DOCSLIB.ORG

Be the Solution: How Entrepreneurs and Conscious Capitalists Can Solve All the World's Problems

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Be the Solution: How Entrepreneurs and Conscious Capitalists Can Solve All the World's Problems (continued from front flap) Praise for STRONG $24.95 USA / $29.95 CAN Be the Solution the Be FLOW, Inc., is an organization cofounded by John Capitali Conscious and Entrepreneurs How Mackey and Michael Strong to promote Mihaly Be the Solution Csikszentmihalyi’s concept of fl ow as optimal “ In the past, many believed you either went into ‘public service’ to do good, or you ‘went into What if the distinction between business and doing experience—the state in which we are so immersed in business’ to make money. Few realized that the long-term success of business depends on serving good vanished? What if all those who engaged in challenging, creative activity that we forget that time is people, not making money. Few realized that perhaps the best way to serve the public was business were committed to a deeper purpose, and all passing. To be engaged in fl ow activities is happiness through free enterprise. Whole Foods Market founder John Mackey, visionary thinker Michael those committed to doing good were entrepreneurial itself. Whether we are creators of enterprises or Strong, micro lender Muhammad Yunus, and a few others understand these truths. Be the and enterprising? What would it take for a world entrepreneurially creative within our life as employees, Solution is the best single book to read to understand the emerging ways in which entrepreneurs Be the of seven billion such people to solve all the world’s we can embody the entrepreneurial spirit and, in the can change the world.” problems? words of Michelangelo, “criticize by creating.” — GARY HOOVER, serial entrepreneur, founder of Hoover’s Business Information Service, Hooversworld.com More and more people are looking for meaning and In addition, FLOW refers to the global fl ow of goods, purpose in their lives as employees, as consumers, and services, capital, humans, ideas, and culture, in a “ Michael Strong speaks the truth. A must-read for our new American government.” Solution as investors. More and more people have more than positive win-win-win world based on love rather than —SAM WYLY, founder, Green Mountain Energy; author of 1,000 Dollars and an Idea enough material goods and are more interested in the fear. Combining the best of the positive psychology qualities of the goods they buy; in the experiences and human potential movements with the best of free “This book is totally fantastic. Treat your mind to a feast. Use it to tune your vision towards what associated with the services they provide and buy; in the market thinking, FLOW offers a unique perspective really works.” way the companies they buy from act as citizens; and on how to Be the Solution in the twenty-fi rst century. in self-actualization—rising up Maslow’s hierarchy. As —CHARLES HARPER, Senior Executive VP, Chief Strategist, John Templeton Foundation How Entrepreneurs and an increasing percentage of the population reaches the MICHAEL STRONG, educated at Harvard, St. John’s point at which they no longer need more stuff, what “ Perhaps more than ever before, young people today are motivated by the desire to make the world Problems World’s the All sts Solve Can College, and the University of Chicago, has created will they do, how will they live their lives? several high-performance private and charter schools, a better place. Unfortunately, many have little idea about how to do it, and their educational Conscious Capitalists studies provide them with little direction. In contrast, this book is a road map about how we including a school that was named the 36th best If you are one of these people, wondering where to go can get from where we are to where we want to be—to a more peaceful, more prosperous, and public school in the United States on the Washington Can Solve All the from here, how to “be the solution” in the twenty-fi rst more environmentally sound world. Plus, it is exciting, uplifting, and adventurous. Indeed, it Post’s Challenge Index. The author of The Habit of century, Be the Solution provides an original perspective provides the recipe for a better world.” Thought: From Socratic Seminars to Socratic Practice, on how to create a better world. Focused entirely on Strong has consulted for hundreds of educational —DR. JAMES GWARTNEY, coauthor of Economic Freedom of the World: 2007 Annual Report; World’s Problems Gus A. Stavros Eminent Scholar Chair at Florida State University entrepreneurial and Conscious Capitalist solutions to institutions around the world. Prior to his career in the challenges and opportunities facing humanity, Be education, he was a doctoral student at the University “This is a very thoughtful and timely book that asks us to look around—and to look within—the the Solution shows how the entrepreneurial passion to of Chicago working on a dissertation on “Ideas and amazing opportunities that entrepreneurship offers to the world. I recommend this book to create a better world, in combination with Conscious Culture as Human Capital” under economics Nobel anyone interested in fi nding solutions to the current crisis.” Capitalist business practices, can solve far more of the laureate Gary Becker. Strong is currently