Maxell Batteries: Meeting a Variety of Energy Needs

English 2008.9 Industrial Batteries

I ndustrial B atteries Maxell batteries: Meeting a variety of energy needs

CR/ER/SR/ICP/ML/TC Industrial Batteries

Maxell supplies various battery lineups corresponding to application usage of diversified equipment, ranging from lithium ion batteries as the main power sources of portable information devices to backup power sources for various electronics devices.

Position of Maxell Batteries

ICP ER ICP (Li-ion) (Li-ion) 3 TotalTotal ML CR CR ML CapacityCapacity (Coin-Type) (Cylindrical) 2 TotalTotal Voltage (V) CapacityCapacity SR TC TC LR (Alkaline 1 Battery) TotalTotal CapacityCapacity

0 0.1 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 Capacity (mAh)

Application of Primary and Secondary Batteries Primary Secondary CR ER SR ICP ML TC Tele- Mobile Phones communications PHS OA Machines (Fax, Copiers, Printers) Notebook PCs Desktop PCs IT Hardware PDAs Electronic Dictionaries Calculators Camcorders Imaging Digital Still Cameras Film Cameras Portable CD/MD Players Audio Digital Audio Players Timepieces Watches Medical Instruments, Cash Registers Industrial FA Instruments (Measuring Instruments, Onboard Microcomputers, Sensors) Electronic Meters (Water, Gas, Electricity) Keyless Entry Systems Automobiles ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System) Portable Game Devices Other Remote Controllers

1 CONTENTS

Primary Lithium Manganese Dioxide CR Battery 3 Coin Type 5

CR2450 & CR2430 7

CR2032H & CR2032 8

CR2025 & CR2016 9

CR2012 & CR1620 10

CR1616 & CR1220 11

CR1216 & CR1025 12 With Terminals and Wire Connectors 13 Heat Resistant Coin Type 15

CR2450HR & CR2450HR-Ex 16 Total Cylindrical Type 17 Capacity CR17450 & CR17335 18

Total Capacity Lithium Thionyl Chloride ER Battery 19 Total Capacity ER18/50 & ER17/50 24

ER6 & ER6C 25

ER17/33 & ER3 26 ER3S 27 With Terminals and Wire Connectors 28

SR Silver Oxide Battery 29

Secondary Lithium Ion Rechargeable Battery 33 ICP Lithium Manganese Dioxide ML Rechargeable Battery 37 ML2032 & ML2016 41 ML1220 42 With Terminals and Wire Connectors 43 Titanium Carbon Lithium Rechargeable Battery 45 TC TC920S 49

2 Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery (Li/MnO2) CR2450 / CR2430 / CR2032H / CR2032 / CR2025 / CR2016 / CRCR2012 / CR1620 / CR1616 / CR1220 / CR1216 / CR1025 / With Terminals and Wire Connectors (CR2450 / CR2032 / CR2025 / CR1616 / CR1220) Heat Resistant Coin Type CR2450HR / CR2450HR-Ex CR17450 / CR17335

LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

3 Safety Instructions This battery contains lithium, organic solvents, and other combustible materials. For this reason, improper handling of the battery could lead to distortion, leakage*, overheating, explosion, or fire, causing bodily injury or equipment trouble. Please observe the following instructions to prevent accidents. (* Leakage is defined as the unintentional escape of a liquid from a battery.)

Warnings Handling Warnings Circuit Design for Back-up Use Never swallow. This is a primary battery and cannot be charged. If used in memory Always keep the battery out of the reach of infants and young children or RTC back-up applications, be sure to use diodes to prevent to prevent it from being swallowed. If swallowed, consult a physician charging from the main power source or other batteries, and a immediately. protective resistor to regulate the current as shown in the figure Never charge. below. Note that the points described below should be taken into The battery is not designed to be charged by any other electrical careful consideration when selecting diodes and protective resistors. source. Charging could generate gas and internal short-circuiting, leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. Diode Diode +5V Load +5V Load Never heat. Diode Heating the battery to more than 100 deg. C* could increase the internal Diode pressure, causing distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or Diode Protective fire. (* Consult Maxell regarding heat resistant coin type lithium Protective resistor manganese dioxide batteries.) resistor Battery Never expose to open flames. Battery Exposing to flames could cause the lithium metal to melt, causing the battery to catch on fire and explode. Example (A) Example (B) Never disassemble the battery. Supplied voltage to load Do not disassemble the battery, because the separator or gasket could Because a diode and a resistor generate the voltage drop on be damaged, leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or operating, please take into consideration these voltage drops for fire. supplied voltage to load. Never reverse the positive and negative terminals when mounting. Using diodes to prevent charging Improper mounting of the battery could lead to short-circuiting, Please choose diodes with leak current as small as possible. Please charging or forced-discharging. This could cause distortion, keep the charged capacity due to leak current to within 1% of leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. nominal capacity. Never short-circuit the battery. Using and setting protective Type Maximum Current Do not allow the positive and negative terminals to short-circuit. resistors Never carry or store the battery with metal objects such as a CR2450 15mA A protective resistor is used to necklace or a hairpin. Do not take multiple batteries out of the CR2430 15mA prevent the battery from being package and pile or mix them when storing. Otherwise, this could CR2032H 10mA lead to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. charged by large surges of current CR2032 10mA during diode failure. Please set the Never weld the terminals or weld a wire to the body of the CR2025 10mA battery directly. resistor so that the maximum CR2016 10mA The heat of welding or soldering could cause the lithium to melt, or current shown in the right table is CR2012 10mA cause damage to the insulating material in the battery. This could not exceeded. For example, say a CR1620 4.0mA cause distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. When CR2032 battery is used in sample CR1616 2.5mA soldering the battery directly to equipment, solder only the tabs or circuit (A) in combination with a CR1220 3.0mA leads. Even then, the temperature of the soldering iron must be main power source 5 volt. Since the CR1216 2.5mA below 350 deg. C and the soldering time less than 5 seconds. Do not use a soldering bath, because the circuit board with battery permitted charge current is 10mA CR1025 2.5mA attached could stop moving or the battery could drop into the bath. and this battery’s voltage is 3V, let CR2450HR 15mA Moreover do not use excessive solder, because the solder could the resistor be CR2450HR-Ex 15mA flow to unwanted portions of the board, leading to a short-circuit or R=>(5V-3V)/10mA=0.2k ohm, CR17450 20mA charging of the battery. meaning that at least 0.2k ohm is CR17335 20mA Never use different batteries together. required. Using different batteries together, i.e. different type or used and new or different manufacturer could cause distortion, leakage, Disposal overheating, explosion, or fire because of the differences in battery Warnings property. If using two or more batteries connected in series or in The battery may be Do not pile up or mix parallel even same batteries, please consult with Maxell before Tape regulated by national or batteries. using. local regulation. Never allow liquid leaking from the battery to get in your eyes Please follow the or mouth. — instructions of proper Because this liquid could cause serious damage, if it does come in regulation. As electric Enlarged view + contact with your eyes, flush them immediately with plenty of water Battery and consult a physician. Likewise, If the liquid gets in your mouth, capacity is left in a Electric current flows. rinse immediately with plenty of water and consult a physician. discarded battery and (Example of Keep leaking batteries away from fire. it comes into contact battery insulation) If leakage is suspected or you detect a strong odor, keep the battery with other metals, it These batteries generate heat. away from fire, because the leaked liquid could catch on fire. could lead to Never touch the battery electrodes. distortion, leakage, overheating, or explosion, so make sure to cover Do not allow the battery electrodes to come in contact with your skin the (+) and (-) terminals with friction tape or some other insulator or fingers. Otherwise, the moisture from your skin could cause a before disposal. discharge of the battery, which could produce certain chemical substances causing you to receive a chemical burns.

4 CR Coin Type Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery

Caution Handling/Storage Never expose the battery to ultrasonic sound. Never use or leave the battery in a hot place such as under Exposing the battery to ultrasonic sound may cause the direct rays of the sun or in a car in hot weather. short-circuiting because the inside material is broken into If you do, this may cause distortion, leakage, overheating, pieces, leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. explosion, or fire. Never allow the battery to come in contact with water. Never subject the battery to severe shock. If it does, this may cause the battery to rust or lead to Dropping, throwing or stomping on the battery may cause distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. Never store the battery in a hot and highly humid Never short-circuit the battery while installing into environment. equipment. Doing so may cause the performance of the battery to Please be careful when installing the battery not to deteriorate. In certain environments, this may lead to short-circuit it with metal portions of the equipment. distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. Use the correct battery suitable for the equipment. Keep contact pressure more than 2N. The battery may not be suitable for the specific equipment The battery voltage may be lower than intended value due to the using conditions or type of equipment. Please because of poor contact condition, please keep contact select the suitable battery according to the handling pressure more than 2N for suitable contact resistance. instructions of the equipment. Overview The coin-type lithium manganese dioxide battery (CR battery) is a small, lightweight battery with an operating voltage of 3V and the ability to operate over a wide temperature range. It has a wide range of applications, both for powering devices such as wristwatches and electronic calculators and can be used in all types of electronic devices mainly as memory and RTC backup.

Products

Model CR2450 CR2430 CR2032H CR2032 CR2025 CR2016 CR2012 CR1620 CR1616 CR1220 CR1216 CR1025

Nominal Voltage (V) 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Nominal Capacity (mAh)** 610 290 240 220 170 90 50 80 55 36 25 30

Nominal Discharge Current (mA) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Operating Temperature –20 to +85 Range (deg. C)*** Diameter (mm) 24.5 24.5 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 16.0 16.0 12.5 12.5 10.0 Dimensions* Height (mm) 5.0 3.0 3.2 3.2 2.5 1.6 1.2 2.0 1.6 2.0 1.6 2.5 Weight (g)* 6.6 4.6 3.0 3.0 2.5 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.6

* Dimensions and weight are for the battery itself, but may vary depending on terminal specifications and other factors. ** Nominal capacity indicates duration until the voltage drops down to 2.0V when discharged at a nominal discharge current at 20 deg. C. ***When using these batteries at temperatures outside the range of 0 to +40 deg. C, please consult Maxell in advance for conditions of use. • Data and dimensions are just reference values. For further details, please contact your nearest Maxell dealer or distributor. Construction Principle and Reactions

Example of Typical Construction The coin-type lithium manganese dioxide battery uses Negative Cap Negative Electrode (Lithium) manganese dioxide (MnO2) as its positive active material,

Separator lithium (Li) as its negative active material, and an organic

Gasket electrolyte. (–) Battery Reactions + – Positive reaction: MnO2Li e Ǟ MnOOLi + Negative reaction: Li Ǟ Li e–

(+) Total reaction: MnO2Li Ǟ MnOOLi Positive Can Positive Electrode Collector (Manganese Dioxide)

5 L ITH IUM MANGA N E SE DIOXID E BA TTE R Y

Features Optimum for Memory and RTC Backup (Fig. 1) operating voltage at room temperature as well as high and Displays long-term stable operating voltage at low load low temperatures. discharge. Superior leakage resistance and excellent storage High 3 volt energy density characteristics (Fig. 2) High energy density. At 3 volts (nominal voltage), it has Employs a leak-resistant organic electrolyte, giving it better about twice the voltage of alkaline button batteries and leakage resistance than battery types using alkaline silver oxide batteries. electrolytes. Furthermore, the high degree of seal of the Stable discharge characteristics through low internal seal structure and application of sealant keep resistance and high operating voltage self-discharge to about 1% per year. Employs highly conductive electrolyte, lowering internal Superior high rate discharge characteristics (Fig. 3) resistance and providing stable operating voltage. This allows stable power to be obtained, with little change in

Fig. 1 Relationship between Discharge Current Consumption and Duration Time Fig. 2 Discharge Characteristics after Storage

) 10 2 A

µ CR2032H 3.5 3.3 Discharge load : 15k ohm CR2450 ption ( 1 3.1 Temperature : 20 deg. C 10 CR2430 CR2032H 2.9 Initial CR2032 CR2025 2.7 CR2016 2.5 After stored for 100 days at 60 deg. C 10 0 CR1620 2.3 CR1616 (equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 5 years) CR2012 2.1 current consu m CR1220 CR1025 Voltage (V) 1.9 -1 CR1216 1.7

arge 10

h 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1.5 c 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Discharge duration time (years) Di s Discharge duration time (hours)

