1973LPSC....4..613S Abstract-Poikilitic suites chadacrysts generated The that peritectic, presence hypothesis: silica transport plagioclase pores, in POIKILITic* zation port at about and (5) cients Apennine tic nite, (1972) Poikilitic-the K-KREEP Chadacryst-the Oikocryst-host pyroxene Relic ler all *Definitions net texture. key abundant phosphate therefore © poikilitic of for or crystals which non-mare in 10% reported to Lunar feldspar lunar solid of Fe partial the allows forming relics composition. (1) oikocrysts. (11) of an and Geology Front. of fishnet appear ROCKS, feldspar The texture state recrystallization. The samples. through of and feldspar. and insulating of crystal melt The Mg and is few 2-4 inclusions, important clasts other Lunar less a more euhedral two high rocks, landing Planetary JEFFREY poikilitic between the texture. pyroxene with to abundance Branch, Delano mm Petrology in virtually and (7) the commonly through Most K phases. poikilitic anorthite which lack have The Science in layer phases Normally over virtually abundant(> olivine soil shape typically Proceedings polymict of low poikilitic texture of TN6 sites, (Supplement textural formed Institute nuclei large L. 70% which pyroxene of et The fractions these Institute, of Ca all between rich, of grains used NASA material. WARNER al. CHARLES all fragments liquid. zoned impact optically pyroxene of texture feldspar with (2) is which to feldspar, smaller rocks in of i.e., rocks with to (1973) 50%) 4, form. terms: Flow Apollo group • the breccias are which a rapidly INTRODUCTION Johnson Geochimica Vol. oikocrysts. 3303 oikocrysts. more The Provided low-K-KREEP liquid. Fourth melted from low Slow is have nucleated. remaining are chadacrysts, indicates continuous crystals Continuous 1, alignment and and also within H. protolith NASA 613 pp. had report refractory of K-KREEP in chill proposed Lunar low cooling augite. Space 613-632 16 (4) all et rocks SIMONDS 4-10 referred a rocks. returned WILLIAM by Cosmochimica (10) lower a (chadacrysts) (8) the calcium Road Preservation Science Apollo poikilitic low melt. The of the is Center, that crystals High that (9) pyroxene The mm oikocrysts. not with through gas than feldspar to K- melting composition NASA melt 1, Wilshire Concentration to A Conference expected KREEP compositional form bearing Houston, temperature composition, pyroxene poikilitic they number fines as higher matrix by 16 C. Houston, Acta) of then fishnet the are growth Astrophysics point chadacrysts. sampling one Apollo by of rocks PHINNEY constitute from The polymict cools feldspar. melt melting plagioclase-olivine-pyroxene distributed for crystallization only of and Texas mineral oikocrysts than are texture. Texas observations holes fragments is subsolidus (- of a more correlation Spur refractory few Jackson possible found 14. late olivine 1200°) 77058 have points breccias localities (6) enclose in 77058 (3) tens Data crystallizing Phinney slowly as Resorbed a Crater the enclosing in Large partition inclusions. or widespread been due of melt than of all System fishnet. support with (1972) plagioclase. olivine many and/or soil. degrees, make due an to non-mare spherical crystalli- except the on found ease poikili- impact olivine et coeffi- to many smal- ilme- the The and this low re- the up al. so of 1973LPSC....4..613S 614 from 66035. 60315 0.5 discussed green observed the ments At feldspar and Gooley oikocrysts. rectangular or of observed mole but smooth sections. and feldspar up linings stonite. (the crystals crysts, chadacrysts. minerals relics lineations the rake Taurus-Littrow to The In In Modes mm parent are have the © oikocrysts) the percent 10% this hand and of make rocks Companion Lunar are small poikilitic referred et long or metallic and in and crest found The plagioclase, a in paper al. including in 65015. spherical rocks, (Table hummocky nearly higher specimen, patches, samples In the up the and with were anorthosite, Scattered (1973) (1~20 is wollastonite smaller point the of a a as recognized. Planetary inter-oikocryst the boulders to rocks similar particles enclosing few which North Also few average noted free region 1) papers chadacrysts (Apollo counts as which mm petrology or 11 0.5-3 615XX, 635XX, 615XX, were olivine, amounts the areas the consist fractures. irregularly a textured throughout of rake 2 proportion Ray weigh ) in Institute few HAND to shocked poikilitic and at between mm projecting in discuss in birefringence include inter-oikocryst the determined abundant 17) this samples Other both on analyses (Station these comments spine!, MODAL may of of long Apollo 4-20 foliated of plus C. SPECIMEN rake spheres several crystals • 13 region Some H. the shaped a mafic to both all Provided not rocks rake which of recognizable TEXTURES general the poikilitic g. accessory SIMONDS 645XX, sample various crystals. and from 11). parts smaller the North MINERALOGY by 16 be Low by poikilitic relics of than patches. samples will rocks, silicates. poikilitic are up of are microprobe rake representative pores lithic display Our PETROGRAPHY region, counting by Stations the of pyroxene classification calcium pyroxenes to et study be and very generally degrees. and rocks pyroxenes the and the crystals work samples al. minerals a poikilitic fragments. 0.4-10 tablet made NASA units minerals millimeter respectively. South a poikilitic 648XX fine These The rocks. matrix. contains are slightly returned 1, indicates 300 are (or No by about grained, up 4, Astrophysics shaped (the mm from region coarser-grained and Massifs. of with or All olivine) rocks of Warner were and classified patches to Chips macroscopic include rocks paler the in chadacrysts), crystals Apollo more across Stations polygonal poikilitic by 5 61156 less diameter. that 13 between meters total plagioclase carefully dense, with are Apollo for green and are up et than Data points poikilitic are iron-nickel and as 16 and al. mottled variability to thin of more vesicles 1, large rocks pigeonites, thick hard, rock (1973) 3 color System 5% vugs. 16 pyroxene foliations 4, a the the The clasts than mm sections selected on clast and will mostly than wolla- up rocks types oiko- same pale- were frag- have pore than with long thin The and and the 13. be of of to in in 5 1973LPSC....4..613S
Table 1. Basic mineralogy of poikilitic rocks.
