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VIRGINIA WORKING WATERFRONT MASTER PLAN Guiding Communities in Protecting, Restoring and Enhancing Their Water-Dependent Commercial and Recreational Activities

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VIRGINIA WORKING WATERFRONT MASTER PLAN Guiding Communities in Protecting, Restoring and Enhancing Their Water-Dependent Commercial and Recreational Activities VIRGINIA WORKING WATERFRONT MASTER PLAN Guiding communities in protecting, restoring and enhancing their water-dependent commercial and recreational activities JULY 2016 This planning report, Task 92 was funded by the Virginia Coastal Zone Management Program at the Department of Environmental Quality through Grant #NA15NOS4190164 of the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, under the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA, or any of its subagencies. 1 Table of Contents I. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 4 II. Acknowledgements ......................................................................................... 6 III. Executive Summary ......................................................................................... 8 IV. Working Waterfronts – State of the Commonwealth ................................. 20 V. Northern Neck Planning District Commission ............................................. 24 A. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 25 B. History of Working Waterfronts in the Region .......................................................................... 26 C. Current Status of Working Waterfronts in the Region.............................................................. 28 D. Working Waterfront Project Background .................................................................................. 33 E. The Future of Working Waterfronts in the Region .................................................................... 34 VI. Middle Peninsula Planning District Commission ......................................... 38 A. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 38 B. History of Working Waterfronts in the Region .......................................................................... 39 C. Current Status of Working Waterfronts in the Region.............................................................. 40 D. Working Waterfront Project Background .................................................................................. 46 E. The Future of Working Waterfronts in the Region .................................................................... 61 VII. Hampton Roads Planning District Commission ........................................... 70 A. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 70 B. History of Working Waterfronts in the Region .......................................................................... 71 C. Current Status of Working Waterfronts in the Region.............................................................. 74 VIII. Accomack-Northampton Planning District Commission ............................ 93 A. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 93 B. History of Working Waterfronts in the Region ......................................................................... 94 C. Current Status of Working Waterfronts in the Region.............................................................. 95 D. Working Waterfront Project Background .................................................................................. 98 E. The Future of Working Waterfronts in the Region .................................................................. 101 IX. Working Waterfront Resiliency ................................................................. 105 X. Conclusion and Recommendations ............................................................ 108 2 Appendix A. 12 Stressors…………………………………………………………………………………………119 B. Northern Neck Planning District Commission – Case Studies……………….120 C. Middle Peninsula Planning District Commission – Case Studies……………143 D. Sample Adoption Resolution……………………………………………………….........157 3 Chapter I Introduction Since 1607 when the first settlers set foot on Virginia soil, working waterfronts have been the main portal for commerce in Virginia. From the early colonial years of exporting tobacco to England and importing goods from Europe, the commercial waterfronts in coastal Virginia have transitioned to become the primary facilities supporting the economy of eastern Virginia. Working waterfronts support most all of Virginia’s: Commercial fishing operations - large and small Ship and boat building, maintenance and repair operations Marine research facilities Export and import facilities Recreational boating and support serves Marine transportation US Navy operations Working waterfronts play a major roll in supporting every aspect of Virginia’s economy. NOAA estimates of economic impact of working waterfronts on six marine industries, ship building and repair, tourism, marine transportation, living resources, marine construction, and offshore mineral extraction, to be 122,000 employed in these sectors and a $8.5 billion contribution to Virginia’s gross domestic product. These figures do not include military employment and its impact on Virginia’s domestic product. Of the 122,000 marine related jobs, tourism is about half, shipbuilding and repair about a third and marine construction about 15%. Of the total contribution to Virginia’s gross domestic product by marine activity, shipbuilding and repair is about 40%, marine transportation about a quarter and tourism about two-fifths. Working waterfronts are areas or structures on, over, or adjacent to navigable bodies of water that provide access to the water and are used for water-dependent commercial, industrial, or government activities, including commercial fishing, recreational fishing, tourism, aquaculture, boat and ship building, boat and ship repair, boat and ship services, seafood processing, seafood sales, transportation, shipping, marine construction, military activities and other water dependent uses. In addition to the economic impact on Virginia, our working waterfronts have served as a cultural cornerstone supporting the rich heritage of a Chesapeake Bay lifestyle. Working waterfronts are the conduits for translating activity on tidal waters to our settlements on land. Our communities depend upon the vitality of these resources to support not only the economy but also our tidewater life style tied to the water. Over the years Virginia has seen many transitions in the character and activities that our working waterfronts support. In our colonial years the ports and landings served as our 4 connection to England and the rest of the world. The Revolutionary War battle and surrender of the British at Yorktown helped create our great nation. The roll of Hampton Roads during the Civil War was critical to the unity of our nation and the change from an agrarian to an industrial economy. The numerous steamboats lines and the associated wharves and landings served as the commercial highways up until the 1950’s when highway bridges and tunnels were constructed crossing our major rivers and the Chesapeake Bay. Today our working waterfronts support a robust ship and boat building, repair and maintenance industry, the largest naval base in the world, one of the most active ports on the east coast, a recovering seafood and aquaculture industry, and a robust tourism industry. Today, our working waterfronts are under substantial threats and pressures from; rising sea levels, climate change, changing global economic conditions, loss of natural habitat supporting our shellfish and finfish populations and competition from residential development. Once a working waterfront transitions to an alternative use it very seldom reverses back to a working waterfront. It is critical for the future of the Commonwealth’s economy to have adequate and specially dispersed working waterfronts throughout coastal Virginia. This Working Waterfront Master Plan was developed from the bottom up with a series of interviews and discussion with local officials, to statewide workshops with a variety of stakeholder groups, to regional Planning District Commission plans that make up individual chapters of this document. The Master Plan is the culmination of several years of analysis and study of the conditions present at working waterfronts and efforts that have been used to help preserve them. This Master Plan pulls together the common themes of those efforts and recommends a series of policy tools and options that can be implemented at the federal, state, regional and local governmental levels along with actions that land owners and the private sector can take to help ensure that working waterfronts remain vibrant well into the future. 5 Chapter II Acknowledgements Working Waterfront Steering Committee Members & Acknowledgements NAME ENTITY Anne Ducey-Ortiz Gloucester County, Planning and Zoning Anne Smith Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Clean Marina Program Ben McFarlane Hampton Roads Planning District Commission Beth Johnson Middle Peninsula Planning District Commission Beverly Ludford Ludford Brothers Oyster Company Bob Moses Point Messick Marina Bronco Bayless Gloucester County, Wetland Board Charity Gavaza City of Poquoson Curtis Smith Accomack- Northampton Planning District Commission
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