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Tłumaczenie Patentu Europejskiego (19) Pl (11) Pl/Ep 3194566 Polska RZECZPOSPOLITA (12) TŁUMACZENIE PATENTU EUROPEJSKIEGO (19) PL (11) PL/EP 3194566 POLSKA (13) T3 (96) Data i numer zgłoszenia patentu europejskiego: (51) Int.Cl. 04.08.2015 15744949.7 C12N 1/20 (2006.01) (97) O udzieleniu patentu europejskiego ogłoszono: 27.03.2019 Europejski Biuletyn Patentowy 2019/13 Urząd Patentowy EP 3194566 B1 Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej (54) Tytuł wynalazku: PRZECIWGRZYBICZE SZCZEPY PAENIBACILLUS, ZWIĄZKI TYPU FUZARYCYDYNY I ICH ZASTOSOWANIE (30) Pierwszeństwo: 04.08.2014 EP 14179620 (43) Zgłoszenie ogłoszono: 26.07.2017 w Europejskim Biuletynie Patentowym nr 2017/30 (45) O złożeniu tłumaczenia patentu ogłoszono: 30.09.2019 Wiadomości Urzędu Patentowego 2019/09 (73) Uprawniony z patentu: BASF SE, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, DE (72) Twórca(y) wynalazku: ISABELLA SIEPE, Dossenheim, DE HEIKE BRÜSER, Speyer, DE KRISTIN KLAPPACH, Neustadt, DE KARL-HEINRICH SCHNEIDER, Kleinkarlbach, DE PETRA SPRÖTE, Mannheim, DE KERSTIN HAGE, Speyer, DE BIRGIT BLANZ, Limburgerhof, DE ECKHARD THINES, Mehlingen, DE LUIS ANTELO, Hochspeyer, DE LOUIS PERGAUD SANDJO, Yaoundé, CM T3 TILL OPATZ, Oberursel, DE (74) Pełnomocnik: rzecz. pat. Grażyna Wójcik SULIMA GRABOWSKA SIERZPUTOWSKA 3194566 BIURO PATENTÓW I ZNAKÓW TOWAROWYCH SP.K. Skr. poczt. 6 00-956 Warszawa 10 PL/EP Uwaga: W ciągu dziewięciu miesięcy od publikacji informacji o udzieleniu patentu europejskiego, każda osoba może wnieść do Europejskiego Urzędu Patentowego sprzeciw dotyczący udzielonego patentu europejskiego. Sprzeciw wnosi się w formie uzasadnionego na piśmie oświadczenia. Uważa się go za wniesiony dopiero z chwilą wniesienia opłaty za sprzeciw (Art. 99 (1) Konwencji o udzielaniu patentów europejskich). SGS-16647/VAL EP 3 194 566 B1 Opis Dziedzina wynalazku [0001] Niniejszy wynalazek dotyczy nowych wyizolowanych szczepów bakteryjnych, któ- re należą do rodzaju Paenibacillus, pierwotnie wyizolowanych z gleby i wykazujących an- tagonistyczne działanie przeciwko szerokiemu zakresowi patogenów i zdolnych do wytwa- 5 rzania metabolitów przeciwdrobnoustrojowych. Niniejszy wynalazek dotyczy także kom- pozycji pestycydów drobnoustrojowych, jak zdefiniowano w zastrzeżeniach. Niniejszy wynalazek dotyczy również sposobu zwalczania lub hamowania patogenów roślinnych lub zapobiegania zakażeniom patogenami roślinnymi przez zastosowanie takiej kompozycji. Niniejszy wynalazek dotyczy także nowych związków typu fuzarycydyny, które są meta- 10 bolitami wytwarzanymi przez szczepy według niniejszego wynalazku. Tło wynalazku [0002] W dziedzinie techniki zwalczania fitopatogennych grzybów oddziałujących na ro- śliny lub uprawy, dobrze znane jest stosowanie kompozycji związków czynnych zawiera- jących biopestycydy, na przykład wybrane spośród bakterii, takich jak bakterie tworzące 15 zarodniki, lub grzybów, które nie są szkodliwe dla roślin lub upraw, które mają być trak- towane, a, które to biologiczne środki do zwalczania można dalej łączyć z klasycznymi chemicznymi antagonistami patogenów roślinnych. [0003] Biopestycydy zostały zdefiniowane jako postać pestycydów na bazie mikroorgani- zmów (bakterii, grzybów, wirusów, nicieni itp.) lub produktów naturalnych (związków lub 20 ekstraktów ze źródeł biologicznych) (Agencja Ochrony Środowiska USA: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/biopesticides/). [0004] Biopestycydy są zazwyczaj wytwarzane przez hodowlę i zatężanie naturalnie wy- stępujących organizmów i/lub ich metabolitów, w tym bakterii i innych drobnoustrojów, grzybów, wirusów, nicieni, białek itp. Są one często uważane za ważne elementy progra- 25 mów zintegrowanego zarządzania szkodnikami (IPM) i poświęca się im wiele praktycznej uwagi jako substytutom syntetycznych chemicznych środków ochrony roślin (PPP). [0005] Biopestycydy dzieli się na dwie główne klasy, pestycydy drobnoustrojowe i bio- chemiczne: (1) Pestycydy drobnoustrojowe składają się z bakterii, grzybów lub wirusów (i często 30 zawierają metabolity wytwarzane przez te bakterie i grzyby). Jako pestycydy drobnou- strojowe są również klasyfikowane entomopatogeniczne nicienie, mimo że są wielo- komórkowe. (2) Pestycydy biochemiczne są naturalnie występującymi substancjami, które zwalcza- ją szkodniki lub dostarczają innych zastosowań w ochronie upraw, jak zdefiniowano 35 poniżej, ale są stosunkowo nietoksyczne dla ssaków. [0006] Wcześniej opisano kilka pestycydów drobnoustrojowych zawierających bakterie tworzące zarodniki, takie jak Bacillus subtilis, do zwalczania fitopatogennych grzybów, patrz np. WO 1998/050422; WO 2000/029426; WO 1998/50422 i WO 2000/58442. [0007] W WO 2009/0126473 ujawniono dopuszczalne w rolnictwie wodne kompozycje 40 zawierające bakteryjne lub grzybowe zarodniki zawarte w wodnym/organicznym rozpusz- czalniku, i, które mogą ponadto zawierać środki do zwalczania owadów, pestycydy, fungi- cydy lub ich połączenia. Korzystnym gatunkiem są zarodniki bakterii z rodzaju Bacillus. [0008] W WO 2006/017361 ujawniono kompozycje do zwalczania patogenów roślinnych i zawierające co najmniej jedną korzystną bakterię, co najmniej jeden korzystny grzyb, co 45 najmniej jeden składnik odżywczy i co najmniej jeden związek, który przedłuża efektywny czas przydatności do użycia takiej kompozycji. Grupa korzystnych bakterii obejmuje m.in. bakterie Paenibacillus polymyxa i Paenibacillus durum. 2 [0009] EP-A-1 168 922 dotyczy kompozycji do wpływania na wzrost roślin i/lub nadawa- nia oporności na chorobę obejmujących co najmniej dwa wspomagające wzrost roślin szczepy Rhizobacteria i związek chitynowy, które to wspomniane szczepy są wybrane z rodzajów Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Brevibacillus, Virgibacillus, Alicyclobacillus i Aneurini- 5 bacillus. Jednak nie przedstawiono żadnych szczególnych szczepów Paenibacillus na po- parcie zastrzeganych połączeń. [0010] W WO 1999/059412 ujawniono szczep PKB1 Paenibacillus polymyxa (o nr dostę- pu w ATCC 202127) aktywny wobec kilku fitopatogennych grzybów. [0011] W WO 2006/016558 ujawniono szczepy BS-0048, BS-0074, BS-0277 Paenibacil- 10 lus sp. i szczep BS-0105 P. polymyxa, jak również fuzarycydynę A i fuzarycydynę B do ochrony roślin przed zakażeniami grzybami. Dalszy przeciwgrzybiczy szczep BRF-1 Pae- nibacillus został wyizolowany z ryzosfery soi (African J. Microbiol. Res. 4(24), 2692- 2698, 2010). [0012] W WO 2011/069227 ujawniono szczep JB05-01-1 P. polymyxa (o nr dostępu 15 