◘ᗇ ᛈិ ⍹Ꮒጆ◘᥇ᮄዷᗇᐝ

ℙᎫ₎Ꮻⓘ◘᪇ ዷ➳ᾦ➱ᘥᤍỒᒭ៝ጱ፬ ᾀ◇

◘ᗇᛈិ ᝟ᖦ ◘᥇ᮄዷᦆᐝ

ൣၸȈіᗻስᏳ΢ߝҔ਀ȞKim Jong- William Palmer (1824 -1856)ȈҢܼऽ୾

ȞKim Jong-nam, StaffordshireϟRugeleyȂစளп஌๽Ңࣁᄙ࡚ ᅛعun, 1984-ȟ౵ҕबъߝҔ 1971-2017ȟ2017Ԓ2У13СαЀ8ਣ೩Ȃ଼ܼ Ȟextravagant lifestyleȟᇅȶϊҪᖜȷȞladies' ⍹Ꮒጆ◘᥇ᮄዷᗇᐝ ୾ርᐡൠτᢉ๊঑ੳᐡਣȂೞ manȟᆹӫȂйӶᚃᏱؒᏱϜഋȂစளೞ௢ۄӢ໫ٴ՚ٿ ȷȄStaffordᚃଲȞinfirmaryȟϏޑଓڦҁ༶৉՟ᓟഌȂ ȶᡆޠऐดαࠊυॣпݯԥషᡞ ឍР 2У24Сᖑ݃Ȉ ձਣȂਗ਼༽ܼ໾଩ЩᗊίࢴȂկુ݃ᜍȂ௚ٴ՚ٿଛᚃࡤԬκȄ଼ ࢑VXȄVXઢစࢴᏙ ӱ࣐ؗଝ፱ീᇅᗊ଼ȂᑗХѽ᚟༇ଡ଼Ȅ1847ޑϟࢴعయߝҔڗٿң ԥϥঐϊࡇȂيԥᐡᕦϾ ԒᇅAnn Brookes๗கȂᓎࡤޠȞvenomous agent Xȟ࣐΢ϏӬԚ ਣԬڌуѳঐϊࡇഎӶᔊڐ஽ կ࢑ଷՃτѵȂܓݢᏣȂࢴލȇ࢑ΚᆎϾᏱ᏾ޑઢစࢴޑӬ ҫጴໍΤٙᡞࡤȂ1-2ϸយᕟЍ κȂԬࠊуഎӶ౫ൠȂ۱ҕॷӒ፵ᅹȂկณܗ੩Ȃစπቆ φӱᓔ༅ԬκȂᕖூ13,000ۏ⚞Ȃ ᄃᐄȄ1854ԒܫԞᕼȇ2-4ϸយӼԯȂࢻళȇ5-10ϸយ Walter׺ߴჱכъڐഭ࿓Ȃัᡀȇ10-15ϸយԬκ1Ȅ ऽᚇ౪፬Ȃᓎࡤуέ෈

ᚃ৲஠ཿԇӶ኶ξԒȂҭޠӶւңᇅђ஽ ᓏȂดՅWalterϛఌᒭ൸ԬκȂߴᓏϵѨܣ ᗊ଼݊ڐ෥ ๙౪፬Ȅԫਣуέϑାᑟ༇ᇄȂՅܗᜌ།ড়ޤᏱᜌпᔔֆ੿΢ȂՅߩւңᚃᏱ ڨȂѡϭϜѵࠔϬԥϛ ЅJohn Parsons CookҔѾ፱଼τ崊ȂԪСٿড়у΢ȂดՅ19зखп ࢑ ᗝᇅPalmerఐᓢࡤȂ֊२੿ϛକȂΡСࡤԬڐᜌȂ།ড়у΢ȂЏޤЎᚃଡ଼΢সւңᚃᏱ Ȃ κȄӱ࣐Palmer෇ܼఐ৞ࠊᗋຶอФ㟫Յԥםయ΢ܼณޠȷᓘਂਂޑң᛿ٻᚃଡ଼΢সȶ φηೞίц໡෋ۏቸȂᗷดڨ΢সႲ ᒘయ༽ᅹೞ਑ޑࢴטঅூᚃଡ଼ᆔ౪ȃԋӓ΢সᇅᖞ Ȅ ᡜࡐȞexhumationȟȂկᜍᐄԥ४Ȃ࣐ᗘռ٪ ࿌ӵ໑Җ௒ᆲᇅഘቸყϛϵҔϟኈ៫Ȃ਱ӈ ӈȂτӼ኶࢑ᚃٲഀ៊య΢ޠᚃଡ଼α ݳଲȞCentral CriminalٲঘමϜѶӘژᙾಌ ୞ᐡϛѵоᆡڐϟȶᒘయȷȂޠៗ΢সԥҭ CourtȟቸցȂҦܼऽ୾ݳଲȂ൭ᡞ೾ளпݳ ઢ౵ளȃᒘଓȃ੊ኛȃ௒ᆲȃȶཐඎయ΢ȷ ݳଲҼೞᆏ࣐ՃٲȂࢉϜѶӘڴӶຘၿᆏܛଲ у๊঩ӱȄҐН୥ՄᆱஆڐȞmercy killingȟȃ ւȞOld BaileyȟȄดՅᗷดѬԥ௒ݸᜍᐄٕ Լऌϟഀ៊య΢Ҝӫ൑2Ȃᇅज୾West Virginia Ȟcircumstantial evidenceȟȂկစႇһϤၓୱ General Hospital ϟChristopher Holstegeᚃ৲ϟ Ȟcross-examinationȟࡤȂঘමഘቸყϬᇰ࣐ ᗀဏȂၑშҦᐍ౪ႇџ຀ӫϟᚃଡ଼΢সȂᙐ൑ ԥဍȂց೏ԬӘȄ1856Ԓ6У14СܼStaffordᆀ ܗޑւңҢϾݢᏣȃ᛿ܛϮಞуউᏱಭႇโȂ ᅱϵ໡๖ԬȂ֝Ж3࿳΢ᢏࣽȄ །΢ϟ௒ݸȂණᒻᚃࣩݨཏᇅႲ٪Ȅޑࢴ

಑8෈ Ѯѕѿᚂৱϴོོѐ 23ڢ2017ԑ಑61 ◘ᗇᛈិ Edward William PritchardȞ 1825- ႀܼ1881Ԓ12У3Сழ֥ԥ੪ᓟȞaconiteȟϟ 1865ȟȈ1825ԒҢܼऽ୾Hampshire੖ॗঢ় ងੀ៍Ьݏ೗ᑥȞDundee cakeȟՎ՟஝Ᏹਯ PortsmouthӒ௄ᚃ৲ಭᚃȂᓎࡤᖑᆏ ُཽPercy JohnࡤȂཧٚՎВᏎȂPercy Johnܼٯ৴Ȃ ᅛ ȃ๬ȃဘ๊ن⍹Ꮒጆ◘᥇ᮄዷᗇᐝܼ1846Ԓ౴ཿܼঘමKings College HospitalȂ ॶңࡤԬκȂݳᚃ஡दȃᆽ્ȃ пֆ౪ॗᚃȞassistant surgeonȟٙϸܼऽ୾ ၐಡᔯຝȂึ౫֥ԥ੪ᓟȂՅ೥ࢦ᛿׌ηึٯ ࣳঢ়੖ॗ݉ଡ଼ѳԒȂ1851ԒᇅནΜ൤൳ԥ๜ᆭ ౫Lamsonᚃ৲ܼ9Љࠊ෇ᗋຶ2ϵջ੪ᓟᇅ༞ ୬ȂLamsonᚃ৲ႀೞց೏ԬӘȄܼ1882Ԓ4У ٯ୧ϟυMary Jane Taylor๗கȄᓎࡤଞӃȂ ܼYorkshireȃGlasgowᐋӉঢ়৴ᚃ৲Ȟgeneral உ՘Ȅ

