DYNASTIC HISTORY 31 DYNASTIC HISTORY a Fundamental Problem for the Historical Study of the Amarāvatī Stūpa Is the Uncertainty

DYNASTIC HISTORY 31 CHAPTER ONE DYNASTIC HISTORY A fundamental problem for the historical study of the Amarāvatī stūpa is the uncertainty of its chronological framework. One important reason for this problem is that the Amarāvatī inscriptions do not record any dates, but include inscriptions that mention the names of two Sātavāhana kings. Former studies have thus argued eagerly over the chronology of this dy- nasty in order to fix the date of the stūpa, although they have reached little agreement. Moreover, concentrating as it does on the Sātavāhanas, this debate has largely ignored other political formations in this region. The environmental setting of the Amarāvatī region, which may have crucially affected the way of life of pre-modern society, also went unnoticed. To compensate for these deficiencies, this chapter will firstly examine the geographical setting of the coastal Andhra region in south-eastern Deccan, especially the lower Krishna valley that includes Amarāvatī. Secondly, I will examine the broad political history of this region by com- bining the latest archaeological, numismatic and epigraphic surveys. Finally, I will suggest a reasonable dating for the dynastic sequence to establish a chronological framework. I. The Pre-Historic and Geographical Setting 1. The Lower Krishna Valley The lower Krishna valley, the main geographical area of this study, is lo- cated on the southern side of coastal Andhra. Its modern administrative divisions mainly cover the Guntur, Krishna and Nalgonda districts. The valley is distinguished by two basic geographical features: (1) the Krishna river running from west to east; (2) the Eastern Ghāts Mountains (Nallamalai range) extending from south to north along the coast (Map 2). The Krishna, originating in the Western Ghāts Mountains and running across the Deccan, creates fertile deltas in the coastal area before discharging into the Bay of Bengal. The Eastern Ghāts, on the other hand, serve as a geographical bar- rier dividing the coastal plain and the Deccan plateau. 32 CHAPTER ONE Map 2. Contours of the lower Krishna valley and surroundings..

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UA MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT STUDY GROUP Jagdish M. Bhagwati Nazli Choucri Wayne A. Cornelius John R. Harris Michael J. Piore Rosemarie S. Rogers Myron Weiner a ........ .................. ..... .......... C/77-5 INTERNAL MIGRATION POLICIES IN AN INDIAN STATE: A CASE STUDY OF THE MULKI RULES IN HYDERABAD AND ANDHRA K.V. Narayana Rao Migration and Development Study Group Center for International Studies Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 August 1977 Preface by Myron Weiner This study by Dr. K.V. Narayana Rao, a political scientist and Deputy Director of the National Institute of Community Development in Hyderabad who has specialized in the study of Andhra Pradesh politics, examines one of the earliest and most enduring attempts by a state government in India to influence the patterns of internal migration. The policy of intervention began in 1868 when the traditional ruler of Hyderabad State initiated steps to ensure that local people (or as they are called in Urdu, mulkis) would be given preferences in employment in the administrative services, a policy that continues, in a more complex form, to the present day. A high rate of population growth for the past two decades, a rapid expansion in education, and a low rate of industrial growth have combined to create a major problem of scarce employment opportunities in Andhra Pradesh as in most of India and, indeed, in many countries in the third world. It is not surprising therefore that there should be political pressures for controlling the labor market by those social classes in the urban areas that are best equipped to exercise political power.
