Mass Effect on the Lithium Abundance Evolution of Open Clusters: Hyades, NGC 752, and M 67 M
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The Zodiac: Comparison of the Ancient Greek Mythology and the Popular Romanian Beliefs
THE ZODIAC: COMPARISON OF THE ANCIENT GREEK MYTHOLOGY AND THE POPULAR ROMANIAN BELIEFS DOINA IONESCU *, FLORA ROVITHIS ** , ELENI ROVITHIS-LIVANIOU *** Abstract : This paper intends to draw a comparison between the ancient Greek Mythology and the Romanian folk beliefs for the Zodiac. So, after giving general information for the Zodiac, each one of the 12 zodiac signs is described. Besides, information is given for a few astronomical subjects of special interest, together with Romanian people believe and the description of Greek myths concerning them. Thus, after a thorough examination it is realized that: a) The Greek mythology offers an explanation for the consecration of each Zodiac sign, and even if this seems hyperbolic in almost most of the cases it was a solution for things not easily understood at that time; b) All these passed to the Romanians and influenced them a lot firstly by the ancient Greeks who had built colonies in the present Romania coasts as well as via commerce, and later via the Romans, and c) The Romanian beliefs for the Zodiac is also connected to their deep Orthodox religious character, with some references also to their history. Finally, a general discussion is made and some agricultural and navigator suggestions connected to Pleiades and Hyades are referred, too. Keywords : Zodiac, Greek, mythology, tradition, religion. PROLOGUE One of their first thoughts, or questions asked, by the primitive people had possibly to do with sky and stars because, when during the night it was very dark, all these lights above had certainly arose their interest. So, many ancient civilizations observed the stars as well as their movements in the sky. -
Winter Constellations
Winter Constellations *Orion *Canis Major *Monoceros *Canis Minor *Gemini *Auriga *Taurus *Eradinus *Lepus *Monoceros *Cancer *Lynx *Ursa Major *Ursa Minor *Draco *Camelopardalis *Cassiopeia *Cepheus *Andromeda *Perseus *Lacerta *Pegasus *Triangulum *Aries *Pisces *Cetus *Leo (rising) *Hydra (rising) *Canes Venatici (rising) Orion--Myth: Orion, the great hunter. In one myth, Orion boasted he would kill all the wild animals on the earth. But, the earth goddess Gaia, who was the protector of all animals, produced a gigantic scorpion, whose body was so heavily encased that Orion was unable to pierce through the armour, and was himself stung to death. His companion Artemis was greatly saddened and arranged for Orion to be immortalised among the stars. Scorpius, the scorpion, was placed on the opposite side of the sky so that Orion would never be hurt by it again. To this day, Orion is never seen in the sky at the same time as Scorpius. DSO’s ● ***M42 “Orion Nebula” (Neb) with Trapezium A stellar nursery where new stars are being born, perhaps a thousand stars. These are immense clouds of interstellar gas and dust collapse inward to form stars, mainly of ionized hydrogen which gives off the red glow so dominant, and also ionized greenish oxygen gas. The youngest stars may be less than 300,000 years old, even as young as 10,000 years old (compared to the Sun, 4.6 billion years old). 1300 ly. 1 ● *M43--(Neb) “De Marin’s Nebula” The star-forming “comma-shaped” region connected to the Orion Nebula. ● *M78--(Neb) Hard to see. A star-forming region connected to the Orion Nebula. -
A Gaia DR2 View of the Open Cluster Population in the Milky Way T
