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Khunjerab National Park
Khunjerab National Park General features vegetation, with Juniper spp., Rosa webbiana, and Polygonum spp. occurring on dry slopes, and Myricaria germanica and Country: Pakistan, Hunza-Nagar District Hippophae rhamnoides along stream beds. Broadleaf species Date of establishment: 1975 mainly consist of Salix sp. and Betula utilis. 2 Area: 4,455 km Fauna Geographic location: Latitude: 36°30’N; Fourteen mammalian species have been recorded in the Longitude: 75°30’E park, of which three are critically endangered and two IUCN category: IV are endangered. Marco Polo sheep (Ovis ammon polii), Overview cape hare (Lepus capensis), common pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pipistrellus), grey long-eared bat (Plecotus austriacus), common Khunjerab National Park (KNP) is located in the extreme red fox (Vulpes vulpes), field mouse Apodemus( sylvaticus), north of Pakistan. The high-altitude park covers about 4,445 Himalayan ibex (Capra sibirica), long-tailed marmot (Marmota km2, making it Pakistan’s third largest national park. It was caudata), large-eared pika (Ochotona macrotis), migratory set up to protect rare and unique species of the Pamir and hamster (Cricetulus migratorius), blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur), Tibetan Plateau. The elevation within the park ranges from brown bear (Ursus arctos), snow leopard (Panthera uncia), 3,200 to 7,700 masl. Khunjerab Pass, the gateway to China and Indian wolf (Canis lupus pallipes). The park has some of via the Karakoram Highway, lies at 4,934 masl. the most diverse avifauna in mountain regions, with 48 avian People species having been recorded in the park. Tajik and Brushu Threats Flora Decline of Marco Polo sheep population, largely as a result of hunting and general disturbance from the Due to the protected area’s high elevation, floral species Karakoram Highway which runs through the park. -
A Comparative Study on the Populations and Habitats of the Grey Francolin Francolinus Pondicerianus and the Black Francolin Fran
Populations and habitats of Grey and Black Francolins in Pakistan – S. Mahmood et al. A Comparative Study on the Populations and Habitats of the Grey Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus and the Black Francolin Francolinus francolinus in Lehri Nature Park, Punjab, Pakistan SAJID MAHMOOD1, TARIQ MAHMOOD1*, MUHAMMAD RAIS1, IRFAN ZIA 2 3 QURESHI & MUHAMMAD SAJID NADEEM 1. Department of Wildlife Management, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi 46300, PAKISTAN. 2. Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, PAKISTAN 3. Department of Zoology, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, 46300, PAKISTAN. * Correspondence Author. Email: [email protected] Received 28 April 2010; accepted 7 September 2010 Abstract: The population and habitat preferences of the Grey Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus and Black Francolin Francolinus francolinus were studied in three different habitats in Lehri Nature Park, Jhelum, Pakistan. The populations of the two species were estimated using direct (Line transect method) and indirect methods (“calls” of the two species). Data were collected monthly from September 2008 to July 2009. The results showed average population densities of 0.47±0.09/ha and 0.06±0.01/ha for Grey and Black Francolin, respectively. A noticeably higher population was found in the morning compared to that of the evening. Maximum densities at both morning and evening were found in October 2008 with significant differences (P<0.01). Maximum seasonal populations were recorded during autumn 2008 - 0.76±0.26/ha and 0.07±0.02/ha for Grey and Black Francolins, respectively. For an assessment of the habitat preferences of the two species, relative density, relative frequency and relative dominance were calculated for trees, shrubs and herbs species in the three selected habitats. -
Wildlife Protection Along the Karakorum Highway in Khunjerab