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Polavaram: a Disaster in the Making and a Coastal Andhra Sin
Polavaram: A Disaster in the Making and a Coastal Andhra Sin By Gautam Pingle - HYDERABAD Published: 10th February 2014 09:36 AM http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/Polavaram-A-Disaster- in-the-Making--a-Coastal-Andhra- Sin/2014/02/10/article2048570.ece#.UvhTJfuHPgE THE AP State Reorganisation Bill2013, as approved by the Union cabinet on February 7, has given the Polavaram irrigation project an orange (not green) light. It gives 397 inundation villages in Bhadrachalam and Palvancha divisions in Khammam district to Seemandhra. It also says the future Telangana government is “deemed to consent” to Polavaram _ a measure the Supreme Court will strike down. Polavaram is supposed to irrigate huge acreage, stabilise the Godavari Delta for the second and third crops and divert Godavari water to further stabilise the Krishna Delta for three crops. It also hopes to provide drinking and irrigation water to north coastal Andhra. The reservoir will inundate 397 tribal villages and flood thousands of acres of valuable forest land. Nearly 2.5 lakh tribal people will be displaced from their homes in Bhadrachalam alone. It will create a problem five times bigger than the Narmada Sagar dam where only 60,000 tribal people were displaced. Chhattisgarh and Odisha have moved the Supreme Court against the project and tribal displacement. The Union ministry of environment and forests, on February 8, 2011, directed the state not to start construction and to reduce the dam’s height to minimise inundation. But the Seemandhra’s contention is that reducing the height of the dam will prevent diversion of Godavari water to the Krishna Delta.
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Pattern of Development in India - a Study of Andhra Pradesh
Pattern of Development in India - A Study of Andhra Pradesh SER Division Planning Commission Government of India Main Findings of the Study Andhra Pradesh was formed on 1st November 1956. It comprises of Coastal Andhra, Rayalaseema and Telangana regions. Each region has its own distinct characteristics. It is the fifth largest state in terms of the area in our country. There is significant improvement in literacy level of the rural population during 1990's. But the employment opportunities have not improved. As a result, there is huge stock of educated unemployed constituting both male and female in rural areas of Andhra Pradesh. Although, the state has achieved remarkable progress in establishing schools, Junior Colleges and Degree colleges during 1980-81 and 2000-01, most of them were in private sector. The number of high schools increased from 4106 to 10,359, Junior Colleges 398 to 2449, Degree Colleges 450 to 1157 during the same time. There is marketisation of education in Andhra Pradesh in recent years. Only the elite class children could reap the benefits of private education. 113 The economy of the state is basically agrarian in character. The percentage of irrigated area is very low i.e., below 40 percent. The plan allocations by the state Government for irrigation had been declining from plan to plan. Though the state is well endowed with natural resources and minerals, it is lagging behind other states in the country with regard to per capital income, literacy level and other parameters. There is no significant improvement in the number of hospitals/ dispensaries available in the state during 1980-81 and 2000-01.
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Pomegranate Culture in Deccan Plateau of India
® Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Science and Biotechnology ©2010 Global Science Books Pomegranate Culture in Deccan Plateau of India Ram Chandra* • Deodas Tarachand Meshram National Research Centre on Pomegranate, NH-9 By-pass Road, Shelgi, Solapur 413 006, Maharashtra, India Corresponding author : * [email protected] ABSTRACT The Deccan Plateau is a large plateau in India, making up the majority of the southern part of the country, ranging in elevation from 100 m in the north to 1000 m in the south. The main pomegranate producing areas are distributed between 300 and 950 m above mean sea level in hot arid and semi-arid regions having tropical and subtropical climate. Interestingly, the major production of pomegranate in India is from Deccan Plateau, especially from Maharashtra followed by Karnataka. The agro-climatic condition of Deccan Plateau is congenial for staggering of pomegranate production throughout the year. Maharashtra contributes about 84% in area and 75% in production of pomegranate in Deccan Plateau. Mainly three flowering seasons viz. winter (January-February flowering), rainy season (June-July flowering) and autumn season (September-October flowering) are promoted for fruit production in this plateau. In the present paper, information pertaining to Deccan Plateau and its climatic and soil conditions and existing cultivation practices of pomegranate has been envisaged. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Keywords: climatic conditions of Deccan
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A Study of Electrocardiography and Kidney Function Test in Newlydiagnosed Hypertensive Patients in Coastal Andhra Pradesh
Jebmh.com Original Research Article A STUDY OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY AND KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST IN NEWLY- DIAGNOSED HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN COASTAL ANDHRA PRADESH Ramswaroop Jawaharlal 1, Sneha K2 1Associate Professor, Department of General Medicine, Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences, Andhra Pradesh. 2Postgraduate Student, Department of General Medicine, Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences, Andhra Pradesh. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND As per the fact sheet published by World Health Organisation, South East Asia, nearly one billion people have high blood pressure and are one of the most common causes of premature death worldwide. About one third of the adult population in the South East Asia region is having hypertension. In our country, the number of people with hypertension are undiagnosed and untreated, so early detection and treatment of hypertension will decrease the complication of hypertension and premature death due to it. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a prospective study conducted in the Department of General Medicine, Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences, Amalapuram, from May 2015 to August 2017. This study was started with an aim to know that electrocardiographic abnormalities and kidney function at the time of diagnosis of hypertension in a patient in coastal Andhra Pradesh. RESULTS We have found ECG changes in both the stages of hypertensive group patients. In stage-1 hypertensive group patients, out of 80 patients, 6 patients having sinus tachycardia, 2 having sinus bradycardia, 4 patients having left bundle-branch block and 6 having right bundle-branch block. ST elevation was found in 1 patient and ST depression was found in 8 patients. AV block was present in 2 patients.
