Enterprise Architecture

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Enterprise Architecture www.aeajournal.org Journal of Enterprise Architecture November 2011, Volume 7, Number 4 FEATURES Editor’s Corner: John Gøtze Architect in the Spotlight: Robert Weisman ARTICLES Enterprise Architecture – Critical to Large Transformation Programs Suyog Mahendra Shah The Successful Enterprise Architecture Effort Mikkel Stokbro Holst and Tue Westmark Steensen Getting More out of Government Enterprise Architecture Wai Chung A Survey of Approaches to Virtual Enterprise Architecture: Modeling Languages, Reference Models, and Architecture Frameworks Amit Goel, Sumit Kumar Jha, Ivan Garibay, Heinz Schmidt, and David Gilbert Conceptual Outline for Rapid IT Application Information Discovery Michael Linke Rational Systems Design for Health Information Systems in Low-income Countries: An Enterprise Architecture Approach Henry Mwanyika, David Lubinski, Richard Anderson, Kelley Chester, Mohamed Makame, Matt Steele, and Don de Savigny CASE STUDY An Enterprise Architecture for Banking (in English and Spanish) Sonia González Journal of Enterprise Architecture Chief Editor: John Gøtze, PhD, IT University of Copenhagen Associate Editors Andy Blumenthal James Lapalme, PhD CTO, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives Enterprise Architecture Consultant and Researcher Tyson Brooks, PMP Haiping Luo, PhD School of Information Studies, Syracuse University International Trade Administration, US Dept. of Commerce Dick Burk Stephen Marley, PhD Enterprise Architect Harris Corporation Brian Cameron Thomas J. Mowbray, PhD Professor & Executive Director, Center for EA, PA State University TASC, Inc. Larry DeBoever George Paras assureEV Managing Director, EADirections Gary Doucet Pallab Saha, PhD Treasury Board Secretariat, Government of Canada Professor of Information Systems, National University of Singapore Robert Ellinger, PhD Cathy Sowell Northrop Grumman Corporation President, Custom Enterprise Solutions, LLC Len Fehskens Torben Tambo VP, Skills and Capabilities, The Open Group Associate Professor, Aarhus University Institute of Business & Technology Kristian Hjort-Madsen, PhD Michael Tiemann Manager, Accenture Enterprise Architecture Consultant Michelle Kaarst-Brown, PhD Pat Turner Associate Professor, Information Studies, Syracuse University Director, Centre for EA & Research Management, Griffith University Leon Kappelman, PhD Tim Westbrock College of Business, University of North Texas Managing Director, EADirections William W. Krauter, PhD John Zachman Senior Architect, Lockheed Martin Corporation ZIFA International About the Journal: The Journal of Enterprise Architecture (JEA) is a peer-reviewed international quarterly publication for the enterprise architecture community. Issues are published in February, April, August, and November each year. JEA supports global academic and practitioner communities of interest through the publication of articles that promote the profession of enterprise architecture, and deals with issues regarding practices and methods, case studies, and standards at the national and international levels. Note that the views expressed in JEA articles are those of the respective authors, and not necessarily those of the publisher, the editorial board, or the Association of Enterprise Architects (AEA). Sponsors: JEA is sponsored by AEA (publisher), the Institute for Software Research International at Carnegie Mellon University, and the School of Information Studies at Syracuse University. Copyright: All rights reserved. The reproduction, storage, or transmission of JEA articles or other content is prohibited without prior permission in writing from the JEA Chief Editor, who can be contacted via email at [email protected]. Article Submissions: Authors may submit properly formatted manuscripts to the JEA Chief Editor at [email protected] for peer- review and publication consideration. Author submission guidelines are available on the Journal website at www.aeajournal.org. Approximate timeframes from submission to publication for successful manuscripts are 6 to 12 months, depending on the backlog of previously accepted manuscripts. Copyright of all accepted articles and other published content is transferred by the author to JEA upon notification of acceptance by the JEA Chief Editor. Associate Membership: The cost of AEA associate membership is $70.00/£40.00/€60.00. To join, please refer to https://www.aogea.org/membership/JoinMember. Back Issues: All back issues are available in electronic form, and can be accessed online by subscribers. Libraries can apply for access by contacting AEA. AEA Membership: Membership in AEA is automatically obtained and maintained through subscription to JEA. Each subscriber is assigned to the AEA Chapter that is nearest to that member, or to the global ―At-Large Chapter‖. Selection of AEA Chapter affiliation is made by the subscriber/member as part of the initial subscription and annual renewal process, done online at www.aeajournal.org. 2 © Journal of Enterprise Architecture – November 2011 Contents Editor’s Corner: ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Architect in the Spotlight: Robert Weisman ........................................................................................................................... 5 Enterprise Architecture – Critical to Large Transformation Programs ................................................................................... 8 The Successful Enterprise Architecture Effort ..................................................................................................................... 