Fig. 3 High Rate Discharge Characteristics UL Recognized Components

CR2032H The coin-type lithium manganese dioxide battery is a 3.5 UL (Underwriters Laboratories Inc.) recognized Temperature : 20 deg. C 3.9k ohm component. 15k ohm 3.0 Recognized models: CR2450, CR2430, CR2032, CR2032H,CR2025, CR2016,

2.0 CR2012, CR1620, CR1616, CR1220, CR1216, CR1025 Certification Number: MH12568

Voltage (V) 1k ohm 2.0

1.5 0 50 100 150 200 250 Discharge capacity (mAh)

Applications OA Machines (Fax, Copiers, Printers) Notebook PCs Desktop PCs PDAs Electronic Dictionaries Calculators Camcorders Digital Still Cameras Film Cameras Portable CD/MD Players Watches Medical Instruments, Cash Registers Electronic Meters (Water, Gas, Electricity) Keyless Entry Systems Portable Game Devices Remote Controllers FA Instruments (Measuring Instruments, Onboard Microcomputers, Sensors)

6 CR Coin Type Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery

CR2450 (610mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k 3.5 3.5 45 deg. C 20 deg. C 3.0 3.0

2.5 2.5 –10 deg. C 0 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 2.0 15k 56k150k 300k 1.5 1.5 101 102 103 104 105 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5

600 1 M continuous 3.0 45 deg. C

300 5 sec. 500 2.5 20 deg. C 1M Voltage (V) –20 deg. C 2.0 400 300 5 sec. –10 deg. C Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 300 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 101 102 103 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current ( A)

CR2430 (290mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k 3.5 3.5 45 deg. C 20 deg. C 3.0 3.0

2.5 2.5 0 deg. C –10 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 2.0 15k 56k 150k 300k 1.5 1.5 101 102 103 104 105 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 350 45 deg. C

3.0 1 M continuous 300 20 deg. C 300 5 sec. 2.5 250 –10 deg. C

Voltage (V) 1M 2.0 200 –20 deg. C

300 5 sec. Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 150 0 50 100150 200 250 300 101 102 103 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current ( A)

7 LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

CR2032H (240mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k 3.5 3.5 20 deg. C 60 deg. C

3.0 3.0

0 deg. C 2.5 2.5 –10 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 2.0

15k 150k 300k 1M 1.5 1.5 101 102 103 104 105 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 250 45 deg. C 1 M continuous 3.0 –10 deg. C 200 20 deg. C 300 5 sec. 2.5 –20 deg. C Voltage (V) 1M 150 2.0

300 5 sec. Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 100 020 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 101 102 103 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current ( A)

CR2032 (220mAh) Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k 3.5 3.5 60 deg. C 20 deg. C 3.0 3.0

0 deg. C 0 deg. C 2.5 2.5 –10 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) –10 deg. C 2.0 2.0 20 deg. C 15k15kΩ 150k150 k300kΩ 300 1MkΩ Ω 60 deg. C 1.5 1.5 101 102 103 104 105 0200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 250 45 deg. C

1 M continuous 3.0 200 20 deg. C 300 5sec 2.5 Voltage (V) 1M 150 –20 deg. C 2.0 –10 deg. C 300 5 sec. Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 100 020 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 101 102 103 104 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current ( A)

8 CR Coin Type Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery

CR2025 (170mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k 3.5 3.5 60 deg. C 3.0 3.0 20 deg. C

2.5 2.5 0 deg. C –10 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 2.0

15k 150k 300k 1M 1.5 1.5 101 102 103 104 105 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 200 45 deg. C 1M continuous 3.0 20 deg. C 150 300 5 sec. 2.5 –10 deg. C –20 deg. C Voltage (V) 1M 100 2.0

300 5 sec. Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 50 020 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 101 102 103 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current ( A)

CR2016 (90mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k 3.5 3.5 45 deg. C 20 deg. C 3.0 3.0

2.5 2.5 0 deg. C –10 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 2.0 39k 390k 1M 2.7M

1.5 1.5 101 102 103 104 105 050 100 150 200250 300 350 400 450 500 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 100 45 deg. C 20 deg. C 1 M continuous 3.0 80

2.5 300 5 sec. –10 deg. C –20 deg. C

Voltage (V) 1M 60 2.0

300 5 sec. Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 40 0 20406080 101 102 103 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current ( A)

9 LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

CR2012 (50mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k 3.5 3.5 45 deg. C 20 deg. C 3.0 3.0

2.5 2.5 –10 deg. C 0 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 2.0 56k 560k 1.8M3.9M

1.5 1.5 101 102 103 104 105 0 100 200 300 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 60 45 deg. C 1 M continuous 3.0 20 deg. C 40 2.5 300 5 sec. –10 deg. C –20 deg. C Voltage (V) 1M 20 2.0

300 5 sec. Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 0 0501020 30 40 60 101 102 103 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current ( A)

CR1620 (80mAh) Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 30 k 3.5 3.5 60 deg. C 20 deg. C 3.0 3.0

2.5 2.5 –10 deg. C 0 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 2.0 30k 300k 1M 3M 1.5 1.5 101 102 103 104 105 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 90 45 deg. C 80 20 deg. C 1 M continuous 3.0 70

2.5 300 5 sec. 60

Voltage (V) 1M 50 –20 deg. C 2.0 –10 deg. C 40 300 5 sec. Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 30 010 20406080100 30 50 70 90 101 102 103 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current ( A)

10 CR Coin Type Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery

CR1616 (55mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 30 k 3.5 3.5 45 deg. C 20 deg. C 3.0 3.0

2.5 2.5 0 deg. C –10 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 2.0 56k 560k1.5M 3.9M

1.5 1.5 101 102 103 104 105 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 80

1 M continuous 45 deg. C 3.0 60 20 deg. C

2.5 300 5 sec. 40

Voltage (V) 1M –20 deg. C 2.0 20 –10 deg. C

300 5 sec. Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 0 01020 30 40 50 60 101 102 103 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current ( A)

CR1220 (36mAh) Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 30 k 3.5 4.0

45 deg. C 3.0 20 deg. C 3.0

2.5 0 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) –10 deg. C 2.0 2.0 82k 820k 2.2M 5.6M

1.5 1.0 101 102 103 104 105 0 100 200 300 400 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 40 45 deg. C 1 M continuous 3.0 20 deg. C

30 2.5 300 5 sec. –20 deg. C Voltage (V) 1M 20 –10 deg. C 2.0 300 5 sec. Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 10 010203040 101 102 103 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current ( A)

11 LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

CR1216 (25mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 30 k 3.5 3.5

45 deg. C 20 deg. C 3.0 3.0

2.5 2.5 0 deg. C –10 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 2.0 120k 1.2M 3.6M

1.5 1.5 101 102 103 104 105 0100 200 300 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 45 deg. C 30 20 deg. C 1 M continuous 3.0

20 2.5 300 5 sec. –10 deg. C

Voltage (V) 1M –20 deg. C 2.0 10

300 5 sec. Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 101 102 103 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current ( A)

CR1025 (30mAh) Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 18 k 3.5 3.5

45 deg. C 20 deg. C 3.0 3.0

2.5 2.5 10 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 2.0 100k 1M 2.2M 6.8M –10 deg. C

1.5 1.5 101 102 103 104 105 0 100 200 Discharge duration time (h) Duration (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 40 45 deg. C 20 deg. C 1 M continuous 3.0 30

2.5 20 600 5 sec. 10 deg. C

Voltage (V) 1M –10 deg. C 2.0 10 600 5 sec. Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 0 0102030 101 102 103 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current ( A)

12 CR External Dimensions(unit:mm) CR2032 T15 CR2450 T25S CR2032 T25

ø20 0.75 4 ø20 0.75 4 1.3 (–) 4 1.3 0.2 21 – (+) (–) 15.2 – (+) (–) 25 20.3 17.8 Insulation sleeve 17.8 (+) 0.2 0.2

ø24.5 with TerminalsandWireConnectors Coin TypeLithiumManganeseDioxideBattery 0.2 Actual appearance 4 Actual appearance 10.6 8.5 34 4.5 4.5

4.0 0.75 0.75 0.75 10.16 10.16 4 CR2032 T16 CR2032 T6 CR2032 T5 4.5 4 4 0.75

0.75 4.5 ø20 4 4.1 ø20 4.1 ø20 – (+) (–) – (+) (–) 20.5 21 21 20 Insulation sleeve Insulation sleeve Insulation sleeve 0.2 5.0 0.2 (+) (–) 4.0 4 6.5 4 4.8

3.0 1.8 4

4.0 4 0.75

7.45 1.8 4.5 4.5 13 CR2032 T19 CR2032 T20 4 CR2032 T6LES ø20 ø20 10.16 4

10.16 (–) 0.75 0.75 0.75 4.5 ø20 4.1 – (+) (–) 4.0 (+) (+) 20.5 16 20.5 20.3 (+) 0.2 Insulation sleeve 1.3 6.5 4.0 (–) 0.2 (–) 4 4.8 4.5 4 4.0 3.0 4 0.75 4 1.8 4.5 CR2032 T23 CR2032 T33 CR2032 T14

ø20 5.5 4 1.5 5 1.5 4 4 ø20 4.5 5 ø20 – (+) (–) – (+) (–) 0.2 20.6 15.24 18.5 20.5 (+) (–) 0.2 5.1 0.2 . 5 4.8 Actual appearance 7 5 4.5 5.5

4.2 3 4

3 0.75 4 10.16 LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY External Dimensions (unit : mm) CR2032 T7 CR2032 T17 CR2032 T26 CR2032 T34

Insulation sleeve Insulation sleeve ø20 ø20 ø20

Insulation sleeve

(+) 3.7

2 0.2 (–) 7.5 (+) (–) 4 4.5 0.2

4 21 5 43

(–) (+) 4.5 (+)(–) (+) (–) 0.75 3.7 3.5 1.5 4 0.75 1.8 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.2 10.16 443.7 6 3.7 1.8 10.5 0.75 ø20 10.2 0.75 4 4 1.5

Actual appearance CR2032 WK11 CR2032 WK12 CR2032 WK13 CR2032 WK14 Insulation sleeve 34 Insulation sleeve 34 Insulation sleeve 22 34 Insulation sleeve (–) (–)

(+) (+) 5 (+) 20.2 (+) 20.2 (–) 20.2 (–) 20.2 (–) (+) 70 180 35 65 (+) (+) (+)

(–) (–) (–)

4.5 (+) 4.5 Adhesive tape 4.5 Adhesive tape Adhesive tape (–) (–) (–) (–) 4.9 12

12 (+) (+) 12 (+) Lead wire Lead wire Lead wire 12 Lead wire 12 12 Housing: DF3-4S-2C (Hirose) Housing: DF13-2S-1.25C (Hirose) Housing: DF13-2S-1.25C (Hirose) Housing: DF13-2S-1.25C (Hirose) Contact: DF3-2428SCF (Hirose) Contact: DF13-2630SCF (Hirose) Contact: DF13-2630SCF (Hirose) Contact: DF13-2630SCF (Hirose) Wire: AWG26 Wire: AWG28 Wire: AWG28 Wire: AWG28 CR2032 WK15 CR1616 T CR1220 T4

34 Insulation sleeve Insulation sleeve ø12.5 (+) ø1.5 1.8 (+) (–) 20.2 (–) 4

60 ø16 (+) (+) (–) 3

(–) 2.3 1.5

4.5 Adhesive tape 3.5

(+) (–) 2.7 (–) 13 11.5 0.75 0.2 0.2 12 (+) 0.2 (+) 3.25 4 2.5

10 (–) 12 Lead wire

Housing: DF13-2S-1.25C (Hirose) Contact: DF13-2630SCF (Hirose) Wire: AWG28

: Tin plating : Horizontal & Through hole Type : Horizontal & Surface mounting Type : Vertical & Through hole Type : Wire connector Type