@ Most Abundant t""' Oikocrysts Other Oikocrysts Mode volume % = and average Oikocryst and average "'1= composition size composition Plag+ Sample Number of Oikocryst mm of Oikocryst Mesostasis Opx Pig Aug Oliv Opaques =Q. "ti - 60315 Orthopyroxene 0.5-1.1 Augite 55 34 NF 4 6 =l'C Wo4 Enso Fs,6 Wo4, En4s Fs11 "'1 61568 Pigeonite 0.3 NF present NF present present present present '-< "ti ..... (Poikilitic ('1) Wos En10 Fs22 ....'"'1 portion only) 0 ::t."'= 0 Olivine 1.5 Pigeonite 68 NF 6 2 22 2 (IQ 61569 '-< =l'C F010 FS24 Wo9 En79 Fs,2 ,...,,0 • 63547 Pigeonite 0.4 NF 67 NF 25 NF 8 1 "ti ,:;>- "'1 W 06 En14 Fs20 0 2.. < 63556 Pigeonite 0.4 NF 68 NF 29 NF 2 1 0 ....Q. l'C W 01 En1, Fs20 Q. 63558 Orthopyroxene 0.6 Augite 56 32 NF 12 2 2 ,:;-°' C" 0 '-< Wo, Ensz Fs,, Wo,9 Enso Fs11 fr. =-l'C 64567 Olivine 0.15 NF 69 NF 10 NF 20 1 Ens, Fs,. -;:;· z '"'1 > 0 rn 64568 Pigeonite 0.5 NF 56 NF 39 1 2 2 (') > Wos En16 Fs,6 "' > 64569 Pigeonite 0.4 NF 57 NF 19 tr. 21 4 "'"'1 0 Wo6 En16 Fs,s "C 64575 Orthopyroxene 0.2 NF 47 43 NF 6 3 2 '-<=- .... W o, En1, Fs2• "'t") "' 64815 Orthopyroxene 0.15 NF 55 34 NF NF 9 2 0 Wo. Enn Fs24 a 64816 Pigeonite 0.4 NF 59 NF 34 NF 4 2 rn '-< Wo6 En10 Fs,s "'l'C 65015 Pigeonite 0.4 NF 61 NF 29 6 1 3 s W 06 Enos FS29 -°'Vt 1973LPSC....4..613S both four to A studied, cium 616 typical were rocks oikocrysts section. (Fig. feldspathic abundant is separate and are 64575 small a be Oikocrysts Abundant The slightly rare slight and © samples pyroxene an 2). somewhat contain like Lunar of number pigeonite overgrowth. In morphology chadacryst olivine areas chadacrysts resorbtion. curvature 65015 discontinuously 61156, basalts rounded Fig. and chadacrysts are irregularly enclose oikocryst of of 1. in Planetary has longer Photomicrograph was dominated the the two pyroxene such phase of with Some nearly of In feldspar are the oikocrysts the (Table 70-90% all than feldspar as is Institute dominant euhedral radii shaped make as comers of encloses samples equant 68415 equant which by is the the 1). grains of C. ilmenite. of of up orthopyroxene have Augite low chadacrysts equant • olivine 63556. curvature H. (Warner and of feldspar the Provided rectangular but oikocryst as the extinguish SIMONDS form calcium feldspar well much anhedral thin (a) one, orthopyroxene oikocrysts The oikocrysts. grains Crossed a defined by tablets et section of the et continuous as corners in pyroxene the varies grains al., al. 0.001-0.005 crystals together 50% seven oikocrysts oikocrysts. with and polarizers, NASA 1973). rectangular less occur area. 0.3-0.5 of are In from of smoothly samples, than Astrophysics oikocrysts oikocrysts the whereas sample network the similar in (b) in Of rock are mm. oikocrysts. uncrossed. 0.04 60315 cross-polarized mm The feldspar 13 shapes; continuous orthopyroxene curving to 60315 The long to mm 64567 poikolitic typical enclosing as if and in those Data rock long. tablet chadacrysts all (Fig. these 63359, the the and System The poikilitic outlines, low found (Fig. Augite in augite augite la, rocks shape many 64569 most tend light thin cal- but b). 3). in in 1973LPSC....4..613S
have
round variation,
chadacrysts
categories:
grains length-width nifi.cation
This sequence
may
©
sequence
indicate
dominantly
with
Lunar
chadacrysts
samples
of
and
length
equant
Fig.
of
and
ratios
shapes
the
estimates
an
does
2.
Planetary
Photomicrograph
intermediate
tabular-shaped
have
amount
to
between
grains
in
is not
width
64815
found
been
Petrology
correlate
Institute
of
with
of
ratios
the 2:
examined
are
to
undercooling
1 length
64815 65015
64816 60315,63558 63556 61569 64568 64569 64567
64575 61568,63547
of
length
percentage
and
exist
of
•
61156.
of
feldspars
apparently
to
Provided
Apollo
over
5 :
any
least
most
to
using
to
in
(a)
1.
width
16
These
other unpolarized
Crossed
5 :
width
equant
equant
by
poikilitic
prior
with
1,
of
this
the
due
ratio.
and
measured
chadacrysts
estimates
polarizers,
ratios
NASA
criteria:
large
to
to
an
rocks
In
plagioclase
reflected
metamorphism.
intermediate
an
Astrophysics
of
length-width
(b)
attempt
parameter;
are
less
uncrossed.
were
listed
light
than
nucleation.
to
Data
made
category
at
in
quantify
2:
ratios.
however,
450X
Table
63558
System
1,
in
tabular
three
mag-
with
2.