the CEO and world’s problems than any other approach. Chief Visionary Offi cer of FLOW, Inc., the nonprofi t —GIANCARLO IBARGUEN, Executive President, Universidad Francisco Marroquin organization he cofounded with John Mackey. In combination with leading Conscious Capitalists such “ At last, a book about the heart of capitalism as a force for creating good in the world for solving as John Mackey writing on “Conscious Capitalism,” many of our tough societal problems. I hope our political leaders read it.” Jacket Image: © Jupiter Images leading social entrepreneurs such as Muhammad —R. EDWARD FREEMAN, Olsson Professor of Business Administration, Academic Director, Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate Ethics, University of Virginia Yunus writing on “Social Business,” and leading legal reform experts such as Hernando de Soto writing on “Is Economic Freedom for Everyone?,” entrepreneurial educator Michael Strong lays out a philosophical, MICHAEL STRONG social, and legal framework for a FLOW vision through Foreword by JOHN MACKEY, CEO which all problems may be solved entrepreneurially. Whole Foods Market (continued on back flap) ffirs.indd vi 2/11/09 11:23:01 AM Additional Praise for Be the Solution “Michael Strong and his coauthors sketch out a provocative and appealing vision of what you might call ‘bleeding heart libertarianism.’ Regardless of where you fi t on the ideological map, they will challenge the way you think about social progress. So if you’re interested in how to make the world around you a better place, take the challenge and read this book.” —Brink Lindsey, VP for Research, Cato Institute; Author of The Age of Abundance “If you want to contribute to making a better world and you have an indomitable entrepreneurial spirit, this is the book for you. Ours is the age of doing good by doing well. The notion that market competition is all about greed is just a monumental error that you can help a new generation to avoid.” —Herbert Gintis, Santa Fe Institute and Central European University “In Be the Solution Michael Strong, John Mackey, and other visionary authors organically develop a new framework for capitalism so that the benefi cent and transformational potentials of entrepreneurship and free market can be powerfully unleashed for societal good. Be the Solution cogently argues that the essential feature and primary virtue of capi- talism is not profi t-motivated exchange of commodities but voluntary exchange of abilities. Be the Solution demonstrates that when capitalism is rightly framed and entrepreneurship is properly nurtured in a culture of freedom, the entrepreneurial spirit of humanity will bring forth new innovative solutions to many of the persistent and pervasive problems of the world. At once informative and inspirational, Be the Solution will provoke you not only to think outside the existing paradigms but also to act for the realization of your vision by invoking in you the highest value and the innermost virtue of humanity—freedom and creativity.” —Yasuhiko Genku Kimura, Founder and Chairman, Vision-In-Action, Author of Think Kosmically Act Globally ffirs.indd i 2/11/09 11:23:00 AM “Be the Solution is out on a frontier of thought where no one has trav- elled before. It redefi nes the word ‘prescient.’ A breathtaking integration of futuristic thinking about economics, politics, social justice, and human happiness, it is nothing less than a blueprint for a transcendent tomor- row for humanity. Once or twice in a lifetime you come across a vein of thinking like this—one that that makes you feel as if life and the world are suddenly new again. The inspiring future Be the Solution paints for us will be the very motivation we have needed to pursue it.” —Dan Palotta, Author of Uncharitable: How Restraints on Nonprofi ts Undermine Their Potential “Be the Solution will undoubtedly be added to my ‘must read’ book list for those who inquire about the causes of world poverty and what can be done to solve these problems.” —Philip Sansone, President and Executive Director, Whole Planet Foundation “This is a desperately needed synthesis of the work of the world’s most insightful thinkers on how to solve the problems of poverty. It lays bare fallacies in policies that annually misdirect billions of dollars into devel- opment of initiatives that don’t work. And it offers situation-contingent guidelines for programs that will. A must read.” —Clayton M. Christensen, Professor, Harvard Business School; Author, The Innovator’s Dilemma ffirs.indd ii 2/11/09 11:23:00 AM Be the Solution How Entrepreneurs and Conscious Capitalists Can Solve All the World’s Problems Michael Strong CEO, FLOW® Foreword by John Mackey John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cosmos, Values, and Consciousness in Latin American Digital Culture
    Cosmos, Values, and Consciousness in Latin American Digital Culture Angelica J. Huizar Cosmos, Values, and Consciousness in Latin American Digital Culture Angelica J. Huizar Cosmos, Values, and Consciousness in Latin American Digital Culture Angelica J. Huizar World Languages & Cultures Department Old Dominion University Norfolk, VA, USA ISBN 978-3-030-45397-8 ISBN 978-3-030-45398-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45398-5 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and informa- tion in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.
