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FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA HUNGARICA ROVARTANI KÖZLEMÉNYEK Volume 72 2011 pp. 17−30 Redescription of Phylloxerina populi (del Guercio) (Hemiptera: Phylloxeroidea) with notes on other aphids of Hungary G. RIPKA Central Agricultural Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, Department of Pest Management Development and Coordination, H-1118 Budapest, Budaörsi út 141–145, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] – Phylloxerina populi (DEL GUERCIO, 1900) was collected from Populus × canes- cens and Populus alba, and is redescribed and illustrated. On P. × canescens this species pro- duces wax and lives in bark crevices, on branches under the scales of dead females of Chionaspis salicis (LINNAEUS, 1758), and in the edge of wounds. On P. alba it was found in woody bud and stem galls caused by Aceria populi (NALEPA, 1890). Differential diagnosis is provided to the three Phylloxerina species known from Hungary. Amphorophora gei (BÖRNER, 1939) and Phylloxera foaae BÖRNER, 1909 are new species for the fauna of Hun- gary. New faunistic data on some aphid taxa from this country are given. With 25 figures. – Phylloxeridae, Phylloxerina, morphology, gray poplar, white poplar, Hun- gary. INTRODUCTION The superfamily Phylloxeroidea (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) con- tains two extant families of aphids, the Phylloxeridae and Adelgidae. The family Phylloxeridae includes 7 genera, viz. Acanthochermes KOLLAR, 1848, Aphanostigma BÖRNER, 1909, Foaiella BÖRNER, 1909, Moritziella BÖRNER, 1908, Phylloxera BOYER DE FONSCOLOMBE, 1834, Phylloxerina BÖRNER, 1908 and Viteus SHIMER, 1867. According to the last comprehensive books on Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 18 G. Ripka tree- and shrub-dwelling aphids a total of 1 Acanthochermes,2Aphanostigma, 1 Foaiella,2Moritziella, about 60 Phylloxera,8Phylloxerina and 1 Viteus species live on the families Fagaceae, Juglandaceae, Nyssaceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae and Vitaceae (BLACKMAN &EASTOP 1994, 2006). They are highly host specific. More than half of the species were described in North America. In Europe all genera are represented by 1 species, except for Phylloxera (8 species) and Phylloxerina (4 species) (NIETO NAFRÍA &BINAZZI 2011). Members of Phylloxeridae are the smallest aphids (about 1 mm of body length) with rather low moving capability compared with other groups of aphids. Only a few phylloxerid species are known from the fauna of Hungary. The presently recognized four genera, Acanthochermes, Phylloxera, Phyllo- xerina and Viteus are represented by seven species, all develop on woody host plants (e.g. Quercus, Salix, Populus and Vitis)(RIPKA et al. 1998, SZELEGIEWICZ &SZALAY-MARZSÓ 2000, RIPKA 2001, 2008). Out of them grape phylloxera, Viteus (= Daktulosphaira) vitifoliae (FITCH, 1855) is a globally important major pest of cultivated grapes. RIPKA et al. (1993, 1998) reported Phylloxerina salicis (LICHTENSTEIN, 1884) from Salix alba, and Phylloxerina capreae BÖRNER, 1942 from Salix caprea and Salix viminalis. In the Fauna Europaea database Ph. capreae is reported from Germany, Po- land and Sweden, Phylloxerina salicis from Estonia, Germany, Italy, Latvia, Moldova, Poland, Sardinia, Sicily, the Netherlands and France (IGLISCH 1965a), but strangely Hungary is not mentioned. Phylloxerina populi (DEL GUERCIO, 1900) was described from Italy from Populus alba, and has been reported from Moldova (DEL GUERCIO 1900, BONFIGLI 1909, BÖRNER 1952, BLACKMAN &EASTOP 1994, NIETO NAFRÍA &BINAZZI 2011). RIPKA (2001) reported it also from Hungary, collected from gray polar (Populus × canescens). The Hungarian aphid and phylloxerid fauna consisting of 595 species is considerably explored (RIPKA 2008, 2010). From white poplar (Populus alba) no phylloxerid species was reported in Hungary. The larva, embryo and egg of Ph. populi have not been illustrated till now. Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 Redescription of Phylloxerina populi (Hemiptera: Phylloxeroidea) 19 MATERIALS AND METHODS Continuing the aphid and mite survey on ornamental trees and shrubs of streets, squares, parks, botanical gardens, private gardens, forests and green-belt in all districts of the city of Budapest and in other localities of Hungary new samples were taken from the plants showing the presence of aphid and symptoms of mite feeding. Samples from different woody and herbaceous plants were collected in plastic bags during the growing season in the last two decades. All the plant material was examined with binocular stereomicroscope (upper and lower surfaces of the leaves, petioles, buds, bark, flowers, galls, etc.). Aphids found on the plant were put into vials containing 70% ethyl alcohol. In laboratory after boiling the aphids for some minutes in 70% ethyl alcohol they were put in 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution. Insect bodies were cleaned by boiling them again and by pressing them to the necessary extent. Having rinsed the mace- rated animals with distilled water, they were mounted in Hoyer’s mounting medium con- taining sorbitol. Two other methods were also