14 CR Heat Resistant Coin Type Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery

Overview Maxell’s original sealing technology and highly heat-resistant material expands operating temperature range remarkably, making the batteries supremely suitable for automobile applications — for powering TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitoring System) sensors, for example. Products Fig. 2 Storage Characteristics under High Temperature/Humidity Model CR2450HR CR2450HR-Ex 1400 Nominal Voltage (V) 3 3 1200 Nominal Capacity (mAh)** 550 525 1000 Other CR Nominal Discharge Current (mA) 0.2 0.2 800 Operating Temperature Range (deg. C) –40 to +125 –40 to +125 (max.150) 600 Acceleration Resistance Max. 2000G*** Heat resistant CR (HR) Diameter (mm) 24.5 400 Dimensions* Height (mm) 5.0 (Compared to pre-storage) 200 Calculated DC resistance (%) Heat resistant CR (HR-Ex) Weight (g)* 6.8 0 0 50 100 150 200 * Dimensions and weight are for the battery itself, but may vary Storage time (days, at 60 deg. C/90%) depending on terminal specifications and other factors. Very little deterioration in internal resistance due to high humidity (60 deg. C/90%RH), ** Nominal capacity indicates duration until the voltage drops down compared to other CR batteries. to 2.0V when discharged at a nominal discharge current at 20 deg. C. *** Equivalent to acceleration when driving at 300km/h, when Fig. 3 High Rate Discharge Characteristics attached to a 17-inch wheel • Data and dimensions are just reference values. For further details, CR2450HR 3.5 please contact your nearest Maxell dealer or distributor. 20 deg. C 3.0

Features 2.5

Wide operating temperature range: -40 deg. C to +125 deg. C 2.0 1k 3.9k 15k CR2450HR-Ex batteries can even be used at temperatures 1.5

up to 150 deg. C, depending on other conditions*. Voltage (V) Superior leak-resistant characteristics even under high 1.0 temperature and acceleration. 0.5 Can be used even under 2000G, which is equivalent to 0 driving at 300km/h. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Electric characteristics are maintained after long Discharge duration time (h) periods of exposure to high temperature and humidity. External Dimensions (unit : mm) *When using CR2450HR and/or CR2450HR-Ex at temperatures exceeding 85 deg. C, please consult Maxell in advance for CR2450HR T43 conditions of use. (5.0) Construction 2.8 24.5

Negative Electrode (Lithium) φ 2-C0.5 Separator Gasket 3.5 25 10.6

3.5 : Tin plating －＋ (0.2) 1.8 20.5 : Horizontal & Through Positive Electrode (MnO2) hole Type Fig. 1 Storage Characteristics under High Temperatures Applications 120 TPMS (Tire-Pressure Monitoring System) 100 ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System) Heat resistant CR (HR, HR-Ex) Set-Top Boxes 80 OA Machines (Fax, Copiers, Printers) 60 Notebook PCs Other CR Desktop PCs 40 Medical Instruments, Cash Registers 20 Capacity retention ratio (%) FA Instruments (Measuring Instruments, Onboard 0 Microcomputers, Sensors) 0 50 100 150 200 Storage time (days, at 80 deg. C) Electronic Meters (Water, Gas, Electricity) Very little deterioration in capacity due to high storage temperature of 80 deg. C, compared to other CR batteries. 15 LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

CR2450HR (550mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Discharge load: 15 k Temperature: 20 deg. C 3.5 3.5 80 deg. C 3.0 60 deg. C 3.0 2.5 20 deg. C 100 deg. C 2.0 2.5 1.5 –10 deg. C Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 1.0 2.0 3.9k 15k 150k 300k 0.5

1.5 0.0 1 1 2 3 4 5 10 10 10 10 10 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 600 60 deg. C/80 deg. C 3.3 100 deg. C 500 3.1 1M continuous 20 deg. C 2.9 400 2.7 2.5 300 5 sec 300 –10 deg. C 2.3 Voltage (V) 1M 200 2.1 1.9 300 5 sec 100 1.7 Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 0.1 1 10 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (mA)

CR2450HR-Ex (525mAh) Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k 3.5 3.5 20 deg. C 3.0 3.0 2.5 –10 deg. C 100 deg. C 2.0 2.5 60 deg. C 80 deg. C 1.5 Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 1.0 2.0 3.9k 15k 150k 300k 0.5

1.5 0.0 1 101 102 103 104 105 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity

Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V 3.5 600 80 deg. C 3.3 500 60 deg. C 3.1 1M continuous 100 deg. C 2.9 400 2.7 20 deg. C 2.5 300 5sec 300

2.3 –10 deg. C Voltage (V) 1M 200 2.1

1.9 300 5sec 100 1.7 Discharge capacity (mAh) 1.5 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 0.1 1 10 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (mA)

16 CR Cylindrical Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery

Overview The cylindrical lithium manganese dioxide battery (CR battery) features high capacity and excellent load characteristics due to Maxell’s unique winding method and improved electrical-conductivity structures. Because of its high-reliability, this battery is ideal for industrial use in, for example, security equipment and the power source of electronic meters.

Products Construction

Model CR17450 CR17335 Positive Terminal Gas Release Vent Gasket Collector Nominal Voltage (V) 3 3 Laser Seal (Copper Foil) Nominal Capacity (mAh)** 2600 1750

Nominal Discharge Current (mA) 5 5 Negative Electrode Separator Operating Temperature Range (deg. C) –40 to +85 –40 to +85 (Lithium) Collector Positive Electrode Dimensions* Diameter (mm) X Height (mm) 17 X 45 17 X 33.5 (MnO2)

Weight (g)* 22 16 Negative Can * Dimensions and weight are for the battery itself, but may vary depending on terminal specifications and other factors. ** Nominal capacity indicates duration until the voltage drops down to 2.0V when discharged at a nominal discharge current at 20 deg. C. Features Principle and Reactions High capacity batteries Maxell’s unique winding method and effective utilization of The cylindrical lithium manganese dioxide battery uses positive and negative electrodes realize high capacity. manganese dioxide (MnO2) as its positive active material, Low self-discharge rate and long battery life and lithium (Li) as its negative active material. A laser seal structure ensures air tightness. Minimized Battery Reactions electrode surface areas reduce the self-discharge rate. Superior storage characteristics + – Positive reaction: MnO2Li e Ǟ MnOOLi The optimization of positive materials and employment of a + Negative reaction: Li Ǟ Li e– high-reliability sealing structure stabilize pulse discharge characteristics over a wide usable temperature range after Total reaction: MnO2Li Ǟ MnOOLi long-time storage or discharge.

Applications Security Devices Electronic Meters (Water, Gas, Electricity) Home Fire/Smoke Alarms Memory Backup Power

External Dimensions (unit : mm) CR17450 VO-T3 CR17450 WK 41 CR17335 VO-T3 CR17335 WK 11

4.5 0.75 4.5 (−) 0.75 (−) (+) (+) 4 4 4 4

Insulation sleeve 0.3 Insulation sleeve 0.3 36.5 48±2 ( 45 ) ( 33.5 )

0.3 50 0.3 50

4.5 ø17 4.5 0.75 0.75 ø17 4

4 Housing : PHR-2(JST) Housing : PHR-2(JST) Contact : SPH-002T-P0.5S(JST) 4 Contact : SPH-002T-P0.5S(JST) 4 Lead Wire : AWG26 Lead Wire : AWG26 : Tin plating : Horizontal & Through hole Type : Wire connector Type

17 LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

CR17450 (2600mAh) Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Continuous discharge at 40mA 3.4 3.4

3.2 3.2 5mA 50 deg. C 3.0 3.0

2.8 2.8 40mA 20 deg. C 2.6 2.6

Voltage (V) 2.4 100mA Voltage (V) 2.4 300mA –10 deg. C 0 deg. C 2.2 2.2 200mA 2.0 2.0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge capacity (mAh)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Storage Characteristics

Minimum voltage for 0.1 second of 300 mA pulse discharge Discharge current: 5mA, Discharge temperature.: 20 deg.C 3.4 3.4 Temperature: 20 deg. C 3.2 3.2 Initial batteries 3.0 3.0

2.8 2.8

2.6 2.6 Batteries stored for

Voltage (V) 10 equivalent years** Voltage (V) 2.4 Storage period 2.4 0 year 2.2 5 equivalent years* 2.2 Batteries stored for 10 equivalent years** 4 equivalent years* 2.0 2.0 0 20406080 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Discharge capacity (mAh) Depth of discharge (%) 2600 mAh: 100% *After storage for 28 days at 80 deg. C **After storage for 57 days at 80 deg. C *After storage for 22 days at 80 deg. C, **After storage for 57 day's at 80 deg. C

CR17335 (1750mAh) Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics Temperature: 20 deg. C Continuous discharge at 30mA 3.4 3.4

3.2 3.2 5mA 20 deg. C 3.0 3.0

2.8 2.8 30mA 2.6 2.6

Voltage (V) 2.4 Voltage (V) 2.4 100mA 2.2 200mA 2.2 0 deg. C –10 deg. C 2.0 2.0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge capacity (mAh)

Pulse Discharge Characteristics Storage Characteristics

Minimum voltage for 0.1 second of 30 mA pulse discharge Discharge current: 5mA, Discharge temperature.: 20 deg. C 3.4 3.4 Temperature: 20 deg. C 3.2 3.3 Initial 3.0 3.2

3.1 2.8 2.6 3.0 Batteries stored for Voltage (V) Voltage (V) Storage period 2.4 10 equivalent years* 2.9 0 year 2.8 5 equivalent years* 2.2 10 equivalent years** 2.7 2.0 020406080 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Discharge capacity (mAh) Depth of discharge (%) 1750 mAh: 100% *After storage for 28 days at 80 deg. C **After storage for 57 days at 80 deg. C *After storage for 57 days at 80 deg. C

18 Lithium Thionyl ERChloride Battery (Li/SOCI2) With Terminals and Wire Connectors (ER18/50 / ER17/50 / ER6 / ER6C / ER17/33 / ER3 / ER3S)

LITHIUM THIONYL CHLORIDE BATTERY

19 Safety Instructions This battery is a high energy density sealed battery containing dangerous (Lithium) and deleterious (Thionyl Chloride) materials. For this reason, improper handling of the battery could lead to distortion, leakage*, overheating, explosion, fire, or generation of irritating/corrosive gases, causing bodily injury or equipment trouble. Please observe the following instructions to prevent accidents. For from your customers to your industrial waste processors (including recycled processor), please have them fully understand these instructions. (* Leakage is defined as the unintentional escape of a liquid from a battery.)

Never deform. Warnings Handling Deforming could cause leakage, overheating, explosion, fire, or Do not recharge generation of irritating/corrosive gases. Never swallow. Never reverse the positive and negative terminals when mounting. Always keep the battery out of the reach of infants and young Improper mounting of the battery could lead to short-circuiting, children to prevent it from being swallowed. If swallowed, consult a charging or forced-discharging. This could cause distortion, physician immediately. leakage, overheating, explosion, fire, or generation of Never apply an excessive force to the positive terminal. irritating/corrosive gases. Because the positive terminal is sealed by a glass, subjecting this Never use different batteries together. area to sudden jolts and excessive force (over 19.6 N) could destroy Using different batteries together, i.e. different type or used and new the glass seal. This could cause leakage and the generation of or different manufacturer could cause distortion, leakage, irritating/corrosive gases. overheating, explosion, fire, or generation of irritating/corrosive Never drop. gases because of the differences in battery property. If using two or Dropping the battery could destroy the glass seal leading to leakage more batteries connected in series or in parallel even same batteries, and the generation of irritating/corrosive gases. please consult with Maxell before using. Never weld the terminals or weld a wire to the body of the Never allow liquid leaking from the battery to get in your eyes battery directly. or mouth. The heat of welding or soldering could cause the lithium to melt, or Because this liquid could cause serious damage, if it does come in cause damage to the insulating material in the battery, leading to contact with your eyes, flush them immediately with plenty of water possible distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire, or and consult a physician. Likewise, If the liquid gets in your mouth, generation of irritating/corrosive gases. When soldering the battery rinse immediately with plenty of water and consult a physician. directly to equipment, solder only the tabs or leads. Even then, the Never touch the battery electrodes. temperature of the soldering iron must be below 350 deg. C and the Do not allow the battery electrodes to come in contact with your skin soldering time less than 5 seconds. Do not use a soldering bath, or fingers. Otherwise, the moisture from your skin could cause a because the circuit board with battery attached could stop moving discharge of the battery, which could produce certain chemical or the battery could drop into the bath. Moreover do not use substances causing you to receive a chemical burns. excessive solder, because the solder could flow to unwanted portions of the board, leading to a short-circuit or charging of the battery. Circuit Design for Back-up Use Never short-circuit the battery. Warnings Do not allow the positive and negative terminals to short-circuit. This is a primary battery and cannot be charged. If used in memory Never carry or store the battery with metal objects such as a or RTC back-up applications, be sure to use diodes to prevent necklace or a hairpin. Do not take multiple batteries out of the charging from the main power source or other batteries, and a package and pile or mix them when storing. Otherwise, this could protective resistor to regulate the current as shown in the figure lead to distortion, leakage, overheating, and explosion of the battery. below. Note that the points described below should be taken into Never charge. careful consideration when selecting diodes and protective resistors. The battery is not designed to be charged by any other electrical source. Charging could generate gas and internal short-circuiting, Diode Diode leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, fire, or +5V Load +5V Load generation of irritating/corrosive gases. Diode Diode Never forcibly discharge. Diode Protective Forcibly discharging by an external power source or other batteries resistor Protective could cause the voltage to fall below 0V (reversing the poles), resistor generating gas inside the battery and leading to distortion, leakage, Battery Battery overheating, explosion, fire, or generation of irritating/corrosive gases. Never heat. Example (A) Example (B) Heating the battery to more than 100 deg. C could increase the internal pressure, causing distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, fire, or generation of irritating/corrosive gases. Supplied voltage to load Because a diode and a resistor generate the voltage drop on Never expose to open flames. operating, please take into consideration these voltage drops for Exposing to flames could cause the lithium metal to melt, causing supplied voltage to load. the battery to catch on fire and explode. Using diodes to prevent charging Never disassemble the battery. Please choose diodes with leak current of no more than 0.5μA. Disassembly could generate the irritating/corrosive gases. In addition, the lithium metal inside the battery could overheat, leading to catch on fire.

