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Extracted from the digital edition of Scholastic, http://www.archives.nd.edu/Scholastic/, on April 22, 2015. Volume 26, Issue 31, April 22, 1893. See page 519, Law Department Notes gaged more in the completion of the temple of state than in adorning the shrines of Minerva with literary trophies; for a people's cultivation and appreciation of literature is gradual. It is dependant, to a great extent, on the environ­ ments; and certainly the surroundings of an infant nation seldom contribute to the advance­ ment of literary branches. Yet our country from the day of its birth fostered an educational system that, no doubt, best answered the unset­ tled condition of its people. No class received Dedicated to the JFotld's Columbian Exposition. the undivided attention of the state. Citizen­ ship gave its holders equal rights before her BY M. A. QUINLAN, 93. laws. The education of the masses was recog­ nized as a necessity for the welfare of the nation; HOU, parliament of arts that thrill the world and after the horizon of state had been cleared And wake to wonderment the toil-bound years, of the dark clouds of oppression and the _»_ Why hast thou o'er thy palaces unfurled ^' The kindred colors of two hemispheres? thunder of a Revolution, the sunshine of culture What silent spirit reigns within thy breast? burst forth on a restrained but fertile field. The What lofty purpose guides thy artful hand? essay and novel were sought. They were read What grace hast'thou to win at thy behest with much profit. The poem began to receive The boastful pageantry of every land ? due attention. Each nation strives to make thee Avhat thou art; But the full appreciation of a great poem It lends thee what it has and gives its heart. presupposes an intellectual reader. It requires a Man speaks to man and every soul is stirred. mind capable of deep reflection—one that can" Renewed is life in labor's sweet surcease; easily grasp its philosophy in order to appre­ One spirit moves the world, and lo! are heard The whispered words of universal peace. ciate it in its full significance and beauty. And Behold the races rear their temples grand especially so where a double allegorical mean­ Within whose walls the millions meet and scan ing is involved, "The Idyls of the King" is an The wonders of the earth; there hand clasps hand, example. In this epic King Arthur represents •And reigns, serene, the brotherhood of man. the soul, and, knowing that, we can easily group the qualities of the other characters in the poem. In the "Divine Comedy" of Dante the human, A Book I Love. political and theological meanings are woven

BY RAYjrOND C. LANGAN, 93. together in a triple allegory, and without either an inkling of the poet's intention or object, or a CENTURY ago the es­ keen perception of the poem, the sense is no say was the most popular doiibt an intricate knot to unravel. form of literature in our A poem is a study. If it had a nature it would country. About a score be properly modified by the adjective, reflective. of years later Charles And because of the intellectual properties insep­ Brockden Brown, the arably connected with it, one can but modestly first American novelist, admit that that was the cause of its retarded began his literary career, reception and appreciation in our country. and through him tlie The reading of a good novel or essay is a novel came into fayor. profitable way of spending one's leisure mo­ In those days our poetry was as yet'unsung. ments. Marion Crawford says: "A novel is an Our nation was young. The people were en­ intellectual luxury." But certainly he under- 498 NOTRE DAME- SCHOLASTIC

estimates its worth. It is not restricted to the names are carved on the slabs that designate use of writers of fiction. Wallace's novel " Ben their respective resting-places, he pays a beau­ Hur" has fanned the spark of religion, that lay tiful tribute to Mary Queen of Scots, and a smoldering in the ashy hearts of many who just rebuke to Elizabeth, her cruel oppressor. once believed in the Word of God, into a flame He says: "Two small aisles on each side of of love and reverence for Him who died on this chapel present a touching instance of the Calvary. Economists employ this form of liter­ equality of the grave, which brings down the ature to disseminate their ideas. Philosophers oppressor to a level with the oppressed, and use it as a vehicle through which their tenets mingles the dust of the bitterest enemies may be most quickly and effectually conveyed together. In one is the sepulchre of the to the public. The novel is the most general haughty Elizabeth; in the other is that of her medium of information. It is a correct criterion victim, the lovely and unfortunate Mary. Not of a people's intellectual culture. And, like all an hour in the day but some ejaculation of good prose, it is a public educator. It is read pity is uttered over the latter, mingled with for pleasure and also for intellectual improve­ indignation at her oppressor. The walls of ment. For this reason the novelist and essayist Elizabeth's sepulchre continually echo with the were the most popular literati in our country sighs of sympathy heaved at the grave of her sixty and a score years ago when Washington rival?' This is an example of the pathos and Irving lived. delicacy of sentiment so characteristic of his Irving was an essayist, and from his many style. Throughout his sketches he arouses the works—for he was a versatile writer—I have same tenderness of feeling for those whom he chosen "The Sketch Book" for a short criticism. describes. Whether they be named or unnamed, It is the best known work of a much-neglected he expresses it as effectually. author. But first a few words about his early In "The Wife" we find one of the most life, as the influences of his youthful days are beautiful similes in the English language. It is so marked in his writings. He lived at Sunnj^- as follows: "As the vine, which has long twined side, a beautiful home overlooking the Hudson. its graceful foliage about the oak, and been Beneath his window the waters of the silent, lifted by it into sunshine, will, when the hardy river peacefully glided on, while the lofty plant is rifted by the thunderbolt, cling around summits of the statety Catskills lifted their it with its caressing tendrils and bind up its rugged spires to Heaven as minarets of Nature's shattered boughs, so is it beautifully_ ordered temple. by Providence that woman, who is the mere Of a rambling nature, he often in his boyhood dependent and ornament of man in his happier days strolled among the mountain woodlands, hours, should be his stay and solace when and along the river banks, viewing the beauty smitten with sudden calamity, winding herself spots with a pleasure so characteristic of a boy into the rugged recesses of his nature, tenderly who wanders along, half meditating and half supporting the drooping head and binding up dreaming, not knowing whither he is going, and the broken heart." Such a figure appeals to hardly conscious of what he is doing. In after the heart of the reader. He suggests more years he immortalized these youthful haunts than he can express in words. with his wonderfully clever descriptive pen, Many more beautiful examples of Irving's and made them, together with quaint legends pleasing style might be quoted. But suffice it of Dutch origin, famous in romantic literature. to show his characteristics. "Rip Van Winkle" When about twenty-one his wandering spirit and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" are further evinced itself, and he determined on a interesting and correct descriptions of the life visit to Europe. He spent much time amid the and legends of the early Dutch of New York. garden-spots of the Continent. While there he In the former he treats of their quaint humor met Tom Moore, and a warm friendship sprung and old legends in a simple and pure style. up between Erin's lyricist and America's poetic "Rip Van Winkle" was a hen-pecked husband essayist. who lived at the foot of the Catskill Mountains We next find Irving in England collecting before the Revolution. Every morning, accom­ material for "The Sketch Book." America panied by his faithful dog, he was accustomed furnished him with scenes for description, and to take his gun and ramble over the mountains England provided himvvith historical material under the pretense of hunting, but really for no for expressing pathos: In describing ^yest- other reason than to get out of harm's way. minster Abbey, that great tomb wherein lies On one of his trips he wandered too far from the dust of so many notable personages, whose his home, and night found him still in the moun- NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. 499. tains. He was much frightened, well knowing lack of the lightness of touch that is so popular that his wife awaited his return with no cordial with the writers of our day. It is the quality reception. So he sat down on a rock to console that characterizes Andrew Lang/» Stevenson, himself. Of a sudden he heard a noise like Birrell, and is noticed occasionally in Marion thunder. Looking up he saw several weird Crawford's works, though it cannot justly be creatures playing ninepins. He was much credited to him as one of his distinguishing frightened by the unusual sight. But his fears properties. But Irving can be ireadily excused were soon dispelled by one of the number for this semi-defect of style, for those authors'. beckoning for him to come and join in the pens, after whoni he copied, were heavy with game. He accepted the odd invitation, and the influence of the classics. He did not have during the game he drank several draughts of Newman as a model. the beverage the players had at hand. In a Irving wrote with feeling. Each of his essa;ys short time he became sleepy, and tying his is a gem of American literature. He treated of dog to a small shrub he lay down and was soon nature and of the heart, and he mastered those in the tender embrace of Morpheus. The effect branches as truly as Shakspere did character. of the story is when he awoke. He found his Shakspere's poetic pen drew back the veil that gun rusted, his clothes torn and antiquated, hides the inner workings of the mind and and the bones of his dog dangling from a twenty exposes to view life true and real; his genius foot tree. And, stranger still, when he went cleared our imagination of the clouds that to his home he was recognized only by two or obscured it, and manifested to it nature in the three of the oldest residents. He spoke to the sunlight of appreciation. Irving had a poet's people of King George, and they looked on imagination and delicacy of sentiment, a prose him as a Tory, for their independence had been writer's clearness and strength of style. He is won several years before. The sad condition an author of works well worthy of perusal, and of the old man was all the result of the beverage master of a style deserving of imitation. No that had put him into a twenty years' sleep. wonder Charles Dickens said of him: "Why, I "Rip Van Winkle".is no doubt one of the don't go upstairs to bed two nights out of the most interesting tales in "The Sketch Book." seven without taking Washington Irving under It is rich in humor, written in a clear style and my arm." founded on a weird, fantastic tale of the goblins •-•-•^ of the Catskills. Fin de Siecle. He wrote most of the sketches while in England, but had them published in his native TRANGE is the change that we see! country. The book met with immediate success [^rf? Each year of the century brings, fjs) A promise of hope and of glee, in England, and also in the United States. It AQ^ While each bell in sweet nierrirdent rings. made an immortal name for its author. The Ah! glorious, indeed, are the things paper on "Rural Life in England" forms a That we see on American ground. delightful essay. Its name signifies its char­ Where no record is kept of old kings. acter. "The Broken Heart" is a pathetic tale, In the land that Columbus has found. delineating a woman's tenderness. It is made It's the land of the brave and the free; Where the bird of fair Liberty sings. all the more interesting by narrating the sad And its people are happy to be story of Robert Emmet's betrothed, about whom Under the shade of his wings. Tom Moore wrote these lines: With pride and with pleasure he flings " She's far from, the land where her young hero sleeps. His glance as the great world goes round. And lovers around her are sighing; And respect with fidelity clings But coldly she turns from their gaze, and weeps. To the land that Columbus has found. For her heart in his grave is lying. Our emblems—the hive and the bee! The sound of our industry rings Oh! make her a grave where the sunbeams rest. All over the land and the sea. When they promise a glorious morrow; Here life all its best perfume flings; They'll shine o'er her sleep, like a smile from the west, Here love all her best treasures brings. From her own loved island of sorrow!" By no tyrant's word are we bound. The above is a short resume of the most For the flag of equality swings In the land that Columbus has found. interesting sketches in the work appropriately entitled "The Sketch Book." In it we find the Chicago, come play on your strings. And tell to the earth, by their sound. many admirable qualities of Irving's style. It is That everything beautiful springs clear, easy, humorous and sympathetic. The only From the land that Columbus has found. objection that can be offered to his style is the JOHN KEARNS, '94. • 500 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC.

