FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Bank And
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OECD Territorial Review of Brazil Was Produced by the OECD Regional Development Policy Division, Directed by Joaquim Oliveira Martins
FOREWORD – 3 Foreword At the beginning of this new millennium, regional economies are confronting momentous changes. The globalisation of trade and economic activity is increasingly testing their ability to adapt and maintain their competitive edge. There is a tendency for income and performance gaps to widen between and within regions, and the cost of maintaining social cohesion is increasing. Rapid technological change and greater use of knowledge are offering new opportunities for local and regional development but demand further investment from enterprises, reorganisation of labour and production, more advanced skills and environmental improvements. Amid this change and turbulence, regions continue to follow very different paths. Some regions are doing well and are driving growth. Others are less successful at capturing trade and additional economic activities. Many territories with poor links to the sources of prosperity, afflicted by migration and ageing, and lagging behind with respect to infrastructure and private investment, are finding it difficult to keep up with the general trend. At the same time, central governments are no longer the sole provider of territorial policy. The vertical distribution of power between the different tiers of government needs to be reassessed, as well as the decentralisation of fiscal resources in order to better respond to the expectations of citizens and improve policy efficiency. Public authorities need to weigh up current challenges, evaluate the strategies pursued in recent years, and define new options. Responding to a need to study and spread innovative territorial development strategies and governance in a more systematic way, in 1999 the OECD created the Territorial Development Policy Committee (TDPC) as a unique forum for international exchange and debate. -
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS BNB and FNE in R
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS BNB and FNE In R$ thousand Position:12.31.2020 ANNUAL MANAGEMENT REPORT 2020 2020 1 ANNUAL MANAGEMENT REPORT 2020 SUMMARY 1. A WORD FROM THE CEO ............................................................................................................. 3 1.1 HIGHLIGHTS................................................................................................................................... 5 2. BUSINESS MODEL ........................................................................................................................ 8 3. BUSINESS STRATEGY .................................................................................................................. 9 3.1 BUSINESS PLANNING ........................................................................................................................ 9 3.2 STRATEGIC PROJECTS ................................................................................................................... 10 3.3 PLANNING THE FUTURE IN 2021 ...................................................................................................... 11 3.4 CONSTITUTIONAL FUND FOR FINANCING IN THE NORTHEAST (FNE) .................................................. 12 3.4.1 FNE assets ........................................................................................................................... 12 3.4.2 FNE performance in 2020 .................................................................................................... 12 3.4.3 FNE 2020: Estimated Economic Impacts -
1. Introduction Regional Disparities Die Hard
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN BRAZIL1 2 GUSTAVO MAIA GOMES 1. Introduction Regional disparities die hard. As far as the Northeast, Brazil’s poorest region, is concerned, GDP per capita in 1999 was 46,6 per cent of the country’s corresponding figure – almost exactly as it had been four decades before, in 1960. The latter is no arbitrary picking. (Recall that Sudene, the regional development institution, was created in December, 1959.) Truly, some improvement (and some deterioration) have happened in sub-periods between 1960 and the present. But fluctuations are fluctuations, and in the very long run, the lack of change in relative positions is striking. The more so because reducing the economic gap of the Northeastern region vis-à-vis the rest of the country has been for decades a persistent goal of the Brazilian state. To be sure, there has been change in the territorial allocation of production, as previously economically non-existent regions began to show up in the statistics. Correspondingly, in the seventies, frontier states such as Mato Grosso and Goiás, have experienced strong growth. The same, if more recently, has happened to Rondônia and Tocantins. Part of this has been a consequence of government initiatives, in the form of infrastructure construction, the granting of tax holidays and incentives for private investment, and investment initiatives of the state enterprises. At the state level, convergence of per capita GDPs do appear in the statistics, especially from 1947 to the mid-1980s. At the regional level, especially from the late 1960s on, the empty space of the Center- West has emerged as a dynamic agricultural region; also, after a long-lasting stagnation, the Northern states of Amazonas (thanks to the Manaus industrial pole), Pará (mostly iron ore mining, some cattle breeding, legal and illegal tree-cutting and wood products), and others (e.g. -
