Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Pride Before the Fall by Devon Rhodes Pride Comes Before the Fall: 10 Fascinating Details About Confederate States of America You Don’T Know

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Pride Before the Fall by Devon Rhodes Pride Comes Before the Fall: 10 Fascinating Details About Confederate States of America You Don’T Know Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Pride Before the Fall by Devon Rhodes Pride Comes Before the Fall: 10 Fascinating Details About Confederate States of America You Don’t Know. As an independent nation with its own government and laws, the Confederate States of America soon acquired much of the bureaucracy of modern governments, including a Post Office, Mint, (by taking over former US Mints) and Patent Office. Rufus Rhodes, a former official of the United States Patent Office from Mississippi, served as the only Commissioner of the Confederate Patent Office. During its first year in existence – 1861 – the office issued 57 patents, in contrast with the over three thousand issued by the US Patent Office. Over a third of the patents issued during the first year were for improvements to firearms or other weapons of war, although other patents for farm implements, a steam driven plow, textile machines, and other inventions were issued. The patent office suffered from a lack of working space (it was located on the third floor of the Mechanic’s Institute in Richmond) and reference materials, as well as a budget which precluded the acquisition of books and technical literature essential to its work. Over the course of its existence the Confederate Patent Office would issue 266 patents. The design and manufacture of the armor plate which covered the former USS Merrimack leading to its becoming the CSS Virginia was patented by its designer, and contested by its builder. Both were awarded patents for their work on the ship. Review of the surviving records of the Confederate Patent Office reveals how some of the privations of war affected the South as the war went on. By 1863, shortages of leather led to the application of no fewer than four patents for wooden soled shoes. The Confederate Patent Office issued one of the first patents which was developed around submarine technology, for the CSS H L Hunley . The prevalence of the Union blockade led to numerous patents being applied for based on new methods of destroying Union ships, including mines, electric torpedoes, and delayed fuses. The Confederate Patent Office and its records were officially destroyed after the fall of Richmond, but further research into many of the innovations found there continued under the auspices of the US Navy after the war. Pride Comes Before the Fall: 10 Fascinating Details About Confederate States of America You Don’t Know. One of the leading arguments for secession was that each state voluntarily entered its contract with the Union and thus each state retained the right to voluntarily leave it, based on the sovereignty of its people. It has been argued that this adherence to the rights of individual states over the authority of a central government is a leading cause of the failure of the Confederacy. Both President Jefferson Davis and Vice President Alexander Stephens were elected to single six year terms of office under the Confederate Constitution. Davis took many steps to centralize authority, such as the conscription laws, over which he was opposed by several state governors and his Vice President, who called Davis’s usurpation of authority tyrannical. “History proved the dangers of such unchecked authority,” said Stephens in opposition to a strong central government. By 1863 some governor’s opposition to conscription had led them to deny the use of troops from their state by the central government, claiming that they were needed defend against local threats. When the draft exemption for newspaper editors and reporters was eliminated many states protested that it was a thinly veiled attempt to stifle dissent by sending editors into the Army. Despite the wide range of political differences in the Confederate Congress and throughout its government, the emergence of organized political parties did not take place in the Confederacy. Without a two party system the debate during the Congressional elections of 1863 were largely without any national, or even regional focus, and instead concentrated on narrow personal levels. Jefferson Davis was a former US Senator and Secretary of War and was well aware of the need to prosecute a major war through an unbending, united effort. His attempt to consolidate the power he needed to do so made him largely unpopular as President of the Confederacy, and the growing shortages at home and military failures after 1863 further eroded his authority and popularity. THE SLED. Various Artists (Concept albums & Themed compilations) Various Genres. From Progarchives.com, the ultimate progressive rock music website. (Free shipping on orders over 10 cds) VARIOUS ARTISTS (CONCEPT ALBUMS & THEMED COMPILATIONS) The Sled ratings distribution. VARIOUS ARTISTS (CONCEPT ALBUMS & THEMED COMPILATIONS) The Sled reviews. Collaborators/Experts Reviews. 