DOCSLIB.ORG

8Th Grade Distance Learning: Week of June 1St

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
8Th Grade Distance Learning: Week of June 1St 8th Grade Distance Learning: Week of June 1st Monday, 6/1 Tuesday, 6/2 Wednesday, 6/3 Thursday, 6/4 ELA Module 4 Lesson 10 Part 2 Module 4 Lesson 11 Part 1 Module 4 Lesson 11 Part 2 Watch this video: Watch this video: Watch this video: https://gm.greatminds.org/kotg-ww/k https://gm.greatminds.org/kotg-ww/k https://gm.greatminds.org/kotg-ww/k nowledge-for-grade-8-ww-m4-l10-p2 nowledge-for-grade-8-ww-m4-l11-p1 nowledge-for-grade-8-ww-m4-l11-p2 ?hsLang=en-us ?hsLang=en-us ?hsLang=en-us&wchannelid=gb0lns ffr7&wvideoid=kb0k8rkw7i Read Chapter 7. Answer the question from 15:30 and send your answer to Mr. Castro. No work to submit today. Math Khan Academy: Pythagorean Khan Academy: Distance Khan Academy: Distance Formula Theorem Word Problems Watch this video: Watch this video: Watch this video: https://www.khanacademy.org/mat https://www.khanacademy.org/mat https://www.khanacademy.org/mat h/engageny/on-grade-engageny/8t h/engageny/on-grade-engageny/8t h/engageny/on-grade-engageny/8t h-engage-ny/engage-8th-module-7 h-engage-ny/engage-8th-module-3 h-engage-ny/engage-8th-module-3 /8th-module-7-topic-c/v/example-fi /8th-module-3-topic-c/v/the-pythag /8th-module-3-topic-c/v/pythagorea nding-distance-with-pythagorean-t orean-theorem?modal=1 n-theorem-1?modal=1 heorem?modal=1 Classwork: Distance Word Classwork: Pythagorean Theorem Classwork: Distance Between Two Problems Word Problems ws #1 Points Worksheet Homework: Homework: Homework: https://www.khanacademy.org/mat https://www.khanacademy.org/mat https://www.khanacademy.org/mat h/engageny/on-grade-engageny/8t h/engageny/on-grade-engageny/8t h/engageny/on-grade-engageny/8t h-engage-ny/engage-8th-module-7 h-engage-ny/engage-8th-module-3 h-engage-ny/engage-8th-module-7 /8th-module-7-topic-c/e/distance_f /8th-module-3-topic-c/e/pythagore /8th-module-7-topic-c/e/distance_f ormula?modal=1 an-theorem-word-problems--basic ormula?modal=1 ?modal=1 Science Read “We’re better equipped to Read “Century after pandemic, Read “World's biggest hornets, Read “What will happen to the find extraterrestrial life now than science takes its best shot at flu” with a sting that can kill, land in environment after the pandemic?” ever before” and send your and send your answers to Ms. United States” and send your and send your answers to Ms. answers to Ms. Barrientos. Barrientos. answers to Ms. Barrientos Barrientos. Social Complete the reading in this Join Mr. Swadlow’s office hours for the rest of this week’s work! Studies packet and answer the questions that follow. Have a wonderful summer! We will continue to post updates on Class Dojo. Please reach out to Mr. Dwyer, Ms. Gamble, or Mr. Frat with any questions over the summer. Monday Pythagorean Theorem word problems ws #1 Name __________________________ Solve each of the following. Please draw a picture and use the Pythagorean Theorem to solve. Be sure to label all answers and leave answers in exact simplified form. 1. The bottom of a ladder must be placed 3 feet from a wall. The ladder is 12 feet long. How far above the ground does the ladder touch the wall? 2. A soccer field is a rectangle 90 meters wide and 120 meters long. The coach asks players to run from one corner to the corner diagonally across the field. How far do the players run? 3. How far from the base of the house do you need to place a 15’ ladder so that it exactly reaches the top of a 12’ wall? 4. What is the length of the diagonal of a 10 cm by 15 cm rectangle? 5. The diagonal of a rectangle is 25 in. The width is 15 in. What is the area of the rectangle? We’re better equipped to find extraterrestrial life now than ever before By Smithsonian.com, adapted by Newsela staff on 05.21.20 Word Count 862 Level 1070L Jupiter's moon Europa may have the ingredients necessary for hosting life: liquid water, an energy source and organic compounds. Photo: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona The odds of getting a message from life beyond Earth are not easy to figure out. Even the best experts do not have a number. "Anybody who gave you a figure would be talking about religion, not science," says Jill Tarter. She is an astronomer who has spent most of her life pursuing the quest to find signals from alien life. New