20 ER Lithium Thionyl Chloride Battery

Using and setting protective resistors Storage A protective resistor is used to Avoiding storing the battery in direct sunlight, or in excessively hot Type Maximum Current prevent the battery from being and humid locations, and store it out of the way of rainwater and ER18/50 125μA charged by large surges of current other adverse environmental elements. ER17/50 125μA during diode failure. Please set ER6 100μA Bundling the resistor so that the maximum ER6C 100μA When bundling the battery with a product, be sure to use current shown in the right table is ER17/33 70μA cushioning and other packing to protect the battery (and especially not exceeded. For example, say ER3 50μA the positive terminal) from jolts and shocks during transportation. an ER6 battery is used in sample ER3S 40μA circuit A in combination with a main power source 5 volt. Since the permitted charge current is 100μA and this battery’s voltage is 3.6V, let the resistor be R=> (5V-3.6V)/100μA=14k ohm, meaning that at least 14k ohm is required.

Note: If the diodes broke down, it is necessary for safety to replace them as soon as possible even though using a protective resistor. Considering the trouble of diodes and resistors, other safety measures should be incorporated in the circuit design.

Warnings Disposal The battery may be regulated by national or local regulation. Please Tape follow the instructions of proper

regulation. As electric capacity is + left in a discarded battery and it comes into contact with other metals, it could lead to distortion, leakage, overheating, or explosion, – so make sure to cover the (+) and (-) terminals with friction tape or Tape some other insulator before (Example of battery insulation) disposal.

Caution Handling Minimum transient voltage The various tests have shown that the minimum transient voltage is influenced greatly by the actual conditions of use and storage Therefore, please design your circuits using no more than the standard discharge current, taking into account the voltage drop due to the minimum transient voltage. Please consult with Maxell beforehand if you are unsure of anything. Installing, removing, and disposing of batteries 1) When installing a battery in a device, make sure that the positive terminal is facing up, or at least to the side. As this battery uses liquid thionyl chloride as the positive active material, placing the positive terminal at the bottom will cause the thionyl chloride to become maldistributed, which could prevent the needed performance from being obtained when a large amount of current is used. 2) Please have the installation, removal, and disposal of this battery performed by a technician with a thorough understanding of the Warnings and Cautions on handling.

21 LITHIUM THIONYL CHLORIDE BATTERY

The ER battery is for industrial use only. When replacement is necessary, please contact the manufacturer of your equipment. Overview This battery is ideal for such long-term applications as power for electronic devices and electric power, water, and gas meters, and especially as a backup power source for memory ICs.

Products

Model ER18/50 ER17/50 ER6 ER6C ER17/33 ER3 ER3S

Nominal Voltage (V) 3.63.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6

Nominal Capacity (mAh)** 3,6502,750 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,100 790

Nominal Discharge Current (μA) 125125 100 100 75 40 35

Operating Temperature Range (deg. C) –55 to +85–55 to +85 –55 to +85 –55 to +85 –55 to +85 –55 to +85 –55 to +85 Diameter (mm) 1817 14.5 14.5 17.0 14.5 14.5 Dimensions* Height (mm) 52.652.6 53.5 51 35 29.9 26 Weight (g)* 22 20 15 15 13 8 7

Construction Principle and Reactions The lithium thionyl chloride battery uses liquid thionyl chloride (SOCl2) as its positive active material, and lithium (+) Resin Seal Positive (Li) as its negative active material. The reactions of the Terminal Melt Seal battery are shown below. Metal Lid

Glass Seal

Metal Can

Negative Top Lid Electrode Battery Reactions + - Separator Positive reaction: 2SOCl2+4Li +4e Ǟ4LiCl+S+SO2 Positive Positive Collector + - Electrode Negative reaction: LiǞLi +e Bottom Insulator Total reaction: 2SOCl2+4LiǞ4LiCl+S+SO2 Negative Terminal (–)

Features High 3.6-V voltage The lithium thionyl chloride battery achieves a high voltage of 3.6 V. Flat discharge characteristics The change of internal resistance during discharge is minimal, allowing for flat discharge voltage until end of discharge life. High energy density Provides high energy density of 970m Wh/cm3 with discharge current of 100μA (ER6 type). Wide usable temperature range Can be used over a wide temperature range : - 55 deg. C to +85 deg. C (please consult with Maxell if using in temperatures of -40 deg. C or less). Superior long-term reliability The extremely low self-discharge, together with the use of a hermetic seal, allows for stable use over long periods.

22 ER Lithium Thionyl Chloride Battery

Minimum transient voltage The lithium thionyl chloride battery has remarkably lower self-discharge when compared with conventional batteries. This is because a lithium chloride membrane is formed over the negative lithium surface, blocking reaction with the positive material. When first discharging after storage, resistance from this lithium chloride membrane may temporarily reduce the voltage at the initiation of discharge. The lowest voltage at this time is called minimum transient voltage, and the lower the temperature, and the larger the discharge current, the lower the voltage will be. Because minimum transient voltage is greatly influenced by storage time and conditions, it is necessary to take this into sufficient consideration when designing a device. ER6 4

Open Circuit 3.5 Initial Usage 3 Voltage Voltage Minimum Transient Voltage 2.5 Time

Time 2

1.5 20 deg C –10 deg C 1 –40 deg C

Minimum Transient Voltage (V) 0.5 After 3 months at 20 deg. C

0 103 104 Discharge load (ohm) The figure above shows minimum transient voltage using a fresh battery.

Relationship between Discharge Load and Operating Voltage Storage Characteristics The operating voltage of a battery falls as the discharge The lithium thionyl chloride battery is made from chemically load increases and temperature falls. In the case of initial stable inorganic materials. Additionally, a sealing method use, an electric potential of at least 3 V will be maintained employing a laser-welded seal structure and hermetic seal even at temperatures of -40 deg. C at discharge of less hinders the admittance of outside air. These features than 1 mA. ER6 provide superior storage characteristics, holding down 4 self-discharge to no more than 1% of capacity per year at normal temperatures. 3.5

ER6 3 4

2.5 After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C 3 (equivalent to storage for 10 years at 20 deg. C) 2

1.5 20 deg C 2 –10 deg C Initial 1 –40 deg C Voltage (V) 1 Temp:20 deg.C Operating Voltage (V) 0.5 After 3 months at 20 deg. C discharge current: 100 μA 0 0 103 104 0 25 50 75 100 Discharge load (ohm) Discharge capacity (%)

UL Recognized Components Applications

The lithium thionyl chloride battery is a UL (Underwriters OA Machines (Fax, Copiers, Printers) Laboratories Inc.) recognized component. (Technician Desktop PCs PDAs Replaceable) Medical Instruments, Cash Registers FA Instruments (Measuring Instruments, Onboard Recognized models: ER18/50, ER17/50, ER6, ER6C, Microcomputers, Sensors) ER17/33, ER3, ER3S Electronic Meters (Water, Gas, Electricity) ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System) Certification Number: MH12568

23 LITHIUM THIONYL CHLORIDE BATTERY

ER18/50 (3650mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time

Temperature: 20 deg. C 1,000,000 4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5 Year 100,000 10 Voltage (V) 70,000 7 2.0 50,000 5 1.2mA 120 A 24 A 20 deg. C 4 1.5 10 102 103 104 105 106 3 20,000 Discharge duration time (h) 60 deg. C 2

10,000 Temperature: –40 deg. C 1 7,000 4.0 5,000 0.5 Discharge duration time (h)

2,000 3.0

1,000 10 20 30 50 70 100 200 300 500 1000 Voltage (V) 2.0 Discharge current (A) 1.2mA 120A 24A 10 102 103 104 105 106 Discharge duration time (h) Storage Characteristics

Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 1.2mA Temperature: 20 deg. C

4.0 4.0

3.5 3.0 3.0 After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C* 2.0 2.5 Voltage (V)

Voltage (V) Initial 2.0 1.0 (*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years) 1.2mA 20A 10 102 103 104 105 106 0 Discharge duration time (h) 0 1000 20003000 4000 Discharge duration time (h)

ER17/50 (2750mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time

Temperature: 20 deg. C 4.0 200,000

100,000 Year 10 3.0 70,000 7 50,000 5

Voltage (V) 4 2.0 3 1.2mA 120A24A 20 deg. C 20,000 10 102 103 104 105 106 2 60 deg. C Discharge duration time (h)

Temperature: –40 deg. C 10,000 1 4.0 7,000

Discharge duration time (h) 5,000 0.5

3.0

2,000

Voltage (V) 20 30 50 70 100 200 300 500 2.0 Discharge current ( A) 1.2mA 120A 24A 10 102 103 104 105 106 Storage Characteristics Discharge duration time (h)

Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 1.2mA Temperature: 20 deg. C 4.0 4.0

3.0

3.0 Initial 2.0 After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C* Voltage (V)

Voltage (V) 1.0 2.0 (*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years) 1.2mA 1 20A 0 10 102 103 104 105 106 0 1000 2000 3000 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

24 ER Lithium Thionyl Chloride Battery

ER6 (2000mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time

Temperature: 20 deg. C 4.0 100,000 10 70,000 7 Year

3.0 50,000 5 4 3

Voltage (V) 20,000 2.0 20 deg. C 2 1mA 100μA 20μA 60 deg. C 2 3 4 5 10,000 1101010 10 10 1 Discharge duration time (h) 7,000

5,000 0.5 Temperature: –40 deg. C 4.0 Discharge duration time (h) 2,000

3.0 1,000 20 30 50 70 100 200 300 500 μ Voltage (V) Discharge current ( A) 2.0 1mA 100μA 20μA 110102 103 104 105 Discharge duration time (h) Storage Characteristics

Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 1mA Temperature: 20 deg. C 4.0 4.0

3.0 3.0 2.0 After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C* Initial Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 1.0 1mA 100μA (*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years)

110102 103 104 105 0 0 800 1600 2400 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

ER6C (1800mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time

Temperature: 20 deg. C 4.0 100,000 Year 10 70,000 7

3.0 50,000 5 4 (h) 3 Voltage (V) 20,000 2.0 20 deg. C 2 1mA 100 μ A 20 μ A 60 deg. C 2 3 4 5 10,000 1101010 10 10 1 Discharge duration time (h) 7,000

5,000 0.5 Temperature: –40 deg. C 4.0 Discharge duration time 2,000

3.0 1,000 20 30 50 70 100 200 300 500

Voltage (V) Discharge current (μA) 2.0 1mA 100 μA 20 μ A 1 10 102 103 104 105 Discharge duration time (h) Storage Characteristics

Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 1mA Temperature: 20 deg. C 4.0 4.0

3.0 3.0 Initial 2.0 After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C* Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 1.0 1mA 100 μ A (*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years)

1 10 102 103 104 105 0 0 800 1600 2400 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

25 LITHIUM THIONYL CHLORIDE BATTERY

ER17/33 (1600mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time

Temperature: 20 deg. C 4.0 100,000 Year 10 70,000 7 3.0 50,000 5 4 3 Voltage (V) 20,000 2.0 20 deg. C 2 800A 80A 16A 110102 103 104 105 10,000 1 Discharge duration time (h) 7,000 60 deg. C 5,000 0.5 Temperature: –40 deg. C 4.0 Discharge duration time (h) 2,000