15 songs, nearly 80 minutes in length: one thing I really enjoyed about this album is the sheer variety, and it has allowed me to come across bands I have not heard of before. 'The Sled' starts with two of these, Jennifer Cutting's Ocean Orchestra and Jack Potter. 'Fall Leaves, Fall' is stunning in its arrangement, and I felt that I was listening to a reborn version of Renaissance, with beautiful orchestration, great woodwind, stunning rock guitar, and a singer who reminded me of Annie Haslam. A short piece of detective work later and I discovered that it was indeed Annie and that this song came out a few years ago. This is one of the delights of this album, as it truly is meant to be broad and wide-reaching, so while it does include songs from MRR artists, of course, it isn't restricted to just that. Jack Potter's 'Snow Globe' is delicate, starting with just piano and again wonderful vocals, this time care of Salley Elsey. Taken from the 'Pride Before The Fall' album which was released earlier this year, I was reading more about it when I started filling up and had to compose myself for a minute. The reason is that one of the guitarists is none other than Colin Tench, and I don't think any of us who knew him will ever really get over his loss last Christmas, so to find him on a Christmas album for 2018 feels both poignant and fitting. I know he would have a laugh about it. I have always been a fan of Don Schiff, so it is great to see him here, while one of MRR's newest signings, DC Snakebuster shows that rough and raw blues, with some great harmonica, also has a place at Christmas. Federico Fantacone provides some gorgeous piano, while Darrel Treece- Birch treats us to a song from his new album, 'The first step..is to take one' with the glorious 'For Giving' which contains not only the sweeping keyboards we have come to expect but also some glorious guitar. Andy John Bradford is in fine form with 'Raise A Glass For Christmas', and overall the whole album is a delight. So, what are you waiting for? This album is streaming until the end of January, but you can get your own copy now just by doing something for others at Christmas. Surely that is what the season should be about, instead of the commercial brashness it has become? Think outside the box, make a difference. Many already do so without any thought of reward, and for those who do, then here is a gift from some wonderful musicians just to say thanks. 1970: A First-Person Account of the First Gay Pride March. One year after the Stonewall Riots galvanized New York’s fearful gay men and lesbians into fighters, a handful of us planned our first march. We had no idea how it would turn out. We weren’t even certain we would be granted a permit. And now, here we were, June 28, 1970, with people gathered west of Sixth Avenue at Waverly Place. We wondered if we would be able to get them to move off the curb. This was long before anyone had heard of a “Gay Pride March.” Back then, it took a new sense of audacity and courage to take that giant step into the streets of Midtown Manhattan. One by one, we encouraged people to join the assembly. Finally, we began to move up Sixth Avenue. I stayed at the head of the march the entire way, and at one point, I climbed onto the base of a light pole and looked back. I was astonished; we stretched out as far as I could see, thousands of us. There were no floats, no music, no boys in briefs. The cops turned their backs on us to convey their disdain, but the masses of people kept carrying signs and banners, chanting and waving to surprised onlookers. No one was more responsible for conceiving and organizing that first march on the last Sunday in June than Craig Rodwell. Craig had opened the Oscar Wilde Memorial Bookshop on Christopher Street in 1967—two years before Stonewall. After we became partners, we ran the shop together. Craig and I had both participated in Stonewall, and the Oscar Wilde soon became Information Central. As the first gay bookshop in the country, we amassed something that proved to be invaluable for organizing a march: our mailing list. What guaranteed its eventual success, however, was the transformation of the gay movement itself. Before Stonewall, gay leaders had primarily promoted silent vigils and polite pickets, such as the “Annual Reminder” in Philadelphia. Since 1965, a small, polite group of gays and lesbians had been picketing outside Liberty Hall. The walk would occur in silence. Required dress on men was jackets and ties; for women, only dresses. We were supposed to be unthreatening.