Pakistan J. Zool., vol. 44(5), pp. 1452-1457, 2012. occurred, causing severe destruction along the KKH. In February 2006, Pakistan and China signed Wildlife Protection Along the a Memorandum of Understanding which initiated Karakorum Highway in Khunjerab the improvement of the highway between Raikot Bridge and Khunjerab Pass during first phase of National Park project (Tao et al., 2010). The section of the KKH from K753+800 to Yun Wang,1 * Jiding Chen,1 Shuangcheng Tao,1 1 1 K811+343 (kilometer markers) bisects Khunjerab Mengmeng Wang, Xuanya Wang and Asif National Park (KNP). The KNP was built in 1975 Shah2 1 with the primary objective of protecting the China Academy of Transportation Sciences, threatened species Marco Polo sheep (Ovis ammon Beijing, 100029, China 2 polii) and its natural habitat. Other protected species China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, found in the KNP include: the snow leopard (Uncia China uncia) and the brown bear (Ursus arctos). These species of wildlife make the KNP one of the most Abstract.- The Karakorum Highway (KKH) which connects Pakistan and China passes through important centers for biodiversity in Pakistan Khunjerab National Park in Pakistan. The park has (Qureshi et al., 2011). extremely rich wildlife diversity. The potential The impact of highway construction on adverse impacts of KKH improvement project on wildlife and the need to protect wildlife are wildlife were analyzed with field surveys, becoming critical issues for zoologists throughout interviews and secondary data for the period from 2009 to 2011. Protective measures were developed the world (Forman and Alexander, 1998). The and used to guide highway construction. -
Diversity and Abundance of Medicinal Plants Among Different Forest-Use Types of the Pakistani Himalaya
DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AMONG DIFFERENT FOREST-USE TYPES OF THE PAKISTANI HIMALAYA Muhammad Adnan (Born in Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan) A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Academic Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) of the Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology of the Georg-August-University of Göttingen Supervisor Prof. Dr. Dirk Hölscher Göttingen, November 2011 Reviewers Prof. Dr. Dirk Hölscher Prof. Dr. Christian Ammer Examiners Prof. Dr. Dirk Hölscher Prof. Dr. Christian Ammer Prof. Dr. Erwin Bergmeier ii SUMMARY Medicinal plants collected in the Himalayan forests are receiving increasing attention at the international level for a number of reasons and they play an important role in securing rural livelihoods. However, these forests have been heavily transformed over the years by logging, grazing and agriculture. This thesis examines the extent to which the diversity and abundance of medicinal plants are affected between forest-use types as a result of such transformations. In northwestern Pakistan we studied old-growth forest, degraded forests (forests degraded by logging, derived woodland, agroforest and degraded sites) and restored forests (re-growth forests and reforestation sites). An approximate map was initially established covering an area of 90 km2 of the studied forest-use types and fifteen and five plots were allocated to five and two forest-use types respectively at altitudes ranging from 2,200 m to 2,400 m asl. The abundance and diversity of medicinal plants were then assessed therein. Of the fifty-nine medicinal plant species (herbs and ferns) studied, old-growth forest contained the highest number thereof with fifty-five species, followed by re-growth forest with forty-nine species and finally, forest degraded by logging with only forty species. -
Willingness to Pay for Margalla Hills National Park: Evidence from the Travel Cost Method
The Lahore Journal of Economics 11 : 2 (Winter 2006) pp. 43-70 Willingness to Pay for Margalla Hills National Park: Evidence from the Travel Cost Method Himayatullah Khan* Abstract This study, which is among the first in Pakistan to value recreational benefits, estimates the benefits of the Margalla Hills National Park near Islamabad. The study examines how much park visitors are willing to pay to visit the park. Annual benefits from the park are considerable—the total annual consumer surplus or economic benefit obtained from recreation in the park is approximately Rs. 23 million (US $ 0.4 million). Various factors influence the value visitors obtain from the park — these include travel cost, household income, and the quality of the park. Improvements in the quality of the park are estimated to increase recreational benefits by 39%. The study recommends that a park entrance fee of Rs. 20 per person be introduced, which could be utilized for park management. This would generate nearly Rs. 11 million