3.0 1,000 20 30 50 70 100 200 300 500

Voltage (V) Discharge current (A) 2.0 800A 80A 16A 110102 103 104 105 Discharge duration time (h) Storage Characteristics

Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 800μA Temperature: 20 deg. C 4.0 4.0

3.0 3.0 Initial 2.0 After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C* Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 1.0 800A 80A (*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years)

110102 103 104 105 0 0 800 1600 2400 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

ER3 (1100mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time

Temperature: 20 deg. C 4.0 100,000 10 70,000 7 Year

3.0 50,000 5 4 3 Voltage (V) 20,000 2.0 400μA 40μA 8μA 20 deg. C 2 110102 103 104 105 10,000 1 Discharge duration time (h) 7,000

5,000 Temperature: –40 deg. C 60 deg. C 0.5 4.0

Discharge duration time (h) 2,000

3.0 1,000 810 30 50 100 200 300 500

Voltage (V) Discharge current (μA) 2.0 400μA 40μA 8μA 110102 103 104 105 106 Discharge duration time (h) Storage Characteristics

Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 400μA Temperature: 20 deg. C 4.0 4.0

3.0 3.0 After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C* 2.0 Initial Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 1.0 400μA 40μA (*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years)

110102 103 104 105 0 0 1000 2000 3000 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

26 ER Lithium Thionyl Chloride Battery

ER3S (790mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time

Temperature: 20 deg. C 4.0 100,000 10 70,000 7 Year

3.0 50,000 5 4 3 Voltage (V) 20,000 2.0 2 400μA 40μA 8μA 20 deg. C 110102 103 104 105 10,000 1 Discharge duration time (h) 7,000 60 deg. C 5,000 Temperature: –40 deg. C 0.5 4.0 Discharge duration time (h) 2,000

3.0 1,000 810 30 50 70 100 200 300 500

Voltage (V) Discharge current (μA) 2.0 400μA 40μA 8μA 110102 103 104 105 Discharge duration time (h) Storage Characteristics

Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 400μA Temperature: 20 deg. C 4.0 4.0

3.0 3.0 Initial 2.0 After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C* Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2.0 1.0 (*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years) 400μA 40μA 110102 103 104 105 0 0 800 1600 2400 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

27 With Terminals and Wire Connectors L ITH IUM TH I O NYL C HLORIDE BATTE R Y

External Dimensions (unit : mm) ER18/50 #2 PC ER17/50 #2 PC ER6 #2 PC

6.5 7.5 ø0.63 ø0.63

6 ø0.63 (+) (+)

ø18 ø14.5 53.8 54.7 47.7 (53.6) 53.8 47.7

ø17 (52.6) 47.6 (53.5) 0.25 0.25 (–) (–) 0.75 0.75 0.75 6.5 6.5 7.5

ER6K-#17 ER6C #2 PC(2) ER6C WKP 8.5 11.5 3.5 Plastic cap 7.5 57.3 100 ø0.63 Insulation sleeve

(+) 6.0

18 (+)1 (–)2 53.0 Loop 45. 0 Hook ø14.5 (51) 52 44.5

1(+) 2(–)

0.25 ø14.5 100

15.2 (–)

Housing: XHP-2 (JST) 0.75 Contact: SXH-001GH-P0.6 (JST) 7.5 Lead wire: AWG26 Housing: HNC-2.5S-2 (Hirose) Contact: HNC-2.5S-C-B(0.3) (Hirose) Lead wire: AWG26

ER17/33 #2 PC ER17/33 WKP ER3 #2 PC ER3 WKP

Plastic cap 1(–) 2(+) 8.5 8.5 ø0.63 7.5 11.5

6.5 ø0.63 100 (+) 5.2 (+) (+) 3.5 55 1(+) 2(–) 6.0 ø17 Insulation sleeve 36

30 ø14.5 (29.9) 31.1 ø17 31.0 (35) 36.2 30.1 24 24. 6 MAX18.2 0.25 (–) 0.25 MAX17 (–) (–) 0.75 ø14.9

6.5 0.75 Housing: HNC2-2.5S-2 (Hirose) Contact: HNC-2.5S-C-B(03) (Hirose) Housing: IL-2S-S3L-(N) (JAE) 7.5 Lead wire: AWG26 Contact: IL-C2-1-1000 (JAE) Lead wire: AWG24 ER3S #2 PC ER3S WKP ER3SR #12 2(+) 1(–) 8.5 11.5

7.5 ø16.4 63

ø0.63 3.5 (+) 90 POS 2(+) (+) POS 1(–) 6.0 28 29.3 21. 9 (26) 28.5 ø14.5 21.3 0.25 MAX17.0 (–) 0.75 ø14.9

7.5 Housing: 2695-02RP : Tin plating Housing: IL-S-2S-S2C2- S Contact: 2759 GS Contact: IL-S-C2-1-10000 : Horizontal & Through hole Type Lead wire: UL1007 AWG26 Lead wire: AWG26 : Wire connector Type

28 Lithium Ion Rechargeable Battery

ICP403450AR / ICP463443SR / ICP463446AR / ICP463450AR / ICPICP483640SR / ICP533640SR / ICP553443AR ICP553446AR / ICP553450SR / ICP653047AS / ICP653443AR / ICP653450AR / ICP783640SR / ICP803443AR

LITHIUM ION RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

33 Safety Instructions Improper use of the battery may cause heat, fire, explosion, damage or reduced battery capacity. Please read and follow the handling instructions for the battery before and during usage. The followings are general cautions and guidelines only and as such may not include every possible usage scenario. The manufacturer will not be liable for actions taken or accidents caused by any usage not documented below.

Danger Warnings Do not dip or wet the battery in water, seawater, or other liquid. Do not put the battery in a microwave oven or a pressure cooker. Otherwise the battery may be shorted, which may generate heat or Sudden heat may damage the seal of the battery and may cause cause damage. heat generation, explosion or fire.

Do not put the battery into a fire. Otherwise, the electrolyte may Do not use the battery together with a primary battery such as a burn or cause an explosion. dry battery or other battery of a different capacity, type and/or brand. In such a case, over-discharge during use or over-charge Do not heat the battery. Otherwise the electrolyte may boil and during charging may occur and abnormal chemical reactions may resin parts may melt, causing leakage, explosion or fire. cause heat generation, explosion or fire from the battery.

The battery has a predetermined polarity. If the battery will not If you notice any unusual odor, heat, discoloration, deformation or connect well to the charger or equipment, do not try to connect the any other characteristic apart from what you are used to while battery forcefully. Check the polarity first. If the battery is using, charging or storing the battery, then take it out of the connected in reverse, it will be charged in reverse and may cause equipment or charger, and avoid using it. Using it in such state leakage, heat generation, explosion or fire due to an abnormal may result in heat generation, explosion or fire. chemical reaction. If the battery leaks or emits an unusual odor, remove it from the Do not connect the battery in reverse relation to the positive (+) vicinity of any fire immediately. The electrolyte may catch fire, and negative (-) terminals in the charger or equipment. If the which may cause heat generation or explosion. battery is connected in reverse, it will be charged in reverse, discharge excessive current and may cause heat generation, Do not let leaked electrolyte come into contact with the eyes. In explosion or fire due to an abnormal chemical reaction. the event of such contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water immediately and consult a doctor. Otherwise prolonged contact Do not let the battery terminals (+ and -) come into contact with a may cause serious injury. wire or any metal (like a metal necklace or a hairpin) with which it is carried or stored. In such a case, the battery will be shorted and Caution discharge excessive current, which may result in heat generation, explosion or fire. If the battery leaks and its electrolyte comes into contact with skin or clothes, wash the contact area well with tap water or other clean Do not apply any heavy impact to the battery, throw or drop it. water right away. Otherwise skin may break out in a rash. Otherwise the battery may be shorted and result in heat generation, explosion or fire. When the battery is expected not to be used for a long time, take the battery out of the equipment or device and store it in a less Do not drive a nail into, hammer or stamp on the battery. humid area. Otherwise the battery may be shorted and result in heat generation, explosion or fire. After long periods of storage without being used, the battery should be charged before it is used. Charge the battery every 6 Do not solder the battery directly. Heat applied during soldering months to the level specified by the manufacturer, even if the may melt resin parts such as separator or gasket, and result in battery is not used. leakage, heat generation, explosion or fire. Do not leave the battery pack connected to the charger. It may Do not disassemble or alter the battery. Otherwise the battery may cause the degradation of battery performance, such as a be shorted and result in heat generation or fire. shortening of battery life.

Do not use or leave the battery near fire, heaters, inside an Turn off your equipment or device power switch after use. automobile in hot weather or under strong sunshine. Such conditions of high temperature may damage the separator, and the Do not use the battery in other than the following temperature battery may be shorted and result in heat generation, explosion or ranges: fire. Charge 0 deg. C to +45 deg. C When charging the battery, do not use any battery charger not Discharge -20 deg. C to +60 deg. C specified by the manufacturer. Always follow the charge conditions Storage (less than 30 days) -20 deg. C to +50 deg. C specified by the manufacturer. If the battery is charged under other Storage (less than 90 days) -20 deg. C to +35 deg. C conditions (a high temperature, a high voltage/current or an altered charger) not specified by the manufacturer, the battery may cause Notes for treating used batteries heat generation, explosion or fire due to abnormal chemical • Insulate (+) and (–) terminals with tape. reactions. • Do not remove coating. • Do not expose to rain or water. Do not connect the battery directly to an electric outlet or cigarette • Do not disassemble. lighter socket in a car. Applying a high voltage may generate an • Do not leave under strong sunshine. excessive current and cause an electric shock. In such a case, the • Store in rugged receptacle and cover with a lid. battery may leak electrolyte, overheat, explode or cause fire.

34 ICP Lithium Ion Rechargeable Battery

Overview Maxell has concentrated its original technologies accumulated during the development of various products such as magnetic tapes, IC cards and memory cards, as well as its battery technology into Maxell’s lithium ion batteries. With Maxell’s unique manufacturing technology and quality control system, including carefully selected electrode materials, sealing technology, and micron-order accuracy control, Maxell has developed lithium ion batteries featuring various excellent characteristics and high reliability.

Products

Cell Type ICP403450AR ICP463443SR ICP463446AR ICP463450AR ICP483640SR ICP533640SR ICP553443AR Thickness 3.9±0.2 4.4±0.2 4.4±0.2 4.4±0.2 4.6±0.2 5.0±0.3 5.2±0.3 Dimensions*1 Width 33.7±0.2 33.8±0.2 33.8±0.2 33.8±0.2 35.8±0.2 35.8±0.2 33.8±0.2 (mm) Height 49.7+0/-0.5 42.95+0/-0.5 46.0+0/-0.5 49.6+0/-0.5 40.0+0/-0.5 40.0+0/-0.5 42.8+0/-0.5 Weight (g)*2 16 15 16 18 17 18 18 Charge Max. Voltage (V) 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 (CCCV) Max. Current (A) 0.80 0.79 0.82 0.92 0.82 0.90 0.92 Discharge End Voltage (V) 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 (CC) Max. Current (A) 1.20 1.19 1.23 1.38 1.23 1.35 1.38 Nominal Voltage (V) 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 Minimum Capacity (mAh)*3 800 790 820 920 820 900 920

Cell Type ICP553446AR ICP553450SR ICP653047AS ICP653443AR ICP653450AR ICP783640SR ICP803443AR Thickness 5.2±0.3 5.2±0.3 6.2±0.3 6.2±0.3 6.2±0.3 7.5±0.3 7.7±0.3 Dimensions*1 Width 33.8±0.2 33.8±0.2 30.0±0.2 33.8±0.2 33.8±0.2 35.8±0.2 33.8±0.2 (mm) Height 46.0+0/-0.5 49.6+0/-0.5 47.1+0/-0.5 42.6+0/-0.5 49.6+0/-0.5 40.0+0/-0.5 42.6+0/-0.5 Weight (g)*2 19 21 20 21 24 25 25 Charge Max. Voltage (V) 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 (CCCV) Max. Current (A) 1.00 1.15 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.34 1.35 Discharge End Voltage (V) 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 (CC) Max. Current (A) 1.50 1.73 1.50 1.65 1.80 2.01 2.03 Nominal Voltage (V) 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 Minimum Capacity (mAh)*3 1000 1150 1000 1100 1200 1340 1350

