 2020 Surrey: M25 Noise Pollution 308WH

But what about the lives of residents who have to put There are currently no plans to resurface the carriageways on up with these unacceptable noise levels? Why should this section of the M25, but there is a trial to test materials and residents be kept awake at night? Why should residents techniques which could help to reduce noise and improve the not be able to enjoy their gardens in summertime or performance of concrete surfaces which is currently being carried out on the M1. The trial includes measurement of the noise even be able to open their windows? What about the reduction achieved and the rate of deterioration of the different impact on teachers and children, who cannot help treatments and is anticipated to continue until 2022. The results hearing this noise in their schools? Mrs Letitia Mackie, of this trial will help Highways England to decide how to manage the deputy head of Byfleet primary school, told me the concrete surfaces on its roads in the future, including this section other week: of the M25.” “Byfleet primary school lies directly beside the M25, at a It is hugely disappointing to me that the Government stretch where the concrete is in place. Our children and families and Highways England seem to have set their face live within the catchment area for the school and many of their against an acceptable resolution of this matter within homes are very close to the M25 as well. The sound of the the next year or so. I hope that the arguments set out in vehicles rumbling over the concrete can be heard in our playground the petition and put forward by me and my colleagues and on a windy day it tends to be even louder. However, at night the sound carries much further and many of our pupils speak of in this debate can lead to the urgent work that I believe not being able to sleep, or having a disturbed night, every night. is required. After all, we have been waiting since the Sleep is a major factor in growing up to be healthy and strong, millennium for an initial Government promise on this and we are very concerned that some of our children have had matter to be fulfilled, and the long-suffering residents of this sleep disruption all of their lives. How has this affected their the areas most affected have had to put up with this ability to learn and what are the long-term health issues that they noise since the opening of the M25 in 1986. may face? It is a serious limiting factor in our aim to enable each child to reach their full potential.” If urgent action does not prove possible, I would like a firm undertaking from the Minister that this issue will Those are wise words, expressing genuine concerns. be fully sorted out within 12 months of the results of Surely something must be done about this issue. those tests on the concrete surfaces of the M1 being Doubtless the cost of resurfacing this section of road completed. That is a reasonable request to make on will be high, but I am confident that that cost pales in behalf of those residents whose quality of life has been comparison with the damage that this section of road is blighted for the past 34 years. doing to the lives of thousands of my constituents and their children. 4.40 pm Last month, my hon. Friend the Member for Runnymede and Weybridge and I joined members of the M25 Dr Ben Spencer (Runnymede and Weybridge) (Con): J10-11 Action Group to deliver a petition signed by I pay tribute to my hon. Friend the Member for Woking over 3,000 local residents to No. 10 Downing Street. (Mr Lord) for all his work in this area, and to the M25 The petition is not asking for every motorway section in action group. Most of what I intended to say was quite the UK to be resurfaced and nor is it asking for the eloquently summed up by my hon. Friend, so I will just other concrete sections of the M25 to be resurfaced go over a few points, to reiterate the strength of my hon. where there are no built-up or residential neighbourhoods Friend’s argument. I appreciate that, given current events, nearby. However, it is petitioning for the carriageway this is arguably not the right time for this debate. It is between junctions 10 and 11 to be resurfaced properly, right that the Government must prioritise tackling the so that residents and pupils can enjoy their lives without current pandemic, but Members must also continue to this incessant noise. represent the wider needs of our constituencies. The petition read as follows: When we emerge from the current social restrictions, “The petition of the residents of Woking declares that the ensuring a swift return to economic and social activity resurfacing work and noise reduction must be carried out on the will be vital, and our infrastructure will be key. However, M25 between junctions 10 and 11…further that these residents, improvements to our infrastructure also need to be children attending local schools and people who work in the area quality, because it cannot be that our residents are have been and are currently adversely affected by the ever increasing already hugely adversely affected by the impact of our volume of traffic and continued deterioration of the original infrastructure—noise pollution on the M25. Many of surface; and acknowledges that an online petition for drivers has my constituents are quite seriously affected by the noise. collected a significant number of signatures calling for the resurfacing In parts of New Haw, Addlestone and Chertsey, cars of the road. The petitioners therefore request that the House of Commons urges the Department for Transport and Highways can be heard rattling past a kilometre away from the England to fully resurface and significantly reduce the noise levels motorway. When driving up the motorway, as I have on the M25 between junctions 10 and 11.” done many times, cars shake with the noise. It is quite On 3 March, I received an answer to two written clear to everybody how that noise can go over the parliamentary questions, which I believe is the most barriers and affect people living locally. recent formal response on this important matter that I Is the Minister willing to commit to reviewing the have received to date from either Ministers or Highways proposals for this stretch of the M25 later this year, and England. The reply from the Minister who is here to meet me and my hon. Friend, in order to take this today—the Under-Secretary of State for Transport, the forward and look at how we can improve the situation? hon. Member for Rochester and Strood (Kelly Tolhurst)— read as follows: 4.42 pm “Highways England is aware that noise is an important issue for residents living next to the M25 motorway between junctions 10 Karl Turner (Kingston upon Hull East) (Lab): It is and 11, and is actively looking for ways to improve the situation. always an absolute pleasure to serve under your chairship, Work to repair failed joints in the concrete carriageways was Sir Gary. I congratulate the hon. Member for Woking completed in November 2019 and this should help to reduce the (Mr Lord) on securing this debate, which is incredibly noise level. important to his constituents. I intend to keep my 309WH Surrey: M25 Noise Pollution17 MARCH 2020 Surrey: M25 Noise Pollution 310WH