used for mounting. One of them is the resin based mounting method for scale insects. Specimens were cleared in 10% potassium hydroxide solution by boiling them. Then the phylloxerids were stained in equal portions of acid fuchsin, erythrosin, and lignin pink in aqueous solution, dehydrated in a series of graded ethyl alcohol baths and clove oil, mounted in Canada balsam. The second procedure is a mounting method for mites: phylloxerids found on the plant samples were put directly into lactic acid (for 2–4 weeks at room temperature to the desired extent), then placed into Hoyer’s medium. The F-medium (KEIFER 1975) was alternatively used for mounting the specimens. The microscope-slide preparations were dried (for 2–4 weeks) at room temperature, and then sealed with commercial nail varnish (UPTON 1991). Specimens were examined with a phase-contrast compound microscope (Nikon Eclipse E 600), supplied with drawing attachment (Nikon Y-IDT). In order to identify the phylloxerid species works by DEL GUERCIO (1900), BONFIGLI (1909), GRASSI (1912), IGLISCH (1965b), BLACKMAN &EASTOP (1994), also SZELEGIEWICZ &SZALAY-MARZSÓ (2000) were used. For the identification of aphidoid species the books of HEIE (1986, 1994, 1995) and BLACKMAN &EASTOP (1994, 2006) were used. Classification, species and genus names of aphids and phylloxerids were given according to NIETO NAFRÍA &BINAZZI (2011) and BLACKMAN &EASTOP (2011). Terminology and setal notation used in the morphological descriptions are those of ANDERSON &BROMLEY (1987), MIYAZAKI (1987), ILHARCO & VAN HARTEN (1987) and BLACKMAN &EASTOP (1994, 2006). The number of measured specimens (n) is given in parentheses in the body length. All measurements of phylloxerids are given in micro- meters. Measurements and means are rounded off the nearest integer. All measurements, unless stated otherwise, are length. Because some measurements of redescribed specimen could not be made, due to the position of the mounted specimen, means are reported with range in parentheses. The scientific names of host plants were given according to KIRÁLY (2009). Folia ent. hung. 72, 2011 20 G. Ripka REDESCRIPTION Phylloxerina populi (DEL GUERCIO, 1900) (Figs 1–25) Diagnosis – All forms and immature stages are apterous. All virginoparous females are oviparous. Small, light yellow to ochre, oval or pear-shaped body with faceted wax pore plates on head, thorax and abdomen. Cauda and siphunculi absent. Covered with white wax wool in part. Pointed setae on head, thorax and abdomen. Antennae 3-segmented. Short legs, long rostrum. Not visited by ants. Apterous virginoparous oviparous female – Oval or pear-shaped body, broadest ante- riorly 640 (530–697, n = 5), when mounted, 383 (337–427) wide. Colour in life light yellow to ochre. Colour when macerated: pale except for brown legs and antennae. In life waxy sec- retions occur as white tufts on head, thorax and abdomen. Length of wax filaments 40–100. Flocculent wax loosely ties on dorsal surface. Moving females often lose it. Approximately 30% of specimens without wax filaments. Faceted wax pore plates on head also on all tho- racic nota and dorsal abdominal segments, usually with 1, sometimes 2, rarely 3 hairs. Shape of wax pore plates on head and pronotum round, on mesonotum, metanotum and abdomi- nal tergites elliptical. Numbers of facets vary in wide range depending on age of females. Head: Frontal setae pointed, 7 (6–7). Discal setae of vertex pointed, 7 (6–8). Eyes tri- ommatidia. On either side, two wax pore plates fused close to triommatidia, therefore with 2 setae. Head with 23–59 facets in spinal wax pore plates, and 39–147 facets in wax pore plates next to triommatidia (Fig. 13). Antennae 3-segmented 88 (85–95), 0.13–0.16 times body length; first and second antennal segments with 1 and 2 pointed setae, respectively; third segment with 7 setae, small round primary rhinarium without cilia, and 3 minute round secondary rhinaria on apex of terminal segment (Figs 1–2). Setae on ultimate segment poin- ted, longest on apex 7 (7–7.5). Second antennal segments ventroapically bearing single, mi- nute and round rhinariella (or sensillum). Third antennal segment with spinulose imbri- cations. Length of antennal segments: I, 22 (21–24); II, 23 (22–25); III, 41 (40–44). Rost- rum 315 (235–395), usually not reaching anal plate (in ’normal’ rectracted position); apical rostral segment obtuse, 117 (100–130). Ultimate rostral segment (IV + V) with three pairs of primary setae, and a pair of secondary setae, 6 (5–8). 2 apodeme setae, 1–2 (Fig. 4). Rost- rum is in body contact on middle ventral area of abdominal segments. Therefore middle part of thoracic and abdominal ventral cuticular surface smooth, without pattern or imbri- cations. Ultimate rostral segment 2.8–4 × its basal width 34 (25–45), and longer than an- tenna. Fifth rostral segment (V) with 4 pairs apical setae. One pair of them longer and blunt peg-like (rod-shaped) setae, three pairs minute, thin and pointed setae. Thorax: Pronotum with 2 pairs of spinal, 2 pairs of pleural and 2 pairs of marginal wax pore plates in 2 rows (Figs 14–16). Setae on them, of same shape and length as poste- rior setae of vertex.

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