Play Activities Developmental Sequence
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June 2004 PLAY ACTIVITIES ♦ DEVELOPMENTAL SEQUENCE Activity begins for a child as soon as they respond to light, and focus on objects. Visual experience with light and bright colors is important to the child. 4 months old The infant at 16 weeks spends much of his waking period in physical activity. He is able to grasp objects, and enjoys brightly colored dangling toys. 7 months old At this age the infant plays with feet and hands and does a lot of vigorous bouncing and kicking. He enjoys playing with string, paper, soft rubber squeak toys, rattles, and blocks with balls or beads inside. 10 months old Vocalization is part of the infant’s activity now. He is usually capable of producing two syllable sounds. He enjoys making lip noises and vocalizes at a high pitch. He concentrates on inspection and exploration of toys, chewing almost everything within his reach. One year old Now the child is pulling himself to stand, cruising, creeping on floors, and standing alone. Activities most enjoyed are gross motor activities, such as putting objects in and out of cups, baskets, boxes, or smooth edged cans. Playschool Postal Box, Blocks – Rubber and Plastic, Peg boards and pegs, Color cube board 18 month old – Endless Exercise of Walking Activity Child explores more; likes stuffed animals; likes pull toys; likes pictures of familiar objects; likes short rhythms and interesting sounds; likes to participate in routine household activities. He loves to move things and climb, so furniture which could be tipped over should be anchored or removed from the play area. The play is solitary or onlooker play. Pull toys, Push toys, Blocks, Wooden Trains, Scrapbooks, Postal boxes Two years old 1. Less rapid shifts in attention. Interest in drawling and manipulating play material to feel, pat, and pound. 2. Interest in dolls and teddy bears (domestic mimicry); beads (string them), or drop them in holes in tops of boxes or cans only to dump them out and repeat the process; blocks and wagon (transports blocks in wagon more than building with them.) 3. Does not imitate things which he remembers, but only those events which are present to his senses. 1 June 2004 4. Parallel play predominates when with other children, though he obviously enjoys being with other children. 5. Little interest in what other children do or say, but may hug them or push them out of the way as though they were physical objects. 6. Little social give-and-take but much physical snatch and grab accompanied by defending rights by kicking and pulling hair which may end in hilarious scuffle. 7. Does not ask for help; adult must be constantly watchful and ready to help without waiting to be asked. List of Toys for Two Year Old Level I. Develop Physical Strength and Skill Push and Pull Toys Wagon Wheelbarrow Wooden Beads and String II. Develop Creative Play Large Hollow Blocks Large Peg boards and Pegs Cones of Blocks III. Develop Ego Strength Doll Carriage Broom Sweeper Dishes Simple Trains Simple Boats Toy Animals Milk Wagon IV. Social Development Dolls Balls Blocks Wagons Picture Books Lacing Shoe V. Develop Artistic Ability Easel Large Crayons Modeling Clay Jingle Bells Drums 2 June 2004 Three year old 1. Dramatization and imagination beginning to enter into play. 2. Interest in combining such playthings as blocks and cars, making roads, garages, and bridges. 3. Increasing interest in playing with other children rather than playing alone. May play in groups of two or three, but these are constantly shifting in make-up and activity. 4. Cooperative activity taking the place of physical contacts. 5. Is willing to wait his turn. 6. Will put away his toys with some supervision. List of Toys for Three Year Old Level I. Develop Physical Strength and Skill Junior Jungle Gym Toy auto to ride in Small Slide Three Wheeled Scooters Balance Board Wading Pool Push and Pull Toys II. Develop Creative Ability Sand Toys Blunt Scissors and Colored Paper Tinker Toys Hammer and Large Nail Set Picture Puzzles (3-4 pieces) Montessori Pieces III. Ego Strength Development Broom Sweeper Dump Truck Small Auto for dolls Design blocks. IV. Social Development Dolls Doll Corner Material (furniture) Balls Wagons V. Artistic Development Easel Modeling Clay Crayons Water Colors 3 June 2004 Play Dough Four year old 1. Considerable increase in constructive use of materials and in manipulation and dramatization of play. 2. Has very complicated ideas but unable to carry them out in detail, and has no carryover from day to day. 3. Prefers to play in a group of two or three children. Often chooses favorite companion of own sex. 4. Suggests turns but is often bossy in directing others and is often silly in his play and may do things wrong purposely. 5. Puts away toys by himself. 6. Marked rise in activity. 