in revenues annually, a sizable amount of money that represents about 4% of the annual budget allocated to the environment sector in Pakistan. JEL Classification: Keywords: Environmental valuation, willingness to pay, total recreational value, consumer surplus, environmental resources, national parks, Pakistan. * The author is Professor at the Institute of Development Studies, NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar and currently on deputation to Department of Development Studies, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad. This paper is based on Himayatullah (2003). The author gratefully acknowledges the financial support provided by the South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics (SANDEE). -
Survey of Human-Leopard (Panthera Pardus) Conflict in Yubiaa National Park, Pakistan
Journal of Bioresource Management Volume 7 Issue 2 Article 5 Survey of human-leopard (Panthera Pardus) conflict in yubiaA National Park, Pakistan Muhammad Nabeel Awan Government College University Lahore, [email protected] Atif Yaqub Government College University Lahore, [email protected] Muhammad Kamran Quaid-e-Azam university Islamabad, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/jbm Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, and the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Nabeel Awan, M., Yaqub, A., & Kamran, M. (2020). Survey of human-leopard (Panthera Pardus) conflict in Ayubia National Park, Pakistan, Journal of Bioresource Management, 7 (2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.35691/JBM.0202.0130 ISSN: 2309-3854 online (Received: May 4, 2020; Accepted: ; Published: Jun 1, 2020) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by CORE Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Bioresource Management by an authorized editor of CORE Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Survey of human-leopard (Panthera Pardus) conflict in yubiaA National Park, Pakistan © Copyrights of all the papers published in Journal of Bioresource Management are with its publisher, Center for Bioresource Research (CBR) Islamabad, Pakistan. This permits anyone to copy, redistribute, remix, transmit and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes provided the original work and source is appropriately cited. Journal of Bioresource Management does not grant you any other rights in relation to this website or the material on this website. In other words, all other rights are reserved. For the avoidance of doubt, you must not adapt, edit, change, transform, publish, republish, distribute, redistribute, broadcast, rebroadcast or show or play in public this website or the material on this website (in any form or media) without appropriately and conspicuously citing the original work and source or Journal of Bioresource Management’s prior written permission. -
Collaborative Management of Protected Areas First Asia Parks Congress, Sendai, Japan, 13-17 November, 2012
Islamic Republic of Pakistan Collaborative Management of Protected Areas First Asia Parks Congress, Sendai, Japan, 13-17 November, 2012 By: Muhammad Samar Hussain Khan Assistant Secretary (Wildlife) Forestry Wing, Climate Change Division, (Cabinet Secretariat) Government of Pakistan, Islamabad Email: samar [email protected] [email protected] K2 About 1,000 miles Arabian Sea Pakistan is an oblong stretch of land between the Arabian sea and Karakoram mountains. Lying diagonally 24˚ N and 37˚ N latitudes and 61˚ E and 75˚ E longitudes, and covering an area of 87.98 million hectares. Topographically, the country has a continuous massive mountainous tract in the north, the west and south-west and large fertile plain, the Indus plain. The northern mountain system, comprising the Karakoram, the Himalays, and the Hindu-Kush, has enormous mass of snow and glaciers and 100 peaks of over 5400m in elevation. From Arabian Sea to the second highest peak in the world, K-2 (8,563m), it is the greatest change in elevation within any sovereign state on earth. More than 80% of the country is arid or semiarid. Due to this extensive aridity, the natural forest area is very small (about 5% of the total area) Pakistan’s Ecological Zones WWF- Global 200 Ecoregions Pakistan has five diverse and representative ecoregions included in Global 200 Ecoregions, identified by WWF. That are: The North Arabian Sea The Indus Ecoregion Rann of Kutch Tibetan plateau Western Himalayan Temperate Forests BIODIVERSITY OF PAKISTAN Biodiversity of Pakistan is blend of Palaearctic, Indo-Malayan and Ethiopian forms. Species belonging to Palaearctic realm occur in the Himalayan and Balochistan uplands; those belonging to Indo-Malayan realm occur in the Indus plains including Thar Desert and the Himalayan foothills. -