Recommended publications
  • Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen Collection, 1950-2009 [Bulk: 1964-1975] : Ms.Coll.3
    Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen collection, 1950-2009 [Bulk: 1964-1975] : Ms.Coll.3 Finding aid prepared by Alina Josan on 2015 PDF produced on July 17, 2019 John J. Wilcox, Jr. LGBT Archives, William Way LGBT Community Center 1315 Spruce Street Philadelphia, PA 19107 [email protected] Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen collection, 1950-2009 [Bulk: 1964-1975] : Ms.Coll.3 Table of Contents Summary Information .................................................................................................................................... 3 Biographical / Historical ................................................................................................................................ 4 Scope and Contents ........................................................................................................................................ 4 Administrative Information ............................................................................................................................ 7 Related Materials ........................................................................................................................................... 7 Controlled Access Headings .......................................................................................................................... 8 Collection Inventory ....................................................................................................................................... 8 Subject files ................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Gay Political Activism in Washington, DC, 1961-1973 Peter Bonds James Madison University
    James Madison University JMU Scholarly Commons Masters Theses The Graduate School Spring 2016 Stonewall on the Potomac: Gay political activism in Washington, DC, 1961-1973 Peter Bonds James Madison University Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/master201019 Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Bonds, Peter, "Stonewall on the Potomac: Gay political activism in Washington, DC, 1961-1973" (2016). Masters Theses. 455. https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/master201019/455 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the The Graduate School at JMU Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of JMU Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Stonewall on the Potomac: Gay Political Activism in Washington, DC, 1961-1973 Peter Bonds A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of JAMES MADISON UNIVERSITY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Arts History May 2016 FACULTY COMMITTEE: Committee Chair: Dr. Evan Friss Committee Members/ Readers: Dr. Emily Westkaemper Dr. Christian Davis Acknowledgements This work would not have been possible without the tremendous help I received from the Historical Society of Washington, and Philip Clark of its Rainbow History Project. In addition, I owe a debt of gratitude to Paul Kuntzler, who was kind enough to let me interview him about his years of experience on the front lines of gay political activism in Washington, DC. Finally, thank you to my incredible friends and family, Ashley, Anthony, Bruce, Cameron, Karl, Kyle, Michael, Patrick, Mom, Dad, and Andrew, I would never have finished this without your love and support.
    [Show full text]
  • Barbara Gittings B
    BARBARA GITTINGS b. July 31, 1932 d. February 18, 2007 GAY PIONEER “I’ve had the satisfaction of working with other gay people all across the country … to change prejudiced hearts and minds.” Barbara Gittings is regarded as the Barbara Gittings is regarded as the mother of the LGBT civil rights movement. mother of the LGBT civil rights movement. In the 1950s gay activism was in its infancy. “There were scarcely 200 of us in the whole United States,” Gittings said of her fellow crusaders. “It was like a club—we all knew each other.” TOBIN LAHUSEN © KAY Although she lived in Philadelphia, Gittings started the New York chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) in 1958. Founded in San Francisco, the DOB was the first lesbian civil rights organization in the United States. From 1963 to 1966, Gittings was the editor of the DOB’s publication, The Ladder, the first national lesbian magazine. With fellow activist Frank Kameny, Gittings helped organize the Annual Reminders—the first public demonstrations for gay equality. Held in front of Independence Hall each Fourth of July from 1965 to 1969, the protests paved the way for the Stonewall riot in 1969. At the 1965 Annual Reminder, 40 openly gay and lesbian picketers from New York, Washington, D.C., and Philadelphia participated. By 1969 their numbers had more than tripled. After 1969, Kameny, Gittings and others suspended the Annual Reminders to marshal support for a 1970 march on the first anniversary of Stonewall. Proceeding from Greenwich Village to Central Park, it is remembered as the first New York City Pride Parade.