Іϥঐϊࡇ՟ Thomas Neill Cream (1850 –1892)ȈҢܼۏڐpractitionerȟȂ1863Ԓᇅ ල঱(Glasgow)Ȃ1854Ԓᓎঢ়΢ཀྵܝȂυ჋Ԭ ងੀ៍ੀدЭۊGlasgowਣȂঢ়ϜึҢᚕܼ ߴᓏ౪፬ߝȂ1864Ԓ ᎑Վђ਍τቀіջȂໍΤMcGillτᏱȂᓎࡤޠӱԫᕖூυ჋ٯκȂ ڨ1876ԒܼঘමSt Thomas's HospitalᚃᏱଲ௦ ܝੀٿҢ੿Ȃ۱ҕҦནΜ൤ۏڐဒ፜࿾ࠊσ ᛅѺυЅӱȶ෪ҾϜࢴȷԬڐල঱(Glasgow)ྲ៬ਣȂηϛ۸Ң੿Ȃܼ1865 ଌጜȂ1879Ԓ ज୾Ӂւᒜԏ߁ђ঱Ȃ܂3У17С݉ң ܼϊࡔࡤȂҴ֊ଡۏԒ2У25СӒџзȂPritchardϟ ӶᆧᐸЙߤߗஉཿȄ1881Ԓ7У14Сೞ௢ٯ ೏Р֥ԥᏊбϟ᛿ЬȞBattley's Sedativeܛڐ ȞJulia Abbey Stottȟۏ२ȂΡСࡤԬκȄᗷด һрอФ㟫๞ Stottϟ؂SolutionȟࡤȂ੿௒ ЊDaniel StottȞ1881Ԓ6У12СԬڐݳȞPharmacy Actȟ пᒘড়ٲ1868Ԓпࠊऽ୾ϟ᛿ ᛿ЬϜึ κȟȂᓎࡤೞցӘ15ԒȂկܼӁւᒜԏԏҴڐңȂկឍРӶٻᏊбϟښґ४ٯ ౫֥ԥ᎛Ȟantimonyȟᇅ੪ᓟȞaconiteȟȂ Jolietᆀᅱ݉Ә10Ԓࡤೞ೷ռមܺȞpleaded ऽ୾ঘමژೞ௢ȶᒘయȷȂӶݳ৴α for leniencyȟȄ1891Ԓ10УέӲٯPritchardᓎࡤೞ਑ ୣLambethဤЙȂ࿌ਣ࿌ӵп೵ጐȃ፳్ᇅݎ Pritchard஁ࡼఽҪณဍȂկݳۣίц໡෋ᡜᜍ ᎛Ȃႀ ҜဍᆹӫȄ1891Ԓ10У13СՎ1892Ԓ4У໣Ȃޠٙᡞϲࣲԥା໕ۏ۱ҕᇅڐࡤȂӱ࣐ "ԄEllen "NellieپೞۢဍȂց೏ԬӘȂӤԒ6У28Сஉ՘๖ӘȄ έԥ೩Ӽׁυೞίࢴయড়Ȃ George Henry Lamson (1852-1882) Ȉ঩ DonworthȞ19ྒȂ10У16СอФ㟫ϜࢴԬ ȞRomaniaȟᇅ κȟȂMatilda CloverȞ27ྒȂഷߒᇰ߾଩ᆡٴ᜺ܼᛴ଼Ѽע࣐ज୾ᚃ৲Ȃ Ȟvolunteer surgeonȟ Ϝࢴ10У20СԬκȟȂAlice MarshȞ21ྒȟןȞSerbiaȟ݉ٴ༭ᅮᆱ ࡤȂᙾՎऽੀ៍ޠ BournemouthஉཿȂLamson ᇅEmma ShrivellȞ18ྒȟࣲܼ1892Ԓ4У11С ᚃ৲Ґԥࢴ᠔ȞmorphineȟȂέӱ፱ീХίτ Ӕ໾֥อФ㟫ϟ༄୴଩ȞGuinnessȟϜࢴԬ Percy Johnܼ1881Ԓ12У κȄঘමឍРߒณᓟᆲȂᓎࡤӱ࣐у஛я೩כۏڐޤ༇ଡ଼Ȃூ์ 18СԒᅗ18ྒਣȂ஡Ѡ᝸ܜ3000ऽᚇϟᒹ౱Ȃ Ӽୢӫ߭ࡿ௢࢈ࣩ΢ςਗ਼Іαख़ᒘయ਱Ȃစ

಑8෈ Ѯѕѿᚂৱϴོོѐڢ2017ԑ಑61 24 ◘ᗇᛈិ ȶᒘయ࠳൤ȷȞmurder castleȟȂޠѣׁಭᄜᇅᒘ ήቺዃାڐȂࢦяྜٿ२ུ።ࢦୢӫ߭ ȂΡȃήዃࠍԥԄଝয়ۺу୧ڐড়Daniel StottϟКݳȂ1892Ԓ7У13Спᒘయ Κዃࢵഀ Ѭ૗ٳ໣Ȃԥܙ໣ณๆٿMatilda CloverକຨȂུᆹࣩпȶLambethίࢴ Ȟ mazeȟȂԥԼ ᅛ ໣Ȃٗඃ᠊ԣȞoddly angled ⍹Ꮒጆ◘᥇ᮄዷᗇᐝܙޠ޲ȷȞLambeth poisonerȟᆏϟȂഷࡤց೏Ԭ ௄ѵ໡ߟ ӘȂӤԒ11У5СܼNewgateᆀᅱஉ՘๖ӘȄӱ hallwaysȟȂ໧ఙณၰȂߟ໡ُᕔ๊Ȃц΢ܿ ໣ۧ೾ԥྰ੊ᆔȂᓎਣܙٳ໣Ȃԥܙޠ11У9С໣Ȃ Τᜳяژձ਱Кݳᇅ1888Ԓ8У7Сڐ࣐ ȂւңȶᒘయٿҪఁஇȞWhitechapelȟΚழȂ Ѡпц՟஝޲ȶ಍ਁȷȄήԒޠୣݎঘමܼ সϏȃ௒΢ȃ׺஝޲ȃࣦՎ੿ڐȶ໡ጰК ࠳൤ȷయড়ޠКݳഀ៊యড়ՎЎϥӫׁυףп෥ ലջȷȞJack The RipperȟࣻߗȂӐКη࢑Ӽ ΢ȂࡐᡞࠍӶӵίࡊ೏౪ԚөᆎᏣۣȃଽ࢝ уࠍпڐࣻᜱ൑՞ࡿ௢ᇅࢆᢑឍᄇȂђα༉ّ Ȟskeleton modelȟȂ୶ϡᚃᏱଲȂژԪ஛߭ ീ៕ཽࡤȂӱٿпҰԹЬྒྷࡐྟၭȂࡤܗ࢑ലջȌȄȷ ЭဪשԬࠊഷࡤංঐԆ࢑ᇴȈȶڐ Ȟ"I am Jack..."ȟȂҦܼુнᜍᐄȂй1888Ԓ စᔽϛෂ੊ՅՎ኉ԏȂӼঘӼȂຳ࠳ȂݱςႴ ٙӌҭࠊϬಁᇴીઽȂկ ๊ӵȂഷࡤ߾ӱBenjamin Pitezelჱᓏ຦෣ೞޠуϬӶᅱϜȂ઎Ӑ ८ᄈᘟᓟѯԬࠊഷࡤංঐԆၷ ਑ȄуҐᇅBenjamin PitezelङۢPitezelȶ୆ԬܼڐմȄܓѠ૗ ȃHolmesᇅࡢۏڐ௱ᘟ࢑ȈȶI am ejaculating.ȷȄ ࡤȷჱᓏ$10,000जϰȂҦޠѠ૗