cunning deception. But of our younger readers Fascinating- Fiction. and lovers of this sentimental, dangerous stuff that passes current as "fascinating fiction," how HE novel," says many scan a book as they would a suspicious Marion Crawford, character? Judging from the freedom and "is an intellectual, boldness writers of this kind of literature artistic luxur)^" generally manifest, when chatting with their It generally car­ readers, one would say that the more dangerous ries with it, we a book is the larger audience it will draw. might add, a pur­ This may at first appear to be a cynical point pose—sometimes of view; but were we intimate with the novelist to educate the whose purpose is to corrupt, we might find this mind and heart fact to be the secret of his success. He has of its reader, more made it his business to get a keen insight into often to deprave human nature, and to understand especially these. According its v/eak points, to which he may make his to the same au­ addresses. Close attention, too, is paid even thor, the purpose- to the expression of his thoughts; and, strange novel is a mistake, to say, his work is seldom wanting in point of an imposition up­ literary merit. The style is generally good, on the reading public; but when we consider the plot sufficiently involved to hold the atten­ what a scanty few of all the novels printing tion of the reader until the poison has been nowadays aim at being merely intellectual thoroughly digested, and there is an assunud treats, it seems the majority of our novelists air of superior intelligence pervading the whole prefer to ignore this observation. It requires book which makes one instinctively pronounce no -little genius, and a great deal of clever the author good company for a leisure hour. talent, to produce an artistic "As You Like Following close at the heels of sensuality in It"; but the average writer, who feels him­ the fascinating novel will generally be found self inspired to theorize upon any social, or the spirit of infidelity. This might have been political question, may find it convenient to expected; for the two seem to have a natural put a few characters astride his favorite hobby, affinity for each other. Many of our readers and then parade this fanciful creation through have become hopelessly muddled in their chase so many leaves of the novel. after truth. They will be satisfied with almost As I have intimatedj' this phantom show any opinion about the "hereafter," provided has ver}'^ often a pernicious influence over the it gives to their mind some stupefying balm mind of the reader. If the author were honest that will allay its present fevered condition. enough to preface his voluminous, work with a An ideal Elysium must be pictured to them, few frank words by way of argument, the which may be found by other means than unwary reader might be able to judge how those conscience-scorching torches, morality ghastly and dangerous a spectre is sometimes and religion. hidden under the two hundred or more pages So the novelist is invited to play the scout. of elucidation which follow. But this scheme, He makes a good one, too, for he has covered while it gives the cream of a genuine, good the ground for himself beforehand. It is usually novel, would also expose the poisonous dregs intimated at the outset, and the hint will contained in a bad one; and for this reason it betimes be repeated, during the chase, that all must be branded as very impracticable by the musty saws of revealed religion must.be laid unscrupulous author and his publisher. aside; for to the author's mind there can be no We live in an age that seems to be wide more delusive by-way. And yet he assures us awake to its besetting dangers. The thief of that our search for truth, though we are wan­ to-day, if he would be successful, must adopt dering -from it, will be well repaid. Thus the latest, improved plan in his art, for sad religion and morality must be given in exchange experience has taught even the innocent to be for a bad purpose-novel. It is evident that this on the alert for.him; the quack in any profession kind of fiction is a down-right imposition; but is very choice in the bait he uses to draw a a good novel, whose aim is tp bring out the lucrative practice; in fact, the shark in every nobler, sentiments and inclinations of its readers line must pose as the.sinner of yesterday, if must be considered.anything but a mistake. he cannot rise far superior to his victim by his , ; • ; W;MCNAMEE,'93.- NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. 501

^ r-

^^jrjnr'KSPERIUM rapide properat vanescere litus, 'HE shores of Spain are quickly growing dim, "^' PlP ^^""^"l^s apparent nebulis natare columnas, •fjc 5^' And Hercules' pillar seem in clouds to swim; p-^^j^ Pallidaque horrendo late micat oceano lux. /T- "5 A pale light gleams across the dreaded deep. Dum tentant socii placidte indulgere quieti, When all his comrades lay them down to sleep, Stat puppive sedens orat vigilatque Columbus. Columbus prays upon the deck alone. Jam trin£e volitant ignota per jequora naves, And sees his vessels fly o'er waves unknown. Nullaque quam cceli nunc obversatur imago. Heaven's image only now appears in view, Undique terrificant nautas immania monstra, When frightful monsters terrify his crew; Paulatim innumeras consumunt corpora curte, Their weary limbs, wth many a care opprest. Debilitatque fames: languescit pectore.virtus. Hunger devours, and courage leaves their breast; Dejectos reditus tandem spes deficit ipsa. E'en hope deserts them on the watery track. -Tunc iegris Patriae facies mcEStissima visa est, And home and country seem to call them back; Qua; lacrimans imoque trahens suspiria corde Their Native land, with many a sigh and tear, ^ Nititur immensas iterum clamare per undas: Cries o'er the waves, and bids her cKildren hear:

" Ouis furor, nati, subito carinas " What madness, sons, has driven your ships Egit? Aut qualis genius deusve Across'the sea in vain? Vo5 sinit ponti temerare gradu What god permits your cursed steps Regna nefando ? To tempt the raging main? " Stop, stop, ye bold! return again "Sistite audaces! Patriamque rursum To where your fathers dwell. Visere Atlantis jubet imperator; For Atlas' Ruler orders thus. Ne brevi cymbas fragiles profundo Or drives your skiffs to hell! Obruat Oreo. "And let your leader long beware - "Nunc-enim vester caveat Columbus Of laying sinful hand Ne, n

Mirantur: nequeunt oculos satiare tuendo: They look, but cannot satiate their eyes. Cantibus et lacrimis naves miscentur ubique. And all the ships are filled with tears and cries! Unanimi ante pedes ducis inspirante pudore Before Columbus then the sailors kneel. Procumbunt flexis genibus veniamque rogantes, And ask his pardon too with reverent zeal. Sublevat ad ccelum palmas oratque Columbus: To heaven he lifts his palms, and thus he prays: " O happy day! the happiest of our days. " Fortunata dies totum memoranda per orbem Forever memorable, dear to time and fame. Oua nomen deceat nos celebrare Dei! And fitted too to celebrate God's name! Salve, terra virens, opibus ditissima, Nostri Hail, verdant land! I bless thy saving sod. Jam Salvatoris, nostra vocanda salus! Already rich in all the gifts of God! Scilicet innumeros vitas hinc, Hispania, fructus O Spain, what fruits of life this land insures Percipies, tantum si pia jura coles. If only right and justice shall be yours! Sin corrupta auro fcedaque cupidine mater, But if the mother grows corrupt with gold Invadent natos vitia cuncta tuos. Her children's crimes forever-shall be told! At major meliorque brevi gens altera surget, A greater, better race shall soon arise Ouse libertatem diliget atque Deum. In love of God and love of Freedom wise. Artibus, ingenio, Aartute, Columbia, crescas, Columbia! peace and virtue on you smile. Aurea florescat pax pietasque simul! May art and genius flourish on your soil! Omnes fraterno populi jungantur amore, May all the peoples join in bonds of love. And both worlds worship the great God above!" Coelestemque colat mundus uterque Patrem!" J. JUST. L. M'CGRISKIN.