[Karl Turner] of asphalt could simply be put over the concrete, or the whole section could be removed and replaced. However, remarks incredibly brief, not least because I know the both of those approaches would lead to further problems. Minister, and I know that she is working incredibly Resurfacing over the concrete with a layer of asphalt hard with her officials on other business. would mean that the joints between the slabs would Noise pollution is an issue, and motorists clearly find continue to show through, which would present real this problem deeply unpleasant when driving. I know weaknesses in the road surface. This is particularly the that the AA is often inundated with complaints and case because this section of the M25 was widened in the concerns about faults to vehicles, and I also know that mid-1990s, so the joints are now in the lane, not under this is a road safety issue, in that some people slam on the white lines as they were originally. Because the the brakes when they hear the noise. Noise pollution is a asphalt on those joints would be subjected to constant major issue. It causes physical and mental health problems. wear and tear from vehicles, it would degrade more The Budget committed to a £30 billion investment in quickly, resulting in more frequent closures to repeatedly road networks, but a surge in road building will only resurface the road. It would also mean that one of the increase road noise and pollution. causes of the noise in the area—that is, the noise created by cars travelling over the joints—would not be properly The Government should reduce road usage by better resolved. investing in public transport, such as bus networks and—in the area of the hon. Member for Woking—the An alternative proposal is that the concrete be removed South Western rail network. In addition, the Government in its entirety. However, doing so on one of the busiest need to do much more to encourage the uptake of sections of motorway in the country would be prohibitively electric and hybrid vehicles. That is all I want to say. disruptive and expensive. Lanes would need to be shut entirely for extended periods of time to both remove the concrete and replace it with a new surface, and the 4.43 pm difficulty of removing the concrete from under and The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Transport around bridges would further increase costs. Therefore, (Kelly Tolhurst): It is a pleasure to serve under your both resurfacing over the concrete with asphalt and chairmanship, Sir Gary. I thank my hon. Friend the replacing the road surface in its entirety are costly and Member for Woking (Mr Lord) for securing this debate disruptive options: covering with asphalt would not on an issue that I know he and his constituents feel resolve the issue sufficiently and would lead to an strongly about. I also thank my hon. Friend the Member increase in disruptive works on the motorway, and for Runnymede and Weybridge (Dr Spencer), who offered replacing the concrete would be prohibitively expensive his thoughts on the subject. and disruptive. Having covered some of the proposed solutions to I believe that the roads Minister,my colleague, Baroness the problem of noise from the M25 in Surrey and Vere, would be happy to meet hon. Members to discuss explained why they do not make either practical or their concerns about the M25. I will highlight that I am economic sense, it is important to highlight what is very aware of the problems that hon. Members have being done. A great deal of work is going on that aims mentioned in relation to this section of the M25. I to reduce or resolve the noise issues experienced by travelled on it extensively over the years prior to my those who live closest to the motorway.Highways England becoming a Member of Parliament, so I am not completely is well aware of the noise important areas that DEFRA ignorant of the challenges. has highlighted, and has done extensive work to ensure I understand and appreciate that the constant noise preventative methods are in place at these locations. In generated by road traffic can be seen as a real burden by most cases, those preventative methods take the form of those living next door to a busy road. As this debate has a barrier alongside the road that shields the properties highlighted, the road surface in place on this section of nearby from much of the noise. There are no further the M25 in Surrey is a real problem for those who live sections of this part of the M25 in Surrey at which near it. The use of concrete as a road surface undoubtedly barriers would be of significant benefit to those living has flaws, compared with asphalt. Nevertheless, it was in the vicinity. and remains a resilient and durable material, which is There are, of course, other areas that are not as why it was used extensively throughout the 1980s, and densely populated and are without barriers,but nevertheless specifically in 1985 when this section of road was built. still need noise mitigation action to be carried out. In Concrete is extremely durable: it lasts about three times those areas, designated as locations where there are as long as asphalt, demonstrated by the fact that this fewer than 10 properties, it does not make economic section of the M25 has not been resurfaced, as others sense to install a barrier. Therefore, in those locations, have been. there has been an offer to install noise insulation, which The concrete surface of the road is not the only reason is essentially double glazing designed to reduce the why noise levels in this area are high. It is important to amount of noise experienced in those properties. I remember that the Department for Environment, Food absolutely take the point made by my hon. Friend the and Rural Affairs has done extensive work to highlight Member for Woking that such measures do necessarily those areas of this section of the M25 that are considered not control the noise levels residents experience in their excessively noisy. DEFRA has designated those areas as gardens and the wider atmosphere outside properties. I noise important areas, and Highways England is working also note his point about the primary school. hard to do what it can to reduce noise levels in them. I Nine sites on this section of the M25 have already will say more about that issue later. had noise insulation offered and installed where house- Much has been made of the fact that one solution to holds wanted it; on a further two sites it has yet to be the noise problem could be to resurface this section of completed. Highways England has also identified further the M25 with asphalt. It has been suggested that a layer sites where noise insulation would be a possible solution. 311WH Surrey: M25 Noise Pollution17 MARCH 2020 Surrey: M25 Noise Pollution 312WH

