FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA HUNGARICA ROVARTANI KÖZLEMÉNYEK Volume 72 2011 Pp

FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA HUNGARICA ROVARTANI KÖZLEMÉNYEK Volume 72 2011 pp. 17−30

Redescription of Phylloxerina populi (del Guercio) (Hemiptera: Phylloxeroidea) with notes on other aphids of Hungary

G. RIPKA

Central Agricultural Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, Department of Pest Management Development and Coordination, H-1118 Budapest, Budaörsi út 141–145, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected]

– Phylloxerina populi (DEL GUERCIO, 1900) was collected from Populus × canescens and Populus alba, and is redescribed and illustrated. On P. × canescens this species pro- duces wax and lives in bark crevices, on branches under the scales of dead females of Chionaspis salicis (LINNAEUS, 1758), and in the edge of wounds. On P. alba it was found in woody bud and stem galls caused by Aceria populi (NALEPA, 1890). Differential diagnosis is provided to the three Phylloxerina species known from Hungary. Amphorophora gei (BÖRNER, 1939) and Phylloxera foaae BÖRNER, 1909 are new species for the fauna of Hun- gary. New faunistic data on some aphid taxa from this country are given. With 25 figures.

– Phylloxeridae, Phylloxerina, morphology, gray poplar, white poplar, Hun- gary.

INTRODUCTION

The superfamily Phylloxeroidea (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) con- tains two extant families of aphids, the Phylloxeridae and Adelgidae. The family Phylloxeridae includes 7 genera, viz. Acanthochermes KOLLAR, 1848, Aphanostigma BÖRNER, 1909, Foaiella BÖRNER, 1909, Moritziella BÖRNER, 1908, Phylloxera BOYER DE FONSCOLOMBE, 1834, Phylloxerina BÖRNER, 1908 and Viteus SHIMER, 1867. According to the last comprehensive books on

Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 18 G. Ripka tree- and shrub-dwelling aphids a total of 1 Acanthochermes,2Aphanostigma, 1 Foaiella,2Moritziella, about 60 Phylloxera,8Phylloxerina and 1 Viteus species live on the families Fagaceae, Juglandaceae, Nyssaceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae and Vitaceae (BLACKMAN &EASTOP 1994, 2006). They are highly host specific. More than half of the species were described in North America. In Europe all genera are represented by 1 species, except for Phylloxera (8 species) and Phylloxerina (4 species) (NIETO NAFRÍA &BINAZZI 2011). Members of Phylloxeridae are the smallest aphids (about 1 mm of body length) with rather low moving capability compared with other groups of aphids. Only a few phylloxerid species are known from the fauna of Hungary. The presently recognized four genera, Acanthochermes, Phylloxera, Phyllo- xerina and Viteus are represented by seven species, all develop on woody host plants (e.g. Quercus, Salix, Populus and Vitis)(RIPKA et al. 1998, SZELEGIEWICZ &SZALAY-MARZSÓ 2000, RIPKA 2001, 2008). Out of them grape phylloxera, Viteus (= Daktulosphaira) vitifoliae (FITCH, 1855) is a globally important major pest of cultivated grapes. RIPKA et al. (1993, 1998) reported Phylloxerina salicis (LICHTENSTEIN, 1884) from Salix alba, and Phylloxerina capreae BÖRNER, 1942 from Salix caprea and Salix viminalis. In the Fauna Europaea database Ph. capreae is reported from Germany, Po- land and Sweden, Phylloxerina salicis from Estonia, Germany, Italy, Latvia, Moldova, Poland, Sardinia, Sicily, the Netherlands and France (IGLISCH 1965a), but strangely Hungary is not mentioned. Phylloxerina populi (DEL GUERCIO, 1900) was described from Italy from Populus alba, and has been reported from Moldova (DEL GUERCIO 1900, BONFIGLI 1909, BÖRNER 1952, BLACKMAN &EASTOP 1994, NIETO NAFRÍA &BINAZZI 2011). RIPKA (2001) reported it also from Hungary, collected from gray polar (Populus × canescens). The Hungarian aphid and phylloxerid fauna consisting of 595 species is considerably explored (RIPKA 2008, 2010). From white poplar (Populus alba) no phylloxerid species was reported in Hungary. The larva, embryo and egg of Ph. populi have not been illustrated till now.

Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 Redescription of Phylloxerina populi (Hemiptera: Phylloxeroidea) 19

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Continuing the aphid and mite survey on ornamental trees and shrubs of streets, squares, parks, botanical gardens, private gardens, forests and green-belt in all districts of the city of Budapest and in other localities of Hungary new samples were taken from the plants showing the presence of aphid and symptoms of mite feeding. Samples from different woody and herbaceous plants were collected in plastic bags during the growing season in the last two decades. All the plant material was examined with binocular stereomicroscope (upper and lower surfaces of the leaves, petioles, buds, bark, flowers, galls, etc.). Aphids found on the plant were put into vials containing 70% ethyl alcohol. In laboratory after boiling the aphids for some minutes in 70% ethyl alcohol they were put in 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution. Insect bodies were cleaned by boiling them again and by pressing them to the necessary extent. Having rinsed the macerated animals with distilled water, they were mounted in Hoyer’s mounting medium containing sorbitol. Two other methods were also used for mounting. One of them is the resin based mounting method for scale insects. Specimens were cleared in 10% potassium hydroxide solution by boiling them. Then the phylloxerids were stained in equal portions of acid fuchsin, erythrosin, and lignin pink in aqueous solution, dehydrated in a series of graded ethyl alcohol baths and clove oil, mounted in Canada balsam. The second procedure is a mounting method for mites: phylloxerids found on the plant samples were put directly into lactic acid (for 2–4 weeks at room temperature to the desired extent), then placed into Hoyer’s medium. The F-medium (KEIFER 1975) was alternatively used for mounting the specimens. The microscope-slide preparations were dried (for 2–4 weeks) at room temperature, and then sealed with commercial nail varnish (UPTON 1991). Specimens were examined with a phase-contrast compound microscope (Nikon Eclipse E 600), supplied with drawing attachment (Nikon Y-IDT). In order to identify the phylloxerid species works by DEL GUERCIO (1900), BONFIGLI (1909), GRASSI (1912), IGLISCH (1965b), BLACKMAN &EASTOP (1994), also SZELEGIEWICZ &SZALAY-MARZSÓ (2000) were used. For the identification of aphidoid species the books of HEIE (1986, 1994, 1995) and BLACKMAN &EASTOP (1994, 2006) were used. Classification, species and genus names of aphids and phylloxerids were given according to NIETO NAFRÍA &BINAZZI (2011) and BLACKMAN &EASTOP (2011). Terminology and setal notation used in the morphological descriptions are those of ANDERSON &BROMLEY (1987), MIYAZAKI (1987), ILHARCO & VAN HARTEN (1987) and BLACKMAN &EASTOP (1994, 2006). The number of measured specimens (n) is given in parentheses in the body length. All measurements of phylloxerids are given in micro- meters. Measurements and means are rounded off the nearest integer. All measurements, unless stated otherwise, are length. Because some measurements of redescribed specimen could not be made, due to the position of the mounted specimen, means are reported with range in parentheses. The scientific names of host plants were given according to KIRÁLY (2009).

Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 20 G. Ripka

REDESCRIPTION

Phylloxerina populi (DEL GUERCIO, 1900) (Figs 1–25)

Diagnosis – All forms and immature stages are apterous. All virginoparous females are oviparous. Small, light yellow to ochre, oval or pear-shaped body with faceted wax pore plates on head, thorax and abdomen. Cauda and siphunculi absent. Covered with white wax wool in part. Pointed setae on head, thorax and abdomen. Antennae 3-segmented. Short legs, long rostrum. Not visited by ants.

