ABORIGINAL and ISLANDER PEOPLES and PSYCHOLOGY INTEREST GROUP/AUSTRALIAN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGIST ASSOCIATION JOINT NEWSLETTER

The Australian Psychological Society (APS) Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and Psychology Interest Group (Interest Group) respectfully acknowledges the traditional custodians of the land on which our members live and work. Together with the wider APS, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and Psychology Interest Group is committed to working in partnership with Indigenous psychologists and communities to meet the social and emotional wellbeing and mental health needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

The Terms of Reference of the Interest Group are: • promoting the psychological study and advocacy of issues related to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples; • improving relationships between psychologists and the Australian Indigenous community; • providing advice to psychologists working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities; • the development of ethical guidelines for the provision of psychological services; and • conducting research with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

Artwork: Song Lines – Connecting Communities Across Country

The artwork on our newsletter depicts the cultural connections between people and sharing Aboriginal cultural knowledge within communities. The piece also carries with it a depth of understanding of how beautiful yet fragile the land and our environment is that we collectively live on. It further reflects major cultural and environmental understandings (shared by Elders to the artists) of the role the natural world plays in the lives of humanity – and the importance of the eco-system and the connections between all living things and water ways– all dependant on working together to survive – similar to that of the collective humanity. Copyright held by the Sister Kates Home Kids Aboriginal Corporation, 2016.

Issue #4 – December 2019

0 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Editorial - Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and Psychology Interest Group ...... 2 Editorial - Australian Indigenous Psychologists Association ......  The Australian Indigenous Psychologists Association ......  Events & News ......  Mind Food That We Like and Support ......  Forthcoming Conferences ......  Resources ......  Useful Links ...... 

Appendix One: Strengthening Our Spirits Model ......  Editorial - Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and Psychology Interest Group

Dear members of the For more information on these two events please see: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and • Yuendumu – ABC article here Psychology Interest Group and members of the • Closure of Uluru – SBS article here Australian Indigenous Psychologists Association, The Interest Group has continued meeting regularly and will be planning a gathering at the next APS Hello everyone. Welcome to conference in 2020. Happy holiday reading! our bumper Christmas edition of joint ATSIPP Interest Group and AIPA Newsletter, our 4th and final newsletter Pat Dudgeon and Dawn Darlaston-Jones for 2019. It has been a big year with many Co-convenors of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait achievements and sadly, challenges and we have Islander Peoples and Psychology Interest Group covered the highlights in our previous newsletters. We pay our respects to the families of the young Yuendumu man, Kumanjayi Walker, with his death in custody and understand that this week the court case begins in the . We stand with Yuendumu.

We also celebrate the Uluru climbing ban and are heartened to finally see this ban take place. These two issues did galvanise national social discussion and debate and we hope that we all continue to support each other on social media and in person.

2 Editorial - Australian Indigenous Psychologists Association

Dear Australian Indigenous Psychologists Association This is also the first newsletter as a new Aboriginal members and colleagues of the Aboriginal and Torres Corporation. In August, the Australian Indigenous Strait Islander Peoples and Psychology Interest Group, Psychologists Association (Aboriginal Corporation) was registered with the Office of the Registrar of Indigenous Welcome to the 4th and final newsletter for 2019. Corporations. This represents an important step for AIPA as an independent organisation focused on achieving equitable participation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in psychology, and as a peak body representing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander psychologists.

In November, AIPA members came together for their first Annual General Meeting of the new corporation. This gathering provided an opportunity for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander psychologists to come together to discuss our work and interests.

The AIPA Board currently consists of:

Office Bearers Tania Dalton, Chair Paul Gray, Deputy Chair Pete Smith, Treasurer Tanja Hirvonen and Vanessa Edwidge, Secretaries

Members Pat Dudgeon, Kelleigh Ryan, Leda Barnett, Carmen Cubillo, Yvonne Clark Photo taken at the AIPA meeting in November 2019

 Over the last 10 years, AIPA has established itself as a Islander psychology, and how we can continue to work strong voice in social and emotional wellbeing and for our communities. mental health for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. In the coming months, we will be exploring Paul Gray, Deputy Chair AIPA, on behalf of the opportunities to build on this foundation, and to better Australian Indigenous Psychologists Association Board represent the interests of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander psychologists and students and improve the provision of professional social and emotional wellbeing and mental health services to our communities. This will include building formal partnerships with other professional bodies, including the Australian Psychological Society, as well as establishing our own strategic plan.