Noise insulation is not the only approach being taken. My hon. Friend asked me to guarantee that works Extensive work is under way to replace the joints between will be agreed within 12 months of the trial finishing. the slabs of concrete. As my hon. Friend outlined, the He will appreciate that I am unable to guarantee that joints are one of the main causes of noise, and replacing absolutely, but I guarantee that once the trials have them is not only good for the condition of the road taken place, Ministers will work with hon. Members to surface but helps to reduce noise. The joints are being ensure that we can take forward the remedial works that made flush with the surface of the road. are possible and economical. That will be either through Although work on this section of the M25 has been mitigation such as barriers, noise insulation or regular focused on mitigating noise and improving the experience maintenance of the road surface, or through innovation of those living close by, other sections of the strategic and development of new techniques and use of materials road network also have concrete surfaces. Highways to reduce the level of noise for constituents living around England is currently running a trial on the M1 at the M25 and for those who drive over it. junction 5 near Bricket Wood in which it is looking at materials and surfacing techniques that could be used to reduce the noise of traffic travelling over concrete. 4.55 pm The trial started in 2018 and is due to complete in 2022. Mr Lord: I thank the Minister for responding to the So far, Highways England has identified a number of debate. My hon. Friend the Member for Runnymede potential solutions to reducing noise. There are still and Weybridge (Dr Spencer) and I would very much more options to investigate before the trial finishes in like to take up her offer of exploring the potential 2022. I do not want to prejudge any the results of the solutions and reiterating the challenges and problems trial, but the solutions that it identifies will help form with the roads Minister, so I look forward to that the basis of Highways England’s planning as it looks to meeting. I was encouraged, and even tantalised a little, the future. That is particularly important because any by what treatments might be being tested. I hope that ways to reduce road surface noise effectively and cheaply they can bring some succour and an end to the worst mean that locations such as those in Surrey on the M25 aspects of the problems that my constituents have faced can be treated, with the lives of those living nearby over many years. I also thank the shadow Minister, the significantly improved. hon. Member for Kingston upon Hull East (Karl Turner), Finally, I turn to what is happening now and in the for speaking, I think, broadly in support of my constituents immediate future on this section of the M25. Highways and for recognising the challenges that they face. England is focused on maintenance to ensure that the I would particularly like to offer warm thanks to my road infrastructure on this section of the M25 remains friend and colleague, my hon. Friend the Member for in a suitable condition. That includes work to reduce Runnymede and Weybridge. It was a great pleasure to the amount of water ingress through joints. There is a go with him and some campaigning constituents to take programme of retexturing that will increase safety for the petition outlining these problems right to the door the travelling public as it will increase grip on the road of No. 10 Downing Street—to the heart of Government. surface, which has been smoothed down over time. If I may say so, he is already a great champion of his Highways England will also conduct a review of the constituents. I very much look forward to working with joints between junctions 8 and 10 this year, with an him in the months and years ahead on this and any expectation that any works will be carried out in the other issue that affects both our constituencies. 2020-21 financial year. Thank you, Sir Gary, for your chairmanship. I look Once again, I thank my hon. Friend for securing the forward to battling on for my constituents on this debate and for the constructive approach that Members important matter in the months and years to come. have taken to tackling an issue that affects their constituents Question put and agreed to. so much. As I said at the start of my speech, I recognise the noise concerns of those living in the vicinity of the Resolved, M25. The Government are well aware of these issues—as That this House has considered M25 noise pollution in Surrey. my hon. Friend outlined, he and colleagues have been lobbying on it over a number of years—and Highways England is fully committed to doing what it can to 4.57 pm reduce noise levels in those areas. Sitting adjourned.