The Attractiveness of Science. brilliant prospects which await you as a liter­ ary genius, and bury yourself in a laboratorj?^, BY M. JOSLYN, '93. with foul smells and senseless machines; and what a really troubled expression appears in ITH what a pit­ his face when you inform him that you have i^^ ying smile does decided on burial, and that his words will be of 4//"^ x^' the exalted stu­ no avail to turn you from j'-our course. He dent of litera­ insists, however, upon demonstrating to you ture regard the the advantages of a literary career. Why bind poor, demented yourself, he says, with the heavy and irksome ^classmate, who chains of such a precise and exacting master spends hours in as science, when you are free to soar aloft in the solution of the pure air of literature and art? Surely, he some abstruse adds, no one can view these.two careers, the problem,orwho one strewn with the thorns of disappointment wanders out on and unrequited labor, the other with the roses a cold winter of fame and success; the former presenting night to study only an endless sameness of dusty toil, the the heavenly latter spreading out into green meadows and bodies. The fresh fields, colored with the- flowers of fancy; former gentleman cannot see what difference it surely, it cannot be possible that pleasure-seek- makes to him whether the earth goes around the incj man should choose the former! sun or the sun around the earth, whether a body And his arguments are those of not a few of falls sixteen feet the first second or sixteen the literary students whom one meets. The miles; and how anyone can waste his time attractiveness of science is something which tangling up sines and cosines and versines, and they cannot comprehend. Indeed, when one every other kind of signs, is absolutely beyond comes to consider the matter, why should they? his comprehension. Then, again, out in the There are three ends toward which the human world, how many men one meets who regard soul may be drawn: they are the Good, the science, which they designate "dry facts and True and the Beautiful, These three attractions - figures," as nonsense and a great bore, and practically balance one another in the majority who look upon its votaries as nothing more of mankind who form the men of good common- nor less than cranks. ... sense. In some, however, the idea of goodness With what kind solicitude does your friend grows to be much stronger than the other two, De So-and-so takeiyourrirmrin his and sincerely and they become priests, ministers or philan­ hope that yoii are'not'gbing to t^^ away the thropists; in others, again, the longing for the NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC, 503

Beautiful subordinates all else, and we have There is no end to his work, no limit to his our poets, our artists, our sculptors and our ambition. He never feels, that he has that litterateurs; whilst dominant in a third class is most tiresome of all labors, nothing to do. a great desire to know and possess Truth: these On the contrary, his only regret is that life is men we call scientists. so short, and that he can, consequently, get so The individuals attracted by each of these little done of all that lies before him. And three forces naturally conclude that the one this condition of unceasing toil is unquestion­ which acts with the most energy upon them ably the one which renders man most happy, must be in itself the most powerful. They, which keeps his brain in the most healthy therefore, grow gradually to underestimate the state, and conduces iii every way to his welfare. importance of the other two, and to magnify What greater enjoyment is known to mankind the one toward which they are inclined, until than that resulting from a feeling of duty done, finally they become narrow and prejudiced in of work accomplished? This is the supreme their views with regard to the others. Conse­ joy of the scientist; this it is which makes him quently there is little to be wondered at in the devote himself unsparingly to his vocation, in fact that the students of art and literature find accord with whose power and majesty his whole no attraction in the pursuit of science, and being thrills. He exults in his control over the therefore fail to give it its true value. forces of nature which he has enchained; he But for the man who has once opened the knows that he is a monarch before whom these the grand Book of Nature, and learned thor­ tributary powers must do homage; to whom oughly the alphabet of Science, there is no they must give up their most secret stores of backward step; an irresistible force impels him wealth. Yet even in the midst of his powerful- onward; he has found his mission; duty and ness he is the most humble of men; for with pleasure point in the same direction. He is the growth of knowledge, with the expansion proud of his vocation, and why should he not of the intellect, there is presented more and be? For what equals the glory of the scientist more forcibly to the mind, the infinite greatness in feeling that he did not come into the world of the One who has created all, who knows all; to sing or relate the deeds of others, but to do who "holdeth the universe in His hand." something himself—to hew out the block, not Hence it is that science, which so many stig­ to paint it? matize as leading men away from God and He knows that his life-work will be but as religion, has the very opposite effect. It is, in an earthen brick laid on the slow-rising pyra­ reality, the surest path to a deep and compre­ mid of knowledge; but he knows also that he hensive knowledge of the power and benefit is not alone in his labor; that other men will cence of the Creator, and consequently to a step into his vacant place and continue his toil; fuller appreciation of the duties and obligations that what he has done will cheer their hearts which we owe to Him who is the Author of our and raise them to a higher level, and that finally being. For who can view the perfect order and when the vast work is ended, when its lofty harmony that exists throughout the universe— summit pierces the very confines of heaven, and that ever-present proof of a Supreme Ruler— men attain, in a measure, to the perfection of without drawing nearer to his Maker? knowledge, there will still be near its base a . Thus science is not only of benefit in enabling simple earthen brick, moss-covered and unpre­ man to pass happily and profitably the short- tending, but without which the task could period of his earthjy life, but also prepares him never have been completed. Where in that for the time to come. Hence it is with reason far-off time will be the paintings and the statues that men are-drawn toward science, and believe of to-day? Mouldered and crumbled by the it to be the sovereign remedy for most of the hand of time until no longer recognizable. But ills of humanity. the work of the scientist can never die; his name will probably be forgotten; but the cause of truth must always be indebted to him. So it is that he feels the nobility of his calling; that he is constantly spurred on to greater achieve­ ments in the realms of knowledge. What a field of learning is open to him; his range varying frohi the minutest beings to the most massive works of nature; one might almost say from a molecule to a universe. 504 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC.

the reach of all. In this there lurks great danger. If the public have no high appreciation Pathos in Literature. of a standard author, but prefers to read indis­ criminately, its taste will soon become vitiated, BY ARTHUR V. CORRY, 94. and, correspondingly, its morals will be af­ fected. As it is with the individual so will it be with HERE are in the the nation. We see what an effect this kind of soul of every man reading produced in France in the seventeenth certain chords centur}'; the people, led astr^iy by the writings which are capable of atheists and infidels, set up the cry of of receiving and "Liberty, equality, and fraternity!" and demol­ retaining the most ished all traces of government and religion, delicate feelings. thus fully carrying out the meaning of these In life, when these words as understood by Voltaire, Bolingbroke, chords are set in Rousseau and others. These men all had a vibration by an fascinating style and the faculty of clothing incidental cause, their pernicious doctrines in the most charm­ we enjoy sympa­ ing words! Thus the unthinking people were thetic reflections. gradually weaned from religion and morals. If the keynotes of There would have been a contrary state of these chords are affairs in France had their works been true to J05-0US, we feel merry; if sad, thej^ recall nature. sorrowful days; if humorous, pleasant incidents We are all bound to assimilate a certain are pictured; if pathetic, we will be affected amount of what we read, and to guide our future with a warmth of feeling for everybody. actions in part by the examples of others. The There are times in the lives of men when primary object of literature, like that of history, each of these, in its turn, gratifies an interior ^pathetic, instead of maudlin and vile—is to craving. When we are young, and have had but teach mankind by experience. All men, how­ little experience of the dark side of life, our ever great, acknowledge that their success dispositions naturally tend towards the gay and is mainly due to the influence which some mirthful, and at this time we are also greatly favorite author has exerted upon them. moved bj': the pathetic. Later in life, one looks Shakspere, the most gifted poet that ever more upon the seriousness of human nature, lived, has on this account taken deep root in and, in moments of leisure, prefers to read a the hearts of men. He is best known through book which ridicules the "fads" of the rising his portrayal of the passions and natural generation. When all life's battles have been feelings. His works «ilso contain some of the fought, and we stand on the brink " of that finest examples of pathos in the English lan­ bourne, from whence no traveller returns," we guage. In quoting a passage of this kind most naturally take great pleasure in recounting the of its effect is lost, unless we have been led to days of our youth. sympathize with the subject of the writer. Who thinks that the fleeting time of child­ Nevertheless, there are numerous passages in hood will be so cherished! How vividly boyish his works which of themselves excite pathetic scenes are impressed upon our minds! We long feelings. to live again those days of innocent youth "King Lear" is full of pathos. Take the which were so full of joy. It has been often instance of King Lear immediately after he said of one in old age that he is in his second leaves Goneril's abode. Driven from home by the childhood, and as such is susceptible to the thousand petty annoyances to which she sub­ same feelings as youth. During all these stages jected him, he repaired to his second daughter's pathos is the one quality in literature that home, but found, to his great sorrow, that she moves us. . was as dreadful and as unnatural. He appealed Before the fourteenth century it required to them to allow him a certain reservation of considerable labor to make books, as all the men. To this they not only turned a deaf ear, work had to be done by hand; consequently, but added insult to injury, tauntingly remind­ only the rich were able to have them. But in ing him of his infirmities and helplessness. the last two centuries, the facilities for printing His daughters were not satisfied with allowing have been so increased that books are within him twenty-five retainers, they even begrudged NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. 505

