Walking and Cycling Connectivity Study West Blackburn

WALKING & CYCLING CONNECTIVITY STUDY

WEST BLACKBURN June 2020 CONTENT:

1.0 Overview 2.0 Baseline Study 3.0 Detailed Trip Study 4.0 Route Appraisal and Ratings 5.0 Suggested Improvements & Conclusions 1.0

OVERVIEW West Blackburn 1.0 Introduction

Capita has been appointed by Blackburn with Darwen expected to deliver up to 110 dwellings); pedestrian and cycle movement within the area. Borough Council (BwDBC) to prepare a connectivity • Pleasington Lakes (approximately 46.2 Ha of study to appraise the potential impact of development developable land, expected to deliver up to 450 Study Area sites on the local pedestrian network. dwellings;) • Eclipse Mill site in Feniscowles, expected to deliver The study area is outlined on the plan opposite. In This study will consider the implications arising 52 dwellings; general, the area comprises the land encompassed from the build-out of new proposed housing sites • Tower Road site in Cherry Tree, expected to deliver by the West Blackburn Growth Zone. The study area for pedestrian travel, in order to identify potential approximately 30 dwellings. principally consists of the area bounded by Livesey gaps in the existing highway and sustainable travel Branch Road to the north, A666 Bolton Road to the provision. It will also consider potential options for east, the M65 to the south, and Preston Old Road and The study also takes into account the committed any improvements which may be necessary in order to the Blackburn with Darwen Borough Boundary to the improvements that were delivered as part of the adequately support the developments. west Pennine Reach scheme. This project was completed in April 2017 to create new bus rapid transit corridors Findings will also be used to inform the Local Plan which will reduce bus journey times and improve the Review currently underway that will identify growth reliability of services. Of relevance to this study, the and infrastructure needs to 2037. project has delivered the now implemented upgrade of the Ewood Gyratory and A666 route. Background Study Structure A number of committed residential development sites within the study area have recently been granted, or The structure of this report is set out as follows: are close to being granted, planning consent. Several of these sites form part of larger masterplan Section 2 – sets out the extent of the study area and sites, which are included as allocated sites within the the proposed development sites, and considers the Local Plan. existing pedestrian, cycle and public transport provision When fully built out, these development sites will within the study area appraising the accessibility of the deliver up to 2,500 new dwellings across eight sites in proposed development sites. the West Blackburn area. These development sites are: Section 3 – looks in detail at each of the proposed • Bank Hey Masterplan area (approximately 45.6 Ha, development sites and considers the likely trip expected to deliver up to 650 dwellings). This site generation based on the local trip attractors. includes a proposed new link road connecting Bog These journeys are individually mapped along the Height Road with Jack Walker Way); identification of gaps in provision if applicable. • Gib Lane Masterplan area (approximately 43.2 Ha, expected to deliver up to 890 dwellings in total); Section 4 – is a quality appraisal of all the identified • The former Blackburn Mill (SAPPI) Masterplan area, routes within section 3. The routes will be graded (approximately 27.4 Ha, expected to deliver up to against an agreed set of parameters to assess their 450 dwellings plus 12,400 sqm of employment suitability as a pedestrian connection; floorspace). This site includes the potential for a new link road connecting Preston Old Road with Section 5 – considers gaps identified within the Livesey Branch Road; assessment undertaken in section 4. This assessment • Land off Parklands Way (approximately 7.6 Ha, allows the development of a series of interventions and outline designs as required to ensure the quality of Study Area 2.0

BASELINE STUDY West Blackburn 2.1 Overview

The following section presents an overview of the In line with the CIHT and PPG13 guidelines, walking The level of accessibility on foot and by bicycle from existing walking and cycling infrastructure locations isochrones for distances of up to 30 minutes (c.2km) the development sites is considered in the following and conditions. It reviews the Public Rights of Way are presented on the plan in section 2.2 and illustrate sections. Based on these figures the vast majority of the within the development area, walking and cycling the level of pedestrian accessibility from each site in study area is within an acceptable cycling distance of routes, non-motorised user accessibility, and the key the context of the surrounding area. each site and also many of the sites, particularly those trip attractors in the area. Recommendations are to the north of the study area are within easy cycling made for improvements to general walking and cycling Based on these figures it is considered that the distance of the town centre. However it is considered conditions within the area. 2km catchment encompasses the vast majority of that conditions for cyclists may be improved to appeal the facilities within the area for all the proposed to those with differing levels of confidence and to Walking development sites. It is also noted that several of the improve their safety and security. Any gaps in provision development sites to the north of the study area would are highlighted and potential improvements considered Guideline walking distances provided in the Institution in section 4 & 5. of Highways and Transportation (IHT, 2000) document, be able to walk into the town centre within the PPG13 ‘Guidelines for Providing for Journeys on Foot’ are 30 minute guidelines. presented in the table below. Cycling Criteria Town Commuting/ Elsewhere Advice contained within the superseded PPG13 remains Centre Sightseeing the most up to date national expression of advice Desirable 200m 500m 400m on cycling distances; it states “Cycling also has the potential to substitute for short car trips, particularly Acceptable 400m 1,000m 800m those less than 5km (3 miles) and to form part of a Preferred 800m 2,000m 1,200m longer journey by public transport”. Therefore, cycling Maximum can form an attractive and genuinely viable mode of transport for short to medium length journeys.

Accessibility on foot has been assessed in-line with the GUIDELINES FOR CIHT document discussed above and is based on an In addition, in respect of acceptable cycle journeys average walking speed of 4.8km/hr. distances “Local Transport Note 2/08: Cycling ROVIDING FOR Infrastructure Design” published by the DfT, states Planning Policy Guidance 13: Transport P Appropriate walking distances are considered that for many commuter journeys a distance of 5 miles JOURNEYS ON FOOT dependent upon the location of the specific (8km) is not uncommon. development; more remote locations will see people being prepared to walk further to their end destination. Analysis of the accessibility of each of the proposed Similarly, walking distances are also dependent upon development sites by bicycle has also been undertaken PUBLISHED BY the standard of existing pedestrian infrastructure using TRACC, using the most up to date data available THE INSTITUTION OF provision, with further walking distances achievable in at the time of analysis. Accessibility has been assessed HIGHWAYS &TRANSPORTATION locations with extensive and high-quality pedestrian in increments of 2, 3.5, and 5 kilometres (km) distance footways, crossings and pedestrianised areas. from the proposed site, in order to present the 2000 potential for cycling accessibility as a leisure offer and It is recognised in the now superseded Planning Policy as a viable option for commuting for the sites. Guidance 13 (PPG13) outlined by the Government, that walking is the most important mode of travel, and as such offers the most likely way of reducing short car journeys, in particular those under 2km. Assessment of development sites to this extent is still acknowledged PROVIDING FOR JOURNEYS ON FOOT 1 as ‘good practice’. West Blackburn 2.1 Overview

The land use within the western section of the Blackburn with Darwen Local Plan Blackburn with Darwen Local Plan Review Sports Facility study area is predominantly residential whilst the Blackburn with Darwen Council adopted the Local Plan The council is in the process of updating its adopted eastern section, closer to the M65 connections is Part 2 in December 2015. Alongside the Core Strategy local plan. The new local plan will look at the growth Medical Facility predominately industrial and commercial. Therefore which was adopted in January 2011 and forms Part 1 of and infrastructure needs, including sustainable the eastern study area is the primary a point of origin the Local Plan, it aims to shape the future development transport, for the period 2018-2037. The findings of Educational Facility for trips to surrounding external destinations. of Blackburn with Darwen in order to create jobs, this study will therefore inform policy development and attract and retain a skilled labour force, and strengthen the infrastructure Delivery Plan. Amenity Space The main trip attractors in the vicinity of the study the borough’s competitive position in the North West. Community Facility area are the numerous schools, public green spaces and Royal Blackburn Hospital. Blackburn Town Centre, The plan identifies land allocations which are Library which provides a mix of retail and employment sites, considered essential to delivering these objectives is located approximately 2km north-west of the study and sets out the policies against which planning Church area. applications for development will be assessed by the Council. The study area includes a number of allocated Nursery Proposed Development Sites housing, employment and green infrastructure sites in The development proposals considered within this both council and private ownership. report consist of a total of 6 development sites, including 3 large masterplan areas, together with Policy 10 ‘Accessibility and Transport’ states that 3smaller plots within the study area. The development ‘Development for uses that are likely to generate large site locations are illustrated in the figure opposite. numbers of trips, other than developments specifically The proposed development sites and their existing allowed for by other policies, will only be permitted in connectivity are considered in more detail in Section 3. locations that are conveniently accessible by existing or proposed public transport services’. Approximate Study Boundary Overlaid on the Blackburn with Darwen Borough Council Local Plan The following section provides an overview of the major local policy documents relevant to the study area, with regard to the nature of the proposed development sites.

