LAND ACQUISITION for SABARI RAIL - Perumbavoor Division - from KUNNATHUNADU TALUK of ERNAKULAM DISTRICT
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SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FINAL REPORT LAND ACQUISITION FOR SABARI RAIL - Perumbavoor Division - FROM KUNNATHUNADU TALUK OF ERNAKULAM DISTRICT Don Bosco Arts & Science College Angadikadavu, Iritty, Kannur – 670 706 Phone: (0490) 2426014; Mob: 9961200787 Email: [email protected] SIA Unit 9495903108 March 2019 i CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1 Introduction - Project and Public Purpose 01 1.2 Location 02 1.3 Size and Attributes of Land Acquisition 02 1.4 Alternatives Considered 03 1.5 Social Impacts 03 1.6. Mitigation Measures 04 1.7. Rehabilitation and Resettlement Measures 06 CHAPTER 2 - DETAILED PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1. Background of the Project 08 2.2. Project Objectives 09 2.3. Rationale for the Project 09 2.4 Project Location 10 2.5 Project Cost 11 2.6 Project design 11 2.7 Phases of the Project 11 2.8 Project Alternatives 12 2.9 Environmental Concern 12 2.10 Legal Framework 12 2.11 Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 14 CHAPTER 3 – TEAM COMPOSITION, APPROACH, METHODOLOGY AND SCHEDULE 3.1 Introduction 15 3.2 SIA Team 15 3.3 Approach to Study 15 3.4 Methodology and Data Collection 16 3.5 Approach and Design for SIA 18 3.6 Source of Data 19 3.7 Socio Economic Survey 19 3.8 Key Informants (Stakeholders) 20 3.9 Compilation and Verification of Data 21 3.10 Data Analysis and Report Writing 21 3.11 Day wise Calendar 21 3.12 Summary of the Public Hearing 22 SIA: Sabari Rail (Kunnathunadu Taluk) – Report by Don Bosco Arts and Science College, Kannur ii CHAPTER 4 - LAND ASSESSMENT 4.1 Area of impact 32 4.2 Land Requirement for the Project 33 4.3 Use of Public Land 33 4.4 Land Already Purchased 33 4.5 Quantity of Land Proposed to be Acquired 33 4.5.1 Land Details According to Villages 33 4.5.2 Type of Land Affected by the Acquisition 34 4.5.3 Land Acquisition - Structures Affected 34 4.5.4 Number of Families/Households/Units Affected 35 4.6 Extent of land Affected 35 4.7 Quantity and Location of Land Proposed to be acquired for the Project 36 4.8 Snapshots 37 4.9 Inventory 38 a) Asamanur 38 b) Vengur West 52 c) Rayamangalam 61 d) Perumbavoor 61 e) Chelamattom 74 f) Koovappadi 83 CHAPTER 5 - ESTIMATION AND ENUMERATION 5.1 Number of Properties Affected 88 5.2 Ownership of the Land 88 5.3 Type of Land 89 5.4 Patta for the Land 89 5.5 Current Use of the Affected Property 90 5.6 Accessibility to the Land 90 5.7 Transaction during the Last Three Years 91 5.8 Bank Loans Status 91 5.9 Usability of the Remaining Land 91 5.10 Water Sources Affected 92 5.11 Types of Houses Affected 92 5.12 Vulnerable Groups Affected 93 5.13 Indirectly Impacted by the Project 93 5.14 Inventory of Agricultural Assets 94 CHAPTER 6 – SOCIO ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL PROFILE 6.1 Demographic Details 95 6.2 Total Population Affected 96 6.3 Marital Status & Job Status 96 6.4 Type of Families 97 6.5 Age of the Affected 97 SIA: Sabari Rail (Kunnathunadu Taluk) – Report by Don Bosco Arts and Science College, Kannur iii 6.6 Gender of the Affected 97 6.7 Education of the Affected 98 6.8 Religion 98 6.9 Social Group 98 6.10 Working Population and Type of Employment 99 6.11 Monthly Income of the household 99 6.12 Vulnerable Group 100 6.13 Ration Card Details 100 6.14 Land Use and Livelihood 101 6.15 Health Conditions: People with Chronic diseases 101 CHAPTER 7 - PLANNING OF COUNTER – IMPACT IMPLEMENTATION 7.1 Approaches to Impact Mitigation 103 7.2 Methods for Negation, Mitigation and Compensation of the Impact 103 7.3 Measures Included in Rehabilitation and Resettlement 103 7.4 Measures Requiring Body Has Stated to Introduce to the Project Proposal 104 7.5 Alterations to Project Design to Reduce the Social Impact 104 7.6 Impact Mitigation/Management Plan 104 7.7 Economic Measures 106 7.8 Environmental Measures 106 7.9 Rehabilitation and Resettlement Measures 106 7.10 Other measures 106 7.11 Impact on the Village Life 107 7.12 Negative Impacts 108 7.13 Positive Impact 108 7.13.1 Increase in Pilgrims 108 7.13.2 Better Transportation Facilities 108 7.13.3 Allied Economic Activities 108 7.13.4 Convenience for Youngsters and Students 109 7.13.5 Employment Opportunities 109 7.13.6 Initiation of Small Scale Industries and Start-ups 109 CHAPTER 8 –SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 8.1 Institutional