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. manuscript˙arXiv2 © ESO 2018 July 13, 2018 A Gaia DR2 view of the Open Cluster population in the Milky Way T. Cantat-Gaudin1, C. Jordi1, A. Vallenari2, A. Bragaglia3, L. Balaguer-Nu´nez˜ 1, C. Soubiran4, D. Bossini2, A. Moitinho5, A. Castro-Ginard1, A. Krone-Martins5, L. Casamiquela4, R. Sordo2, and R. Carrera2 1 Institut de Ciencies` del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona (IEEC-UB), Mart´ı i Franques` 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain 2 INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, vicolo Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy 3 INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio, via Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy 4 Laboratoire dAstrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5804, 33615 Pessac, France 5 CENTRA, Faculdade de Ciencias,ˆ Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, P-1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal Received date / Accepted date ABSTRACT Context. Open clusters are convenient probes of the structure and history of the Galactic disk. They are also fundamental to stellar evolution studies. The second Gaia data release contains precise astrometry at the sub-milliarcsecond level and homogeneous pho- tometry at the mmag level, that can be used to characterise a large number of clusters over the entire sky. Aims. In this study we aim to establish a list of members and derive mean parameters, in particular distances, for as many clusters as possible, making use of Gaia data alone. Methods. We compile a list of thousands of known or putative clusters from the literature. We then apply an unsupervised membership assignment code, UPMASK, to the Gaia DR2 data contained within the fields of those clusters. -
A Basic Requirement for Studying the Heavens Is Determining Where In
Abasic requirement for studying the heavens is determining where in the sky things are. To specify sky positions, astronomers have developed several coordinate systems. Each uses a coordinate grid projected on to the celestial sphere, in analogy to the geographic coordinate system used on the surface of the Earth. The coordinate systems differ only in their choice of the fundamental plane, which divides the sky into two equal hemispheres along a great circle (the fundamental plane of the geographic system is the Earth's equator) . Each coordinate system is named for its choice of fundamental plane. The equatorial coordinate system is probably the most widely used celestial coordinate system. It is also the one most closely related to the geographic coordinate system, because they use the same fun damental plane and the same poles. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere is called the celestial equator. Similarly, projecting the geographic poles on to the celest ial sphere defines the north and south celestial poles. However, there is an important difference between the equatorial and geographic coordinate systems: the geographic system is fixed to the Earth; it rotates as the Earth does . The equatorial system is fixed to the stars, so it appears to rotate across the sky with the stars, but of course it's really the Earth rotating under the fixed sky. The latitudinal (latitude-like) angle of the equatorial system is called declination (Dec for short) . It measures the angle of an object above or below the celestial equator. The longitud inal angle is called the right ascension (RA for short). -
Evolution of Star Clusters in Time-Variable Tidal Fields
Evolution of Star Clusters in Time-Variable Tidal Fields A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Drexel University by Ernest N. Mamikonyan in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 12, 2013 Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 TypesofStarClusters............................ 2 1.1.1 GlobularClusters .......................... 3 1.1.2 OpenClusters............................ 4 1.2 Mass Function: From Young to Globular . 5 2 Arbitrary Tidal Acceleration 8 2.1 ApproximatingTidalEffects. 9 2.1.1 Tidal Acceleration Tensor . 10 2.2 Stellar Dynamics with KIRA ........................ 11 2.2.1 CircularOrbitinPoint-MassPotential . 14 2.3 GalaxyMergerSimulations . 16 2.3.1 TidalHistories............................ 19 2.4 N-BodySimulations ............................ 24 2.4.1 N-BodyUnits ............................ 26 2.4.2 Scaling ................................ 26 3 Mass Loss Model 30 i 3.1 Accelerated Two-Body Relaxation . 30 3.2 FluctuationsintheJacobiRadius. 34 3.3 Results .................................... 36 3.4 Discussion.................................. 