Positive electrode: Lithium cobalt dioxide, Negative electrode: Graphite *1: Dimensions of fresh cell without tube. *2: Approximate value *3: Capacity is according to the following conditions: Charge CCCV: 1C/4.2V/3h, Discharge 0.2C/E.V.=2.75V, Temperature 25 deg. C Above specifications are subject to change without notice. For more detailed information and availability, please consult your Maxell representative. Note This brochure introduces lithium-ion cells only. Maxell offers these cells in battery pack format only, which include electronic circuits to prevent overcharge, overdischarge and so on. These battery packs are custom-developed and produced according to special requirements regarding operating conditions and specifications. As a result, a minimum number of units may apply to such customized orders from customers purchasing battery packs. For details, consult your nearest Maxell dealer or distributor. Notes for Designers Select the correct type of battery to match the operating conditions Charge Control Flowchart (sample) such as load current, etc. Refer to the following flowchart when designing constant current and constant voltage battery chargers. Charge Conditions To get the most out of lithium-ion batteries and use them safely, please Start charge read the following requirements carefully: Check battery connection

Check battery temperature Charge Mode Constant Current, Constant Voltage Charge Failed Charge Voltage 4.20V±0.05V / cell Check battery voltage Passed Preliminary charge Max. Charge Current 1C Charge Time Approx. 3 hours Constant current, constant voltage charge • Current monitoring Failed Charge Temperature 0 to +45 deg. C • Temperature monitoring • Time monitoring Passed Abnormal charge stop Charge completion

35 LITHIUM ION RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

Cell Structure Characteristics (ICP553450SR) Gas Release Vent Charge Characteristics

100 1500 4.5 Negative Terminal Charge Capacity

Laser Seal 80 1200 Cell Voltage 4.0

Separator 60 900 3.5

Charge Current Positive Electrode 40 600 3.0

Charge:1150mA(1C)/4.2V (CC-CV) Cell Voltage (V) Charge current (mA) Charge capacity (%) Temperature: 25 deg. C Positive Can 20 300 2.5 Negative Electrode

0 0 2.0 0 30 60 90 120150 180 Time (min)

Discharge Load Characteristics

4.5

0.2C (230mA) 4.0 0.5C (575mA) 1C (1150mA) Features 3.5 Higher operating voltage of 3.7V and energy density Cell voltage (V) A lithium-ion battery delivers and maintains a stable operating Charge: 1150mA(1C)/4.2V(CC-CV)/2.5h 3.0 Discharge: 0.2C, 0.5C,1C (E.V.=2.75V) voltage of over 3.7V until final discharge — three times as much Temperature: 25 deg. C voltage as a Ni-Cd or Ni-MH battery provides. It takes just 1/3 2.5 the number of lithium-ion batteries to provide the equivalent 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 amount of voltage from Ni-Cd or Ni-MH batteries, so portable Capacity (mAh) devices can be made much smaller and lighter. Discharge Temperature Characteristics Higher discharge rate for more powerful devices Lithium-ion batteries are capable of outstanding rates of 4.5 60 deg. C 25 deg. C discharge sufficient to power a hard disk, a video camera’s 0 deg. C -10 deg. C -20 deg. C motor and other devices. 4.0

Stable discharge under various temperatures 3.5 environmental conditions

Lithium-ion batteries provide stable discharge within a wide Cell voltage (V) range of temperatures, from –20 deg. C to +60 deg. C. 3.0 Charge: 1150mA(1C)/4.2V(CC-CV)/2.5h/25 deg. C Discharge: 230mA(0.2C) (E.V.=2.75V) Superior storage characteristics and convenience 2.5 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 including minimal self-discharge Capacity (mAh) Lithium-ion batteries limit self-discharge to less than 5% of the original capacity per month when batteries are stored at Cycle Life Characteristics 20 deg. C. 1200 Excellent cost performance 1000 Superior recharging properties ensure a service life of about 500 charge/discharge cycles under normal usage conditions. The 800 superior cost/performance ratio ensures that lithium-ion batteries 600 are ultimately more economical than primary batteries. 400 Capacity (mAh) Applications Charge: 1150mA(1C)/4.2V(CC-CV)/2.5h 200 Discharge: 1150mA(1C) (E.V.=2.75V) Mobile Phones PHS PDAs Electronic Dictionaries Temperature: 25 deg. C 0 Camcorders Digital Still Cameras Digital Audio Players 0 100 200 300 400 500 Portable Game Devices Cycle number (cycle)

36 LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE MLRECHARGEABLE BATTERY ML2032 / ML2016 / ML1220 With Terminals and Wire Connectors (ML2032 / ML2016 / ML1220)

LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

37 Safety Instructions This battery contains lithium, organic solvents, and other combustible materials. For this reason, improper handling of the battery could lead to distortion, leakage*, overheating, explosion, or fire, causing bodily injury or equipment trouble. Please observe the following instructions to prevent accidents. (* Leakage is defined as the unintentional escape of a liquid from a battery.)

Never allow liquid leaking from the battery to get in your eyes Handling Warnings or mouth. Never swallow. Because this liquid could cause serious damage, if it does come in Always keep the battery out of the reach of infants and young contact with your eyes, flush them immediately with plenty of water children to prevent it from being swallowed. If wallowed, consult a and consult a physician. Likewise, if the liquid gets in your mouth, physician immediately. rinse immediately with plenty of water and consult a physician. Do not replace. Keep leaking batteries away from fire. Depending on the battery manufacturer, there might be major If leakage is suspected or you detect a strong odor, keep the battery differences in performance even among the same types or models of away from fire, because the leaked liquid could catch on fire. batteries. If you are an equipment manufacturer and need to replace Never touch the battery electrodes. the battery, please use a new one of the same type and same model Do not allow the battery electrodes to come in contact with your skin as the existing one. Because this is a rechargeable battery, its or fingers. Otherwise, the moisture from your skin could cause a characteristics are completely different from a primary battery even discharge of the battery, which could produce certain chemical though their shapes are alike. If a primary battery is installed in the substances causing you to receive a chemical burns. circuit in place of a rechargeable battery, gas could be generated or the primary battery could be short-circuited by charging. This could lead to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. Please Warnings Circuit Design design your equipment so that the end user cannot replace the battery by mistake. Never set the charge voltage above 3.3V. Charging at a higher voltage could cause the generation of gas, Never use two or more batteries connected in series or in parallel. internal short-circuiting, or other malfunctions, leading to distortion, If batteries are connected together, it is very difficult to design a leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. For details, see the circuit to observe whether or not the batteries are charged at recommended circuits in the figure below. specified voltage or current as described in "Warning -Circuit Design". Always charge at the nominal currents shown below. Large surges of current could degrade the battery’s characteristics, Never reverse the positive and negative terminals when mounting. leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. To Improper mounting of the battery could lead to equipment trouble or avoid excessive current at the initiation of charging, make sure to short-circuiting. This could cause distortion, leakage, overheating, attach a protective resistor for current control. See the explosion, or fire. recommended circuits below. Never short-circuit the battery. Table 1 Nominal Charge Current by Model Do not allow the positive and negative terminals to short-circuit. Model ML2032 ML2016 ML1220 Never carry or store the battery with metal objects such as a Charge Current 2mA or lower 2mA or lower 1mA or lower necklace or a hairpin. Do not take multiple batteries out of the package and pile or mix them when storing. Please be careful when Recommended Circuits installing the battery not to short-circuit it with metal portions of the Please refer to the representative basic circuits shown below. If you equipment. Otherwise, this could lead to distortion, leakage, have any questions about circuit design, please feel free to contact overheating, explosion, or fire. Maxell. Never heat. D Table 2 Example of resistors + Voltage Heating the battery to more than 100 deg. C could increase the Regulator Output Voltage of Voltage Regulator internal pressure, causing distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, R Model GND 3.1V 3.2V Load or fire. ML2032 >550 ohm >600 ohm To 16V (3.0-3.3V) Never expose to open flames. ML ML2016 >550 ohm >600 ohm – >1.1K ohm >1.2K ohm Exposing to flames could cause the lithium metal to melt, causing D: Diode, R: Resistor ML1220 the battery to catch on fire and explode. Never disassemble the battery. (How to select a protective resistor for the current control) Do not disassemble the battery, because the separator or gasket The maximum charge current flows in the battery when charged at could be damaged, leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, an end voltage of 2V. Therefore, the value of the resistor is explosion, or fire. calculated using this equation: (R) => ((Output Voltage of Voltage Regulator) – 2) / (Nominal Charge Never weld the terminals or weld a wire to the body of the Current) battery directly. For example, the S-812C series, which has a maximum input voltage The heat of welding or soldering could cause the lithium to melt, or of 18V, or the S-817 series with a maximum input voltage of 10V cause damage to the insulating material in the battery, leading to (Seiko Instruments Inc.) can be used as a voltage regulator. possible distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. When Note 1: If the main power source voltage is stable, the charge soldering the battery directly to equipment, solder only the tabs or voltage can be allotted from main power source divided by the leads. Even then, the temperature of the soldering iron must be combination of resistors. below 350 deg. C and the soldering time less than 5 seconds. Do Note 2: Because the battery height must be changed by charge and not use a soldering bath, because the circuit board with battery discharge cycle, place a minimum of 1mm space between the attached could stop moving or the battery could drop into the bath. battery and device or chassis. Moreover do not use excessive solder, because the solder could flow to unwanted portions of the board, leading to a short-circuit or charging of the battery.

38 ML Lithium Manganese Dioxide Rechargeable Battery

comes into contact with (Example of under the direct rays of the sun or in a car in hot weather. other metals, it could lead battery insulation) If you do, this may cause distortion, leakage, overheating, to distortion, leakage, These batteries generate heat. explosion, or fire. overheating, or explosion, so make sure to cover the (+) and (-) Never allow the battery to come in contact with water. terminals with friction tape or some other insulator before disposal. If it does, this may cause the battery to rust or lead to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. Never store the battery in a hot and highly humid Caution Handling/Storage environment. Use within the rated temperature range of -20 to +60 deg. C. Doing so may cause the performance of the battery to Otherwise the battery's charge and discharge deteriorate. In certain environments, this may lead to characteristics may be reduced. distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire Overview The coin-type lithium manganese dioxide rechargeable battery is a small, lightweight rechargeable battery. This battery employs specially treated manganese dioxide for the positive material and a lithium-aluminum compound for the negative material. A specially formulated organic electrolyte is also used, yielding excellent discharge characteristics with low self-discharge. Products

Model ML2032 ML2016 ML1220 Nominal Voltage (V) 3 3 3

Nominal Capacity (mAh**) 65 25 18

Nominal Discharge Current (μA) 200 200 100

1,000 (6.5 mAh discharge) 1,500 (2.5 mAh discharge) 1,500(1.8 mAh discharge) Charge, Discharge Discharge Depth of 10% (total capacity 6,500 mAh) (total capacity 3,750 mAh) (total capacity 2,700 mAh) Cycle Lifetime 300 (13 mAh discharge) 500 (5 mAh discharge) 500 (3.6 mAh discharge) Discharge Depth of 20% (total capacity 3,900 mAh) (total capacity 2,500 mAh) (total capacity 1,800 mAh) Operating Temperature Ranges (deg.C) -20 to +60 -20 to +60 -20 to +60 Diameter (mm) 20 20 12.5 Dimensions* Height (mm) 3.2 1.6 2.0

Weight (g)* 3.0 1.8 0.7

Construction Principle and Reactions

Collector Negative Electrode The coin-type lithium manganese dioxide rechargeable Negative Separator Cap battery is a 3V battery using specially treated manganese (–) Gasket dioxide for the positive material, a lithium-aluminum compound for the negative material, and a specially formulated organic electrolyte.