Apterous virginoparous oviparous female – Oval or pear-shaped body, broadest ante- riorly 640 (530–697, n = 5), when mounted, 383 (337–427) wide. Colour in life light yellow to ochre. Colour when macerated: pale except for brown legs and antennae. In life waxy sec- retions occur as white tufts on head, thorax and abdomen. Length of wax filaments 40–100. Flocculent wax loosely ties on dorsal surface. Moving females often lose it. Approximately 30% of specimens without wax filaments. Faceted wax pore plates on head also on all thoracic nota and dorsal abdominal segments, usually with 1, sometimes 2, rarely 3 hairs. Shape of wax pore plates on head and pronotum round, on mesonotum, metanotum and abdominal tergites elliptical. Numbers of facets vary in wide range depending on age of females. Head: Frontal setae pointed, 7 (6–7). Discal setae of vertex pointed, 7 (6–8). Eyes triommatidia. On either side, two wax pore plates fused close to triommatidia, therefore with 2 setae. Head with 23–59 facets in spinal wax pore plates, and 39–147 facets in wax pore plates next to triommatidia (Fig. 13). Antennae 3-segmented 88 (85–95), 0.13–0.16 times body length; first and second antennal segments with 1 and 2 pointed setae, respectively; third segment with 7 setae, small round primary rhinarium without cilia, and 3 minute round secondary rhinaria on apex of terminal segment (Figs 1–2). Setae on ultimate segment pointed, longest on apex 7 (7–7.5). Second antennal segments ventroapically bearing single, minute and round rhinariella (or sensillum). Third antennal segment with spinulose imbri- cations. Length of antennal segments: I, 22 (21–24); II, 23 (22–25); III, 41 (40–44). Rost- rum 315 (235–395), usually not reaching anal plate (in ’normal’ rectracted position); apical rostral segment obtuse, 117 (100–130). Ultimate rostral segment (IV + V) with three pairs of primary setae, and a pair of secondary setae, 6 (5–8). 2 apodeme setae, 1–2 (Fig. 4). Rost- rum is in body contact on middle ventral area of abdominal segments. Therefore middle part of thoracic and abdominal ventral cuticular surface smooth, without pattern or imbri- cations. Ultimate rostral segment 2.8–4 × its basal width 34 (25–45), and longer than antenna. Fifth rostral segment (V) with 4 pairs apical setae. One pair of them longer and blunt peg-like (rod-shaped) setae, three pairs minute, thin and pointed setae. Thorax: Pronotum with 2 pairs of spinal, 2 pairs of pleural and 2 pairs of marginal wax pore plates in 2 rows (Figs 14–16). Setae on them, of same shape and length as poste- rior setae of vertex. Membrane dorsally between head and pronotum. Mesonotum with a pair of spinal, pleural and 2 pairs of marginal wax pore plates. Metanotum with a pair of spinal, pleural and 2 pairs of marginal wax pore plates. Marginal wax pore plates often fused on thoracic nota. Pronotum with 18–100, 17–127, and 13–88 facets in spinal, pleural

Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 Redescription of Phylloxerina populi (Hemiptera: Phylloxeroidea) 21 and marginal wax pore plate, respectively. A pair of spiracle (stigma) each on meso- and metathorax near coxae of first (fore) and second (middle) leg, also second and third (hind) leg (Fig. 11). Mesonotum and metanotum usually with supplementary wax pore plate between spinal and pleural wax pore plates, adjacent to spinal wax pore plates. Fused marginal wax pore plates on pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum, 2 sometimes 3 setae on each wax pore plate. Between spinal wax pore plates of mesonotum with single supplementary seta. Coxal wax pore plates on all thoracic segments, well developed on mesosternum, inconspicuous on pro- and metasternum. Legs normal. Trochanters and femora fused. First leg, 141 (137–145). First segments of tarsi each with 2 ventral and no dorsal setae. Second segment of first tarsus with 4 ventral, 2 lateral and 3 dorsal setae, and dorsobasally with a minute, convex and round sensorial pore or sensillum. Five setae narrow spatulate on this segment, two pointed (dorsal), two peg-like or rod-shaped (ventral). Each tarsus with well developed, bifid tarsal claws. Tibial setae pointed. Second leg, 142 (139–147). Third leg, 161 (152–170). First tarsal segment, 8 (7–9); second tarsal segment, 23 (21–25). On second segment of tarsus of second and third legs six setae narrow spatulate, one pointed (dorsal), two peg-like (ventral). Length of spatulate dorsal setae on second tarsal segment of hind leg 13 (11–16). Each trochanter with 1 ventral seta and 2 round sensilla (pseudosensoria). Trochantero-femoral suture hardly vi- sible. Femur, tibia and second tarsal segment of hind leg with rows of spinules. Abdomen: Abdominal tergites I-VIII each with a pair of spinal, pleural and marginal wax pore plates. First abdominal segment with 15–90, 15–49 and 14–54 facets in spinal, pleural and marginal wax pore plate, respectively. Abdominal tergites I-II-III usually with supplementary wax pore plate between spinal and pleural wax pore plates, adjacent to spinal wax pore plates (Figs 17–19). On second and third abdominal tergites, sometimes also on fourth and fifth tergites a single seta between the spinal wax pore plates. Dorsal abdominal setae pointed; spinal setae, 6 (6–7); pleural setae, 6 (5–6); marginal setae, 6 (5–7). Wax pore plates on ventral abdominal segments absent. Siphunculi and cauda absent. Anal plate with 12 setae. Genital plate with 6 setae (Fig. 10). Male – Not observed.

Larva – Colour in life is yellow, with (30%) and without (70%) wax filaments. 380 (350–415, n = 4), 194 (177–210) wide, 187 thick. Head: Long rostrum 284 (280–289), extending considerably over anal plate. Apical rostral segment 108 (105–114), with a pair secondary setae, 16 (15–17) (Fig. 7). Ultimate rostral segment 4 (3.4–6) × its basal width 27 (17–34), and its length subequal to that of antenna. Antennae 3-segmented 106 (105–112), 0.27–0.3 times body length. Length of antennal segments: I, 18 (16–22); II, 28 (22–32); III, 58 (58–59). Segments I, II and III with considerably long 1, 2 and 7 pointed setae, respectively; terminal segment with primary rhinarium and secondary rhinaria (Fig. 8). Second antennal segments ventroapically bear a single, minute and round rhinariella (or sensillum) (Fig. 9). Longest seta on apex of terminal antennal segment 15 (14–15). On either side, two wax pore plates fused close to triommatidia, therefore with 2 setae. Head with 12–15 facets in spinal wax pore plates, and 17–19 facets in wax pore plates next to triommatidia (Fig. 20). Frontal setae pointed, 6 (6–7). Discal setae on vertex pointed, 7 (6–7).

Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 22 G. Ripka

1 2 3

4 5 67

8 9

Phylloxerina populi (DEL GUERCIO, 1900), semischematic drawings. 1 = antenna of apterous female in dorsolateral view, 2 = antenna of apterous female in ventrolateral view; 3 = antenna of embryo in dorsolateral view, 4 = combined (ultimate) rostral segments IV+V of apterous female, 5 = fore leg of larva (leg I), 6 = hind leg of larva (leg III), 7 = combined (ultimate) rostral segments IV + V of larva, 8 = antenna of larva in dorsolateral view, 9 = antenna of larva in ventrolateral view

Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 Redescription of Phylloxerina populi (Hemiptera: Phylloxeroidea) 23

11 13 14 10

16 17 12 15

18 19 20 21 22

23 24 25

Phylloxerina populi (DEL GUERCIO, 1900), semischematic drawings. 10 = genital plate, 11 = spiracle (stigma) on mesothorax of apterous female, 12 = egg, 13 = spinal wax pore plate on head of apterous female, 14 = spinal wax pore plate on pronotum of apterous female, 15 = fused marginal wax pore plates on pronotum of apterous female, 16 = pleural wax pore plate on pronotum of apterous female, 17 = spinal wax pore plate on abdominal tergite of apterous female, 18 = pleural wax pore plate on abdominal tergite of apterous female, 19 = fused marginal wax pore plates on abdominal tergite of apterous female, 20 = spinal wax pore plate on head of larva, 21 = spinal wax pore plate on mesonotum of larva, 22 = pleural wax pore plate on metanotum of larva, 23 = fused marginal wax pore plates on metanotum of larva, 24 = spinal wax pore plate on abdominal tergite of larva, 25 = marginal wax pore plate on abdominal tergite of larva