16 Getting More out of Government Enterprise Architecture .................................................................................................... 23 A Survey of Approaches to Virtual Enterprise Architecture: Modeling Languages, Reference Models, and Architecture Frameworks .......................................................................................................................................................................... 42 Conceptual Outline for Rapid IT Application Information Discovery .................................................................................... 52 Rational Systems Design for Health Information Systems in Low-Income Countries: An Enterprise Architecture Approach ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 60 Case Study: An Enterprise Architecture for Banking ........................................................................................................... 70 Caso Práctico: Arquitectura Empresarial en el Sector Bancario ......................................................................................... 80 © Journal of Enterprise Architecture – November 2011 3 CALL FOR REVIEWERS Editor’s Corner Please consider becoming a reviewer for JEA. As a reviewer, you are given decisive influence on what is published in the journal, and as all reviews are blind By John Gøtze (anonymous), you can provide your honest opinion. With this number, we complete the 2011 volume. Contact me if you are interested. The Architect in the Spotlight is EA-veteran Robert CALL FOR PAPERS Weisman, who is President of the AEA Ottawa-Gatineau Chapter and CEO of Build The Vision, Inc. Please consider sharing your story with the EA community, and submit a paper for JEA. Read more on This issue brings you six interesting articles about http://aeajournal.org. various issues in our wide and diverse discipline and profession. ABOUT THE EDITOR Suyog Shah discusses enterprise architecture’s critical Dr. John Gøtze is program manager at the IT University role in large transformation programs; Mikkel S. Holst of Copenhagen and lecturer at Copenhagen Business and Tue W. Steensen discuss characteristics of a School. He is also a partner in EA Fellows, and runs successful enterprise architecture effort; Wai Chung Carnegie Mellon University’s EA Certification program in discusses how to get more out of government enterprise Europe. He can be reached on [email protected]. architecture; Amit Goel et al discuss modeling languages, reference models, and architecture frameworks for virtual enterprise architecture; Michael Linke presents an enterprise architecture-based process concept for managing the IT application landscape, and Henry Mwanyika et al use an enterprise architecture approach to rational systems design for health information systems in low-income countries. The case study is about the establishment of enterprise architecture in the Bank of Costa Rica. This article is provided in both English and Spanish. 2012 AND ONWARDS JEA is a ―pracademic‖ journal, for both practitioners and academics. This is the reason we maintain a rather rigorous review process with double-blind peer-reviews. While our acceptance criteria differ from purely scientific journals, we adhere to many of the same principles. As editor, I strive to comply with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Code of Conduct for Journal Editors. JEA is now mature enough as a publication for it to start making sense, becoming indexed and ranked as a journal in systems like Scopus. Together with our new editorial board member, James Lapalme from Montreal, and the rest of the editorial board, I will work on getting JEA registered, indexed, and ranked. While this should make JEA more attractive
Recommended publications
  • Business Reference Model of the Local Self-Government That Uses Process Management
    Business reference model of the local self-government that uses process management Markéta Zimmermannová Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Informatics and Statistics, University of Economics, Prague, Czech Republic [email protected] Abstract. The objective of this paper is a brief introduction in the doctoral thesis of the author. The content of the thesis is the design of the structure for efficient management of the public administration. The author explores the options, how to combine the Enterprise Architecture elements with the business process management methodology MMABP. The output is the design of the optimal structure of the public administration office at the business level – Business reference model. Keywords: enterprise architecture, business process model, business reference model, public administration. 1 Introduction The subject of the doctoral thesis regards the Business process management and the Enterprise Architecture and the options of their application in the local self-government in the Czech Republic. In comparison with the private sector, the local self-government (and public administration in general) has a much broader set of competences. This also generates much complicated requirements on the process, functional, organizational and technological structure of the local self-government bodies. Implementation of such a structure can however be simplified by a certain form of business process standardization and by using of the Enterprise Architecture elements. The doctoral thesis therefore explores and proposes the options for usage of the process management (represented by MMABP methodology) based on the broader exploration of the very basis that the local self-government stands on and its combination with the Enterprise Architecture.