Henry Howard HolmesȞ1860-1896ȟȈ ৲҂ϸȂуϛկܼ1894Ԓ9У2СయԬPitezelȂ ႀܼ1894Ԓ11ڐέӫHerman Webster MudgettȂҢܼज୾New ᓎࡤέయড়PitezelήঐϊࡇȂ HampshireȂ1878ԒᇅClara A. Lovering๗கȂ У7СܼݱςႴೞ਑ȂଛՎຳ࠳ቸցȂӲ៬ᇅ 1884Ԓ౴ཿܼUniversity of Michigan ᚃᏱଲȂ ཫࢦȶᒘయ࠳൤ȷࡤȂզॏуѠ૗యড়20Վ Ӷਯ෉໣෇୑ᡆ΢ᡞȃྒྷᚾࡐᡞȞdisfiguring 100΢Ȃस࢑ђα෇୥ђീ៕ཽՅѷᙺ޲Ȃࠍ ᖑᆏϛ۸ϟ᡺ቁԬܼཏѵȂᗚ ାႁ230΢Ȃഷࡤݳଲቸ౪пయড়27΢ۢဍȂٯcorpsesȟ ԥԞߴຳȞcollect insurance by policyȟȄ ೏пԬӘȄ 1887ԒέᇅMyrta Z. Belknap๗கȂՅਗ਼२க (1862 –1910)ȈҢ ȞbigamistȟȂ1894 ԒέᇅGeorgiana Yoke ܼज୾ஞ՚਴ColdwaterȂഷࡤԚ࣐ᇅᄈ઀ᕜ ӵ౱ȂӒ ݳȞallopathic doctorȟᚃ৲ϛӤϟȶ໸༗ᕜܙٲ๗கȄ౴ཿࡤཀྵՎ߁ђ঱Ȃ௄ ȞdrugstoreȟϏձȂࡤ ݳᚃ৲ȷȞhomeopathic doctorȟȂ1900ԒᇅܙӶHoltonᚃ৲ϟ᛿ ज୾ϟଌጜณݳ໸ւڐCoraಌ۩ऽ୾Ȃկۏ Ȃᒘড়ܙHoltonᚃ৲ӱᕝ઀џзȂႀຶί᛿ ூऽ୾՘ᚃϟၦੀȂҢࣁࣻ࿌֩ๅȂ1910ڦ Holtonᒹ᝖ࡤȂ1893ԒӶಒ63ຘᇅWallaceຘ ڐീ៕ཽȞWorld's Columbian Expositionȟ Ԓ1У31С৞ཽࡤȂCoraѷᙺȂCrippenᖑᆏِܼ ߖӲज୾ȂࡤέࡈᆏԬܼђԏȂӤਣуһۏ ෉໣໡೪ਢᓣȂέϛᘟȶᐍ࡛ȷԚΚ఩ຘቷȂ

಑8෈ Ѯѕѿᚂৱϴོོѐ 25ڢ2017ԑ಑61 ◘ᗇᛈិ ܂ϟυЅEthel Le Neve (1883 - 1967)ഥएᔝ ӘȄ

Coraϟՙ݉ᇅॷႻȂစCora݊ЅൣឍȂឍᄇ௦ ҰϣѳॣȞIshii Shiro 1892-1959ȟȈҢܼ ङၛCrippenᇅEthel Le Neveپᒳ਱ᄜٸ਱ࡤ

ᅛ СҐξဩᑫύݢଦξхҥ؇ђहϟӵлঢ়৴Ȃ എࡕ୾τᏱٶҴ 1920ԒпഛॗࣃልᏱҢၦੀ౴ཿٯ΢ഥดᡚམଡՎЩւਣBrusselsȂڎ⍹Ꮒጆ◘᥇ᮄዷᗇᐝࡤȂ ಒΚഛॗᚃଲϜடॗٶݎҦAntwerpཧ಼ȞSS MontroseȟȂ҉ᆘՎђ ᚃᏱഌȂ1921ԒӉ֊ ಡຄȃفȞτᏱଲҢȟःܛف਍τȂឍᄇཫસCrippenঢ়Ȃึ౫ϲً֥╭ષ ᚃȂ1924ԒΤः Ȟscopolamineȟϟࡐ༶Ȃႀ৥໡ଢ਑Ȃึя ፐҢᇅ੿౪ᏱȂ1927Ԓпȶੀ៍Ы໩ܓᚗ౩ ஍ٯഎࡕ୾τᏱᚃᏱീςȂٶȷᕖூف೾ጡцȂҔѾೞ಼ߞHenry George Kendallᇰ ຄϟः എτᏱᖃߞȞ֊ਯߞȟ૥Фசήॣϟυ૥Фٶ ӫ༽ҜӶ಼αȂڎឍРȂޤяȂႀңႬൣ೾ ݎȂ1931Ԓ9У18СȂСҐխᐄϜ୾ۏӫ༽ ఽφ࣐ڎႁቀіջਣȂี಼້਑ܱץឍᄇ಼ܼ ҜȂӱ࣐࿌ਣђ਍τ࣐ऽ୾ՍݾስȞBritish іȂ1932ԒҰϣӶࠥᅮᔼनጻݭ੹Ȟϥளᑫή ໑ഌ໦ȷȂ೪ॏя૗τ໕Ң౱ݎπȟӒ࡛ȶג ೞٯdominionȟȂ1910Ԓ7У31СӬݳ້਑Ȃ ȶҰϣԓஊᎵᡭȷȄ1936ԒҔԓӉȶᜱޠቸȂݳᚃ৲᏶ࡐ༶αϟҫጴȂ ಡຄڨ၍ଛӲऽ୾ ॗ٪࣬๞Ьഌȷഌ໦ߞȂӱ࣐໐࢈߭ጒ໦ဵݎ ᇰۢᇅCoraϟ੿ᐤଅᓄࣻӤȂഘቸყႀᇰۢ CrippenԥဍȂց೏ԬӘȂ1910Ԓ11У23Сܼ ࢑ȶᅗࢹಒΝήΚഌ໦ȷȂࢉᆏȶΝήΚഌ 3 ঘමPentonvilleᆀᅱஉ՘๖Ә Ȅ ໦ȷȂуޠКίԥώ৭ఽॗᚃЎէȃЋҥዑॗ George Chapman (1865-1903)Ȉ঩ӫ ᚃτடȞϾӫӁႁτடȟȃ➃ள२ॗᚃτடȃ Seweryn Antonowicz KáosowskiȂяҢܼݱ៍ ԟώఽॗᚃϜடȃԱπᙵዔॗᚃϜடȃቩҥဏ NagórnaȂ15ྒਣӒՎZwoleĔѵऌᚃ৲࿌ֆ ᕭ᛿ᏙϜடȞ૟ޫসȂҰϣѳॣޠυ൬ȟ๊Ȅ ޠі΢ς࿌ձᄃᡜݎϜ୾ޠѳঐУ฼෉ଌ စளւңೞ້਑ڨКȂࡤέܼ๽ؔPragaᚃଲ௦ РݳȄҢ౱ຄᆎҢޠಡຄ᏾فጜȂङܼ1887-1888Ԓ໣ܱႁऽ୾ঘමȂཱུӵ ȶ؆ਠȷȂпः Ϝή΢ഷࡤӱ ౱།൲ȃᓔ༅ȃ୚།൲ȃٖฮȃࣔઃȃჄ๊࣬ڐϛЎυςȂ܂ቬफȄуһٲ௄ іȂҰϣଡӲСҐȂݎңȶӦ଩ҰȷȞtartar-emeticȟϜࢴԬκȂ ಡຄȄ1945Ԓង߽խስٻ ռ؛ቸցȂկցٲՅЖึឍР።ࢦȂMary Spink (Ԭܼ1897Ԓ12 ᗷด᏾ࡤ෇ೞп᏾Ҝණକॗ У25С)ȂElizabeth "Bessie" Taylor (Ԭܼ1901 ຨȂ1959Ԓӱ൚ᓟᕝԬκ4-5Ȅ

Ԓ2У14С) ȂMaud Marsh (Ԭܼ1902Ԓ10У22 Marcel André Henri Félix Petiot (1897 С)ȂӦ଩Ұϲ֥τ໕ϰષ᎛ȞantimonyȟȂ –1946) ȈяҢܼݳ୾AuxerreȂՍϊᏱକ൸ϛ ᎛Ϝࢴ޲ᇅગȞṘᗸȟϜࢴԥ᜹ծ઀ޒȄ ݉ᆔఁȂτᓀϊႇϛᘟȞdelinquencyȟȂໍ ց೏ яᏱਯ೩ӼԪȂೞᇰ࣐ԥᆡઢ੾੿ȞmentalٯChapmanഷࡤӱᒘయMaud MarshକຨȂ ԬӘȂ1903Ԓ4У7СܼWandsworthᆀᅱஉ՘๖ illȟഷࡤ1915ԒӶВᏎ੬ఁੳȞspecial