Thorax: Second tarsal segments of first legs with five spatulate setae, and dorsobasally a minute, convex and round sensorial pore or sensillum (Fig. 5). First segments of tarsi each with 2 ventral and no dorsal setae. Second and third legs with six spatulate setae on second tarsal segments (Fig. 6). Length of spatulate dorsal setae on second tarsal segment of hind leg 27 (24–28). Each tarsus with bifid tarsal claws. Dorso-apical setae on second

Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 24 G. Ripka hind tarsal segmenst of each leg exceed tip of claws. Each trochanter bearing 1 ventral seta and 2 round sensilla (pseudosensoria). Pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum usually with 2 marginal wax pore plates (Figs 21–23). On pronotum and mesonotum neigh- bouring, on either or both sides of metanotum fused. Pronotum with 6–16, 6–15 and 4–12 facets in spinal, pleural and marginal wax pore plate, respectively. On meso- and metatho- racic segments a pair of spiracle (stigma) near the coxae of first and second leg, also second and third leg. Abdomen: Abdominal tergites I and II each with a pair of spinal, pleural and marginal wax pore plates (Figs 24–25). Abdominal tergites III-VIII each with a pair of spinal and marginal wax pore plates. First abdominal tergite with 5–10, 7–11 and 4–12 facets in spinal, pleural and marginal wax pore plate, respectively. Dorsal abdominal setae pointed, spinal setae, 4 (3–4), pleural setae, 3 (2–3), marginal setae, 3 (3–4). Length of certain setae on antennae, legs and rostrum longer by 110 (100–120), 100 (75–120) and 150 (87–200)% than that of virginoparous females, respectively.

Embryo – 240, 80 wide. With minute dorsal wax pore plates. Antennae 3-segmented (Fig. 3). Second segments of tarsi each bear dorsobasally a minute, convex and round sensorial pore or sensillum. A pair of spiracle (stigma) each on meso- and metathorax near coxae of first and second legs, also second and third legs.

Egg – Shiny, pale greenish yellow, elliptical 277 × 162 (260–289 × 145–189, n = 3), sometimes in wax filaments (Fig. 12).

Host plant – Gray poplar, Populus × canescens (AITON) SM. (Fam. Salicaceae).

Relation to the host – The white wax-producing phylloxerid was found on the branches of the host plant, under the scales of dead females of Chionaspis salicis (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), living together with Hemisarcoptes budensis FAIN et RIPKA, 1998 (Acari: Hemisarcoptidae), Michaelopus corticalis (MICHAEL, 1885) (Acari: Acaridae), Cheletogenes ornatus (CANESTRINI et FANZAGO, 1876) (Acari: Cheyletidae), Cheletacarus raptor VOLGIN, 1961 (Acari: Cheyletidae), Triophtydeus triophthalmus (OUDEMANS, 1929) (Acari: Meyerellidae), Mediolata mariaefrancae ANDRÉ, 1977 (Acari: Stigmaeidae) and Tarsonemus primus SUSKI, 1967 (Acari: Tarsonemidae), in bark crevices and in edge of wounds. Ph. populi fed on cortical tissues.

Locality – Hungary, Budapest, Óbuda, 124 m elev., 47°53.797’N, 19°04.046’E.