    [Show full text]
  • Lipstick on the Pig Lipstick on The
    ELECTION 2008 Lipstick on the Pig Robert David STEELE Vivas Public Intelligence Minuteman Prefaces from Senator Bernie Sanders (I‐VT), Tom Atlee, Thom Hartmann, & Sterling Seagraves Take a Good Look Our Political System Today Let’s Lose the Lipstick, Eat the Pig, and Move On! ELECTION 2008 Lipstick on the Pig Robert David STEELE Vivas Co‐Founder, Earth Intelligence Network Copyright © 2008, Earth Intelligence Network (EIN) This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/ EIN retains commercial and revenue rights. Authors retain other rights offered under copyright. Entire book and individual chapters free online at www.oss.net/PIG. WHAT THIS REALLY MEANS: 1. You can copy, print, share, and translate this work as long as you don’t make money on it. 2. If you want to make money on it, by all means, 20% to our non-profit and we are happy. 3. What really matters is to get this into the hands of as many citizens as possible. 4. Our web site in Sweden is robust, but you do us all a favor if you host a copy for your circle. Books available by the box of 20 at 50% off retail ($35.00). $20 is possible at any printer if you negotiate, we have to pay $35 with our retail discount, but actual cost to printer is $10. Published by Earth Intelligence Network October 2008 Post Office Box 369, Oakton, Virginia 22124 www.earth-intelligence.net Cover graphic is a composition created by Robert Steele using open art available on the Internet.
    [Show full text]
  • World Literature for the Wretched of the Earth: Anticolonial Aesthetics
    W!"#$ L%&'"(&)"' *!" &+' W"'&,+'$ !* &+' E("&+ Anticolonial Aesthetics, Postcolonial Politics -. $(.%'# '#(/ Fordham University Press .'0 1!"2 3435 Copyright © 3435 Fordham University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or any other—except for brief quotations in printed reviews, without the prior permission of the publisher. Fordham University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party Internet websites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Fordham University Press also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Visit us online at www.fordhampress.com. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data available online at https:// catalog.loc.gov. Printed in the United States of America 36 33 35 7 8 6 3 5 First edition C!"#$"#% Preface vi Introduction: Impossible Subjects & Lala Har Dayal’s Imagination &' B. R. Ambedkar’s Sciences (( M. K. Gandhi’s Lost Debates )* Bhagat Singh’s Jail Notebook '+ Epilogue: Stopping and Leaving &&, Acknowledgments &,& Notes &,- Bibliography &)' Index &.' P!"#$%" In &'(&, S. R. Ranganathan, an unknown literary scholar and statistician from India, published a curious manifesto: ! e Five Laws of Library Sci- ence. ) e manifesto, written shortly a* er Ranganathan’s return to India from London—where he learned to despise, among other things, the Dewey decimal system and British bureaucracy—argues for reorganiz- ing Indian libraries.