Blackburn with Darwen Core Strategy The Blackburn with Darwen Core Strategy was adopted in January 2011 and sets out the priorities for the future planning and development of the Borough through to 2026.

Policy CS22 ‘Accessibility Strategy’ of the Core Strategy aims to locate new development where it can easily be accessed by non-car means including public transport, walking and cycling. 2

Off Road Cycle Provision Designated On Road Cycle Provision On Road Cycle Provision 24A Bus Route (Chorley to Blackburn) 24 Bus Route (Blackburn to Chorley) 152 Bus Route (Blackburn to Altham) 4 Bus Route (Blackburn to Darwen) 1000m 1 Bus Route (Blackburn to Bolton) Public Right of Way N West Blackburn 2.2 PROWs & Housing Sites

Typically, the residential streets in the study area have Feniscowles Primary School. There are further crossing footways on both sides of the carriageway, which are facilities along the eastern section of Livesey Branch generally 2m in width. From site observations they Road (PUFFIN and Zebra) although none are located were observed to be in a generally good condition, with in close proximity to the new access point to the Gib dropped kerbs and street lighting available throughout. Lane development. There are currently no pedestrian crossing facilities along Heys Lane, or Broken Stone Footways are present along Livesey Branch Road Road/ Bog Height Road. running on the both sides of the carriageway. Similarly, dedicated footways are also provided on the both Public Rights of Way sides along A666 Bolton Road / Blackburn Road. Street The existing PRoW network in the vicinity of the study lighting is provided extensively along these routes. area is illustrated in plan on the opposite page, and is presented in context with the bus stop locations. The Along Heys Lane facilities are more varied. No existing PRoW data has been obtained GIS information footways are present alongside the carriageway for from BwDBC and verified and referenced against approximately 500m from its junction with Broken information from www.magicmaps.com and www. Stone Road, and no street lighting is present along rowmaps.com this section. Following that, a segregated approx. 1.5m wide footway runs parallel with Heys Lane at its As shown in the figure opposite, there are a number western side. A 2.0m footway is provided alongside of public footpaths linking the development sites, the southbound side of the carriageway with street originating from the area to the south of M65, crossing Gib Lane Masterplan - Movement Framework Plan lighting. The segregated footway continues until the over the motorway through the fields and terminating mini roundabout before footways on either side of the further north towards Livesey Branch Road. Many carriageway continue throughout to its junction with of these existing footpaths tie into the network of Livesey Branch Road. footways running along the local roads.

Similarly, Gib Lane is predominantly rural in character It is considered that the north-south connections for approximately 500m, however footways and street are significant in providing links between the major lighting have recently been implemented to western development sites particularly Gib Lane, Pleasington side of the carriageway along the frontage of the Gib Lakes, and Bank Hey. It is noted, however, that there Lane development site. Footways are provided on are limited footpath connections to the SAPPI site. both sides of the carriageway in the residential area commencing around Risedale Grove. These continue, Cherry Tree station is considered to be one of the main along with street lighting, until the junction with trip attractors for the area. Analysis shows, however, Livesey Branch Road. that the station is in excess of the 2km recommended walking distance for all sites except Parklands Way. It No paved footways or street lighting are present along is therefore considered that the creation of more direct Bog Height Road or Broken Stone Road situated at the routes with supporting infrastructure may be required south of the study area. to ensure that this journey is viable on foot.

In terms of the pedestrian facilities along the main routes within the study area, Zebra crossings are situated in advance of the Green Lane/ Livesey branch road junction and on the eastern arm of the A674 Preston Old Road/ A6062 Livesey Branch Road mini- Broken Stone Road roundabout. A Zebra crossing is located adjacent to 2

1000m Public Right of Way N West BlackburnEast Lancashire Strategic Cycle Network G CLITHEROE 2.3 Public Cycle Routes & InfrastructureWeavers Wheel and its links to development sites F The figure opposite illustrates the local cycle network As well as the main wheel there are spurs radiating Designated cycle infrastructure is provided sporadically. development area, Old Gates Drive and Rannoch Drive GREAT HARWOOD within the study area, in relation to the proposed out to key employment locations such as Samlesbury An advisory cycle lane with red surface marking is offer a less heavily trafficked route with lower vehicle Ramsgreave development sites considered in this report. Enterprise Zone and Whitebirk as well as spokesA2 into provided for a distance of approximately 120m from the speeds that may offer& Wilpshire a more desirable route to less Blackburn Town Centre providing direct access to local junction with Fielding Crescent to the Zebra crossing confident cyclists. StationIt is noted, however, that this route PARSONAGE RD There is a variety of off-road and on-road local and employment, education, retail and leisure opportunitiesSAMLESBURY ENTERPRISE adjacent ZONE to St Bede’s High School. A further section of may currently prove problematic in terms of wayfinding for cyclists and walkers. However the majorityThe Enterpriseof the Zoneadvisory at Samlesbury cycle lane is present along the northbound and improved signage would be welcomed to highlight national cycle routes within the study area. It is noted, is being developed for the purposes however, that the proposed development sites are development sites considered in this assessmentof advanced are engineeringside ofand the carriageway adjacent to the Green Lane this route for potential cycle trips. Similarly, it is manufacturing and associated uses NORTH BLACKBURN E L located to the south of the Weavers Wheel route, community centre. considered that Beechwood Drive5 would benefit e poorly served by cycle routes; there are no local or DEVELOPMENT SITE e

