Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2017
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
10. References Executive Summary BEA (2019) 2017 Comprehensive Revision of the National Income and Product Accounts: Current-dollar and "real" GDP, 1929–2017. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C. Available online at: <http://www.bea.gov/national/index.htm#gdp>. Duffield, J. (2006) Personal communication. Jim Duffield, Office of Energy Policy and New Uses, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Lauren Flinn, ICF International. December 2006. EIA (2019) Electricity Generation. Monthly Energy Review, February 2019. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C. DOE/EIA-0035(2019/02). EIA (2018) Electricity in the United States. Electricity Explained. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C. Available online at: <https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/index.php?page=electricity_in_the_united_states>. EIA (2017) International Energy Statistics 1980-2017. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Washington, D.C. Available online at: <https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/>. EPA (2018a) Acid Rain Program Dataset 1996-2017. Office of Air and Radiation, Office of Atmospheric Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. EPA (2018b) Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP). 2018 Envirofacts. Subpart HH: Municipal Solid Waste Landfills and Subpart TT: Industrial Waste Landfills. Available online at: <http://www.epa.gov/enviro/facts/ghg/search.html>. EPA (2018c) “1970 - 2017 Average annual emissions, all criteria pollutants in MS Excel.” National Emissions Inventory (NEI) Air Pollutant Emissions Trends Data. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, March 2018. Available online at: <https://www.epa.gov/air-emissions-inventories/air-pollutant-emissions-trends-data>. EPA (1997) Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, AP-42. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research Triangle Park, NC. October 1997. FHWA (1996 through 2017) Highway Statistics. Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C. Report FHWA-PL-96-023-annual. Available online at: <http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/hsspubs.htm>. IEA (2018) CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel Combustion – Overview. International Energy Agency. Available online at: <https://webstore.iea.org/CO2-emissions-from-fuel-combustion-2018>. References 10-1 IPCC (2013) Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K., Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 1535 pp. IPCC (2007) Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. [S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, United Kingdom 996 pp. IPCC (2006) 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. The National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. [H.S. Eggleston, L. Buendia, K. Miwa, T. Ngara, and K. Tanabe (eds.)]. Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan. IPCC (1996) Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. [J.T. Houghton, L.G. Meira Filho, B.A. Callander, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, United Kingdom. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2018) Improving Characterization of Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Available online at: <https://doi.org/10.17226/24987>. National Research Council (2010) Verifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Methods to Support International Climate Agreements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Available online at: <https://doi.org/10.17226/12883>. NOAA/ESRL (2018a) Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide. Available online at: <http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/>. 19 December 2018. NOAA/ESRL (2018b) Trends in Atmospheric Methane. Available online at: <https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends_ch4/>. 19 December 2018. NOAA/ESRL (2018c) Nitrous Oxide (N2O) hemispheric and global monthly means from the NOAA/ESRL Chromatograph for Atmospheric Trace Species data from baseline observatories (Barrow, Alaska; Summit, Greenland; Niwot Ridge, Colorado; Mauna Loa, Hawaii; American Samoa; South Pole). Available online at: <https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/hats/cats/cats_conc.html>. 19 December 2018. UNFCCC (2014) Report of the Conference of the Parties on its Nineteenth Session, Held in Warsaw from 11 to 23 November 2013. (FCCC/CP/2013/10/Add.3). January 31, 2014. Available online at: <http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2013/cop19/eng/10a03.pdf>. U.S. Census Bureau (2018) U.S. Census Bureau International Database (IDB). Available online at: <https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/international-programs.html>. Introduction Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) (2016) Recent Greenhouse Gas Concentrations. April 2016. Available online at: <http://cdiac.ornl.gov/pns/current_ghg>. EPA (2009) Technical Support Document for the Endangerment and Cause or Contribute Findings for Greenhouse Gases under Section 202(a) of the Clean Air Act. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. December 2009. EPA (2017) Climate Change. Available online at: <https://www.epa.gov/climatechange/>. 6 April 2017. IPCC (2014) Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Edenhofer, O., R. Pichs-Madruga, Y. Sokona, J. Minx, E. Farahani, S. Kadner, K. Seyboth, A. Adler, I. Baum, S. Brunner, P. Eickemeier, B. Kriemann, J. Savolainen, S. Schlomer, C. von Stechow, and T. Zwickel (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 1435 pp. 10-2 Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2017 IPCC (2013) Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 1535 pp. IPCC (2007) Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. [S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, United Kingdom 996 pp. IPCC (2006) 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. The National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. [H.S. Eggleston, L. Buendia, K. Miwa, T. Ngara, and K. Tanabe (eds.)]. Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan. IPCC (2001) Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. [J.T. Houghton, Y. Ding, D.J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P.J. van der Linden, X. Dai, C.A. Johnson, and K. Maskell (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, United Kingdom. IPCC (1999) Aviation and the Global Atmosphere. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. [J.E. Penner, et al. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, United Kingdom. IPCC/TEAP (2005) Special Report: Safeguarding the Ozone Layer and the Global Climate System, Chapter 4: Refrigeration. 2005. Available online at: <http://www.auto- ts.com/hcfc/technology%20option/Refrigeration/transport%20refrigeration.pdf>. Jacobson, M.Z. (2001) “Strong Radiative Heating Due to the Mixing State of Black Carbon in Atmospheric Aerosols.” Nature, 409:695-697. NOAA (2017) Vital Signs of the Planet. Available online at: <http://climate.nasa.gov/causes/>. Accessed on 9 January 2017. NOAA/ESRL (2018a) Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide. Available online at: <http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/>. 19 December 2018. NOAA/ESRL (2018b) Trends in Atmospheric Methane. Available online at: <https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends_ch4/>. 19 December 2018. NOAA/ESRL (2018c) Nitrous Oxide (N2O) hemispheric and global monthly means from the NOAA/ESRL Chromatograph for Atmospheric Trace Species data from baseline observatories (Barrow, Alaska; Summit, Greenland; Niwot Ridge, Colorado; Mauna Loa, Hawaii; American Samoa; South Pole). Available online at: <https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/hats/cats/cats_conc.html>. 19 December 2018. NOAA/ESRL (2018d) Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) hemispheric and global monthly means from the NOAA/ESRL Chromatograph for Atmospheric Trace Species data from baseline observatories (Barrow, Alaska; Summit, Greenland; Niwot Ridge, Colorado; Mauna Loa, Hawaii; American Samoa; South Pole). Available online at: <https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/hats/cats/cats_conc.html>. 10 January 2018. NRC (2012) Climate Change: Evidence, Impacts, and Choices. Available online at: <https://www.nap.edu/catalog/14673/climate-change-evidence-impacts-and-choices-pdf-booklet>. UNEP/WMO (1999) Information Unit on Climate Change. Framework Convention on Climate Change. Available online at: <http://unfccc.int>. UNFCCC (2014)