Examined material – Redescribed female circled with black ink among 1 female and 1 larva, 25 August 1998, slide # 987. Other specimens prepared from material collected in the same locality, date and host from the branches infested by C. salicis, together with the same coinhabitant mite species # 989; collected in the same locality on 7 May 1999, from the bark of the same host, infested by C. salicis, together with H. budensis and M. corticalis, slide # 1016; and in the same locality and host from the base of buds, in bark crevices and arms infested by C. salicis on 15 August 1999, together with H. budensis, M. corticalis and C. raptor, slide # 1034, all coll. G. RIPKA. Recently it was also found on white poplar, Populus

Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 Redescription of Phylloxerina populi (Hemiptera: Phylloxeroidea) 25 alba L. (Fam. Salicaceae) in Kecskemét (Bács-Kiskun county), 22 July 2010, slides # 1237a-d, females and larvae living in woody galls of host caused by Aceria populi (NALEPA, 1890) (Acari: Eriophyoidea), together with phytoseiid, acarid, tarsonemid and tenuipalpid mites (all Acari), coll. Dr JÓZSEF MIKULÁS (Kecskemét, Hungary). At the locality of examined material at Óbuda, in June and August 2011 the author collected females, larvae and eggs of Ph. populi from the damaged branches of P.×canescens, found in swollen, tumo- rous wounds caused by Cryptorhynchus lapathi (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Coleoptera: Curculio- nidae) and Saperda populnea (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), as well as under the thick greyish-white pubescence rubbed off, and from lenticels.

Remarks – Phylloxerina populi is a monoecious (non-host-alternating), i.e. living its whole life cycle on the same host plant without changing genus of host plant, holocyclic, cortex-feeding and not ant-attended species. Characters of the other examined population of this species from the town of Kecs- kemét (80 km south of Budapest) collected from P. alba differ from those of the population in Budapest. Body, appendages and setae are longer by 15–20%, e.g. body length 865 (675–1165, n = 6), 569 (482–720) wide; antenna 100 (90–115); fore leg 162 (125–192), middle leg 170 (135–200), hind leg 188 (152–230); rostrum 485 (337–520), ultimate rostral segment 131 (112–152). Secondary setae, 7 (5–10); apodeme setae 2–3. The ratio of the relevant features is almost the same in the specimens collected at the two localities: antenna 0.09–0.13 (Kecskemét) and 0.13–0.16 (Budapest) times body length; ultimate rostral segment 3,8–3,9 × its basal width 33 (29–40) (Kecskemét) and 2.8–4 × its basal width 33 (25–45) (Budapest); ultimate rostral segment longer than antenna. Some characteristics of Ph. populi are similar to those of Ph. salicis, from which it dif- fers in the structure and larger size of wax pore plates, the number and shape of facets, the presence of fused wax pore plates on thoracic segments, the presence of a single seta on second and third abdominal tergites, sometimes also on fourth and fifth tergites between the spinal wax pore plates, the length of ultimate rostral segment, the ratio of length of ultimate rostral segment and its basal width, also the ratio of length of antenna and body.

DISCUSSION

According to BONFIGLI (1909) and GRASSI (1912) the border of wax pore plates of Ph. populi is not pronounced compared to those of Ph. salicis and Ph. capreae. There is a transition from the wrinkled pattern of facets which form the plate to the general pattern of dorsal cuticular surface of Ph. populi. The area of facets diminishes to the border of wax pore plates. Therefore it is difficult to identify a plate, measure the radius of the plates and count the facets of them. The differentiation of the wax pore plates from the general cuticular surface is easier in case of Ph. salicis, and Ph. capreae. It is also important that on second and third abdominal tergites, sometimes also on fourth and fifth tergites there is a single seta between the spinal wax pore plates. BONFIGLI (1909) and GRASSI (1912) found a single seta – rarely with small wax gland – in this position on abdominal tergites III-IV-V-VI-VII, which is missing on Ph. salicis.

Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 26 G. Ripka

IGLISCH (1965b) stated that membrane is absent between the head and pronotum in case of Ph. capreae, Ph. daphnoidis IGLISCH, 1965 and Ph. salicis. But based on scanning electron micrographs it is present dorsally on the examined females of Ph. populi, and it can be seen on the drawings of GRASSI (1912), as well. BONFIGLI (1909) mentioned that Ph. populi had long wax filaments on the dorsum, and the wax flocculi were often rubbed off from the females of Ph. salicis. During the exa- mination, the females of Ph. populi taken out from the bark crevices or cicatrices usually do not have wax filaments on their dorsal surface but the places where they hid and were found were waxy. Females lose their wax flocculi as they move around, or are being moved. DEL GUERCIO (1900) collected Ph. populi in bud galls on P. alba in spring, summer and autumn. BONFIGLI (1909) unsuccessfully tried to find it in buds of white poplar. Actu- ally this phylloxerid species does not cause galls at all. It can only occupy the galls caused by Aceria populi, and uses it as habitat for feeding and breeding. Majority of the specimens collected in Hungary was found in bark crevices, at the edge of the wounds, feeding on cal- lous tissue. The females were often found in extremely narrow space. Therefore it has been difficult to take them out from the hard bark. The eggs and first instar larvae were found around females. The second and third instars were farther. Ph. populi is the member of the corticolous fauna of poplar species. Several predatory and indifferent species of the corticolous mite fauna co-occurred with it. In the Fauna Europaea database Ph. populi is mentioned from Italy and Moldova (NIETO NAFRÍA &BINAZZI 2011), but the present author reported it from Hungary, too (RIPKA 2001). These new data are the most recent contribution on the morphology, biology and habitat preference of this ‘cryptic’ species. Nevertheless, much remains to be examined.

Differential diagnosis of the species of Phylloxerina known from Hungary (apterous virginoparous females)

Phylloxerina salicis – Ultimate rostral segment (IV + V) elongate, 5–6 × its basal width and a little longer than antenna. Facets of wax pore plates polygonal with subdivision (BLACKMAN &EASTOP 1994). Wax pore plates are easily distinguishable from general pattern of cuticle (BONFIGLI 1909). Prothorax usually with a hair-bearing supplementary wax pore plate between spinal and pleural wax pore plates on each side, sometimes fused with spinal wax pore plate, which then appears to be extended laterally and includes two hairs (IGLISCH 1965b). Coxal wax pore plates on all thoracic segments. Phylloxerina capreae – Ultimate rostral segment 2.5–3.5 × its basal width and a little shorter than antenna. Facets of wax pore plates more rounded (BLACKMAN &EASTOP 1994). Wax pore plates with 12–24 facets. Thoracic segments without fused spinal and marginal wax pore plates. Third, fourth and fifth abdominal tergites between spinal wax pore plates without single seta. Length of accessory setae on ultimate rostral segment 13 (12–13). Prothorax and first abdominal tergite usually without a supplementary wax pore plate between spinal and pleural wax pore plates. Coxal wax pore plates on mesosternum only.

Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 Redescription of Phylloxerina populi (Hemiptera: Phylloxeroidea) 27

Phylloxerina populi – Ultimate rostral segment 2.8–4 × its basal width and longer than antenna. Fused marginal wax pore plates on mesonotum and metanotum, 2 (3) setae on each marginal wax pore plate. Metathorax usually with a supplementary wax pore plate between spinal and pleural wax pore plates. First, second, fourth and fifth abdominal tergites with accessory wax pore plate between pleural and marginal wax pore plates. On first, second, fourth and fifth abdominal tergites accessory wax pore plate fused with marginal wax pore plates, bearing two hairs. Facets of wax pore plates polygonal and irregular with subdivision. Wax pore plates with 19–140 facets. Wax filaments usually rub off from dorsal surface. On second and third abdominal tergites, sometimes also on fourth and fifth tergites a single seta between spinal wax pore plates. Dorsally, a membrane betwen head and pronotum. Ventral abdominal segments without wax pore plates. Length of accessory setae on ultimate rostral segment 6 (5–8). Coxal wax pore plates on all thoracic segments, inconspicuous on prosternum and metasternum.

Data on some aphid species from Hungary

The knowledge on the family Phylloxeridae with the exclusion of grape phylloxera is very scanty not only in Hungary but in several other countries. Hostplantdataonsome, including new to Hungary, aphid species, are listed in Table1.