    [Show full text]
  • Before Stonewall
    Before Stonewall: Philadelphia’s ‘Annual Reminders’ of the 1960s Photo by Markus Spiske on Unsplash By Patrick McKnight to customers it felt challenged existing ast year marked the 50th anniversary of the June 1969 Stonewall gender norms. Three of the teenagers who Riots in New York City. This event is widely remembered in popular helped organize the protest were arrested. culture as the beginning of the modern LGBTQ rights movement. Clark Polak, president of the Janus Society, However,L several years before 1969, activists in Philadelphia were already offered to help obtain a lawyer for the three teenagers. He was also arrested and hard at work making important strides for the rights of the community. charged with disorderly conduct. Unfortunately, this groundbreaking work is often overlooked. The Janus Society was founded in Philadelphia in 1962. Its monthly It’s somewhat easy to forget how much progress has been made magazine, DRUM, was one of the earliest LGBTQ publications towards LGBTQ equality in just the past 20 years. Philadelphia in the country. DRUM may have been the most popular LGBTQ has played a critical role. As is so often the case, the city served publication in America during the 1960s. as a focal point for larger discussions about civil liberties and the For five days, members of the Janus Society protested and proper role of government. Philadelphia’s unique legacy presents distributed literature outside the restaurant. A second sit-in on May a backdrop where the egalitarian principles of America’s founding 2, 1965, also led to denials of service but no arrests.
    [Show full text]
  • Stonewall Riots Teaching Guide
    AMULET BOOKS TEACHING GUIDE OVERVIEW The Stonewall Riots: Coming Out in the Streets highlights the objects, places, and people influential to one of the most impactful moments in the LGBTQ+ rights movement in the United States. This guide is meant to support students in understanding the complexities of historical injustice, resistance, and community activism as related to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning uprising on June 28 and 29, 1969. While the latter nights are notorious for the clashes between LGBTQ+ communities and police, resulting in violence and anger, the text focuses on the historical timeline that fueled this uprising and eventually sparked a revolution. The historical and sociological impacts of location, race, class, media, stereotypes, and approaches to activism are all captured through the lens of images and objects pertinent to New York City, the Stonewall Riots, and the LGBTQ+ community. BEFORE READING Terminology Checkpoint individuals with specific knowledge or experience teaching Language is constantly evolving to represent the various about LGBTQ+ history to be interviewed by the class. viewpoints, peoples, and experiences of a given social Make sure students ask their subject about their knowl- world respectfully. The identifying language referring to edge of terminology and LGBTQ+ history, including the the communities most influential to the Stonewall Riots Stonewall Riots. has evolved since 1969. In this text LGBT is used to refer to the communities involved in the Stonewall Riots during Respect Check that time in history, where LGBTQ+ is used to refer to Using a person’s chosen name and desired pronouns is a contemporary times (page two).
    [Show full text]
  • Bruce Yelk (215) 599-7431, [email protected] Jenea Robinson (215) 599-2291, [email protected]
    CONTACT: Bruce Yelk (215) 599-7431, [email protected] Jenea Robinson (215) 599-2291, [email protected] Tweet It: Gay civil rights movement hits 50-year milestone in @visitphilly: http://bit.ly/1B6DZla PHILADELPHIA MARKS 50 YEARS LGBT ACTIVISM A Year of Exhibitions, Re-enactments & Special Events Celebrate 50th Anniversary Of Pivotal Independence Mall Demonstrations PHILADELPHIA, March 4, 2015 – Philadelphia celebrates five decades of political progress with the 50th Anniversary of the Gay Rights Movement. Commemorative exhibitions at major institutions and a moving re-enactment of the original Fourth of July demonstration honor the milestone year. Now one of the country’s leading gay-friendly destinations, the City of Brotherly Love played a pivotal role in the earliest days of the American gay-rights movement. The first major U.S. protest for LGBT equality took place in front of Independence Hall on July 4, 1965. Coordinated by Philadelphia resident Barbara Gittings and Washingtonian Frank Kameny, now known as the mother and father of gay rights, the protest marked the first time activists from multiple cities openly identified themselves as gay and called for equality. The “Annual Reminder” protest took place every Independence Day for four years. On June 28, 1969—days before the last Annual Reminder—the Stonewall riots in New York City shook the LGBT community. Leaders who were influential in the Philadelphia protests focused their efforts on the Christopher Street Liberation Day, which marked the first anniversary of the Stonewall riots and included the country’s first Gay Pride parade. Here’s a look at Philadelphia’s yearlong 50th Anniversary of the Gay Rights Movement: Ongoing Exhibitions: The Rosenbach of the Free Library of Philadelphia puts unpublished works and handwritten notes by Oscar Wilde on public display for the first time in Everything is Going on Brilliantly: Oscar Wilde and Philadelphia.