7. Likes to “dress up.” List of Toys for Four Year Old Level I. Develop Physical Strength and Skill Bubble Set Sand Digger Simple Throwing Games Simple Rolling Games Balls Hand Car Ten Pin Game II. Develop Dramatic and Imitative Play Garden Toys Housekeeping Toys Simple Stories Fire Engines Garages and Gas Stations Farm Sets Noah’s Ark Toy Telephone III. Social Development Toy Village IV. Creative Development Blocks Paper to Cut Blunt Scissors Small Beads to String Felt-O-Game Picture Puzzles V. Artistic Development 4 June 2004 Easel Large Paints and Crayons Finger Painting Material Modeling Clay Paper Weaving Paper Chains Paper Birds Chalk or Crayon Drawings Sewing Cards Sewing Coasters Sewing Pictures VI. Educational Stimulation Animal and Bird Stimulation Object Lotto Games Scrapbooks and Pictures Aquarium Five year old 1. Very fond of cutting out and pasting and in working on a specific project such as a store or a boat (project is carried over from day to day), and in dressing up in adult’s clothes 2. Definite interest in finishing what he has started even though it takes several days. 3. Plays in groups of two to five. Friendships are becoming stronger. 4. Spurred on in activity by rivalry. 5. Interest in going on excursions. List of toys for Five Year Old Level I. Develop Strength and Skill Tennis Racket with Ball attached Scooter Simple Throwing Games Simple Rolling Games Balls Roller Skates and Ice Skates Ten Pin Game Kite II. Develop Dramatic and Imitative Play (con’t) Noah’s Ark Toy Telephone Small Pocketbook III. Social Development Animal Lasso Games X-Ray Pictures 5 June 2004 Huckleberry Hound Game Counting Frame Parquetry Blocks IV. Creative Play Blocks Paper to Cut Blunt Scissors Simple Tool Chest Hammer and Small Nail Set Indian Hat Musical Instruments V. Artistic Development Woven Paper mats Easel Large Paints and Crayons Finger Painting Pictures Chalk and Crayon Drawing Water Colors Leather Link Belts VI. Educational Stimulation Animal and Bird Lotto Games Rubber Stamp Print Set Animal and Bird Picture Puzzles Scrapbook and Pictures Aquarium Lincoln Logs Six years old 1. Takes more active part in reading. 2. He may “read” stories from memory as though he were really reading the printed page aloud. 3. Recognizes single words in books and magazines. 4. Daily comics and comic books telling about animals are beginning to make a steady in-road into his life. Seven year old 1. Enjoys reading those portions of stories which are within his ability. 2. Boys interested in Army-Navy stories, and books on airplanes, electricity, earth, and nature. 3. Girls choose such books as Heidi. Eight year old 1. Enjoys reading spontaneously. 6 June 2004 2. Still enjoys being read to. 3. Enjoys hearing classics of childhood. 4. Interested in books of travel, geography, and far away times and places. 5. Comic books are still favorites; they are collected, borrowed, and hoarded. 6. Still likes the animal and slap-stick comics. 7. Beginning to branch out into the blood and thunder type. 8. Likes to look at pictorial magazines and catalogues. Nine year old 1. They are great readers at this age and may even appear to be living in the book world. 2. The books he likes, he reads over and over again. 3. Very fond of animal stories. 4. Repeated favorites are Tom Sawyer, Treasure Island, King Arthur, and Bambi. 5. Biographies, mysteries, and the encyclopedia or reference all interest him. 6. Fond of comic books which deal with adventure, war, and slap-stick, domestic humor. 7. Is not so fanatical about reading comic books and will accept other books. Suggested list of toys for early childhood: Six to Ten Years I. Development of Physical Strength and Skill Gym Equipment Jungle Gym Ring Toss Games Archery with rubber tipped arrows Croquet Hoops Tops to Spin Kites Jump Ropes Marbles Ball and Jack Set Stilts Sleds Skis Woodworking II. Develop Constructive and Creative Play Metal and Wood construction sets Picture Puzzles (12 pieces and over) Modeling wax and clay Paper Craft materials Felt-o-grams Construction blocks (complicated) Leatherwork 7 June 2004 Model Airplanes III. Develop Dramatic and Imitative Play Circus sets Toy Theater Puppets and Marionettes Toy Greenhouse Play Stories Cash Register Boats Dolls and Paper Dolls Doll Houses Families of small dolls Doll Trunks, etc. Costumes IV. Social Development National costume dolls Games such as Parcheesi Games of Checkers, etc. Ping-pong Bean bag Ring Toss Tiddlywinks Card games Marble games V. Artistic Development, Arts and Crafts Painting sets Weaving sets Sewing sets Modeling Clay Bead Looms Xylophone, drums, etc. Pot holders Linoleum block print Wood flowers over cardboard Tapestry Colonial mats Crepe paper dolls VI. Educational Stimulation Map puzzles, lotto, or keno Dominoes Blackboard and crayons Counting games 8 June 2004 Puzzle games Puzzle clock Printing sets Desk and chair play Books VII Scientific and Mechanical Interest Flower lotto game Magnet sets Toy scales Blueprint outfits Erector sets Chemistry sets VIII Avocational Interest Collector’s books for birds, animals, flowers, shells Buttons, etc.