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And the Long Shadow of the Peninsular War Against Napoleon
The Portuguese Expeditionary Corps in France (1917-18) and the Long Shadow of the Peninsular War against Napoleon Filipe Ribeiro de Meneses1 Abstract The dispatch of the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps (CEP) to France in 1917 was envisaged by Portuguese interventionists as an affirmation of Portugal’s desire to reclaim an independent role in world affairs, emerging from the shadow of British influence. However, the CEP relied on the much larger British Expeditionary Force for instruction, supply, and guidance. The relationship between the two armies was fraught with difficulty and cultural misunderstandings due in large measure to a very different reading of their joint campaign against Napoleon in the Peninsular War, fought a century earlier. The British desire to correct the CEP’s shortcomings was interpreted within the CEP as a desire to subjugate the Portuguese and to take credit for whatever they might accomplish on the battlefield. Keywords World War One; Portugal; Beresford; Armies; Memory Resumo O envio do Corpo Expedicionário Português (CEP) para França, em 1917, representou, para a corrente intervencionista portuguesa, a afirmação do desejo nacional de recuperar um papel independente na cena mundial, libertando Portugal da influência britânica. Porém, o CEP dependia da Força Expedicionária Britânica, muito maior do que ele, para a sua instrução, abastecimento e liderança. A relação entre os dois exércitos ficou marcada por dificuldades várias e desentendimentos culturais que resultavam em parte de leituras diferentes da campanha comum, um século antes, contra Napoleão, durante a Guerra Peninsular. O desejo britânico de corrigir os defeitos do CEP foi interpretado no seio deste como uma vontade de subjugar os Portugueses e ficar com os louros por eles conquistados no campo de batalha. -
Special List 391 1
special list 391 1 RICHARD C.RAMER Special List 391 Military 2 RICHARDrichard c. C.RAMER ramer Old and Rare Books 225 east 70th street . suite 12f . new york, n.y. 10021-5217 Email [email protected] . Website www.livroraro.com Telephones (212) 737 0222 and 737 0223 Fax (212) 288 4169 November 9, 2020 Special List 391 Military Items marked with an asterisk (*) will be shipped from Lisbon. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED: All items are understood to be on approval, and may be returned within a reasonable time for any reason whatsoever. VISITORS BY APPOINTMENT special list 391 3 Special List 391 Military Regulations for a Military Academy 1. [ACADEMIA MILITAR, Santiago de Chile]. Reglamento de la Academia Militar ... [text begins:] Debiendo el Director de la Academia militar someterse al reglamento que por el articulo 3º del decreto de 19 de julio del presente ano ha de servirle de pauta .... [Santiago de Chile]: Imprenta de la Opinion, dated 29 August 1831. 4°, early plain wrap- pers (soiled, stained). Caption title. Light stains and soiling. In good condition. 33 pp. $500.00 FIRST and ONLY EDITION of these regulations for the second incarnation of the Academia Militar, ancestor of Chile’s present Escuela Militar. They specify admission requirements, a four-year course of study with the content of each course (pp. 17-24) and the exams (pp. 24-28), what the cadets will be doing every hour of every day, and even how often they will shave and change their linen. Also covered are the duties of the director, sub-director, faculty, chaplain, surgeon, bursar, and doorman. -
Special List 341: the Peninsular
special list 341 1 RICHARD C.RAMER Special List 341 The Peninsular War 2 RICHARDrichard c. C.RAMER ramer Old and Rare Books 225 east 70th street . suite 12f . new york, n.y. 10021-5217 Email [email protected] . Website www.livroraro.com Telephones (212) 737 0222 and 737 0223 Fax (212) 288 4169 July 22, 2019 Special List 341 The Peninsular War Items marked with an asterisk (*) will be shipped from Lisbon. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED: All items are understood to be on approval, and may be returned within a reasonable time for any reason whatsoever. VISITORS BY APPOINTMENT special list 341 3 Special List 341 The Peninsular War 1. [ACADEMICO TRANSMONTANO, Um]. Ode. [after quotes from Claudian and Camões, text begins:] Transmontanos guerreiros! Quando trôa / O sonóro clarim da Independencia .... N.p.: n.pr., (1809?). 