    [Show full text]
  • 030610 IAC EA SIG Information and Data Reference Model Bod…
    Business Integra tion Driven By Business Lines 06/10/2003 Business Integration Driven by Business Lines: A perspective on the Data Reference Model as it relates to Cross Agency Challenges. Standards Based Architecture to Support Federated Data Management. Concept Level WHITE PAPER Developed for the Federal Enterprise Architecture Program Management Office (FEA -PMO), Federal CIO Council, NASCIO, and Public Cross Government Initiatives Industry Advisory Council (IAC) Enterprise Architecture SIG May 28, 2003 Business Integra tion Driven By Business Lines 06/10/2003 DISCLAIMER While the Federation of Government Information Processing Councils/Industry Advisory Council (FGIPC/IAC) has made every effort to present accurate and reliable information in this report, FGIPC/IAC does not endorse, approve or certify such information, nor does it guarantee the accuracy, completeness, efficacy, and timeliness or correct sequencing of such information. Use of such information is voluntary, and reliance on it should only be undertaken after an independent review of its accuracy, completeness, efficacy and timeliness. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process or service by trade name, trademark, service mark, manufacturer or otherwise does not constitute or imply endorsement, recommendation or favoring by FGIPC/IAC. FGIPC/IAC (including its employees and agents) assumes no responsibility for consequences resulting from the use of the information herein, or from use of the information obtained from any source referenced herein, or in any respect for the content of such information, including (but not limited to) errors or omissions, the accuracy or reasonableness of factual or scientific assumptions, studies or conclusions, the defamatory nature of statements, ownership of copyright or other intellectual property rights, and the violation of property, privacy or personal rights of others.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Issues on Information System Architecture Research Domain: the Vision
    OPEN ISSUES ON INFORMATION SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE RESEARCH DOMAIN: THE VISION André Vasconcelos CEO - Centro de Engenharia Organizacional, INESC, Lisboa, Portugal Email: [email protected] Carla Marques Pereira EST-IPCB, Av. do Empresário, Castelo Branco, Portugal Email: [email protected] Pedro Sousa, José Tribolet CEO - Centro de Engenharia Organizacional, INESC, Lisboa, Portugal Email: [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: Information System Architecture (ISA), ISA Evaluation, Business/System Alignment, Enterprise Information System, CEO Framework. Abstract: Currently organizations, pushed by several business and technological changes, are more concern about Information systems (IS) than ever. Though organizations usually still face each IS as a separately technological issue with slight relations with business domain. This paper discusses the importance of the Information System Architecture (ISA) as the tool for ensuring a global view on IS and for explicitly assessing alignment between technology and business processes and strategies. In this paper, considering the numerous topics, technologies and buzzwords surrounding ISA domain, we identify the major ISA open issues, namely: ISA Modelling, ISA Methodology, ISA Evaluation, IS Architectural Styles and Patterns, and IS/Business Alignment. We also present our advances in addressing some of these issues, by proposing an approach for ISA evaluation and IS/Business Alignment measure. This approach is supported on an ISA modelling framework and provides several indicators and measures for ISA evaluation. This approach is applied to an IS health care project evaluation. 1 INTRODUCTION enterprise knowledge handling. These new business needs have being forcing organizations to redesign their strategies, reengineering their business During the last decade several important processes and positioned efficient information technological progresses have been accomplished in handling in every organization agenda.