him one, and finally cast him out into the storm describing incidents which have no bearing on where he wanders about, and the subject. It is like taking one to the top of " Bids tlie wind blow the earth into the sea. a mountain that he may see the grandeur of Or swell the curled waters 'bove the main. That things might change or cease." nature, and then build a wall around him, thus excluding the landscape from his vision. The fool accompanies the king in all his Such is not the case with Thackeray. His wanderings, and in his great love for his master style is clear and not strained. The pathos in suggests to him: his works will live always. He depicts the "Good nuncle, in, and ask thy daughter's blessing; death of an old man—Colonel Newcome^n Here's a night pities neither wise men nor fools." the simplest possible language. Who will fail Thus King Lear is again reminded of his to be affected with the sad fate of this man? unnatural daughters and their cruel conduct One who in his early manhood had high aspi­ towards him. He recalls what he did for.them: rations and great success; but Dame Fortune " I tax not you, you elements, with unkindness; stepped in and shattered his hopes. Bankruptcy I never gave you kingdom, call'd you children; You owe me no subscription; then let fall and misfortunes of all kinds overtook him. Your horrible pleasure; here I stand, your slave, Broken in spirit, he sees nothing but uncertainty A poor, infirm, and despised old man." and failure threatening his gray hairs. He enters King Lear was brought to the French camp, the Grey Friars, and gives the remaining years and shortly after recognized his daughter Cor­ of life to thoughts of the future. How well he delia. Lear had cut her off from all inheritance, remembers his last visit to this place! His old and had given her portion to her two sisters. friend Captain Scarsdale is now no more. Time He even refused to dower her in order that passes on and others of the community join that she might make a desirable marriage. He great majority. His time is slowly approaching. thought that now as Cordelia had him in her One day his accustomed seat in the chiapel power, she would probably kill him, judging her is vacant. He lies on his death-bed, his life by the standard of her two sisters. But just the slowly ebbing. The sound of merry voices opposite happened. Cordelia forgave and for­ reaches his ear. It is a half holiday, and.the got all, being only too glad to see her father boys are having a game of cricket on the green. alive. In the battle which followed shortly His whole life is recalled—he joins the boys in after, Cordelia and King Lear were both taken their romps and games. His friends gather prisoners, and by order of Edmund were sent around the bedside. The little gown-boy is no to a castle, whither he dispatched a messenger longer able to please him by his merry ways. to kill Cordelia. The messenger accomplished His mind wanders more and more; he repeats his design, but was killed by the king in the commands in French and Hindoostanee. act. It is really pathetic to see how the king "At the usual evening hour the chapel bell began to was affected by her death. Remorse for having toll, and Thomas Newcome's hands outside the bed treated her so harshly, while the proof of her feebly beat a time. And just as the last bell struck, a peculiar, sweet smile shone over his face, and he lifted" uninterested love fills his whole being. He up his head a little, and quickly said "Adsum "! and fell takes up the lifeless form of Cordelia in his back. It was the word we used at school, when names arms and attempts to revive her; but finding his were called; and lo, he, whose heart was as that of a little child, had answered to his name, and stood in the effor,ts unavailing, gives vent to his feelings: presence of the Master." " Howl, howl, howl, howl!—O you are men of stone; In pathos of the highest sort I may mention, Had I your tongues and eyes I'd use them so too, the deaths of Falstaff and of Cooper's That heaven's vault should crack. She's gone forever! I know when one is dead and when one lives; " Leather Stocking." She's dead as earth." Pathos is not only appropriate in poetry, but is equally effective in prose. Among the novel­ ists, Thackeray has undoubtedly achieved the greatest success in this line. In his novel, "The Newcomes" we find his best examples of pathos, particularly, in the death scene of Colonel Newcome. He does not hamper the force of the pathos by entering into unneces­ sary details, as most authors do. Dickens had this great fault. His "Death of Little Neil" would be true pathos, were it not for this. He XOTRE DAME IX 1SS6. carries us beyond the object of the pathos, So6 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC

short story writing so rich, so varied, or so suc­ Two Sonnets. cessful as with us. In fact, it appears to have become the national form of utterance in the BY THOMAS J. HENNESSY, '94. realms of the imagination. It is quite true that the short stor}' is for most THE DANDELION. writers a desirable flight before they attempt . Up there came a flower bolder excursions into the broad regions of the The people said, a weed.—Tennyson. novel, since manj'- short stories are onh'- imper­ HAT makes vain trifles priceless value bring? fectly developed novels. Like the Ij'-ric, it is a Not use, not beauty, sets their worth so high, little gem ; but only the foolish will take the /• gj/g't) But rather scarcity; is it the die ponderousuess of a book as an assurance of genu­ Stamped on the gold that makes it ring So sweetly in our ears? Would it not fling ine literar3' excellence. As Hawthorne has told Its charms around without this stamp? And why us, there is '' no fountain so small but that heaven Are native flowers despised, while the loud cry ma}' be imaged in its bosom " ; so the short storj'- For dear exotics fill the air of spring? • can bod}- forth that impression of life which after O'er the fields the clouds of April pass, all is ever^'thing that literature'can give us. And! Up springs the dandelion;—its toothed leaves it can do this quite as directly as the longer novel,, Hedge round a slender stalk crowned with a star and sometimes quite as forcibl3^ It is also true Of gold, that twinkles in the emerald grass; that a x^rudent, intellectual workman may well It blooms from smiling spring until the sheaves consider if he be stud3dng a projDer economy of Of Autumn's golden uplands garnered are. his resources when he uses a dozen different mo­

A LESSON FROM FLOWERS. tives in as man}'- stories, instead of making one Full luauy a flower is bom to blu=li unseen, ser\^e for a single story in a dozen chapters. But, Aud waste its sweetness on the desert air.—Gray. taking all into consideration, the short stqr}'-, par HAT time fair spring invests the wood and excellence, has its own virtue, and is not itself an wold expanded anecdote any more than it is an incom­ (9 GTO'J With life, and on the soft air floats the sound plete novel. Of melodies, the streams, till late frost bound By winter's crystal chains forged with the cold, We know that in a well constructed novel, Flow onward babbling, and flowers unfold characters move forward to determination until Their pretty leaves;—the violet is found. they are full}'- developed ; and whatever intricac}'- The daffodil—deep cup of mellow gold of movement there may be, it is the conclusion Throned on a star. And yet as many flowers which justifies the elaboration. But we do not Breathe their brief life away, so sweet so fair. expect this in a short story; we concede that Hid far within the deep recess of woods; space for development is wanting; we accept So rarest virtues bloom in silent bowers, characters made to hand, and ask only that the Where prayer and meditation spice the air. And pure love brightly glows 'neath mantled hoods. occasion of the story shall be adequate. Although the short stor}'-, as we understand it today, seems to be only of recent date and to have reached its perfection within the last twent5'--five The American Short Story. years, still there are no names in the whole range of the brief history of our literature which shine BY JOHN S. SCHOPP, 94. more brightl}'- than Poe's and Hawthorne's, for Poe and Hawthorne were masters of the short I have gathered me a posy of other men's flowers, aud unthiug stor}'- above all else. Where could we find a more .... but the thread that binds is my own.—Montaigne. delightful volume of stories than Hawthorne's *N American literattue—if it may­ "Twice Told Tales" ? The author has chosen be called such, since it is practicallj'^ his themes among the traditions of New England, not more than ^itj jj-ears old—there the dust}'- legends of " the good old Colonial is a peculiar form of expression of times.'' Truly, many quaint and curious customs, special interest to us: it is the short many comic scenes and strange adventures, fit for stor3^ Nothing is more remarkable humorous tale and charming pathetic story, lie all than the power which recent writers about New England: There is no tradition of of .fiction have shown in brinofins: the Rhine nor of the Black Foreist which surpasses out the latent varieties aud the dis­ in beauty and interest that of the " Phantom Ship tinctive flavors of life and character of New Haven" and "The Flying Dutchman- in the different parts of the United States. In no of the Cape." The stor}^ of "The Great Car­ other country, not even in France, is the art of buncle of .the White Motmtaius " shines with no NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. •5P7 less splendor than tliat which illuminated the sub­ of the primal stories; a great picture painted by a terranean palace in Rome, as related by William great artist on a small canvas." "The Spectre of Malmesbury. The characteristic qualit}'- of Bridegroom " and "The Legend of Sleepy Hawthorne's tales is their exceeding beautj- of Hollow" are remarkable tales of their kind, full style. It is clear as running water. Indeed, he of weirdness mingled witK humor. uses words as mere steiDping-stones upon which, with a free and 5'-outhful bound, his spirit crosses THE INNOVATORS. and recrosses the bright and rushing stream of The stories of the three men which we have thought. A calm, thoughtful face seems to be just been considering belong to an anomalous looking at you from ever}- page: now with a period, and should be regarded from the point of pleasant smile, and now with a shade of sadness view of state rather than of time. Though Haw­ stealing over its features. thorne and Poe have attained a high degree of ex­ Edgar Allen Poe is even more remarkable than cellence in the form of literatiure we are studjang, Hawthorne. It was as natural for Poe to con­ 3^et neither of them indicates a new departure from struct stories as to think. His stories naturally established models and precedents. But in due fall into two divisions,—the stories of quasi- course of time, the hour arrived when a fresh mathematical anal3''sis, with flights into the element was to make its appearance. This element horrible, the grotesque and the startling; and the presented itself under several outwardly different purel}'- speculative kind, including the weird, the forms, and can be ascribed to no particular person supernatural and transcendental. Under the or event. The new writers themselves have not, former class belong "The Gold Bug," "The perhaps, taught us much; but, in one way or Purloined Letter," "The Murders of the Rue another, our fiction at least has made marked Morgue," and the famous storj'- of "The Black progress in the last twent3'--iive years. Cat." " The Gold Bug'' is the most striking of Francis Bret Harte ma3' be looked upon as one this series, owing to the wonderful and startling of the first ^ of the Innovators, not so much in ingenuit}'- with which the narrative is constructed. point of time as of his marked influence on this It would be impossible, however, to convej'- an new element. The success of Harte's stories was idea of this species of merit without telling the no doubt due in part to the novelty of the scenes whole stor3^ '' The Murders of the Rue Morgue'' and characters that he described. His first five turns on the interest excited by the investigation or six stories were his best, since they also con­ of circumstantial evidence; the interest being tained the essential elements of everything of sustained wdioll}'' b}'- the nature of the evidence. consequence that he has written later. His In "The Black Cat" he appears to aini at rivalling canvas was as narrow as it was brilliant. It is the fantastic horrors of Hoffman himself; but one difficult to see how the3'- could have been done soon observ'cs that the wild aud terrible invention better, for no word less than genius describes in which he is engaged is strictl}'- in support of an such work as tliis. The more closely we draw abstract idea which it is there to illustrate. the line about his stories, the more clearly do we There are no '' live'' people in his tales; the}'" perceive what his underhdng power has effected. are the mere mechanical hinges on which the He has taken some well defined and t3rpical events turn. And despite the vivid interest of figures, and b3'- the constructive force of his Poe's stories, their strangeness, their impressive- genius has built a California of the imagination, ness, he never succeeds in.imparting the slightest peopled it, and given it a destiny. The Cali­ color to them. They are exquisitety ingenious fornia of his construction has a romantic relation studies in black and white, and that is all. Their to the California of geograph}' and historj'-; the construction is, in many respects, as nearl}'- perfect men and women are images of classes to be found as can be made. This is characteristic of Poe in there, and the life and sentiment are poetic reflec­ two w'a3'S: it shows his critical over-nicety and tions of the real movement. He has annexed a love of accuracy, and it proves how absoluteh'- California to romance as certainly as the Forty- -wanting his tales are in what is called inspira­ Mners and their successors annexed a California tion. to the United States. Washington Irving has also written some well- "The Outcasts of Poker Flat" is one of the known stories, mostl}"- of a romantic character. most effective of his short stories, because of the "The Sketch Book" contains, among others, the grotesque contrast of the group of queer charact world-renowned adventures of "Rip Van ters with a terribly tragical situation. It may Winkle,"—"a stroke of genius," as one of his be read in a few minutes and never forgotten. best critics remarks, "that recreates the world "The Story of a Mine" gives admfrably the and clothes it with the hues of romance. It is one turns and twists of legal possession and dispos- 5o8 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC.