15WS Written Statements 17 MARCH 2020 Written Statements 16WS

from Openreach and Virgin Media. Virgin Media will Written Statements contribute at least £500, rising in the case of some larger sites to £1,000. Openreach has also committed to Tuesday 17 March 2020 a combined Openreach and developer contribution of £3,400, with a maximum developer contribution of £2,000. Wehave had initial discussions on similar commitments DIGITAL, CULTURE, MEDIA AND SPORT with smaller network operators and will seek to formalise Gigabit Broadband more commitments in advance of this legislation coming into force. As building standards are a devolved matter, these The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Digital, proposed amendments will apply in England only.However, Culture, Media and Sport (Matt Warman): This as the provision of gigabit-capable connections to new Government have ambitious plans to achieve nationwide homes is a priority for all of us across the whole of the roll-out of future-proof gigabit broadband as soon as UK, my officials will continue to work closely with the possible. Delivering these ambitions will unlock huge devolved Administrations to ensure this policy is economic and social benefits for all members of society. implemented in a consistent manner across the UK. The provision of gigabit-capable connectivity to new 1 that is a connection with speeds of at least 24 Mbps build developments is a crucial element of meeting our [HCWS166] ambitious broadband targets. Ensuring virtually all new homes, rural and urban, are built with the future in mind, ready to support the next generation of digital HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE infrastructure, is vitally important. My Department consulted on delivering gigabit-capable connections to all new build developments across the UK in 2018. Public Health Grant Today I am pleased to inform members that we have published the Government response to this consultation. The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Health This response announces that the Government will and Social Care (Jo Churchill): Today I am publishing require developers in England to install gigabit-capable the public health allocations to local authorities in infrastructure and, subject to a cost cap, a gigabit-capable England for 2020-21, based on the 2019 spending round. connection. To do this, we will use existing powers in Funding for local government’s health responsibilities the Building Act 1984 to amend the Building Regulations is an essential complement to our plans to invest strongly 2010 to mandate that: in both the NHS and social care, and an important Developers ensure new homes have gigabit broadband. This element of our commitment to focus on prevention of includes ensuring that the physical infrastructure necessary ill health. The 2019 spending round provided a 0.9% for gigabit-capable connections is provided on site for all real-terms increase (£85 million cash) for local authority new build developments and that the home is connected by an operator to a gigabit-capable connection. public health funding in 2020-21. In addition to this The requirement on the developer to provide a gigabit-capable increase I now intend to make an additional £60 million connection exists unless the cost to the developer of providing available through the grant, from DHSC central budgets. connectivity exceeds £2,000, or the operator declines to Through the public health grant and the pilot of provide a connection. 100% retained business rate funding for local authorities Developers must seek a second quote from network operators, in Greater Manchester, we are spending £3.279 billion where the first quote suggests that gigabit-capable broadband on local authority public health in 2020-21. This in cannot be installed within the cost cap. addition to what the NHS spends on preventive If gigabit broadband exceeds the cost cap, the developer interventions such as immunisation and screening. must provide connectivity to other technologies which can provide at least superfast connection1 within the same cost The 2020-21 grant will continue to be subject to cap, unless the operator declines to provide a connection. conditions, including a ring fence requiring local authorities This will establish a system that provides a clear and to use