The Copernican Principle Rules out BLC1 As a Technological Radio Signal from the Alpha Centauri System
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YETI – Search for Young Transiting Planets
YETI – search for young transiting planets Ronny Errmann, Astrophysikalisches Institut und Universitäts-Sternwarte Jena, in collaboration with: Ralph Neuhäuser, AIU Jena Gracjan Maciejewski, Centre for Astronomy of the Nicolaus Copernicus University Ronald Redmer, University of Rostock Martin Seeliger, AIU Jena YETI Observers, all over the world Mercury transit Hot Planets and Cool Stars 8. Nov. 06 (SOHO) Garching 12. November 2012 Venus transit 6. June 12 Motivation youngest transiting planets: ●Corot 2: 130 – 500 Myr (from star spots) 30 – 40 Myr (from planet radius) ●Corot 20: 100 – 800 Myr (from Li-abundance) M = 1 MJup ●Wasp 10: 200 – 350 Myr (from gyro-chronology) → younger transiting planets (Radius+true Mass) needed, to test models, and planet formation scenarios Observation strategies increase probability for transiting planet: monitoring of many young stars -> Young open clusters orbital periods: ~1 to ~10 days transit duration: ~1 to few hours → 1 to 5% of orbit in transit phase observation with single telescope: data gaps because of daytime, weather, ... increase probability for observing transit signal: long continuous observation -> YETI YETI-network (Young Exoplanet Transit Initiative) Tenagra II Llano del Gettysburg Sierra Nevada Jena Stara Lesna Byurakan Xinglong Gunma Hato Astrophysical 0.8-m telescope Observatory Collage Astronomical 1.0 and 2.6 Observatory Astronomical 1.5-m telescope Institute Observatory Institute telescopes 90/60 cm Observatory 0.9/0.6-m 0.6-m telescope 1.5-m telescope 1-m Schmidt 0.4-m telescope -
Astrobiology and the Search for Life Beyond Earth in the Next Decade
Astrobiology and the Search for Life Beyond Earth in the Next Decade Statement of Dr. Andrew Siemion Berkeley SETI Research Center, University of California, Berkeley ASTRON − Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, Netherlands Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands to the Committee on Science, Space and Technology United States House of Representatives 114th United States Congress September 29, 2015 Chairman Smith, Ranking Member Johnson and Members of the Committee, thank you for the opportunity to testify today. Overview Nearly 14 billion years ago, our universe was born from a swirling quantum soup, in a spectacular and dynamic event known as the \big bang." After several hundred million years, the first stars lit up the cosmos, and many hundreds of millions of years later, the remnants of countless stellar explosions coalesced into the first planetary systems. Somehow, through a process still not understood, the laws of physics guiding the unfolding of our universe gave rise to self-replicating organisms − life. Yet more perplexing, this life eventually evolved a capacity to know its universe, to study it, and to question its own existence. Did this happen many times? If it did, how? If it didn't, why? SETI (Search for ExtraTerrestrial Intelligence) experiments seek to determine the dis- tribution of advanced life in the universe through detecting the presence of technology, usually by searching for electromagnetic emission from communication technology, but also by searching for evidence of large scale energy usage or interstellar propulsion. Technology is thus used as a proxy for intelligence − if an advanced technology exists, so to does the ad- vanced life that created it. -
Monday, November 13, 2017 WHAT DOES IT MEAN to BE HABITABLE? 8:15 A.M. MHRGC Salons ABCD 8:15 A.M. Jang-Condell H. * Welcome C
