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View This Page In ITEM 1. BUSINESS – continued Competition, Pricing, and Industry Factors ABF Freight competes with nonunion and union LTL carriers, including YRC Freight and YRC Regional Transportation (reporting segments of YRC Worldwide Inc.), FedEx Freight, Inc., UPS Freight (a business unit of United Parcel Service, Inc.), Con‑ way Freight(abusinessunitofCon‑ wayInc.),OldDominionFreightLine, Inc.,Saia, Inc.,andRoadrunnerTransportationSystems, Inc. ABF Freight actively competes for freight business with other national, regional, and local motor carriers and, to a lesser extent, with private carriage, domestic and international freight forwarders, railroads, and airlines. Competition is based primarily on price, service, and availability of flexible shipping options to customers. ABF Freight seeks to offer value through identifying specific customer needs and providing operational flexibility in order to respond with customized solutions. ABF Freight’s careful cargo handling and use of technology, both internally to manage its business processes and externally to provide shipment visibility to its customers, are examples of how ABF Freight adds value to its services. Competition for freight revenue during the recent recessionary periods of lower available tonnage, particularly in 2010 and 2009, resulted in price reductions throughout the industry. Pricing on the Company’s traditional LTL business was adversely impacted during this time in which ABF Freight was not able to adequately secure base LTL price increases. The Company’s LTL motor carrier subsidiaries continue to offer individually negotiated pricing programs. Approximately 35% of ABF Freight’s business is subject to ABF Freight’s base LTL tariffs, which are affected by general rate increases, combined with individually negotiated discounts. Rates on the other 65% of ABF Freight’s business, including business priced in the spot market, are subject to individual pricing arrangements that are negotiated at various times throughout the year. ABF Freight also charges a fuel surcharge based upon changes in diesel fuel prices compared to a national index.Throughout2013, the fuel surchargemechanism generally continued to have market acceptance among ABF Freight’s customers, although certain nonstandard pricing arrangements have limited the amount of fuel surcharge recovered. The trucking industry, including ABF Freight, is directly affected by the state of the residential and commercial construction, manufacturing, and retail sectors of the North American economy. The trucking industry faces rising costs, including costs of compliance with government regulations on safety, equipment design and maintenance, driver utilization, and fuel economy, and rising costs in certain non‑ industry specific areas, including health care and retirement benefits. The trucking industry is dependent upon the availability of adequate fuel supplies. ABF Freight has not experienced a lack of available fuel but could be adversely impacted if a fuel shortage develops. Freight shipments, operating costs, and earnings are also adversely affected by inclement weather conditions. In addition, seasonal fluctuations affect tonnage levels. The second and third calendar quarters of each year usually have the highest tonnage levels, while the first quarter generally has the lowest, although other factors, including the state of the U.S. and global economies, may influence quarterly freight tonnage levels. The U.S. Department of Transportation (“DOT”) hours‑ of‑ service rules regulating driving time for commercial truck drivers became effective in January 2004. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (“FMCSA”) of the DOT issued revised hours‑ of‑ service rules in December 2011. The effective date of the final hours‑ of‑ service rules was February 27, 2012 with a July 1, 2013 compliance date for selected provisions. The final rule retained the daily maximum driving limit of 11 hours but reduced the maximum weekly driving hours to 70 from 82. Implementation of the new hours‑ of‑ service rules has had a slightly negative impact on ABF Freight’s fleet utilization. Future modifications to the hours‑ of‑ service rules may further impact ABF Freight’s operating practices and costs. The FMCSAis expected to issue a revised proposal in 2014, which will be followed by a comment period, regarding the requirements for interstate commercial trucks to install electronic logging devices (“ELDs”) to monitor compliance with hours‑ of‑ service regulations. Motor carriers are expected to be required to be in compliance within two years after the effective date of the final rule. ABF Freight is in the early stages of implementing an ELD solution that will allow for the electronic capture of drivers’hours of service, as well as for improvement in administrative, dispatch, and maintenance efficiencies. Technology The Company’s advancements in technology are important to customer service and provide a competitive advantage. The majority of the applications of information technology used by the Company have been developed internally and tailored specifically for customer or internal business processing needs. ABF Freight makes information readily accessible to its customers through various electronic pricing, billing, and tracking services, including a logistics application for Apple iPhone and iPad devices which allows customers to access information about their ABF Freight shipments and request shipment pickup. Online functions tailored to the services requested by ABF Freight customers include bill of lading generation, pickup planning, customer‑ specific price quotations, proactive tracking, customized e‑ mail notification, logistics reporting, dynamic rerouting, and extensible markup language (XML) connectivity. This technology allows 7.
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