the grant exclusively for public health activity. simple process for developers to comply with, limiting Full details of the public health grants to local authorities the administrative burden on developers to a minimum can be found on gov.uk and are attached. This information and gives a clear point in time for submission of evidence. will be communicated to local authorities in a local Implementing through the Building Regulations 2010 authority circular. will also remove the six to nine month period that [HCWS163] would have been required for primary legislation, speeding up the implementation of this policy. It allows us to National Guardian’s Office: Annual Report proceed immediately to secondary legislation, which would have been required in all circumstances in any case. We will bring forward this legislation as soon as The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Health possible in this parliamentary session. and Social Care (Ms Nadine Dorries): The Government This is not to say that network operators do not are committed to supporting the right of staff working have a key role in this area or that Government will not in the NHS to speak up and raise concerns. This is a hold them to account to ensure that they deliver gigabit- vital step towards ensuring patient safety and improving capable connections. Government are looking to secure quality of services. It should be routine in the NHS. Our commitments from network operators to contribute to interim NHS people plan reinforces this commitment, the costs of connecting new builds. We have been in setting out a vision to make the NHS the best place to active conversations with a number of network operators work—a place where everyone feels they have the power on this topic and have already secured commitments and freedom to speak up. 17WS Written Statements 17 MARCH 2020 Written Statements 18WS

As a Government we take the issue of speaking up senior officials from across the UK intelligence community extremely seriously and have introduced several sources and wider policy departments, with the Director General of support for staff to help them raise concerns when of MI5 having ultimate responsibility for the organisation. they think something is not right. Until now JSTAT has not been publicly acknowledged In 2016, we established the independent national but in order to maximise its utility to the national guardian to help drive positive cultural change across security community, I have taken this important step of the NHS and make speaking up business as usual. As announcing the existence of this organisation. Reaching well as leading culture change, the national guardian out to all parts of the Government, our stakeholders, also provides support and leadership to a network of industry and academia offers the opportunity to gain a over 500 local guardians—in every trust. better understanding of state based threats and will Today, I am laying in Parliament, on behalf the enable more analytic challenge. It will also enable a national guardian, the national guardian’s annual report broader communication of the threat to HMG and for 2019. The report sets out the improved culture in the partners across a wide range of areas as well as enabling NHS, as well as the positive influence that the national the private and charitable sectors to have access to guardian and the network of local freedom to speak up information about the threats so that they can better guardians are having. However, it also shows that there protect themselves. is still more to do. Copies are also being deposited in the JSTAT has enhanced our capabilities and understanding Libraries of both Houses. of the state-based threats we face and will continue to We are committed to ensuring our NHS staff are do so now it has been made public. More information encouraged and supported to raise anything that is about the work of JSTAT can be found on a webpage impacting on their ability to provide the best possible on the MI5 website. care to patients, and the healthcare system is a place [HCWS165] where concerns are valued, listened to and acted upon. As a Government we will continue to work with the national guardian and others to do all we can to support WORK AND PENSIONS NHS staff to raise concerns and make the NHS the best place to work. [HCWS164] Covid-19