Monday, November 13, 2017 WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE HABITABLE? 8:15 a.m. MHRGC Salons ABCD 8:15 a.m. Jang-Condell H. * Welcome Chair: Stephen Kane 8:30 a.m. Forget F. * Turbet M. Selsis F. Leconte J. Definition and Characterization of the Habitable Zone [#4057] We review the concept of habitable zone (HZ), why it is useful, and how to characterize it. The HZ could be nicknamed the “Hunting Zone” because its primary objective is now to help astronomers plan observations. This has interesting consequences. 9:00 a.m. Rushby A. J. Johnson M. Mills B. J. W. Watson A. J. Claire M. W. Long Term Planetary Habitability and the Carbonate-Silicate Cycle [#4026] We develop a coupled carbonate-silicate and stellar evolution model to investigate the effect of planet size on the operation of the long-term carbon cycle, and determine that larger planets are generally warmer for a given incident flux. 9:20 a.m. Dong C. F. * Huang Z. G. Jin M. Lingam M. Ma Y. J. Toth G. van der Holst B. Airapetian V. Cohen O. Gombosi T. Are “Habitable” Exoplanets Really Habitable? A Perspective from Atmospheric Loss [#4021] We will discuss the impact of exoplanetary space weather on the climate and habitability, which offers fresh insights concerning the habitability of exoplanets, especially those orbiting M-dwarfs, such as Proxima b and the TRAPPIST-1 system. 9:40 a.m. Fisher T. M. * Walker S. I. Desch S. J. Hartnett H. E. Glaser S. Limitations of Primary Productivity on “Aqua Planets:” Implications for Detectability [#4109] While ocean-covered planets have been considered a strong candidate for the search for life, the lack of surface weathering may lead to phosphorus scarcity and low primary productivity, making aqua planet biospheres difficult to detect. -
2015 October
TTSIQ #13 page 1 OCTOBER 2015 www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-confirms-evidence-that-liquid-water-flows-on-today-s-mars Flash! Sept. 28, 2015: www.space.com/30674-flowing-water-on-mars-discovery-pictures.html www.space.com/30673-water-flows-on-mars-discovery.html - “boosting odds for life!” These dark, narrow, 100 meter~yards long streaks called “recurring slope lineae” flowing downhill on Mars are inferred to have been formed by contemporary flowing water www.space.com/30683-mars-liquid-water-astronaut-exploration.html INDEX 2 Co-sponsoring Organizations NEWS SECTION pp. 3-56 3-13 Earth Orbit and Mission to Planet Earth 13-14 Space Tourism 15-20 Cislunar Space and the Moon 20-28 Mars 29-33 Asteroids & Comets 34-47 Other Planets & their moons 48-56 Starbound ARTICLES & ESSAY SECTION pp 56-84 56 Replace "Pluto the Dwarf Planet" with "Pluto-Charon Binary Planet" 61 Kepler Shipyards: an Innovative force that could reshape the future 64 Moon Fans + Mars Fans => Collaboration on Joint Project Areas 65 Editor’s List of Needed Science Missions 66 Skyfields 68 Alan Bean: from “Moonwalker” to Artist 69 Economic Assessment and Systems Analysis of an Evolvable Lunar Architecture that Leverages Commercial Space Capabilities and Public-Private-Partnerships 71 An Evolved Commercialized International Space Station 74 Remembrance of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam 75 The Problem of Rational Investment of Capital in Sustainable Futures on Earth and in Space 75 Recommendations to Overcome Non-Technical Challenges to Cleaning Up Orbital Debris STUDENTS & TEACHERS pp 85-96 Past TTSIQ issues are online at: www.moonsociety.org/international/ttsiq/ and at: www.nss.org/tothestarsOO TTSIQ #13 page 2 OCTOBER 2015 TTSIQ Sponsor Organizations 1. -
Prior Indigenous Technological Species
International Journal of Astrobiology 17 (1): 96–100 (2018) doi:10.1017/S1473550417000143 © Cambridge University Press 2017 Prior indigenous technological species Jason T. Wright1,2,3 1Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics and Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA e-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Astronomy Breakthrough Listen Laboratory 501 Campbell Hall #3411, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 3PI, NASA Nexus for Exoplanet System Science Abstract: One of the primary open questions of astrobiology is whether there is extant or extinct life elsewhere the solar system. Implicit in much of this work is that we are looking for microbial or, at best, unintelligent life, even though technological artefacts might be much easier to find. Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) work on searches for alien artefacts in the solar system typically presumes that such artefacts would be of extrasolar origin, even though life is known to have existed in the solar system, on Earth, for eons. But if a prior technological, perhaps spacefaring, species ever arose in the solar system, it might have produced artefacts or other technosignatures that have survived to present day, meaning solar system artefact SETI provides a potential path to resolving astrobiology’s question. Here, I discuss the origins and possible locations for technosignatures of such a prior indigenous technological species, which might have arisen on ancient Earth or another body, such as a pre-greenhouse Venus or a wet Mars. In the case of Venus, the arrival of its global greenhouse and potential resurfacing might have erased all evidence of its existence on the Venusian surface. -