The
this
The
has
617
A
it 1973LPSC....4..613S 618 feldspar greater tation. these and the © Fig. in measurements Lunar Such length the chadacrysts tablets 3. Photomicrographs undercooling, and preferred to width Planetary to be ratios may is (a) orientation viewed that 64815, and Institute have the of only curvature feldspar (b) greater along a 64575, C. strong a • might H. Provided single chadacrysts of their (c) SIMONDS the grain but 63558, allow thin length edges boundaries. by undetected et (d) in the section an al. five 64569, to NASA or anomalously width samples faces. Feldspar (e) of pattern Astrophysics 64567. each sample ratio. showing is the large of One darkest the pref Data proportion difference problem is erred phase. System available, orien- with of 1973LPSC....4..613S
trated
nite, by oikocryst show
tum cavities. patches portions f armalcolite continuous have analyze Most before mesostasis.
0.02 shaped
unlined
of
are
subrounded
maskelinite recognizable
eldspathic
olivine.
a
The
Two
Relics
much
mm
©
lower
separated
grown
exsolution
or
of
near
Lunar
the
regions
and
pores
with
in
across
This of types
the
armalcolite,
region.
more
make
Both
which
0.1
highly
this
optical
is
inter-oikocryst
around with
In
grains
oikocrysts.
and
olivine
areas
rims
a
region
commonly
which
mm
64816
of
by
into
microprobe.
network
between
abundant.
shocked
Planetary
up
lamellae
a
pores the
f
Table
up
chert-like
beads
of
reflectivity only
eldspathic
are
one 5-30%
which
Sample
makes
is
grade
this
feldspar
to
feldspar
iron-nickel,
2. only
granular
side
60315 61568 61569 63547
64569
63556 63558 64567 64568 Petrology 64575 64815 64816 65015
0.015 small
are
surround
and
The
Institute
the
of
concentrated
of
Area
phase
Number
feldspar
Shock
of
region.
in
up
metallic
rutile.
of
Two
concentrated a
texture.
oikocrysts
unshocked
the
region
%
mm
more
size
up
amounts
than
few
the
10-30%
laths
of contains
of
in
•
inter-oikocryst
features
to
samples,
groups
to
chadacrysts
wide.
round
Small
Provided
from
Apollo
troilite,
crystals
microns
feldspar,
the
0.15
width
<2:1
Fe-Ni.
between
irregular
extend
Some
55
50
30
55
45
70 95
50
20 80 50
10
5
as
of
contain
of
feldspars
inter-oikocryst
Some
0.4
grains
mm
pores
16
ratio.
up
of
the discontinuous
range
in
by
material.
of
project.
60315
poikilitic
phosphates,
The
two
across
to
out
with
to
2:
across
the
which
the
rocks
the
the
vugs
1-5:
of
indicating
40
50
40 40
45 40
40
30
50
30
10 10 of
15
9%
abundant
5
high
ranges
or into
from
NASA
area.
oikocrysts.
inter-oikocryst
plagioclase
the
are
and
mm,
calcium
1
rocks
three
K20
and
In
(Fig.
and
may
are
Plagioclase
K
the
noted:
smaller
numerous
of
64816, rare
They
Astrophysics
and
>
regions
are
opaque
somewhat
region.
and
length
20
20
40
50
85
10
oikocrysts, K-bearing
5:
confined
indicate
lb).
that
remainder
5
5
0 5 0
5 5
feldspar,
phosphate
lamellae
1
polygonal
therefore
consist
unshocked
Most
as
relics
The
feldspar
contain
the
are
little
bands
The
cases
is
area:
bubbles
it
best
Data
ilmenite
have
solely
smaller
characterized
typically
olivine,
is
of
to
of
phases,
which
as
are
ilmenite
sub-ophitic
vugs
relics
a
difficult
oikocrysts
developed
within
System
angular
devitrified
the
the
feldspars
7%
complex
optically
concen-
formed
to
grains
plates
round
are
inter-
up
CaO.
ilme-
have
lath
and
the
the
619
or
to
to
to
in 1973LPSC....4..613S
0\ N 0
@ t""' = Table 3. Relics and FeO-MgO contents of mafic silicates. "'1= Relic Olivine Observed Lithic Partitioning Mean Silicate Q. = Sample Number Present Clast Types Kol-pyx Kaug-pyx FeO/FeO + MgO -"ti =l'C 60315 Present - 1.0 0.24 "'1 61588 Present? Diabase clast 4-10 mm across 1.2 - 0.25 '-<..... 61569 Not recognized One poikilitic clast with 1.4 1.0 0.24 sub 5 m grain size ::t."'= 63547 Present No recognizable lithic clasts 1.2 - 0.2 =l'C 63556 Present No recognizable lithic clasts 2.0 - 0.23 n • 63558 Abundant olivine One clast with lathy feldspar 1.9 1.0 0.16 ::i::: "ti "'1 granules of olivine and ilmenite 0 en>-< < uncertain origin s::: ....Q. 0 l'C 64567 None recognized One clast with one olivine grain 1.1 - 0.19 Q. and one plagioclase grain. One Cf.l C" '-< clast with submicron mafics and ..... 10 m plagioclase. The clast =-l'C r- z looks like a meta breccia. >rJ1 64568 One grain One mosaic plagioclase grain 1.2 1.03 0.22 > 64569 Abundant None recognized 1.2 1.03 0.2 > 69575 Abundant olivine None recognized 3.0 0.97 0.26 "'"'1 0 granules of "C uncertain origin '-<=- .... 64815 None recognized None recognized 1.2 - 0.26 "'t") "' 64816 Abundant One barred chondrule with 1.3 - 0.18 0 olivine and plagioclase a 65015 Present One clast with lath shaped - 1.09 0.28 rJ1 '-< plagioclase and olivine "' sl'C 1973LPSC....4..613S The inter-oikocryst lar possibly been mineral texture Mauro the yses 61156, 64567, 61156, aluminous, contact (Table with rocks, tic Note 65015, more coordinates. SiO2 TiO, Al,O3 CaO Na2O MnO MgO FeO P2Os K,O on Whole than the By others. © the abundance of engulfed feldspathic also the Lunar comparison mesostasis 4). and composition of highland between relics (1973a) "poikilitic" relic LSPET 60315 45.61 99.63 17.18 10.41 10.53 13.15 silica, Six .2 0.12 0.12 .6 0.39 0.56 .5 0.22 0.45 0.35 1.27 rock individual that Figure 68415, and and majority Figure pink and of by one area. the