Naturally, we look forward to hearing from our members and stakeholders about what you would like to see AIPA focus on, and how you can be more involved in our work.

AIPA’s biggest strength is, of course, our members – Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander psychologists working in their communities to promote social and emotional wellbeing in our communities. We know that From both the ATSIPP Interest Group and AIPA, we a strong professional workforce is critical to supporting wish everyone a happy and restful festive season. We our communities to develop and implement their own extend our best wishes to you and your families. Stay strategies to promote mental health and wellbeing for safe over the holiday break and have a well-deserved our people. We’re excited about this next chapter in the rest. story of AIPA, and of Aboriginal and Torres Strait

 The Australian Indigenous Psychologists Association

AIPA is committed to improving the social and emotional well-being and mental health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples by leading the change required to deliver equitable, accessible, sustainable, timely and culturally competent psychological care which respects and promotes their cultural integrity. The aims of AIPA are:

• AIPA will provide leadership on issues related to the social and emotional wellbeing and mental health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. • Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people will have access to equitable, timely, safe, sustainable, evidence- based psychological care that respects and promotes their The Australian Indigenous Psychologists Association cultural integrity, regardless of where they live. (AIPA) is registered with ORIC has a Steering Committee • Psychology in will be responsive to Aboriginal that governs the functions and activities of the and Torres Strait Islander cultures, values and belief association. systems and will be grounded in holistic Indigenous perspectives and the determinants of social and emotional The new AIPA Board consists of Tania Dalton as Chair, wellbeing. and Paul Gray as Deputy Chair. • The number of Indigenous entrants into undergraduate and postgraduate psychology programs, across all Please see the press release about AIPA becoming specialties, will increase and parity within the profession incorporated here. will be improved. • AIPA will be the professional body responsible for quality Follow AIPA on twitter here . control of workshops and training programs related to the application of psychology in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Please direct your communication to Islander contexts. [email protected] • AIPA will engage in research to generate improved policy and social and emotional wellbeing and mental health Follow this link to be taken to the AIPA website for more outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander information: http://www.indigenouspsychology.com.au/ peoples.

 Events & News

Assessment of Acquired Brain Injury in Aboriginal WA Indigenous Group's $290 Billion Compensation and Torres Strait Islander Australians: Guidance for Claim Could Become One of World's Biggest Payouts DisabilityCare Australia A recent compensation claim by Noongar leaders in James Cook University researchers collaborated on this Western Australia seeks more than $290 billion for report to investigate prototype instruments for cultural and spiritual damage. Isabella Higgins, a assessment of Acquired Brain Injury in Australian Torres Strait Islander woman, and Sarah Collard, a Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations. Ballardong Noongar woman, wrote an article for ABS Concurrently the report discusses best-practice News concerning this landmark compensation claim. guidelines regarding engaging people for assessment. Their article includes statements from lead claimant Read the report here. and Noongar woman, Naomi Smith. Read the article ______here. ______Deficit Discourse and Indigenous Health: How Narrative Framings of Aboriginal and Torres Strait #NationDance Event Islander People are Reproduced in Policy In an unprecedented event, Australian National University researchers have been Gooreng Gooreng and studying the prevalence of deficit discourse in policy Wakka Wakka man, Alwyn relating to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health Doolan, organised a national and wellbeing, as part of a project funded by the Lowitja dance, across Australia on Institute. The resulting report also investigates December 1st 2019, with strengths-based approaches designed to challenge over 100 Indigenous nations negative thinking. Read the full report here and a participating. summary here. ______Read NITV journalist Brooke Fryer’s article on the national dance event here. ______