Charge/Discharge Reactions (+) Collector Positive ElectrodePositive Can Charge MnO2(Li-Al) LiMnO2Al Discharge

39 LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

Features Approx. 2.5V operating voltage The operating voltage is about twice that of nickel cadmium rechargeable batteries. Displays a high discharge voltage of 2.8 V when at 10% of nominal capacity (depth of discharge is 10% or less), when charged at 3.0 to 3.3 V. Superior charge/discharge cycle characteristics (Fig. 2) Achieves 1,000 cycles of discharging to 10% of nominal capacity (Depth of discharge = 10%). The total discharge capacity is quite high at 100 times nominal capacity. Wide -20 deg. C to 60 deg. C usable temperature range Demonstrates stable operating voltage in temperatures as low as -20 deg. C and as high as 60 deg. C. Low self-discharge and superior leakage resistance (Fig. 3) Self-discharge at 20 deg. C is no more than 2% per year. Supplies a nominal capacity of about 95% even when stored at 20 deg. C for roughly five years (according to accelerated test conducted by Maxell). And since organic electrolyte is used, the battery has superior leakage resistance (shipped fully charged). Excellent floating characteristics (Fig. 4) A specially formulated organic electrolyte is employed to provide stable discharge characteristics even if charged for a year at 3.3 V at 20 deg. C (according to accelerated test conducted by Maxell). Excellent high rate discharge characteristics (Fig. 5)

Fig. 1 Charge Property Fig. 2 Charge/Discharge Cycle Performance

100 104 Temp: 20deg.C Cut-off voltage of charge: 3.25V FV = 2.0V Temperature : 20 deg. C 80 Recommended area 103 60

40 ML2016 2 Prohibited 10 ML2032 area 20 ML1220 various charging voltage (%) Available discharge capacity at 0 101 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Rechargeable cycle number / cycles 0 20 40 60 80 100 Charge voltage (V) Depth of discharge (%)

Fig. 3 Low Self-discharge Fig. 4 Overcharge Characteristics

ML2032 ML2032 100 4 Discharge load:15 K 90 Discharge temperature: 20 deg. C 3 Storage temperature: 60 deg. C 80 Discharge temperature: 20 deg. C Load: 15 K Initial 2 70 voltage (V) After charged at 60 deg. C for 20 days at 3.3V* 60 1 0 100 200 300 400 500

Capacity retention ratio(%) 50 Discharge duration time (h) 0 50 100 150 200 250 Storage time (days) * equivalent to storage at 20 deg.C for 1 year

(when accelerating 20 days at 60 deg. C equivalent to 1 year at 20 deg.C) UL (Underwriters Laboratories Inc.) Recognized Components Fig. 5 High Rate Discharge Characteristics Recognized models ML2032, ML2016, ML1220

ML2032 Certification Number: MH12568 3.5 Temperature: 20 deg. C 3.0 Applications 2.5 Mobile Phones PHS 2.0 OA Machines (Fax, Copiers, Printers) Notebook PCs Voltage (V) 1.5 Desktop PCs PDAs Camcorders Digital Still Cameras Portable CD/MD Players 4mA 3mA 2mA 1mA 1.0 0 1020304050607080 Watches Medical Instruments, Cash Registers Discharge duration time (h) FA Instruments (Measuring Instruments, Onboard Microcomputers, Sensors) Electronic Meters (Water, Gas, Electricity)

40 ML Lithium Manganese Dioxide Rechargeable Battery

ML2032 (65mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k 3.5 3.5

3.0 3.0 20 deg. C 240k 2.5 2.5 100k 60 deg. C 2.0 15k 2.0 Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 30k 1.5 1.5 –20 deg. C 0 deg. C 1.0 1.0 0 1020 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 100 200 300 400 500 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge duration time (h)

Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time High Rate Discharge Characteristics

Discharge final voltage: 2V Temperature: 20 deg. C Temperature: 20 deg. C 104 3.5

3.0 103 2.5 102 2.0

101 Voltage (V) 1.5

4mA 3mA 2mA 1mA Discharge duration time (days) 100 1.0 100 101 102 0 1020304050607080 μ Discharge current ( A) Discharge duration time (h)

Over Charge Characteristics Storage Characteristics

Discharge load: 15 k Temperature: 20˚C Discharge load: 15 k Temperature: 20 deg. C 3.5 3.5

3.0 3 After charged at 3.3V for 2.5 20 days at 60 deg. C Initial 2.5 2.0 Voltage (V) Voltage (V)

2 1.5 Initial After stored for 60 days at 60 deg. C 1.0 1.5 0 100 200 300 400 500 0 100 200 300 400 500 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

ML2016 (25mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15k 3.5 3.5

3.0 3.0 20 deg. C 240k 2.5 60 deg. C 100k 2.5 2.0 15k 2.0 Voltage (V)

30k Voltage (V) 1.5 1.5 –20 deg. C 0 deg. C 1.0 1.0 0 51510 20 25 30 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge duration time (h)

Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time High Rate Discharge Characteristics

Discharge final voltage: 2V Temperature: 20 deg. C 4 10 3.5

103 3.0

2.5 102 2.0 Voltage (V) 101 1.5 4mA 3mA 2mA 1mA Discharge duration time (days) 0 10 1.0 100 101 102 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Discharge current (μA) Discharge duration time (h)

Over Charge Characteristics Storage Characteristics

Discharge load: 15 k Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k Temperature: 20 deg. C 3.5 3.5

3.0 3 After charged at 3.3V for Initial 20 days at 60 deg. C 2.5 2.5 2.0 Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 2 Initial 1.5 After stored for 60 days at 60 deg. C

1.5 1.0 0 50 100 150 200 0 2040 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

41 LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

ML1220 (18mAh)

Discharge Characteristics Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 30 k 3.5 3.5

3.0 3.0 100k 20 deg. C 2.5 2.5 60 deg. C 2.0 2.0 30k Voltage (V) Voltage (V) –20 deg. C 1.5 1.5 0 deg. C

1.0 1.0 02 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 020 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge duration time (h)

Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time High Rate Discharge Characteristics

Discharge final voltage: 2V Temperature: 20 deg. C Temperature: 20 deg. C 104 3.5

3.0 103

2.5 102 1mA 2.0

Voltage (V) 3mA 101 2mA 1.5

Discharge duration time (days) 4mA 100 1.0 1101 102 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Discharge current (μA) Discharge duration time (h)

Over Charge Characteristics Storage Characteristics

Discharge load: 30 k Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 30 k Temperature: 20 deg. C 3.5 3.5

After charged at 3.3V for 3.0 3 20 days at 60 deg. C 2.5 Initial 2.5 2.0 Voltage (V) Voltage (V) After stored for 60 days at 60 deg. C Initial 2 1.5

1.5 1.0 0 50 100 150 200250 300 0 50 100 150 200 250 Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

42 Lithium Manganese Dioxide Rechargeable Battery ML with Terminals and Wire Connectors External Dimensions (unit : mm) ML2032 T6 ML2032 T6 TUBE ML2032 T14 ML2032 T25 Insulation sleeve

4.5 4.5 0.75 ø20 ø20 0.75 ø20 10.16 ø20 20.3 4 21 4 10.16 4 4 4.1 4.1 4.8 4.8 5.1 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 (–) (+) (–) (+) 20.6 20.3 0.2 0.2 20.5 1.8 20.5 1.8 0.75 0.75 1.3 8.5 4 4 (–) (+) 4 4.5 (–) (+) 0.75 0.2 4 0.2 4 18.05 15.24

Actual appearance Actual appearance ML2032 T32 ML2032 T17 ML2032 T26 ML2032 WK

Insulation sleeve Insulation sleeve Insulation sleeve ø20 ø20 22 80

(–)

20.2 (+) 0.75 4 ø20 (+) (–) (+) (–) Hook Loop 43 4.5 (+) (–) 0.2 (+) 1.8 0.75 0.2 0.2 4.8 4 7.5 4.5 7.5 4 4 3.7 4.0 10.5 0.75 (–) 3.7 10.16 Lead wire (–) (+) (+) 0.2 25.4 (–) 4.0 Housing: HNC2-2.5S-4 (Hirose) Contact: HNC2.5S-C-B (02) (Hirose) Lead wire: AWG26 Actual appearance ML2032 WK2 ML2016 T6 ML2016 T25 ML2016 T17

Insulation sleeve

34 4.5 Insulation sleeve Insulation sleeve

(+) 0.75 ø20

20.2 (–)

65 10.16 ø20 ø20 (+)

(–) 3 44 20.3 21 4 4.5 2.9 (+) (–) (–) 2.5 3.2 1.8 0.75 0.2

8.8 0.2 4 4 4 4 4 (–) (+) 2.1 4.5 (+) 4.5 (–) (+) 0.2 10.5 0.75 20.5 1.8 0.75 0.2 Lead wire 4 18.05

Housing: ZHR-2 (JST) Contact: SZH-002T-P0.5 (JST) Lead wire: AWG26 Actual appearance

43 LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE RECHARGEABLE BATTERY External Dimensions (unit : mm) ML2016 T26 ML1220 T9ML1220 T10 ML1220 T12

Insulation sleeve Insulation sleeve ø20 Insulation sleeve Insulation sleeve ø12.5 ø12.5

(–) (+) 4 (–) (+) (+) (–)

(+) (–) 0.75 0.75 16.25

7.5 0.2 (+) (–) (+) (–) 4 2.1 3.5 4.5 3.0 3.75 3.0 0.75 2.1 2.7 10.16 3.3ø12.5 3.3 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.75 0.75 0.2 (+) 2.7 3.8 2.7 (–) 3.25 4

Actual appearance ML1220 T13 : Tin plating

Insulation sleeve : Horizontal & Through hole Type ø12.5 : Horizontal & Surface mounting Type : Vertical & Through hole Type

(+) (–) : Wire connector Type

(+) (–) 3.5 3.0

0.75 0.75 0.2

3.25 2.7

44 TITANIUM CARBON LITHIUM TCRECHARGEABLE BATTERY TC920S

TITANIUM CARBON LITHIUM RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

45 Safety Instructions This battery contains organic solvents, and other combustible materials. For this reason, improper handling of the battery could lead to distortion, leakage*, overheating, explosion, or fire, causing bodily injury or equipment trouble. Please observe the following instructions to prevent accidents. (* Leakage is defined as the unintentional escape of a liquid from a battery.)

Never allow liquid leaking from the battery to get in your eyes Handling Warnings or mouth. Never swallow. Because this liquid could cause serious damage, if it does come in Always keep the battery out of the reach of infants and young contact with your eyes, flush them immediately with plenty of water children to prevent it from being swallowed. If swallowed, consult a and consult a physician. Likewise, if the liquid gets in your mouth, physician immediately. rinse immediately with plenty of water and consult a physician.. Do not replace. Keep leaking batteries away from fire. Depending on the battery manufacturer, there might be major If leakage is suspected or you detect a strong odor, keep the battery differences in performance even among the same types or models of away from fire, because the leaked liquid could catch on fire. batteries. If you are an equipment manufacturer and need to replace Never touch the battery electrodes. the battery, please use a new one of the same type and same model Do not allow the battery electrodes to come in contact with your skin as the existing one. Because this is a rechargeable battery, its or fingers. Otherwise, the moisture from your skin could cause a characteristics are completely different from a primary battery even discharge of the battery, which could produce certain chemical though their shapes are alike. If a primary battery is installed in the substances causing you to receive a chemical burns. circuit in place of a rechargeable battery, gas could be generated or the primary battery could be short-circuited by charging. This could lead to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. Please Warnings Circuit Design design your equipment so that the end user cannot replace the Never set the charge voltage above 3.15V. battery by mistake. Charging at a higher voltage could cause the generation of gas, Never use two or more batteries connected in series or in parallel. internal short-circuiting, or other malfunctions, leading to distortion, If batteries are connected together, it is very difficult to design a leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. For details, see the circuit to observe whether or not the batteries are charged at recommended circuits in the figure below. specified voltage or current as described in "Warning -Circuit Always charge at the nominal currents shown below. Design". Large surges of current could degrade the battery’s characteristics, Never reverse the positive and negative terminals when leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. To mounting. avoid excessive current at the initiation of charging, make sure to Improper mounting of the battery could lead to equipment trouble or attach a protective resistor for current control. See the short-circuiting. This could cause distortion, leakage, overheating, recommended circuits below. explosion, or fire. Table 1 Nominal Charge Current by Model Never short-circuit the battery. Do not allow the positive and negative terminals to short-circuit. Model TC920S Never carry or store the battery with metal objects such as a Charge Current 5mA or lower necklace or a hairpin. Do not take multiple batteries out of the Recommended Circuits package and pile or mix them when storing. Please be careful when Please refer to the representative basic circuits shown below. If you installing the battery not to short-circuit it with metal portions of the have any questions about circuit design, please feel free to contact equipment. Otherwise this could lead to distortion, leakage, Maxell. overheating, explosion, or fire. (A) Main power source of 1.6 to 3.15V (B) Other main power source Never heat. + + Voltage Heating the battery to more than 100 deg. C could increase the D Regulator D R GND R 1.6 to 3.15V internal pressure, causing distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, Load Load (1.6 to 3.15V) To 16V (1.6 to 3.15V) or fire. TC TC – – Never expose to open flames. D: Diode; R: Resistor D: Diode; R: Resistor Exposing to flames could cause the battery to catch on fire and (How to select a protective resistor for the current control) explode. The maximum charge Table 2 Example of resistor Never disassemble the battery. current flows in the battery Charge voltage* Do not disassemble the battery, because the separator or gasket when charged at an end Model 1.8V 2.5V could be damaged, leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, voltage of 1.0V. Therefore TC920S >160 ohm >300 ohm explosion, or fire. the value of the resistor is Never weld the terminals or weld a wire to the body of the calculated using this equation: battery directly. (R) => ((Charge voltage* –1) / (Nominal Charge Current) The heat of welding or soldering could cause the lithium to melt, or * Charge voltage (A): Voltage of main power source cause damage to the insulating material in the battery, leading to (B): Output voltage of regulator possible distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. When soldering the battery directly to equipment, solder only the tabs or For example, the S-812C series, which has a maximum input voltage leads. Even then, the temperature of the soldering iron must be of 18V, or the S-817 series with a maximum input voltage of 10V below 350 deg. C and the soldering time less than 5 seconds. Do (Seiko Instruments Inc.) can be used as a voltage regulator. not use a soldering bath, because the circuit board with battery attached could stop moving or the battery could drop into the bath. Moreover do not use excessive solder, because the solder could flow to unwanted portions of the board, leading to a short-circuit or charging of the battery. 46 TC Titanium Carbon Lithium Rechargeable Battery