Planetary will olivine, major LSPET (1973a) of these 61156 rocks than 99.76 44.65 22.94 a 33 11.52 13.34 the 65015 9.6 0.64 0.11 7.75 rich 4 the spinels with or poikilitic other relict composition later shows 5 of A oikocrysts, but of lithic more the non-analyzed shows rocks basalts, few element from Reid anorthite the all Table LSPET olivine Institute (1973a) Petrology 62235 47.04 93 99.57 99.39 18.69 10.14 be are poikilitic Apollo 9.45 0.11 0.48 0.34 0.41 1.21 olivine poikilitic a fragments of modes WHOLE lithic shown plot unit have Apollo 4. et these also the and Composition grains analyses al. Hubbard • is of liquidus (1973) of 64567 and 21.62 45.69 fragments olivine 16 12.52 et 11.5 found is Provided the of 0.17 7.08 0.72 0.19 0.42 0.07 76315, rocks. Apollo (1972). meta-elastic estimates. RocK to al. all rocks poikilitic 16 and indicated virtually the a is chemistry have in available and breccia in quite chemically grains Hubbard a are 16 diagram 17 which The of CHEMISTRY plot 64815 (1973) 94 99.71 99.41 45.86 17.33 12.05 18 11.63 11.83 by et Rocks the sample, 0.26 .9 0.27 0.29 9.5 0.12 .7 0.52 0.47 1.7 poikilitic poikilitic substantial 17. are crystalline al. the available all rocks only variable inter-oikocryst near on Note are is in rocks, NASA noted whole of of 61156 derived a LSPET (1973b) Table 72435 one 45.76 19.23 11.72 non-poikilitic clearly rocks. and the rocks low the very 0.11 8.7 0.23 1.54 analyzed can that Astrophysics in are, and for olivine plagioclase-olivine of rock textural rocks, are K-KREEP be and fine 3. each with by (1973) 65015 Albee the et 45.6 larger 20.2 99.5 11.9 eight with plotted 9.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 9.9 0.3 believed is 1.4 A al. major grained Walker 64567 rocks area. listed large relics including the thin small differences few (1973b) LSPET 77135 and crystalline poikilitic 46.13 Data 99.67 11.03 18.01 12.63 0.3 9.11 0.53 0.13 0.28 1.54 exceptions element In or on 64567, are boulders. section. in basalt occur et to exceptions, more number addition low System the Fra al. Table Apollo the be LowK (1972) et basaltic Reid 99.17 48.89 17.81 10.94 NA (1972). NA 0.63 Mauro 9.69 9.34 0.42 60315, cotec- 1.45 K above relict. in al. rocks angu- at from anal- most rock The Fra the the 15 621 3. of of to 1973LPSC....4..613S 622 © plotted Fig. (Fo10Fa30). and Fig. Recent spinel-plagioclase Lunar measured 4. 5. Plot on Plot OLIVINE unpublished and liquidus Data on of of Planetary the compositions whole MOLE interpolated from NORMATIVE PYROXENE point cotectic diagram PERCENT OLIVINE rock LSPET experimental counted Institute point major of of compositions Walker (1973a, analyzed should C. modes element • SPIN H. Provided work et 1973b), SPIN SIMONDS SILICA be EL 0 SILICA of al. rocks 0 analysis of moved PLAGIOCLASE (1972) analyzed by EL unanalyzed Hubbard 0 (filled by 0 Walker et towards for the for al. POIKILITIC DEVITRIFIED BRECCIA BASALT ANORTHOSITIC circles). and the 0 NASA Apollo et 0 system D + unanalyzed poikilitic al. + indicates the + (1973), The interpolation feldspar Astrophysics 16 GLASS ANORTHITE silica-anorthite and rocks Albee that l APOLLO rocks. 17 comer 0. 6 17 16 t::,. + rocks. (open ... the et Data about al. is olivine- Data circles) olivine (1973). based System 5%. is 1973LPSC....4..613S average ratio abundance oxides, tic mined Mafic selected samples The Pyroxene rake © gives are Fig. is silicates Lunar mean explains of were outlined. about grains samples, 6. En100 randomly some of The and and analyzed molar iron-rich ranges 20% Olivine were Olivine Planetary the idea olivine and lower FeO/(FeO+ of selected discrepancy. analyzed relicts of compositions pyroxene 61568 data metal by Petrology were the Institute Enso than traversing and are range olivines (Gooley 0 analyzed MINERAL compositions precipitated Fs50 and that 64815 plotted MgO), of • are Provided typically in Apollo calculated indicated a and et iron-magnesium number listed for CHEMISTRY al., on have fl 16 for pyroxenes. 64569 63558 by Ca, poikilitic Fig. 1973; by all 61569 many 0 overlapping on the for of available the Fe 6. Table NASA specific line the Pearce and more. rocks A • The on 64816 whole rake minimum ratios Astrophysics Mg 3, compositions. the grains. and The silicate is sample base in determined rock in all Simonds, oikocrysts of 77 these poikilitic available They 64575 64567 63547 each of ratio analysis Data 30 diagram. rocks. are thus System randomly 1973) rocks from in slightly but poikili- deter- most The and the the 623 1973LPSC....4..613S
This noted. the
olivine appears
624 tightly pyroxene,
The than
zoned ter
plagioclase
Feldspar
Iron-magnesium
widely
There
smaller,
most
feature
©
the
Fig.
The
with
Lunar
smaller
about
composition
to
7. rims.
is
iron-rich
yielding
with
have
cores
lying
Histograms
matrix
cores
is
no
and
matrix
1.0.
best
In
80
80
all
reacted
difference
64567
Planetary
64569
between
of
individual
2-4
feldspars.
values
maximum
developed
olivines
olivine
olivine
shown
partition
An of
An
An
mole
feldspar
with
MOLE
MOLE
MOLE
Institute
90
90
90
the
greater
Area
relics
in
was
in
in
percent
Ka-b
adjacent
rake
values
oikocrysts
in
the
%
composition
%
coefficients
%
Fig.
compositions
of
C.
compared
61569
vary
overlap
•
than
inter-oikocryst
H.