 remote communities that make up the Territory are what Julia Gillard: Constitutional Recognition Needed in makes the Territory a vibrant place to live in and to visit. Reform to Help Tackle Suicide Read more here. ______Former Prime Minister and current Chair of Beyond Blue, Julia Gillard, says constitutional recognition of Culture, Care and Reducing Suicide Risk Indigenous Australians is needed in reform to address Australia’s suicide crisis. Rebecca DiGirolamo wrote an The Centre of Best Practice in Aboriginal and Torres article for The Advertiser discussing Julia Gillard’s Strait Islander Suicide Prevention and the Menzies address. Read it here. School of Health Research released the Best Practice ______Guidelines for Psychosocial Assessment of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Presenting to Hospital Territory Arts Trail with Suicidal Thoughts and Self-Harm in August 2019. Amanda Lyons wrote an article for News GP discussing The Northern Territory is defined by its vibrant arts, the Guidelines and their aim to increase cultural cultural heritage and creative industries born out of its competency of practitioners when working with unique history and diversity, including being home to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients. Read the some of the oldest continuing living cultures on earth. The article here and access the Guidelines here. Northern Territory is proud of the strong culture of the ______traditional owners of the land who have, and continue to, tell their stories through their art. There was no written Climate Change Strike: language for the Aboriginal people, therefore all stories Thousands of School were either danced, sung, or drawn. Traditional Students Protest Over Aboriginal art tells stories of their daily life, their laws, Bushfires their food, and their beliefs. Cultural and artistic expression is very much a part of the NT identity and the As part of an arts sector is much more than meets the eye. From international day of cultural festivals by the sea to desert choirs, the NT climate strikes, students welcomes a diversity of cultures from around the globe across Australia that play an intrinsic part of the Territory’s character, protested outside prominent buildings, including economy and appeal. The energy and vision of artists Liberal party headquarters and BHP headquarters. and residents from across the diverse regional and Read Calla Wahlquist’s article for The Guardian here. ______

 Joe Williams and Christine Morgan Win 2019 A Blueprint for Building the Lived Experience Australian Mental Health Prize Workforce

Joe Williams, a Wiradjuri man and passionate The Framework for the Development of the community advocate for mental health suicide Mental Health Lived Experience Workforce was launched prevention, and Christine Morgan, Australia’s first in November 2019. The project was led by lived national suicide prevention advisor, were dual winners experience academic Dr Louise Byrne, developed by of the 2019 Australian Mental Health Prize. Watch Joe RMIT University researchers, and funded by the speak after accepting the award here. Queensland Mental Health Commission. The framework ______seeks to guide effective and appropriate embedding of people with lived experience of mental health difficulties Indigemoji into various workplaces. Read more about the blueprint and access the Framework and associated documents Australia’s first set of here. Indigenous emojis were ______made on Arrernte land in Mparntwe/Alice Healing Foundation – Working with the Stolen Springs. They were Generations: made by hundreds of Understanding Trauma young people with senior Arrernte cultural advisors. The Healing Foundation released a fact sheet providing information for GPs to improve services for Stolen Read more about the app and emojis here. Generations survivors. Read it here. ______

Cultural Safety Definition #YouCanTalk

AIPA has been involved in work with AHPRA to define Some of Australia’s leading mental health and suicide cultural safety and we expect a formal launch in the prevention organisations, including BeyondBlue, the new year. Access the latest relevant communiques via Black Dog Institute, and the Centre of Best Practice in the APHRA website here and follow AIPA twitter for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide updates here. Prevention, are working with Life in Mind Australia to ______lead the national suicide prevention campaign

