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Self-Assessment Tool for the Evaluation of Essential Public Health

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Self-Assessment Tool for the Evaluation of Essential Public Health The WHO Regional Office for Europe SELF-ASSESSMENT TOOL FOR THE EVALUATION OF ESSENTIAL PUBLIC HEALTH OPERATIONS IN THE WHO EUROPEAN REGION The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations created in 1948 with the primary responsibility for international health matters and public health. The WHO Regional Office for Europe is one of six regional offices throughout the world, each with its own programme geared to the particular health conditions of the countries it serves. Member States Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Self-assessment tool for the Poland Portugal evaluation Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation of essential public health San Marino Serbia operations Slovakia Slovenia in the WHO European Region Spain Sweden Switzerland Tajikistan The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe UN City, Marmorvej 51, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Tel.: +45 45 33 70 00 Fax: +45 45 33 70 01 Email: [email protected] Website: www.euro.who.int Self-assessment tool for the evaluation of essential public health operations in the WHO European Region Abstract Through a process of extensive and iterative consultation, the WHO Regional Office for Europe devised 10 essential public health operations (EPHOs) that define the field of modern public health for the Member States in the WHO European Region. Formally endorsed by all of the Member States in the Region,the EPHOs form a comprehensive package that all Member States should aim to provide to their populations.The public health self-assessment tool presented here provides a series of criteria with which national public health officials can evaluate the delivery of the EPHOs in their particular settings. These criteria have, wherever possible, been developed on the basisofexisting WHO guidance. The toolcan be used to foster dialogue on the strengths, weaknesses and gaps in EPHOs; generate policy options or recommendations for public health reforms; contribute to the development of public health policies, or be used for educational or training purposes. Keywords PUBLIC HEALTH SELF-ASSESSMENT DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE HEALTH SERVICES EVALUATION STUDIES EUROPE Address requests about publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO Regional Office for Europe UN City, Marmorvej 51 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for permission to quote or translate, on the Regional Office website (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest). ISBN 978 92 890 50999 © World Health Organization 2015 All rights reserved. The Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either express or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use. The views expressed by authors, editors, or expert groups do not necessarily represent the decisions or the stated policy of the World Health Organization. iii CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................ V INTRODUCTION TO THE SELF-ASSESSMENT TOOL .................................................... 1 Historical development of the Essential Public Health Functions and Operations .................................. 1 Scope and purpose of the self-assessment tool ..................................................................................... 3 The EPHO SELF-ASSESSMENT TOOL at a glance ...................................................................................... 3 Limitations ............................................................................................................................................. 8 INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE SELF-ASSESSMENT ................................. 10 Organizing the self-assessment ............................................................................................................ 10 Completing the questionnaire ............................................................................................................. 11 Complementary material and instruments .......................................................................................... 12 EPHO 1. SURVEILLANCE OF POPULATION HEALTH AND WELL-BEING ............ 12 Description of EPHO............................................................................................................................. 12 1.A. Health data sources and tools ....................................................................................................... 13 1.B. Surveillance of population health and disease programmes ......................................................... 15 1.C. Surveillance of health system performance .................................................................................. 17 1.D. Data integration, analysis and reporting ....................................................................................... 19 EPHO2. MONITORING AND RESPONSE TO HEALTH HAZARDS AND EMERGENCIES ....................................................................................................................... 21 Description of EPHO............................................................................................................................. 21 2.A. Identification andmonitoring of health hazards ............................................................................ 21 2.B. Preparedness and response to Public Healthemergencies ............................................................ 25 2.C. Implementation of IHR.................................................................................................................. 29 EPHO 3. HEALTH PROTECTION, INCLUDING ENVIRONMENTAL, OCCUPATIONAL AND FOOD SAFETY AND OTHERS .................................................. 33 Description of EPHO............................................................................................................................. 33 3.A. Environmental health protection .................................................................................................. 33 3.B. Occupational health protection .................................................................................................... 38 3.C. Food safety ................................................................................................................................... 41 3.D. Patient safety ............................................................................................................................... 43 3.E. Road safety ................................................................................................................................... 46 3.F. Consumer product safety .............................................................................................................. 48 EPHO 4. HEALTH PROMOTION, INCLUDING ACTION TO ADDRESS SOCIAL DETERMINANTS AND HEALTH INEQUITY ................................................................... 50 Description of EPHO............................................................................................................................. 50 4.A. Intersectoral and interdisciplinary capacity .................................................................................. 51 4.B. Addressing behavioural, social and Environmental determinants of health through a whole-of- government, whole-of-society approach ............................................................................................. 52 iv EPHO5. DISEASE PREVENTION, INCLUDING EARLY DETECTION OF ILLNESS 64 Description of EPHO............................................................................................................................. 64 5.A. Primary Prevention ....................................................................................................................... 65 5.B. Secondary prevention ..................................................................................................................
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