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Andhra Pradesh Is Strategically Located in the Indian Sub Continent
Chapter - 1 1.0 Introduction: The State of Andhra Pradesh is strategically located in the Indian sub continent. It has the second largest coast line in the country with a length of 974 Km. Andhra Pradesh is increasingly being recognized, as the hub of industrial activity in South India. It is the third largest state in the country with an area of 276754 sq kms, and a population of 76 million. Andhra Pradesh is bordered on the south by Tamil Nadu, on the west by Karnataka, on the north and northwest by Maharashtra, on the northeast by Madhya Pradesh and Orissa states, and on the east by the Bay of Bengal. The northern area of Andhra Pradesh is mountainous. The highest peak Mahendragiri rises 1500 m above the sea level. The climate is generally hot and humid. Annual rainfall is 940 M.M. The Forests cover 23% of the area. Geographic Profile Districts (23) Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna, Guntur, Prakasam, Nellore, Chittoor, Ananthapur, Kadapa, Kurnool, Mahabubnagar, Ranga Reddy, Medak, Nizamabad, Karimanagar, , Adilabad, Warangal, Khammam, Nalgonda and Hyderabad Major cities Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Tirupathi, Warangal, Guntur, Kakinada, Nellore and Kurnool Coastline length 974 Kms Major Rivers Krishna, Godavari, Thungabadra Climate Maximum Temperature 44.8 �C during summers. Minimum Temperature 11.3 �C during winters. Annual Rainfall 940 mm (Average) 1.1 : Drainage Systems and River Basins of the State: & 1.2 The State is divided into three physical regions based on the topography (Coastal Plains, Peninsular Plateau and Eastern ghats). The general slope changes from west to east and south-west to north-east.
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Land and Income Inequalities in Rural Andhra Pradesh
The Marxist, XXVIII 2, April–June 2012 C. SAMBI REDDY, K. JOJAIAH, N. VENUGOPALA RAO, I. NARASAIAH Land and Income Inequalities in Rural Andhra Pradesh INTRODUCTION This article presents the results of village surveys conducted in Andhra Pradesh in 2008-09 and deals with unequal distribution of land among different socio economic groups and among different castes. Further, it deals with the sources of income and inequality in distribution of income among such groups. The survey was conducted in 88 villages spread over all the 22 rural districts covering 21657 households in the state. In each village a census type survey of households was first conducted and then, the households were divided into different groups like agricultural workers, farmers, households engaged in traditional occupations etc., basing on main source of income. Then, in order to collect detailed data on employment and incomes a second round sample survey of 10 percent households randomly selected was conducted in all the villages. For example, from an agricultural worker’s household, data was collected pertaining to the types of work they were employed in, number of days of work in a year for each type of work, the wage rates for each type of work, number of days of non- agricultural work and it’s wage rates, detailed Land and Income Inequalities in Rural Andhra Pradesh information regarding income from cultivation on own and rented land and income from leased out land etc. Similar exercise was done for the remaining groups also. In the case of cultivators, data was collected regarding the number of acres sown, crops raised, output obtained and the rates at which the produce was marketed for calculating their income from cultivation (Family labour was not accounted for) Andhra Pradesh is primarily an agricultural state in which 70 percent of its population is living in rural areas.