session, in spite of the ineffective conclusion. that he has even surpassed most of his earlier "The Ivuck of Roaring Camp," "Miggles," stories. All who love Mr. James's talent, his sub- "How Santa Claus Came to Simpson's Bar," tiltj'-, his delicate art, cannot but regret to see his "Brown of Calavaras," — these are scarce^ skill spent so irequentlj'' on British subjects. inferior in conception and workmanship. Noth­ The short storj'-, as was said, is for most writers ing in his plots or cliaracters is conventional; iX\&j of fiction a desirable beginning before attempting are pictures of real life collected from all quarters, the longer novel. This ma^'^ be said especially of and one feds that he is living verj'^ hard in the -Frank R. Stockton, who, though a little late in world which Mr. Harte has conjured up. When his arrival, should 5'^et be included among the all- our criticism is expended, and we have made Innovators. Mx. Stockton, more perhaps than any peace with our judgment, we linger to have recent writer, has helped to define the peculiar another look at the graphic, amusing, and novel virtues of the short sXaxy. " His literary'- domain sights which he draws with such surpassing skill. is almost as small as it is fanciful; but he is Thej- have had their effect, not on our literature sole monarch of it," says one of his critics. He onl3'-, but on the human heart. has shown how possible it is to use surprise as an We could scarcely find a greater contrast than effective element; and to make the turn of a stori'-, that between Henrj'- James and Bret Harte, whose rather than the crisis of the plot, accomit foreverj^- stories we have just considered. The difference thing. Take, for example, one of Mr. Stockton's includes not onl3'^ cliaracter, training and circum­ cleverest stories, "The remarkable Wreck of stances, but also literary method and point of the Thomas Hyke." The actual release of the \dew. Yet, we majj- sa}'^ that James is an innova­ imprisoned passengers is not the point towards tor not less than Harte; in fact, his innovations which the sXary moves. The righting of that are more radical, because more deliberate and self- singular vessel is only one of a number of happjr conscious. The apx^earance of "The American" turns, all starting from the original conception of and "Dais}'^ Miller" first brought him into gen­ a vessel with water-tight" compartments, sinking eral notice. A large number of his short stories bows foremost, and held in perpendicular suspen­ have been collected in volumes under various titles. sion. On the other hand, the storj?- of "The It is in these that his progress and development Christmas Wreck" disappoints one, for the are to be traced. After he had acquired some reason that the occasion of the storj^ is inadequate, mastery of the technique of his profession, he and has neither the wit of an amusing situation showed a leaning towards romance in the concep­ nor the surprise of an miexpected ending. It may tion of his stories. be said, in general, that Mr. Stockton does not '' The Madonna of the I^uture " is an example often rel}'^ upon a sudden reversal at the close of a of this; although near reality on one side, it is storj'^ to capture the reader, although he has done on the other imaginative and ideal. But the fine this very happil^^ in " Our Stor3^" He gives us literary taste of James soon warned him that a caprice to enjoy, while working out the details realistic characters should not be compelled to in a succession of amusing turns. cany^ out ah ideal destin5'-. He must either ideal­ To return for a moment to that quality in a ize both chairacters and plot to produce an artistic short sXaxY which Frank Stockton has so admir­ harmon5'-, or he must make the stories realistic ably illustrated in several of his best known throughout. Graduall}'- he turned towards the stories. If immediate wit independent of definite latter course, although the "realism" of his conclusion lead to success, a fine example of characters, the exactness of his descriptions, and combined success exists in "The Ladj'^? or the his*.minute analj^sis of human motives are facts Tiger?" We suspect that the people who have merely incidental. James's real secret lies, then, spent their nights in guessing the riddle of '' The in the character of the narrative which he gives Lad^'^? or the Tiger?" would have wasted their us. The most commonplace subjects are ttuned days in trying to account for the barred entrance into things of beauty by a few touches of the to the enchanted island in the Pacific. As it master's brush. turns out, Mr. Stockton himself had no intention Many a three-voltmie novel fails to give us as of explaining the m^^ster}'- of the island. He in­ .sharp an outline oj^ London societj'', or of the vented it, and he leaves it equall}?^ unexplained. American abroad, as is focused into the vignettes The figures in these stories come forward with so which James called "An International Episode " •charming and innocent a bearing that the reader and "Dais5'^ ^Miller," though we do not quite would be ashamed of himself if he began to doubt agree with his description of the character in the at the outset; for the entire absence of extrava­ latter story. His latest volume of stories, which gance in the manner of the story continues to 3ias .been published within the past year, shows | keep his doubt out of, the way. This low key in NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. 509- which he pitches his stories, this highl}'- reasonable modem life, we would look upon, nature and and simple tone which he adopts, is the secret of man from the ancient point of view. We live much of his success. Real genius is shown in in many and different worlds in reality: we meet the construction of these little stories,—in the and mingle with each other in imagination. reticence, the simplicity and neatness of the work­ We could not find a more striking illustration manship. Stockton has written several excellent of this element of imagination than in the novelettes, but it is upon the short stories of short stories of Thomas B. Aldrich. He is above "The-Ladj'^F-or-the-Tiger?" type that his repu­ all fond of refined, practical jokes, and has tation rests. achieved the unique feat of executing several SHORT STORY WRITERS OF TO-DAY. excellent ones. '' Marj orie Daw," " Ivliss Mehet- We have now come to the writers of to-day : abel's Son" and "Mademoiselle OljTnpe Zab- to the men and women whose efforts in the de­ riski'' are the sketches in which he perfects the partment of literature which we are considering. short story, which he has made his own, if he has Most of these writers are still in the midst of not actually invented it. We have no difficulty their labors; while some have onl}'- of- late come ourselves in choosing " Marj orie Daw " as the best into prominence. Weekl}'- and monthl}'- maga­ of these three. It is singularly well plotted, and zines have increased to such an extent within the told with a liveliness that almost wholly pre- last fifteen or twenty years tdat there are few sen^'es itself from excess. Nay, it amuses the Americans who are not acquainted with at least reader, even while he suspects the conclusion one of them. It is in these magazines that most as unlike the real dose as anj^hing can be. It of the short stories of our writers make" their is written in the form of letters, a fashion so lonsr first appearance. It is said tliat Americans have discontinued in fiction that it -ax^y equalljr well be Ijeen most prolific in the short storj'-: that the^'^ called new ; for, next to dialogue, it is the most have taken it as their province. Patriotism, to dramatic expression of character. It is curious be sure, compels us to blow our national tnmipet to obser^^e .in connection with our own feel­ in many different directions; but in this matter ings towards "Maijorie Daw," that, although patriotism maj'-.be left where I^ady Teazle in one knows her to be only a fictitious person, we "The School for Scandal" desired to leave find it to be intolerable when she proves no person honor. We may rest on our signal merit with­ at all. It is a surprise so fine that it must remain out au}'^ flourish of trumpeis. unmatched, and at the same time contrived with Great numbers of short stories appear everj- such skill that every reader, upon discovering 3'ear, and most of these have attained to a sur­ that there never was any "Marjorie Daw," felt a prisingly high level of merit. On the other hand, pang mingled with a personal regret for. the the increase in the number of really valuable charming creation thus resolved into nothingness. books is comparatively very small. In fact, it "Mademoiselle Zabriski" is a person less to would not be a false estimate to say that one of our taste; but her stor^- is a very prettj^ study for ten thousand will be heard of a centur}'- hence. those who care to see how much may, without To give a complete critical analysis of all the any seeming effort, be made of the slightest mate­ clever short stories written of late, would go far rial. It is but a fable, which, if vulgarlj'- pre­ beyond the limits of this paper. Let us briefl}' sented, might make us laugh; 3'et, b}'Mr. Aid- consider some of the most famous that have rich's masterly art, becomes a living thing. The appeared within the last twenty years. It will surprise with which it ends is qiiite as well exe­ ser^'^e our purpose better to divide them into two cuted as "Maijorie Daw." "IMiss Mehetabdis special groups: (i) the Imaginative and (2) the Son*" though we classed it with the stories just Dialectic. named, is as much a study of character as a story I.—THE IMAGINATIVE GROUP. with a surprise in it, though not so good as the If we may test the value of a nation's litera­ others. After "Maijorie Daw" he has drawn ture in general by the quality of its imagina­ no other figure so deverly as that of the heroine tion, we can rightly say that this element has in "The Oueen of Sheba." This story is more entered as an important factor in the short story. poeticalty imagined than any other he has written, A large part of the charm of works of the im- and it is also the most skilfully wrought. All of maginatiou is evidently due to^the fact that they Aldrich's stories are charming to read, but with­ supply the deficiencies of personal experience. out much to retain them in the memorj'-. Yet, We long for a touch of the unusual; nor do we after all, he is the most polished and finished of forego it because of any suggestion of. the im­ our imaginative short storjj- writers, and has given' us nothing that was not as nearly perfect as his probable. We crave for a ftiU measure of ex­ best efforts could make it. perience, and even in this busy, practical, 5IO NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC,