The Minister for Disabled People, Health and Work HOME DEPARTMENT (Justin Tomlinson): We have been carefully considering what steps need to be taken in order to reduce the risk to vulnerable claimants and staff members in light of State-based Threats the escalating covid-19 outbreak. The safety of these individuals is the No.1 priority. Wetherefore took the decision to suspend all face-to-face The Secretary of State for the Home Department assessments for health and disability related benefits (Priti Patel): The risks posed to the UK and its allies with immediate effect from 17 March. This includes from state-based threats have both grown and diversified personal independence payment, the industrial injuries in recent years, ranging from espionage and subversion scheme and work capability assessments in both to coercion and assassination. The use of the internet as employment and support allowance and universal credit. a way for states to expand their influence poses new This decision has been taken in order to safeguard the issues and has made it easier for attacks to be carried health of individuals claiming these benefits, many of out, whilst making it harder to identify those responsible. whom are likely to be at greater risk due to their We face sustained and hostile activity which is deliberate pre-existing health conditions. This is also in line with and targeted and intended to threaten our national measures announced yesterday by the Prime Minister. security. Together with our allies, we are taking steps to Due to the immediacy of this change and the need to safeguard our open and democratic societies and promote urgently communicate this to individuals affected, we the international rules-based system that underpins our began communicating this change yesterday.This included stability, security and prosperity. contacting affected claimants with appointments booked My officials have been reviewing current legislation in the coming days as well as contacting MPs directly, in this area. As set out in the Queen’s Speech in December, encouraging them to share the information with their we are developing proposals for new legislation to counter constituency members and local organisations. I can the threat of hostile activity emanating from states however confirm that this measure has only come into during this Parliament. place from today, 17 March. But new legislation is not the only way we are working Anyone who has a face-to-face assessment appointment to counter this threat. Given the risk of state-based scheduled no longer needs to attend. We are working at threats, the Government created a specialist assessment pace with our assessment providers to put in place organisation to focus resource on this critical issue in alternative arrangements and I am grateful to the providers 2017. The Joint State Threats Assessment Team, or for their support in working collaboratively with the JSTAT,is an independent assessment body whose function Department to provide continuity of service at this is to deepen understanding across Government of this critical time. Claimants do not need to take any action, threat and to inform the policy response. Like other we will be contacting claimants to discuss next steps assessment bodies including the Joint Terrorism Analysis and alternative arrangements as soon as possible. This may Centre, JSTAT reports to a governance board comprising involve either telephone or paper-based assessments. 19WS Written Statements 17 MARCH 2020 Written Statements 20WS

We expect this measure will be in effect for the next This change does not affect the existing public health three months but we will be regularly reviewing the advice. The current NHS guidelines on coronavirus, position in line with public health advice. We continue including advice on those who should stay at home can to accept new claims to all benefits and for existing be found here. claimants, benefits will remain in payment while alternative arrangements are put in place. Any decisions made As and when changes in public health guidance under the alternative arrangements will of course also necessitate other changes, the Department will endeavour come with mandatory reconsideration and appeal rights to inform Parliament as soon as possible. as normal, should claimants wish to challenge any [HCWS167] decision made.