    [Show full text]
  • Recension De Mark SATIN, Editor, Manual for Draft-Age Immigrants to Canada
    Études canadiennes / Canadian Studies Revue interdisciplinaire des études canadiennes en France 85 | 2018 Le Canada, refuge américain ? Recension de Mark SATIN, editor, Manual for Draft- Age Immigrants to Canada. Toronto: House of Anansi, 2018. 160 pages Luke Stewart Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/eccs/1600 DOI : 10.4000/eccs.1600 ISSN : 2429-4667 Éditeur Association française des études canadiennes (AFEC) Édition imprimée Date de publication : 31 décembre 2018 Pagination : 219-223 ISSN : 0153-1700 Référence électronique Luke Stewart, « Recension de Mark SATIN, editor, Manual for Draft-Age Immigrants to Canada. Toronto: House of Anansi, 2018. 160 pages », Études canadiennes / Canadian Studies [En ligne], 85 | 2018, mis en ligne le 01 décembre 2019, consulté le 24 septembre 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ eccs/1600 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/eccs.1600 AFEC RECENSION/REVIEW Mark SATIN, editor, Manual for Draft-Age Immigrants to Canada . Toronto: House of Anansi, 2018. 160 pages. Luke Stewart Sciences Po Lille Before the Manual for Draft-Age Immigrants to Canada even left the print shop in January 1968 it had already sold-out its first print run of 5,000 copies. Mark Satin, the Manual’s editor and director of the Toronto Anti-Draft Programme (TADP), quickly produced a revised and updated second edition of 20,000 more copies in March 1968. The booklet quickly became highly sought after and would emerge as one of the most important and iconic movement publications of the Vietnam War era. Selling 60,000 copies in total and distributed to over 2,000 draft counseling centres and antiwar organizations in the United States and across Canada, it would ultimately be bootlegged an estimated 30,000 times in various formats by these same groups.
    [Show full text]
  • When Skeptics Ask NORMAN L. GEISLER and RONALD M. BROOKS
    When Skeptics Ask NORMAN L. GEISLER and RONALD M. BROOKS © 1990 by Norman L. Geisler and Ronald M. Rhodes Published 1996 by Baker Books a division of Baker Book House Company P.O. Box 6287, Grand Rapids, MI 49516–6287 First published 1990 by Victor Books, a division of Scripture Press Publications Inc., Wheaton, Illinois. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—for example, electronic, photocopy, recording— without the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Geisler, Norman L. When skeptics ask/Norman L. Geisler and Ronald M. Brooks p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0–8010-1141–8 1. Apologetics—20th century—Miscellanea. I. Brooks, Ronald M. (Ronald Matthew), 1957- II. Tide. BT1102.G436 1990 239—dc20 89–29002 Art on page 49 © M. C. Escher Heirs/Cordon Art-Baarn-Holland. Used by permission. Art on pages 121–22 taken from W. D. Edwards, W. J. Gabel, and F. E. Hosmer, “On the Physical Death of Christ,” Journal of the American Medical Association 255 (21 March 1986): 1454–63. Used by permission of Mayo Foundation. Chart on page 155 taken from Norman L Geisler and William E. Nix, General Introduction to the Bible (Chicago: Moody Press, 1987), 149. Used by permission. Chart on page 227 taken from Norman L. Geisler and J. Origin Science: A Proposal for the Creation-Evolution Controversy (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1987), 149.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Bibliography
    ELECTION 2008: Lipstick on the Pig, Annotated Bibliography Annotated Bibliography1 Anti‐Americanism, Blowback, Why the Rest Hates the West .......................................................... 92 Betrayal of the Public Trust .............................................................................................................. 93 Biomimicry, Green Chemistry, Ecological Economics, Natural Capitalism ....................................... 98 Blessed Unrest, Dignity, Dissent, & the Tao of Democracy .............................................................. 99 Capitalism, Globalization, Peak Oil, & “Free” Trade Run Amok ..................................................... 100 Collective Intelligence, Power of Us, We Are One, & Wealth of We .............................................. 102 Culture of Catastrophe, Cheating, Conflict, & Conspiracy .............................................................. 104 Deception, Facts, Fog, History (Lost), Knowledge, Learning, & Lies ............................................... 104 Democracy in Decline ..................................................................................................................... 107 Emerging and Evolving Threats & Challenges ................................................................................ 110 Failed States, Poverty, Wrongful Leadership, and the Sorrows of Empire .................................... 114 Future of Life, State of the Future, Plan B 3.0 ...............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ethics and Business Text © the Mcgraw−Hill Decision−Making for Companies, 2008 Personal Integrity and Social Responsibility C H a P T E R 1 Ethics and Business
