Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
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Olympic Culture in Soviet Uzbekistan 1951-1991: International Prestige and Local Heroes
Olympic Culture in Soviet Uzbekistan 1951-1991: International Prestige and Local Heroes Sevket Akyildiz Introduction Uzbekistan was officially established in 1924 by the victorious Bolsheviks as part of a larger union-wide „Soviet people‟ building project. To legitimate and consolidate Moscow‟s rule the southern, largely Muslim, Asian territories (including Uzbekistan) were reorganized under the national delimitation processes of the 1920s and 1930s. Establishing the Soviet republics from the territory formerly known as Turkestan was based upon language, economics, history, culture and ethnicity. Soviet identity building was a dual process fostering state-civic institutions and identity and local national (ethnic) republic identity and interests. The creation of the national republics was part of the Soviet policy of multiculturalism best described a mixed-salad model (and is similar to the British multicultural society model). (Soviet ethnographers termed ethnicity as nationality.) Uzbekistan is situated within Central Asia, a region that the Russians term “Middle Asia and Kazakhstan” – some Western authors also term it “Inner Asia”. Uzbekistan stretches south-east from the Aral Sea towards the Pamir Mountains, and shares borders with Afghanistan (137km), Kazakhstan (2,203km), Kyrgyzstan (1,099km), Tajikistan (1,161km), and Turkmenistan (1,161km). The climate is continental, with hot summers and cold winters. The Uzbeks are a Turkic-speaking people largely Turkic (and Mongol) by descent - and predominately Sunni (Hanafi) Muslim by religious practice. Between 1917 and 1985 the population of Uzbekistan rose from approximately 5 million to 18 million people. However, Uzbekistan was a Soviet multicultural society, and during the Soviet period it contained more than 1.5 million Russian settlers and also included Karakalpaks, Kazakhs, Tajik, Tatars, and several of Stalin‟s deported peoples. -
Ethics and Sport in Europe Drugs, Extremism and Other Forms of Discrimination It Is Currently Facing
SPORTS POLICY AND PRACTICE SERIES Defending ethics in sport is vital in order to combat the problems of corruption, violence, Ethics and sport in Europe drugs, extremism and other forms of discrimination it is currently facing. Sport refl ects nothing more and nothing less than the societies in which it takes place. However, if sport is to continue to bring benefi ts for individuals and societies, it cannot afford to neglect its ethical values or ignore these scourges. The major role of the Council of Europe and the Enlarged Partial Agreement on Sport (EPAS) in addressing the new challenges to sports ethics was confi rmed by the 11th Council of Europe Conference of Ministers responsible for Sport, held in Athens on 11 and 12 December 2008. A political impetus was given on 16 June 2010 by the Committee of Ministers, with the adoption of an updated version of the Code of Sports Ethics (Recommendation CM/Rec(2010)9), emphasising the requisite co-ordination between governments and sports organisations. The EPAS prepared the ministerial conference and stepped up its work in an international conference organised with the University of Rennes, which was attended by political leaders, athletes, researchers and offi cials from the voluntary sector. The key experiences described in the conference and the thoughts that it prompted are described in this publication. All the writers share the concern that the end result should be practical action – particularly in terms of the setting of standards – that falls within the remit of the EPAS and promotes the Council of Europe’s core values. -
The Origins of the Special Olympics Movement in Poland in the 20Th Century