಑8෈ Ѯѕѿᚂৱϴོོѐڢ2017ԑ಑61 26 ◘ᗇᛈិ ౫೩ӼࡐᡞȂࣻ߭ᔗ࢑ȶߢ਴ึܛ՟ڐeducationȟ౴ཿȂ1916Ԓ1УᔗኊΤӃ୥ђ 2УӶ ၶ՚ᙡȂ1944ݎଡκ޲ȷȂᓎࡤ7У໣уέי །ȃ֝ࢴڨಒΚԪзࣩτ᏾ȂӶॗϜέԥ Ȟgassedȟȃᆡઢ஬ዜȞmental breakdownȟ Ԓ 10УӶВᏎӵ២ೞ਑ਣȂᓎٙԥКᅂΚ ᅛ ᗷӱ୑ᡆЪ Мȃ50ӈٙϸᜍ݃ᇅ31,700ݳਮȄᔯᄇۣഷࡤ ⍹Ꮒጆ◘᥇ᮄዷᗇᐝٿՅଛՎᆡઢᚃଲᕜᎵȂࡤޒ઀๊ ூ2ቈݳॣϛݳւઊȞlootȟڦٯ෨Τॗ΢ᆀᅱȂկϬܼ1918ԒଛӲࠊጤȂด пᒘయ27΢ ڽስ କຨȂ1946Ԓ3У८ᄈ135ӈӘ਱Ȃ60ӈٯՅή࢒෉ࡤՍϐпᅂᔟ٘ഌࡤଛ൸ᚃȂ ೞড়΢ٳᖑ݃೼ٯॏฬȂ ਱ȂуॷӒഎ៞пณဍȂي།෥ߝଞӃȄଞӃࡤђΤඉ঩ఁڦ ࣐೾ኴ޲ܗ࣐ᚗ२໣ᒙȞdouble agentȟȂܗ пΥঐУਣ໣׈ԚᚃᏱଲࡤȂໍΤEvreuxᆡઢ ዗יᚃଲȞEvreux mental hospitalȟᄃಭȂ1921Ԓ ȞcollaboratorȟȂҭࠊഎ׾ӫඳۘӶߢ਴ ೾ኴܗᇰ19΢Ȃկഎ࢑኉୾΢ܜூᚃ৲ၦੀȂկηܼᄃಭ෉໣ཱུϜණ ᙡϜȂഷࡤѬڦ12У ഭ᎗ᏙȞnarcoticsȟȃߩݳቬफ๊ȶᔫ࢐՘ ޲Ȅݳଲп26໷ᒘయဍԚҴȂց೏ԬӘȄ1946ٽ ࣐ȷȞdubious medical practiceȟȄ1926Ԓᇅ Ԓ5У25СଛαᘟᓟᇄȞguillotineȟ6Ȅ

੿΢ϟυһ܂Κࢳਣ໣ࡤȂυЅѷᙺȂᓎࡤᝰ Jeffrey Robert MacDonaldȞ1943-ȟȈя ሓКࢳാᒶࡤȂ1927Ԓ๗ ҢܼвຶђȞJamaicaȟȂ൸᠟඾ݔලႴτᏱڡᒶϊᚋҀߞȂп கȂᓎࡤӱᖬޫϵ෢ȞembezzlementȟȂ1931 ȞPrinceton UniversityȟਣȂ1963ԒᇅߨధԽ ԒџᙜȂ1932Ԓέ࿌ᒶҀឋসȞcouncilorȟȂ ଼ӤᏱColette Stevenson๗கȂ1964Ԓ4Уߞυ ᓎࡤέӱᡆႬџᙜՅཀྵՎВᏎஉཿȄ1936Ԓ KimberleyяҢȂήԒࡤཀྵঢ়Վ߁ђ঱ȂΤ՚ έӱȶ୑ᡆᘽȷȞkleptomaniaȟ฼෉Τଲᚃ іτᏱȞNorthwestern UniversityȟᚃᏱଲȂ ݾȂ෉໣Ϭೞ௢ଡใȞtax evasionȟȂΡԪτ 1967ԒԪυKristenяҢȂ1968Ԓ౴ཿȂӒՎ ϛᄃᚃᏱᜍ݃пᗘռݳ୾ϵҖ ઺ङColumbia Presbyterian Medical Center׈Ԛڏ᏾෉໣Ȃ෇я ાԏBragg൤ȞFortٿңഭ ᄃಭᚃ৲ࡤȂܼіћᛴٻೞଛՎ኉୾஽य़ഽ୞Ȃ1942Ԓӱႇ࡚ ᎗ᏙՅೞᆵᗭ2,400ݳਮȄупЏߝᚃ৲ȞDr. Bragg, North CarolinaȟΤӃȂ1969ԒӉᆧࡶ ֆ኉୾խስୣϟ ൿȞGreen BeretsȟॗᚃȄ1970Ԓ2У17СটڟEugèneȟ࣐ӫȂຏᄻѠп Ȃؑ΢Ԟຳ25,000ݳਮȄկ ఒ3ਣ42ϸȂBragg൤ᖃᐡȞdispatcherȟ௦ᕖיݳ୾΢ଡՎߢ਴ །೾ൣȷȞstabbingȟȂᏵսՎ౫ൠึ౫ڗሰ्ᆎา࣐ҦȂՅݨ ȶۻ࢈יԞຳࡤέпߢ਴ φࣲϑۏMacDonaldᚃ৲ϟߞυȃԪυᇅᛅѺ ڐԬκࡤȂӕխԥڐȞcyanideȟцޑ⑴Ͼৣ །ᇅᔣ།Ȃйԥ޳༴ڗҐ΢Ӽ೏ڐԬȂڗతࡐᡞܼ༭ાݭȞSeineȟȃЭ ೞܨٯࠣޑ२ີ ੕ܼҢҰԹྒྷతՅय൳Ȅ1943Ԓ኉୾ᇑ ടȞlung collapseȟȂҴ֊ଛՎᚃଲᚃݾࡤඉܗฐ ϛಓٯзЋߴȞGestapoȟખᕖ၏ಣᙒȂ້਑ѳ΢Ȃ ঩ȄดՅॗР።ࢦึ౫Ȃ౫ൠ҉ି౸ၭ ඣख़ԥή΢߮ΤၭຬȂйήᆎϷᏣȞ၍ܛڐή΢ೞᆀ࿲8ঐУȂ1944Ԓ1УមܺȄ1944Ԓ Ӭ