    Hartman: Business Ethics: 1. Ethics and Business Text © The McGraw−Hill Decision−Making for Companies, 2008 Personal Integrity and Social Responsibility C h a p t e r 1 Ethics and Business Good people do not need laws to tell them to act justly, while bad people will find a way around the laws. Plato It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his not understanding it. Upton Sinclair 1 Hartman: Business Ethics: 1. Ethics and Business Text © The McGraw−Hill Decision−Making for Companies, 2008 Personal Integrity and Social Responsibility 2OpeningChapter 1 Ethics and Decision Business Point Loyalty after a Crisis: Should Aaron Feuerstein Rebuild and Pay His Employees in the Meantime? During the early evening hours of December 11, 1995, a fire broke out in a textile mill in Lawrence, Massachusetts. By morning, the fire had destroyed most of Malden Mills, the manufacturer of Polartec fabric. The fire seemed a disaster to the company, its employees, its customers, and the surrounding communities. Malden Mills was a family-owned business, founded in 1906 and run by the founder’s grandson Aaron Feuerstein. Polartec is a high-quality fabric well known for its use in the outdoor apparel featured by such popular companies as L.L. Bean, Lands’ End, REI, J. Crew, and Eddie Bauer. The disaster promised many headaches for Malden Mills and for the numerous businesses that depend on its products. But the fire also was a disaster for an entire community. The towns surrounding the Malden Mills plant have long been home to textile manufacturing.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Centrism Fails and How We Can Better Achieve Political Cooperation
    Why Centrism Fails and How We Can Better Achieve Political Cooperation By Steve McIntosh J.D. A Publication of The Institute for Cultural Evolution May, 2016 Why Centrism Fails and How We Can Better Achieve Political Cooperation By Steve McIntosh, J.D. ContentS: e Problem with Centrism e Disrupting Influence of the Progressive Postmodern Worldview transcending Postmodernism rough a More Inclusive Worldview A new Political Practice—Increasing the Scope of What We Can Value examples of Values Integration in Specific Political Issues Conclusion yper-partisan political polarization is crippling America’s democracy. Even if our next Hpresident is elected with a strong majority mandate, she or he will nevertheless find themselves severely constrained by the inevitably obstructionist opposition. As Francis Fukuyama observes in his latest book, Political Order and Political Decay, America’s government has become a ‘vetocracy’ wherein our system of checks and balances has devolved to the point where each party has an effective veto on the positive programs of the other. And within our evenly balanced, highly competitive two party system, this has produced a seemingly intractable form of gridlock that now paralyzes our government. In response to the problem of hyper-partisan polarization, mainstream political commentators and analysts usually prescribe some version of centrism. Prominent centrists contend that the straightforward solution to polarization is for politicians to ‘meet in the middle’ and compromise for the greater good. ese moderates argue that most Americans are not ideologically polarized, and that our government’s gridlock has been artificially created by structural obstacles to cooperation, such as congressional district gerrymandering and the outsized influence of hyper-partisans in primary elections and campaign finance.
    [Show full text]
  • Toward Understanding New Age Spirituality
    University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies Legacy Theses 2000 The contemporary quest to resacralize life: toward understanding new age spirituality Christensen, Linda Christensen, L. (2000). The contemporary quest to resacralize life: toward understanding new age spirituality (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/16050 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/40585 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY The Contemporary Quest to Resacralize Life: Toward Understanding New Age Spirituality Linda Christensen A THESIS SUBMIlTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES CALGARY, ALBERTA AUGUST, 2000 0 Linda Christensen 2000 National Library Bibliotheque nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographic Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rue Wellington OttawaON KIAON4 Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Canada Canada Your fib Votre rdfdence Our Nafre ref.renu, The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accorde me licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive pennettant a la National Library of Canada to Bibliotheque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, preter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette these sous paper or electronic formats.