=
samples
6,
100
100
100
Provided
reported
(FeO~MgO)b
richer
SIMONDS
(
but
Fe~+
in
Fe-Ni
in
1.
in
although
composition
which
In
the
FeO
compositions
(An/An+
were
with
between
by
only
in
80
contrast
~gO 80
64568
et
metal
in
variation 64815
the
enstatitic
al.
the
Table
the
calculated
[J
rJ
one
area.
NASA
there
Ab)
)
An
An
GRAINS
CORES
MATRIX
FELDSPAR
reaction
a
to
most
plagioclase
is
the
MOLE
MOLE
for
over
low
form
90 3.
90
marked
In
is
is
Astrophysics
The
cores
OF
or
K1owCapyx-aug
a
no
FELDSPAR
several
magnesian
calcium
%
%
nearly
GRAINS
slightly
as:
more
RELIC
rim
forsterite
Ko1-1ocapyx
greater
with
of
100
100
is
relic
chadacrysts
a
fayalitic
samples, olivine
the
0.1
heavy
different
Data
pyroxene
grains
values
than
low
full
mm
values
component
System line.
and
range
wide.
calcium
that
olivine.
group
range
scat-
was
and
for
in 1973LPSC....4..613S in plagioclase have detect (oral rich all terns rocks round rock's proximate shown types: separated separate oikocrysts lipses are dimension. contains chadacrysts metamorphic than lathy ple olivine metamorphic Warner rocks Petrogenesis: section crystallization the hypothesis at each relic the The 61569 Five Three 64567 constant © relics than comm.) compositional typical plagioclase described but (Fig. Lunar and in equant in chemical Fourth most oikocrysts. rock; feldspars cores from poikilitic et grains; abundant the outline the and also hypotheses from each the of but al. Augite relics 3a). was the and pyroxene are unusual five chadacrysts' (0.2 within rock. rocks. reports poikilitic grains of 64567 have plagioclase, Three (1973) of basalts. Lunar the oikocryst The one Planetary presented above. six individual zoning and large the (Fig. examples have chemically an mm) in rocks chadacrysts Poikilitic plagioclase individual Sample olivine another each composition The ranges impact have 0.025 a hypotheses sided most average and that for feature Science 3e). relic and few and to Sample depart by Petrology Institute outlines sample the consists olivine is mm the the The and oikocrysts olivine by equant 64575 olivine, are grains percent similar generated plagioclase the convential by polygons pigeonite considered petrogenesis large 1.5 is UNUSUAL Bence margins subophitic across Conference. inter-oikocrysts' texture relics are feldspar shown substantially feldspar 61156 of • (generally the of of mm has oikocrysts. compositions of recognizable are Provided rarely of DISCUSSION to Apollo the grains feldspar spinel, (Fig. most strong several orthopyroxene and et and across. partial any in those is nearly varies characteristic has of olivine microprobe grains (Fig. al. interstitial to SPECIMENS Fig. noted chadacrysts 16 texture tablets 6). the chadacrysts of of sample of by pyroxene (1973) about be and We poikilitic of chadacrysts pattern from melt. 7. discrete 2). the from These The pyroxene, the unzoned. which strongest Plagioclase are and transitional in Most the rims, plagioclase (Fig. Sample suggested lithic NASA poikilitic up the 25) characteristic who olivine systematically The the spot pyroxene except to smaller rocks techniques, to data is oikocrysts of chadacrysts 6). were olivine 0.01-0.015 parts oikocrysts the of fragments. are chemical Astrophysics 0.08 only are concentrated suggest development to 64815 fractional This olivine, are suggest plagioclase oikocrysts chadacrysts spot high texture 65015 larger analyzed. between (Simonds enriched mm which feldspars. (Fig. unfused oikocrysts. smoothly grains variation has on that in which grade and of however, mm and 7). as and more are (0.05 the that their were Data are orthopyroxene An crystallization the in one do The the in materials textural between of in wide, feldspar Many of too relics. et 16 this 64815. completely are smaller are is curving alternative System 64815 mm). maximum basalts anorthite- terrestrial sodium. presented tabular 61569 the The al., mm poikilitic poikilitic between cores small to sample of Bence which other 2 Sam- 1973) rock pat- The The thin two is are the ap- the 625 are el- of of or a 1973LPSC....4..613S poikiloblasts were metamorphism 626 ing rock crystallization developed that the that rock, hypothesis. phases melting. extensively rock mineral 1973, ing lization temperature time precursor ene sorbed, and leaving liquid slowly rapid produced of of maining Thermal "The They the the The The Lack Fe/Mg occurred sanidinite nucleation lithic presented © the and 65015 plagioclase p. diffusion 60315, subsequently to Lunar previously to relic were pyroxene the was reason thermal and 25.) melt use most of the pyroxene history that the fragments. while or partitioning. During subophitic (a Their recrystallized melt substantial fragments and pushed sufficient growing completed the lithic formed in protolith to protolith pyroxene-olivine-plagioclase into occurred the poikilitic facies and probable was to by of for resorbing rock Planetary composition metamorphic history for and melted a nucleated pyroxene low the precipitated,• Albee reequilibration. fragments the minimum, sufficient poikiloblastic ahead metamorphosed melt The 60315." metamorphism grains. by texture. region olivine to Ca-pyroxene undercooling plus correlation rock) at by protolith regions Institute that melt metamorphic et hot with the most crystallization this of forming and al. previously solid between Thus to has melt growing were poikilitic on (Bence we most however, Evidence commented incipient term poikiloblast solid of (1973); C. point. initiate fine, grew, are the • undergone the propose H. rocks of was diffusion. a Provided The of abundantly of state did the components SIMONDS small below olivine-plagioclase euhedral at olivine. sample the et at and rock, bulk pyroxene they then partial rocks texture processes precipitated melting small the not for 3.93 al., were hypothesis which growth oikocrysts; plagioclase number is by (sic) the composition peritectic relatively quickly leaving high crystallize suggest et 1973, partial, b.y. The The a inter-oikocryst was 65015 the melting. plagioclase. al. peritectic originally suggests nucleated. of three grains. to by time NASA metamorphic they through growing (Albee, p. interstitial