37 3.4.1 Limitations ............................. 40 4 Globular Cluster Mass Functions 44 4.1 MassFunctionEvolution . 47 4.2 Results .................................... 48 4.2.1 SinkParticles ............................ 48 4.2.2 DiskParticles ............................ 50 4.2.3 HaloParticles ............................ 55 5 Conclusions and Future Work 57 Appendix A Implementation of Tidal Fields in KIRA 63 Appendix B Computing Tidal Acceleration from GADGET Output 66 ii List of Figures 1.1 Infrared image of the globular cluster Omega Centauri. It is the most massive cluster in the Galaxy and thought to be a remnant of a dwarf galaxy absorbed by the Milky Way. (NASA/JPL-Caltech/ NOAO/AURA/NSF)............................. 3 1.2 The Pleiades open cluster in the infrared. It is one of the most well- known and spectacular objects in the Galaxy. -
Studies in Early Mediterranean Poetics and Cosmology
The Ruins of Paradise: Studies in Early Mediterranean Poetics and Cosmology by Matthew M. Newman A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Classical Studies) in the University of Michigan 2015 Doctoral Committee: Professor Richard Janko, Chair Professor Sara L. Ahbel-Rappe Professor Gary M. Beckman Associate Professor Benjamin W. Fortson Professor Ruth S. Scodel Bind us in time, O Seasons clear, and awe. O minstrel galleons of Carib fire, Bequeath us to no earthly shore until Is answered in the vortex of our grave The seal’s wide spindrift gaze toward paradise. (from Hart Crane’s Voyages, II) For Mom and Dad ii Acknowledgments I fear that what follows this preface will appear quite like one of the disorderly monsters it investigates. But should you find anything in this work compelling on account of its being lucid, know that I am not responsible. Not long ago, you see, I was brought up on charges of obscurantisme, although the only “terroristic” aspects of it were self- directed—“Vous avez mal compris; vous êtes idiot.”1 But I’ve been rehabilitated, or perhaps, like Aphrodite in Iliad 5 (if you buy my reading), habilitated for the first time, to the joys of clearer prose. My committee is responsible for this, especially my chair Richard Janko and he who first intervened, Benjamin Fortson. I thank them. If something in here should appear refined, again this is likely owing to the good taste of my committee. And if something should appear peculiarly sensitive, empathic even, then it was the humanity of my committee that enabled, or at least amplified, this, too. -
HYADES Star and Rain Nymphs | Greek Mythology
Google Search HYADES Web Theoi Greek Name Transliteration Latin Name Translation Ὑας Hyas Sucula Rainy Ones Ὑαδες Hyades Suculae (hyô, hyetos) THE HYADES were the nymphs of the five stars of the constellation Hyades. They were daughters of the Titan Atlas who bore the starry dome of heaven upon his shoulders. After their brother Hyas was killed by a lion, the tear-soaked sisters were placed amongst the stars as the constellation Hyades. Hyas himself was transformed into the constellation Aquarius. The heliacal setting of their constellation in November marked the start of the rainy season in Greece, hence the star nymphs were known as "the Rainy Ones." According to Nonnus the Hyades were the same as the Lamides nurses of the god Dionysos. The Hyades were also closely identified with the Nysiades and Nymphai Naxiai, the other reputed nurses of the god. The Hyades were also connected with the Naiades Mysiai, in which their brother Hyas is apparently substituted for a lover, Hylas. PARENTS [1.1] ATLAS & PLEIONE (Hyginus Fabulae 192) [1.2] ATLAS & AITHRA (Musaeus Frag, Hyginus Astronomica 2.21, Ovid Fasti 5.164) [2.1] HYAS & BOIOTIA (Hyginus Astronomica 2.21) NAMES [1.1] PHAISYLE, KORONIS, KLEEIA, PHAIO, EUDORE (Hesiod Astronomy 2) [1.2] PHAESYLA, KORONIS, AMBROSIA, POLYXO, EUDORA (Hyginus Fabulae 192) [1.3] AMBROSIA, EUDORA, AESYLE (Eustathius on Homer's Iliad 1156) ENCYCLOPEDIA HY′ADES (Huades), that is, the rainy, the name of a class of nymphs, whose number, names, and descent, are described in various ways by the ancients. Their parents were Atlas and Aethra ( Ov. -