8°, stitched, with paper reinforcement at spine. Uncut. Fine. Old ink number “122” in upper inner corner of first leaf recto, on paper reinforcement. 8 pp. $200.00 FIRST and ONLY EDITION. We have been able to locate only one other copy, in the Fundo Barca-Oliveira at the Biblioteca Pública de Braga. The work probably dates to 1809, when Marshal Soult invaded Portugal from the north and was temporarily repulsed by Portuguese militia at the Minho River. Page 3 includes the lines, “em Tras-os-Montes / SEPULVEDA immortal o brado alçando, / Proclama a Liberdade!” Porbase identifies “Academico Transmontano” as Antonio Pimentel Soares, but since he was born in 1804, this cannot be the same author. ❊ Biblioteca Pública de Braga, Catálogo do Fundo Barca-Oliveira, p. -
Napoleonic Wars Chair: Sarah Dinovelli
Napoleonic Wars Chair: Sarah Dinovelli Napoleonic Wars PMUNC 2015 Contents Chair’s Letter………………………………………………………...…..4 Historical Overview ………………………..……………..……………..6 Origins of the Napoleonic Wars………………………………………….…...........6 War of the First Coalition………….…………….………………………..…....…..7 War of the Second Coalition ....……………………………..…………...…........…7 War of the Third Coalition……………………………………………………....….7 The Rise of Napoleon…………………………...…………………............….........8 The Situation:……………………………………..……………………...8 Dispute Over Territory East of the Rhone….………………………………..……..8 Republican Movements …………………....………………………………............8 The Reconstruction of Europe….. ………………………………………..……......9 Guiding Questions……………………………………………..…...…...11 Positions ………………………………………………………………. 12 Bibliography …………………………………………………………....16 2 Napoleonic Wars PMUNC 2015 Chair’s Letter Highly Esteemed Allies, It is my honor and privilege to welcome you to Vienna for the Fourth Coalition Strategy Meetings. Indeed this location is the most central, and therefore the most accessible place for us to convene. But I think that the memory of Austerlitz, which is especially fresh in this city, will serve as a constant reminder of the severity of our cause. Not only are we fighting for the political stability of Europe, but also for the millions of people who are currently suffering under the French’s radical regime. Of course, our main goal is to crush the French army and reassert the dominance of autocracy in Europe. To allow the delusion that democracy will improve Europe to continue will only lead to more Napoleons and more chaos. However, we must also remain vigilant in our own nations. Unfortunately, not all Europeans can see the doom democracy would bring, and have begun stirring unrest. We must maintain order at home for us to be successful abroad. And finally, my friends, we must plan how we shall deal with France once we win this war. -
Entre El Dos De Mayo Y Napoleón En Chamartín: Los Avatares De La Guerra Penin- Sular Y La Intervención Británica
REVISTA DE HISTORIA MILITAR INSTITUTO DE HISTORIA Y CULTURA MILITAR NUESTRA PORTADA: Anverso del folleto de convocatoria del seminario Los franceses en Madrid, 1808, cele- brado en el Instituto de Historia y Cultura Mili- tar en Mayo de 2004. INSTITUTO DE HISTORIA Y CULTURA MILITAR Año XLIX 2005 Núm. extraordinario Los artículos y documentos de esta Revista no pueden ser traducidos ni reproducidos sin la autorización previa y escrita del Instituto de Historia y Cultura Militar. La Revista declina en los autores la total responsabilidad de sus opiniones. Edita: NIPO: 076-05-057-X (edición en papel) NIPO: 076-05-082-8 (edición en línea) ISSN: 0482-5748 Depósito Legal: M-7667-1958 administración Imprime: Imprenta Ministerio de Defensa electrónica Tirada: 1000 ejemplares Fecha de edición: junio 2005 Sumario Páginas PRESENTACIÓN ........................................................................... 7 Prólogo de don Emilio de DIEGO GARCÍA .............................. 9 PONENCIAS: La España de 1808: entre el mito y la realidad, por don Emilio de DIEGO GARCÍA, profesor de la Universidad Complu- tense de Madrid y Presidente de la AEGI .......................... 13 El desmoronamiento del antiguo régimen y las opciones institucio- nales de los españoles, por don Enrique MARTÍNEZ RUIZ, profesor de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid . 35 La intervención británica: ayuda material y diplomática, por doña Alicia LASPRA RODRÍGUEZ, profesora de la Universidad de Oviedo ....................................................... 59 El General y el Gobierno, la intervención británica en España en 1808, por don Charles ESDAILE, profesor de la Univer- sidad de Liverpool .............................................................. 79 La guerra peninsular de 1808: del entusiasmo victorioso a la fus- tración, por don Andrés CASINELLO, teniente general del Ejército de Tierra ......................................................... -