7MC Ministerial Corrections17 MARCH 2020 Ministerial Corrections 8MC

to a decent education, immunising 56 million children Ministerial Corrections and supporting 52 million to access clean water and better sanitation in the past two years alone. Tuesday 17 March 2020 [Official Report, 4 March 2020, Vol. 672, c. 819.] Letter of correction from the Secretary of State for JUSTICE International Development, the right hon. Member for Custodial Sentences: Non-UK Citizens Berwick-upon-Tweed (Anne-Marie Trevelyan): The following is an extract from Questions to the An error has been identified in my response I gave to Ministry of Justice on 25 February 2020. the hon. Member for Edinburgh East (Tommy Sheppard). Mr Hollobone: Foreign national offenders convicted The correct response should have been: in this country should serve their terms of imprisonment The Secretary of State for International Development at the expense of their own Governments in their own (Anne-Marie Trevelyan): My apologies: I am short on countries. We may have 110 prisoner transfer agreements, voice today, about which many in the House will no but only about three are compulsory. Now that we have doubt be very relieved. The Government’s 2019 spending rediscovered our mojo for tough international renegotiation, review allocated sufficient funding to ensure that the can we please have more compulsory prisoner transfer UK can deliver on our commitment to spend 0.7% of agreements with high-volume crime countries with lots gross national income on official development assistance of nationals in our prisons, such as Pakistan, Nigeria in 2020-21. Thanks to this Government’s focus on a and Albania? strong economy, we can deliver on this commitment, Lucy Frazer: My hon. Friend is right to highlight the improving the lives of millions in developing countries—for importance of removing foreign offenders to serve sentences example, by giving more than 14 million children access in their own countries, and we have removed 51,000 such to a decent education, immunising 56 million children offenders from our prisons since 2010. He is right to and supporting almost 52 million to access clean water highlight that we have a number of nationalities within and better sanitation since 2015. our prisons, including a high number of Albanian, Polish and Romanian prisoners. We are considering all Topical Questions these matters in some detail. [Official Report, 25 February 2020, Vol. 672, c. 170.] The following is an extract from International Development Questions on 4 March 2020. Letter of correction from the Minister of State, Ministry of Justice, the hon. and learned Member for South East Antony Higginbotham: The UK plays a leadership Cambridgeshire (Lucy Frazer). role in countries around the world, projecting our values An error has been identified in the response I gave to and ensuring that free societies can flourish. Education my hon. Friend the Member for Kettering (Mr Hollobone). is a key part of that, so, ahead of International Women’s The correct response should have been: Day, what steps is my right hon. Friend taking to ensure Lucy Frazer: My hon. Friend is right to highlight the that every child gets 12 years of education? importance of removing foreign offenders to serve sentences Anne-Marie Trevelyan: Talent is spread around the in their own countries, and we have removed 51,000 such world but, sadly, opportunity is not. Twelve years of offenders from our prisons, immigration removal centres quality education is a key priority, and I am proud that and the community since 2010. He is right to highlight between 2015 and 2019 we supported 14.3 million girls that we have a number of nationalities within our to gain a decent education, across 70 of our most fragile prisons, including a high number of Albanian, Polish countries. As another International Women’s Day is and Romanian prisoners. We are considering all these before us, we have the opportunity to refocus our energies matters in some detail. on making sure that there is not a single girl who is not educated. INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT [Official Report, 4 March 2020, Vol. 672, c. 824.] Departmental Funding Letter of correction from the Secretary of State for The following is an extract from International Development International Development, the right hon. Member for Questions on 4 March 2020. Berwick-upon-Tweed (Anne-Marie Trevelyan): An error has been identified in my response I gave 3. Tommy Sheppard (Edinburgh East) (SNP): What to my hon. Friend the Member for Burnley (Antony recent assessment she has made of the adequacy of Higginbotham). funding allocated to her Department. [901093] The correct response should have been: The Secretary of State for International Development (Anne-Marie Trevelyan): My apologies: I am short on Antony Higginbotham: The UK plays a leadership voice today, about which many in the House will no role in countries around the world, projecting our values doubt be very relieved. The Government’s 2019 spending and ensuring that free societies can flourish. Education review allocated sufficient funding to ensure that the is a key part of that, so, ahead of International Women’s UK can deliver on our commitment to spend 0.7% of Day, what steps is my right hon. Friend taking to ensure gross national income on official development assistance that every child gets 12 years of education? in 2020-21. Thanks to this Government’s focus on a strong economy, we can deliver on this commitment, Anne-Marie Trevelyan: Talent is spread around the improving the lives of millions in developing countries—for world but, sadly, opportunity is not. Twelve years of example, by giving more than 14 million children access quality education is a key priority, and I am proud that 9MC Ministerial Corrections17 MARCH 2020 Ministerial Corrections 10MC between 2015 and 2019 we supported 14.3 million children Women’s Day is before us, we have the opportunity to to gain a decent education in over 70 countries, of which refocus our energies on making sure that there is not a at least 5.8 million were girls. As another International single girl who is not educated. ORAL ANSWERS