಑8෈ Ѯѕѿᚂৱϴོོѐ 27ڢ2017ԑ಑61 ◘ᗇᛈិ ঢΧscalpelȃӖᢤice pickȃФූlumber,ȟҐ ܫޫܼӁւᒜԏQuincyଦఀៗ໦চᙜȂ1983 ԥȂђαѳ΢՗࠯ Ԓ7УՎ঱ঘҁҀϟ߽ҽ߽ԏҴτᏱȞOhioܛ৲ࣲ឵ܼMacDonaldᚃٿ ϛӤȂ౫ൠ՗షϸҁᡘұᔗ࢑MacDonaldᚃ State Universityȟߤ឵ᚃଲઢစѵऌӉ՟ଲᚃ ᅛ ȞManson ৲Ȟsurgical internshipȟȂ෉໣ึҢ7ӈ੿ொٲ⍹Ꮒጆ◘᥇ᮄዷᗇᐝ৲ዂҾᚖᇭȞEsquireȟϟᒘయࢉ ።ࢦȞperfunctoryܓ՘پFamily murdersȟпؒ಴ဍȂႀܼ1970Ԓ ઢબԬκ਱Ȃစႇ υӫဏକຨMacDonaldȂ investigationȟȂᚃଲӱ࣐ҔഈȶᚃᕜޮીȷۏУ 1 Спయড় 5 ȶఽҪȷȂկ्ڐစႇ5 ঐУ៞፤Ȃ1970Ԓ 10УॗРᄥӲࡿ ӡᐡȂ୳৽уЇຨȂՅӲඉ ௢ȂMacDonaldூпᄹ៘ଞӃȞhonorable у1984ԒᚕᙜйಥٙϛᓄңȄ dischargeȟȄดՅυРঢ়឵ϛ݉Ȃ1974Ԓ፝ؒ 1984Ԓ 7 УѬԂ२ӲAdamsଦఀៗ ӕቸȞcomplaintȟȂ1974Ԓ8УԚҴτഘቸყ ໦ȞAmbulance ServiceȟӉఀៗসᙜ Ȟemergency medical technicianȟȂ10Уӱ ٲȞgrand juryȟӕቸȂMacDonaldᚃ৲пȶΚ ϛӕ౪ȷȞdouble jeopardyȟᇅഁቸȞspeedy ӶӤϧॶޑϜίࢴȞગᇅయᜁᏙȟՅೞ਑Ȃ Ȃӓ਱ᔯ 1985Ԓ8У23Сӱђ२།ড়ဍȞaggravatedڨtrialȟ׫៞ȂկґೞಒΚቸݳۣ௦ Рᜍ݃߾MacDonaldՍᏳՍᅌȂ1979Ԓ8У29 batteryȟۢဍȂೞցԥ෉৷ӘϥԒȂΤᅱ СԚҴΚঐΚ઼ᒘయဍȞfirst-degree ήԒࡤӱ՘ً࣐ԂᕖមȄ1989ԒӶᆱӢѼ Newport NewsӉᄃᡜ׭೛সȞLaboratoryٴ in the death of KristenȟȂΡঐΡ઼ᒘయဍ Ȟsecond-degree murder in the deaths of Colette TechnicianȟȂ1991ԒᚕᙜࠊȂϵѨӤϧ ңୄആΤᅱ঩ٻณ෉৷ӘȂ1979Ԓ Ӽ΢ϛᎍȄ1992Ԓ 3 УӒ؛and KimberleyȟȂೞց ஡ԥ෉ٯ11У20Сစಒѳ١ଠαຨݳ৴ȞFourth Circuit ӱ࣐ȶିዎȷȞfistfightȟ།ড়Ȃ Court of AppealsȟሼӲȄ ৷ӘϥԒϟ२ဍȞfelonyȟ׾࣐6ঐУሇဍ ڐୄᆏᆱԏԏߞϑӲඉٯMichael Joseph Swango (1954-) ȈяҢ ȞmisdemeanorȟȂ ܼज୾๽౿ႴԏTacomaϟॗ΢ঢ়৴Ȃ1972Ԓ ϵҖ᠍ȞRestoration of Civil Rightsȟ๊НਫȂ ӁւᒜԏQuincy Notre DameାϜ౴ཿࡤђ ໸ւҨ፝Ԛ࣐ࠓႁऌ༲ԏងᘲҀȞSioux Falls, Τ੖ॗഛ᏾໦ȞMarine CorpsȟȂ1976Ԓᄹ South Dakota.ȟᄹҖᚃଲȞVeterans Affairs ៘ଞӃȞhonorable dischargeȟȂᓎࡤໍΤ Medical Centerȟϲऌ՟ଲᚃ৲Ȃ1992Ԓ10У Quincy CollegeȂ1979ԒໍΤࠓӁւᒜτᏱ Ӫज୾ᚃ৲ཽȞAmerican Medical Association ҜୄആڐᚃᏱଲȞSouthern Illinois University Medical ᙐᆏAMAȟҨ፝ΤཽਣȂϘึ౫ ᠜ НਫဍȂដҜᖓ٥ݳࡢȂᖓ٥።ࢦ׌ϮΤ።תSchoolȟȂ1982ԒӶஐ౱ऌُಭਣӱȶ ᙺၭȄڐ੿ᐤȷංоೞଞᏱȂկഷࡤпஐ౱ऌȶ२ ࢦࠊȂӱᄹҖᚃଲ᜞ଞӶࠊȂѷџ ෉Վ1983Ԓ4У౴ཿȂ෉໣уϬ 1993Ԓ4УуӪ઺ङԏҴτᏱҰྪϸਯȞState۾ଌȷȂՅ

಑8෈ Ѯѕѿᚂৱϴོོѐڢ2017ԑ಑61 28 ◘ᗇᛈិ ࿌ӵަڨȂሴܛUniversity of New York at Stony Brook School ஆቺᚃ৲ཿȂ1993ԒՍ೪ຩ of MedicineȟҨ፝ᆡઢऌ՟ଲᚃ৲Ȃ໸ւ ୣི२Ȅ1998Ԓ3УစளӔӤ᛬ဎShipmanᚃ Վ՞ܼߞ৭ϟᄹҖᚃଲȞNorthport Veterans ৲ԬκຩᘟਫϟLinda Reynoldsᚃ৲Ȃӱึ౫ ᅛ Administration Medical CenterȟӉᙜȂᓎࡤ Shipmanᚃ৲ϟՃԒυܓ੿΢ԥȶାԬκᇅЭ ⍹Ꮒጆ◘᥇ᮄዷᗇᐝ ᚃଲέึҢ੿ொઢબԬκ਱Ȃ1993Ԓ10Уӕ ဪ౦ȷȞhigh death rate with large number of ੬៍τҀӏ cremation formsȟȂȶញூȷShipmanᚃ৲ԥٴ࡚ೞ᜞ଞȂ1994Ԓ2УпϾӫՎ ႬၰݗϵѨȞPhotocircuitsȟӉϏโ৲Ȃ1994 ȶయড়ȷȞkillingȟ੿΢ϟ༽ȂᗷดReynolds ܗԒ12У27Сึя້਑цȄSwangoϑܼ1994Ԓ ᚃ৲ณݳጃۢ࢑֐ԥȶඍཏȷȞmaliceȟ 11УՎٛВࡅၰ኉ཽMneneᚃଲӉᙜȂկ࢑ϛ ࢑ȶႇѷȷȞmalpracticeȟȂկϬՎ॓ೱࠓ ԥᜱϟ ୦ᄖල੬ȞSouth ManchesterȟᡜࡐۣȞJohnڐΚԒ෉໣ȂMneneᚃଲึҢ኶କᇅژ ې੿ொઢબԬκ਱Ȃᗷೞ້਑կܼቸցࠊσଡ Pollardᚃ৲ȟ೏Ȃߵ፝ᡜࡐۣݨཏȂᡜࡐۣ ճRoyal ፝ឍР೥ࢦήঐУȂߒؐࢦณᄃᐄȄܝ჎ܼؔ੪ӵߢڨκȂ1997Ԓ6Уӱ ூؔ୾᛬ 1998Ԓ 6 У 24С HydeࠊҀߞKathleenڦHospital in DhahranȂ҇໹Ӳज ᜍȂуѬԂࠄᓏӲजȂ๗ݏӶ߁ђ঱O'Hareᐡ GrundyυςԬκȂᒹᡦᒹᜓȞbequeathedȟ38 ڌൠೞ਑Ȃ2000ԒпᒘయဍᇅୄആНਫဍକຨȂ ࿳6000ऽᚇ๞Shipmanᚃ৲ȂЖକGrundyυ ᗷดѠ૗Ӷᚃଲϲᒘయ30-60΢Ȃ2000Ԓ7Уܜ ϟᛅᅹȂစ໡෋ᡜࡐȂึ౫Grundyυςԥȶ੖ 7 ᇰή໷ᒘయဍࡤȂց೏ณ෉৷Ә Ȅ ࣅӱȷȞheroinȟϜࢴϟ༽ȂឍРႀܼ1998 ܼڐHarold Frederick Shipman (1946-2004)Ȉ Ԓ9У7С້਑Shipmanᚃ৲Ȃᔯᄇۣ።ࢦ ԥѳφȄ 1995Վ1998Ԓ໣ȂӔᒘড়15՞੿΢Ȃܼ1999يҢܼऽ୾ȂӒܼ1966Ԓ๗கȂ ቸȂ2000Ԓ1У31Сഘቸڨٯஉ Ԓ10У5Сକຨٯ1970ԒҦऽ୾LeedsτᏱᚃᏱଲ౴ཿȂ Ȃय15ޑࠓРϟϊᚋPontefractᆤ ყпࢉཏഀ៊пݨৣdiamorphine᛿ݎᚃ৲ཿܼLeeds ӬᕜᎵଲȞGeneral InfirmaryȟȂ1974ԒՎ ΢ԬκȂᇰۢԥဍȞconvictedȟȂݳۣӔց 15ঐณ෉৷ӘȞlife sentenceȟȂ࡛ឋȶಥ؛ ՚ङջଦȞWest YorkshireȟHalifax ᚋ՚Р 12ऽশϟTodmordenӉஆቺᚃ৲ȞGeneral ٙᆀ࿲Ȃϛூ୆មȷȄ2002Ԓ2УȂȶᚃᕜஉ ȷȞGMCȟ஡ShipmanଷӫȂShipmanཽ࣐ې PractitionerȟȂ1975Ԓӱᕁ໡ପ՚ҚȞforging ଞӅԒߝȞNHS pensionȟȂڐΠᡲᒹ឵ߴԥ רprescriptions of pethidineȟՍңȂՅΤ ݾϜЗȞdrug rehabilitation clinicȟ฼෉ 2004Ԓ1У13СܼᅱϜՍయԬκȄ ݾᕜȂ1977ԒᙾՎτ୦ᄖල੬ȞGreater ݳଲϬࡿۢDame Janet Smithݳۣࡼ៊። ManchesterȟHydeҀϟDonneybrookᚃᏱϜЗ ࢦȞShipman InquiryȟȂ2005Ԓ1У27Сಒ6Ԫ ȞMedical CentreȟȂ1980Ԓх᝸៊ܼHydeஉ ።ࢦൣ֚ᡘұȂ1971ԒՎ1998Ԓ໣ȂShipman