Anglo-Portuguese Relations on the Western Front: the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps and the British High Command (Part I)
First World War Studies ISSN: 1947-5020 (Print) 1947-5039 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rfww20 Anglo-Portuguese relations on the Western Front: the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps and the British High Command (part I) Filipe Ribeiro de Meneses To cite this article: Filipe Ribeiro de Meneses (2017) Anglo-Portuguese relations on the Western Front: the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps and the British High Command (part I), First World War Studies, 8:2-3, 173-187, DOI: 10.1080/19475020.2017.1393345 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/19475020.2017.1393345 Published online: 26 Oct 2017. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 105 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rfww20 FIRST WORLD WAR STUDIES, 2017 VOL. 8, NOS. 2–3, 173–187 https://doi.org/10.1080/19475020.2017.1393345 Anglo-Portuguese relations on the Western Front: the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps and the British High Command (part I) Filipe Ribeiro de Meneses Department of History, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY The Portuguese Expeditionary Corps [C.E.P.] was the centrepiece of Received 23 November 2016 Portugal’s intervention in the First World War. It was despatched to Accepted 13 October 2017 France in order to secure international plaudits for Portugal and its KEYWORDS young republican regime, in place since October 1910. This political Portugal; Great Britain; objective required the C.E.P. to be as independent a force as possible. Western Front; command; Unfortunately, the C.E.P. -
Gomes Freire De Andrade (1757-1817): O Militar
Gomes Freire de Andrade (1757-1817): O Militar Tenente-coronel Pedro Marquês de Sousa Introdução Recordar a vida militar de um “general sem medo” é sempre um trabalho difícil, pois esta figura, pela sua singularidade, é por princípio sempre polémica e vítima das paixões e dos ódios que a motivaram. Mas como “felizmente há memória” a história pode recordar a carreira de um militar que foi realmente extraordinário e singular no quadro dos militares portugueses do seu tempo, principalmente pela experiência que viveu como combatente nos principais conflitos internacionais que marcaram a mudança para a idade contemporânea: “Entre as qualidades eminentes que distinguiram Gomes Freire de Andrade de muitos dos seus contemporâneos, devem destacar-se: o estranho amor à carreira das armas, o constante desejo de estudar o progresso da técnica militar do seu tempo e a grande ambição de se aperfeiçoar no desempenho da sua nobre profissão de oficial do [1] Exército” . A sua atividade como militar merece ser mais estudada e conhecida, desde logo, por ter servido durante um período de mudanças profundas na atividade militar, ao nível da tática, organização, recrutamento e, enfim, de modo geral, no pensamento militar. Além de outras qualidades de militar “operacional”, destacamos a singularidade de ter servido na componente naval e na terrestre, recebendo a influência das melhores escolas da sua época: a inglesa, na componente naval, e a prussiana e a francesa, ao nível do exército, quando serviu a Rússia (1788-1790) e, mais tarde, a França (1808-1813). -
Special List 347: Astronomy & Mathematics