technologies and more data, though, are making it more likely. SETI: Search For Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence The chances are going to be 1,000 times better in the next decade than the last, says Andrew Siemion. He is the director of the Berkeley SETI Research Center. SETI stands for Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence. This article is available at 5 reading levels at https://newsela.com. Siemion spoke in Seattle, Washington on February 15 at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, or AAAS. He reported a new release of data from a project that records radio signals from space. Tarter helps advise SETI Research. She described new search projects the group is working on. One project, Laser SETI, will place 96 cameras at 12 locations around the world. The cameras will look for "intelligent" optical signals from space. Scientists also have many new places to look for life. The Kepler space telescope has helped astronomers find thousands of stars with planets. They have spotted dozens of rocky, Earth-like planets orbiting their stars at the right distance for there to be liquid water, an indicator of habitability. Alien life could also still be hiding closer to home. Finding intelligent life in our solar system seems unlikely. However, microbial biology might live on moons such as Enceladus of Saturn and Europa of Jupiter. Robots could test alien soil, while telescopes search for signs of biological activity, like combinations of certain molecules. Looking For A Biosignature Nikku Mandhusudhan is an astronomer at University of Cambridge in England. He said the "ultimate breakthrough" for scientists will be finding a biosignature in the atmosphere of distant planets. A biosignature is a substance that provides scientific evidence of life. No one molecule would be a definite sign of life. However, many life-related molecules detected in the atmosphere of a planet with other suitable conditions, like a comfy temperature, would be strong evidence. The grand prize for scientists, though, is intelligent life. SETI searches for signs of technology created by alien life, most likely in the form of "unnatural" radio waves. An alien could find life on Earth by exactly that method. In the 1990s, Carl Sagan and other astronomers used Galileo spacecraft's pass by Earth to check for signs of our existence. The giveaway was narrow-band radio emissions. Radio Waves: "Unmistakable Indicator" "That as far as we know is an unmistakable indicator of technology, and an unmistakable indicator of life," Siemion said at the AAAS meeting. "And indeed it is the most detectable signature of life on this planet as viewed from a distant vantage point." Earth-based radio telescopes listening to the cosmos might hear a deliberate message. However, they cannot pick up radio-wave "leakage" from alien civilizations. A new project, though, now in the planning stage, would have the power to receive unintentional communication, at least from nearby stars. Siemion explained that scientists were looking for electromagnetic energy or frequencies that stand out, which could appear as either radio or optical signals. Such patterns could reveal intelligent activity regardless of their purpose, Siemion pointed out. This article is available at 5 reading levels at https://newsela.com. Receiving a message would teach scientists about how long a society with advanced technology can survive. How Would Earth Answer A Message? "The lifetime of a technological civilization … is a very difficult thing to predict," said Siemion. "And of course, looking around at our own civilization you have reason to question what that term might be." A signal from space, though, would probably come from a much older civilization. Success in receiving a message raises other issues. The alien message could likely be in a language no earthling could understand. Then, someone on Earth would have to decide how to reply. SETI researchers agree that no response should be made until all of Earth's countries come to an agreement about who should speak and what to say, however, global agreement currently seems implausible. Machine Learning Could Help The priority right now, though, is finding a message in the first place. The project might require help from nonhuman intelligence in the form of advanced computers. Recent developments