    [Show full text]
  • Movements and Memory: the Making of the Stonewall Myth
    Movements and Memory: The Making of the Stonewall Myth Elizabeth A. Armstrong Suzanna M. Crage Indiana University, Bloomington Indiana University, Bloomington This article examines why the Stonewall riots became central to gay collective memory while other events did not. It does so through a comparative-historical analysis of Stonewall and four events similar to it that occurred in San Francisco, Los Angeles, and New York in the 1960s. The Stonewall riots were remembered because they were the first to meet two conditions: activists considered the event commemorable and had the mnemonic capacity to create a commemorative vehicle. That this conjuncture occurred in New York in 1969, and not earlier or elsewhere, was a result of complex political developments that converged in this time and place. The success of the national commemorative ritual planned by New York activists depended on its resonance, not only in New York but also in other U.S. cities. Gay community members found Stonewall commemorable and the proposed parade an appealing form for commemoration. The parade was amenable to institutionalization, leading it to survive over time and spread around the world. The Stonewall story is thus an achievement of gay liberation rather than an account of its origins. n the evening of June 27, 1969, New York sexual bar in Greenwich Village. This was not Opolice raided the Stonewall Inn, a homo- unusual: police raids of homosexual bars were common in New York and other American cities in the 1960s. This time, however, bar patrons Direct correspondence to Elizabeth A. Armstrong, fought back instead of passively enduring humil- Department of Sociology, Ballantine Hall 744, 1020 iating treatment.
    [Show full text]
  • June 2016 Rethinking the Stonewall Riots
    June 2016 From the Executive Director Upcoming Events Visit Us Rethinking the Stonewall Riots: 'A Turning Point, Not a Starting Point' Reports in the national media suggest that President Obama soon will declare the site of the 1969 Stonewall Riots in New York City the first national monument to honor LGBTQ history. As the Washington Post notes in a story on May 3, the decision involves "singling out a sliver of green space and part of the surrounding Greenwich Village neighborhood as the birthplace of America's modern gay liberation movement." For historian Marc Stein, this conventional claim about Stonewall both obscures the broader history of the LGBTQ movement and creates confusion about the genuine significance of the riots. A new member of the board of the GLBT Historical Society, Stein is the Jamie and Phyllis Pasker Professor of History at San Francisco State University and is the author of three books, including Rethinking the Gay and Lesbian Movement (Routledge, 2012). In this exclusive interview, he provides an overview of his perspective on Stonewall. The Stonewall Riots often are described as the beginning of the modern gay rights movement. Does the historical record support this idea? Absolutely not and it frustrates me whenever I see this claim made, which is quite often! Saying that the modern movement began at Stonewall is just a slightly improved version of the notion that the movement itself began there. What is "modern" supposed to mean in this formulation? If we're thinking internationally, I see late-19th-century Europe as the key time and place.