    [Show full text]
  • The Business Reference Model Version 1.O
    THE BUSINESS REFERENCE MODEL VERSION 1.O A Foundation for Government-wide Improvement INTRODUCTION E-Government is one of the five key components of the President’s Management Agenda because of its importance in facilitating a more responsive and effective Government. To achieve the President’s objectives, the federal government must derive more productivity from its IT spending, currently more than $50 billion. A cornerstone to success is the development of a Federal enterprise architecture that enables agencies to derive maximum benefit from applying IT to their missions. In February 2002, I directed the creation of a Federal Enterprise Architecture Program Management Office to begin developing a comprehensive, business-driven blueprint for modernizing the Federal government. The Federal EA will serve to inform executive-level decision-making and allow for increased collaboration and resource sharing across agencies. I am pleased to unveil today the foundational layer of the Federal Enterprise Architecture – the Business Reference Model (version 1.0). The Model provides an integrated view of the Federal Government’s business, detailing activities that agencies perform to achieve each mission and function. With this foundation, government executives can look strategically at Federal business operations and understand the gaps, overlaps, and opportunities. The Business Reference Model provides OMB and the Agencies with an invaluable new tool for improving the business of government – it is a quantum leap forward for the Federal Government. The Federal Enterprise Architecture is being constructed through a series of “reference models” designed to facilitate cross-agency analysis and improvement. The Business Reference Model serves as the foundation for the other reference models that will be published in the future – the Performance Reference Model, Data Reference Model, Application-Capability Reference Model, and the Technical Reference Model.
    [Show full text]
  • Comprehensive Measurement Framework for Enterprise Architectures
    International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 3, No 4, August 2011 COMPREHENSIVE MEASUREMENT FRAMEWORK FOR ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURES Mahesh R. Dube 1 and Shantanu K. Dixit 2 1Department of Computer Engineering, VIT, Pune, India [email protected] 2Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, WIT, Solapur, India [email protected] ABSTRACT Enterprise Architecture defines the overall form and function of systems across an enterprise involving the stakeholders and providing a framework, standards and guidelines for project-specific architectures. Project-specific Architecture defines the form and function of the systems in a project or program, within the context of the enterprise as a whole with broad scope and business alignments. Application-specific Architecture defines the form and function of the applications that will be developed to realize functionality of the system with narrow scope and technical alignments. Because of the magnitude and complexity of any enterprise integration project, a major engineering and operations planning effort must be accomplished prior to any actual integration work. As the needs and the requirements vary depending on their volume, the entire enterprise problem can be broken into chunks of manageable pieces. These pieces can be implemented and tested individually with high integration effort. Therefore it becomes essential to analyze the economic and technical feasibility of realizable enterprise solution. It is difficult to migrate from one technological and business aspect to other as the enterprise evolves. The existing process models in system engineering emphasize on life-cycle management and low-level activity coordination with milestone verification. Many organizations are developing enterprise architecture to provide a clear vision of how systems will support and enable their business.
    [Show full text]
  • Business Line Architecture & Integration
    Business Line Architecture & Integration April 3, 2003 Business Line Architecture & Integration Concept Level WHITE PAPER Developed for the Federal Enterprise Architecture Program Management Office (FEA -PMO), Federal CIO Council, NASCIO, and Public Cross Government Initiatives Industry Advisory Council (IAC) Enterprise Architecture SIG March 2003 Business Line Architecture & Integration April 3, 2003 DISCLAIMER While the Federation of Government Information Processing Councils/Industry Advisory Council (FGIPC/IAC) has made every effort to present accurate and reliable information in this report, FGIPC/IAC does not endorse, approve or certify such information, nor does it guarantee the accuracy, completeness, efficacy, and timeliness or correct sequencing of such information. Use of such information is voluntary, and reliance on it should only be undertaken after an independent review of its accuracy, completeness, efficacy and timeliness. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process or service by trade name, trademark, service mark, manufacturer or otherwise does not constitute or imply endorsement, recommendation or favoring by FGIPC/IAC. FGIPC/IAC (including its employees and agents) assumes no responsibility for consequences resulting from the use of the information herein, or from use of the information obtained from any source referenced herein, or in any respect for the content of such information, including (but not limited to) errors or omissions, the accuracy or reasonableness of factual or scientific assumptions, studies or conclusions, the defamatory nature of statements, ownership of copyright or other intellectual property rights, and the violation of property, privacy or personal rights of others. FGIPC/IAC is not responsible for, and expressly disclaims all liability for, damages of any kind arising out of use, reference to or reliance on such information.
