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Reading the Epistle of James READING THE EPISTLE OF JAMES Press SBL RESOU RCES FOR BIBLICAL STUDY Editor Davina C. Lopez, New Testament Number 94 Press SBL READING THE EPISTLE OF JAMES A Resource for Students Edited by E ric F. Mason and Darian R. Lockett Press SBL Atlanta C opyright © 2019 by SBL Press A ll rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by means of any information storage or retrieval system, except as may be expressly permit- ted by the 1976 Copyright Act or in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission should be addressed in writing to the Rights and Permissions Office,S BL Press, 825 Hous- ton Mill Road, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Mason, Eric Farrel, editor. | Lockett, Darian R., editor. Title: Reading the Epistle of James / edited by Eric F. Mason and Darian R. Lockett. Description: Atlanta, Georgia : SBL Press, 2019. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019032627 (print) | LCCN 2019032628 (ebook) | ISBN 9781628372502 (paperback) | ISBN 9780884143932 (hardcover) | ISBN 9780884143949 (ebook) Subjects: Bible. James—Criticism, interpretation, etc. Classification: LCC BS2785.52 .R435 2019 (print) | LCC BS2785.52 (ebook) | DDC 227/.9106—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019032627 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019032628 Press Printed on acid-free paper. SBL C ontents A cknowledgments ...........................................................................................vii Abbreviations ....................................................................................................ix Introduction Darian R. Lockett and Eric F. Mason .......................................................1 James and Jesus Traditions Richard Bauckham .....................................................................................9 Use of Biblical and Other Jewish Traditions in James Eric F. Mason ............................................................................................27 The Letter of James and Hellenistic Philosophy Matt Jackson-McCabe .............................................................................45 James in the Context of Jewish Wisdom Literature Benjamin Wold .........................................................................................73 The Genre of James: Diaspora Letter, Wisdom Instruction, or Both? Luke L. Cheung and Kelvin C. L. Yu ......................................................87 The Rhetorical Composition of the Epistle of James Duane F. Watson .......................................................................................99 The Good God and the Reigning Lord:Press Theology of the Epistle of James Peter H. Davids .......................................................................................117 Salvation in James: Saved by Gift ot Become Merciful Mariam Kamell Kovalishyn ..................................................................129 The Devil and Demons in the Epistle of James Ryan E. SSBLtokes .........................................................................................145 vi C ontents P overty, Riches, and God’s Blessings: James in the Context of the Biblical Story Scot McKnight ........................................................................................161 Reading James with the Social Sciences Alicia J. Batten ........................................................................................177 Don’t Conform Yourselves to the Values of the Empire Elsa Tamez, translated by Kevin Johnson ...........................................193 Textual Criticism and the Editio Critica Maior of James Peter J. Gurry and Tommy Wasserman ...............................................209 James “the Brother of the Lord” and the Epistle of James John Painter.............................................................................................231 Use, Authority, and Canonical Status of James in the Earliest Church Darian R. Lockett ...................................................................................253 Salvation, the Church, and Social Teaching: The Epistle of James in Exegesis of the Reformation Era Stephen J. Chester ...................................................................................273 Bibliography ...................................................................................................291 List of Contributors .......................................................................................319 Ancient Sources Index ..................................................................................325 Modern Authors Index .................................................................................339 Press SBL