ATCC w PTA-10436) mający silnie hamujący wpływ na patogenne bakterie, przeważnie przenoszone przez żywność ludzkie patogenne bakterie. [0013] Budi i in. (Appl Environ Microbiol, 1999, 65, 5148-5150) wyizolowali szczep B2 Paenibacillus sp. z mikoryzosfery Sorghum bicolor wykazujący antagonistyczne działanie wobec patogenów grzybowych przenoszonych przez glebę, takich jak Phytophthora para- 20 sitica. [0014] Szczep 11.D.3 Paenibacillus peoriae wyizolowany przez Delaporte, B. (Lab Cytol Veg, Paryż, Francja) i zdeponowany w otwartym zbiorze w Agricultural Research Service, USDA, U.S.A. pod numerem dostępu NRRL BD-62 (Int. J. Syst Bacteriol. 46(4), 988- 1003, 1996, zwany dalej również szczepem BD-62) z gleby w Cote d'lvoire wykazał ak- 25 tywność przeciwgrzybiczą przeciwko kilku fitopatogennym bakteriom i grzybom (J. Appl. Microbiol. 95, 1143-1151, 2003). NRRL jest skrótem od „Agricultural Research Service Culture Collection”, międzynarodowego organu depozytowego do celów deponowania szczepów mikroorganizmów w ramach TRAKTATU BUDAPESZTOWEGO W SPRA- WIE MIĘDZYNARODOWEGO UZNAWANIA DEPOZYTU MIKROORGANIZMÓW 30 DO CELÓW PROCEDURY PATENTOWEJ, o adresie National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, Illinois 61604, USA. [0015] Aktywność przeciwdrobnoustrojowa wielu szczepów Paenibacillus, tj. szczepu P. peoriae przeciwko licznym bakteryjnym, grzybiczym i drożdżowym patogenom została 35 opisana gdzie indziej (Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 43, 541-547, 2006). [0016] Raza i in. (Brazilian Arch. Biol. Techol. 53, 1145-1154, 2010; Eur. J. Plant Pa- thol.125: 471-483, 2009) opisali wytwarzanie związku typu fuzarycydyny przez szczep SQR-21 Paenibacillus polymyxa skutecznego przeciwko Fusarium oxysporum. [0017] Fuzarycydyny stanowią grupę antybiotyków wyizolowanych z Paenibacillus spp., 40 które należą do klasy cyklicznych lipodepsypeptydów. Ich wspólne cechy strukturalne, które są zachowane w całej rodzinie, są następujące: pierścień makrocykliczny składający się z 6 reszt aminokwasowych, z których trzy to L-Thr, D-allo-Thr i D-Ala, a także ogon z kwasu 15-guanidyno-3-hydroksypentadekanowego przyłączony do N-końcowej reszty L- Thr wiązaniem amidowym (ChemMedChem 7, 871-882, 2012; J. Microbiol. Meth. 85, 45 175-182, 2011, Tabela 1 tu). Związki te są poddane cyklizacji przez mostek laktonowy pomiędzy N-końcową grupą hydroksylową L-Thr a C-końcową grupą karbonylową D-Ala. Pozycja reszt aminokwasowych w cyklu depsypeptydu jest zazwyczaj numerowana zaczy- nając od wyżej wymienionego L-Thr, który sam niesie również łańcuch GHPD, a kończąc na C-końcowym D-Ala. Nieograniczające przykłady fuzarycydyn wyizolowanych z Pae- 50 nibacillus są oznaczone jako LI-F03, LI-F04, LI-F05, LI-F07 i LI-F08 (J. Antibiotics 40(11), 1506-1514, 1987; Heterocycles 53(7), 1533-1549, 2000; Peptides 32, 1917-1923, 2011) i fuzarycydyny A (zwaną również LI-F04a), B (zwaną również LI-F04b), C (zwaną 3 również LI-F03a) i D (zwaną również LI-F03b) (J. Antibiotics 49 (2), 129-135, 1996; J. Antibiotics 50 (3), 220-228, 1997). Łańcuch aminokwasowy fuzarycydyny nie jest wytwa- rzany rybosomalnie, ale jest wytwarzany przez syntetazę peptydu nierybosomalnego. Wzo- ry strukturalne znanych
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