Never expose the battery to ultrasonic sound. Warnings Disposal Exposing the battery to ultrasonic sound may cause The battery may be Do not pile up or mix short-circuiting because the inside material is broken into Tape regulated by national or batteries. pieces, leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, local regulation. Please explosion, or fire. follow the instructions of – Never subject the battery to severe shock. proper regulation. As Dropping, throwing or stomping on the battery may cause Enlarged view + electric capacity is left in a distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. Electric current flows. Battery discarded battery and it Never use or leave the battery in a hot place such as comes into contact with (Example of under the direct rays of the sun or in a car in hot other metals, it could lead battery insulation) weather. to distortion, leakage, These batteries generate heat. If you do, this may cause distortion, leakage, overheating, overheating, or explosion, so make sure to cover the (+) and (-) explosion, or fire. terminals with friction tape or some other insulator before disposal. Never allow the battery to come in contact with water. If it does, this may cause the battery to rust or lead to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. Caution Handling/Storage Never store the battery in a hot and highly humid Use within the rated temperature range (-20 to 60 deg. C). environment. Otherwise the battery’s charge and discharge characteristics Doing so may cause the performance of the battery to may be reduced. deteriorate. In certain environments, this may lead to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire.

Overview The button-type titanium carbon lithium ion rechargeable battery is a small rechargeable battery developed as a backup power source for real-time clocks and SRAM like digital cameras and mobile phones. It provides fully 10 times the capacity of a capacitor of the same size.

Products

Model TC 920S

Nominal Voltage (V) 1.5 Nominal Capacity (mAh)* 3.5 Nominal Discharge Current (μA) 100 Charge/Discharge Cycle 500 Operating Temperature Range (deg. C) -20 to +60 Diameter(mm) 9.5 Dimensions Height(mm) 2.05 Weight (g)* 0.43 * Nominal capacity indicates duration until the voltage drops down to 1.0V when discharged at a nominal discharge current at 20 deg. C. • Data and dimensions are just reference values. For further details, please contact your nearest Maxell dealer or distributor.

Construction Principle and Reactions The button-type titanium carbon lithium ion rechargeable Negative Cap battery uses lithium titanium oxide as the positive material, carbon as the negative material, and organic electrolyte. Negative Electrode Gasket Charge/Discharge Reactions Positive Electrode Positive Can Charge LixTiyO4+LizC6 Lix+TiyO4+Liz-C 6

Separator Discharge

47 TITANIUM CARBON LITHIUM RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

Features Approx. 1.5V operating voltage Excellent overcharge characteristics The operating voltage is about 1 to 1.5V the same as the A special formulated organic electrolyte is employed to SR, LR battery. provide stable discharge characteristics even if charged for Wide range charging voltage (Fig. 1) 10 years at 3.15V at 20 deg. C. (under accelerated test Charging voltage is 1.6 to 3.15V. conditions conducted by Maxell) Excellent cycle performance (Fig. 2) Superior leakage resistance 500 charge/discharge cycles is archived because by Leakage resistance can withstand over 1,200 heat shock utilizing lithium ion. cycles between 60 deg. C and-10 deg. C. Wide temperature characteristics (Fig. 3) Usable in a wide temperature range of-20 to 60 deg. C.

FIg. 1 Charge Property Fig. 2 Charge/Discharge Cycle Performance

100 4.5

80 4.0 3.5 20 deg. C 60 Recommended area 3.0 1.6V—3.15V Charge voltage: 2.4V 40 Protective resistor: 300 2.5 Charge time: 6hr Prohibited area 20 2.0 Discharge load: 1k Recoverable ratio (%) FV=1.0V Discharge time: 6hr Discharge capacity (mAh) 0 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 0100 200 300 400 500 Charge voltage (V) Charge/discharge cycle (Numbers)

Fig. 3 Temperature Characteristics Applications 2.5 Mobile Phones PHS Discharge load: 15k 2.0 Camcorders Digital Still Cameras 1.5 Portable CD/MD Players 20 deg. C Watches 1.0 Voltage (V) 0.5 –20 deg. C

0 01.02.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 Discharge capacity (mAh)

48 TC Titanium Carbon Lithium Rechargeable Battery

TC920S (3.5mAh)

Charge/Discharge Curves Temperature Characteristics

Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15k 2.5 2.5

2.0 2.0 Charge Charge voltage: 2.4V 1.5 Protective resistor: 300 1.5 Charge time: 24 hrs 20 deg. C

1.0 1.0

Voltage (V) Discharge Voltage (V) –20 deg. C 0.5 Discharge load: 15k 0.5 Final voltage: 0.5V 0 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge capacity (mAh)

Over Charge Characteristics Overdischarge Characteristics

Discharge load: 15k Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15k Temperature: 20 deg. C 2.5 2.5

2.0 2.0

1.5 1.5 Initial Initial 1.0 1.0 Voltage (V) Voltage (V) 0.5 0.5 After charged at 2.4V for 80 days at 60 deg. C After discharged at 0V for 80 days at 60 deg. C 0 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge capacity (mAh)

49 ISO 14001

EMS Accreditation RE 009

Factories producing these products conform to the ISO 14001 standards.

ISO14001 ISO14001 Hitachi Maxell, Ltd., Osaka-Ono Site Hitachi Maxell, Ltd., Kyoto Site Certificate Number: EC97J1166 Certificate Number: EC97J1188 Certificate Expiry: 25/Dec/2008 Certificate Expiry: 22/Feb/2010 Registration Date: 26/Jan/1998 Registration Date: 23/Feb/1998 Issue Date: 26/Dec/2005 Issue Date: 23/Feb/2007

ISO9001

QS Accreditation R009

ISO9001 ISO9001 Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Energy Solution Business Group Rechargeable Battery Division Primary Battery Division Certificate Number: JQA-3029 Certificate Number : JQA-0986 Registration Date: January 29, 1999 JQA-0986 Registration Date: September 29, 1995 JQA-3029 Last Renewal Date: December 27, 2005 Last Renewal Date: December 19, 2006 Expiry Date: December 26, 2008 Expiry Date: December 18, 2009 Scope of Registration: The design/development Scope of Registration: The design/development and the manufacture of cylindrical alkaline battery, silver and manufacture of lithium ion rechargeable battery. oxide battery, alkaline button battery, manganese dioxide lithium battery (coin type and cylindrical type), thionyl chloride lithium battery, manganese dioxide lithium rechargeable battery and titanium carbon lithium ion rechargeable battery.

ISO/TS 16949

ISO/TS16949 Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Energy Solution Business Group Primary Battery Division, Ono Works Certificate Number : JQA-AU0078 JQA-AU0078 Registration Date: January 7, 2005 Last Renewal Date: January 7, 2008 Expiry Date: January 6, 2011 Scope of Registration: The design/development and manufacture of manganese dioxide lithium battery (coin type) for automobile use.

50 Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. 2-18-2, Iidabashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8521 Japan Tel: (+81) 3-3515-8249 Fax: (+81) 3-3515-8305 Visit our website at: www.maxell.com NORTH AMERICA / SOUTH AMERICA Maxell Corporation of America Maxell Latin America Main Office: Plaza Btesh - Calle 50, Panama City, 22-08, Route 208 Fair Lawn, NJ Panama 07410, U.S.A. Tel: (+507) 269-6737 Tel: (+1) 201-794-5900 Fax: (+507) 263-4413 Fax: (+1) 201-796-8790 E-mail: [email protected] Canada Branch: 50 Locke Street, Unit #2, Concord, Ontario L4K 5R4, Canada Tel: (+1) 905-669-8107 Fax: (+1) 905-669-8108 E-mail: [email protected]

EUROPE Maxell Europe Ltd. Maxell Deutschland GmbH Maxell Italia S.p.A. European Headquarters: Mollsfeld 2, 40670 Meerbusch, Via Dante 2, 21100 Varese, Italy Multimedia House, High Street, Germany Tel: (+39) 0332-240-934 Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire, Tel: (+49) 2159-913-0 Fax: (+39) 0332-240-950 WD3 1HR, United Kingdom Fax: (+49) 2159-913-150 E-mail: [email protected] Tel: (+44) 1923 33 1000 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (+44) 1923 33 1010 Maxell Hungary Kft. E-mail: [email protected] Maxell (France) S.A. H-1097 Budapest, Mariassy utca 7, UK Sales Office: BP 97091 Saint Ouen L'Aumone, Hungary Multimedia House, High Street, 95 052 Cergy-Pontoise Cedex, France Tel: (+36) 1 464 3800 Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire, Tel: (+33) 1 34 24 88 11 Fax: (+36) 1 464 3801 WD3 1HR, United Kingdom Fax: (+33) 1 30 73 56 77 E-mail: [email protected] Tel: (+44) 1923 49 4400 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (+44) 1923 49 4410 E-mail: [email protected]

ASIA Maxell Asia, Ltd. Maxell (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd. Maxell Taiwan, Ltd. Main Office: Main Office: 14F, No.111, Sung Chiang Road, 506, World Commerce Centre, PLAZA 336, Room No.1801, 18th Floor, Taipei, Taiwan Harbour City, Phase 1, No.336, Xi Zang Middle Road, Huang Pu Tel: (+886) 2-2516-5553 Canton Road, Kowloon, District, Shanghai 200001, China Fax: (+886) 2-2516-4804 Hong Kong Tel: (+86) 21-3330-3377 E-mail: [email protected] Tel: (+852) 2730 9243 Fax: (+86) 21-3330-4001 Fax: (+852) 2735 6250 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Beijing Office Maxell Asia (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Vietnam Office: Room 905, C Wantong Tower, No.6 Main Office: Suite 15, Mezzanine Floor, Chaowai Road, Chaoyang District 100020, 10 Anson Road, #25-06, Sun Wah Tower, 115 Nguyen Hue Beijing, China International Plaza, Singapore 079903 Boulevard, District 1, Tel: (+86) 10-5907-0016 Tel: (+65) 6220-9291 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Fax: (+86) 10-5907-0017 Fax: (+65) 6220-6070 Tel: (+84) 8-821-9183 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (+84) 8-821-9181 E-mail: [email protected] Chennai Office: DBS Office Business Center, 31A, Cathedral Garden Road, Near Palmgrove Hotel, Chennai-600 034, Tamil Nadu, India Tel: (+91) 44-5264-9495 Fax: (+91) 44-5264-9495 E-mail: [email protected]

Catalog contents accurate as of September, 2008. Data and dimensions are just reference values. Contents on this catalog are subject to change without notice. Committed to the highest quality assurance management standards as well as responsibility to the environment, Maxell's Batteries production facilities are accredited with both ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certifications.