Pir Mehr Ali Shah ARID AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITY RAWALPINDI
Pir Mehr Ali Shah ARID AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITY RAWALPINDI DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY (M. Phil. Programme) Self Assessment Report 4rth Cycle (2012-14) Program Team Dr. Mazhar Qayyum (Coordinator) Dr. Muhammad Sajid Nadeem (Member) Mr. Muhammad Irfan (Member) 1 CONTENTS Pages DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY Introduction History SECTION 1 Criterion-1: PROGRAM MISSION, OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES Mission Statement of the Department of Zoology Standard 1-1: Documented measurable objectives Main elements of strategic plan to achieve mission and objectives Standard 1-2: Program outcomes Program outcomes measurement SECTION 2 Criterion 2: CURRICULUM DESIGN AND ORGANIZATION Degree Title: PhD, M.Phil and M. Sc Zoology/Biology Definition of Credit Hour Degree Plan Standard 2.1: Assessment of the Zoology Curriculum. Standard 2-2: Elements vs Courses Standard 2-3: Core requirements for the program Standard 2-4: Major requirements for the program Standard 2-5: General requirements for the program Standard 2-6: Information technology component of the curriculum Standard 2-7: Enhancing Oral and Written Communication Skills of the Students SECTION 3 Criterion 3: LABORATORIES AND COMPUTER FACILITIES Laboratory Titles Location and Area Objectives Standard 3.1: Laboratory Manuals Standard 3.2: Support/Laboratory Personal for Maintenance of Laboratory INSTITUTIONAL FACILITIES INTSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT Standard 3.3: Computing Infrastructure and Facilities SECTION 4 Criterion 4: STUDENT SUPPORT AND ADVISING Standard 4.1: Frequency of Courses Standard 4.2: Structure of -
Status and Red List of Pakistan's Mammals
SSttaattuuss aanndd RReedd LLiisstt ooff PPaakkiissttaann’’ss MMaammmmaallss based on the Pakistan Mammal Conservation Assessment & Management Plan Workshop 18-22 August 2003 Authors, Participants of the C.A.M.P. Workshop Edited and Compiled by, Kashif M. Sheikh PhD and Sanjay Molur 1 Published by: IUCN- Pakistan Copyright: © IUCN Pakistan’s Biodiversity Programme This publication can be reproduced for educational and non-commercial purposes without prior permission from the copyright holder, provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior permission (in writing) of the copyright holder. Citation: Sheikh, K. M. & Molur, S. 2004. (Eds.) Status and Red List of Pakistan’s Mammals. Based on the Conservation Assessment and Management Plan. 312pp. IUCN Pakistan Photo Credits: Z.B. Mirza, Kashif M. Sheikh, Arnab Roy, IUCN-MACP, WWF-Pakistan and www.wildlife.com Illustrations: Arnab Roy Official Correspondence Address: Biodiversity Programme IUCN- The World Conservation Union Pakistan 38, Street 86, G-6⁄3, Islamabad Pakistan Tel: 0092-51-2270686 Fax: 0092-51-2270688 Email: [email protected] URL: www.biodiversity.iucnp.org or http://202.38.53.58/biodiversity/redlist/mammals/index.htm 2 Status and Red List of Pakistan Mammals CONTENTS Contributors 05 Host, Organizers, Collaborators and Sponsors 06 List of Pakistan Mammals CAMP Participants 07 List of Contributors (with inputs on Biological Information Sheets only) 09 Participating Institutions -
Population Biology of Black Francolin (Francolinus Francolinus) with Reference to Lal Suhanra National Park, Pakistan*