d with no direct connections to it. A map illustrating the from improved wayfinding / signage as a cycle route, s national cycle routes located in the south of the study L iv e Weavers Wheel network is included in Appendix A. providing a quieter on road and partially off-road route r area in the vicinity of the proposed development sites A1Furthermore, access to the Leeds – Liverpool Canal p o RISHTON o that has the potential to be a key route for journeys l except for the SAPPI sites which is situated close to the towpath is located approximately 100m south of the WHITEBIRK C a from the SAPPI, Gib Lane and Pleasington Lake sites.INDUSTRIAL Rishton n local cycle route along Livesey Branch Road and the On this basis it is considered that there is scope station. Whilst this is not designated as part of the local a J7 ROE LEE ESTATE Station l Blackburn Canal. to improve the offer for cyclists within the study or national cycle network along this section, it provides DEVELOPMENT SITE area, with the proposed developments providing an a segregated alternative to the on-road routes available National Cycle Route (NCR) 6 passes along Tower Road, opportunity to bring the enhancements forward as part for connectivity to the west and east. of the phasing of each scheme. This is discussed in more FURTHERGATE approximately 300m north of Cherry Tree station. PHASE 2 - detail in the following section. WHALLEY NEW ROAD IMPERIAL MILL M65 JUNCTION 6 DEVELOPMENT SITE NCR6 is around 390 miles long and runs from London For trips originating from the new access points DEVELOPMENT SITE BUSINESS PARK At 90 acres this is the largest future J6 employment site in Lancashire. ACCRINGTON to Kendal, passing through towns and cities including onto Livesey Branch Road as part of the Gib Lane The site has immediate access from Watford, Luton, Sheffield, Manchester, Blackburn and One of the main trip generators identified for the area 6 Junction 6 (Whitebirk Roundabout) and is Cherry Tree station which is located at the north of FORMER the western boundary abuts the urban Lancaster . No national cycle routes directly connect MARKET SITE 4 area of Blackburn the development sites to the south with Cherry Tree the study area, bound by Green Lane to the east and CATHEDRAL Blackburn Accrington the A674 Preston Old Road to the north. Blackburn QUARTER Bus Station FURTHERGATE Station station. Billinge Wood College PHASE 1 - DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEW DEVELOPMENT PLOTS FORMER WAVES SITE D Analysis indicates that the development sites were ST PETER’S QUARTER Blackburn Station In terms of the general cycling conditions within the Witton FRECKLETON ST within a 3.5 – 5km distance of Cherry Tree Station. It Country Youth study area, there is a sporadic provision of cycling Park THE WRANGLINGS Zone infrastructure. These include advisory cycle lanes, is therefore considered that direct, desirable routes EMPLOYMENT SITE between the development sites and the station could GRIFFIN advanced stop lines at signal-controlled junctions, and DEVELOPMENT ROCKCLIFFE MILL a bus and cycle gate on the A666 Bolton Road at the lead to an increase in cycling trips for the area. SITE WITTON junction with Branch Road. It was noted during site BUSINESS EVOLUTION PARK, SHADSWORTH RD observations that the carriageway marking conditions Green Lane and Beechwood Drive / Cherry Tree Lane PARK ALASKA ST HASLINGDEN RD DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT SITE Cherry Tree 1 SITE were often in a poor state of repair. offer the most direct on-road route to the Gib Lane Station Mill Hill Station PLOT C, and Bank Hey development sites. Green Lane is a SHADSWORTH Recent efforts to address this sporadic provision for designated local on road cyclePRESTON route. Some of the latter WATERSIDE EMPLOYMENT SITE Pleasington EWOOD - HASLINGDEN RD 3 route is however, traffic-free between Beechwood Drive Station cyclists include the implementation of the Weavers NEW DEVELOPMENT BLACKAMOOR RD Wheel cycle network. This is a 26km route encircling and Cherry Tree Lane via the canal bridge. PLOTS DEVELOPMENT SITE LAND BETWEEN Ewood Blackburn town centre, and has been funded through GIB LANE & HEYS LANE Park the Lancashire Local Enterprise Partnership, delivering SAPPI 2 J5 Travelling from Cherry Tree station to the Green Lane WEAVERS WHEEL a strategic cycle network for Blackburn with Darwen DEVELOPMENT SITE PREMIER WAY, / Livesey Branch Road junction involves negotiating a WALKER PARK and forming part of the wider East Lancashire Strategic Lee pronounced incline which may be a barrier tods Luse by FISHMOOR DRIVE ive HEYS LANE Cycle network. rpo H DEVELOPMENT SITE 1 6 WEAVERS WHEEL - SPOKES cyclists travelling southbound. olCanal GIB LANE DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT SITE FORMER LOWER SITE DARWEN PAPER MILL J3 J4 A1 H WEAVERS WHEEL - SPURS

JOHNSON RD, Excerpt from BwDBC Weavers Wheel Route Map for South West Blackburn COMMERCIAL WAY WATERSIDE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT SITES

DARWEN CHAPELS PARK - NEW DEVELOPMENT PLOTS C HOLLINS GROVE BWD DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT SITE HOLDEN FOLD OPPORTUNITY SITES DEVELOPMENT SITE

SHOREY BANK EXTRA CARE EAST DARWEN EMPLOYMENT ALLOCATIONS SCHEME DEVELOPMENT CORRIDOR DARWEN Darwen Station B CRANBERRY LANE MANCHESTER DEVELOPMENT SITE, DARWEN

POLE LANE 2

Off Road Cycle Provision Designated On Road Cycle Provision On Road Cycle Provision 1000m N West Blackburn 2.4 Public Transport Routes

This section summarises the existing public transport has been assessed in-line with the CIHT document services that have been made available in the vicinity ‘Planning for Public Transport in Developments (1999)’ of the development sites. It presents the existing public which recommends a walking distance of up to 400m transport routes, locations of the bus stops and train to bus waiting facilities from new developments, which station as well as frequency of services and duration of is equivalent to a five minute walk based on an average the journeys to typical destinations of the regional and walking speed of 4.8km / hr during a Tuesday morning national transport network. AM peak (07:00-09:00). This has been applied to all sites within the study area (isochrones on the plan Bus Travel opposite) and multiple bus stop locations and routes As seen on the plan opposite a number of bus services are accessible from the majority of the development operate in the vicinity of the study area, serving the sites. Blackburn area. These services also provide connections to wider destinations including Clitheroe and Bury. The table below summarises these bus services, which are Rail Travel provided by The Blackburn Bus Company. There are three railway stations situated in the vicinity of the proposed development: Mill Hill, Cherry Tree and Pleasington. The stations are managed by Northern and Bus travel is a flexible and adaptable form of belong to Route 9, which is a route connecting Colne – public transport, without the constraints of fixed Manchester Victoria – Blackburn – Preston – Blackpool track infrastructure and with lower operating and North and Blackpool South. The services operate with a infrastructure costs. one hour service frequency.

Analysis of the accessibility of each of the proposed The key regional destinations and average journey development sites by public transport has been duration from Cherry Tree Station local to the study undertaken using TRACC. Public transport accessibility area are presented in the table below. Cherry Tree Station

Route Route Frequency Destination Frequency (approximate) Average Duration of a Journey No. Mon-Fri Sat Sun Blackburn Every 60 mins 10 mins 1 Blackburn - Ewood – Earcroft – Every 7-8 mins from Every 25 mins from Every 30 min Preston Every 60 mins 20 mins Darwen – Egerton - Astley Bridge 05:30 until 18:32 06:16 until 23:22 from 08:00 until Manchester Victoria Every 60 mins 1 h 30 mins - Bolton then every 30 min 22:32 until 23:22 Blackpool North Every 60 mins 50 mins 4 Blackburn – Mill Hill – Green Lane Every 30 mins from Every 30 mins from No Service Blackpool South Every 60 mins 1 h 10 mins – Leyburn Road - Green Lane - 05:50 until 19:45 07:15 until 19:45 Preston Every 60 mins 20 mins Mill Hill – Blackburn 24 Blackburn – Ewood – Feniscowles Every 60 mins from Every 60 mins from Every 60 mins Regional Railway Network Destinations and Average Journey Durations - Abbey Village – Brinscal - Chor- 05:57 until 22:53 07:17 until 22:53 from 09:28 until ley 19:51 152 Burnley - Altham Business Park Every 30 mins from Every 60 mins from Every 60 mins - Clayton-Le-Moors – Rishton – 05:25 until 2028 then 0538 until 0758 from 09:18 until Blackburn – Feniscowles - Preston every 60 mins until then every 30 mins 21:11 22:28 until 20:41 and then every 60 mins until 22:41 Local Bus Services (Source: www.lancashirebus.co.uk) 2

7 Destination Frequency (approximate) Average Duration of a Journey Blackburn Every 60 mins 10 mins Preston Every 60 mins 20 mins Manchester Victoria Every 60 mins 1 h 30 mins Blackpool North Every 60 mins 50 mins Blackpool South Every 60 mins 1 h 10 mins 4 Preston Every 60 mins 20 mins

24A Bus Route (Chorley to Blackburn) 24 Bus Route (Blackburn to Chorley) 152 Bus Route (Blackburn to Altham) 4 Bus Route (Blackburn to Darwen) 1 Bus Route (Blackburn to Bolton) 1000m N 3.0

DETAILED TRIP APPRAISAL West Blackburn 3.0 Introduction

The following section considers each of the individual development sites identified previously. The key trip attractors have been considered and mapped for each site to allow interrogation to show any obvious gaps in provision of routes to access.

