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Geologic Map of Wind Cave National Park

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Geologic Map of Wind Cave National Park Department of Environment and Natural Resources Division of Financial and Technical Assistance Geological Survey Program 7.5 Minute Series Geologic Quadrangle Map 16 Geologic Map of Wind Cave National Park Prepared in cooperation with the Department of the Interior, Prepared in cooperation with Albion College, Albion, Michigan Brian A. Fagnan, Beth Z. Lincoln1, and Timothy N. Lincoln1 National Park Service, Wind Cave National Park 2013 EXPLANATION State of South Dakota South Dakota Geological Survey Dennis Daugaard, Governor Derric L. Iles, State Geologist 47 Alluvium - Unconsolidated to loosely consolidated clay, silt, and ! Contact R. 5 E. 27' 30" R. 6 E. Qal angular to rounded, sand and gravel. Deposited in present-day Long dashed where approximately located; short 6 624 23 drainages dashed where inferred only in cross section; arrow 48 Pullout  af 87 48 indicates contact dip direction and amount 33 ( 33 73 Xrr 6 000m. 22 E 63 1 6 o 6 - Well-cemented, angular to subangular, sand- 2 o 4400 25 Conglomerate Xrg Qal 74 Qcg to pebble-sized clasts, derived mainly from the Minnekahata Limestone Form line Tic indicates dip direction of beds Xh with minor quantities of Precambrian and Early Paleozoic lithologies. P o o Xrr 41 Quaternary o o 82 80 A 62 Matrix is composed of calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate probably Xrg o o   S A 68 o  o a 46 o derived from hot springs (Wolcott, 1967). Some conglomerate could be o n 60 00 Ä 43 c  54 5 tu 6 81 FAULT o o 103° 30' 4 a s associated with the White River Group but was not differentiated in the Xrr 60 r ÄÄ 0 y 61 6 o Ä 0 Ú 6 QTg o 0 T 6 10 study area. Approximate thickness 2-15 ft (0.6-4.6 m) ; o  4 r P 68 74 a 82 84 35 7 68 24 i  44 o l r o 49 Fault o Xr o  10 o  o  o  Xst 50 0 Long dashed where approximately located; short - Unconsolidated to loosely consolidated clay- to o Gravel deposit 48 000m. o 45 0 65 54 6 4 6 6 Ä A 8 Ä 103° 22' 30" 0 Ä 25' 6 6 6 32 N 4 30 4 6 6 dashed where inferred; dotted where concealed. A 32 11 85 4 0 o 28 29 30 33 QTg 54 A 26 27 A boulder-sized clasts comprised of Precambrian lithologies and minor 47 30 O_d 0 A o o o Bar and ball on downthrown side 6 Ä Ä 41 71 12 Ä 48 o A Ä Ä A 32 Paleozoic carbonate and sandstone. All gravels are sub-rounded to o Ú 84 Ao QTg ¹  Qal 10 42 o  0 Ä 7 . e  0 Xrr o  P*m Pm ¹ 6 o 5 rounded. Some gravel deposits may be associated with the White River 67 o 4 A s 82 10 A 2 QTg o 5 3 o o P 72 Xrr 6 0 4 4100 4000 9  2 88 p 6 0 0 R. 6 E. R. 7 E. Group but were not differentiated in the study area l ¹ 53 M 0 0 A Xh 53 i 54 Ä A Tw 0 a 30 s o 70 5 Mp Tw 6 FOLDS 58 72  5 Pm6 r o ) 34 87 Äo il T 42 A a ¹ r P*m 27 26 o 23 9 5 o QTg A e 47 o Xh l T QTg o 11 g 77 a 8 A 10 d o i QTg QTg Pullout i Lookout Tower 14 45 Tw 43° 37' 30" Disconformity R 56 55 n 28 n Tw 40 o 35 o 54 30 e 11 00 4 H 43° 37' 30" n ¹ t 10 12 Xrr 87 i o O_d 4 0 7 F Anticline ( 4 n 30 k e 0 af o 6 70 o 0 o Xh A n Xh A 0 C A 0 55 Showing crestline and direction of plunge. o MDe 0 0 o a o 8 ; Tertiary 0 3 0 0 4 o 53 27 o White River Group - Tan, brown, and light-gray