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Pioneers, Prospectors and Trout

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Pioneers, Prospectors and Trout Pioneers, Prospectors and Trout A Historic Context For La Plata County, Colorado By Jill Seyfarth And Ruth Lambert, Ph.D. January, 2010 Pioneers, Prospectors and Trout A Historic Context For La Plata County, Colorado Prepared for the La Plata County Planning Department State Historical Fund Project Number 2008-01-012 Deliverable No. 7 Prepared by: Jill Seyfarth Cultural Resource Planning PO Box 295 Durango, Colorado 81302 (970) 247-5893 And Ruth Lambert, PhD. San Juan Mountains Association PO Box 2261 Durango, Colorado 81302 January, 2010 This context document is sponsored by La Plata County and is partially funded by a grant from the Colorado State Historical Fund (Project Number 2008-01-012). The opinions expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the opinions or policies of the staff of the Colorado State Historical Fund. Cover photographs: Top-Pine River Stage Station. Photo Source: La Plata County Historical Society-Animas Museum Photo Archives. Left side-Gold King Mill in La Plata Canyon taken in about1936. Photo Source Plate 21, in U.S.Geological Survey Professional paper 219. 1949 Right side-Local Fred Klatt’s big catch. Photo Source La Plata County Historical Society- Animas Museum Photo Archives. Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 New Frontiers................................................................................................................ 3 Initial Exploration ............................................................................................. 4 Native American-European Contact ................................................................. 7 First Miners and Settlers .................................................................................. 12 Frontiers in Natural Resources..................................................................................... 23 Precious Metal Mining ..................................................................................... 24 Coal Mining ..................................................................................................... 35 Mining For the Nuclear Age ............................................................................ 42 Open Rangers and Ranchers ............................................................................ 45 Homesteading and Water ................................................................................. 50 Farming ............................................................................................................ 55 Timber .............................................................................................................. 65 Oil and Gas ...................................................................................................... 67 Transportation .............................................................................................................. 71 Railroads .......................................................................................................... 72 Roads and Routes ............................................................................................. 85 Airport ............................................................................................................. 92 Federal Government..................................................................................................... 93 Agencies ........................................................................................................... 94 New Deal In La Plata County .......................................................................... 97 Tourism ........................................................................................................................ 99 Community Development ........................................................................................... 109 Settlement and Population .............................................................................. 110 Commercial Development .............................................................................. 118 Religious, Cultural and Social Institutions ..................................................... 121 Leisure............................................................................................................. 124 Afterword .................................................................................................................... 127 References Cited and Interviews ................................................................................ 129 Appendix ................................................................................................................ After 131 Coal Mines Post Offices Schools List of Figures and Maps Figure 1 Parrott City Business Listings ................................................................... 19 Figure 2 Map of Ute Ownership Changes .................................................... end of report Figure 3 Time Table No.19........................................................................................ 77 Figure 4 Plat of Tiffany ............................................................................................. 80 List of Tables Table 1 Elected County Officials in 1874 ............................................................... 16 Table 2 County Officials in 1879 ............................................................................. 17 Table 3 Early Assessed Values ................................................................................ 18 Table 4 La Plata and San Juan Counties Mineral Production............................. 25 Table 5 Mineral Production in the La Plata District .......................................... 28-29 Table 6 Packers/Freighters in the La Platas .......................................................... 33 Table 7 Eleven Largest Producing Coal Mines...................................................... 37 Table 8 Livestock Average Values .......................................................................... 48 Table 9 Farms and Farm Sizes ................................................................................ 56 Table 10 Irrigated Acreages ...................................................................................... 57 Table 11 Granges ........................................................................................................ 60 Table 12 Federally Recognized Parks and Monuments ......................................... 102 Table 13 Known Dude Ranches .............................................................................. 105 Table 14 Population of La Plata County ................................................................. 111 List of Photographs Photograph 1 John Moss ........................................................................................... 15 Photograph 2 Olga Little........................................................................................... 32 Photograph 3 La Plata Mine ..................................................................................... 37 Photograph 4 Animas Valley Grange ...................................................................... 59 Photograph 5 Pine River Station .............................................................................. 86 Photograph 6 Wagon in the Mud ............................................................................. 88 Photograph 7 Harry Jackson and a Winton ........................................................... 89 Photograph 8 Airplane .............................................................................................. 92 Photograph 9 Teelawuket ........................................................................................ 105 Photograph 10 A Frame ............................................................................................. 112 Photograph 11 Rockwood School .............................................................................. 117 Photograph 12 Baker’s Bridge Bicycle Trip ............................................................ 124 Photograph 13 Electra Lake Clubhouse ................................................................... 125 New Frontier Section Front Plate .............................................................................. 3 Frontiers In Natural Resources Section Front Plate .............................................. 23 Transportation Section Front Plate ......................................................................... 71 Federal Government Section Front Plate ................................................................ 93 Tourism Section Front Plate ..................................................................................... 99 Community Development Section Front Plate ....................................................... 109 Acknowledgements We thank all who helped with this project. Our sincere appreciation goes to the property owners who shared their stories, time and allowed our visits to their properties. This project benefited by their interest and knowledge. Thank you to the staffs of the project partners. At the State Historical Fund, our thanks to Elizabeth Blackwell and Chris Geddes. The La Plata County staff assisted us in many aspects of the project. Our thanks to La Plata County Commissioners Kellie Hotter, Joelle Riddle and Wally White; La Plata County Planning Department staff Erick Aune-Department Director, Juanita Sauvage, Cindy Simpson,
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