The sites have been considered for their accessibility, by both bike and on foot, to a number of key services locally, including, but not limited to:

• Local Rail Connections • Local Schools • Blackburn Town Centre • Local Public Amenity Space Cherry Tree Station Witton Park • Local Bus Routes • Local Shops Blackburn Town Centre St Bedes Roman Catholic high School • Local Community Services

Feniscowles Hall Pleasington Priory West Blackburn 3.1 Former SAPPI Mill Development Site

Former SAPPI Mill Development Site 9 10

8 7

3 2 1 5 6

450 units

9 30 units

Route Trip Attractor Mode Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Weavers Way W 500ft 2mins 2 Bus Stop W/B 200ft 1min Route 4/4A/125 BwD Town centre link with Preston/Chorley via Cherry Tree and Mills Hill station Feniscowles & Pleasington Sports & Social 3 W 0.3mile 5mins Club Route Trip Attractor Mode Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination C 0.3mile 2mins 1 Cherry Tree station and Bus Stop W-T/B 0.4miles 4 mins Town Centre Preston to Blackburn Train and bus link 4 Feniscowles Primary School W 0.3mile 5mins W=Walk C-T/B 0.4miles <1min C 0.3mile 2mins B=Bus 2 Witton Park Arena W 0.4miles 8mins 5 Bus Stop W/B <100ft <1min Route 4 BwD Town centre link viaMills Hill station C=Cycle C 0.4miles 2 mins OW= Off 6 W 0.1mile 3mins Oyster & Otter road walk 3 Witton Park High School W 0.7miles 14mins W=Walk OC=off C 0.7miles 4mins B=Bus C 0.1mile <1min road cycle 4 Witton Inn W 0.7miles 14mins C=Cycle 26km route encircling Blackburn Town Centre, spurs link key employment loca- OW= Off 7 OW 0.6mile 12mins C 0.7miles 4mins Weavers Wheel tions *=approx road walk OC 0.6mile 3mins OC=off 5 W 0.9miles 19mins 8 St Paul’s RC Primary School W 0.5miles 9mins Griffin Park Primary School road cycle C 0.5miles 2mins 6 St Peters RC Primary W 0.9miles 17mins *=approx 9 Cherry Tree train station W 1.4miles 27mins 7 St Bede’s RC High School W 0.6miles 13mins OW 1.2miles 23mins C 0.6miles 5mins OC 1.2miles 6mins W=Walk; B=Bus;C=Cycle;OW=Off road walk; OC=Off 8 Tesco Express W 0.9miles 19mins 10 Pleasington train station W 0.7miles 15mins road cycle; *=approx C 0.9miles 7mins C 0.7miles 5 mins 9 Witton Park W 0.5miles 8mins C 0.5miles 2mins West Blackburn 3.3 Gib Lane

9 8

6 5

2 3

4 1 890 units

Route Trip Attractor Mode Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Witton Weavers Way OW <0.1mile <1min Witton Weavers Way 4 linked circular walking routes OC <0.1mile <1min 2 Bus Stop W <0.1mile <1min Route 4 Bwd Town centre link with Preston/Chorley via Cherry Tree and Mills Hill station 3 Tesco Express W 0.2miles 5mins C 0.2miles <2min W=Walk 4 Oyster & Otter W 0.6miles 12mins B=Bus C 0.6miles 4mins C=Cycle OW= Off 5 W 0.3miles 7mins St Bede’s Roman Catholic High School road walk OC=off C 0.3miles 3mins road cycle 6 Meadowhead Junior School W 0.6miles 12mins *=approx 7 Meadowhead Community Infact School W 0.7miles 14mins 26km route encircling Blackburn Town Centre, spurs link key employment loca- 8 W-OW 0.6miles 13mins Weavers Wheel Weavers Wheel tions W=Walk; B=Bus;C=Cycle;OW=Off road walk; OC=Off C-OC 0.6miles 6mins road cycle; *=approx 9 Cherry Tree Station W-T 0.7miles 14mins C-T 0.7miles 6mins West Blackburn 3.4 Brokenstone Road/Pleasington Lakes

8 7 6

4 3

2 450 units 1 Route Trip Attractor Mode Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Witton Weavers Way OW <0.1mile <1min Witton Weavers Way 4 linked circular walking routes Route Trip Attractor Mode Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination OC <0.1mile <1min 1 Witton Weavers Way OW <0.1mile <1min Witton Weavers Way 4 linked circular walking routes 2 Little Acorns Nursery W 0.2miles 5 mins OC <0.1mile <1min 3 Oyster & Otter W 0.5/0.7miles 11/16mins 2 Bus Stop W <0.1mile <1min Route 4 Bwd Town centre link with Preston/Chorley via Cherry Tree and Mills Hill station 4 Bus Stop W 0.5/0.7miles 11/16mins Route 4 Bwd Town centre link with Preston/Chorley via Cherry Tree and Mills Hill station B=Bus 3 Tesco Express W 0.2miles 5mins 5 Tesco Express W 1.1/1.2miles 23/27mins C=Cycle C 0.2miles <2min W=Walk OW= Off C 1.1/1.2miles 9/12mins 4 Oyster & Otter W 0.6miles 12mins B=Bus road walk C 0.6miles 4mins C=Cycle OC=off 6 W 0.9miles 20mins OW= Off St Bedes RC High School road cycle 5 W 0.3miles 7mins St Bede’s Roman Catholic High School road walk C 0.9miles 11mins *=approx OC=off 1.3/1.4 C 0.3miles 3mins 7 W-OW 28/31mins road cycle Weavers Way miles 1.3/1.4 26km route encircling Blackburn Town Centre, spurs link key employment loca- 6 Meadowhead Junior School W 0.6miles 12mins *=approx C-OC 13/15mins miles tions 7 Meadowhead Community Infact School W 0.7miles 14mins 8 Meadowhead Junior School W 1.1miles 25mins 26km route encircling Blackburn Town Centre, spurs link key employment loca- 8 W-OW 0.6miles 13mins Weavers Wheel Weavers Wheel tions C 1.1miles 12mins C-OC 0.6miles 6mins W=Walk; B=Bus;C=Cycle;OW=Off road walk; OC=Off 9 Meadowhead Infant School W 1.2miles 28mins C 1.2miles 13mins 9 Cherry Tree Station W-T 0.7miles 14mins road cycle; *=approx 10 Cherry Tree Train Station W-T 1.3miles 30mins Blrackburn-Preston linking to wider train network. C-T 0.7miles 6mins C-T 1.3miles 14mins West Blackburn 3.5 Former Eclipse Mill Site

1 4 7 52 units 2

ID Trip Attractor Mode Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 St Pauls RC Primary School/Bus Stop W 0.2miles 5mins Route 4/4A/125 Bwd Town centre link with Preston/Chorley via Cherry Tree and Mills Hill station 2 Feniscowles Primary School W 0.3miles 7mins Feniscowles & Pleasington sports & Social 3 W 0.6miles 12mins Club C 0.6miles 4mins B=Bus 4 Weavers Wheel W-OW 0.6miles 11mins C=Cycle 26km route encircling Blackburn Town Centre, spurs link key employment loca- OW= Off C-OC 0.6miles 3mins tions road walk OC=off 5 W 0.8miles 15mins Little Acorns Nursery road cycle 6 Cherry Tree Station W-T 1mile 19mins Blackburn-Preston linking to wider train network. *=approx W=Walk; B=Bus;C=Cycle;OW=Off road walk; OC=Off C-T 1mile 5mins 7 ST Bede’s Roman Catholic High School W 1.5miles 26/29mins road cycle; *=approx C 1.5miles 6/9mins West Blackburn 3.6 Parklands Way

