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Beyond the Opinion: Supreme Court Justices and Extrajudicial Speech

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Beyond the Opinion: Supreme Court Justices and Extrajudicial Speech Chicago-Kent Law Review Volume 88 Issue 2 The Supreme Court and the American Article 12 Public April 2013 Beyond the Opinion: Supreme Court Justices and Extrajudicial Speech Christopher W. Schmidt IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cklawreview Part of the Law and Politics Commons, Legal History Commons, and the Supreme Court of the United States Commons Recommended Citation Christopher W. Schmidt, Beyond the Opinion: Supreme Court Justices and Extrajudicial Speech, 88 Chi.- Kent L. Rev. 487 (2013). Available at: https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cklawreview/vol88/iss2/12 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons @ IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chicago-Kent Law Review by an authorized editor of Scholarly Commons @ IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 108 Side A 05/13/2013 14:40:30 \\jciprod01\productn\c\ckt\88-2\5sh882.txt unknown Seq: 1 8-MAY-13 17:08 TOPIC 4 BEYOND THE WRITTEN OPINION: WHEN JUSTICES SPEAK TO THE PUBLIC 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 108 Side A 05/13/2013 14:40:30 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 108 Side B 05/13/2013 14:40:30 \\jciprod01\productn\c\ckt\88-2\5sh882.txt unknown Seq: 2 8-MAY-13 17:08 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 108 Side B 05/13/2013 14:40:30 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 109 Side A 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ͳͲǦ Ǧ ǤȋȌ ͷȀͳ͵ȀʹͲͳ͵ͳͲǣͶʹ ǣ Ǥ ȗ Ǥ ǯǦ Ǥ ͳͻ͵͹ǡ Ǥͳ ǤʹǦ ǯ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ͵ ȄDz ǡdzǤͶ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǤͷȋNewsweekǯ ǣ Dz ǡ Ǣ Ǥdz͸Ȍ ǡ Ǧ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 109 Side A 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ȗ ǡ Ǧ Ǣ ǡ Ǥ ǡ ǡ ǡǡǡ ǡǦ ǡǡ Ǥ ͳǤ ǯ Ǥǡ ǣ ʹ͵͵ǦͶ͸ȋͳͻͻͶȌǤ ʹǤ ǡBlackLifeMemberofKlan,WriterSaysAfterInquiryǡǤǡǤͳ͵ǡ ͳͻ͵͹ǡͳǤǡPittsburgPostǦGazetteǡǡ ǤSee,e.g.