Uest for Quality, Conservationyearbook No
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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 061 063 SE 013 395 TITLE Quest for Quality, ConservationYearbook No. 1. INSTITUTION Department of the Interior,Washington, D.C. PUB DATE 65 NOTE 99o. AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent of documents, GovernmentPrinting Office, Washington, D.C. 20402($1.00) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS *Agency Role; *Annual Reports;Conservation Education; *Environment; *Federal Programs; Management; *Natural Resources;Photocomposit n; Program Descriptions; Yearbooks ABST ACT Presented in this 1964 yearbook arehighlights of the work done by the various bureausand offices of the Department ofthe Interior. Coverage is broad,relating to many aspects of conservation in the United States in adescriptive, non-technical style. Someof the topics considered includethe quality of living; recreation, water, mineral, fuel, land,fish, and wildlife resources; research programs; human needs and resources;and Department management. Numerous graphics, coloredand black and white picturesenhance the narration. (BL) uest U S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATION S. WELFARE OFFICE OF ECILICATION THIS OOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSCAI OR OROANIZATION ORIO !MATING IT POINTS OF NHF.O., OR OPIN IONS STATED DO NO NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDU CATION POSITION OR POLICY U.S. Department of the InteriorConservation Yearbook _.k Quest jir Quality CONSERVATION YEARBOOK1 PUBLISHED BY THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THr INTEllOR, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY WIKOPoliggsa I. u 4 PC w L' cri w 0 mELIJW0U .74 0Z) 4 (,) 4 u 0 s614"-HAI'"'41), 0 -41 IL) o,!.? d4U'i' 1:4 0-1 L561 d 1;1 4 CLI 4 i;,.1Z hi:" -go " 1.1 tJ I. 0 i'11 U 0 11 u Lr, u po 1.4 0 7,1t0 0 iw 0 w "r)01,5 0 1.1 U- Li71)1 w "r 4 P 't1710',100t,',1 d 4pUw4101P- 1,4 "444 p 0 ch PZ fl IA tr)Irf) 4 'N NM-1.01 '" 1% u " 0 .'" u 4 ;4 4 ,0 lu 0 , e."4=i P , -,t. l' A, ,. , Z=Itta,1-...111L 4 .4: 'Our resource problems in the 1960's aremeasureci by the, flyway of a bird,_the length of a river, 'thehalf-life of an element, the path.of a wind, the scope of the oceari,s,the shape of our cities.The years ahead Swill require both public and private corervationstatesmanship of a high orde Secretory of the Interior 1' The busy shuttle of civilization is weaving the pattern of our society with increasing speed. AS roads lace the land, we must blend beauty with utility or sacrifice quality to chaos. One road there is which every living thing must travelthe of our people and the natural resources of our land, but ac- road to the future.The choice of where it will lead still tually to improve the heritage which has been handed to us. seems to lie with us, but no one can say with certainty that The historian looking back on our moment in time may this is so. note that the United States of America reached its golden days The road to the future is enigmatic, springing into being in the mid-20th century with respect to the equilibrium be- only as we set our feet to it. revealing itself only as it be- tween needs and resources.Prom this truly bountiful land comes the past .. visible only in the rear view mirror of his- we have drawn amply to satisfy our material needs.The in- tory.Yet even though we must walk it under these handi- comparable machine civilization, which we alternately enjoy caps, we have learned to rcad certain signposts of the past and and endure, has reached its current peak because we have had present. How we react to these may well determine whether the resource wherewithal to draw on, to develoP, to convert we march uphill to what President Johnson has called the and build and bend to our will. Great Society or take the downward path to mediocrity. So far, our history has recorded two great thrusts, or atti- Today we face perhaps the gravestcertainly the most stim- tudes, with relation to our natural recources and now wc are ulatingchallenge in the history of conservation.It is the entering a third.In the beginning, Nature was a reluctant challenge to build a quality societyone in which we manage treasure.We fought to tame and subdue and then to exploit not just to preserve the delicate balance between the needs her bounty.Usage was the key word in those earliest days, 6 Photo by Ray Atkoson and the men who prospered were those who mastered Nature's thrust.It was the period of Theodore Roosevelt and it cli- secretson the land, in the waters and under the eartl-LFor maxed a scholarly and scientific movement that had its ori- mastery