಑8෈ Ѯѕѿᚂৱϴོོѐ 29ڢ2017ԑ಑61 ◘ᗇᛈិ ѠȄऽ୾ፐҢഌᡘด्໡ۗȶ७մȷᚃᕜ֊ܓ ড়޲ȂڨϜ250΢Ѡ૗࣐ڐӔစК459ӈԬຩȂ ȷȞfitness-to-practiceȟϟܓᎸӱ߾ShipmanΚ΢စКȂᜳпᘫဍܼуȄ ஠ཿ΢সȶᎍӉڐ ցᘟዀྦȂпђ஽ᄈᚃᕜ஠ཿ΢সϟᆔ౪ȄҼ ېࡿȶᚃᕜஉޣٯ።ࢦൣ֚ණяԼ໷࡛ឋȂ ᅛ ਱ӈዀྦȷȂȶखٲȷ஡௵ȶҖז⍹Ꮒጆ◘᥇ᮄዷᗇᐝཽȷȞGMCȟ॓ೱϟȶᚃ৲ᎍӉȷᇅȶᚃᕜ ֊ȶᎍӉโ ਱ӈዀྦȷ8-9Ȅٲȷ௵ȶӘזࠣ፵ȷᆔ౪ѷంȂሰ्ȶ׾९ȷȂՎЎ्஡ᚃ ࡢโ

ড়޲ϟঢ়឵Ȃ2005Ԓ7У30ڨಣԚ΢኶τൾ෶ЎՎ50%пίȂп٪Ц᜹ծ Җ໣࣐ኮኒ৲ ϵ༫ᆏ࣐܉࡛खܦড়޲ڨӈӕ࡚ึҢȄ СܼHydeҀϵ༫࣐ٲ ȷȞGMCȟѫѵᇰۢ6՞Ӕ ȶᄀᓘ༫ȷȞGarden of TranquillityȟȄཽېȶᚃᕜஉ Ӥ᛬ဎԬຩȂঠ೩ЭϾϟᚃ৲Ȃ࿌ਣᔗԥ૗Ω ᢒ᫓ᗐᏸ◬ᥳ᣾ᝢᣌᗓ ޲໣ϟȶୱڎϸᒲShipmanܼঢ়೥ࡤ੿΢Ԭκ John Bodkin AdamsȞ1899-1983ȟȈ ᚡȷȂՅഥࣲȶณᅹȷȂԥᖬᙜԉȂࢉ௢п 1921Ԓ౴ཿܼऽ୾іནᅮ៍ϟQueen's ȶϛҔ՘࣐ȷȞmisconductȟȂһрȶ՘࢈೏ ՎBristolࣳঢ়ᚃଲٯUniversity BelfastȂ ϸȷȂկഷࡤ6՞ᚃ৲ࣲпȶณ՘࢈౶ѷȷ๗ ȞBristol Royal Infirmaryȟ࿌՟ଲᚃ৲ֆ౪ ਱Ȅ Ȟassistant housemanȟΚԒȂ1922ԒՎऽ୾ ऽ୾ፐҢഌߞȞSeretary of State for ݎࠓSussex ଦEastbourneӉঢ়৴ᚃ৲Ȟgeneral Healthȟܼ2007Ԓ2У21СึߓȶҪҫਫȷ practitionerȟȂᗷดஉཿঢ়৴ᚃ৲ਣȂծоґ ȞTrust, Assurance and Safety, The Regulation ښуӤཿϟȶӔᔽڐӤཿϟ᠎ߕȂ୥ђژڨ૗ of Health Professionals in the 21st CenturyȟȂ ࡚ȷȞpool systemȟȂуܼ1941Ԓᕖூഭ᎗ᜍ ஡ђ஽ȶᆔ౪ȷᚃᕜ஠ཿ΢সȂԄȶᎍӉܓȷ ȶdiploma in anaestheticsȷȂ໋ؑΚСՎᚃྲ Ȟfitness-to-practiceȟؑϥԒՄਰΚԪȂђ ଲϟഭ᎗ഌϏձȄ ஠ཿᜍྲུ؂஽௢ᆔԬκຩᘟਫࢻโȂۢ෉ 1956Ԓងੀ៍ឍൠ።ࢦAdamsᚃ৲ܼ Ȟrelicensingȟᇅਞ෉ȞrevalidationȟȂ஡ᑀ 1946-1956Ԓ໣ܛ໡яޠ310஼ԬκຩᘟਫȂ সȷЩ౦ණା࣐50%ȂېҴ።ࢦϟȶߩᚃᕜ ȂйޑϜ163ӈԬ޲Ңࠊഎ෇ೞݨৣϛ݃᛿ڐ ђ஽ȶࣳঢ়ᏱଲȷȞRoyal CollegeȟϟᏱ೛ Adamsᚃ৲ηளளཽӒМ໡ྲ៬Ԭ޲ޠៗςࡤ -ȷȞfitnessזՔȂᚃᕜ஠ཿ΢সȶᎍӉโِ ឍᄇٲȂӤԒ4У17СȂAdamsೞӘޑݨৣ᛿ ٲto-practice procedureȟϟցᘟዀྦҦȶӘ ȞMetropolitan Police's Murder Squadȟ້਑Ȃ ਱ӈዀྦȷ๊Ȃऽ୾ٲ਱ӈዀྦȷ׾࣐ȶҖ ऽ୾ᚃ৲ϵཽȞBMAȟҴ֊ܼ4У24Сึߓᖑ ณѠᛅᅹȞbeyondژ਱ӈዀྦȷ࣐ႁٲȶӘ ឍٲԥEastbourneϟᚃ৲ȂसೞӘܛȂණᒻ݃ reasonable doubtȟංоԼϸϟԼޠጃᇰᜍᐄȇ ᄇଊୱਣȂ्൶२ᇅᝓԉ੿΢ᇅᚃ৲໣ϟᐡஞ пαϟѠ૗%51ژ਱ӈዀྦȷࠍѬሰႁٲȶҖ