BREAKTHROUGH LISTEN Searching for Signatures of Technology
BREAKTHROUGH LISTEN Searching for Signatures of Technology Howard Isaacson, Andrew Siemion & the Breakthrough Listen Team Overview Search Results Instrumentation Breakthrough Listen (BL) is the most comprehensive At radio frequencies, the capability of the data recording search for signs of extraterrestrial technology ever In the first analysis of BL data, including 30 minute cycles of observations of system directly determines survey speed, and given a undertaken. Using some of the most powerful 692 targets from our stellar sample, we find that none of the observed systems fixed observing time and spectral coverage, they telescopes in the world, combined with an host high-duty-cycle radio transmitters emitting between 1.1 to 1.9 GHz with an determine survey sensitivity as well. Breakthrough Listen unprecedented capability to record, archive and EIRP of 1013 watts, a luminosity readily achievable by our own civilization. This has the ability to write data to disk at the rate of 24 GB analyze the incoming data, Breakthrough Listen is comprehensive search over hundreds of stars represents only a small piece of per second. Using commodity servers and consumer humanity’s best hope of detecting evidence for the ever growing data set being compiled by Breakthrough Listen. class hard drives, the BL backend can record 6 GHz of technological civilizations beyond the Earth. BL his bandwidth at 8 bits for two polarizations. In a typical 6 currently observing a focused target list consisting hour session, the raw data recorded to disk can exceed ~1700 nearby stars and ~150 nearby galaxies. Our 350 TB. Using GPU processors the data volume is observing strategy is expressly designed to to allow Target Selection reduced to 2% of the raw data volume in less than 6 us to to effectively work through the mountains of hours. -
Searching For, Finding, and Imaging Young Extrasolar Planets with HST
Searching for, Finding, and Imaging Young Extrasolar Planets with HST/NICMOS 2MASSWJ 1207-334-393254b (2M1207b): A Common Proper Motion Companion of Planetary Mass to a Young Brown Dwarf G. Schneider (Steward Obs., UofA), I. Song, J. Farihi, (Gemini Obs.), B. Zuckerman, E. Becklin (UCLA), P. Lowrance (Caltech), B. Macintosh (LLNL), M. Bessell (ANU) ABSTRACT: Imaging discovery and subsequent characterization of extrasolar planet NICMOS CORONAGRAPHY DETECTION LIMITS & UNCERTAINTIES (EP) mass companions to stars has been observationally challenging due to the severe planet-to-star contrast ratios. Since the detection of the extrasolar giant planet (EGP) The ability to detect faint point sources near bright objects (e.g., planetary mass SINGLE ORBIT observations which roll the telescope about the target axis companion to 51 Peg [1], continuing discoveries of 1 – 10 Jupiter mass companions by companions to stars) is instrumentally enhanced by reducing the brightness of the (unfortunately, technically unfeasible with HST's soon to be implemented two-gyro indirect methods have revealed an unanticipated diversity in mass ranges, dynamical central star. To enable such observations, HST has provided unique resources for high guiding mode) are highly efficient and permit optimal self-subtraction of the properties, and primary-star characteristics. The past decade has seen an explosion of contrast imaging with its panchromatic complement of coronagraphically augmented underlying coronagraphic point-spread function. Such observations yield total indirect detections of EGP companions to solar-like stars through radial velocity imagers: NICMOS (near-IR), ACS (UV/Optical) and, until recently, STIS (broadband integration times of, typically, ~ 1300s. Highly repeatable point source detection limits surveys [2] and more recently, in much smaller numbers, via photometric transits [e.g., Optical). -