special list 347 1 RICHARD C.RAMER Special List 347 Astronomy & Mathematics 2 RICHARDrichard c. C.RAMER ramer Old and Rare Books 225 east 70th street . suite 12f . new york, n.y. 10021-5217 Email [email protected] . Website www.livroraro.com Telephones (212) 737 0222 and 737 0223 Fax (212) 288 4169 September 16, 2019 Special List 347 Astronomy & Mathematics Items marked with an asterisk (*) will be shipped from Lisbon. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED: All items are understood to be on approval, and may be returned within a reasonable time for any reason whatsoever. VISITORS BY APPOINTMENT special list 347 3 Special List 347 Astronomy & Mathematics Spanish Royal Binding Printed on Pale Blue Paper 1. Almanaque náutico y efemérides astronómicas para el año de 1835, calculadas de orden de S.M. para el Observatorio Real de Marina de la ciudad de San Fernando. Madrid: En la Imprenta Real, 1832. 8°, contemporary crimson morocco (minor wear to edges near corners), richly gilt with Spanish royal arms on covers and elegant roll-tooled border (two corners a bit bumped, otherwise pristine), smooth spine richly gilt, burgundy leather lettering piece, gilt letter, edges of boards milled, marbled endleaves, all text block edges gilt. Engraved Spanish royal arms on title page. Printed on pale blue paper. In very fine condition. Bookplate of Oscar E. Carbone. Another unidentified bookplate with initials F.V. (1 blank l., 3 ll.), 228 pp. $3,800.00 FIRST and ONLY EDITION. A lovely copy of the forty-fourth in a series of almanacs first published in 1792, “indispensable para los Navegantes, conveniente en sumo grado á los que se dedican á la Astronomía práctica” (from the Prefacio). -
The Liberal Revolution of 1820 (A Revolução Liberal De 1820)
The Liberal Revolution of 1820 (A revolução Liberal de 1820) Bilingual book by José Luís Cardoso Published by CTT – Clube do Colectionador dos Correos José Luis Cardoso's admirable bilingual book - The Liberal Revolution of 1820 - walks us through the steps leading up to Constitutionalism in Portugal. This short review aims at summarising the meaning and scope of what actually took place during this very unstable and intricate time in Portuguese history. On 24th August 1820, the Portuguese troops based in Oporto gathered together to show their opposition to the Regency that governed the country in the name of King Joao VI. They demanded the return of the king to Portugal from Rio de Janeiro and the entrusting to a provisional governing body the mandate of preparing a new Constitution for the country. Those working towards this new regime preferred the word “Regeneration” to the word Revolution which had many negative connotations, one of which was the circular route leading back to its starting point. If the violent anti-monarchical, anti-clerical and anti- aristocratic fight against the “ancien régime” typified the French Revolution of 1789, the protagonists in Portugal were adamant that they wanted to establish peacefully new universal rights for most of the citizens and to disengage the country from the yoke of English commercial domination. The substantial increase in productivity and prosperity associated with the British Industrial Revolution, the ever-growing use of capital and technology applied to the industrial sector, the introduction of the steam engine and its practical motive-power applications in all walks of life, and the new forms of organisation and use of labour were all leading to a significant increase in the supply of manufactured goods. -
Citizenship and Political Representation (3).Pdf
Citizenship and Political Representation in Portugal 1820 1926 Citizenship and Political Representation in Portugal 1820 1926 Edited by Fernando Catroga Pedro Tavares de Almeida Exhibition TITLE Res Publica: Citizenship and Political Representation in Portugal, 1820-1926 ASSEMBLEIA DA REPÚBLICA president – Jaime Gama secretary-general – Adelina Sá Carvalho BIBLIOteca NaciONAL DE PORTUGAL general-director – Jorge Couto SCIENTIFIC COmmissiONers Fernando Catroga Pedro Tavares de Almeida DOcumeNT researcH Joana Duarte Bernardes Marta Carvalho dos Santos Paulo Jorge Fernandes Assembleia da República Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal 6 October 2010 to 31 January 2011 7 October 2010 to 15 January 2011 GENeral COORDINatiON GENeral COORDINatiON Rui Costa (Director of Documentation, Manuela Rêgo (Cultural Activities Information and Communication Services) Service Coordinator) and Teresa Fonseca (Head of Publications Division) EXecutiVE COMMITTEE EXecutiVE COMMITTEE Carlos Abreu, Luís Sá, Manuela Rêgo Susana Oliveira, Teresa Fonseca COLLABOratOrs COLLABOratOrs Preservation and Restoration Division