ǡJusticeBlackIsRecordedAsStillaMemberofKlanǡ ǤǤ ǡǤͳ͵ǡͳͻ͵͹ǡͳǤ ͵ǤǡsupraͳǡʹͶͻǦͷͷǤ ͶǤ ǡ Nation to Hear Black Defense on Klan Tonightǡ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ͳǡ ͳͻ͵͹ǡͷǤ ͷǤJusticeBlack’sSpeechǡǤǤ ǡ Ǥʹǡͳͻ͵͹ǡͳȋȌǤ ͸ǤIDidJoin,IResigned;TheCaseIsClosedǡǡ ͳͳǡͳͻ͵͹ǡͳʹǤ Ͷͺ͹ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 109 Side B 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ͳͲǦ Ǧ ǤȋȌ ͷȀͳ͵ȀʹͲͳ͵ͳͲǣͶʹ Ͷͺͺ CHICAGOǦKENTLAWREVIEW ȏͺͺǣʹ Ǧ Ǥ͹ ǡ Ǥͺ ǡ ǡ Ǥͻ ͳͻͶͲͳͻͷͲǡ Ǧ ǡ Ǥ ǤͳͲ ǤDz Ǧ ǡdzͳͻͷͻǡDz ǯǤdzͳͳ ǡǡ Ǧ ǡ ͳͻ͸Ͳ Ǥͳʹ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǥͳ͵ ǯ ǡ Ǧ Dz are Ǯǯ ǡ ǡ ǮǤǯdzͳͶ NewYorkTimesǡͳͷ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 109 Side B 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ͹Ǥ ǯ ǡsee Ƭ ǡKlansmanonthe Court: Justice Hugo Black’s 1937 Radio Address to the Nationǡ ͺͻ Ǥ Ǥ ͳͷͶ ȋʹͲͲ͵ȌǢ ǡ ǣ ǯ ͳͶͳǦͶʹ ȋʹͲͳͲȌǢǡsupraͳǡʹͷͺǦ͸͵Ǥ ͺǤSee Ǥ ǡ OutǦofǦCourt Commentary by United States Supreme Court Justices, 1790Ǧ1962:OfFreeSpeechandJudicialLockjawǡ͸ʹǤǤǤ͸͵͵ǡ͸ͷͻȋͳͻ͸ʹȌȋ ȌǢ ǡ Mr. Justice Black Reopens the Free SpeechDebateǡͳͳǤǤͳͺͻǡͳͺͻǦͻͲȋͳͻ͸ͶȌȋȌǤ ͻǤSee, e.g.ǡ ǡ supra ͺǡ ͸͵͵ ȋ ǡ ͳͻͷͻǡ DzȏȐ dzȌǤ ͳͲǤ ǡsupraͳǡͶͺͺǤ ͳͳǤ ǡsupraͳǡͶͺͺȋ Ǥ ǡ ͺǡ ͳͻͷͻȌǤ ͳʹǤ Ǥ ǡTheBillofRightsǡ͵ͷǤǤǤǤǤͺ͸ͷȋͳͻ͸ͲȌǤ ͳ͵Ǥ ǡsupraͳǡͶͺͺǢsee,e.g.ǡǤǡ͵͸ͲǤǤͳͲͻǡͳͶ͵ǦͶ͸ ȋͳͻͷͻȌ ȋ ǡ Ǥǡ Ȍ ȋ Ǧ ȌǤ ͳͶǤ ǡTheBillofRightsǡsupraͳʹǡͺ͸͹Ǥ ͳͷǤ ǡBlackCondemnsLimitonLibertyǡǤǤ ǡ Ǥͳͺǡͳͻ͸ͲǡͳǤ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 110 Side A 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ͳͲǦ Ǧ ǤȋȌ ͷȀͳ͵ȀʹͲͳ͵ͳͲǣͶʹ ʹͲͳ͵Ȑ EXTRAJUDICIALSPEECH Ͷͺͻ Ǥͳ͸ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǧ Ǥͳ͹ ͳͻ͸Ͳǡ ǡ Ǥ ͳͻ͸ͺǡǦ ǣ ǯ Ǧ ǡ ǤͳͺDz ǡdz ǯǤͳͻ ǡͳͻ͸ͺǦ ͳͷͲͲǡ ǤʹͲ Ǧ ǣDz ǯǡǮǡǤ Ǥǯ Ǥǯdzʹͳ ǣDzǡ ǯ ǯǤ ͶͲǤdzʹʹ A Constitutional FaithǤʹ͵ ǡ Ǥ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 110 Side A 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ͳ͸Ǥ See,e.g.