Astrobiology and the Search for Life Beyond Earth in the Next Decade
ASTROBIOLOGY AND THE SEARCH FOR LIFE BEYOND EARTH IN THE NEXT DECADE HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION September 29, 2015 Serial No. 114–40 Printed for the use of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://science.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 97–759PDF WASHINGTON : 2016 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HON. LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas, Chair FRANK D. LUCAS, Oklahoma EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., ZOE LOFGREN, California Wisconsin DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois DANA ROHRABACHER, California DONNA F. EDWARDS, Maryland RANDY NEUGEBAUER, Texas SUZANNE BONAMICI, Oregon MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas ERIC SWALWELL, California MO BROOKS, Alabama ALAN GRAYSON, Florida RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois AMI BERA, California BILL POSEY, Florida ELIZABETH H. ESTY, Connecticut THOMAS MASSIE, Kentucky MARC A. VEASEY, Texas JIM BRIDENSTINE, Oklahoma KATHERINE M. CLARK, Massachusetts RANDY K. WEBER, Texas DON S. BEYER, JR., Virginia BILL JOHNSON, Ohio ED PERLMUTTER, Colorado JOHN R. MOOLENAAR, Michigan PAUL TONKO, New York STEPHEN KNIGHT, California MARK TAKANO, California BRIAN BABIN, Texas BILL FOSTER, Illinois BRUCE WESTERMAN, Arkansas BARBARA COMSTOCK, Virginia GARY PALMER, Alabama BARRY LOUDERMILK, Georgia RALPH LEE ABRAHAM, Louisiana DARIN LAHOOD, Illinois (II) C O N T E N T S September 29, 2015 Page Witness List ............................................................................................................. 2 Hearing Charter ..................................................................................................... -
A Moving Cluster Distance to the Exoplanet 2M1207 B in the TW Hya
accepted to Astrophysical Journal, 18 July 2005 A Moving Cluster Distance to the Exoplanet 2M1207 B in the TW Hya Association Eric E. Mamajek1 Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., MS-42, Cambridge, MA 02138 [email protected] ABSTRACT A candidate extrasolar planet companion to the young brown dwarf 2MASSW J1207334-393254 (2M1207) was recently discovered by Chauvin et al. They find that 2M1207 B’s temperature and luminosity are consistent with being a young, ∼5 MJup planet. The 2M1207 system is purported to be a member of the TW Hya association (TWA), and situated ∼70 pc away. Using a revised space mo- tion vector for TWA, and improved proper motion for 2M1207, I use the moving cluster method to estimate the distance to the 2M1207 system and other TWA members. The derived distance for 2M1207 (53 ± 6 pc) forces the brown dwarf and planet to be half as luminous as previously thought. The inferred masses for 2M 1207 A and B decrease to ∼21 MJup and ∼3-4MJup, respectively, with the mass of B being well below the observed tip of the planetary mass function and the theoretical deuterium-burning limit. After removing probable Lower arXiv:astro-ph/0507416v1 18 Jul 2005 Centaurus-Crux (LCC) members from the TWA sample, as well as the prob- able non-member TWA 22, the remaining TWA members are found to have distances of 49 ± 3 (s.e.m.) ± 12(1σ) pc, and an internal 1D velocity dispersion of +0.3 −1 0.8−0.2 km s . There is weak evidence that the TWA is expanding, and the data are consistent with a lower limit on the expansion age of 10 Myr (95% confidence). -
Cybercozen Jun 2018
בס"ד SCIENCE-Fiction Fanzine Vol. XXX, No. 06; June 2018 חדשות האגודה – יוני The Israeli Society for Science Fiction and Fantasy 2018 - המועדון בירושלים יעסוק בספר "לב המעגל" מאת קרן לנדסמן (כנרת-זמורה-ביתן, 2018), ויתקיים ביום שני 24.06, ב20:00- ב"חליט'תה", בית תה ירושלמי, רחוב הלל 6, ירושלים. מנחה: גלי אחיטוב. - המועדון בת"א יעסוק בספר " כל לב הוא דלת" מאת שונן מגווייר (נובה, 2017) - עקב אילוצים המועדון יתקיים בתחילת יולי - ביום חמישי, 5.7, בשעה 19:30, בבית פרטי ברמת אביב. כתובת מדויקת תינתן לנרשמות ולנרשמים למועדון. מנחה: שרה גבאי המועדון בחיפה יעסוק בספר "הנערה עם כל המתנות" מאת מ.