    [Show full text]
  • Metamodel for the Federal Transition Framework (FTF)
    Date: February 2009 Metamodel for the Federal Transition Framework (FTF) Version 1.0 OMG Document Number: formal/2009-02-01 Standard document URL: http://www.omg.org/spec/FTF/ Associated Schema Files*: http://www.omg.org/spec/FTF/20070901/ http://www.omg.org/spec/FTF/20070901/FederalTransitionFramework.xsd http://www.omg.org/spec/FTF/20070901/FTF-Subset-of-FEACRM.xsd http://www.omg.org/spec/FTF/20070901/OrganizationStructure.xsd http://www.omg.org/spec/FTF/20070901/FTF-CMOF-XMI-PIM.xml * original .zip file: gov/07-09-04 Copyright © 2007, Adaptive Copyright © 2007, MEGA International Copyright © 2007, Model Driven Solutions Copyright © 2009, Object Management Group, Inc. Copyright © 2007, Telelogic AB Copyright © 2007, Troux Technologies USE OF SPECIFICATION - TERMS, CONDITIONS & NOTICES The material in this document details an Object Management Group specification in accordance with the terms, conditions and notices set forth below. This document does not represent a commitment to implement any portion of this specification in any company's products. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. LICENSES The companies listed above have granted to the Object Management Group, Inc. (OMG) a nonexclusive, royalty-free, paid up, worldwide license to copy and distribute this document and to modify this document and distribute copies of the modified version. Each of the copyright holders listed above has agreed that no person shall be deemed to have infringed the copyright in the included material of any such copyright holder by reason of having used the specification set forth herein or having conformed any computer software to the specification.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Enterprise Architecture Business Reference Module
    FEA Consolidated Reference Model Document Version 2.3 October 2007 Consolidated Reference Model Version 2.3 Table of Contents 1 FEDERAL ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE PROGRAM ....................................... 4 2 REFERENCE MODEL OVERVIEW......................................................................... 5 2.1 Performance Reference Model (PRM)..........................................................................................5 2.2 Business Reference Model (BRM)................................................................................................6 2.3 Service Component Reference Model (SRM)..............................................................................6 2.4 Technical Reference Model (TRM) ...............................................................................................7 2.5 Data Reference Model (DRM)........................................................................................................7 3 PERFORMANCE REFERENCE MODEL .............................................................. 10 3.1 Measurement Areas.....................................................................................................................11 3.2 Measurement Indicators..............................................................................................................14 4 BUSINESS REFERENCE MODEL........................................................................ 26 4.1 Services for Citizens and Mode of Delivery Business Areas ..................................................27 4.2
    [Show full text]
  • PRACTICES GUIDE Document Purpose Background Practice
    DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE LIFE CYCLE FRAMEWORK <OPDIV Logo> PPPRRRAAACCCTTTIIICCCEEESSS GGGUUUIIIDDDEEE BUSINESS PROCESS MODELING Issue Date: <mm/dd/yyyy> Revision Date: <mm/dd/yyyy> Document Purpose This Practices Guide is a brief document that provides an overview describing the best practices, activities, attributes, and related templates, tools, information, and key terminology of industry-leading project management practices and their accompanying project management templates. Background The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Enterprise Performance Life Cycle (EPLC) is a framework to enhance Information Technology (IT) governance through rigorous application of sound investment and project management principles and industry’s best practices. The EPLC provides the context for the governance process and describes interdependencies between its project management, investment management, and capital planning components. The EPLC framework establishes an environment in which HHS IT investments and projects consistently achieve successful outcomes that align with Department and Operating Division goals and objectives. Modeling is initiated mainly in EPLC Requirements Analysis phase (for conceptual/logical modeling) and extends into Design phase (for physical modeling). Practice Overview Models are used to simplify complex ideas usually into a pictorial form. In an effort to identify opportunities to simplify processes and unify work across federal agencies OMB has created the Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA) Business Process Model (BPM). HHS has expanded upon OMB’s model by further sub-dividing it into the HHS Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework. This document provides an overview of these, and other, models and approaches to modeling. At the highest of levels, Business Process Modeling and Data Modeling are recognized as integral parts of a project’s analysis phase because efficient organization of information contributes to good system design and development.