siltstone, claystone, 7 R 30 6 21 w Xst o A Xst 52 78 o 3 T Long dashed where approximately located; 4 4 80 A 17 ; ; o  64 o o o A Ä 69 ¹ Tw o A Po Tw 3 and white to light-gray, vuggy, finely-crystalline, lacustrine limestone. short dashed where inferred; dotted where o M A o 80 o Xst A 0 78 4 Ä Oligocene ut M 48 Pullo A o 5 H 34 5 Ä concealed 53 0 4400 00 78  Tw 39 Ju A Contains sparse lenses of conglomerate indicating possible stream 31 0 o 3 0 Pm A 68 29 i 4 0 to g 4 A 11 o 5 I 22 h 4 o 6 AA ¹ 000 channels. Some gravel deposits of unit QTg could be associated with the s A 0 A 54 o 18 l Eocene o 20 ¹ a I 0 00 48 I 65 Mp A 3 QTg 4  n *m1 53 I 85 26 65 o Ä 31 68 o 9 Tw o White River Group but were not differentiated in the study area. Exposed d o o 61 o Ä M o H 63 o Ú A o 4 s a 12 0 M Syncline 6 o 12 9 78 0 QTg 58  1 o 73 0 o o 4300 4 thickness greater than 200 ft (61 m) Ú Mp Qal 0 Ú o 88 R 60 82 QTg A Showing troughline and direction of plunge. ¹ Ú 11 4 4 o 18 11 3 5 4501 2 A a 77 00 A 0 74  Long dashed where approximately located; o 55 78 38 0 Tw n 31 8 Ju M QTg A o Js s 0 4 o 5 o o 18 o 65 00 0 43 A short dashed where inferred; dotted where o  o k Â83 o 65 A Disconformity 8  o A o 20 4 16 0 i 40  0 40 22 0 30 4 11 0 o  3 A o 80 concealed n AA 4 23 0 3 5 o 6 5 18 o I o 0 o 10 o 21 82 14 26 0 75 3 20 6 Xh ¹ 9 s 72 o 20 o Ú ; Ú 17 *m1 *m3 14 o 0 o A 16 0 74 o 18 12 o 63 o 73 ÄÄ 29 Kl 13 15 o Fall River Formation - Gray to light-gray, fine- to very fine-grained, 13 86 o 53 15 o 12 e Ä o 72 A o  A  A Ä o 43 5 o A A 18 1 Kl  48 *m3 o 58 78 20 4 8 15 Kf thin-bedded, carbonaceous sandstone interbedded with laminated, Monocline, anticlinal bend o 4 T o 0 4 70 70 R 0 *m2 43 7 Js A 84 43 ¹ A 00 12 4 ¹ 20 o Mp 14 Axis located on steepest part of structure. Shorter o *m  P 5 o QTg carbonaceous siltstone. Exposed thickness greater than 100 ft (30.5 m) A 4 6 i  4 o o  56 Xst o *m 4 0 48 4 75 d Ö 0 3 6 2 6 2 Ju o o 0  arrow indicates steeper beds. Long dashed where 0 0 ¹ 13 0 30 0 P 89 MDe o 0 o 19 Ä g 0 4823 ¹ 4 o 4300 4 1 10 o 2 0 Ä 25 4 Ä o Ä 0 o 0 Ä 10 approximately located; dotted where concealed H 0 Xrr e 6o 9 18 81 0 79 43 12 QTg o o Tg Q 0 i 74 s 69 83 g Ú64 o 4 A o 48 0 I Disconformity Ú o Ä 80 MDe o 2 o ¹ Pm6 36 4 h 21 o 8 68 Ä ; 30 0 *m3 o I o Xrr 57 o 32 85 0 l a 3 ¹ QTg 5 Lower A Ä 4 70 P 79 P Ä Mp o 0 Ä 5 Ju o n  o 45 0 QTg ¹ 0 10 A o s Qal 9 73 s 0 C d Cretaceous 80 r 3 Ju Cretaceous I o O_d e 4 13 20 Overturned anticline P 15 C 58 Xh 46 *m e Lakota Formation - Tan, brown, and light-gray, medium- to o 1 29 72 o k A o Xrg r Location of trace of axial surface and dip Ä e Ä 45 A o 6 o e Kl 9 o 38 Ä 6 coarse-grained, crossbedded sandstone interbedded with mudstone. o o Ä o o direction of limbs; long dashed where k 84  34 o Po Kl 84 A B o *m4 4 QTg 16 10 14 T o 53 o 8 12 Ä approximately located; dotted where concealed Ä o Ä Js Middle of the formation contains lenses of sandy limestone. Forms A 74  A 4 Â15 S *m4 Ä r Tw 15 a H ^Ps o 38 o l A o Ú A a ; 10 a B o o p i o M la o 4 72 prominent outcrops; large boulders may occur as colluvium or talus. 70 n l Pm 0 ck 84 QTg o 7 75 n o t o 68 R 4 0 a 50 c o i Creek A14 84 0 A l 0 4 0 Pm t 1 A 6  0 d 0 u 78 o 74 e 4 o 4    A 18 Contains petrified wood.
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