in artificial intelligence research should soon make machine learning an effective tool in the search for extraterrestrial life, Tarter said. "The ability to use machine learning to help us find signals in noise I think is really exciting," she said. "Historically we've asked a machine to tell us if a particular pattern in frequency and time could be found. But now we're on the brink of being able to say to the machine, 'Are there any patterns in there?'" It's possible that an artificially intelligent computer might be the first thing on Earth to discern a message from an extraterrestrial. "I think there's something particularly romantic," said Siemion, "about the idea of machine learning and artificial intelligence looking for extraterrestrial intelligence which itself might be artificially intelligent." This article is available at 5 reading levels at https://newsela.com.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ASU Colloquium
    New Frontiers in Artifact SETI: Waste Heat, Alien Megastructures, and "Tabby's Star" Jason T Wright Penn State University SESE Colloquium Arizona State University October 4, 2017 Contact (Warner Bros.) What is SETI? • “The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence” • A field of study, like cosmology or planetary science • SETI Institute: • Research center in Mountain View, California • Astrobiology, astronomy, planetary science, radio SETI • Runs the Allen Telescope Array • Berkeley SETI Research Center: • Hosted by the UC Berkeley Astronomy Department • Mostly radio astronomy and exoplanet detection • Runs SETI@Home • Runs the $90M Breakthrough Listen Project Communication SETI The birth of Radio SETI 1960 — Cocconi & Morrison suggest interstellar communication via radio waves Allen Telescope Array Operated by the SETI Institute Green Bank Telescope Operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory Artifact SETI Dyson (1960) Energy-hungry civilizations might use a significant fraction of available starlight to power themselves Energy is never “used up”, it is just converted to a lower temperature If a civilization collects or generates energy, that energy must emerge at higher entropy (e.g. mid-infrared radiation) This approach is general: practically any energy use by a civilization should give a star (or galaxy) a MIR excess IRAS All-Sky map (1983) The discovery of infrared cirrus complicated Dyson sphere searches. Credit: NASA GSFC, LAMBDA Carrigan reported on the Fermilab Dyson Sphere search with IRAS: Lots of interesting red sources:
    [Show full text]
  • Astrobiology and the Search for Life Beyond Earth in the Next Decade
    Astrobiology and the Search for Life Beyond Earth in the Next Decade Statement of Dr. Andrew Siemion Berkeley SETI Research Center, University of California, Berkeley ASTRON − Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, Netherlands Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands to the Committee on Science, Space and Technology United States House of Representatives 114th United States Congress September 29, 2015 Chairman Smith, Ranking Member Johnson and Members of the Committee, thank you for the opportunity to testify today. Overview Nearly 14 billion years ago, our universe was born from a swirling quantum soup, in a spectacular and dynamic event known as the \big bang." After several hundred million years, the first stars lit up the cosmos, and many hundreds of millions of years later, the remnants of countless stellar explosions coalesced into the first planetary systems. Somehow, through a process still not understood, the laws of physics guiding the unfolding of our universe gave rise to self-replicating organisms − life. Yet more perplexing, this life eventually evolved a capacity to know its universe, to study it, and to question its own existence. Did this happen many times? If it did, how? If it didn't, why? SETI (Search for ExtraTerrestrial Intelligence) experiments seek to determine the dis- tribution of advanced life in the universe through detecting the presence of technology, usually by searching for electromagnetic emission from communication technology, but also by searching for evidence of large scale energy usage or interstellar propulsion. Technology is thus used as a proxy for intelligence − if an advanced technology exists, so to does the ad- vanced life that created it.