#0# Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine | Vol. 32, No. 4/2020: 43–50 | DOI: 10.18276/cej.2020.4-04 THE ORIGINS OF THE SPECIAL OLYMPICS MOVEMENT IN POLAND IN THE 20TH CENTURY Dorota Pilecka,A, B, D, E Tomasz JurekA, D University School of Physical Education in Poznań Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzów Wielkopolski A Study Design; B Data Collection; C Statistical Analysis; D Manuscript Preparation; E Founds Collection Address for correspondence: Dorota Pilecka Faculty of Physical Culture Estkowskiego 13, 66-400 Gorzów Wlkp., Poland E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Since World War II, sport involving people with disabilities has gradually evolved in Poland, and people with intellectual disabilities had not participated in any sporting events until the end of the 1960s. They were treated as second-class citizens having no rights that they should be entitled to. The reason behind this was the State’s policy towards sport, where high- performance sport, especially Olympic sport, played a vital role that was supposed to testify to the high level of civilisation in communist Poland. People with disabilities were regarded as a shameful problem and were practically kept hidden away. They, therefore, did not participate in social life, including athletic activities. The first competition held in Poland under the name of the Special Olympics was not organised until 1969 in Poznań. On May 26, 1973, the first national sporting event for mentally retarded children (as they were referred to at the time) was called Spartakiad and was held in Warsaw. That was around that time that the sports movement in Poland began to draw on American practices, and in the 1980s it adopted the form of the Special Olympics, both in terms of organisation and sporting activities. -
MASARYK UNIVERSITY Faculty of Social Studies Department of Sociology
MASARYK UNIVERSITY Faculty of Social Studies Department of Sociology Mgr. Zuzana Botiková ‘In search of a national sport?’: Analysing the creation of Slovakia’s new sports policy Doctoral Thesis Thesis Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Ing. Radim Marada, Ph.D. Brno 2019 “Like Olympic medals and tennis trophies, all they signified was that the owner had done something of no benefit to anyone more capably than everyone else.” ― Joseph Heller, Catch-22 I declare that I have worked on this thesis independently, using only the primary and Secondary sources listed in the bibliography. In Brno, April 23rd 2019 Zuzana Botiková Table of Contents Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................... 6 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 7 “Small country with great potential” ........................................................................................... 11 Institutionalising sporting success in national policies ............................................................... 14 Slovak Sport 2020 – translating national success into policy ...................................................... 15 State sporting representation ................................................................................................... 18 The financing of sports policy ................................................................................................. -
Journal of Sports Philately
JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHILATELY VOLUME 48 WINTER 2009 NUMBER 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS President's Message Mark Maestrone 1 SPI Celebrates the 25th Anniversary of the 1984 Olympics Mark Maestrone 3 “Sports Illustrated”: A Behind-the-Scenes Look at U.S. Stamp Designs Mark Maestrone 7 A Baseball Christmas Norman Rushefsky 11 Hwang Young-cho, 1992 Olympic Marathon Winner Mark Maestrone 14 The Montreal Canadiens: A 100 Year Legacy Kon Sokolyk 16 Seabiscuit Postal Stationery Envelopes Issued in 17 Varieties Mark Maestrone 19 The Decision in Copenhagen Thomas Lippert 22 Purolator’s 2010 Olympic Mailers Kon Sokolyk 26 Vancouver 2010 Olympic Update Mark Maestrone 28 Reviews of Periodicals Mark Maestrone 30 SPI Annual Financial Statement Andrew Urushima 32 News of Our Members Margaret Jones 33 New Stamp Issues John La Porta 34 Commemorative Stamp Cancels Mark Maestrone 36 SPORTS PHILATELISTS INTERNATIONAL SESCAL 2009 President: Mark C. Maestrone, 2824 Curie Place, San Diego, CA 92122 3 Vice-President: Charles