    [Show full text]
  • Out of the Closet and Into the Streets: on the Flamboyance and Fervor of the Gay Liberation Movement Rafael Anguiano HIST 1493
    Out of the Closet and into the Streets: On the Flamboyance and Fervor of the Gay Liberation Movement Rafael Anguiano HIST 1493: U.S. History Post-Civil War Mr. Ryan Brumbelow April 23, 2018 Anguiano 1 Ironically enough, mere moments after bemoaning today’s young generation of LGBT men and women for being uneducated on the history of LGBT rights, drag performer Derrick Barry erroneously asserted that “people were killed” at the Stonewall Inn in 1969.1 Amusing attempt to appear well-versed aside, Barry’s dismay at the state of LGBT education is widely shared throughout the LGBT community. There is a sense that modern LGBT Americans are out of touch with their history, complacent in the advent of a post-Obergefell v. Hodges society where the most visible battleground for LGBT rights, same-sex marriage, is no longer in the public consciousness. With that in mind, young LGBT people are increasingly turning to formal institutions to educate them, but one particular chapter is all too often overlooked. As a result, this chapter, called the gay liberation movement, deserves a renewed consideration. What chiefly differentiated the gay liberation movement of the late sixties to late seventies from earlier iterations of gay rights efforts was the adoption of rhetoric and action that emphasized a proud embrace of the LGBT identity, which brought with it a new set of accomplishments as well as challenges. Following the flashpoint that was the Stonewall riots, many gay men and women felt that the politics of the homophile movement were too mild; dissatisfied, this new generation of activists went on to write and adopt the radical rhetoric that defined the gay liberation movement.
    [Show full text]
  • Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen Collection Coll.3 Alina Josan
    Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen collection Coll.3 Alina Josan. Last updated on March 08, 2019. John J. Wilcox, Jr. LGBT Archives, William Way LGBT Community Center Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen collection Table of Contents Summary Information....................................................................................................................................3 Biography/History..........................................................................................................................................4 Scope and Contents....................................................................................................................................... 4 Administrative Information........................................................................................................................... 7 Related Materials........................................................................................................................................... 7 Controlled Access Headings..........................................................................................................................8 Collection Inventory...................................................................................................................................... 9 Subject files..............................................................................................................................................9 Periodicals.............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny Picket Sign Collection, Circa 1965-1969 Coll2018-026
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c81r6x53 Online items available Finding aid to the Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny picket sign collection, circa 1965-1969 Coll2018-026 Loni Shibuyama Processing this collection has been funding by a generous grant from the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR). ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives, USC Libraries, University of Southern California © 2018 909 West Adams Boulevard Los Angeles, California 90007 [email protected] URL: http://one.usc.edu Coll2018-026 1 Language of Material: English Contributing Institution: ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives, USC Libraries, University of Southern California Title: Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny picket sign collection source: Gittings, Barbara, 1932-2007 source: Kameny, Frank, 1925-2011 Identifier/Call Number: Coll2018-026 Physical Description: 2 Linear Feet7 items. Date (inclusive): circa 1965-1969 Abstract: Seven picket signs from the earliest public demonstrations in the United States advocating for gay and lesbian rights, organized by Frank Kameny and Barbara Gittings, among others. The original protests and subsequent "Annual Reminder" demonstrations were held in Washington, D.C., New York City, and Philadelphia from 1965-1969, and were attended by east coast members of the Mattachine Society, Janus Society, and Daughters of Bilitis. Arrangement The items are arranged alphabetically. Biographical / Historical In 1965, a group of gay and lesbian activists, including Frank Kameny, Barbara Gittings, and Craig Rodwell, organized a series of public demonstrations in Washington, D.C., which were some of the earliest public demonstrations in the United States advocating for gay and lesbian rights. The demonstrations culminated with a group of approximately 70 activists picketing in front of the White House in April of that year.
    [Show full text]
  • Joan Fleischmann Collection on East Coast Homophile Organizations (ECHO), Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations (ERCHO), and Others Coll.26
    Joan Fleischmann collection on East Coast Homophile Organizations (ECHO), Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations (ERCHO), and others Coll.26 John Anderies. Last updated on March 08, 2019. John J. Wilcox, Jr. LGBT Archives, William Way LGBT Community Center Joan Fleischmann collection on East Coast Homophile Organizations (ECHO), Eastern Regional Conferenc... Table of Contents Summary Information....................................................................................................................................3 Biography/History..........................................................................................................................................4 Scope and Contents....................................................................................................................................... 7 Administrative Information........................................................................................................................... 7 Related Materials........................................................................................................................................... 8 Controlled Access Headings..........................................................................................................................9 Collection Inventory.................................................................................................................................... 10 - Page 2 - Joan Fleischmann collection on East Coast Homophile Organizations (ECHO),
    [Show full text]