Structures and Key Persons 110 CHAPTER 9 - CHAPTER 9 SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN MONITORING AND EVALUATION 112 CHAPTER 10 – SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCING OF MITIGATION PLAN 114 SIA: Sabari Rail (Kunnathunadu Taluk) – Report by Don Bosco Arts and Science College, Kannur iv CHAPTER 11– SIA: STAKEHOLDER VIEWS AND OPINIONS 115 11.1 Impact on Environment 115 11.2 Impact on Community life 115 11.3 Impact on the Economy of the Area 116 11.4 Benefit to Youth 116 11.5 Impact on the Development of the Area 117 11.6 Major Impact of the Project 117 11.7 Opinion about Benefits 118 11.8 Opinion about Defects 118 11.9 Village Wise Overall Opinion about the Project 119 11.10 Suggestions for Mitigation of Impact 120 11.11 Main Suggestions and Feedback of the Respondents 121 CHAPTER 12 - ANALYSIS OF COSTS AND BENEFITS AND RECOMMENDATION ON ACQUISITION 12.1 Benefits 122 12.2 Challenges 122 12.3 Recommendations 123 Annexures 01 Government Orders 124 02 SIA Team 134 03 Interview Schedule: Key Informants 135 04 List of Key Informants 136 05 Tool for Data Collection 137 06 Register of Participants – Public Hearings 141 SIA: Sabari Rail (Kunnathunadu Taluk) – Report by Don Bosco Arts and Science College, Kannur v List of Tables Table No. Title Pg. Nos. 1.1 Type of Land 02 1.2 Analysis of the possible social impacts 03 1.3 Positive Impacts 05 1.4 Opinions of the Affected 06 3.1 Schedule of Activities 21 4.1 Area of Impact 32 4.2 Land Area Requirement 33 4.3 Affected Area of Land 34 4.4 Type of Land 34 4.5 Details of Structures Affected 35 4.6 Types of Families 35 4.7 Extent of Land Holdings Affected 35 4.8 Quantity and Location of Landholdings 36 5.1 Details of land and landholdings affected 88 5.2 Type of Land Ownership 89 5.3 Type of Land 89 5.4 Current Use of the Land 90 5.5 Accessibility to the Property 90 5.6 Transactions within 3 years 91 5.7 Availing Loan 91 5.8 Usability of the Remaining Land 91 5.7 Availing Loan 91 5.8 Usability of the Remaining Land 91 5.9 Affected water sources 92 5.10 Types of Houses Affected 92 5.11 Vulnerable groups 93 5.12 Inventory of Agricultural Assets 94 SIA: Sabari Rail (Kunnathunadu Taluk) – Report by Don Bosco Arts and Science College, Kannur vi 6.1 Marital Status & Job Status 96 6.2 Types of Families 97 6.3 Age Range of the Affected 97 6.4 Gender Distribution 97 6.5 Literacy Level 98 6.6 Religion 98 6.7 Caste Details 98 6.8 Type of Employment 99 6.9 Monthly Income of the Household 99 6.10 Vulnerable groups 100 6.11 Ration Card Details 101 6.12 Chronic Diseases 101 7.1 Impact Mitigation and Management plan 105 7.2 Negative Impact 108 7.3 Positive Impact 109 11.1 Negative Impact on Environment 115 11.2 Impact on Community Life 116 11.3 Impact on the Economy of the Area 116 11.4 Benefits to Youth 116 11.5 Impact on the Development of the Area 117 11.6 Major Impact of the Project 117 11.7 Benefits through the Project 118 11.8 Defects of the Project 119 11.9 Overall Opinions of the Affected about the Project 119 11.10 Suggestions for Mitigation 120 SIA: Sabari Rail (Kunnathunadu Taluk) – Report by Don Bosco Arts and Science College, Kannur 1 CHAPTER 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1 Introduction - Project and Public Purpose The basic goal of the SABARI RAILWAY PROJECT has been to build a Railway Line from Angamali Railway Station in Ernakulam District to Erumeli in Kottayam District. The firsthand beneficiaries of the project are the Lord Ayyappa Pilgrims who visit the Sabarimala Temple during the 40-day austerity period. The average annual number of devotees is 5 crores. The number of road transport services undertaken to Sabarimala during 1985–86 stood at 70,043. This number increased to 1,02,718 in 1990-91, further rose to 1,32,721 in 1994–95 and still further went up to 2,65,172 in 2002–03. And these are excluding the hundreds of services operated by the KSRTC. In the years thereafter, though the number of services has increased manifold, the problems of the pilgrims remain unsolved. The main deficiency is in the transportation facilities. It is to overcome this hurdle that the Sabari Railway has been jointly envisaged by the Central and the State Governments. At the same time the Project would facilitate tourist centres in and around the pilgrimage destination. The 111 km railroad between Angamali and Erumeli provides many other benefits too. With the Project, Idukki District is going to have rail way connectivity with two railway stations for the first time.