V. Covell, Jr., 207 NE 9th Ave., Gainesville, FL 32601 Secretary-Treasurer: Andrew Urushima, 1510 Los Altos Dr., Burlingame, CA 94010 Directors: Norman F. Jacobs, Jr., 2712 N. Decatur Rd., Decatur, GA 30033 John La Porta, P.O. Box 98, Orland Park, IL 60462 Dale Lilljedahl, 4044 Williamsburg Rd., Dallas, TX 75220 Patricia Ann Loehr, 2603 Wauwatosa Ave., Apt 2, Wauwatosa, WI 53213 Norman Rushefsky, 9215 Colesville Road, Silver Spring, MD 20910 Robert J. Wilcock, 24 Hamilton Cres., Brentwood, Essex, CM14 5ES, England Auction Manager: Glenn Estus, PO Box 451, Westport, NY 12993 Membership: Margaret A. Jones, 5310 Lindenwood Ave., St. Louis, MO 63109 Public Affairs: (vacant) HOCKEY Sales Department: John La Porta, P.O. -
Sport in a Capitalist Society
SPORT IN CAPITALIST SOCIETY Why are the Olympic Games the driving force behind a clampdown on civil liberties? What makes sport an unwavering ally of nationalism and militarism? Is sport the new opiate of the masses? These and many other questions are answered in this new radical history of sport by leading historian of sport and society, Professor Tony Collins. Tracing the history of modern sport from its origins in the burgeoning capitalist economy of mid-eighteenth-century England to the globalised corporate sport of today, the book argues that, far from the purity of sport being ‘corrupted’ by capitalism, modern sport is as much a product of capitalism as the factory, the stock exchange and the unemployment line. Based on original sources, the book explains how sport has been shaped and moulded by the major political and economic events of the past three centuries, such as the French Revolution, the rise of modern nationalism and imperialism, the Russian Revolution, the Cold War and the imposition of the neo-liberal agenda in the last decades of the twentieth century. It highlights the symbiotic relationship between the media and sport, from the simultaneous emergence of print capitalism and modern sport in Georgian England to the rise of Murdoch’s global satellite television empire in the twenty-first century, and it explores, for the first time, the alternative, revolutionary models of sport in the early twentieth century. Sport in Capitalist Society is the first sustained attempt to explain the emergence of modern sport around the world as an integral part of the globalisation of capitalism. -
An Analysis of Russia's
AN ANALYSIS OF RUSSIA’S ‘ALTERNATIVE’ SOFT POWER STRATEGY AND NATIONAL IDENTITY DISCOURSE VIA SPORTS MEGA-EVENTS By NINA KRAMAREVA A Thesis Submitted to The University of Birmingham For the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Birmingham March 2018 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract This thesis seeks to show through both historical and contemporary examples what makes Russia an ‘outlier’ among key sports mega-events hosts. More specifically, this thesis sets out to establish how external and internal objectives Russia pursued in the context of the 1980 Olympics and the 2014 Sochi Olympics differed from those of other sports mega-event hosts, including non-liberal states. The originality of this thesis lies not only in the fact that it sheds light on Russia’s strategy of sports mega-event hosting, but that it does so from the vantage point of the combination of the three most popular approaches in the extant sports mega-event research: public diplomacy, place branding and soft power. Moreover, this study places Russia’s hosting of sports mega-events within constructivist international relations theory, which prioritises identity and interests. -
CORTINA D'ampezzo January 26