 #YouCanTalk. The campaign aims to “empower and ______increase confidence when it comes to talking about suicide”. Learn more about #YouCanTalk, and watch National Suicide Prevention Taskforce videos from ambassadors here. ______In July 2019 Christine Morgan was appointed as the first Suicide Prevention Adviser, reporting directly to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Child and Prime Minister. Christine is supported by the National Family Services: Evaluation Readiness Toolkit Suicide Prevention Taskforce, led by Jaelea Skehan with members including Pat Dudgeon. Read more about the SNAICC, the national voice for Aboriginal and Torres Adviser and Taskforce here. Strait Islander children, published a resource aiming to ______“help services measure their outcomes and impacts for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and Lowitja – Aboriginal Health and Wellbeing Services families”. Read it here. ______The ‘Aboriginal Health and Wellbeing Services’ report, published by the Lowitja Institute in November 2019, 2019 Indigenous Allied Health Awards investigates “perceptions and practices of community- driven, strengths-based approaches to Aboriginal health Kabi Kabi and wellbeing services”. Read the report here. woman and ______registered psychologist, Gayaa Dhuwi (Proud Spirit) Australia and Aboriginal Kelleigh Ryan and Torres Strait Islander Lived Experience Network (standing far right) was In September 2019, Health Minister Greg Hunt awarded the announced $4.5 million funding for Gayaa Dhuwi Lifetime (Proud Spirit) Australia. Indigenous Australians Achievement Minister Ken Wyatt also announced $1 million funding Award. Clinton Schultz (standing far left), a Gamilaroi for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Lived man and registered psychologist, won the Indigenous Experience Network within the Black Dog Institute. Allied Health Professional of the Year. We commend Read about the announcements and initiatives here. Clinton and Kelleigh for their outstanding contributions ______to Indigenous allied health.

 Indigneous Voice to Parliament Consultant Group AIPA Chair Tania Dalton and Pat Minister for Indigenous Australians Ken Wyatt has Dudgeon attended established a senior advisory group, led by Professor the book launch. Tom Calma and Professor Marcia Langton, to guide the They were proud to development of an Indigenous Voice to Parliament. Read have a photo with Rob Harris’ article for the Sydney Morning Herald here. and Ken Wyatt also discussed his proposed ‘Voice to Uncle Jack Government’ on ABC radio – listen to the interview here. Charles. ______

Archie Roach ______Legendary artist and storyteller Archie Mental Health Draft Report – Productivity Roach, released his Commission memoir Tell Me Why at a book launch in The Australian Government’s Productivity Commission Melbourne on released a draft report on Mental Health on 31st October November 7th, 2019. 2019. This is a vast and detailed report with great “His story is an potential. The final report is expected to be submitted to extraordinary the Australian Government by May 2020. Access the odyssey through love draft report, an overview, and video here. and heartbreak, ______family and community, survival Strengthening Our Spirits and renewal, and the healing power of The Strengthening Our Spirits model officially launches music. Tell Me Why is a stunning account of resilience at the Charles Darwin University on 13 December 2019. and the strength of spirit – and of a great love story”. As part of the Darwin Suicide Prevention Trial, Read more about the book, and find available retailers, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities here. across the Greater Darwin region came together to design model.

 The Strengthening Our Spirits model “is a systems- Meet 5 Indigenous Youth Who Are Spreading Hope based approach to suicide prevention, meaning it takes in Communities on World Suicide Prevention Day into account the many people, systems and processes which need to work together to help prevent suicide”. September 10th was World Suicide Prevention Day and Please see the visual representation of the an article by Jessica Deer highlights ten young people Strengthening Our Spirits model in Appendix One. Read fighting for hope in their communities. The article more about the launch here. focuses on young people involved in the We Matter ______project, an Indigenous youth-led non-profit organization founded by Dene/Métis siblings Kelvin and Tunchai Royal Commission into Victoria’s Mental Health Redvers in 2016. Read it here. System – Interim Report

The Royal Commission into Victoria’s mental health system has delivered its interim report to the Victorian Government. “The interim report contains a number of priority recommendations that address immediate needs and lay the foundations for a new approach to mental health. This is an important first step. This is the first of two major reports by the Commission and represents a stocktake of what the Commission has learned so far. The majority of the Commission’s recommendations for change will appear in its final report, due in October 2020. The final report will present a bold and innovative approach for transforming Victoria’s mental health system.”

Read the report here and a summary here. ______

______If you have read a good article/chapter/book that is relevant for this Newsletter please send through the information to Dawn ([email protected]).