For purel}'- poetical creations of fanc}'- the stories trusted nurse. Youma was the perfect type of the of Fitz-James O'Brien are remarkable. The}'- beaut}'' of the mixed race. Faithful in her trust, •as3,y be ranked with Poe's and Stockton's in their pure, undefiled, she was almost divine in her heroic imaginativeness. Some of his tales are similar self-denial. The author gives us a vivid picture to Poe's both in conception and st3'le of expres­ of the common incidents of that Coloniallife which sion ; but the W'Orkmanship is not so excellentl}'^ is, to quote his own words, "so full of exotic oddi­ sustained. On the other hand, the}'' are more ties and of unconscious poetr}^'' Youma herself is highh'- colored and emotional, and give us a as grand in her devotion as are his purpling stronger impression of the personal element. oceans, his mountains crowned with violet peaks. The}- also come nearer in touching the heart than With Youma's divided sense of love and dut}^, Poe's weird, unsympathetic stories. The elfin her hope of liberty, her affection for the child who charm and strange fascination of O'Brien's have called her da^ and, finally, her noble determination never been contested. to die with that child rather than to live a craven's Take the "Diamond Lens," for example, which life without it,—the stor}'^ leads to as thrilling and appeared in one of the first numbers of the Ailaniic artistic a climax as anything that recent fiction MontJdy. The longing of a man of science to can show. It is glowing with brilliancy of the penetrate the very mysteries of Nature urges him tropical sun; deeply passionate, and yet elevated to consult the spirit of Leuwenhoek, the father above sensationalism by its remarkable develop­ of microscopy, through a "medium." In the ment of character. The power of Lafcadio Hearn communication he is told to construct a lens out has been shown in all his work; but he has not of a large diamond, and that by this lens he would before written anything at once so powerful and make wonderful discoveries. He secured the so artistic as "Youma." necessar}'^ diamond by murdering its owner, and Julian Hawthorne has also written several short after months and months of patient grinding and stories in the imaginative vein. Of these "The cutting, the lens is ready for use. Having focused Pearl-Shell Necklace" has been the most success­ it upon a drop of water, he discerns in an infinitely ful. It is a mosaic of j)icked phrases of sentences small globule—which has the appearance of a fitted and -well balanced. We are now come to "vast fair}'--like region—a beautiful, living female consider the second group of the stor}''-writers of figure. He falls at once passionately in love with today. the wonderful animula, as he calls it; but finding II.—THE DIALECTIC GROUP. it plainly iuij)0ssible to hold any communication The United States, though luiited, are far from with her, it drives him mad. At the crisis of being homogeneous as regards the character and events, the drop of water gradually evaporates; manners of their people; and often it hapj)ens and as he sees the lovely creature vanishing from that the distinctive flavors of the life and habits his sight, in his frenzy he breaks the lens. The of the inhabitants of one part of the country are appearance of this story was an immediate success. still strange to those of another. A class of Fitz-James O'Brien also wrote "The Wonder- writers has naturally sprung up within the last smith," "The Lost Room," a conception of twenty years who ha-ve with remarkable exactness strange myster}'^; "My Wife's Tempter," and described life in outlying districts to their countr}''- others equally famous. men. Generally speakmg, these writers are also We must also mention the name of Lafcadio natives of that section which they have made Hearn as belonging to this group of writers. He their special province to bring home to us the has been writing only a few years, but his stories manners and dialect of that region. Some of show a highly imaginative and impetuous talent. them make a study of negro life and solecisms, as IMr. Hearn's "Two Years in the French West in the child-like simplicity of the apologue in Indies" has resulted in the production of several "Uncle Remus" of Mr. Harris. Others have remarkable sketches and romances of those tropical studied the patois of tlie New Orleans Creoles, Isles. "Youma" is the „ most characteristic of such as Mr. Cable has given us in his charming these. It is the sad stor}'- of a West Indian slave ; stories; others again, the. provincialisms of the for air novels of slave-days are of necessity sad, as mountaineers of Tennessee and Virginia; or again sad as slaver}'' itself. Youma was the da in a of the Blue-grass Kentuckians. The name Dia­ wealthy Martinique household. In his opening led Stories is perhaps not always fully suggestive chapters iMr. Hearn rehabilitates the extinct da of of these writers, but there is none, -upon the whole, the French West Indies during the old Colonial so comprehensive. It is not our intention to times before the Act of Emancipation was passed. discuss here the intrinsic merits of the dialect She was usually a Creole negress bom a slave, re­ story. Suffice it to say,, that dialect, if employed spected and loved,at once as. a fostermother and a with discretion and discrimination, illuminates NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. Sii character and indi\ddualizes the speaker with Nelson Page. The names of Mr. Harris and Mr. wonderful effect. The South is unmistakably-the Page, for reasons not too clearly ascertained, are most interesting in this group. The personaUty often spoken in the same breath. They both of the South is enough to make it beguiling. treat of the South before the war and since the For Southern qualities, surelj^, are the color, the war. They both have to do with master, and movement, the instinctive grasping at the pictures­ slave, as any man must who chooses such a sub­ que, which make co-mates of Mr. Harris, Mr. Page, ject. In both also is the same strong tendency Mr. Allen and Mr. Johnston. ISTo less Southern, to drama, which is one of the characteristics that also, is the sympathj'- with quick passion or unite the writers of the New South. But here emotion of ever}'- kind which these writers display. resemblance ceases and difference begins. In our Joel Chandler Harris has become famous as the opinion Mr. Page is the more brilliant, the more inventor and introducer of '' Uncle Remus.'' The versatile of the two. '' Meh Lady'' and '' Marse XDublic, highly entertained with the quaintness Cham" are two of Mr. Page's earlier stories, the and queerness of the folklore embodied for the titles themselves being suggestive of their distinc­ first time in "Uncle Remus," soon discovered tive flavors. In "George Washington's I,ast that here was a new kind of literature. Uncle Duel" and "P'laskisTimement" the author holds Remus himself is a plantation darky of the old out to the reader a "beaker full of the warm school, who tells his master's little bo}* wonder­ South.'' The former of these pieces in particular ful and fascinating stories, sings the songs and is excellent comedy, and Mr. Page may be easily: preaches the doctrine of his race, using through­ forgiven a redundancy of characters for the capti­ out the negro dialect in all its purity. The vating presentment of "George Washington." success of these sketches led Mr. Harris to sup­ At first glance, perhaps Mr. Page is the most plement them with "A Raiii}'^ Da}'- with Uncle Southern of the four names mentioned at the Remus" and "Nights with Uncle Remus." All head of this group; but by a strange contradic-. classes of readers, the 5'oung as well as the old, tion, not unknown in literature, one of his best are charmed and delighted b}'^ these incomparable stories is as Northern in feeling as it is in subject. studies. The critics have praised the artistic This little work is '' Elsket.'' He who has read skill and literary genius which make the stories it will forget many other things before the sad and masterpieces in themselves. noble figure of the daughter of Olaf of the Mr. Harris has a clear and distinguishing Mountains passes from his memory. Elsket knowledge of the negro; a knowledge in which is a descendant of the Vikings, who was deserted no other writer has approached him. Whoever by her false English lover. Not only is Elsket wishes to understand the Old South and the ISTew herself a memorable character, but her father, South, the master and the slave, must read Cnut the avenging lover, and Harold the Fair- Harris's studies in black and white. In " Balaam haired who won poor ElskeVs heart, are ad­ and his Master" and "Ananias" we have remark­ mirably drawn. The tale as a whole is told with ably faithful portraits of fine diaracters: portraits a cleverness and individuality that are remark­ of slaves painted honestl}'- and directl}'' by one able. Seldom has the story of a broken heart who fought in the slave-owner's army. Balaam been told with greater pathos or with a restraint following the fortunes of his j'-oung master to more wise. The North has plainly cr}'-stallized prison and death, and Ananias risking both for Mr. Page's talent; for none of his stories at all the fortunes of the old master of whom the approach the excellence and distinction.of "Els­ war had made him free, are alike only in their ket." faithfulness. The}- have personalities of their James Lane Allen, who is of the four writers own, as definite as those of the more-out-of-the- already mentioned, has chosen his domain in way and more sharply drawn "Duncan" and Kentucky. Mr. Page, as we have seen, takes "Mon Bi." Mr: Harris carves in ivory as skil­ up a claim in Virginia; Mr. Harris in Georgia; fully as in ebony; and his white folk are admirably and neither of them, it is to be observed, goes far realized. One of these stories, "A Conscript's away from the war on one side or the other in point Christmas, " is a tale of the mountaineers during of time. Mr. Allen has won his greatest success the war. Mr. Harris has the wholesome optimism in '' Flute and Viohn,'' a story that refers its scene which is one of the most obvious of American of action to a time nearly a hundred years ago. characteristics. In all his work . he has shown The pathos of this carefully constructed and deli­ careful and accurate stud}'-; and above all, the cately fashioned narrative is true. Its interest, power of faithful and delicate characterization of however, or rather its singular-charm, proceeds' his subject. firom the balance and harmony between the flute- Still keeping in the South, we come to Thomas portion and the violin portion; and especially 512 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. from the distinct background, if we ma}'- so speak, Conjured Kitchen " is excellent fooling, and per­ which is given to both characters • and incident. haps as good a piece of work as she has done. None of Mr. Allen's other " Kentuck}^ Tales " is Before returning from the South to other parts like this exquisite little work ; although the evir of the country, there are two more writers in dent care bestowed on each detail of the graceful this section which demand our attention. One of and pathetic studj!- of master and slave, which is these is George W. Cable, and the other Thomas entitled "Two Gentlemen of Kentuck}'^," allies A, Janvier. The study of Creole life in New itself to "Flute aud Violin." Orleans, with its unique social and political con­ Richard Malcolm Johnston, the fourth of this ditions, has furnished the basis of Cable's stories. group, has given us sone charming sketches of It is not possible in a brief sketch like this to Old Dominion life. His Georgia tales are also give an adequate idea of the force and delicacy of verj' curious and interesting. '' Ogeechee Cross Mr. Cable's work; of his close study of Creole Firings," one of his best stories, possesses at character; of his appreciation, remarkable in a once a rich humor aud a delicate perception of Southerner, of the underlying principles involved different shades of character. The storj'- turns in the question of slavery. His rendering of on the enmities, or cro'=s-firings, as Mr. Johnston Creole English is perfect, and once its key is calls them, arising between rival lovers, and found it becomes entirely familiar. Cable's frank which are finally adjusted to the satisfaction of and manly treatment of the peculiar social prob­ the parties concerned. It gives us a faithful lems of his native city has not failed to arouse a picture of Georgia life after the war, together certain feeling of antagonism. This, however, is with the oddities of its bright and dark side. gradually yielding to a recognition of the real Col. R. M. Johnston has told the ^Xory m a stjde drift of his purpose. both simple and refined, which entitles this as The other writer we have mentioned, Thomas well as his other sketches to an indisputable A Janvier, has made a special study of Mexican place in our literature. Speaking of his future life. He has opened a new field where an ancient work, Col. Johnston saj's: " In going back to my civilization is struggling with the modern. His past life and attempting to make a worthy record knowledge of this subject is thorough, and his of the limited provincial life in the midst of which willingness to color highly is very striking. m^"" childhood daj'^s were passed, I have drawn a There are some who might call "St. Mary of the sweet solace for the sadness of 1113'' exile, of being Angels" melodramatic; but there are few, we so far from the old i^laces and old friends. The think, who would not call "San Antonio of the stories are all imaginar}'-, but the^'^ are in harmony Gardens" graceful, refreshing and simple. In with what I have seen and of which I have some­ "The Uncle of an Angel," Mr. Janvier does not times been a part iityself." repeat the triumph of his "Color Studies," but We must not forget to mention here the names he gives us some good light comedy. Added to of Maurice Thompson and Octave Thanet. Mau­ their charm of style, Janvier's stories have the rice ThomiDson, who is the author of some ex- great charm bf variety, his characters ranging quisitety delightful j)oems, as *' S34vaii Secrets,'' from Dutch journeymen bakers to the sons of all has also ventured into the field of the short story. the Biddies. The relationship which exists between He has written some dialect sketches of Georgia the canary fancier and his adopted child in "An plantation life. Among these his recent contri­ Idjd of the East Side," is, perhaps, the most butions to the Ceiiiury Magazine, "Ben and tender and sympathetic piece of work in the line Judas" and "A Duskj' Genius" are worth}'- of of short story-writing which Mr. Janvier has yet consideration. They are fine examples of Mr. done. He has a rare faculty of adapting his style Thompson's delicate sense of humor and his to his subject, and especially happy is he in thorough appreciation and knowledge of the negro catching the tones of alieii nationalities. We may, character. therefore, easily place him in the first rank as a • Octave Thanet, though she is but a sojourner writer of short stories. in the South, has written some ver^'- clever stories of Southerii life. . If tlie^'^ are not so much dialectic The Ainerican short story, however episodic as anal\^tical studies, _ still we ma}'' review them by nature, needs no other nation to assist, its here. Her ' 'Arkansas Tales'' are as fresh as her episodes. Nor does it need the mountains of Ten­ earlier pieces. In '.' Otto the Xnight,'' the titular nessee and Virginia, or the Creole past, although stor}- of her.latest volume, the writer has em­ it scorns none of these. In truth, it takes its ployed all her resources in recdunting the -^strug­ material wherever it finds it. We may remark, gles and remorse of this infant knight of labor, too, that an American must,have an insatiable "this child trying to, sin like a man." "The craving for cosmopolitanism if he cannot satisfy NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. 513