Parliamentary History Archive Digital Content Management Service Library of the Assembleia da República Public Relations Service Museum of the Assembleia da República Technical Support Service PUBLICITY AND EDucatiONAL SERVices EXHIBITION DesigN Citizens Information Centre – Assembleia José Maria Saldanha da Gama da República Public Relations Division (Cultural Activities Service) EXHIBITION DesigN INstallatiON TVM Designers and Sofia Henriques Cultural Activities Service CONstructiON AND INstallatiON Eurostand TraNSPOrt Urbanos Catalogue ASSEMBLEIA DA REPÚBLICA NatiONAL LibrarY OF POrtugal – president – Jaime Gama CatalOguiNG-IN-PublicatiON Data secretary-general – Adelina Sá Carvalho RES PUBLICA Res publica: citizenship and political representation in Portugal, BIBLIOteca NaciONAL DE PORTUGAL 1820-1926 / eds. Fernando Catroga, Pedro Tavares de Almeida, general-director – Jorge Couto Lisbon : Assembly of the Republic : National Library of Portugal, 2010. -
The Life of General Pamplona a Presentation by General Rui Moura, O.A
The life of General Pamplona A presentation by General Rui Moura, O.A. Introduction and early life Manoel Ignácio Martins Pamplona Corte Real (1762-1832) belongs to a group of historical personalities about whom relatively little is known. Rui Moura showed in his presentation that the image of General Pamplona is influenced by the ideal of a romantic hero which, as far as can be judged from historical sources, is far from the reality. Nevertheless, his place in Portuguese history certainly deserves greater attention, because he played a relevant role in the troubled period between the end of the Old Regime and the beginning of the Liberal Regime in the 1820s and 1830s. He was Prime Minister and also minister for several other portfolios, including Minister of War, under D. João VI; a member of the Constituent Cortes, Portugal’s first effective Parliament (1821-1822), and he was elevated to the status of Count of Subserra. He was also Portugal’s Ambassador to Madrid. Rui Moura considered that Pamplona led an adventurous and captivating life. Before his impressive, but often contradictory, political career, he served in the Portuguese, Russian and French armies, achieving the rank of General in both Portugal and France. He was also a writer, translator, and publicist of his own works; a naturalised French citizen; and a French nobleman, having been given the title of Baron de Pamplona by Louis XVIII. From parish records Pamplona was born in Angra do Heroísmo on Terceira in the Azores in 1762, although other sources suggest 1760, which appears more likely. -
PENINSULAR WAR – a GLOBAL WAR for PORTUGAL1 Nuno Lemos Pires During Its Long History, Portugal Has Endured All Types of War, I
1 PENINSULAR WAR – A GLOBAL WAR FOR PORTUGAL Nuno Lemos Pires During its long history, Portugal has endured all types of war, including wars to maintain its independence. These wars at times were concentrated in one region and at others spread across the globe. The “First Portuguese Global War”, from 1640 to 1668, also called “Campaigns of the Restoration (or Acclamation – for independence)” in which Portugal fought for more than 28 years in Europe, Brazil, Africa and Asia, in a Herculean effort that guaranteed Portugal’s survival as an independent and sovereign nation. In the “Second Portuguese Global War”2, Portugal with her allies fought against France (and allies) globally. This war was much more than the 3 years of the French Invasions or the 7 years of the Peninsular War. The War lasted for 24 years from 1793 till 1817 forcing Portugal into a prolonged and exhausting effort on land and at sea; in Brazil, Africa, the Mediterranean, India, Spain, France, Prussia and even on the frozen steppes of Russia. Like so many times in Lusophone history, the Portuguese endured great pain, sacrifice and suffering, but in the end, prevailed. Portugal did not decide to go to war; the war came to Portugal and forced its participation. In the XVIII Century, the old policy of neutrality in European conflicts was no longer possible. Portugal had to participate in Queen Ann’s War (1701-1714), in the Matapan’s campaign (1717), the Seven Years War (1756-63), and in the last decade of the XVIII Century, Portugal participated in this global conflict that started immediately after the French Revolution in 1789.