Pakistan J. Zool., vol. 45(1), pp. 183-191, 2013. Population Biology of Black Francolin (Francolinus francolinus) with Reference to Lal Suhanra National Park, Pakistan* Waseem Ahmad Khan1 and Afsar Mian2 1Animal Ecology Laboratory, Islamabad Model Postgraduate College, H-8, Islamabad 2Bioresource Research Centre, 34, Bazaar Road, G-6/4, Islamabad, Pakistan Abstract.- Transect data collected on black francolin, known as black partridge in Pakistan and India, (Francolinus francolinus) population from Lal Suhanra National Park (south Punjab, Pakistan) between 1993 and 2004 suggested that the species was present in only 6/23 stands (mainly in irrigated plantation with reed vegetation) with an average density of 8.40±1.39/km²; varying between 3.44±0.88 and 13.28±2.25/km2 in different stands. Densities were lower during winter (November–March, minimum in February) and maximum during summer (May- July), explained on population recruitment cycle, mortality and local movements. Densities were not significantly different between study years, yet these were generally lower during drought years compared to better rainfall years. Sex ratio (male/ female = 1.31) was skewed towards males. There were 0.32±0.09 young/adult female and 0.14±0.03 young/adult birds, while 2/6 stands had no young, representing non-breeding stands. Young were not observed or could not be identified separately during October-February, and the young/adult ratio was the highest in August. Dispersion index (variance/mean) of 0.60±0.09 suggests random-uniform dispersion. Group size averaged at 1.88±0.15 birds/group (range 1-5), majority of individuals appeared as singles (52.39%). -
Panthera Pardus) Range Countries
Profiles for Leopard (Panthera pardus) Range Countries Supplemental Document 1 to Jacobson et al. 2016 Profiles for Leopard Range Countries TABLE OF CONTENTS African Leopard (Panthera pardus pardus)...................................................... 4 North Africa .................................................................................................. 5 West Africa ................................................................................................... 6 Central Africa ............................................................................................. 15 East Africa .................................................................................................. 20 Southern Africa ........................................................................................... 26 Arabian Leopard (P. p. nimr) ......................................................................... 36 Persian Leopard (P. p. saxicolor) ................................................................... 42 Indian Leopard (P. p. fusca) ........................................................................... 53 Sri Lankan Leopard (P. p. kotiya) ................................................................... 58 Indochinese Leopard (P. p. delacouri) .......................................................... 60 North Chinese Leopard (P. p. japonensis) ..................................................... 65 Amur Leopard (P. p. orientalis) ..................................................................... 67 Javan Leopard -
Climate Change
Chapter 16 Climate Change Pakistan is vulnerable to the effects of climate change which has occurred due to rapid industrialization with substantial geopolitical consequences. As things stand, the country is at a crossroads for a much warmer world. According to German Watch, Pakistan has been ranked in top ten of the countries most affected by climate change in the past 20 years. The reasons behind include the impact of back-to-back floods since 2010, the worst drought episode (1998-2002) as well as more recent droughts in Tharparkar and Cholistan, the intense heat wave in Karachi (in Southern Pakistan generally) in July 2015, severe windstorms in Islamabad in June 2016, increased cyclonic activity and increased incidences of landslides and Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) in the northern parts of the country. Pakistan’s climate change concerns include increased variability of monsoons, the likely impact of receding Hindu Kush-Karakoram-Himalayan (HKH) glaciers due to global warming and carbon soot deposits from trans-boundary pollution sources, threatening water inflows into Indus River System (IRS), severe water-stressed conditions particularly in arid and semi-arid regions impacting agriculture and livestock production negatively, decreasing forest cover and increased level of saline water in the Indus delta also adversely affecting coastal agriculture, mangroves and breeding grounds of fish. Box-I: Water sector challenges in the Indus Basin and impact of climate change Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) took stock of Pakistan's water resource availability, delineating water supply system and its sources including precipitation and river flows and the impact of increasing climatic variability on the water supply system.