:1 Census of India, 1951 DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK UTTAR PRADESH I-DEHR.-\' DUN DISTRI("T ALLAHABAD: SUl'ElUN'IENDENT, PR1NTING AND STATIONERY, UTTAR PRAD~bH, INDIA 1954 DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK 1951 DEHRA DUN DISTRICT FOREWORD Several States, including Uttar Pradesh, have been publishing village statistics by districts at each census. In 194I they were published in U. P. under the title "District Census Statistics" with a separate volume for each district. In the 1951 census, when the tabulation has been more elaborate than ever in view of the require ... ments of the country, the district ... wise volume has been expanded into a "District Census Handbook". which now contains the District Census Tables (furnishing data with break ... up for census tracts within the district), the District Index of Non... agricultural Occupations, agricultural statistics from 190V02 to 19.5°"'51 and other miscellaneous statistics in addition to the usual village population statistics. The village population statistics also are given in an elaborate form giving the division of the population among eight livelihood classes and other details. 2. It may be added here that a separate set of district ... wise volumes giving only population figures of rural areas by villages and of urban areas by wards and mohallas and entitled "District Population Statistics" has already been published. This separate series was necessitated by the urgent requirements of the U. P. Government for elections to local bodies. The printing of the District Census Handbooks involves colossal work and is bound to take some time. RAJESHW ARI PRASAD, IoA.S •• RAMPUIt: Superintendent, Census Operations, Septemher It 1954. Uttar Pradesh. CON'lENT~ Illf'rlWDUOTIOH- A-The District i-ii B-Analysis of the Statistics iii-x O-Expll.lonatol'Y notes on the Statistics x-xii PART I-DISTRICT OENSUS TABLES A-GIllN'BllUL POPULATION TABLE_ A-I Area, Houses a.nd Population 3 A-II Variation in Population during Fifty Years 3 A-III Towns and Villages Classified by Population 4-5 \-IV Towns Classified by Population with Va.riations since 1901 6 A-V Towns ,"',"donged Territorially with Popula.tion by Livelihood Cla.asM 7 E Area and Popul9tion of District and Tebsils by Livelihood Classes 8-9 B-EOONOMIO TABLES-- R-I Livelihood Classes and Sub-classes 10-13 B-II Seoondary Means of Livelihood 14-21 B-III Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Servioes by Divisions and Sub-divisions 22-51 B-IV Unemployment by Livelihood Classes 52-53 Index of Non-agriouItural Ocoupations 54-57 C-HOUSEHOLD AND A.GE (SAMPLE) TABLES­ C-I Household (Size and Composition) 58-59 C-II Livelihood Classes by Age-groups 60-65 O-III Age and Civil Condition 66-69 C-IV Age and Literacy 70-73 C·V Single Year Age Returns 74-81 D-SOOtAL AND OU}'TURAL TABLE8- D-I Languages (i> Mother Tongue 82-87 (ii) Bilingua.lism 88-103 D-ll Religion 104-105 D-III ~cheduled Oastes 104-105 D-IV Migrants 106-109 D-V (i) Displaced persons by year of arrival in India liD-III (ii) Displaced persons by Livelihood ClasseR 112-113 D-VI Non-Indian NationalS 112-113 D-VII Livelihood Classes by Eduoational Standards 114-117 PART II-VILLAGE, TOWN, PARGANA AND THANA STATISTICS I Primary Census Abstra.ot 120-151 2 Pargana and Thana-wise Population 152 PART III-MISCELLANEOUS STATISTICS Vital Statistios 154-157 2 Agrioultural Statistic~(i) Rainfall 158-159 (ii) Area a8 olassified with details of area under cultivation 160-163 (iii) Cropped Area 164-179 (iv) Irrigated Area 180-183 3 Live.Stock, Agricultural Machinery and Implementl! 184-187 -4 List of Primary Schools 188-189 INTRODUCTION A-THE DISTR!OT _ 1. The district of Dehra Dun occupies the north-west corner of the State. The western boundary is formed almost throughout by the rivers Tons and Yamuna, beyond which lies the State of Himachal Pradesh. To the north and east are the hill districts of Tehri­ Garhwal and Garhwal and on the south-west and south lie the districts of Saharanpur and Bijnor. Thc district has a total area of 1,193 square miles and its population in 1951 was 3' 62 lakhs. It is made up of t,he two tehsils, Chakrata' and Dehra Dun. There are 3 par­ ganas and \i thanas. 