7 6 5

1 2 110 units

3 4

ID Trip Attractor Mode Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Bus Stop W-B <0.1mile <1min Route 4 Bwd Town centre link with Preston/Chorley via Cherry Tree and Mills Hill station 2 Local Shops W 0.3miles 3mins ID Trip Attractor Mode Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination C 0.3miles <1min 1 St Pauls RC Primary School/Bus Stop W 0.2miles 5mins Route 4/4A/125 Bwd Town centre link with Preston/Chorley via Cherry Tree and Mills Hill station 3 Eden School W 0.5miles 10mins B=Bus 2 Feniscowles Primary School W 0.3miles 7mins C 0.5miles 3mins C=Cycle Feniscowles & Pleasington sports & Social OW= Off 3 W 0.6miles 12mins 4 W 0.9miles 18mins Club The Redeemer CofE Primary School road walk OC=off C 0.6miles 4mins B=Bus C 0.9miles 6mins 4 Weavers Wheel W-OW 0.6miles 11mins C=Cycle road cycle 26km route encircling Blackburn Town Centre, spurs link key employment loca- OW= Off 5 Coop/local shops W 0.4miles 8mins *=approx C-OC 0.6miles 3mins tions road walk C 0.4miles 3mins OC=off 6 Ewood Park W 1mile 22mins 5 W 0.8miles 15mins Little Acorns Nursery road cycle C 1mile 9mins 6 Cherry Tree Station W-T 1mile 19mins Blackburn-Preston linking to wider train network. *=approx 7 Meadowhead Junior School W 0.3miles 7mins C-T 1mile 5mins W=Walk; B=Bus;C=Cycle;OW=Off road walk; OC=Off 8 Meadowhead Infant School W 0.5miles 12mins 7 ST Bede’s Roman Catholic High School W 1.5miles 26/29mins road cycle; *=approx 9 Weavers Wheel W-OW 0.7miles 15mins C 1.5miles 6/9mins 26km route encircling Blackburn Town Centre, spurs link key employment loca- 0.7miles C-OC 7mins tions West Blackburn 3.5 Bank Hey

5 6

3 1 2

650 units

ID Trip Attractor Mode Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Eden School W <1mile 2mins C <1mile <1mins 2 The Redeemer CE Primary School W <1mile 2mins 3 BP local shop/ Bus stop W-B 0.6-0.8miles 13/17mins Route 1 Blackburn to Darwern bus link B=Bus C 0.6-0.8miles 5mins C=Cycle OW= Off 4 W 0.3miles 8mins Local shops/Bus stop Route 4 Bwd Town centre link with Preston/Chorley via Cherry Tree and Mills Hill station road walk OC=off C 0.3miles 4mins road cycle 5 Ewood Park W 0.7miles 15mins *=approx C 0.7miles 7mins 6 Coop W 0.7miles 15mins C 0.7miles 7mins 26km route encircling Blackburn Town Centre, spurs link key employment loca- 7 W-OW 0.9miles 22mins W=Walk; B=Bus;C=Cycle;OW=Off road walk; OC=Off Weavers Wheel tions road cycle; *=approx C-OC 0.9miles 9mins 8 Mill Hill Station W 1/1.3miles 24/29mins Blackburn-Preston linking to wider train network. C 1/1.3miles 11/13mins West Blackburn 3.8 Summary

This section has provided a desktop appraisal of the In terms of cycling, it is considered that whilst much existing conditions for pedestrians and cyclists within of the study area is within a desirable cycling distance, the study area. It has purely considered the existing improvements would be required to improve the routes in terms of the quantity and location to allow accessibility of the sites to local employment sites the development of the subsequent section of this to the north and east and to provide direct, cohesive report that will consider their quality on an individual connections to existing national and local routes. basis. A large proportion of the North West and areas within Desktop accessibility analysis has been used to West Yorkshire and Greater Manchester are currently provide a visual presentation of the theoretical level of accessible by public transport from the majority of the accessibility of walking and cycling journeys from key development sites. developments within the study area. The more rural nature of the Pleasington Lakes site This desktop analysis has highlighted shortcomings in means that it is not currently well served by existing the existing distances and journey times from these public transport routes. The introduction of a potential sites against relevant guidance for desirable walking circular bus service to link the site to wider public and cycling distances. In addition to this, the PRoW transport opportunities will be considered in future network and local and national cycling routes have sections of this document. The inclusion of this been considered and presented to demonstrate key additional potential service is likely to result in a public existing links within the study area. transport accessibility for the Pleasington Lakes site which is akin to the surrounding sites, and illustrates The accessibility analysis indicates that all of the the potential for increased levels public transport proposed development sites are within theoretical accessibility in the area. walking distance of a range of local amenities and bus stops. It was however noted that some of the routes to the development sites do not currently facilitate trips within a reasonable walking distance of these amenities, or to the nearby rail stations. Consequently, ID Trip Attractor Mode Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination it is considered that each site has the potential to offer 1 Eden School W <1mile 2mins a genuine opportunity for walking trips particularly to C <1mile <1mins local schools, shops and other amenities within the 2 The Redeemer CE Primary School W <1mile 2mins study area. 3 BP local shop/ Bus stop W-B 0.6-0.8miles 13/17mins Route 1 Blackburn to Darwern bus link B=Bus C 0.6-0.8miles 5mins C=Cycle OW= Off 4 W 0.3miles 8mins Local shops/Bus stop Route 4 Bwd Town centre link with Preston/Chorley via Cherry Tree and Mills Hill station road walk OC=off C 0.3miles 4mins road cycle 5 Ewood Park W 0.7miles 15mins *=approx C 0.7miles 7mins 6 Coop W 0.7miles 15mins C 0.7miles 7mins 26km route encircling Blackburn Town Centre, spurs link key employment loca- 7 W-OW 0.9miles 22mins Weavers Wheel tions C-OC 0.9miles 9mins 8 Mill Hill Station W 1/1.3miles 24/29mins Blackburn-Preston linking to wider train network. C 1/1.3miles 11/13mins Leeds - Liverpool Canal Route 4.0

DETAILED ROUTE REVIEW West Blackburn 4.1 Introduction

The following section builds upon the desktop analysis Each of these criteria have been split into several sub undertaken within section 3. In Summer 2019, sections to aid scoring. These criteria have all been XX XX members of our team undertook detailed assessment graded between 0 (Red - poor quality) to 2 (green - of all the routes identified in section 3. high quality). A combination score of all these criteria provides us with an over all grade for the route, marked All routes were walked, photographed and graded using out of a possible 26 points. the template opposite allowing us to evaluate the Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) quality of both the cycling and walking provision in the Total score: Connections Connections area. This information is combined with the statistical 0-10 Red (low quality) information in the previous section to create a ‘real 11-16 Amber (requires improvement) Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion world’ assessment of the connectivity in the area. Way finding Cohesion Way finding 17-26 Green (high quality) Distance Distance The quality scoring, when considered alongside a routes importance, allows us to identify key areas for future The summary of all these results have been mapped Gradients Gradients Directness improvement that will have the greatest impact on graphically on remaining pages within this section and Directness pedestrian connectivity for the area. These conclusions have been separated into both pedestrian and cycle connectivity. Speed differences Speed differences and suggested improvements will be outlined in section on shared surface on shared surface Safety 5 of this document. Complex Safety Complex Conclusions and suggested improvements will be design/layout design/layout considered further within section 5 of this document. The scoring has been separated into 5 key areas: Surface quality Surface quality

Effective width Effective width 1. Cohesion without conflict without conflict 2. Directness 3. Safety Comfort Way finding Comfort Way finding 4. Comfort Accessibility Accessibility 5. Attractiveness Social safety Social safety and perceived and perceived vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street clutter clutter

Street Furniture Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking

Audit Score Total Audit Score Total BR1 BR2 West Blackburn

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Broken Stone Road Connections X Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding X Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance X Distance X

Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 1

Speed differences Speed differences BR4 on shared surface 1 on shared surface 2

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout X design/layout 2

Surface quality 1 Surface quality X

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Effective width Effective width without conflict X without conflict 1 BR6 Connections 1 Comfort Way finding 0 Comfort Way finding X Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 1 Accessibility 0 Accessibility X Distance X Social safety Social safety and perceived and perceived 0 X Narrow crossing Gradients vulnerability vulnerability Directness 0 Minimise street Minimise street on bridge clutter 0 clutter X Speed differences on shared surface 2 Street Furniture Street Furniture Attractiveness Attractiveness BR5 0 0 Safety Complex design/layout 2 Audit Score Total 3 Audit Score Total 8 Surface quality X