meant power, and this Nation was bent on becoming gins in the 19th century work of men like Marsh, Hough and strong. Schurz. The tone was strongly preservationist and antimonop- In the early part of this cen ury came the first conservation olistic and it resulted in the start of public management and EVOLUTION OF NATIONAL ATTITUDES AND NATURAL RESOURCES POLICY 411 Subdue and Exploit Regulate Applied Ecology TOTAL HARVESTING PRESERVE AND HOARD WISE USE AND RENEWING 7 Trees hc 'yenway tothe gravel _ the regulatory phase.Its origins were largely in the cities of conservation of single resources gave way to one of preserving the East and much of the stimulus came from the wholesale and developing the American environmentusing fully the destruction of forests in the East and of wildlife in the West tools of modern science. and South. Today we face the future with every sign urging us to reassess The second great forward movement came with F. D. It. the material base on which we must support our exploding and the New Deal.The conservation of resources during this population.In an earlier period of our history we held it wise time became an instrument of economic recovery of regional and necessary to wrest the riches from our surroundings. and national growth, and later of defense buildup. Later it behooved us to preserve, protect, even to hoard our The third wave came with the Kennedy-Johnson Adminis- natural resources.Today we find conservation challenging tration. From the beginning of World War 11 through the post- not our muscles, but our minds. war retooling, natural resources policies and programs wcre of No longer can we afford to cluster our conservationists into low priority. In 1961, President Kennedy redefined national re- clubs.The concept of .,...:.:.rvation cannot be isolated on little source policies and gave direction to a program of new starts islands of awareness.It must become universally accepted as on a wide front.The program instituted at this time broad- a familiar, taken-for-granted part of everyday life.Only thus ened the policies of previous administrations; the concept of can thegolden days balance" we now enjoy be preserved. Wood and soil once meant a tree- 8 11.0 ilde- thezdu 1 complex. and the billboard The new direction conservation is taking has been defined as at new programs designed not just to remedy our yesterdays, applied ecology,' which means living things and how they but to enhance our tomorrows. relate CO their total environment.ft means stretching our re- The program of wise and prophetic stewardship being sources to cover the demands of a growing population and still forged today is both careful and daring.Conceived on a truly observing the rightful claims of the inhabitants of many an national scale, it is deeper than soil conservation, broader than obscure "ecological niche." wildlife preservation, more penetrating than forest husbandry, It means not just the setting aside of priceless and irreplace- more encompassing than control of air and water pollution. able natural treasures and the wisest multiple use of renewable Against a backdrop of unplanned sprawl and planned ugli- resources, but an honest attempt to understand the relationship ness, two Presidents have moved to develop important new of all creaturesfrom the tiniest organisms in the chain of life measures designed to bring order and meaning into the overall to the lords of creation which we fondly imagine to be our- conservation picture.The pieces are being picked up and put selves.The integrity of this chain is becoming increasingly together to form a picture where every living creature and the apparent.Our exalted position atop the pyramid of life is total environment which sustains it has a rightful place and a secure only if the base is allowed tO remain broad and varied. recognized right to occupy that place. Thoughtfully and surely this Nation's caretakers are arriving Water, iron ore, copperthese are among thc basic resources The relationship of wood to land is changing drastically 9 canderbn nee:. Photo by M. Woodbridge Williams fundamental to a modern machine civil zation.During 1964, picture comes into sharper focus when wc say that the total our population will use approximately 118 trillion gallons of amounts of water, copper, and iron needed just to sustain the water, 132 million tons of iron ore, and 1.5 million tons of present U.S. population for the remaining years of their lives copper.This same population will, in its lifetime, require is larger than the totals used by all the men, women, and chil- about 6.3 quadrillion gallons of water, 7.3 billion tons of iron dren who previously lived on this earth. ore, and 90 million tons of copper.