CURRICULUM VITAE NAME: Robert David Mathieu ADDRESS
CURRICULUM VITAE NAME: Robert David Mathieu ADDRESS: Department of Astronomy University of Wisconsin - Madison Madison, WI 53706 (608) 890-3767 [email protected] RESEARCH INTERESTS: Stellar evolution and dynamics; STEM learning in higher education Special interests: Alternative stellar evolution pathways Binary star populations Structure, kinematics and dynamics of star clusters and star-forming regions Future faculty development in STEM EDUCATION: University of California, Berkeley Degree: Ph.D. in Astronomy, 1983 Thesis Title: The Structure, Internal Kinematics and Dynamics of Open Star Clusters Thesis Advisor: Prof. Ivan R. King Princeton University Degree: A.B. summa cum laude in Astronomy, 1978 Thesis Title: The Effects of Binaries on the Evolution of Isolated Spherical Star Systems Thesis Advisor: Prof. Lyman Spitzer, Jr. PROFESSIONAL POSITIONS: 2018- Albert E. Whitford Professor of Astronomy 2015- Affiliate Professor, Education Leadership and Policy Analysis 2013-2019 Associate Dean for Research, School of Education 2013-2019 Director, Wisconsin Center for Education Research 2013- Vilas Distinguished Achievement Professor of Astronomy 2008-12 Chair, Department of Astronomy 2002- Director, Center for the Integration of Research, Teaching, and Learning 1999-04 President, WIYN Observatory Board of Directors 1998-01 Associate Director, National Institute for Science Education 1998-01 Director, College Level - 1 Institute 1996- Professor, University of Wisconsin - Madison 1992-93 Visiting Associate Astronomer, Lick Observatory, -
THE DIONYSIAN PARADE and the POETICS of PLENITUDE by Professor Eric Csapo 20 February 2013 ERIC CSAPO
UCL DEPARTMENT OF GREEK AND LATIN HOUSMAN LECTURE UCL Housman Lecture THE DIONYSIAN PARADE AND THE POETICS OF PLENITUDE by Professor Eric Csapo 20 February 2013 ERIC CSAPO A.E. Housman (1859–1936) Born in Worcestershire in 1859, Alfred Edward Housman was a gifted classical scholar and poet. After studying in Oxford, Housman worked for ten years as a clerk, while publishing and writing scholarly articles on Horace, Propertius, Ovid, Aeschylus, Euripides and Sophocles. He gradually acquired such a high reputation that in 1892 he returned to the academic world as Professor of Classics at University College London (1892–1911) and then as Kennedy Professor of Latin at Trinity College, Cambridge (1911–1936). Housman Lectures at UCL The Department of Greek and Latin at University College London organizes regular Housman Lectures, named after its illustrious former colleague (with support from UCL Alumni). Housman Lectures, delivered by a scholar of international distinction, originally took place every second year and now happen every year, alternating between Greek and Roman topics (Greek lectures being funded by the A.G. Leventis Foundation). The fifth Housman lecture, which was given by Professor Eric Csapo (Professor of Classics, University of Sydney) on 20 February 2013, is here reproduced with minor adjustments. This lecture and its publication were generously supported by the A.G. Leventis Foundation. 2 HOUSMAN LECTURE The Dionysian Parade and the Poetics of Plenitude Scholarship has treated our two greatest Athenian festivals very differently.1 The literature on the procession of the Panathenaea is vast. The literature on the Parade (pompe) of the Great Dionysia is miniscule. -
Greek Mythology #23: DIONYSUS by Joy Journeay
Western Regional Button Association is pleased to share our educational articles with the button collecting community. This article appeared in the August 2017 WRBA Territorial News. Enjoy! WRBA gladly offers our articles for reprint, as long as credit is given to WRBA as the source, and the author. Please join WRBA! Go to www.WRBA.us Greek Mythology #23: DIONYSUS by Joy Journeay God of: Grape Harvest, Winemaking, Wine, Ritual Madness, Religious Ecstasy, Fertility and Theatre Home: MOUNT OLYMPUS Symbols: Thyrus, grapevine, leopard skin Parents: Zeus and Semele Consorts: Adriane Siblings: Ares, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Aphrodite, Hebe, Hermes, Heracles, Helen of Troy, Hephaestus, Perseus, Minos, the