Effective width without conflict 1

BR3 No pedestrian BR5 Comfort Way finding X BR6 footpath Accessibility X BR4 Social safety and perceived X BR2 vulnerability Minimise street Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) clutter X Connections Connections Connections X 2 Street Furniture 2 BR3 Attractiveness 0 Continuity and Continuity and Continuity and

Cohesion Way finding Cohesion Way finding Cohesion Way finding 0 2 Audit Score Total 7 2 Distance 0 Distance 2 Distance 2 BR1 Gradients Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2 Directness 2

Speed differences Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 0 on shared surface 2 on shared surface 1

Safety Complex Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 0 design/layout 2 design/layout 2

Surface quality 0 Small Sign Surface quality 2 Surface quality 1

Effective width Effective width Effective width without conflict 0 without conflict 2 without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 0 Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 0

Accessibility 0 Accessibility 2 Accessibility 1

Social safety Social safety Social safety and perceived 0 and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street Minimise street clutter 0 clutter 1 clutter 1

Street Furniture Street Furniture Street Furniture Attractiveness 0 Attractiveness 1 Attractiveness 1 Audit Score Total 2 Audit Score Total 23 Audit Score Total 19 BR1 BR3 West Blackburn

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Broken Stone Road Connections 1 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and

Cohesion Way finding 0 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 1 Distance 1 No formal Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2 cycle path

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 1 on shared surface 0

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 0 design/layout 0

Surface quality 1 Surface quality 2

Effective width Effective width without conflict 0 without conflict 0 BR6

Comfort Way finding 0 Comfort Way finding 0 No formal Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 cycle path Social safety Social safety Narrow crossing and perceived 0 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability on bridge Minimise street Minimise street clutter 0 clutter 1 BR5 Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 0 parking 0 Audit Score Total 7 Audit Score Total 10

BR4 BR5 BR6

Large distance to public transport BR4 BR2 Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 1 Connections 2 Continuity and BR3 Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 1 Distance 1 Distance 2 BR1 Gradients Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2 Directness 2

Speed differences Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 0 on shared surface 1 on shared surface 1

Safety Complex Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 0 design/layout 1 design/layout 2

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2

Effective width Effective width Effective width without conflict 0 without conflict 2 without conflict 1

Comfort Way finding 0 Comfort Way finding Comfort Way finding 1 No dedicated pedestrian 1 footpath connected to site Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Accessibility 2 Social safety Social safety Social safety and perceived 1 and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1 clutter 1

Secure cycle Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 0 parking 1 parking X Audit Score Total 10 Audit Score Total 17 Audit Score Total 19 SP1 SP2 West Blackburn

Former SAPPI Mills Site Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 0 Cohesion Way finding 2

Distance 0 Distance 2

Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 2

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 0 on shared surface 1

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 0 design/layout 2

Surface quality 0 Surface quality 1

Effective width Effective width without conflict X without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 0

Accessibility 0 Accessibility 1 Social safety Social safety and perceived 1 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability SP3 Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1 SP2 Street Furniture Street Furniture SP1 Attractiveness 1 Attractiveness 1 Audit Score Total 7 Audit Score Total 19

SP4

SP3 SP4 SP5

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green)

SP5 Connections 1 Connections 2 Connections 0 Continuity and Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 1 Distance 1 Distance 1

Gradients Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2 Directness 0

Speed differences Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface on shared surface 2 on shared surface Off-road route

Safety Complex Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 2 design/layout 2

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2 Surface quality 1

Effective width Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2 without conflict 2 Comfort Comfort Comfort Way finding 0 Way finding 1 Way finding 0

Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Social safety Social safety Social safety and perceived 0 and perceived 1 and perceived 0 vulnerability vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street Minimise street clutter 0 clutter 1 clutter 0 Street Furniture Street Furniture Street Furniture Attractiveness 0 Attractiveness 0 Attractiveness 0 Audit Score Total 12 Audit Score Total 18 Audit Score Total 8 SP1 SP2 West Blackburn

Former SAPPI Mills Site Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 2

Continuity and Continuity and

Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 0 Distance 2

Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 2

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 0 on shared surface 1

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 0 design/layout 2

Surface quality 1 Surface quality 2

Effective width Effective width without conflict 0 without conflict 1

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 1 Accessibility 2

Social safety Social safety and perceived 1 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability SP3 Minimise street 1 Minimise street 1 SP2 clutter clutter Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness SP1 parking 0 parking X Audit Score Total 8 Audit Score Total 19 SP4

SP3 SP4 SP5

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) SP5 Connections 2 Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and Continuity and

Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 1 Distance 1 Distance 0

Gradients Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2 Directness 1

Speed differences 2 Speed differences 2 Speed differences 1 Off-road route on shared surface on shared surface on shared surface

Safety Complex Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 2 design/layout 2

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2 Surface quality 0

Effective width Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2 without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Social safety Social safety Social safety and perceived 1 and perceived 1 and perceived 0 vulnerability vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1 clutter 0

Secure cycle Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 0 parking 0 parking 0 Audit Score Total 18 Audit Score Total 18 Audit Score Total 11 West Blackburn GL1 Gib Lane

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 0 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 0

Distance 0

Gradients Directness 0

Speed differences on shared surface

Safety Complex design/layout 0

Surface quality 0

Effective width without conflict 0 GL1 GL2 Comfort Way finding 0

Accessibility 0

Social safety and perceived X vulnerability Minimise street clutter 0

Street Furniture GL3 Attractiveness 0 Audit Score Total 0

GL2 GL3

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 2

Distance 0 Distance 2

Gradients Gradients Directness 0 Directness 2

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 1 on shared surface 2

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 2

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2

Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 0 Accessibility 2

Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1

Street Furniture Street Furniture Attractiveness 0 Attractiveness 1 Audit Score Total 13 Audit Score Total 23 West Blackburn GL1 Gib Lane

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 0 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 0

Distance 0

Gradients Directness 1

Speed differences on shared surface 0

Safety Complex design/layout 0

Surface quality 1

Effective width without conflict 0 GL1 GL2 Comfort Way finding 0

Accessibility 0 Social safety and perceived X vulnerability Minimise street clutter 0

Secure cycle Attractiveness GL3 parking 0 Audit Score Total 2 GL2 GL3

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 2 Distance 1

Gradients Gradients Directness 0 Directness 2

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 1 on shared surface 1

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 1

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2

Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 1

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1

Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 0 parking 1 Audit Score Total 15 Audit Score Total 16 West Blackburn Former Eclipse Mill Site

EM1

EM2

EM1 EM2 EM3

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2 Connections 2 EM3 Continuity and Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 2 Cohesion Way finding 2 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 2 Distance 2 Distance 1

Gradients Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2 Directness 2

Speed differences Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 1 on shared surface 1 on shared surface 0

Safety Complex Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 2 design/layout 2

Surface quality 1 Surface quality 1 Surface quality 1

Effective width Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2 without conflict 1

Comfort Way finding 0 Comfort Way finding 0 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1

Social safety Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1 clutter 1

Street Furniture Street Furniture Street Furniture Attractiveness 1 Attractiveness 1 Attractiveness 0 Audit Score Total 19 Audit Score Total 19 Audit Score Total 15 West Blackburn Former Eclipse Mill Site

EM1

EM2

EM1 EM2 EM3

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2 Connections 2 EM3 Continuity and Continuity and Continuity and

Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 0

Distance 2 Distance 2 Distance 2

Gradients Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2 Directness 2

Speed differences Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 1 on shared surface 1 on shared surface 2

Safety Complex Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 2 design/layout 1

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2

Effective width Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 1 without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 2 Accessibility 2 Accessibility 2

Secure cycle Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness Attractiveness parking X parking X parking 0 Audit Score Total 19 Audit Score Total 19 Audit Score Total 19 West Blackburn Land at Tower Road

TR1 TR2

TR1

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 2 Cohesion Way finding 2

Distance 2 Distance 2

Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2

Speed differences Speed differences TR4 on shared surface 1 on shared surface 1

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 2

TR2 Surface quality 2 Surface quality 1 TR3 Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 0 TR3 TR4 Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1

Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street clutter 2 Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) clutter 1 Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green)

Street Furniture Street Furniture Attractiveness 0 Connections 1 Attractiveness 1 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and Audit Score Total Audit Score Total 20 Cohesion Way finding 1 19 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 0 Distance 1

Gradients Gradients Directness 0 Directness 1

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 1 on shared surface 1

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 1

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 1

Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 1

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 0 Accessibility 0

Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1

Street Furniture Street Furniture Attractiveness 0 Attractiveness 0 Audit Score Total 13 Audit Score Total 12 West Blackburn Land at Tower Road

TR1 TR2

TR1

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2

Continuity and Continuity and

Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 2 Distance 2

Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2

Speed differences Speed differences TR4 on shared surface 1 on shared surface 1

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 2

TR2 Surface quality 1 Surface quality 2 TR3 Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 1

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1 TR3 TR4 Accessibility 2 Accessibility 2

Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street 1 Minimise street 1 clutter Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) clutter Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green)

Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Connections Attractiveness Connections parking 0 1 parking X 1 Continuity and Continuity and Audit Score Total Audit Score Total 17 Cohesion Way finding 1 19 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 2 Distance 1

Gradients Gradients Directness 0 Directness 1

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 1 on shared surface 1

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 1

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 1

Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 0

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 1 Accessibility 0 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1

Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 0 parking 0 Audit Score Total 15 Audit Score Total 10 BH1 West Blackburn

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Bank Hey Connections 2 Continuity and

Cohesion Way finding 2

Distance 1

Gradients Directness 1

Speed differences on shared surface 1

Safety Complex design/layout 1

Surface quality 1

Effective width without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 1 BH1 Social safety and perceived 2 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 1

Street Furniture Attractiveness 0 Audit Score Total 16 BH2 BH3

BH2

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 2 Cohesion Way finding 2

Distance 2 Distance 1

Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 1 BH3

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 1 on shared surface 2

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 2

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2

Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street clutter 2 clutter 1

Street Furniture Street Furniture Attractiveness 0 Attractiveness 0 Audit Score Total 21 Audit Score Total 19 BH1 West Blackburn Bank Hey Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1

Continuity and

Cohesion Way finding 0

Distance 2

Gradients Directness 2

Speed differences on shared surface 1

Safety Complex design/layout 0

Surface quality 2

Effective width without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 1 BH1 Social safety and perceived 2 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 1

Secure cycle Attractiveness parking 0 Audit Score Total 15 BH2 BH3

BH2

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 0 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 2 Distance 2

Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 1 BH3

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 2 on shared surface 2

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 2

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2

Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 2 Accessibility 2 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1

Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 0 parking 0 Audit Score Total 19 Audit Score Total 19 PW1 PW2 West Blackburn Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Parklands Way Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and

Cohesion Way finding 2 Cohesion Way finding 2

Distance 1 Distance 2

Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 2

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 1 on shared surface 2

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 2

Surface quality 1 Surface quality 2

Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 1 Accessibility 2 PW1 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1

Street Furniture Street Furniture Attractiveness 0 Attractiveness 1 PW2 Audit Score Total 16 Audit Score Total 23 PW3

PW3 PW4

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and PW4 Cohesion Way finding 2 Cohesion Way finding 2

Distance 1 Distance 1

Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 1

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 1 on shared surface 2

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 2

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2

Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1

Street Furniture Street Furniture Attractiveness 0 Attractiveness 0 Audit Score Total 17 Audit Score Total 19 PW1 PW2 West Blackburn

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Parklands Way Connections 1 Connections 1

Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 0 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 2 Distance 1

Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 1 on shared surface 1

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 0 design/layout 1

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2

Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 1

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 PW1 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1

Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 0 parking 1 PW2 Audit Score Total 15 Audit Score Total 16 PW3

PW3 PW4

Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green)

Connections Connections 2 2 PW4 Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 2 Cohesion Way finding 1

Distance 2 Distance 2

Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 1

Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface 1 on shared surface 2

Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 0 design/layout 2

Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2

Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2

Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1

Accessibility 2 Accessibility 2 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise street Minimise street clutter 1 clutter 1

Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 0 parking 0 Audit Score Total 19 Audit Score Total 19 5.0

SUMMARY & CONCLUSIONS West Blackburn 5.1 Summary and Conclusions

The following section outlines conclusions and period. These should be considered along main routes It is understood that the station is currently unmanned. • Improvements to existing on-road cycle lanes, Suggested improvements to the routes assessed in particularly along Livesey Branch Road and Broken Consequently, and whilst CCTV is in place, it is including re-surfacing. Addition of new on-road section 4. Stone Road, which separate the major development recommended that this encompasses any parking to cycle lanes where possible; sites (Pleasington Lakes, Gib Lane, and Bank Hey) from encourage user confidence in security. the north and east of the study area. • Introduce measures to discourage on-road Where the route has been assessed as amber or red pavement parking along the busier roads; Key Issues: (0-10 low quality or 10-16 requires improvement), it It is recommended that cycling infrastructure is • Open up access, via creating easier access points has been highlighted on the diagrams overleaf. For the incorporated into the design of future road schemes • Low quality of surfacing and obstacles blocking and removing obstacles, such as gates/walls; purposes of these diagrams, both pedestrian and cycle and development sites layouts as far as possible to tie entrances creating accessibility issues; routes have been displayed separately. into existing national and local cycle routes. This could • Management of vegetation along routes to avoid • Conflict between cars and cycles where the cycle include incorporating cycling facilities into the design encroachment onto footpaths and roads and lanes are poorly maintained or non existent and of future junction upgrades and or providing shared increase perceived social safety; It should be noted though that when comparing the where cars are parked on the road, causing footway/ cycle routes and/or segregated routes within pedestrian vs cycle many of the results are in the same obstacles for the cyclists; the design of phases of the proposed developments. • The addition of signage at entrances to off-road category and many of the routes overlap with routes of routes. other development sites. • Narrow footpaths/ no footpaths along roads; There is an absence of cycle routes at the south of the • Inclusion of a new bus loop to better serve the study area. It is considered that the Broken Stone Road • Poor Signage in places; proposed developments in the eastern section of Suggested improvements have been mapped development offers an opportunity to dedicate a new the study area; graphically. Due to the overlapping of routes, this • No lighting to some of the footpaths that are not cycle route, with supporting infrastructure, between diagram, focuses on specific areas of improvement adjacent to the highway; the west and east of the study area. • Ensure the inclusion of dedicated footpaths throughout the development site routes, rather than within key development sites, such as Gibb Lane; looking at each route individually. • Some well vegetated areas, for example adjacent One of the key trip attractors for the proposed to the River, which create dark environments • Inclusion of lighting on certain key footpath development is Cherry Tree Station to the north of the with little natural surveillance, creating a high As many of the improvements benefit both pedestrians routes, such as river settings to encourage these study area. For the most part, immediate pedestrian perceived vulnerability; and and cycles, improvement suggestions have been routes to be used more frequently, especially connections to the station are currently poor. The combined. in winter months. development of the Gib lane site will improve this • Some footpaths through fields or down tracks with greatly, whilst also increasing demand at the station. no, or poor, surfacing and very limited signage. • Improve facilities at Cherry Tree Station, including T he review of existing pedestrian conditions Whilst pedestrian connections are poor, there are bike storage, CCTV and changing facilities and highlighted areas where there was a clear absence of several key cycle routes that connect the proposed Key improvements: pedestrian footbridge. high quality pedestrian infrastructure. In particular, development sites with the station. Whilst the routes along the sections of Heys Lane and Gib Lane where themselves can benefit from improvement as discussed • Improvement of road crossings and introduction they adjoin Broken Stone Road, it is considered that the later in this section, the facilities at the station must of new crossing points where appropriate; developments in the vicinity of these locations should also be improved to cater for the potential increase in be required to implement measures to overcome these users. • Opportunities for small-scale housing barriers to pedestrian movements. development to encourage natural surveillance, however in some cases this may have already No dedicated cycle parking facilities were noted at the been implemented due to sites in construction It is also highlighted that the proposed developments station. An improved supply of secure, covered cycle at the time. within the study area will greatly increase traffic flows parking facilities would be required if the station is to along key routes, combining these with the likelihood be promoted as a key travel method for residents in the • Improvements to surfacing, including widening of increased pedestrian trips from the proposed area. At present, the Broken Stone Road development pavements and re-surfacing; developments means the need for pedestrian crossing is too far to walk to Cherry tree station, yet could should be subject to review throughout the plan realistically be accessed by bike. • Demarcation and segregation of cycles and pedestrians in lanes, on off-road footpaths; West Blackburn 5.2 Red & Amber Routes - Pedestrian