಑8෈ Ѯѕѿᚂৱϴོོѐڢ2017ԑ಑61 30 ◘ᗇᛈិ Ȟpatient confidentialityȟȂӘឍϛூϑࡷ೥ऽ ஠ཿঘ౪ϟՄ໕Ȃस࢑ᚃ৲՘࣐Ґ፵Ȟnature ޠၿ኉ณ࿄౹ȂϛᔗпϛԂܗȶಌଷ࿲цȷȂկऽ୾ᚃ৲ϵ of the actȟҔ࿌ڐ୾ᚃ৲ϵཽ፝ ፤ᘟᚃ৲ϟ՘࣐ȄӱԫȂݏȟ๗ޠϛདྷ्ܗ2՞ᚃ৲Ȅ ȞژҴൠ஁ۢȂӘឍഷࡤѬ೥ୱཽ ᅛ २ᘉᇅᔯᄇۣᔗᜍ݃ ⍹Ꮒጆ◘᥇ᮄዷᗇᐝޠ1956Ԓ11У24СᔯРࡼȶӡᓏ᛿ࠣݳȷ Ґ਱्ԚҴҜဍȂଇ፤ Ȟthe Dangerous Drugs Act, 1951ȟཫસಊȂཫ ϟ೏࢑ᚃ৲ԥณȶࢉཏȷȞintentionȟȂՅߩ Ȅစႇ17Љϟቸ౪Ȃݏႇ࡚ЖକԬκϟඍޑȂ௄ґ ᛿ٿȂึ౫AdamsՍ1949Ԓпܛસᚃ৲՟ ңख ݳۣഷࡤࡿұȞdirectiveȟഘቸყȈȶӱ࣐Ґٻȶӡᓏ᛿ࠣݳȷ೤ۢีଅӡᓏ᛿ࠣϟٸ ณѠژᓄȞDangerous Drugs RegisterȟȂӤਣηึ౫ ਱߾пᒘయဍକຨȂᒘయϟᜍᐄ҇ሰႁ ң ᛅᅹϟโ࡚ȂпҐ਱ՅّȂᒘయ՘࣐҇໹пٻ֊՞ུԬκ੿΢ȂҼԥґ໡೏Рڎѫѵԥ Ȅ ஠ঢ়ᜍມ࣐ᜍ݃Ȟthe act of murder has to beם༞୬ϟ௒ proved by expert evidenceȟȄȷഘቸყଞৱ Edith Alice Morrell࢑81ྒй൳ԥᄁ۩ϟυ ࡤȂစႇ44ϸយଇ፤Ȃ1957Ԓ4У15СΚयց ςȂη࢑Adamsྲ៬ϟ੿΢Ȃ෇ᑰொဟϜॴ୒ AdamsณဍȞnot guiltyȟȄᔯРᓎࡤѬԂᄥ؛ ᡪȃॴᕇฯȂՍϐ჎ңៗςྲ៬ȄAdamsᚃ৲ ӲѫΚᒘయHullettϟຨ೫Ȟnolle prosequiȟȄ ࣐ΠֆએᇅЦฯȂӶ1950Ԓ11У13СMorrell ณဍȂկ࢑ᚃٲȂ Adamsᚃ৲ᗷดӘ׃ԬκࠊΫঐУȂӔ๞ϡ1,629.5ϵջВЩ ȞGMCȟᓎࡤᇰۢу೏Р຦෣ཽې164.933ϵջ༞୬Ȃ139.5ϵջ੖ࣅӱȄMorrell ଡ଼ᆔ ᐄᒹᡦЭϾȂଽԹηҴ֊ Ȟprescription fraudȟ13ԪȃЭဪੀԓആ୆ٸڔԬκࡤAdamsҴ ೤ۢߴ੽ٸካӶऽঘ੖২Ȅ Ȟlying on cremation formsȟȃґ ӡᓏ᛿ࠣีଅȃֺড়ឍРᇕᜍȞobstructing a пٯAdamsܼ1956Ԓ12У19Сೞ້਑Ȃ police searchȟ๊঩ӱȂಥٙ࿲Цӡᓏ᛿ࠣ೏ ȶᒘయȷȞmurder of MorrellȟϟဍӫକຨȂ ȄרР᠍ȂኁЦஉཿஉྲ3Ԓп࣐ᛄ 1957Ԓ1У24Сᖟ՘ȶᇰဍ᠚ᜍȷȞcommittal ࡚ࡤॷ՞ӱȶᒘښឋᔗϵ໡ቸցȞtrialȟȂR v Ґ਱࣐ऽ୾ᄃࢋϵᚃ؛hearingȟȂ ңȶᚗਞ঩ٻپAdams਱ႀܼ1957Ԓ3У18С໡৴ȄҐ਱࣐ యȷೞକຨϟᚃ৲Ȃη࢑ॷ Ȃኈ៫౐ሊȄѫѵȂऽ୾Ӷپ਱ޠ࡚ࡤȂॷ՞ӱȶᒘ ࠍȷ៞ៗښऽ୾Ս1948Ԓᄃࢋϵᚃ ޠЖᐄܛαȂ࣐٪Цஉݳ޲ϟ୒ُזโٲဍକຨϟᚃ৲Ȃऽ୾ᚃ৲ཽΫϸ२ ӘٲయȷӘ ҔဏٲຝȂଷ्ؒᚃ৲ᝓԉ੿΢ᇅᚃ৲໣ϟᐡஞ ᜍᐄೞϛ࿌ϵ໡Ȃ1967Ԓঔ׾ȶӘ ȞconfidentialityȟѵȂηණяҐ਱ᔗ၏ᎍң ݳȷȞCriminal Justice Act 1967ȟϱ೩ೞ֚ԥ ࢑ȶЦฯȷՅ ᠍ܼݳଲϵ໡ቸ౪ࠊȂӒѣ໡ȶᇰဍ᠚ᜍȷޠȶᚗਞ঩ࠍȷȂ֊ᚃ৲ݾᕜҭ ңȂݳࡢαϛ Ȟcommittal hearingȟȂᗘռ൭ᡞȶґቸӒٻϛ࢑ȶᒘయȷȂӶӬ౪ϟጓ൝ 10-11 ȄᙐّϟȂȶᚗਞ঩ࠍȷ࢑ ցȷȂֺড়ᚃ৲ೞ֚ϟӫ៘ ȄݏඍڐᔗѬຠቌ

಑8෈ Ѯѕѿᚂৱϴོོѐ 31ڢ2017ԑ಑61 ◘ᗇᛈិ ԄȈӱҔ࿌پᶬ⅃ ౪Մ໕঩ࠍȞethical criteriaȟȂ

-ፐՅϛூϛ།ড়у΢Ȟhomicidal self٪שഀ៊య΢ҜȈഀ៊య΢Ҝέᆏȶഀᕘయ Ս ᐄȄᒘయȃཐඎయ΢ȃԋٸdefenseȟϟঘ౪

ড়޲ΚঐέΚঐӵయড়ȂӼڨױᅛ КȷȂ࢑యК ᚃᕜ໣ϟࣩ४Ȃђαڸ⍹Ꮒጆ◘᥇ᮄዷᗇᐝ኶࢑ᒘయȄయКϟЗ౪೾ளᇰ࣐࢑ΚᆎᡑᄙЗ ዆ԬȃՍดԬᇅԋᄀጦ ࣐Ϝ ȶᚗਞ঩ࠍȷϟᎍңጓ൝Ȃঅூ౐Τ௥ଇȄשੀѠৼȂпՍܓ౪Ȃ࢑ᆡઢ੾੿ึձȂ Ȃయ΢ ᎍңᚗਞ঩ࠍ҇໹ಓӬѳ໷఩ӈȈΚȃ՘࣐ڽҢޠϾȂൊ᠎ᐈᖄᄈРޑܓЗȂᄈ΢ ၿ኉ณ࿄ܗདȂ Ґ፵Ȟnature of the actȟ҇໹Ҕ࿌ץኔϟᅗ٘ᇅܓԥܗȂޕԄయᒉᜁȃᒦȃ ޠϟКࢳᇅРݳѠ૗ึҢϛԂ௵ܛ՘߱фဏȶ෈Љ՘ၿȷȄ ౹ȇΡȃܗ࣐ݳۣȂڽՍܗ ߩߵԚ๢ٯݏਞޠȂՅϛԂݏᇅ๢ཏਞݏዂԓȷȂ ਞۢڿ੬ኊȂ൸࢑ȶޠഀᕘయКഷτ ϟӱȞthe bad effect can not cause goodݏయ΢୞ᐡȃయ΢ዂԓпІయড়ᄈຬഎϛሇܿ׾ ཏਞ Յݏ๢ཏਞژయ΢՘࣐࢑࣐Π् effectȟȇήȃ՘࣐Кࢳ࢑्ႁޠᡑȂ೼࢑ӱ࣐ഀᕘయК Ȟthe agent cannot intendޠ࣐ҭݏਞޠጣࢉȄ೼ঐȶГ ߩϛԂޠГདྷޠۢڿᅗ٘ЗҭϜΚঐ ȷпІȶ᠍ΩȷԥᜱȂ the bad effectȟȇѳȃւઊְᒌȞproportionateܓȶڸ܂܂ϲৡޠདྷȷ 12-16 τ Ȅݏਞޠሊၷඍݏ౫ᄃ಴࿾ȂӱԫഀᕘయКӼљϛ reasonȟȈ๢ཏਞڸԣȃװϲৡ ୾ଷԥש՘࣐ԥᓀȂՅйؑႥΚࢳਣ໣൸҇ ᚃ৲୒ৰ՘࣐ϟᕥҔᇅႲ٪ȈޠញூՍϐ ѵȂᜳռᚃםГདྷȂయ΢ዂԓηංо ӓҖୋஷߴᓏȶଓଡ଼ӭᆨȷϟ௒ޠ໹्ӕ२౫ΚԪЗϜ Ԛӱ ৲ԥঐրϟ୒ৰ՘࣐ȂծѠ୥Մऽ୾ᚃ৲ដҜޠȂϛܿ׾ᡑȄആԚഀᕘయ΢З౪ۢڿഎ ຬ՘࣐םᏳयȂկHelen ȶ२τϛҔ՘࣐ȷȂᝓ२ኈ៫ᚃࣩϟेڨಁᇴીઽȂഌϸᇰ࣐҃Ԓ ೏ᆵȷᇅȶ՘࢈ᛄᆵȷϟᚗᆵ೤ۢٲȶӘڨMorrisonȞ1942-ȟᇰ࣐ȂΚঐ΢ഃᅛึ৥Ԛഀ ஡ ৲Ԭκຩᘟਫ18-20ȂᚃܗԄᚃ৲ୄആяҢپഷ२्ᜱᗥϛӶܼަཽȃঢ়৴пІစ 17ȂޠᕘయК ဍ21-22Ȃ߮Ҝ੿΢ᗵؾ᠍23Ȃᄈ੿΢ٲሬᛥȂᏳय ដҜӘޠᔽनෂȂՅ࢑ஆᙄ΢᜹௒དึ৥ Ϗձϟ຦ف߮ড়ȃҨൣଓଡ଼ȃຩݾ੿ொᇅःܓ ޠГདྷژڨйٯᇅ౫ᄃᕘძ಴࿾Ȃޤঐ΢ϟᇰ ՘࣐Ȃऽ୾ፐҢഌӱՅ๊ޑयȄ ෣՘࣐24ȃᕁң᛿ܛښ௢