quickly involving of temperature emphasize few cooled "KREEP" that: was but spinel, 62.) however, point large high continued propose step the Less Astrophysics from The unfused cotectic that with extensive temperature a polymict the Gancarz, pyroxene temperature heated The growth a process pyroxene grains where glassy than some third very a few areas K-rich this abundant poikilitic their that temperatures melt it melt glass to relics line. reached 5% tens enveloped is hypothesis by olivine olivine Data limited with grow. agglutinate subsolidus the .... breccias metamorphic of a (Fig. pushed material and partial then impact held metaclastic During which of as K-bearing System remaining pyroxene permitted texture very We degrees, Chodos, Crystal- mineral 8). was and during pyrox- cooled partial melt- some infer were most is well that dur- was to was The this re- re- re- of in is a 1973LPSC....4..613S now like tallized maining reaches form the lowed that while smaller cooling initial in radiation veloped "patchy remains occurs. the The Poik:ilitic ::, a.. I- I- 0::: 0::: <( w w bulk w © poikilitic 60315 clear. Fig. tion plagioclase-olivine indicates viously and the peritectic Lunar the by settled decrease the amount through before two the when for 8. on the at growing pyroxene relatively cooling composition melt Hypothetical The or the the peritectic change for the and stage the textures where ejecta rocks I I I the formation 77135 the peritectic olivine is KREEP-like Planetary the top rapid in from pyroxene melt cooling in still residual the temperature of slow peritectic have rock" of blanket, melt cotectic cooling about time-temperature composition point. melt liquidous of in of have the a reaches Petrology continued Institute composition the melt. a motion, point. the history available surface compositional liquid described from phase 70% grains. poikilitic The compositions the been point initial melts, the that of may of For and • surrounding more remains reaches with the injection Provided cooling of Apollo is TIME It peritectic indicated. until observed texture diagram to the the melt lower due melt take is melt by feldspathic .... transport an associated it clear melt effectively 16 to reaches in the limit initial as Wager place is by from and pools are poikilitic Dotted a fractions the as to plagioclase starts the point. from peritectic initial material, in associated the at dikes be establishment the NASA change quick silica by the on terrestrial a line leaves expected (1961) compositions on ones the rocks point plagioclase-pyroxene-olivine For radiation the melt indicates peritectic into of the for liquidus Astrophysics chemical in temperature changes the or composition. initial ejecta with liquid melt where opposite at reaction when the plane cooler for igneous the rock. the composition. abundant of insulating in cooling melt of blanket. a impact slower composition, about melt the analyses normal are the basaltic material, side Dashed margin Data with compositions diagram. decrease composi- largely temperature The rocks. cooling of 50% into System melts. olivine liquid The heat crust line Ob- the (Fig. further texture of liquid or space crys- slow flow The The fol- the the 627 de- re- by to 4) 1973LPSC....4..613S from temperature that 628 tion Skaergaard diffusion quickly data are cooling magma poikilitic form unrecrystallized poikilitic pyroxene glassy therefore to plagioclase 66035,2 free feldspar at and of oikocryst Therefore Lofgren the with mineral Evidence crystallized metamorphosed. many sub-solidus width There A (4) (5) (2) (1) (3) terrestrial interpreted pyroxene-olivine-feldspar falls the the of © suggests experimental 650 from reasonable times breccias Lunar The Plagioclase, Plagioclase Flow All projecting crystallizes. poikilitic from Apollo is (Fig. and ratios. within at in texture? Metal-shreibersite (1973) rocks to favoring is grains are more assumed. the poikilitic a Intrusion melts 600°C relic rocks compatible melt. 450° lithic and as alignments larger crystallized 1300 9). that conditions, euhedral 12 plagioclase-pyroxene 14 This on the the which may Planetary refractory produced (Fig. lunar texture The plagioclase separate (Lofgren, (the question The for meta-breccias crystals. clasts. to of crystallization chadacrysts the the melt olivine, "poikilitic wall than rocks contrasts be is one 1100° alignment 7). known temperatures are breccias, tablet melt basis poikilitic, feldspar with the crystallization of was rock This Institute the Pyroxene month. produced melt. contain likely lines feldspar and is, (the These plagioclase than 1973) crystallization result of partial a grains shape fine chemistry" igneous with observation is what result peritectic. are spine!, C. the temperature tablets of (Warner, apparently (McKay protolith heated, similar the Since • and takes H. pores round pores, of the Provided mostly evidence only system is melting of tablets is are of SIMONDS of analyses smaller KREEP rocks coalescence an but equant origin. the the metal at of tablets melts place chadacrysts in range fibrous systematically then or field abundant and a near-liquidus 1972). the components. not euhedral is texture rocks hypothesis necessary by Fe-Ni-P irregularly took to few only et which range compatible with suggesting thermal phosphide plagioclase polygonal poikilitic in the pyroxene, Morrison, Experimental as composition slower in in al. temperatures were spherulites The less defined are NASA rock micrometers place size at to of recorded mineral tablets have expected noted large 61156, near-liquidus than as is bubbles history: up cooling cooling 64567 Astrophysics rocks shaped during The temperatures. plagioclase similar equivalent more were that above. reaction) 1971; to chadacrysts a size been with melts in a and in at month selective in (Gooley in crystallization few are the partial recognized first a as in to least rate anorthite-rich the flow of across, cavities, Chao the excess its Wager poikilitic a to non-tectonically cool a compatible (Simonds, the microns the poikilitic range a Data rocks, the bulk melt. silicates) temperatures. the to to if grains a in rapid melting bulk