ר. קרי (יניב, 2016). המועדון יתקיים ביום רביעי, 27.6, ב19:00-, ב"קפה המכבסה", החלוץ 45, חיפה. מנחה: טניה חייקין. *** חדש: המועדון הגליל מערבי בכרמיאל-משגב יעסוק בספר "בני אנאנסי" מאת ניל גיימן (אופוס, 2005). המפגש יתקיים ביום שלישי 26.6 בשעה 20:00, בבית פרטי במשגב. כתובת מדויקת תינתן לנרשמות ולנרשמים למועדון. מנחה: קרן פייט כל האירועים של האגודה מופיעים בלוח האירועים (שפע אירועים מעניינים, הרצאות, סדנאות, מפגשים ועוד) או לדף האגודה בפייסבוק. לקבלת עדכונים שוטפים על מפגשי מועדון הקריאה ברחבי הארץ ניתן להצטרף לרשימת התפוצה Society information is available (in Hebrew) at the Society’s site: http://www.sf-f.org.il This month’s roundup: • A review of John Scalzi The Android’s Dream • Another installment of “Sheer Science”. This month Time travel – As usual, interesting tidbits from the websites – and today’s from “Space.com” – Your editor, Leybl Botwinik Regular Reader Resonance: I just had a bit of deja vu, Leybl. -
The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: 1.1–1.9 Ghz Observations of 692 Nearby Stars
The Astrophysical Journal, 849:104 (13pp), 2017 November 10 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa8d1b © 2017. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: 1.1–1.9 GHz Observations of 692 Nearby Stars J. Emilio Enriquez1,2 , Andrew Siemion1,2,3 , Griffin Foster1,4 , Vishal Gajjar5 , Greg Hellbourg1, Jack Hickish6 , Howard Isaacson1 , Danny C. Price1,7 , Steve Croft1 , David DeBoer6, Matt Lebofsky1, David H. E. MacMahon6, and Dan Werthimer1,5,6 1 Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, 501 Campbell Hall #3411, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; [email protected] 2 Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands 3 SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA 4 University of Oxford, Sub-Department of Astrophysics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UK 5 Space Science Laboratory, 7-Gauss way, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA 6 Radio Astronomy Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 7 Centre for Astrophysics & Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia Received 2017 April 20; revised 2017 September 5; accepted 2017 September 8; published 2017 November 6 Abstract We report on a search for engineered signals from a sample of 692 nearby stars using the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope, undertaken as part of the Breakthrough Listen Initiative search for extraterrestrial intelligence. Observations were made over 1.1–1.9 GHz (L band), with three sets of five-minute observations of the 692 primary targets, interspersed with five-minute observations of secondary targets. -
The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life Near the Galactic Center I
Draft version April 28, 2021 Typeset using LATEX default style in AASTeX63 The Breakthrough Listen Search For Intelligent Life Near the Galactic Center I Vishal Gajjar ,1 Karen I. Perez ,2 Andrew P. V. Siemion ,1, 3, 4, 5 Griffin Foster ,1 Bryan Brzycki,1 Shami Chatterjee ,6 Yuhong Chen,1 James M. Cordes ,6 Steve Croft ,1, 4 Daniel Czech ,1 David DeBoer ,1 Julia DeMarines,1 Jamie Drew,7 Michael Gowanlock ,8 Howard Isaacson ,1, 9 Brian C. Lacki ,1 Matt Lebofsky,1 David H. E. MacMahon,1 Ian S. Morrison ,10 Cherry Ng,1 Imke de Pater,1 Danny C. Price ,1, 10 Sofia Z. Sheikh,11 Akshay Suresh ,6 Claire Webb,12 and S. Pete Worden7 1Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley CA 94720 2Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA 3Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP,Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands 4SETI Institute, Mountain View, California 5University of Malta, Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy 6Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science and Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA 7The Breakthrough Initiatives, NASA Research Park, Bld. 18, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA 8School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011 9University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia 10International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin Institute of Radio Astronomy, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia 11Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA 16802 12Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts (Accepted April 28, 2021) Submitted to AJ ABSTRACT A line-of-sight towards the Galactic Center (GC) offers the largest number of potentially habitable systems of any direction in the sky.