it in this broad country of ours. We have not his knowledge of some sides of life and time to only the dialectic stories, characteristic of the learn the others, and with an apparently absolute warm South, in the writers we have considered, command of natural and convincing dialogiie,— but we have also sketches and studies of life in with all these endowments, what may not Mr. the North, as in New York, Pennsylvania, Davis do in the future ? Indiana and other uorthem states. But we could Elizabeth Stuart Phelps is as familiar a name scarcely call the short story-writers of this section among the short story-writers as Mr. Davis's is ,of the country dialectic, since there is no real, new. Her latest contributions are mostly in the distinct dialect spoken in the North, excepting, same direction as her former work, and emphasize perhaps, the Hoosier dialect of Indiana, as shown the writer's characteristics. Her stories are of a in the novels of Edward Eggleston. The method romantic character, seeking to convey their effects employed by these writers is more analytical, de­ by means of the general drift and situations rather pending, to a great extent, on persuasive dialogue than by the development and analysis of character.' to portray character as distinctly and vividly as In'' The Madonna of the Tubs " and the " Sacrifice possible. We will consider them under this of Antigone," however, the characters and plot • classification as being more comprehensive of are pretty well harmonized. The former of these their work. stories is, of course, not without exaggeration; One of the first that we meet here is Richard but its pathos, its tender and true feeling, are as Harding Davis. Although one of the youngest little to be denied as the lack of form and of among the new-comers, his stories are none the restraint. It is a proof, as well as a pleasure, to less remarkable. His work belongs to the climate find on another reading, after some time, the and condition of New York, and this assertion fisherman's crippled boy no less appealing now may be confidently repeated, although we are than he was formerly. The other chUdren sup­ reminded that "Gallagher" ran his race in and posed that he did not lie because he was a cripple; about Philadelphia; for Mr. Davis has, in fact, and the point not to be forgotten in the story is become a genuine Gothamite. The impression of his earnest wish to be-sure that he heard his having a coiled-up mainspring of youth in mind father speak the comforting words. or heart, or in both, is no mean gift for a writer Probably one would have to go far to find a who addresses the imagination. It is precisely better example of cosmopolitan optimism than this impression that Mr. Davis's stories carry Francis Hopkinsoh Smith's beautiful sketches, with them. This mainspring—if we may con­ exquisite bits of ." landscape with fig^es," tinue to use the figure for a moment—^is the vignettes, as it were, which he has called "A motor of Gallagher's stolen cab, and of all the other Day at I,aguerre's and Other Days." Mr. Smith things in this clever, light-hearted boy's story. is a-skilful painter; he has seen many things, It surpasses everything else that Mr. Davis has coupled with a strange variety of years of expe­ so far written. "Gallagher" is real; he exists, rience. The truth is, he has never lived in .a he is observed, he is somebody; he is another vacuum; his nature abhors it. He has-always addition to our list of acquaintances. While employed his own eyes and.ears. He writes with "Gallagher" strikes one as the most successful sympathy and a high appreciation of color. As to of Mr. Davis's short pieces, there are others his latest short story "A Knight of the Legion of some of which are richer in promise. " Her First Honor,'' which appeared in the Christmas number Appearance" presents a charming stage-child, of The Ceiitury Magazine ior 1S93, we may easily and Van Bibber, in the character of her protector, rank it among the best, of the representative as a full-grown moralist. This staid young American short stories. frequenter of the wings, this excellent youth, (Condnsion next-week.) who goes behind the scenes mainly to lecture his friend, the hero of the comic opera, must have been somewhat irritating to the "profes­ sionals '' with whom he came in contact. It would surely have provoked the Shaksperian among them to repeat Falstaff's question on a memorable occasion: "What doth gravity out of his bed at midnight?" Van Bibber makes answer in "Her First Appearance," to bring iniddle-agedmen of the world to a sense of their duty as fathers. With his power of telling a story which includes a quite unusual tact for rapid movement; with 5H NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC.

I two, or ten years—it is, under Providence, the quiet, steady growth of over one half of a century, based at once upon the experience of

Ifotre Daiue, Aju-il 22, 1893. the Christian ages and the ready tact which could adapt that experience to the needs of a i3u&'ts{)tT) tbrrjj Ssturlisjj Ijurmfl JTtnn Si^finr at W. B. Sntbrrjitr. new and rapidly developing country. Bntered as second-class matter at the Post CflSce, Notre Dame, Ind. Notre Dame-was founded some fifty years ago by the Rev. E.Sorin,then an enthusiastic young Staff. missionary from France.the land of romance and FRED. B. CHUTE, '92; ERN'EST DO BRTJI-, '92; heroism and poetry, of De Bouillon.of Lamartine ROGER B. SIXXOTT, '92; FRED. E. NEEF, '92; TVAJIAR IMONARCH, '93; and Lafayette. In a wretched log hut, among the R. C. LANGAN-, '93; frozen marshes of Indiana and the leafless for­ M. A. QuiNLAN, '93; ALBERT 33. D\CY, '93; J. FITZGERALD, '93; ests of the wilderness, this dreamer lifted up his FROST J. THORNE, '94; Wat. V. JICNAMEE, '94. eyes from the dark present and saw in the future JAMES G. HI:NLEY, '94. H.I,. Femeding-, 1 an edifice that should count among the glories of P. JI. Ragaii, \Speciiil Contributors. J. 51. Flaniiigan.J the New World. He did more than dream. He worked with his own hands, after the fashion of the monks of old, and won the hearts of the set-

Notre Darae.