Muses, the Graces Roman Counterpart: Bacchus, Liber Dionysus’ mother was mortal Semele, daughter of a king of Thebes, and his father was Zeus, king of the gods. Dionysus was the only Olympian god to have a mortal parent. He was the god of fertility, wine and the arts. His nature reflected the duality of wine: he gave joy and divine ecstasy, or brutal and blinding rage. He and his followers could not be contained by bonds. One would imagine that being the god of “good times” could be a pretty easy and happy existence. Unfortunately, this just doesn’t happen in the world of Greek mythology. Dionysus is called “twice born.” His mother, Semele, was seduced by a Greek god, but Semele did not know which god was her lover. Fully aware of her husband’s infidelity, the jealous Hera went to Semele in disguise and convinced her to see her god lover in his true form. -
2018 Observatory Schedule
Astronomy Club of Akron 2018 Observatory Schedule 5031 Manchester Road, Akron, OH www.acaoh.org – The following events are open to the public. Please join us for stargazing and educational activities. Please arrive on time to avoid headlight distraction. – For notice of “impromptu star parties” not listed, send e-mail to [email protected] to request e-mail notification of unscheduled observing sessions. – Events will be cancelled if skies are cloudy. Always check website for star party status two hours before event. – This is an outdoor activity in an unheated environment. Nighttime temperatures drop rapidly, even during summer. A general rule of thumb is to dress for 15 degrees colder than predicted nighttime low temperature. – Please respect those who bring their own telescopes. Children should be supervised at all times. The observatory grounds is no place for toys or tomfoolery. – Please, no smoking on observatory grounds. Please, no use of cell phones or tablets in observatory (to preserve night vision). March 17 – 7:45pm July 7 – 9:00pm View the Great Orion Nebula & the beautiful star clusters of The Ring Nebula is a stunning sight in the 16” observatory Auriga through the 16” observatory telescope and view telescope; placed in the Milky Way, observers can see the Pleiades, Hyades, & Beehive Cluster through the 100mm nebula set in a field rich with stars. wide field telescope. Sky Tour: Winter Constellations July 14 – 8:45pm April 7 – 8:00pm Planet Night – Observe Venus at star party start. Jupiter and Special Event: Messier Marathon – stay all night to observe Saturn are well-placed during the observing session. -
Celebrating the Wonder of the Night Sky
Celebrating the Wonder of the Night Sky The heavens proclaim the glory of God. The skies display his craftsmanship. Psalm 19:1 NLT Celebrating the Wonder of the Night Sky Light Year Calculation: Simple! [Speed] 300 000 km/s [Time] x 60 s x 60 m x 24 h x 365.25 d [Distance] ≈ 10 000 000 000 000 km ≈ 63 000 AU Celebrating the Wonder of the Night Sky Milkyway Galaxy Hyades Star Cluster = 151 ly Barnard 68 Nebula = 400 ly Pleiades Star Cluster = 444 ly Coalsack Nebula = 600 ly Betelgeuse Star = 643 ly Helix Nebula = 700 ly Helix Nebula = 700 ly Witch Head Nebula = 900 ly Spirograph Nebula = 1 100 ly Orion Nebula = 1 344 ly Dumbbell Nebula = 1 360 ly Dumbbell Nebula = 1 360 ly Flame Nebula = 1 400 ly Flame Nebula = 1 400 ly Veil Nebula = 1 470 ly Horsehead Nebula = 1 500 ly Horsehead Nebula = 1 500 ly Sh2-106 Nebula = 2 000 ly Twin Jet Nebula = 2 100 ly Ring Nebula = 2 300 ly Ring Nebula = 2 300 ly NGC 2264 Nebula = 2 700 ly Cone Nebula = 2 700 ly Eskimo Nebula = 2 870 ly Sh2-71 Nebula = 3 200 ly Cat’s Eye Nebula = 3 300 ly Cat’s Eye Nebula = 3 300 ly IRAS 23166+1655 Nebula = 3 400 ly IRAS 23166+1655 Nebula = 3 400 ly Butterfly Nebula = 3 800 ly Lagoon Nebula = 4 100 ly Rotten Egg Nebula = 4 200 ly Trifid Nebula = 5 200 ly Monkey Head Nebula = 5 200 ly Lobster Nebula = 5 500 ly Pismis 24 Star Cluster = 5 500 ly Omega Nebula = 6 000 ly Crab Nebula = 6 500 ly RS Puppis Variable Star = 6 500 ly Eagle Nebula = 7 000 ly Eagle Nebula ‘Pillars of Creation’ = 7 000 ly SN1006 Supernova = 7 200 ly Red Spider Nebula = 8 000 ly Engraved Hourglass Nebula