This route (GL1) has been given the lowest score of the assessment and has been marked as ‘critical’ for social safetly and perceived vulnerability

These routes (Broken Stone Road BR2, BR3 and BR4) are located within the Gibb Lane Development Site West Blackburn 5.3 Red & Amber Routes - Cycling

This route (GL1) has been given the lowest score of the assessment and has been marked as ‘critical’ for social safetly and perceived vulnerability

These routes (Broken Stone Road BR2, BR3 and BR4) are located within the Gibb Lane Development Site West Blackburn 5.4 Key Issues

At the back of houses and along open green space and school, Low sense of safety, due to low sense of safety, difficult way-finding and low surface quality. routes location along the canal No formal cycle path results in some conflict. Bollards block entrance here, causing accessibility issues. (GL1) and through industrial area. No No secure cycle parking available (BR6). footpath and narrow road along bridge, steep entrance to river reduces accessibility. (TR4) Parked cars cluttering the southern part of the route increase conflict. Reduced sense of safety along bridge and to the north of the route. (PW1) Narrow crossing on bridge results in some conflict between cars and cyclists. (BR6) Steep gradient, some on street parking clutter. (GL2) Narrow paving at roundabout junction, Some street clutter along road. (PW2) increases conflict. (SP2)

No formal cycle path results in some conflict. No secure cycle parking available (BR6). Narrow riverside footpath, however this leads to a reduced sense of safety. (SP3)

Entrances to footpaths from roads lack signage and make way-finding harder. Complex route with no secure cycle parking. (BH1)

Issues with accessibility Lower sense of safety due to through woodland and poor thick vegetation either side continuity and way-finding. of the road, at this location. Narrow footpaths along roads (SP2) and poor surface quality leads to an increased risk of No pedestrian footpaths along narrow lane and low sense of safety conflict. (SP1) along southern section of route, however a new development is No dedicated pedestrian footpath being constructed at this section which could help increase sense connecting Broken Stone Road to its of safety, as the route would be overlooked. (BR4) surroundings. Lack of way-finding and a low sense of social safety. (BR1 and BR3) Accessibility issues at style into field. Poor surface Road is narrow, pedestrian and cycle quality as route runs through field. Way-finding is proviosn must be incorporated into difficult and due to not being overlooked, there is developments on either side Off-road route along river with a low surface a low sense of safety. (BR2) quality and due to not being overlooked, has a low perceived sense of social safety. Steep gradients through woodland along river. (SP5) West Blackburn 5.5 Suggested Improvements Please refer to Appendix A for more information on proposals.

Road Crossing Improvements / CHERRY TREE STATION Introduction of An improved supply of secure, covered cycle Crossing Points parking facilities would be required if the station 4 is to be promoted as a key travel method for 3 Development residents in the area 6 5 for Natural Surveillance Surface 1 Improvements 5 Introduction of 2 6 Segregated Cycle 17 7 and Pedestrian Lanes 8 16 15 Cycle Lane 13 Improvements / Introduction of on Road Cycle Lane 14 10 18 Discourage On- Street Parking

Open up Access 9 Vegetation 11 Management 11 Signage Improvement 12 BROKEN STONE ROAD Pedestrian & Improvements to both pedestrian and cycle Cycle connections routes will have to be incorporated into the incorporated proposed developments either side of the within new carriageway, due to the existing road width. developments

Potential new bus connection

Improved Lighting

Surface Improvements Appendix Summary Table A

Please refer to section 5.3 for reference locations and illustrative diagram of proposals.

Ref Location Key Issue Suggested Improvement 1 North end of Preston Old Road No formal cycle path results in some conflict. No secure cycle parking available Cycle Lane Improvements / Introduction of on Road Cycle Lane

2 Footpath between Livesey Branch Road and Nook At the back of houses and along open green space and school, low sense of safety, difficult way- Improved surfacing and lighting Terrace finding and low surface quality. Bollards block entrance here, causing accessibility issues. 3 Canal footpath between Green Lane and Shorrock "Low sense of safety, due to routes location along the canal and through industrial area. No Improved lighting. Little improvement possible for accessibility issues Lane footpath and narrow road along bridge, steep entrance to river reduces accessibility. 4 Cherry Tree Station Future uses An improved supply of secure, covered cycle parking facilities would be required if the station is to be promoted as a key travel method for residents in the area 5 Kings Bridge Street/Queens Terrace Parked cars cluttering the southern part of the route increase conflict. Reduced sense of safety Development for Natural Surveillance and improved lighting and discouraging parking along bridge and to the north of the route. 6 Green Lane Steep gradient, some on street parking clutter. Steep access to canal path. Discourage on street parking. Gradient improvements not possible. Create a more accessible canal path entrance. 7 Livesey Branch Road No formal cycle path results in some conflict. No secure cycle parking available Introduction of cycle lanes

8 Footpath parallel to Parklands Way. Linking Livesey Entrances to footpaths from roads lack signage and make way-finding harder. Complex route with Improved lighting and signage Branch Road with Brookway and Parklands Way no secure cycle parking. 9 Gib Lane No pedestrian footpaths along narrow lane and low sense of safety along southern section of route, Improved surfacing and layout and introduction of development for natural surveillance however a new development is being constructed at this section which could help increase sense of safety, as the route would be overlooked. 10 Green Space at Broken stone Road Accessibility issues at style into field. Poor surface quality as route runs through field. Way-finding is Improvements to both pedestrian and cycle routes will have to be incorporated into the proposed difficult and due to not being overlooked, there is a low sense of safety. developments either side of the carriageway, due to the existing road width. Improved lighting and surfaces, open up access. 11 Stockclough Lane and Broken stone Road No dedicated pedestrian footpath connecting Broken Stone Road to its surroundings. Lack of way- Improved lighting, signage improvement. Pedestrian and cycle provision should be incorporated into finding and a low sense of social safety. Road is narrow increasing conflict. developments on either side 12 Along the canal near River Roddlesworth Off-road route along canal with a low surface quality and due to not being overlooked, has a low "Vegetation management and lighting. Introduction of perceived sense of social safety. Steep gradients through woodland along river. Single footpath for Segregated Cycle and Pedestrian Lanes" cycle and pedestrians increases conflict. 13 Footpath between Preston Old Road and Enoch Brow Issues with accessibility through woodland and poor continuity and way-finding. Narrow footpaths Open up route, surface improvements, introduce signage and vegetation management along roads and poor surface quality leads to an increased risk of conflict. 14 Livesey Branch Road near junction with Moorland Ave Lower sense of safety due to thick vegetation either side of the road, at this location. Vegetation management

15 Along Canal through urban area Narrow riverside footpath leads to a reduced sense of safety and accessibility. Not overlooked Improved lighting. Little improvement possible for accessibility issues increases sense of vulnerability 16 Junction of Preston Old Road and Livesey Branch Narrow paving at roundabout junction, increases conflict. Improved road crossings Road 17 Footpath across the River linking Beechwood Drive Narrow crossing on bridge results in some conflict between pedestrians and cyclists. Wooded and Improved lighting. Path does not look wide enough for segregated lanes, so possibly warning signage and Cherry Tree Lane not overlooked increases sense of vulnerability. 18 Jack Walker Way near The Redeemer Primary School Parked cars cluttering the road. Discourage on street parking and encourage new bus route.