pores et et much centimeter, continuous removal isothermal obtain of phosphide a and typical suggested System composi- generally shape al., al., of partially that in soils clast drop across. typical of length in rocks inter- more 1973) relict 1973) 1971) from than only dur- and the the the for of of or in of in 1973LPSC....4..613S feldspars tion are olivine imagine largely ing is high reaction amount olivine. ditions indicated tic with expected plete tures smaller cients, not (6) (8) (7) point. much which © grade of nearly Fig. experimental within Lunar detectably The Many High comparison of than crystalline relic olivine of These with a 9. wider for appear by heating The the zoning way metamorphosed oikocrysts isothermal Photomicrograph CaAl-NaSi temperature and compositions FeO/FeO 100°C pyroxene melt melt less overgrowth partially grains. to than Planetary to than is rimmed to produce materials. anorthite crystallization. with of data have slight, those form of crystallization the for Apollo + Diffusion oikocrysts resorbed exchange Petrology the MgO Institute are crystallization pyroxene equilibrated of and olivine-pyroxene-plagioclase low observed only is Crossed breccias of this flow data rich not not partitioning augite calcium shows a reaction foliated of • feldspars of few available of to olivines 14 polarizers, in Provided contain and Apollo from Huebner iron be by feldspar samples. at around percent with no pyroxene chadacrysts olivine Warner expected the of and and Apollo 16 preferred appear between these the (b) by are olivine-pyroxene-plagioclase for what the poikilitic uncrossed. an (Misener, the and Relict magnesium change texture high are fused. the surrounding (1972) orthopyroxene NASA 14 appear at in in to Ross almost and necessary rocks indicating a the compositions olivine. olivine be clast in Only during for Astrophysics peritectic. low (1972) 1972) En/Fs, the to peritectic phases. in relict is universally be in the calcium breccia feldspar. result much therefore recrystallization more the partitioning indicates partially and plagioclase rims core Although poikilitic It Data relative 66035,2. of more (1200°C). is extreme pyroxenes is of These zoned. incomplete in compatible difficult System preserva- the resorbed tempera- 60315 rapid peritec- (a) to coeffi- in rocks relict · com- rims con- The the the 629 of to in is is 1973LPSC....4..613S 630 feldspar poikilitic growth plagioclase pyroxene between residium, with by ahead concentrated rock fewer, plagioclase poikilitic logical lack recrystallization rocks. poikilitic all ene-olivine of comparatively developed could Apollo the and of cluded sufficient these melting unusual equal points large, large Apollo (9) the 64567-This 61569-The 64575-Oikocrysts (11) (10) 61156--The (12) individual the © of the and basalts probability of be Lunar The Confinement consequence should pyroxene. larger, to of 16 including sufficient All The The basalts samples pyroxenes rather relics, the model. the melt rich texture pigeonite grains rocks, are due pyroxene be 16 rocks. oikocrysts crystallization poikilitic peritectic. rocks and growing melt Apollo Apollo poikilitic in crystallized oikocrysts not and in oikocrysts remaining more to also small equant olivine the which, pyroxene with Planetary phosphate rock may seems maintaining described the to a All origin silica of continuous. anorthosites with have inter-oikocryst is larger in of of is equant compositions range reaching 16 rocks extremely resorb pyroxene higher 16 of has indicate This also more otherwise of the rocks feldspar melt crystallization, unlikely oikocrysts along to for small poikilitic the at Institute been rocks have is this melts poorly was oikocrysts relics, than react the and in noted. plot textural-compositional the above. chadacrysts compatible likely some other melting plot normative rock only with the amounts This plagioclase-olivine-pyroxene small substantially melted. a potassium, interface poikilitic were to C. refractory chadacrysts. usual (Delano near are with continued pores fine-grained • developed in produce rocks H. olivines are same to Apollo The near Provided region are about some rock a enough points, SIMONDS permit basically melted, the form the small the initial and smaller It initial of the temperature with have mineralogy. are into rocks et is olivine-plagioclase is olivine. largest olivine by 16 cataclastic 50% is but the oxide because low by only al., rapid portion the different olivine-plagioclase assumed also to more olivine et the compatible The temperature the the crystalline poikilitic the rocks. melt temperature strong the are al. produce allow a than melting 1973; plagioclase-low most liquid final inter-oikocryst NASA a growth known observed large minerals. temperature grains, The of rarely lowest relation small only crystallization. of for oik:ocrysts these compositions. material correlation However, during anorthosites Warner f that the eldspathic simple at Astrophysics extremely oikocrysts point rocks a most those rocks with of as able percentage relatively are the drop; range melting all phases in drop is pyroxene. The FUR peritectic impact. cotectic. phases poikilitic to to with apparently any in explanation slower compositions et compositions olivine-pyroxene- decrease. show due, the cotectic crystallize grow region. for compositions of good and al., calcium which rocks, of lathy combined poikilitic (LSPET, Data to points lower texture small The Slightly restriction all to in all 1973). evidence be of cooling. the around Solid Solid for agreement the System rocks Apollo part, feldspars The analyzed triggered engulfed the are line growing number melting pushed poorly- growth of for pyrox- region with and Since rock, 1973) more state have state have melt total with con- to is any and the the of of of 16 is a a a 1973LPSC....4..613S effects. The rapid unshocked Nature could Moore, those pyroxene feldspar generated to was pattern polymict precipitated. centimeters and metal. olivine liquid grains KREEP melted melt Albee Chao Bence authors 146. by Aeronautics Acknowledgments-A 65015 Apollo Suppl. 