World Bank Document
Document of The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Report No.: 86803 Public Disclosure Authorized PROJECT PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT REPORT BRAZIL NORTHEAST MICRO FINANCE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (IBRD-45540) April 15, 2014 Public Disclosure Authorized IEG Public Sector Evaluation Independent Evaluation Group Public Disclosure Authorized ii Currency Equivalents (annual averages) Currency Unit =BrazilianReal (R$) 2001 US$1.00 $2.31 2002 US$1.00 $3.56 2003 US$1.00 $2.90 2004 US$1.00 $2.69 2005 US$1.00 $2.33 2006 US$1.00 $2.15 2007 US$1.00 $1.76 Abbreviations and Acronyms ABCRED Associaço Brasileirade Entidades Operadorasde Microcredito e Microfinanças (Brazilian Microfinance Association) BNB Bank of the Northeast of Brazil (Banco do Nordeste do Brasil) BNDES National Bank for Economic and Social Development CAS Country Assistance Strategy CGAP Consultative Group to Assist the Poor CMN National Monetary Council CRESCER Federal Government's National Microcredit Program ETENA Technical Office for Economic Studies of the Northeast FAT Fundo de Amparo ao Trabalhodor(Government Social Security and Unemployment fund) FGV Fundaçao Getulio Vargas (Brazilian Research Institute) GDP Growth Domestic Product ICR Implementation Completion and Results report IEG Independent Evaluation Group IEGPS IEG Public Sector Evaluation NGO Non Government Organization OSCIPs Organização da Sociedade Civil de Interesse Público (Civil Society and Public Interest Organizations) PAD Project Appraisal Document PHRD Policy and Human Resources Development Program PPAR Project Performance Assessment Report ROA Return on Assets ROE Return on Equity SDI Subsidy Dependence Index SEBRAE Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e PequenasEmpresas (Brazilian Micro and Small Business Support Service) SELIC Special Clearance and Escrow System Fiscal Year Government: January 01 - December 31 Director-General, Independent Evaluation Ms. -
The Crediamigo Program: Urban Productive Inclusion Through Microcredit
Casoteca of Public Management WWP's Series of Cases The CrediAmigo program: urban productive inclusion through microcredit Written by: Santiago Varella, Silvana Parente e Conceição Faheina (2017) www.wwp.org WWP SERIES CASE STUDY The CrediAmigo program: urban productive inclusion through microcredit Santiago Varella Silvana Parente Conceição Faheina 1 Sociologist, Researcher at the International Policy Center for Inclusive Growth (IPC-IG/UNDP), and WWP collaborator. 2 Doctor (Ph.D.) in Economics, expert in Microfinance, Solidarity Economics and Regional Development, Director of the Advisory Institute for Human Development (IADH). 3 Economist and expert in the preparation and evaluation of socioeconomic, microfinance and financial inclusion projects. Former Executive Coordinator of the CrediAmigo program. www.wwp.org This publication is part of a case studies series by the Brazil Learning Initiative for a World without Poverty (WWP). Brasília, 2017 Summary 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 6 2 Institutional Context of the CrediAmigo Program........................................................ 10 3 Implementation of the CrediAmigo: description and track record ........................ 14 4 Program outcomes and impacts on clients .................................................................... 20 5 Challenges identified and lessons learned ...................................................................... 24 6 Conclusions -
Crediamigo in Brazil
Microcredit Diaries in Latin America: Crediamigo in Brazil I - Microcredit Diaries in Brazil & Crediamigo Regulatory Framework The case of CrediAmigo, Banco do Nordeste … Institutional aspects … Impacts: quantitative and qualitative Portosol and CEAPE – RS … Impacts of International cooperation … Microcredit Scenario 2 PART I - Microcredit Diaries in Brazil & Crediamigo 1. I ntroduction Microcredit: Conceptual Aspects Motivation Around the world, millions of poor people must make their living in order to survive often through self-employment in the informal sector or through family-owned small businesses. Although frowned upon by some economists as a setback to development, due to lack of regulation, more and more policy-makers are becoming aware that the key to economic and political development may, in fact, lie in the informal sector. The informal sector of the developing world grows at a quick pace, and seems likely to become permanent. It consist of a significant source of sustainability for most individuals in the developing world, but it presents many limitations, such as the exclusion from financial services, a key foundation for investment and further economic growth. Without access to financial capital, the poor face large barriers to economic activities, which more importantly, prevent them from moving up the income ladder and pulling themselves out of poverty. The positive news is that as the informal sector grows, so does the market for microcredit. By recognizing that lack of access to financial services is a serious limitation to the poor, microcredit capitalizes on the poor’s entrepreneurial spirit, aiming to provide a starting place for them to achieve economic sustainability and climb the economic ladder out of poverty.