    [Show full text]
  • The Radio Search for Technosignatures in the Decade 2020–2030
    Astro2020 Science White Paper The radio search for technosignatures in the decade 2020–2030 Background photo: central region of the Galaxy by Yuri Beletsky, Carnegie Las Campanas Observatory Thematic Area: Planetary Systems Principal Author: Name: Jean-Luc Margot Institution: University of California, Los Angeles Email: [email protected] Phone: 310.206.8345 Co-authors: Steve Croft (University of California, Berkeley), T. Joseph W. Lazio (Jet Propulsion Laboratory), Jill Tarter (SETI Institute), Eric J. Korpela (University of California, Berkeley) March 11, 2019 1 Scientific context Are we alone in the universe? This question is one of the most profound scientific questions of our time. All life on Earth is related to a common ancestor, and the discovery of other forms of life will revolutionize our understanding of living systems. On a more philosophical level, it will transform our perception of humanity’s place in the cosmos. Observations with the NASA Kepler telescope have shown that there are billions of habitable worlds in our Galaxy [e.g., Borucki, 2016]. The profusion of planets, coupled with the abundance of life’s building blocks in the universe, suggests that life itself may be abundant. Currently, the two primary strategies for the search for life in the universe are (1) searching for biosignatures in the Solar System or around nearby stars and (2) searching for technosignatures emitted from sources in the Galaxy and beyond [e.g., National Academies of Sciences, Engineer- ing, and Medicine, 2018]. Given our present knowledge of astrobiology, there is no compelling reason to believe that one strategy is more likely to succeed than the other.
    [Show full text]
  • Nasa and the Search for Technosignatures
    NASA AND THE SEARCH FOR TECHNOSIGNATURES A Report from the NASA Technosignatures Workshop NOVEMBER 28, 2018 NASA TECHNOSIGNATURES WORKSHOP REPORT CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................... 1 What are Technosignatures? .................................................................................................................................... 2 What Are Good Technosignatures to Look For? ....................................................................................................... 2 Maturity of the Field ................................................................................................................................................... 5 Breadth of the Field ................................................................................................................................................... 5 Limitations of This Document .................................................................................................................................... 6 Authors of This Document ......................................................................................................................................... 6 2 EXISTING UPPER LIMITS ON TECHNOSIGNATURES ....................................................................................................... 9 Limits and the Limitations of Limits ...........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • BREAKTHROUGH LISTEN Searching for Signatures of Technology
    BREAKTHROUGH LISTEN Searching for Signatures of Technology Howard Isaacson, Andrew Siemion & the Breakthrough Listen Team Overview Search Results Instrumentation Breakthrough Listen (BL) is the most comprehensive At radio frequencies, the capability of the data recording search for signs of extraterrestrial technology ever In the first analysis of BL data, including 30 minute cycles of observations of system directly determines survey speed, and given a undertaken. Using some of the most powerful 692 targets from our stellar sample, we find that none of the observed systems fixed observing time and spectral coverage, they telescopes in the world, combined with an host high-duty-cycle radio transmitters emitting between 1.1 to 1.9 GHz with an determine survey sensitivity as well. Breakthrough Listen unprecedented capability to record, archive and EIRP of 1013 watts, a luminosity readily achievable by our own civilization. This has the ability to write data to disk at the rate of 24 GB analyze the incoming data, Breakthrough Listen is comprehensive search over hundreds of stars represents only a small piece of per second. Using commodity servers and consumer humanity’s best hope of detecting evidence for the ever growing data set being compiled by Breakthrough Listen. class hard drives, the BL backend can record 6 GHz of technological civilizations beyond the Earth. BL his bandwidth at 8 bits for two polarizations. In a typical 6 currently observing a focused target list consisting hour session, the raw data recorded to disk can exceed ~1700 nearby stars and ~150 nearby galaxies. Our 350 TB. Using GPU processors the data volume is observing strategy is expressly designed to to allow Target Selection reduced to 2% of the raw data volume in less than 6 us to to effectively work through the mountains of hours.