ǡ ǡMr.JusticeBlack:TheUnobviousMeaningofPlainWordsǡ ǡǤͳͶǡͳͻ͸Ͳǡͳ͵Ǥ ͳ͹Ǥ ǡ ǤJusticeBlackand FirstAmendment“Absolutes”:APublicInterviewǡ͵͹ǤǤǤǤǤͷͶͻȋͳͻ͸ʹȌǤ ͳͺǤ ǤǡJusticeBlackDeniesChangeinBasicConstitutionalPhilosophyǡǤǤ ǡ Ǥʹͳǡͳͻ͸ͺǡͶ͵ȋDz ǡ ͵Ͳǡ dzȌǤ ͳͻǤ ǡsupraͳǡͷͺʹȋ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ͳ͹ǡ ͳͻ͸͹ȌǢ see also ǡ ͳͲ ȋͳͻ͸ͺȌ ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ ǡHugoBlack Can’tSeeHe’sChangedǡ ǤǡǤͳͶǡͳͻ͸ͺǡ͵Ǥ ǯ ǡseegeneralǦ ly ǡHugoBlack’sCivilRightsMovementǡin ǣ Ǥ ʹͶ͸Ǧ͸͸ȋǤ ƬǤ ǤǡʹͲͲͻȌǤ ʹͲǤ ǡsupraͳͺǤ ʹͳǤ Id. ʹʹǤ Id. ʹ͵Ǥ ǡ ǡsupraͳͻǤ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 110 Side B 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ͳͲǦ Ǧ ǤȋȌ ͷȀͳ͵ȀʹͲͳ͵ͳͲǣͶʹ ͶͻͲ CHICAGOǦKENTLAWREVIEW ȏͺͺǣʹ Ǧ ǡ ǯͳͻ͸ͺǤʹͶ Ǧ ǤǦ ǡ Ǥʹͷǡ ǡ Ǧ Ȅ Ǥʹ͸ Ǥ Ǧ ǡ Ǥʹ͹ ǡǡ Ǧ Ǥʹͺǡ Ǧ Ǥʹͻ Dz ǯ ǡdz ǤDzȏȐǤ ǡ Ǥdz͵Ͳ Ǧ ǡ Ǥ Dzǡ ǯǤǤǤǦǤǤǤ Ǥ ǤǤǤǡǡǯ Ǥ Ǥdz͵ͳ ǯBrownv.BoardofEducationǡ͵ʹ Dz dz ǡ͵͵ ǦǤ͵Ͷȋ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 110 Side B 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ʹͶǤ ǡsupraͳǡͷͺͶǦͺ͹Ǥ ʹͷǤ Id.ͷͺ͵ǦͺͶǤ ʹ͸Ǥ Id. ͷͺͶǢ Ǥ ǡ ͵ͶǦ͵ͷǡ ͶͲͺǦͳͳ ȋͳͻ͹͹Ȍȋ ͳͻ͸ͲȌǤ ʹ͹Ǥ ǡsupraͳǡͷͺͷǤ ʹͺǤ Ǥǡsupraʹ͸ǡͳͻǦ͵͹ǤǦ ͳͻ͸ͺ ȋǦ Ȍǡ ǤId.͵͹Ǥ ʹͻǤ ǡsupraʹ͸ǡ͵ͲǤ ͵ͲǤ JusticeBlackandtheBillofRightsǡͻǤǤǤǤͻ͵͹ǡͻ͵ͻȋͳͻ͹͹ȌǤ ͵ͳǤ Id. ͻͶ͹Ǥ Dz ǡ Ǥdz Ǥ ǡJusticeBlack:Centerof ControversyǡǤǤ ǡͳͳǡͳͻ͸ͺǡʹͳǤ ͵ʹǤ ͵ͶͻǤǤʹͻͶȋͳͻͷͷȌǤ ͵͵Ǥ Id.͵ͲͳǤ ͵ͶǤ JusticeBlackandtheBillofRightsǡsupra͵ͲǡͻͶͳǤ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 111 Side A 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ͳͲǦ Ǧ ǤȋȌ ͷȀͳ͵ȀʹͲͳ͵ͳͲǣͶʹ ʹͲͳ͵Ȑ EXTRAJUDICIALSPEECH Ͷͻͳ Ǧ Ǥ͵ͷȌ ǡͺʹǦǦ U.S.Reports Chambersv.Floridaǡ͵͸ Ǧ Ǥ͵͹ ǯ Ǥ͵ͺ Dz ǡdzBostonGlobeǤ͵ͻ ǦǦ Ǥ Ǧ ǡǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǥ ǡ ǯ ǦǦ ǡ Ǧ Ǥ ǯ ǡ Ǧ Ǥ Ǥ Ǥ ǯ ǡ ǯ ͶͲ Ǥ ǣ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 