Aphid species collected from different plant species (*=new species for the Hungarian fauna)

Aphid species Host plant species Sampling locality Sampling date

*Amphorophora gei (BÖRNER, 1939) Geum urbanum Mesteri (Vas county) 9.V.2010 Aphidura pannonica SZELEGIEWICZ, 1967 Silene borysthenica Paks (Tolna county) 6.VI.2011 Aphis confusa WALKER, 1849 Knautia arvensis Mesteri: Ság-hegy (Vas county) 16.VII.2011 Aphis craccivora KOCH, 1854 Medicago sativa Budapest: Felsõ-Törökvész 3.V.2009 Aphis helianthemi FERRARI, 1872 Helianthemun ovatum Budapest: Felsõ-Törökvész 22.VI.2008 Helianthemun ovatum Pilisszentiván: Kis-Szénás 22.V.2011 (Pest county) Drepanosiphum platanoidis (SCHRANK, 1801) Acer pseudoplatanus Gencsapáti (Vas county) 15.VI.2009 Hyalopterus amygdali (BLANCHARD, 1840) Prunus persica Mesteri: Ság-hegy (Vas county) 5.VI.2011 Vitis vinifera Mesteri: Ság-hegy (Vas county) 5.VI.2011

Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 28 G. Ripka

Aphid species Host plant species Sampling locality Sampling date

Hyalopterus pruni (GEOFFROY, 1762) Prunus spinosa Mesteri: Ság-hegy (Vas county) 11.VI.2011 Impatientinum asiaticum NEVSKY, 1929 Impatiens parviflora Budapest: Józsefváros 10.VIII.2008 Macrosiphum gei (KOCH, 1855) Geum urbanum Mesteri (Vas county) 9.V.2010 Tuberculatus annulatus (HARTIG, 1841) Quercus robur Gencsapáti (Vas county) 15.VI.2009 Uroleucon pilosellae (BÖRNER, 1933) Hieracium cf. piloselloides Vászoly (Veszprém county) 2.V.2008

*Phylloxera foaae BÖRNER, 1909 Quercus petraea Mátrafüred (Heves county) 8.VI.2009 Phylloxerina populi (DEL GUERCIO, 1900) Populus × canescens Óbuda, Budapest 18.VI.2011 Populus × canescens Budapest: Kõbánya-Újhegy 13.VIII.2011

Phylloxera foaae BÖRNER, 1909 was collected on underside of the leaves of Quercus petraea in Mátra Mountains (Northern Hungary). It is a new species in the phylloxerid fauna of Hungary. Amphorophora gei (BÖRNER, 1939) is also a new species for the fauna of Hungary. It was collected from Geum urbanum in the Transdanubian region, in Western part of Hungary by the author. Aphidura pannonica SZELEGIEWICZ, 1967 was collected from stem apices, buds and flowers of Silene borysthenica in the Southern Mezõföld Nature Reserve, close to the town of Paks (Central Hungary). On shoots and leaves of grapevine (cv. Olaszrizling) colonies of apterae and larvae of Hyalopterus amygdali (BLANCHARD, 1840) were found in a vineyard.

Acknowledgements – Special thanks are expressed to Prof SEBASTIANO BARBAGALLO (Universitá degli Studi di Catania, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Fitosanitarie, sez. Entomologia Agraria, Italy) and Dr. ROGER L. BLACKMAN (Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, London, Great Britain) for providing several references and making suggestions. The author thanks to Dr JÓZSEF MIKULÁS (Kecskemét, Hun- gary), Mr ISTVÁN FARKAS (Tanakajd, Hungary) and Dr GYÖRGY CSÓKA (Mátrafüred, Hungary) for collecting the specimens from white poplar, mapple and oak, respectively.

Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 Redescription of Phylloxerina populi (Hemiptera: Phylloxeroidea) 29

The author is indebted to Dr LÁSZLÓ SZABÓ (Chemical Research Center of Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest) and to Dr ÁRPÁD SZABÓ (Corvinus University of Buda- pest) for their help with the scanning electron microscope and light microscope photogra- phy, respectively. Particular thanks are due to Mrs GABRIELLA SZABÓ KÜKEDI and to my daughter, Ms ESZTER RIPKA for translating the German and Italian reports, respectively.

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