Tuesday 17 March 2020

Col. No. Col. No. FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE .... 779 FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE— Arctic Ocean Trade Routes ...... 788 continued Climate Change ...... 791 Saudi Arabia: Human Rights...... 784 Covid-19 ...... 779 Soft Power...... 792 Human Rights ...... 787 Sri Lanka: Human Rights...... 793 Human Rights: Sanctions Regime ...... 788 Syria: Ceasefire ...... 782 Nigeria: Persecution of Christians ...... 789 Topical Questions ...... 794 Preventing Sexual Violence in Conflict...... 783 Violence in Delhi...... 793 WRITTEN STATEMENTS

Tuesday 17 March 2020

Col. No. Col. No. DIGITAL, CULTURE, MEDIA AND SPORT...... 15WS HOME DEPARTMENT ...... 17WS Gigabit Broadband ...... 15WS State-based Threats...... 17WS

HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE...... 16WS National Guardian’s Office: Annual Report...... 16WS WORK AND PENSIONS ...... 18WS Public Health Grant...... 16WS Covid-19 ...... 18WS MINISTERIAL CORRECTIONS

Tuesday 17 March 2020

Col. No. Col. No. INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ...... 7MC JUSTICE...... 7MC Departmental Funding ...... 7MC Custodial Sentences: Non-UK Citizens ...... 7MC Topical Questions ...... 8MC No proofs can be supplied. Corrections that Members suggest for the Bound Volume should be clearly marked on a copy of the daily Hansard - not telephoned - and must be received in the Editor’s Room, House of Commons,

not later than Tuesday 24 March 2020

STRICT ADHERENCE TO THIS ARRANGEMENT GREATLY FACILITATES THE PROMPT PUBLICATION OF BOUND VOLUMES

Members may obtain excerpts of their speeches from the Official Report (within one month from the date of publication), by applying to the Editor of the Official Report, House of Commons. Volume 673 Tuesday No. 42 17 March 2020

CONTENTS

Tuesday 17 March 2020

Oral Answers to Questions [Col. 779] [see index inside back page] Secretary of State for the Foreign and Commonwealth Office

Covid-19 [Col. 799] Statement—(Dominic Raab)

Company Transparency (Carbon in Supply Chains) [Col. 824] Motion for leave to bring in Bill—(Karen Bradley)—agreed to Bill presented, and read the First time

Budget Resolutions [Col. 827] Debate (Fourth day) Resolutions agreed to

Publication of Content of Ministerial Statements [Col. 930] Statement—(Mr Speaker)

Economic Update [Col. 931] Statement—(Rishi Sunak)

St. Patrick’s Day [Col. 971] Debate on motion for Adjournment

Westminster Hall Alcohol Harm [Col. 255WH] Lea Castle Farm Quarry [Col. 277WH] Football Attendances: VAR [Col. 285WH] Private Rented Sector [Col. 297WH] Surrey: M25 Noise Pollution [Col. 306WH] General Debates

Written Statements [Col. 15WS]

Ministerial Corrections [Col. 7MC]

Written Answers to Questions [The written answers can now be found at http://www.parliament.uk/writtenanswers]