 Mind Food That We Like and Support

I Was a Low-Income College Student. Classes Weren’t the Hard Part. Forthcoming Conferences National Suicide Prevention Anthony Abraham Jack is an assistant professor at the Harvard Graduate Conference 2020 – Canberra, Australia. School of Education. His New York Times article discusses his experiences July 20 – 23, 2020. as a student surviving on low income, arguing that “Schools must learn that when you come from poverty, you need more than financial aid to Australian Critical Race and succeed”. Read Anthony’s article here. Anthony is also the author of ‘The Whiteness Studies Association Annual Privileged Poor: How Elite Colleges Are Failing Disadvantaged Students’ – Conference - Sydney, Australia. available for purchase here. February 6, 2020. ______2020 APS College of Clinical The Killing Times Psychologists Conference – , Australia. 15 – 17 May, 2020. Walkley award winner, Lorena Allam is descended from the Gamilaraay and Yawalaraay nations of North-West NSW. Lorena co-wrote an article 8th International Conference of about Australian massacres for The Guardian with Nick Evershed. Their Community Psychology – Melbourne, article explores aspects of our nation’s history that “has long been hiding Australia. 26 - 28 June, 2020. in plain sight”. Read it here. PSY2020 - Brisbane, Australia. 16 - Guardian Australia won the digital history prize in the New South Wales 18 October, 2020. premier’s history awards for its Indigenous massacres project, The Killing Times. An interactive map of Australia’s frontier wars is available here. 2020 World Indigenous Suicide Prevention Conference - Turtle Island- A related article by Ciaran O'Mahony discusses the 1926 massacre in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada in Treaty 1 Oombulgurri in the Kimberley, Western Australia. Read it here. territory. 25 – 27 August, 2020.

Please note that reader and viewer discretion is advised for The Killing International Congress of Psychology - Times project Prague, Europe ______July 19 – 24, 2020.

 The Need for Connection and the Role of Indigenous concerned about the consequences homogenization may Homelessness Services have for ‘robotic-like’ existence for human beings, limiting opportunity, and diversity.” Read Anthony’s full Tomasi Tikīgēr is a Gooreng Gooreng, Indigenous Fijian article here. and Tongan man living in Naarm and studying at RMIT. ______He is also a member of the Frontyard Youth Advisory Committee and earlier this year wrote an article sharing I Love Your Complexion! And Other Micro-Assaults his experiences of accessing various support services on Black Women whilst maintaining connection to family and culture. Read it here. Kay Boldon’s article, published in Zora, details her experiences as a Black woman in America. Read it here. Please see Donna Ah Chee’s article ‘Given this history of ______strength and success, why do Aboriginal health dollars keep going to NINGOs?’. When Healing Looks Like Justice: An Interview with ______Harvard Psychologist Joseph Gone

Can a Person Identify as Indigenous Based on a DNA Ayurdhi Dhar interviews Harvard Professor of test? Anthropology and Global Health and Social Medicine, Joseph Gone about how a history of dispossession, Australian cultural and medical anthropologist, Emma conquest, and colonization shapes mental health Kowal addresses the question of whether Australian outcomes in Native American communities. Read it Indigenous identity can be determined via DNA testing, here. in an article for NITV. The answer is: no. Read it here. ______Will Australia Ever Have A Black Prime Minister? Homogenization of Psychotherapy and Counseling: Scientific, Professional, Ethical/Moral Issues, Risks, What chance does an Indigenous Australian born today and Directions have of one day becoming the leader of our nation? Actor and musician Mark Coles Smith investigates the Anthony J. Marsella writes for TRANSCEND Media likelihood of Australia ever having a Black Prime Service about their concern and fear of “…the Minister. widespread pursuit and endorsement of homogenization in many sectors of our life. [Anthony is] particularly