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Demographic Profile of Coastal Andhra Pradesh, India
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 10, Issue 11, November-2019 521 ISSN 2229-5518 Demographic Profile of Coastal Andhra Pradesh, India Shreya Ojha Abstract This paper deals with various indicators of demographics of a region confined to the coastal region of the state Andhra Pradesh, India. It gives an idea about the population of the area, its population density, decadal growth rate, urbanization rate, size of households, the gender make-up of the region and the literacy rate. This helps us in having a clear idea about the region regarding its developmental level and the level up to which the policies, schemes and agendas of the government are reaching the last human standing and its impacts on the population. Etching out a demographic profile of this region is of significance as this it has recently been carved out from a much greater region to which it belonged before- The state of Andhra Pradesh (which included Telangana), India. The data is represented in the form of Location Quotient and statistical techniques have been used to compute it. The maps are created, using the ArcGIS Software 10.5. Keywords Demography, demographic profile, regional development, sex ratio, literacy rate, statistical techniques, ArcGIS Software 10.5,India, Coastal Andhra Pradesh. INTRODUCTION Demography Andhra Pradesh is a state of India which is located in south-east. Coastal Andhra Pradesh has an area of 95,442 square kilometers Demography, etymologically refers to the study of population. It (36,850 sq. mi) which is 57.99% of the total state area and a comprises of a plethora of socio-economic indicators which population of 34,193,868 which is 69.20% of Andhra Pradesh state include population size, population density, number of population.
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A Regional Assessment of the Potential for Co2 Storage in the Indian Subcontinent
A REGIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THE POTENTIAL FOR CO2 STORAGE IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT Technical Study Report No. 2008/2 May 2008 This document has been prepared for the Executive Committee of the IEA GHG Programme. It is not a publication of the Operating Agent, International Energy Agency or its Secretariat. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The International Energy Agency (IEA) was established in 1974 within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to implement an international energy programme. The IEA fosters co-operation amongst its 26 member countries and the European Commission, and with the other countries, in order to increase energy security by improved efficiency of energy use, development of alternative energy sources and research, development and demonstration on matters of energy supply and use. This is achieved through a series of collaborative activities, organised under more than 40 Implementing Agreements. These agreements cover more than 200 individual items of research, development and demonstration. The IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme is one of these Implementing Agreements. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND CITATIONS This report was prepared as an account of the work sponsored by the IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme. The views and opinions of the authors expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme, its members, the International Energy Agency, the organisations listed below, nor any employee or persons acting on behalf of any of them. In addition, none of these make any warranty, express or implied, assumes any liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product of process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights, including any parties intellectual property rights.
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E I A/EMP for Development Drilling of 40 Wells in KG Basin, A.P
Environmental Impact Assessment Report On Development Drilling of 40 wells in KG Basin in East Godavari, West Godavari and Krishna districts of A.P. Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (A Govt. of India Enterprise), Rajahmundry Asset Rajahmundry-533106 Corporate Health Safety and Environment Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. (ONGC) 8th Floor, SCOPE Minar, South Tower, Laxmi Nagar, Delhi-110092 2014 Environmental Impact Assessment Report On Development Drilling of 40 wells in KG Basin in East Godavari, West Godavari and Krishna districts of A.P. 2014 Authors Dr. J. S. Sharma GM (Chem)- Head Environment, CHSE V.R.K.S. Sarma DGM (Chem)-Head Asset HSE V.K. Sharma AEE (Environment)- Asset HSE Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (A Govt. of India Enterprise), Rajahmundry Asset Rajahmundry-533106 Corporate Health Safety and Environment Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. (ONGC) 8th Floor, SCOPE Minar, South Tower, Laxmi Nagar, Delhi-110092 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The publication of this document was made possible with the constant encouragement, continual support and guidance of Shri N.K. Verma, Director (Exploration), Shri M.C. Das, GGM-Chief CHSE and Shri P.K. Rao, ED-Asset Manager Rajahmundry Asset. Shri S. Gururajan GM (M), Shri P.R. Bhavana, GM (Geology), Dr. M. Ramakrishna, DGM (Geology), Shri N.S.R.Murthy DGM (Chem), Shri P.T. Rao, CE (Drilling), Shri M. K. Das, Senior Geologist, Shri I.M. Jamir, EE (Reservoir), Smt. Y. Satyavathi, Asst. Supdt and Shri A. Subbarao, Attendant grade II are gratefully acknowledged for their valuable support and inputs. Issues raised during Public Hearings in respect of proposed Development Drilling activities in Godavari Onland and West Godavari PML blocks in the three districts viz.