111 Side A 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ǦǦ ǡ ͵ͷǤ ǡ Black Believes Warren Phrase Slowed Integration: Black Believes Warren PhraseSlowedIntegrationǡǤǤ ǡ ǤͶǡͳͻ͸ͺǡͳǤ ͵͸Ǥ JusticeBlackandtheBillofRightsǡsupra͵ͲǡͻͷͲǤDz Ǧ ǡ ǡǡǡ Ǧ Ǥdz͵ͲͻǤǤʹʹ͹ǡʹͶͳȋͳͻͶͲȌǤ ͵͹Ǥ ǡsupraͳǡͷͺ͸Ǥ ͵ͺǤ Id. ͷͺ͹Ǥ Ǥ ͳǡͷͲͲ ǤǤ Ǥǣ Ǥ ʹͲͻǦͳͲȋͳͻͺ͸ȌǤ ͵ͻǤ Mr.JusticeBlackGoesonCameraǡǤ ǡ Ǥͺǡͳͻ͸ͺǡʹʹǤ ͶͲǤ ͳͻ͵͹ Ǧ ǡ ǡ Ǥ Ǧ Ǥ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 111 Side B 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ͳͲǦ Ǧ ǤȋȌ ͷȀͳ͵ȀʹͲͳ͵ͳͲǣͶʹ Ͷͻʹ CHICAGOǦKENTLAWREVIEW ȏͺͺǣʹ Ǧ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ Ǧ ǡ Ǧ ǡ Ǥ ǡ Ǧ ǡ Ǥ ǡ Ǧ Ǥ Ǧ ǡ ǡ ǡǡ ǡ Ǥ Ǧ Ǧ Ǧ Ǥ Ǧ Ǧ Ǥ ǯ ǡǡ Ǥ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 111 Side B 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ǯǡǡ Ǥ Ǥ ǡ ǯ Ǧ Ǥ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 112 Side A 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ͳͲǦ Ǧ ǤȋȌ ͷȀͳ͵ȀʹͲͳ͵ͳͲǣͶʹ ʹͲͳ͵Ȑ EXTRAJUDICIALSPEECH Ͷͻ͵ ǤͶͳ ǡ ǡ Ǧ Ǥ ǡ ǡǡ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ǡ ǯ ǡ ǡ ǡǡ Ǧ ǤͶʹ Ǥ Ǥ ȋ ǡ Ͷ͵Ȍ Ǥ ǣ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǧ ǤͶͶ ͶͳǤ See,e.g.ǡNonjudicialActivitiesofSupremeCourtJudgesandOtherFederalJudges:Hearings BeforetheSubcomm.onSeparationofPowers,S.Comm.ontheJudiciaryǡͻͳǤͳ͸ʹȋͳͻ͸ͻȌ ȋ Ǥ Ǥ Ȍ ȋ Dz dzȌǢ Ƭ ǡ ǣ ʹʹ͵ǡͶ͸ͳǦ͸ʹȋʹͲͳͲȌȋ ȌǢ ǡsupraͺǡ͸͵͵ȋȌǤ ͶʹǤ Dz 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No. 112 Side A 05/13/2013 14:40:30 ǡdz ǡ Ǥ ȋ ȌǤ See generally Ǥ Ƭ ǡ Oral DissentingontheSupremeCourtǡͳͻǤƬ Ǥ͹ͷȋʹͲͳͲȌǤ Ͷ͵Ǥ ʹͲͲ͸Ǧ ǯ ǤDaytoDay:JusticeScalia’sUnderǦ theǦChinGestureȋǡǤ͵ͲǡʹͲͲ͸Ȍǡ ǣȀȀǤǤȀȀȀǤǫ αͷ͵ͳʹͲ͸ͷǤǢDz ǡdz . ǡ How Do You Solve the Problem of Scalia?ǡ ȋǤ ͵Ͳǡ ʹͲͲ͸Ȍǡ ǣȀȀǤǤ Ȁ Ȁ̴̴ Ȁ ȀʹͲͲ͸ȀͲ͵Ȁ̴̴̴̴ ̴̴̴ ǤȌǤ Ǧ BostonHerald Dz ǤdzId. DzȏȐ ǡ Ȅ Ǯ ǤǯdzId. ͶͶǤ ͳͻ͸ͲǡDz dzDzǦ ǦǦ Ǥdz ǡ supra ͺǡ ͸͵ͷǦ͵͸Ǥ ǡ ǡid.͸ͷͲǦͷͶǡͳͻʹͲͳͻ͵Ͳǡid.͸ͷͶǦͷ͸Ǥ 33531-ckt_88-2 Sheet No.
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