Ԅپ࡚α׾ໍȞښᚗਞ঩ࠍȈᚗਞ঩ࠍȞThe Principle of ϛᘟЇࣹᔯଇȂϛկ௄ᚃᕜ ࢑Ȃޠ࡚ȟȂ२्ښDouble EffectȟॷُܼဏτւઢᏱঢ়ဒӼᅵල Ԭκຩᘟਫϟ୚ဎᇅᡜࡐ ȞThomas AquinasȂ1224-1274ȟϟᛴ଼Љл ऽ୾ፐҢ՘࢈൑՞ϑѠՍ՘௄ȶᚃ৲ᎍӉโ ȷ๊՘࢈Кזȷᇅȶୋஷโזȷȃȶखࡢโז ຀ϟȶઢᏱτӓȷȞSummaܛڐఁϟఁဏȂӶ ңȶᚗਞ঩ࠍȷ ࢳȂ஡αख़ដҜȶ२τϛҔ՘࣐ȷϟϛᎍӉᚃٻTheologicaȟϜȂᗷґ Ȟdoctrine of double effectȟΚມȂկॷӒଇ ৲Ȃпȶϵ໡ȷРԓ؝ଷȇऽ୾ࣦՎӶȶᚃᏱ ȷȂІԟᗘռזਣϟঘ Ң໧ࢳȷ֊ԥȶᚃᏱҢᎍӉโᜳڎژ፤ݳࡢ՘࣐Ȟlegitimate actȟ࿧

಑8෈ Ѯѕѿᚂৱϴོོѐڢ2017ԑ಑61 32 ◘ᗇᛈិ .ȂঅூᏱಭȄ 2008ȇ51Ȉ487-90ق࡚ᡞښϛᎍӉϟᚃ৲ໍΤϵᚃ 12. Quill TE, Dresser T, Brock DW: The rule ᪺ᒙΆ᥵ of double effect- a critic of its role in end 1. ᆱஆԼऌ(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VX_ ᅛ of life decision making, New Engl J Med ⍹Ꮒጆ◘᥇ᮄዷᗇᐝ (nerve_agent) )2017-3-3 visited. 1997: 337; 1768-71. 2. ᆱஆԼऌȞhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ 13. Quill TE: Death and dignity - a case of Serial_killerȟȞ2017-3-3 visitedȟ individualized decision making. N Engl J 3. ܝҢ (Larson, Erik)ȈณጤႬᐊϷ Med 1991; 324: 691-4. ,Wanzer SH, Federman DD, Adelstein SJ .14 ۊзखᡚޠଅɯᒘయᇅึ݃һᙒ ȞThunderstruckȟȄᇄіҀȂᅟၾ޲НϾ et al: The physician's responsibility toward яޏȂτ໯яޏஆӵึ՘Ȃ2008Ȅ hopelessly ill patients: a second look. N .ࢼݓȈΝήΚഌ໦ɯСҐ៴ୁҢϾ Engl J Med 1989; 320: 844-9ע᛾ϣ .4 ᏾ޠ৽܏ȄᇄіҀȈНऽஇȂ1997Ȅ 15. Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, ؇ၗΚ຀/೩ᄹݔណȈСҐಡຄձ᏾ഌ American Medical Association. Decisions nearී .5 ໦ɯᜱݎॗಒΝήΚഌ໦ϲᄎȄᇄіҀȂ the end of life. JAMA 1992; 267: 2229-33. ᇄᢋ୧ଡ଼Ȃ1985. 16. Gaylin W, Kass LR, Pellegrino ED, et al: 6. Rabson SMȈDoctors delinquent. II the Doctors must not kill. JAMA 1988; 259: 2139- trials of two physicians with . JAMA 40. ש࡚Ȉᄈ׾ໍښ1971ȇ216Ȉ121-4. 17. ါᙲȈऽ୾ᚃᕜޮી೏౪ .࡚ϟఃұȄѯᢋᚃࣩ2008ȇ51Ȉ68-73ښѭഎ๽຀/ᚮ।ԄណȈඍ៴ᚃ৲/ Blind eyeȈ ୾ .7 95Ԓ࡚ᙐ؛ᙐܿցٲhow the medical establishment let a doctor 18. ᇄᢋςݔӵРݳଲӘ get away with murder. ѯіȈϊޤஇНϾȂ Ԇಒ138ဵȄ 2002Ȅ ᇄᢋςݔӵРݳଲ95Ԓ࡚ӕԆಒ1ဵȄ .19 8. http://www.dh.gov.uk/assetRoot/04/ ᇄᢋςݔӵРݳଲ95Ԓ࡚ᢚຨԆಒ1ဵӘ .20 ນۢȄٲ .pdf. Accessed March 3, 2017.14/31/43/04143143 9. Kinnell HGȈSerial homicide by doctors: 95Ԓ࡚ᢚ२ຨ؛ցٲᇄᢋᇄіӵРݳଲӘ .21 Shipman in perspective. BMJ 2000; 321: 1594- Ԇಒ1ဵȄ 7. Ȅ؛ցٲഷାݳଲ102Ԓ࡚ѯαԆಒ4469ဵӘ .22 10. Kockler N: The principle of double effect 96Ԓ࡚ຨԆಒ810 ؛ᇄіା๊՘࢈ݳଲց .23 and proportionate reason. Virtual Mentor. ဵᇅ850ဵȄ 2007; 9: 369-74. 24. ቔӶሠȃဩ㝛߬Ȉୋߴίޠജኈɯୋߴ ါᙲȈᚗਞ঩ࠍɯຠᇄᢋࠓ׺ӵРݳଲ .11 Ȃڻᚃᕜ35໷ႃݳᄃᓄϵ໡ȄѯіȈ୧ Ȅѯᢋᚃࣩ؛ցٲ95Ԓ࡚ຨԆಒ26ဵӘ 2000Ȅ

಑8෈ Ѯѕѿᚂৱϴོོѐ 33ڢ2017ԑ಑61