Phytotaxa 295 (2): 101–131 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/pt/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.295.2.1 Phylogenetic analysis of Andinia (Pleurothallidinae; Orchidaceae) and a systematic re-circumscription of the genus MARK WILSON1, GRAHAM S. FRANK1, LOU JOST2, ALEC M. PRIDGEON3, SEBASTIAN VIEIRA-URIBE4,5 & ADAM P. KARREMANS6,7 1Department of Organismal Biology and Ecology, Colorado College, Colorado Springs, CO 8903, USA; e-mail:
[email protected] 2Fundacion EcoMinga, Baños, Tungurahua, Ecuador. 3Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, England. 4Grupo de Investigación en Orquídeas, Ecología y Sistemática Vegetal, Universidad Nacional, sede Palmira, Colombia. 5Sociedad Colombiana de Orquideología, AA. 4725 Medellín, Colombia. 6Lankester Botanical Garden, University of Costa Rica, P.O. Box 302-7050 Cartago, Costa Rica. 7Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. Abstract Most of the species studied in this paper have previously been placed in either Pleurothallis or Lepanthes. However, at one time or another, members of the group have also been placed in the genera Andinia, Brachycladium, Lueranthos, Masdeval- liantha, Neooreophilus, Oreophilus, Penducella, Salpistele and Xenosia. Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ITS and plastid matK sequences indicate that these species form a strongly supported clade that is only distantly related to Lepanthes and is distinct from Pleurothallis and Salpistele. Since this clade includes the type species of Andinia, A. dielsii, and it has taxo- nomic precedence over all other generic names belonging to this group, Andinia is re-circumscribed and expanded to include 72 species segregated into five subgenera: Aenigma, Andinia, Brachycladium, Masdevalliantha and Minuscula.