    [Show full text]
  • Astrobiology and the Search for Life Beyond Earth in the Next Decade
    ASTROBIOLOGY AND THE SEARCH FOR LIFE BEYOND EARTH IN THE NEXT DECADE HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION September 29, 2015 Serial No. 114–40 Printed for the use of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://science.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 97–759PDF WASHINGTON : 2016 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HON. LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas, Chair FRANK D. LUCAS, Oklahoma EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., ZOE LOFGREN, California Wisconsin DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois DANA ROHRABACHER, California DONNA F. EDWARDS, Maryland RANDY NEUGEBAUER, Texas SUZANNE BONAMICI, Oregon MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas ERIC SWALWELL, California MO BROOKS, Alabama ALAN GRAYSON, Florida RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois AMI BERA, California BILL POSEY, Florida ELIZABETH H. ESTY, Connecticut THOMAS MASSIE, Kentucky MARC A. VEASEY, Texas JIM BRIDENSTINE, Oklahoma KATHERINE M. CLARK, Massachusetts RANDY K. WEBER, Texas DON S. BEYER, JR., Virginia BILL JOHNSON, Ohio ED PERLMUTTER, Colorado JOHN R. MOOLENAAR, Michigan PAUL TONKO, New York STEPHEN KNIGHT, California MARK TAKANO, California BRIAN BABIN, Texas BILL FOSTER, Illinois BRUCE WESTERMAN, Arkansas BARBARA COMSTOCK, Virginia GARY PALMER, Alabama BARRY LOUDERMILK, Georgia RALPH LEE ABRAHAM, Louisiana DARIN LAHOOD, Illinois (II) C O N T E N T S September 29, 2015 Page Witness List ............................................................................................................. 2 Hearing Charter .....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • GNU Radio Update 2019
    GNU Radio Project Update Ben Hilburn Ticket Sales Ticket 100 150 200 250 300 350 50 0 2019-03-23 2019-03-26 2019-04-06 2019-04-11 2019-04-13 2019-04-15 2019-04-24 2019-04-26 2019-04-29 2019-05-01 2019-05-13 2019-05-23 2019-05-29 2019-06-06 2019-06-12 2019-06-18 2019-06-26 Purchases Ticket GRCon 2019-06-28 2019-06-30 2019-07-08 2019-07-10 2019-07-15 2019-07-19 2019-07-23 2019-07-26 2019-07-29 2019-07-31 2019-08-02 2019-08-05 2019-08-07 2019-08-09 2019-08-12 2019-08-14 2019-08-18 2019-08-20 2019-08-22 2019-08-24 2019-08-26 2019-08-28 2019-08-30 2019-09-01 2019-09-03 2019-09-05 Big News: 3.8 • Huge changelog with many significant updates! • More than 200+ contributors in the changelog. • The release announcement garnered significant attention & Not least of which is Python 3 migration! interest. Radio Society of Great Britain Magazine Credit: Derek Kozel Yes, 3.8 has squiggly lines. Of course the examples *just work*! Credit: James Horton Out of Tree Modules and 3.8 • Update your OOTMs! • The GNU Radio Wiki has a v3.8.0.0 OOT Module Porting Guide • Thanks to Bastian Bloessl for authoring the guide! Credit: Clayton Smith, @argilo The Stats Slide • Unique Cloners: 34% increase • Unique Visitors: 11% increase Stat 2017 2018 2019 YOY Executed CLAs 5 11 28 155% Closed Issues 68 140 221 58% Closed Pull Requests 177 272 443 63% Summer Coding Programs • Google Summer of Code • Arpit Gupta: Block Header Parsing Tool • Mentor: Nicolas Cuervo • Auto-parse your block header into GRC YAML! • Bowen Hu: gr-Verilog • Mentors: Sebastian Kowslowski, Marcus Mueller • Cycle-accurate simulation of Verilog files from GRC! • See their posters in the expo! • Special thanks to Felix Wunsch for running GSoC! GNU Radio Signals Challenge • We released a SigMF recording containing three hidden messages.