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Regional Disparities in Andhra Pradesh, India
XML Template (2012) [3.11.2012–2:12pm] [1–13] {SAGE}LEC/LEC 463791.3d (LEC) [PREPRINTER stage] In perspective Local Economy 0(0) 1–13 Regional disparities in ! The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permissions: Andhra Pradesh, India sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0269094212463791 lec.sagepub.com A Amarender Reddy International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India MCS Bantilan International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India Abstract India is a federal union of 28 states. The states are further subdivided into districts. Andhra Pradesh is one of the largest states in India. This article examines how regional disparities in Andhra Pradesh have developed since its formation in 1956. A large urban centre (Hyderabad) which acts as a hub for economic activities, has attracted factors of production, and has stimulated income and employment opportunities in the surrounding local economy, but its impact on the peripheral districts is limited. There is a need for policy intervention in these peripheral districts in order to reduce regional disparities. Keywords Andhra Pradesh, India, regional development, regional disparities, regions Introduction This article examines regional disparities in Andhra Pradesh and highlights the role Regional inequalities are a development played by its largest urban conglomeration challenge in most developing countries, (Hyderabad). It tries to answer the follow- especially those with large geographic ing questions: areas under their jurisdiction. Following India’s market liberalization in the early (1) Have the regions and districts shown 1990s, skilled labour and capital in convergence or divergence over the Andhra Pradesh have been drawn from last ﬁve decades? the peripheral regions to the core regions, mostly attracted by the high-technology ser- vice sector.
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Rajahmundry Travel Guide - Page 1
Rajahmundry Travel Guide - http://www.ixigo.com/travel-guide/rajahmundry page 1 acres of paddy fields. The city is also known Mar for its journey from the Godavari River boat Pleasant weather. Carry Light woollen. Rajahmundry to Bhadrachalam via Papikondalu. The place Max: Min: Rain: 33.90000152 23.89999961 5.59999990463256 5878906°C 8530273°C 8mm Rajahmundry is a true visual treat will surely mesmerise everyone, travelling in a boat by the beauty of the place is with its picturesque location on the Apr something to look out for. Rajahmundry is a left bank of the mighty river Hot weather. Carry Light clothes. well developed town in the coastal Andhra Max: Min: Rain: Godavari and surrounded by lush 36.09999847 26.10000038 2.70000004768371 Pradesh. It is well connected by road and 4121094°C 1469727°C 6mm green paddy fields, coconut trees train. The shopping malls like Apurva and May and winding roads. Enjoy the Famous For : City Chandana Ramesh are very famous for Hot weather. Carry Light clothes. various Ghats, parks, temple and shopping. The business is also well Max: 37.5°C Min: Rain: 38.5mm bridges. The cultural Capital of Andhra Pradesh, developed.The cost of living is very 27.70000076 2939453°C Rajahmundry is the birthplace of poet moderate and most importantly the climate Nannayya, the first poet of Telugu. Famous is very peaceful. Jun for the mighty river Godavari, there are Hot weather. Carry Light clothes, umbrella. numerous ghats and parks along the river's Max: Min: Rain: 35.40000152 27.10000038 53.0999984741210 banks which make for great tourist spots.
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