    [Show full text]
  • Enterprise Architecture Reference Modeling in OWL/RDF
    Enterprise Architecture Reference Modeling in OWL/RDF Dean Allemang, Irene Polikoff, and Ralph Hodgson TopQuadrant Inc, 141 Howard Drive, Beaver Falls, PA {dallemang, irene, ralph}@topquadrant.com Abstract. This paper describes the design of and the deployment options for the Federal Enterprise Architecture Reference Model Ontology (FEA-RMO). The goal of any reference model is to provide a basis or starting point for some de- sign process. While this is a laudable goal, it poses an immediate problem for representation; how can a model be represented in such a way that it can be ex- tended in certain ways (for application to a particular problem), but not without regard to the advice that it gives? Reference models are usually expressed in natural language. At their best, such models provide a starting point for design- ers, and a checklist for their designs, to see that they conform to industry best practices. At worst, reference models expressed in natural language become a source of busy work; designers do not use the models during the design process, instead they spend time after the fact writing up an explanation of how and why they are compliant with the reference framework they've never seriously con- sidered. In this paper, we have used Semantic Web technologies (in particular, RDF and OWL) to represent a reference mode for enterprise architecture in the US government. The content of the model comes from the recent Federal En- terprise Architecture Reference Model effort. We use the capability of RDF to distribute structured information to allow the reference model to be extended (as intended in its design).
    [Show full text]
  • E-Business Reference Modelling Framework for Smes: an Enterprise Architecture Based Approach
    e-Business Reference Modelling Framework for SMEs: An Enterprise Architecture based Approach Magido Mascate a and André Vasconcelos b INESC-ID, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Keywords: Enterprise Architecture, e-Business Reference Model, Digital Strategy, SME, e-Business Architecture. Abstract: Through the digital industry and economy, we find countless researches providing conceptual models aiming to depict digital technology adoption by different businesses. However, according to existing studies, we found that SMEs lack an e-business reference modelling framework that supports the design and adoption of digital-enabled business models. Therefore, we exploit an adaptive and technology-independent approach to propose an EA-based e-business reference modelling framework for SMEs in diverse business contexts. Our framework comprises mainly of three interrelated building blocks, starting with the 1) situational analysis to determine the motivating factors for change and barriers of the business environment; followed by SMEs profiling. The SMEs profiling embodies the 2) SMEs’ readiness depiction based on the existence of digital strategy, digital-value drivers’ catalogue, and business models proposals; and culminates with the 3) description of the implementation based on e-business architecture. In addition, a fourth building block is incorporated into the framework for e-Business solutions architecture, selection, and deployment into the current SMEs' business context. In this study, we assume a practical approach, proposing and demonstrating the application of tools that support the conception of an SMEs´ e-business in the business context in all the different facets of our framework. 1 INTRODUCTION . Literature lacking e-business reference modelling frameworks.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Agency Strategies for Enterprise Architecture Management
    Federal Agency Strategies for Enterprise Architecture Management GroundGround SystemsSystems ArchitectureArchitecture WorkshopWorkshop 20042004 Scott A. Bernard, Ph.D. Syracuse University School of Information Studies [email protected] 1 Overview • Purpose of Enterprise Architecture (EA) • Federal Agency Considerations • EA Guidance – Pre 2002 • EA Guidance – Post 2002 • Strategies for Moving to the FEA • Applying the FEA Reference Models • Integrating EA into Governance 2 Purpose of Enterprise Architecture I. Improved Governance • Support the President’s Management Agenda (PMA) • Provide a citizen-centric focus • Address the increasing reliance on information technology (IT) II. Improved Management • Provide an enterprise-wide, business-based view of IT resources • Improve planning, implementation, and management of IT resources • Maximize the use of limited agency resources III. Improved Service Delivery • Move toward more flexible, capable IT operating environment • Improve IT requirements analysis capability • Improve security planning capability 3 Federal Agency Considerations Mission Considerations • Customer and stakeholder expectations are rising • Increasing role for IT • Limited opportunities for multi-agency collaboration Resource Considerations • Limited funding available • Limits on trained personnel • Pressure to outsource / joint solutions • Continuing high Optempo EA Considerations • Completion of current EA framework (FEAF/TEAF/DODAF) • Migration to FEA and Reference Model approach • Integration with strategy, capital planning,
    [Show full text]