    [Show full text]
  • Full Curriculum Vitae
    Jason Thomas Wright—CV Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics Phone: (814) 863-8470 Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds Fax: (814) 863-2842 525 Davey Lab email: [email protected] Penn State University http://sites.psu.edu/astrowright University Park, PA 16802 @Astro_Wright US Citizen, DOB: 2 August 1977 ORCiD: 0000-0001-6160-5888 Education UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY PhD Astrophysics May 2006 Thesis: Stellar Magnetic Activity and the Detection of Exoplanets Adviser: Geoffrey W. Marcy MA Astrophysics May 2003 BOSTON UNIVERSITY BA Astronomy and Physics (mathematics minor) summa cum laude May 1999 Thesis: Probing the Magnetic Field of the Bok Globule B335 Adviser: Dan P. Clemens Awards and fellowships NASA Group Achievement Award for NEID 2020 Drake Award 2019 Dean’s Climate and Diversity Award 2012 Rock Institute Ethics Fellow 2011-2012 NASA Group Achievement Award for the SIM Planet Finding Capability Study Team 2008 University of California Hewlett Fellow 1999-2000, 2003-2004 National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellow 2000-2003 UC Berkeley Outstanding Graduate Student Instructor 2001 Phi Beta Kappa 1999 Barry M. Goldwater Scholar 1997 Last updated — Jan 15, 2021 1 Jason Thomas Wright—CV Positions and Research experience Associate Department Head for Development July 2020–present Astronomy & Astrophysics, Penn State University Director, Penn State Extraterrestrial Intelligence Center March 2020–present Professor, Penn State University July 2019 – present Deputy Director, Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds July 2018–present Astronomy & Astrophysics, Penn State University Acting Director July 2020–August 2021 Associate Professor, Penn State University July 2015 – June 2019 Associate Department Head for Diversity and Equity August 2017–August 2018 Astronomy & Astrophysics, Penn State University Visiting Associate Professor, University of California, Berkeley June 2016 – June 2017 Assistant Professor, Penn State University Aug.
    [Show full text]
  • Searches for Technosignatures: the State of the Profession
    Astro2020 APC White Paper Searches for Technosignatures: The State of the Profession Primary thematic area: Planetary Systems, especially exobiology and the search for ​ ​ ​ life beyond the Solar System. Secondary thematic areas: •Star and planet formation ​ ​ ​ ​ •Resolved stellar populations and their environments • Galaxy evolution ​ ​ ​ Principal Author: Jason T. Wright Email: [email protected] Phone:(814) 863-8470 ​ ​ ​ ​ 525 Davey Laboratory Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics & Center for Habitable Worlds Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802 126 endorsers Affiliation Veronica Allen NASA GSFC/USRA Julián D. Alvarado-Gómez Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian Daniel Angerhausen Center for Space and Habitability, Bern University Daniel Apai University of Arizona Dimitra Atri NYU Abu Dhabi Amedeo Balbi University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy Thomas Barclay UMBC Geert Barentsen Bay Area Environmental Research Institute Tony Beasley National Radio Astronomy Observatory Thomas Beatty University of Arizona Aida Behmard Caltech Anamaria Berea University of Central Florida Tabetha Boyajian Louisiana State University Joanna S. Bridge University of Louisville Steve Bryson NASA Ames Jeff Bytof Independent researcher Henderson Cleaves Earth-Life Science Institute/Blue Marble Space Institute of Science Knicole Colon NASA Goddard James Cordes Cornell University Keith Cowing Astrobiology.com Jason Curtis Columbia University James Davenport University of Washington Paul Davies Arizona State University University of California, Berkeley, Blue Marble Space Institute of Julia DeMarines Science Kathryn Denning York University Steven Dick 2014 Blumberg Chair (NASA/LC) Chuanfei Dong Princeton University Yvan Dutil Independent researcher Peter Edmonds Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian Emilio Enriquez University of California, Berkeley Marshall Eubanks Space Initiatives Inc Yan Fernandez University of Central Florida Adam Frank University of Rochester Gabriel G.