 Professor Pat Dudgeon’s review: This is a great Native American Queer Youth Are 2.5 Times More documentary, but it potentially ignores some of the very Likely to Attempt Suicide progressive Indigenous initiatives that are happening in universities. For me, it took away some integrity. It also Katie Sosin’s article discusses the new report (available assumed that a potential prime minister had to go to a here) by LGBTQ suicide prevention group The Trevor private school and elite University as part of the path. Project. Read is here. Ken Wyatt and all (or many of?) our other Indigenous ______parliamentarians show that this is not so. However, this is a thought-provoking video and Mark Coles Smith is Culture Boost Children’s Outcomes an outstanding host. Curtin University published an article discussing Watch the documentary here. research linking strong childhood cultural identity with ______improved health and social and emotional outcomes. Read it here. Freud Thought Philosophers Were Deluded. But Was ______He One Himself? The Whole Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander David Rutledge’s piece for the ABC News discusses Child Sigmund Freud’s simultaneous criticism of, and belonging to, philosophy in the 20th century. Read it The video ‘The Whole Aboriginal and Torres Strait here. Islander Child’. is an uplifting glimpse into the social ______and emotional wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, produced by Emerging Minds. This Andy Saunders – Deadly film aims to advance the mental health of infants, children, and adolescents. Watch it here. An entertaining and uplifting song written comedian ______Andy Saunders from the Biripi nation. The music video was produced by Scandish films and recorded by Freedom – Mau Power and Archie Roach Paradyme Studios. Watch it here. ______Check out Mau Power’s music video for their song ‘Freedom’, featuring prominent Aboriginal artist Archie Roach, here. ______

 Our Stories - insideOUT (92.3%) interviews, of whom 40.4% established a good rapport with participants. Of the participants, 77.7% Emerging filmmakers from regional and remote areas of understood the SCID-I questions well, while 72.5% did Australia create digital song-lines to share stories of our not require any cultural allowances to reach a clinical life, our history, our elders, our communities, our events, diagnosis. When administered by a culturally safe our youth and our cultures. trained psychologist, SCID-I is well tolerated in this group. Access the article here. Watch the amazing series by SBS and NITV as each ______episode comes out. See queer Aboriginal artist, Peter Waples-Crowe’s episode here. Indigenizing and Decolonizing the Teaching of ______Psychology: Reflections on the Role of the Non- Indigenous Ally Cultural Validation of the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Author: Heather Schmidt Mental Disorders in Indigenous Australians Canada's 2015 Truth and Reconciliation Commission Authors: Maree Toombs, Bushra Nasir, Steve Kisely, published 94 Calls to Action including direction to post- Geetha Ranmuthugala, Neeraj S. Gill, Gavin Beccaria, secondary institutions “to integrate Indigenous Noel Hayman, Srinivas N. Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan, knowledge and teaching methods into classrooms” as and Geoffrey C. Nicholson. well as to “build student capacity for intercultural understanding, empathy, and mutual respect.” In This study determined the cultural appropriateness of response, Canadian universities have rushed to the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV Axis I “Indigenize” and are now competing to hire Indigenous Disorders (SCID-I) as an acceptable tool for diagnosing faculty, from a limited pool of applicants. However, it is mental illness among Indigenous people. De-identified missing the true spirit of reconciliation for non-Indigenous qualitative feedback from participants and psychologists faculty to continue with the status quo while assigning regarding the cultural appropriateness of the SCID-I for the sole responsibility of Indigenizing curriculum to these Indigenous people using open-ended anonymous new hires. How can non-Indigenous psychology questionnaires was gathered. Aboriginal Medial Service professors change their teaching to ensure that all staff and Indigenous Support Workers participated in a students acquire an appreciation of traditional focus group. A total of 95.6% of participants felt Indigenous knowledge about holistic health and healing comfortable during the 498 questionnaires completed. practices, as well as an understanding of Canada's Psychologists also provided qualitative feedback for 502 history of racist colonization practices and its