    [Show full text]
  • From Sexism to Feminism: Arguments of Definition in a Return to Modesty and Girls Gone Mild
    FROM SEXISM TO FEMINISM: ARGUMENTS OF DEFINITION IN A RETURN TO MODESTY AND GIRLS GONE MILD BY C2009 Greta K. Wendelin Submitted to the graduate degree program in Communication Studies and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters’ of Arts Dr. Kris Bruss Chairperson Committee members Dr. Robert Rowland Dr. Dave Tell Date defended: April 25, 2009 The Thesis Committee for Greta Wendelin certifies that this is the approved Version of the following thesis: FROM SEXISM TO FEMINISM: ARGUMENTS OF DEFINITION IN A RETURN TO MODESTY AND GIRLS GONE MILD Committee: Dr. Kris Bruss Advisor Dr. Robert Rowland Dr. Dave Tell Date approved: April 27, 2009 ii CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS iv Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Chapter 2. The Rhetoric of Definitions and the Definition of Feminisms in the 90s 10 Chapter 3. “A Return ” to Limitations: Arguing for Real Definitions 39 Chapter 4. “Mild(er) ” Criticism: Arguing for Founders’ Intent 67 Chapter 5. Modesty for the Masses: Implications and Conclusion 91 BIBLIOGRAPHY 97 iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There is no way to fully describe the support that so many have given to me. At best, I can offer a few words of thanks, suffice it to say that those mentioned here and many, many others deserve more praise than what words permit. Many thanks to my advisor, Dr. Kris Bruss. Her keen criticism, guidance, and patience were fundamental to this project. The gracious support she has given me has not only been academic, but spiritual as well. I am also very thankful for Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • 1991 Humanitarian Intervention in Kurdistan and Iraq’S Sovereignty
    1991 HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION IN KURDISTAN AND IRAQ’S SOVEREIGNTY For the first time, the U.N. Security Council had linked humanitarian concerns to international peace and security and had given humanitarianism greater weight than non-intervention. This paper argues that the resultant humanitarian intervention in Kurdistan in 1991 was legal. Resolution 688 deemed intervention valid on humanitarian grounds because of the gross human rights violations by the then Iraqi government against its own citizens, and because these actions constituted a breach of the peace. by Heval Hylan 1 _______________________________________________________________ Abstract i ABSTRACT Increased humanitarian intervention in last decades has raised a number of issues and questions pertaining to international law and the legal principles covering intervention. Intervention in Kurdistan in early 1990’s marked a turning point in the development of the international system, not because the United States-Alliance was in any way improper in freeing itself from the constraints of real politic and UN legitimacy, but because it demonstrated the limits of those constraints. Intervention in Kurdistan was not so much a violation of international law and the principle of non-intervention, as an example of the short-comings of a law drawn up half a century ago. This document is developed through an analysis of definition, history, Cold War and post-Cold War activity, and the moral issues inherent in intervention. A framework with which to view the issue of humanitarian intervention in Kurdistan is constructed around two mechanisms. The first is state sovereignty. The second is the belief that we have entered a new human rights era, with a new set of conditions by which to determine the best possible link between the legality and legitimacy of military intervention.
    [Show full text]
  • Estudios Públicos N° 33. 1989
    ENSAYO EL SOBRIO SIGNIFICADO DE LA DEMOCRACIA Samuel P. Huntington* Este ensayo plantea cómo el apoyo universal a la democracia se transformó en un desacuerdo general sobre su significado. Ello creó importantes proble- mas para la Academia y los intelectuales, de forma tal que se desplegaron enormes esfuerzos para reducir la confusión. Producto del debate surgieron tres definiciones de democracia, en términos de fuentes de autoridad, pro- pósitos o instituciones. De éstas, la última definición es la que se ha impues- to en los últimos veinte años. Y, según Huntington, la institución clave en una democracia es la elección de los líderes en eventos competitivos. Este hecho, elecciones regulares, competitivas, honestas y no excluyentes, tiene repercusiones económicas, militares y políticas que son tratadas en extenso por el autor. Resumen Después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial la palabra demo- cracia llegó a ser sinónimo de regocijo: todos estaban a favor de la democracia; sus diversos significados proliferaron, pero su sentido esencial desapareció. Algunos teóricos políticos intenta- ron atribuirle un significado, definiéndola de tres maneras. Se- gún una definición, se sostenía que un gobierno era democrático si la fuente de la autoridad era "el pueblo o, en ciertos casos, una * Director del Centro de Asuntos Internacionales de la Universidad de Harvard, profesor de Ciencia Política y autor de numerosos ensayos sobre temas políticos, militares y estratégicos. Su trabajo "Condiciones para una Democracia Estable" fue publicado en Estudios Públicos, 22 (Otoño, 1986). 6 ESTUDIOS PÚBLICOS determinada clase social como la burguesía o la clase trabajadora". Estas teorías son válidas para las comunidades pequeñas, pero no especifican la manera en que la autoridad que representa al gru- po gobernante se desempeñaría en una comunidad más grande.
    [Show full text]