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Inc. Chronology Management Team Carl An Adirondack Chronology by The Adirondack Research Library of Protect the Adirondacks! Inc. Chronology Management Team Carl George Professor of Biology, Emeritus Department of Biology Union College Schenectady, NY 12308 [email protected] Richard E. Tucker Adirondack Research Library 897 St. David’s Lane Niskayuna, NY 12309 [email protected] Abbie Verner Archivist, Town of Long Lake P.O. Box 42 Long Lake, NY 12847 [email protected] Frank M. Wicks Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering Union College Schenectady, NY 12308 [email protected] Last revised and enlarged – 25 March 2012 (No. 63) www.protectadks.org Adirondack Chronology 1 last revised 3/26/2012 Contents Page Adirondack Research Library 2 Introduction 2 Key References 4 Bibliography and Chronology 18 Special Acknowledgements 19 Abbreviations, Acronyms and Definitions 22 Adirondack Chronology – Event and Year 36 Needed dates 388 Adirondack Research Library The Adirondack Chronology is a useful resource for researchers and all others interested in the Adirondacks. This useful reference is made available by the Adirondack Research Library (ARL) committee of Protect the Adirondacks! Inc., most recently via the Schaffer Library of Union College, Schenectady, NY where the Adirondack Research Library has recently been placed on ‘permanent loan’ by PROTECT. Union College Schaffer Library makes the Adirondack Research Library collections available to the public as they has always been by appointment only (we are a non-lending ‘special research library’ in the grand scheme of things. See http://libguides.union.edu/content.php?pid=309126&sid=2531789. Our holdings can be searched It is hoped that the Adirondack Chronology may serve as a 'starter set' of basic information leading to more in- depth research. Can the ARL further serve your research needs? To find out, visit our web page, or even better, visit the ARL at the Center for the Forest Preserve, 897 St. David's Lane, Niskayuna, N.Y., 12309. (Phone: 518-377-1452) The ARL houses one of the finest collections available of books and periodicals, manuscripts, maps, photographs, and private papers dealing with the Adirondacks. Its volunteers will gladly assist you in finding answers to your questions and locating materials and contacts for your research projects. Introduction Is a chronology of the Adirondacks events really possible? Is there any merit in attempting to record the beginning of every town; the opening date for every golf course, airport, factory, road and power line right- of way; and dam; the passing of every important meteorological event, earthquake, landslide, forest fire and flood; the appearance of every alien species or biological pathogen; the extinction or extirpation of every native species; the promulgation of every law; the making of every work of art, which has occurred in the two great parks of New York or has impact on these great resources? Of course we argue “yes” - because someone will want to know and because the resulting juxtaposition of events will inevitably lead to new ways of thinking about our regional history and the causality of its events. Besides, the era of the computer is upon us and the interested user can easily find a desired date or dates in seconds. And all are welcome to help us draft this nearly endless list; just contact one of the chronology managers with your suggestions. The task is not impossible. The Adirondack Chronology deals with all aspects of the Adirondack region to best suggest the various causal processes at work; several examples: forest exploitation leading to forest fire, in turn leading to protective legislation; trails of the Haudenosaunee leading to roads fostering development and then protective legislation, and so on. Crucial events also often occur well outside of the Adirondack region, e.g. invention of the snowmobile, the building of coal burning plants in the Mid-West, the growth of nickel- 2 copper smelting in the Sudbury region of Ontario, the explosion of Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines, federal and state legislation, the introduction of the European Starling in New York City, the painting of a great picture or the writing of an inspirational poem. Further, one of our greatest challenges has been the point where we break the “causal chain”, but without doing so we are faced with recounting much of the history of civilization! We thus ask for the patience of the user on such decisions. The user may use the Find mode (case sensitive detail may help) to extract any particular subject such as the natural history of the ‘moose’ or American ‘beaver’, the history of the Association for the Protection of the Adirondacks (AfPA), the dates of establishment of the many ‘Correctional Facilities’ in the region, global climatic change ‘(GCC)’, or many other subjects. In respect to the Haudenosaunee, i. e. the People of the Longhouse, we usually use this name rather than the more pejorative term Iroquois. The works of Stephen T. Jackson (1988, 1990) and Donald Whitehead (1990) have been especially useful in estimating the advent of the sylva. We use their first approximations. The Environment DEC Newsletter with its Issues of Environment is another especially useful resource. Finally, the works of Norman J. Van Valkenburgh, especially his masterful and detailed Land Acquisition for New York State: An Historical Perspective, have been crucial. Representative works, i.e. not all of the works, of a particular author, poet or artist, are often given to suggest the period of his or her activity. References for many topics are presented, especially those dealing with more esoteric topics. Well-known events are cited-documented in many available sources – including electronic “search engines” - and these are usually not listed. Precise locations for events dealing with rare and endangered species are not presented as a matter of protection. Acronyms are commonly used toward conciseness and a special section explaining each follows. Details on dam locations are limited in accord with security measures introduced following the events of September 11, 2001, however the serial number for each dam is listed to permit further research with the NYS DEC. A number of authorities have been especially helpful with their guidance and they are listed with our profound thanks. Finally, we offer the inevitable disclaimer: The dates provided are the best that we have discovered. Some may be wrong. Do not place total faith in our offerings. Further, we would appreciate receiving guidance on dates and events which should be included or those which you find to be in error. 3 Key References Ackerman, David H. 1998. Lake Placid Club: An Illustrated History. Lake Placid Education Foundation. Adirondack Life, eminent journal featuring the Adirondacks with main offices in Jay, NY, 12941 (P.O. Box 410); first, as a bimonthly, issued in December of 1969 but now published eight times per year. Adler, Jeanne Winston. 1997. Early Days in the Adirondacks: The Photographs of Seneca Ray Stoddard. Harry N. Abrams Pub, NY, 179 pp. Alvarez, L., W. Alvarez, F. Asaro, and H. V. Michel. 1980. Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction. Science. 208:1095-1108. Alvarez, Walter. 1997. T. rex and the Crater of Doom, Vintage Books, Division of Random House, NY. 185 pp. Andrle, Robert F., and Janet R. Carroll. 1988. The Atlas of Breeding Birds in New York State. Cornell University Press, Ithaca and London. 551 pp. Angelfire. Chronology of Iron and Steel: Northern New York State Area. Retrieved 13August, 2003. http://www.angelfire.com/mo2/hunsmire/ironsteelhistory.html (This is an especially detailed source.) Angus, Christopher. 2002. The Extraordinary Adirondack Journey of Clarence Petty: Wilderness Guide, Pilot, and Conservationist. Syracuse Univ. Books, Syracuse, NY. 265 pp. Anon. 2002. Documentary Chronology of Selected Events in the Development of the American Conservation Movement, 1847-1920. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amrvhtml/cnchronb.html (This is an especially useful source.) Anon. Undated. Historic USGS Maps of New England & New York. University of New Hampshire Documents Department & Data Center. To access on the web type USGA, comma and the name of quadrangle in question. Anon. Undated. Adirondack Medical Center. A one-page history of the General Hospital at Saranac Lake and the (Lake) Placid Memorial Hospital and their consolidation on 1 January, 1991. Anon. 2002. ARS Research Timeline . 138 Years of Agriculture Research History of research at the U.S.Department of Agriculture and Agricultural Research Service. http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/timeline/comp.htm. 46 pages (An important agricultural chronology available on the internet) Bailey, Liberty Hyde. 1980 (reprint of 1915 edn.). The Holy Earth. New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ithaca, NY. 112 pp. Baker, J. P. et al. 1990. Adirondack Lakes Survey: An Interpretive Analysis of Fish Communities and Water Chemistry, 1984-1987. Adirondack Lake Survey Corporation, Ray Brook, New York Banks, Russell, et al. 1992. The Adirondacks, Special Issue on the East’s Vast, Unappreciated Park, in Natural History, May, pp. 24-61 4 Beehler, Bruce McP. 1978. Birdlife of the Adirondack Park. Adirondack Mountain Club, Glens Falls, NY. 210 pp. Bollback, Harry. 1998. The House that Jack (the word Jack crossed out and replaced with the word God): The History of Jack Wyrtzen. Word of Life Fellowship, Inc., Schroon Lake, NY. 165 pp. (See chapter 8 for details on the acquisitional history for the large holdings of the Word of Life Institute at Schroon Lake.) Bourcier, Paul G. 1986. History in the Mapping: Four Centuries of Adirondack Cartography; a Catalogue of the Exhibition, Jun 12, 1984-October 15, 1985. Adirondack Museum, Blue Mt. Lake, NY 69 pp. Bowie, Mark. 2006. Adirondack Waters: Spirit of the Mountains. North Country Books. 144 pp. Boylen, Charles W. 1981. The Lake George Ecosystem: Proceedings of the Lake George Research Symposium and Contributed Papers. Lake George Association, Lake George, New York.
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