16 the the The The the volume (abstract). © sufficiently E. with A. A. Universities cooling be for available Lunar point (C.H.S.) As may (abstract). was C. of protolith of of 2, basic E., L., abundance 11 1972). composition grains. released breccias. T., complete Vol. that yet the partial heat and and Papike protolith all Gancarz feldspars resorbed, grow of and Boreman where across In After than the thesis was highland 1, Space 12 melt composition. gas The loss Lunar Space In pp. to Planetary fluid The J. microbreccias. is abundance a melt from easily A. J., normal Lunar The Visiting represented react portion 797-816. believed olivine+ cooled a Administration. pyroxene of was of variety and J. Sueno J., Research poikilitic indicates the Science-N, temperature for and A., bubbles with and this high types, soil Science-N, established and Petrology with for Institute pyroxene and the Post-doctoral of S., the through Chodos MIT large paper rich an degree The the of and melt to Desbough Association of engulf In flow coalescence texture melting, olivine but texture abundant Press. suggest be that by lithic Proc. more research Delano in poikilitic amounts pp. This of A. • reacted is CONCLUSIONS a it the the alignment solar drop Provided REFERENCES grains of pp. Apollo A. 60--62. gas that the other and Second is paper Fellow G. refractory is to clast partial J. peritectic (1973) pores, is 24-26. under is also that reported W. a A. rich protolith wind of form the the liquid. indicated exclusively grew, The predictable 16 to of composition constitutes phases. (1973) (1971) of at Lunar by a types Sanidinite Contract the the poikilitic remaining The poikilitic and form melting, euhedral the is few Lunar bubbles of components the pyroxene. in only Pyroxene surrounding protolith The The Lunar one Lunar temperature olivine Sci. polymict some NASA this was tens and pyroxene by Science No. petrology Lunar rocks metamorphism Conf., a diversity with paper at result Science associated Science rocks few to feldspar the polymict. NSR presence is melts' Astrophysics of precipitated poikiloblastic and temperatures Therefore form Science was not the Institute, degrees, Geochim. complete soil ( percent was 09-051-001 data of of plagioclase. the Institute form and Institute, could only composition gas-rich greatest shocked of or crystallization done pores and early Institute from of with of relic feldspar. glassy from Houston. the Cosmochim. Data of rocks Apollo produce a which while olivine with the shocked lack feldspar Houston. up and precipitated slow in the Gibson most the lithic soil amount System Contribution an from the pyroxene excess breccias. The to one is unshocked of 16 gas low impact operated moved As National and/or steady grains easily a Sample types these relict Apollo of melt Acta, that of few and and and the 631 K- the of of a 1973LPSC....4..613S 632 Wager Simonds LSPET Pearce McKay Delano Huebner Wilshire Warner Warner Walker Simonds Gooley Gibson Lofgren LSPET Reid Hubbard Phinney Misener Institute, of (abstract). from rake samples (1973) in MIT Skaergaard Apollo 516-520. ples from of of MIT samples. soils. soil. Houston. Houston. Cosmochim. Lunar poikilitic rock three lunar A. © from In L. samples. Press. Press. J. G. D., E. J. R., Apollo In (Lunar M., J. D. Apollo (Lunar Lunar D. W. Lunar G. C.H., H. J. C. Sci. N. 14 types W., L., Proc. Proc. L., R. K. W. Apollo from breccias. Longhi J., S. S. Brett Huston. Trans. Warner C., E., H. G. J., Apollo site. In Simonds and and rocks Conf., Bence (1961) instrusion. and 1972. (1972) and and Sample (1973) Warner rock Acta, Rhodes Warner 17 at and 1973. Sample Lunar 16 Third Third Apollo Proc. P.R., Ross Moore U.S.G.S. Spur (76055 15 J., Morrison Am. Simonds Jackson (abstract). Interdiffusion from J. Planetary 16. types: A. Amer. Geochim. A Metamorphism soils. and Suppl. An Sintering L., Ridley Lunar C.H., Lunar Fourth Preliminary Science-III, and J. Crater. M. J. J. E., note Geophys. Science Preliminary 17. G. Apollo Geol. experimental L., and Hays M., L., (1972) The Papike J. Prof. Meteoritics Warner J. Science. W. E. C. D. 3, and Phinney Simonds on Sci. Gast Sci. 77135). of Lunar In In Cosmochim. Institute D. J. Vol. H., and Mag. role (1972) A., 179, 16 W. the Phinney Phase Sci. Paper Apollo F. Conf., studies Union Conf. Lunar (1972) P. Examination (abstract). (1973) J. hot (1971) I., of (1972) 1, In of J., Examination pp. origin 23-34. 98, W. 273, W., Sci. L. Trans. Inorganic C.H., and plagioclase pp. study relations C. 1, pressing Apollo press. and 185, Geochim. Geochim. (1973) 15 410-412. C., in 353-366. 54, • W. Petrology Bansal Science-IV, Magnetic 395-415. Conf., 428-439. Lunar Experimental H. Brown 623-644. Provided Lunar the of Cameron Acta. and C. and 358. 26 Am. of In SIMONDS system ophitic Crystallization 14 (1973a) Team) pp. gas Lunar plagioclase Gooley of in B. Lofgren Geochim. breccias. R. The in Samples, breccias. Geophys. Cosmochim. Team) In Cosmochim. lunar Fra M., and release properties MIT non-mare W. press. by K. Fe Lunar texture (1973a) Science-IV, Petrology Mauro et Shih pp. R. (1972) stratigraphy petrology and (1973) the 2 Press. G. SiO al. (1973b) (1973) lour. pp. Cosmochim. and Proc. crystal Union. 172-179. E., NASA terrestrial C. 4 Science -M~SiO4. history Preliminary and composition Major and in 149-153. Acta, Petrology Y., thermal Acta, (1972) Geophys. and Mineralogy the Third Preliminary and highland Waeisman mode In morphology. Astrophysics pp. of Suppl. element genesis The of chilled Institute, Suppl. origin Classification press. pyroxenes the The analysis 676-678. Lunar Acta. metal Carnegie of of examination Res. Lunar glass Fra rock 3, the Lunar formation of of and 3, composition olivine H., Vol. In particles examination Sci. Fra two Mauro 2-4 16, Vol. Houston. of types. and In The mode press. at Inst. and Data Science Science 2, Apollo Mauro 5658-5669. mm Conf., "igneous" press. one and the 1. Lunar gabbro pp. Nyquist Yearbook of Formation of of Proc. pp. System in soil atmosphere distribution lithification 2029-2040. lunar formation Apollo of Apollo rocks Geochim. 14 Institute, Institute, 797-817. of Science fraction glasses Fourth and of rocks L. lunar sam- and the 71, E. 16 15 16 at