Y.E.A.H. - Young Europeans Active and Healthy OLYMPIC GAMES CORTINA D’AMPEZZO January 26 - February 5, 1956 Cortina... at last... Cortina d'Ampezzo is a ski resort village situated in the Dolomite Alps in the north-eastern corner of Italy. In 1956, it had a population of 6,500 The 1956 Winter Olympics, people. Count Alberto Bonacossa , an officially known as the VII Olympic Winter accomplished alpine skier, figure skater and a Games (Italian: VII Giochi olimpici invernali ), member of the International Olympic were celebrated in Cortina d'Ampezzo , Italy . This Committee (IOC) since 1925, spearheaded the celebration of the Games was held from 26 effort to bring the Olympic Games to Cortina January to 5 February 1956. Cortina, which had d'Ampezzo. He persuaded the city council of originally been awarded the 1944 Winter Cortina to bid for the 1944 Games . During the Olympics , beat out Montreal , Colorado Springs 38th IOC Congress held in London in 1939, and Lake Placid for the right to host the 1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo was awarded the 1944 Winter Games. The Cortina Games were unique in that Olympics, but the Games were canceled due to many of the venues were within walking distance the outbreak of World War II. of each other. The organising committee received financial support from the Italian government for The Cold War began after the allied infrastructure improvements, but the rest of the victory in World War II. Until 1952, many of the costs for the Games had to be privately financed. Communist countries of Eastern Europe had Consequently, the organising committee was the participated in Worker's Olympics or Spartakiads . -
Impact of National Coaching Scheme of Sports Authority of India: a Study on Sports Promotion in the Eastern Region
IMPACT OF NATIONAL COACHING SCHEME OF SPORTS AUTHORITY OF INDIA: A STUDY ON SPORTS PROMOTION IN THE EASTERN REGION Sponsored By PLANNING COMMISSION New Delhi Submitted By INSTITUTE FOR DEVELOPMENT OF BACKWARD REGIONS BHUBANESWAR DECEMBER, 2002 1 CONTENTS Page No. PREFACE (i) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT (ii) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (xii) Sl.No. C H A P T E R S (I) INTRODUCTION 01-09 1.0 Background 1.1 Sports in Independent India 1.2 The Problem 1.3 Need for the Study 1.4 Hypotheses 1.5 Objectives 1.6 Methodology 1.6.1 Study Design 1.6.2 Statistical Frame 1.6.3 Tools of Observation 1.7 Manpower Deployment 1.8 Field work and Data Analysis 1.9 Reporting Plan (II) NATIONAL SPORTS POLICY AND PROGRAMMES 10-34 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The Govt. of India Policies and Programmes 2.2.1 Policies 2.2.2 Sports Programmes 2.2.2.1 Grants Creation of Sports Infrastructure 2.2.2.2 Grants to Rural Schools for Purchase of Sports Equipment and Development of Playgrounds 2.2.2.2 Scheme for Installation of Synthetic Playing Surfaces 2 Sl.No. C O N T E N T S Page No. 2.2.2.4 Grants for Promotion of Sports in Universities and Colleges. 2.2.2.5 Assistance to National Sports Federations 2.2.2.6 Sports Talent Search Scholarship Scheme 2.2.2.7 Sports Science Research fellowship scheme 2.2.2.8 Arjun Award 2.2.2.9 Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award 2.2.2.10 Cash Award to Medal Winners in International Sports Events 2.2.2.11 National Sports Development Fund 2.2.2.12 Assistance to Promising Sports Persons and Supporting Personnel 2.2.2.13 Exchange of Sports and Physical Education Teams / Experts. -
Strikes and Strikeouts: Building an Anti-Racist, Anti-Fascist Working Class Sports Culture from Below in the United States, 1918-1950
STRIKES AND STRIKEOUTS: BUILDING AN ANTI-RACIST, ANTI-FASCIST WORKING CLASS SPORTS CULTURE FROM BELOW IN THE UNITED STATES, 1918-1950 A dissertation presented By James WJ Robinson To The Department of History In Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the field of History Northeastern University Boston, Massachusetts March 2020 Table of Contents 1 Appendix 2 Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 9 Chapter 1: Playing for Power: the European Worker Sport movement and the seeds of the American Labor Sports movement 1919-1940 31 Chapter 2: Shooting Hoops with Your Neighborhood Socialists: The International Ladies Garment Workers Union (ILGWU), the Socialist Party, and Social Unionism Sports Programs 1918-50 80 Chapter 3: The Autoworkers Slide Into Home: UAW Recreation Department’s Athletic Programs 1935-50 and beyond 115 Chapter 4: A Complete Game: The Mass Labor Sports Movement in the CIO and Beyond 173 Chapter 5: The Big Red Machine: NYC Popular Front Communist Sports 1936-1948 225 Conclusion: The Potential of Labor Sports and Radicals in Grassroots Sports Culture 260 Bibliography 268 1 Appendix ACWA= Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America AFL= American Federation of Labor CIO= Committee/Congress of Industrial Organizations Comintern= Communist International CP or CPUSA= Communist Party of the United States of America ILA= International Longshoremen Association ILWU= International Longshoremen’s and Warehousemen’s Union ILGWU= International Ladies Garment Workers Union IWO= International Workers’ Order -