 intergenerational effects? Community psychologists, Zimbardo’s classes 3 months earlier, the fact that the particularly those who have established relationships guards received precise instructions regarding the with Indigenous communities, have an important role to treatment of the prisoners, the fact that the guards were play. In this article, I survey the existing literature on not told they were subjects, and the fact that participants Indigenizing and decolonizing psychological curriculum were almost never completely immersed by the situation. and share ways in which I have integrated Indigenous Possible explanations of the inaccurate textbook content into my psychology courses. I also reflect upon portrayal and general misperception of the SPE’s the successes, questions, and ongoing challenges that scientific validity over the past 5 decades, in spite of its have emerged as I worked in collaboration with first flaws and shortcomings, are discussed. Access the Anisinaabek First Nations and then Mi'kmaw/L'nu First article here. Nations. Access the article here. ______Defining the Indefinable: Descriptors of Aboriginal Debunking the Stanford Prison Experiment and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ Cultures and Their Links to Health and Wellbeing Author: Thibault Le Texier Prepared by Minette Salmon, Kate Doery, Phyll Dance, The Stanford Prison Experiment (SPE) is one of Jan Chapman, Ruth Gilbert, Rob Williams and Ray psychology’s most famous studies. It has been criticized Lovett for Mayi Kuwayu and The Lowitja Institute. on many grounds, and yet a majority of textbook authors have ignored these criticisms in their discussions of the This report was funded by the Lowitja Institute and is SPE, thereby misleading both students and the general part of the development of Mayi Kuwayu: The National public about the study’s questionable scientific validity. Study of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Wellbeing; Data collected from a thorough investigation of the SPE a national longitudinal study exploring the relationship archives and interviews with 15 of the participants in the between Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander wellbeing and experiment further question the study’s scientific merit. culture. This review was conducted to explore what These data are not only supportive of previous criticisms cultural factors are important to Aboriginal and Torres of the SPE, such as the presence of demand Strait Islander people and gain an understanding of how characteristics, but provide new criticisms of the SPE these factors relate to health and wellbeing. We based on heretofore unknown information. These new examinedthe Australian literature as well as publications criticisms include the biased and incomplete collection of from countries that have experienced similar colonisation data, the extent to which the SPE drew on a prison events; primarily Aotearoa (New Zealand), Canada and experiment devised and conducted by students in one of the United States. Our main findings from this synthesis

 determined six main domains used to describe culture for neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. These system function. Cultural continuity was measured using domains were: Connection to Country; Cultural Beliefs the Vancouver Index Enculturation Scale. Bootstrapped and Knowledge; Language; Family, Kinship and linear regression models examined associations adjusted Community; Expression and Cultural Continuity; and for confounders, with and without stratification by a Self-determination and Leadership. Read it here. dichotomized measure of Indigenous cultural continuity. ______Most Indigenous adults (72.3%) experienced racial discrimination some or most of the time in childhood. The Childhood Racial Discrimination and Adult frequency of child discrimination was significantly Allostatic Load: The Role of Indigenous Cultural associated with AL, explaining 11% of the variance in Continuity in Allostatic Resiliency adult AL score after adjustment for age and income. In the high cultural continuity group, there was no Authors: Cheryl L. Currie, Cheryl L. Currie, and association between child discrimination and adult AL. In Gerlinde A. Metz. the low cultural continuity group, child discrimination was significantly associated with AL, explaining 21% of To examine the association between racial discrimination the variance in adult AL score. Childhood racial experienced in childhood on allostatic load (AL) in discrimination may have a biological toll on adult health adulthood, and whether this association differed by through altered activation of the stress response system cultural continuity among Indigenous adults. Data were which could, over time, exacerbate health inequities in collected from Indigenous adults attending university in a this population. High Indigenous cultural continuity small city in western Canada between 2015 and 2017 served as a resilience factor that buffered the adverse (N = 105). The frequency of childhood racial impacts of childhood discrimination on adult AL score. discrimination was measured using an item modified Access the article here. from the Experience of Discrimination Scale. AL was ______measured as a composite of 7 biomarkers assessing

 Resources

Deadly Questions Useful Links Deadly Questions is an opportunity to learn about Aboriginal Victorians – their histories, cultures, Australian Psychological Society connection to place and hopes for the future. Visit the website to look at questions and answers already Mental Health Australia available, and to ask or answer yourself – click here. ______Suicide Prevention Australia

Culture for Life Canada Roses in the Ocean Black Dog Institute A site for Indigenous Youth who know the value of culture and living their best life, but need a little help Lifeline getting there – visit the website here. ______Indigenous Allied Health Australia

Journal of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Australian Indigenous Doctors Association Torres Strait Islander Studies Closing the Gap Australian Aboriginal Studies is an interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed journal promoting high-quality research in IndigenousX Australian Indigenous studies, with a focus on the humanities and social sciences. It is published for a wide NACCHO Aboriginal Health News Alerts audience in both print and digital form, and visual content is encouraged. Read more about the journal and The LIME Network access past issues here. ______National Indigenous Times