A cknowledgments The editors wish to thank a number of people who have played vital roles in this project. Tom Thatcher served as the New Testament editor for the Resources for Biblical Study series when this project was approved, and it has reached its fulfillment under the series leadership of Davina C. Lopez. We thank both Tom and Davina for their confidence in and sup- port of this volume. Likewise, we are indebted to Bob Buller and Nicole Tilford at SBL Press for their advice and insights at various points along the way. In the late stages of the process we received valuable assistance from several people at Judson University: ThomasA tamian, Kim Johnson, and undergraduate students Gene Crume III and Carista Ritchie. Special thanks go to Wes Lynd, an MA student at Talbot School of Theology, for his assistance in compiling the indices. Finally, we are most indebted to the friends and colleagues who contributed the various chapters to this collection, thus making it possible, and to Kevin Johnson for his lucid translation from Spanish of the chapter by Elsa Tamez. The publisher and editors gratefully acknowledge permission to reprint portions of the following material: Richard Bauckham, “The Wisdom of James and the Wisdom of Jesus,” in The Catholic Epistles and the Tradi- tion, ed. Jacques Schlosser, BETL 176 (Leuven: Leuven University Press; Leuven: Peeters, 2004), 75–92; and Richard Bauckham, “James and Jesus,” in The Brother of Jesus: James the Just and His Mission, ed. Bruce Chilton and Jacob Neusner (Louisville: WestminsterPress John Knox, 2001), 100–137. SBL-vii - Press SBL A bbreviations P rimary Sources 1 Apol. Justin Martyr, First Apology 1 Clem. 1 Clement 1 En. 1 Enoch 1Q26 Instruction 1Q27 Book of Mysteries 1QH Thanksgiving Hymns 1QM War Scroll 1QS Rule of the Community 2 Apol. Justin Martyr, Second Apology 2 En. 2 Enoch 4Q149–155 Mezuzah Scrolls 4Q184 Wiles of the Wicked Woman 4Q185 Sapiential Work 4Q299 Mysteries 4Q370 AdmonFlood 4Q414 Ritual Purity A 4Q415–418 Instruction 4Q422 Paraphrase of Genesis and Exodus 4Q423 Instruction 4Q424 Instruction-like Work 4Q426 Sapiential-Hymnic WorkPress A 4Q436 Barkhi Nafshi 4Q473 The Two Ways 4Q474 Text Concerning Rachel and Joseph 4Q476 Liturgical Work B 4Q498 papSap/Hymn 4Q510 Songs of the Maskil 4Q524 Temple Scroll SBL-ix - x A bbreviations 4Q525 Beatitudes 4Q560 Exorcism 4QShirShab Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice (4Q400–407) 11Q11 Apocryphal Psalms 11Q19 Temple Scroll 11Q5 Psalm Scroll Abr. Philo, On the Life of Abraham A.J. Josephus, Jewish Antiquities Apoc. Ab. Apocalypse of Abraham Apos. Con. Apostolic Constitutions and Canons ʾAvot R. Nat. Avot of Rabbi Nathan b. Babylonian Talmud B. Qam. Bava Qamma CD Damascus Document (versions A and B from the Cairo Genizah) Cher. Philo, On the Cherubim Comm. Jo. Origen, Commentarii in evangelium Joannis Comm. Ps. Eusebius, Commentary on the Psalms Conf. Philo, On the Confusion of Tongues Deus Philo, That God Is Unchangeable Dysk. Menander, Dyskolos Ebr. Philo, On Drunkenness Ep. fest. Athanasius, Festal Letters Epist. Jerome, Epistulae Fam. Cicero, Epistulae ad familiars Fr. Jo. Origen, Fragementa in evangelium Joannis Garr. Plutarch, De garrulitate Haer. Augustine, Heresies; Irenaeus, Against Heresies Her. Philo, Who Is the Heir? Herm. Shepherd of Hermas Hist. eccl. Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History Hom. Exod. Origen, Homiliae in ExodumPress Hom. Lev. Origen, Homiliae in Leviticum Inst. Quintilian, Institutio oratoria Invid. Dio Crysostom, Envy Jub. Jubilees Leg. Cicero, De Legibus; Philo, Allegorical Interpretation; Plato, Laws m. SBLMishnah A bbreviations xi Magn. Ignatius, To the Magnesians Mand. Shepherd of Hermas, Mandate(s) Migr. Philo, On the Migration of Abraham Mos. Philo, On the Life of Moses Mut. Philo, On the Change of Names Nat. Seneca, Naturales quaestiones Off. Cicero, De officiis Opif. Philo, On the Creation of the World Pan. Epiphanius, Refutation of All Heresies Phil. Polycarp, To the Philippians Phld. Ignatius, To the Philadelphians Plant. Philo, On Planting Pol. Aristotle, Politics Post. Philo, On the Posterity of Cain Prog. Theon, Progymnasmata Ps.-Phoc. Pseudo-Phocylides QG Philo, Questions and Answers on Genesis Resp. Plato, Republic Rhet. Aristotle, Rhetorica Rhet. Alex. Rhetorica ad Alexandrum Rhet. Her. Rhetorica ad Herennium Rust. Columella, De re rustica Sacr. Philo, On the Sacrifices of Cain and Abel Sanh. Sanhedrin Sat. Horace, Satires; Juvenal, Satirae Shev. Shevi’it Sel. Ps. Origen, Selecta in Psalmos Shabb. Shabbat Sim. Shepherd of Hermas, Similitude(s) Sobr. Philo, On Sobriety Spec. Philo, On the Special Laws t. Tosefta Press T. Abr. Testament of Abraham T. Dan Testament of Dan T. Iss. Testament of
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