Twenty-Seventh Session 1St-16Th July 1987
INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY TWENTY-SEVENTH SESSION lst-16th JULY 1987 Published by the International Olympic Committee and the Hellenic Olympic Committee in collaboration with Dr. Otto Szymiczek, Dean of the International Olympic Academy INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY REPORT OF THE TWENTY-SEVENTH SESSION lst-16th JULY 1987 ANCIENT OLYMPIA IOC COMMISSION FOR THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY President Mr. Nikos FILARETOS IOC Member in Greece Members Mrs. Flor ISAVA FONSECA IOC Member in Venezuela Mr. Roberto G. PEPER IOC Member in Argentina Mr. Wlodzimierz RECZEK IOC Member in Poland Mr. Giorgio de STEFANI IOC Member in Italy Mr. Ahmed D. TOUNY IOC Member in Egypt Mr. Mohamed ZERGUINI IOC Member in Algeria Mr. Francesco GNECCHI-RUSCONE Representative of the IF's President of the International Archery Federation Mr. Abdul-Muttaleb AHMAD Representative of the NOC's Miss Michelle FORD Representative of the Athletes Commission Olympic Champion (swimming) Professor Norbert MULLER Individual Member 7 EPHORIA (BOARD OF TRUSTEES) OF THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY President Mr. Nikos FILARETOS IOC Member in Greece Secretary General of the International Committee of the Mediterranean Games First Vice-Président Mr. Ioannis PAPADOYANNAKIS Member of the Hellenic Olympic Committee Second Vice-Président Mr. Vassilis ROTIS Member of the Hellenic Olympic Committee Dean Dr. Otto SZYMICZEK President of the International Track and Field Coaches Association Silver Medal of the Olympic Order Members Mr. George VICHOS Secretary General of the Hellenic Olympic -
Antifascist Athletes? a Reappraisal of the 1936 Berlin Olympics
Fascism 9 (2020) 195-220 Antifascist Athletes? A Reappraisal of the 1936 Berlin Olympics Keith Rathbone Department of History and Archaeology, Macquarie University, Faculty of Arts, Sydney, Australia [email protected] Abstract In Olympia, Leni Riefenstahl offered representations of idealized Aryan athletes and their democratic counterparts, including Jesse Owens. Her evocative images shaped historical memory and the historiography of the Berlin Games as either a German propaganda victory or a moment of athletic antifascist resistance. The notion of the Berlin Games populated with ‘democratic’ and ‘fascist’ athletes is largely ahistorical. Riefenstahl’s fascist/antifascist dyad prompted scholars to ask questions about appropriate athletic behaviors, but it also required them to elide contrary histories, including Owens’ own experiences of racial segregation in the United States. A more holistic view of the Games, that encompasses both the antifascist resistance to it and the ultimate decision of most athletes to attend, confounds any analysis that slips sportsmen and women into neat heuristic categories of fascist and antifascist and opens the door to the possibility of personal politics outside of the dyad of fascism/ antifascism. Keywords Germany – antifascism – Berlin Olympics – sport – National Socialism On 8 August 1936, The Chicago Defender published an article entitled, ‘Owens “Takes” Olympics,’ in which they trumpeted Jesse Owen’s Berlin Games achieve- ments. ‘Owens is the god of the sports fans here. He has effectively demon- strated his superiority.’ The article featured a full-length photo of the runner, smiling broadly. The caption read: ‘Ohio State’s brilliant athlete is without a © Keith Rathbone, 2020 | doi:10.1163/22116257-09010002 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the prevailing cc-by-nc license at the time of publication.