 Transcend Media

Solutions-Oriented Peace Journalism – visit the website here. ______The Lowitja Institute: Australia’s National Institute for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Australian Indigenous Psychology Education Project Research (AIPEP) – Update The Lowitja Institute is Australia’s national institute for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health research, One of the outcomes of this project was a ‘clearing named in honour of, Dr Lowitja O’Donoghue AC CBE DSG, house’ for resources that educators might use to who devoted her working life to improving the health and include Indigenous knowledges in their classes. The welfare of her people. She was named Australian of the website is being updated and transitioning to UWA Year in 1984 in recognition of her outstanding shortly but you can check it out here. contribution to the welfare of Aboriginal people. ______Lowitja is an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander organization, which works for the health and wellbeing of SBS Australia’s First Peoples through quality research, knowledge translation, and in support of Aboriginal and SBS has included a Torres Strait Islander health researchers. number of items to its Please click here to be taken to the Lowitja website and resources page, here to subscribe to their eBulletin . which is fantastic ______news:

SBS Learn NAIDOC

Primary resource (pg 5)

Secondary resource (pg 5) ______

Primary NAIDOC Week Foundation – Year 6 2019 Classroom Resource Head to sbs.com.au/learn for materials for other year groups

 Tekwabi Giz: National LGBTI Health Alliance Anrows: Australia’s National Research Organisation for Women’s Safety Tekwabi (Tiwi island meaning “All of us”) ANROWS is an independent, not-for-profit company and Giz (Torres Strait established as an initiative under the National Plan (2010- Islander meaning 2022) to Reduce Violence against Women and their “Connection”) stands Children in Australia. for “All of us connected”. ANROWS is jointly funded by the Commonwealth and all state and territory governments of Australia. Their mission Tekwabi Giz is a is to deliver relevant and translatable research evidence national collaboration which drives policy and practice leading to a reduction in of Aboriginal and the levels of violence against women and their children. Torres Strait Islander organisations and This is shown in their strategic plan, which you can people, who are download here or for more information, click here to be working with LGBTI people across Australia. Working in taken to their website. partnership with the National Health Alliance, as part of ______the MindOut National LGBTI Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Project. National Centre for Indigenous Studies

To view this Project, please click here. Led by Associate Professor Asmi Wood, the National Centre for Indigenous Studies (NCIS) works to promote Tekwabi Giz provides support and advice to the National and initiate cross-disciplinary research and education LGBTI Health Alliance and other organisations on effective across areas that are relevant to Indigenous Australians. and appropriate ways to recognise and meet the needs of Through this, NCIS aims to deepen Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. The understanding of Indigenous cultures and histories, to knowledge of the group travels across the lifespan and ensure the respect and value of Indigenous knowledge. uses the traditional ways of knowing and culture to work NCIS seeks to promote access and incorporate Indigenous towards health and wellbeing. knowledge, perspectives and experiences into learning and education environments. For more information, please click here to be taken to their website. Click here to be taken to the NCIS website. ______

 Pain Australia: Improving Pain Management for management for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Indigenous Australians peoples, click here to be taken to this site.

The NSW agency for Clinical Innovation has launched a These links may also be useful for clinicians, hoping to guide to optimise outcomes for Indigenous Australians. increase their knowledge on pain management for This guide, Telehealth consultations with Aboriginal Indigenous Australians: Aboriginal Ways of Learning and people for pain management, is directed at providing ‘Yarn with me’: applying clinical yarning to improve culturally specific education for clinicians working in pain clinician-patient communication in Aboriginal health care. clinics. This guide has been developed for telehealth consultations ______but can be applied to face-to-face meetings. Looking for good programs and services in Chronic pain is strongly linked with lower economic Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide status, with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Prevention? communities being at high risk for experiencing painful health conditions. Promoting culturally appropriate CBPATSISP continue to update their website with new education on pain management is important for the health resources and best practice programs and research – of individuals, families and communities. visit the website here and twitter account here.

For more information, please click here.

The Australian Pain Society hosts a list of Indigenous resources on pain

 Appendix One: Strengthening Our Spirits Model