    [Show full text]
  • Searches for Life and Intelligence Beyond Earth
    Technologies of Perception: Searches for Life and Intelligence Beyond Earth by Claire Isabel Webb Bachelor of Arts, cum laude Vassar College, 2010 Submitted to the Program in Science, Technology and Society in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology September 2020 © 2020 Claire Isabel Webb. All Rights Reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. Signature of Author: _____________________________________________________________ History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society August 24, 2020 Certified by: ___________________________________________________________________ David Kaiser Germeshausen Professor of the History of Science (STS) Professor of Physics Thesis Supervisor Certified by: ___________________________________________________________________ Stefan Helmreich Elting E. Morison Professor of Anthropology Thesis Committee Member Certified by: ___________________________________________________________________ Sally Haslanger Ford Professor of Philosophy and Women’s and Gender Studies Thesis Committee Member Accepted by: ___________________________________________________________________ Graham Jones Associate Professor of Anthropology Director of Graduate Studies, History, Anthropology, and STS Accepted by: ___________________________________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Bayesian Approach to SETI
    Bayesian approach to SETI Claudio Grimaldia,1 and Geoffrey W. Marcyb,1 aLaboratory of Physics of Complex Matter, Ecole Polytechnique Fed´ erale´ de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; and bDepartment of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 Edited by Neta A. Bahcall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, and approved August 31, 2018 (received for review May 20, 2018) The search for technosignatures from hypothetical galactic civi- program of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) radio telescope lizations is going through a new phase of intense activity. For (5, 6), together with impressive progress in detector technol- the first time, a significant fraction of the vast search space is ogy (7, 8), offer unprecedented opportunities for a systematic expected to be sampled in the foreseeable future, potentially investigation in the vast domain of the SETI search space. bringing informative data about the abundance of detectable In view of these rapid developments, exploration of a signif- extraterrestrial civilizations or the lack thereof. Starting from icant fraction of the Galaxy for a broad range of wavelengths the current state of ignorance about the galactic population of has to be expected in the following years, providing a sufficiently nonnatural electromagnetic signals, we formulate a Bayesian sta- large amount of informative data to infer, at least to some extent, tistical model to infer the mean number of radio signals crossing the possible galactic population of nonnatural, extraterrestrial Earth, assuming either
    [Show full text]
  • Terrestrial Zone Exoplanets and Life Brenda Matthews (NRC Canada) Context
    NATIONAL RADIO ASTRONOMY OBSERVATORY Terrestrial zone exoplanets and life Brenda Matthews (NRC Canada) Context • The “Cradle of Life” SWG for the ngVLA produced over 30 science use cases, encompassing • Planet formation • Astrochemistry of star-forming clouds, cores and disKs • Star formation • Polarization of star-forming clouds, cores and disKs • Solar system science • SETI • Exoplanets • Space weather • Debris disKs • Satellites and telecommunications 2 Science use case authors of this talk • Tim Bastian • Joseph Lazio • Luca Ricci • P. Brandon Carroll • Jeff LinsKy • Jill Tarter • L. Ilsedore Cleeves • Ryan Loomis • JacKie Villadsen • Jim Cordes • Brett McGuire • David Wilner • Steve Croft • Ian Morrison • Jason Wright • Robin Garrod • Karin Öberg • Manuel Güdel • Rachel Osten • Gregg Hallinan • Andrew Siemion • Andrea Isella • Zsolt Paragi 3 ALMA imaging of protoplanetary disks • Imaging of substructure in disKs has been one of the most substantial successes of ALMA TW Hya V883 Ori HD 163296 Andrews+ 2016 Cieza+2016 Isella+2016 HL Tau Elias 2-27 HD 142527 ALMA Partnership+ 2015 Perez+2016 KataoKa+2016 4 Limitations of ALMA: resolution and opacity • ALMA cannot effectively image disK substructures within 5 AU in the HL Tau • Optical depth and resolution maKe this impossible for ALMA HL Tau 10 AU ALMA Partnership+, 2015 1 AU = 7 mas 5 Simulations with the ngVLA • Hydrodynamical simulations + ray tracing produce a model of the disk for input disK structure, star and planet properties (Li+ 2005, 2009) • Simulate ALMA and ngVLA observations to show ngVLA’s optimal scale for protoplanetary disKs See the poster by S. Liu 342.15 Slide courtesy of Luca Ricci 6 Optimal ngVLA resolution Jupiter @ 5au, MdisK = 0.006 MSun, d= 140 pc ngVLA @ 3mm 0.5 uJy/beam rms bmax = 300 Km bmax = 600 Km bmax = 1400 Km All these bmax values produce disK emission of too low surface brightness to definitively detect the signature of the planet in the disK.
    [Show full text]