2. The district comprises two distinct tracts, the montane which includes the Ohakrata Topograpbl tehsil and the sub-montane which includes the Dehra Dun tehsil. The Chakrata tehsil is formed of the hill pargana of Jaunsar Bawar. rt consists entirely of a succession of mountains and gorge. The great physical feature of the tract is the ridge separating the drainage area of the Tons on the west from that of the Yamuna on the east. From the main range, ridges are given off on either side towards these rivers. Each of these ridges also gives off lateral spurs, the hollows between which form the heads of torrents, Jaunsar Bawal' has the character of being one of the wildest and most rugged tracts, affording very little level ground, and that only in small patohes. The mountains are peculiarly rough and pre- uipitous, there il'l much cliff and rock and few villages, so that the cultivation is necessarily small and very laborious. The whole rock almost is limestone, The ravines are deep and sudden jn their descent, often ending in dark chasms, sometimes wooded, but as often exhibiting bare faces of precipitous rock, covered here and there wit.h a fine wiry grass, Below this Himalayan tract lies the DUll proper, which is an open valley bounded by the Siwalik hilltl in the south, the outer scarp of the Himalayas in the north, the Ganga on the east and the Yamuna on the west. The valley is divided in two by the watershed running north and south through Dehra, thus forming the two parganas, the Eastern and Western Dun, which drains south-east and west through well-defined drainage lines into the Ganga and Yamuna respectively, In the Eastern Dun the mountains rise somewhat abruptly from the valley, and cultivation exists in large blocks separated by extensive areas of forest; whereas in the Western Dun there is more continuity, and the Himalayas slope gently downwards to the valley of the Asan in ridges separated from each other by a series of more or less parallel water-courses flowing into the Asan. The Siwaliks in the south are in fact the obstacle which confines the detritus swept down by torrents from the greater moun­ tains on the north, so that the resultant valley is considerably raised above the level of the great plains to the south, The valley is interseoted by numerous mountain torrents (raos) of varying size, mostly dry except during the monsoon. In the valley their boulder-strewn beds are shallow, but at the higher levels they have scored deep into the mountain sides, their banks Imving been rendered precipitous through countless years of erosion, The depo­ sits of the vaHey having their origin in the Himalayas consist of heavy boulders or grovel clothed with a thin covering of good soil which naturally exhibits frequent outcrops of its rocky subsoil. 3. The soils of the district are on the average much poorer than in the plains. In Solll the vallcy the tl'pnd of thc soil is from clay in the fJast through a rich loam in the centre round Dehra to lighter loam as the Yamuna i~ reached. The good loam is locally known as t'a'un- sili and the good clay as dakar. To the inferior loam or clay of little depth and mixed with stones, the name given is sankra. rrhi~ pOOl' stony type is t,he prevailing soil of the sub­ montane and the hill tracts. 4. The figures of classification of area during the last fifty years are given in Table Classification 01 2 of Part III of this volume. The proportion of area under various categories works out as area follows for 1950-51 : Actual figures (in acre.) Peroentttge 0ultivated area 111,882 19' 5 Culturable waste (excluding curr"nt fallow) 106,680 18·6 (iurr('nt fallow 5,919 '·0 Forest 278,651 48·7 Area not ,wailable for oultivatiotl of which- 69.817 12· 2 (a) Covered with water 24.679 4'3 (b) Under 8ite8, roads and building8 16.322 2'9 (0) Barren 28.81(j 5'Q ii The figure in the above table regarding culturable waste taken from the SeMon and Crop Report is, however, misleading. The State Agriculture Department conducted in 1949-50 a detailed enquiry through the District Officers regarding the nat.ure of this area· in each district. The following analysis of the area resulted from this enquiry : Area Particulars (in acres) PercentalZe Total eulturable waste (A + B + C ) ]06,108 100 A-Area under cultura"ole waste land not availabl~ for iuuuediate cultiv"tiou 93,490 87' 61 (il Forest under any legal ena~tmellt 13,509 12' 66 (iil Groves 1,675 l' 57 (iii) Forests of timber trees 29,844 27- 97 (iv) Thatching grasses, shrubs and busnes 47,864 44' 85 (v) Land kept for grazing 598 O' 56 13--Area under culturable waste land ~,'ailabl~ for immediate cultiviltion but eould 7.359 6'90 Hot be cllltivat,eel Of which dlle to- (i) 1("118 growth 331 0'31 (iil Thrcshing floors (iii) Malaria 230 0'22 C,'OI (iv) Flood8 Ii 0'3& (v) Leek uf drains 410 j. 30 (vi) Lack of witte,' ],389 (vii) Distance from a~Qdi., 379 O' 36 (v-;ii) Damage from wild animals 340 O' 32 (ixl Ot.her causes 4,269 4'00 (h..Area under culturable waste land that can be brought under immedia.te cultivation 5,859 5' 49 "fter some improvements besides the aYea given ag3lnst B .