AR-FAMED though Notre Dame maybe,yet those alone who have visited its enchant­ ing precincts can form an adequate idea of the grand­ eur of its architectural mag­ nificence or of the indescribable beauty of its surroundings. The University, with its Gothic spires and towering dome, surmounted by the colossal statue of the Queen of Heaven, re­ splendent b}^ day in their artistic gilt covering and by night made luminous by the grand crown and crescent of electric stars; the impos­ ing church; the stately pile of buildings which surround the main structure; the spacious JSTOTRE D.\JIE IX 1S43. recreation grounds; the soft shades and inviting tiers until, separate in creed and nationality, walks; the charming lakes and beautiful groves; the hardy woodsmen became one with him in the College park; the gardens, and the farm sympathy and aims. In one of the College fres­ itself—all arranged with an eye to the beautiful coes he is represented, the central figure of a as well as the useful—present a picture attrac­ group of Indians, with the white, untrodden snow tive in itself to the art-loving and the religious; reaching around them. In the University parlor all these, too, combined with the existence of there is a marvellous portrait which seems about well-ordered courses of study and a conscien­ to step from its frame, and which more resem­ tious and kindly care for the morals, the bles the venerable figure we meet to-day; white health and the intellectual advancement of a hair, white beard, kind, dark eyes under heavy numerous body of students, furnish unques­ white brows, and the ready welcome and hearty tionable evidence of the immense advantages hand-shake of the pioneer; these comprise to be found in this spot, favored of Heaven, to many characteristics of the Very Rev. Father further the efforts of the young toward the Sorin, who is the Superior-General of the whole attainment of that complete, mental, moral Order, and the founder and hero of Notre Dame. and physical education which makes.the true And we must not omit to state that the history and perfect man. of Notre Dame's advancement and prosperity And all this greatness is not the work of one, shows how the venerable Founder has been NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. 515 blessed with noble co-workers in the Rev. Fathers Granger, Cointet, Shortis, Gillespie, The Man in the To-wer. Dillon, Corby, Lemonnier and Walsh, together with Bros. Vincent, Francis Xavier, Edward, ITHIN short range of m}^ Tower Lawrence, and other members of the Congre­ I might point out three classes gation of the Holy Cross who left nothing of students who represent the undone to further the interests of Religion and different grades of culture we Science in this favored spot. Not a little of find in the world at large. Our the success and popularity of the institution is modern Polonius, Lord Chester­ attributable to the zeal and energy of profes­ field, by common consent poses sors like O'Leary, Jones, Howard, Tong, Lyons, as patron for one of these schools. Stace, Ivers, Edwards, Egan and others. Under Would you be a devout client, the able and efficient management of its pres­ follow his cold, hypocritical doc­ ent worthy President, the Rev, Father Walsh, trine: "Educate the head alone, for therein Notre Dame has attained a marked degree of lies the secret of all material success." Strange efficiency and world-wide renown which, it is the to say, there are young men within my hearing earnest desire of friends, may it long continue who seem to possess plenty of solid ballast, and to maintain. yet, infatuated by such shallow teaching, allow themselves to be wafted head­ long into infidelity. From the days of Adam that same old machine, experience, has been turning out pitiable specimens of this type. Yes, my dear friends, there are more educated monkeys ex­ tant than the world can accommodate with perches. * School the second is equally unfortunate in its results, with its/r^/d-o"d\y perhaps as numer­ ous. Here we .learn to believe that the education of the heart alone is, or should be, the sole desire of our being. Hither flock dilettanti in the KOTRE DAJIE IX 1S93. sentimental line, to be grad­ May the band of devoted religious, to whose uated as so many inconsistent fanatics. But care and direction all .the workings of this the happy medium—the healthy development home have been entrusted, continue to grow of both head and heart—is what makes a true and flourish, and in the future, as in the past, student and a true man, the noblest work of be a power in the Church and a benefactor to God. It is gratifying to find amid this bewilder­ society! And may the venerable Superior, who ing bustle for advancement not a few young laid the first foundation of this vast structure, men who manage to keep before their mind's and who, during the whole of its career, has eye an ideal aim worthy of earnest endeavor. presided over and directed its destinies with But it is equally disgusting, on the other hand, the perfecting wisdom of advancing years— to be confronted at all times and in all places may he live long in health and strength, and by the " specialist," with his garret full of musty blessed of Heaven to continue, for many years trash, who loves to strut about, prattling some meaningless stuff about culture. to come, the grand and noble work which he inaugurated, and carried on so successfully, and which he has lived to see wonderfully Americans, at home or abroad, are always develop into such vast proportions! Long live conspicuous for a natural independence of Notre Dame, its venerable Founder, and the manner, which is actually refreshing to the weak- noble army of Holy Cross! willed worshippers at the shrines of monarchal 51.6 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC.

deities. We do not believe in the divine right dition clanks his bones over the mosaic floors of kings; but let us hesitate before we jeer at of private homes, and smirks upon humanity our dreamy foreigner who, in our estimation, is at social functions. a few years behind the times. * * The average native of the United States is Our people are not aristocrats. God forbid! free from pretensions; and while we are always Our democracy is too strong for that; but, ready to eulogize our "immortals," and thank certainly, we are working hard to deserve the Providence that we have no erratic little king miserable name of plutocrats. Let us live for to play the demi-god at pleasure, and tax us happiness. That is the natural end of man. for his splendor, let us look around and, perhaps, Riches very seldom afford true pleasure, and there may be a flaw in the immaculate shirt often destroy peace where peace reigned front of our national character. before. ••• *% Yes, there is a blemish, and it is analogous to that of the foreigner; but it is a greater and more despicable weakness. We also are wor­ shippers, and our deity is Mammon. His shrine is so crowded with devotees that late-comers must supplicate at a distance. Our great Jupiter sits upon a throne made of the parched bones of misers, whose minds gloated so long upon their treasure that life's wick burnt out for want of nourishment. Around the shrine there hang, as votive offerings, hearts withered in the dis­ —E. G. Graves, '75, resides at San Antonio, appointed struggle for gold, hearts stained with Texas. crimes that were committed to increase the —Dr. Berteling, '80, continues to make his shining pile, and some hardened like rocks, daily visits. petrified when the light of love and virtue were —^James O'Reilly, '68, has a good law practice shut out. at Reading, Pa. Before the shrine a pool of blood continually —Edward Gerlach, '83, resides at present in flows and enlarges. It is the life stream, coming Columbus, Ohio. from the very pulses of the people, and drained —Leonard McAtee, '88, is doing well in by the sucking,Jife-destroying leech. Mammon. business at Houston, Texas. What a sickening sight! ami yet more awful —Dr. R. J. Gray, a distinguished specialist when we see the army of recruits that are of Chicago, visited the College on Friday. filling up the places made vacant by those who ^Very Rev. Provincial Corby returned on Tuesday evening after a week's absence on an have perished on the shoals ere reaching the official visit to the Houses of the Congregation distant rainbow. The young outnumber the old in Ohio. in the race for "filthy lucre," and I stop to —Anthony O'Reilly, Esq., '68, spent Easter ask myself: "What will be the outcome of this Sunday at the College. He is looking well. He struggle?" is still in the railroad .business with headquar­ Contentment is a blessing fast becoming ters at Chicago. extinct; human nature is hardening, and love's —Joseph D. Murphy, '70, was one of the fire is flickering. Selfishness and shrewdness speakers at a meeting of the Young Men's National Union held in Philadelphia on the are masters now, and it is old-fashioned to be evening of the i8th inst. candid and pilanthropic. , —Mr. Monaghan, of Chicago, lately paid a * * * visit to his two sons of the Minim department. Boys, you may think my remarks are obiter He pronounced the exhibition of the Minim dicfa,hut they have a stronger meaning for you Athletic Club very enjoyable. than for the man of the world. You will soon —Rev. S. Fitte, C.S. C, our genial Professor leave college to begin your life's work, and the of Philosophy, attended Holy Angels' Church, first allurement that will attract you will be Chicago, on Saturday and Sunday, in the absence of the Rev. Dennis A. Tighe, '68, the zealous the shining dome on the temple of Mammon. and efficient Rector. If the influence of this deity was felt only in —Mr. Edward P. Flynn, who has had charge the city marts of trade, the danger would not of the University binding during,the past year, be so imminent; but this gaunt skeleton of per­ has resigned his position and returned to his NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. 517 home, in Kalamazoo, Michigan. Mr. Flynn on the campus again, and several are becoming has the reputation of being one of the best experts in that line. book-binders in this part of the country, and —Rev. President Walsh returned from Chi­ expects to enter the Government printing cago last Monday afternoon, and was warmly office at Washington soon. greeted by the students. —Mr. George Nester, '79, and Miss Rose —Frank denies the statement made last Mary O'Donnell were married on the 19th inst. week, and wishes to say that he has not visited in St. Mary's Church, East Saginaw, Mich.. the stile since April i. Solemn High Mass was sung by the Very Rev. —The members of the boat crews are all Chancellor Loughlin, of the Archdiocese of loud in their praise of the work of the reverend Philadelphia, a relative of the bride. The director in their behalf. nuptial knot was tied by the Rev. R. Van der Heyden, Rector of the church. Among the —LOST—In rear of main building five dol­ friends in attendance was Prof. Edwards of the lars. The finder will please leave at the University. Mr. Nester'and his amiable bride students' office and receive liberal reward. have the congratulations and best wishes of —More interest is manifested in the boat many friends at Notre Dame. crews this year than ever before, and the out­ look for an exciting finish is very promising. —Hon. A. L. Brick, of South Bend, has been lecturing to the members of the Law depart­ ment on "Criminal Law" during the past week. —^Tim wanted to know the relation between a hired girl and her mistress, and one of the law luminaries informed him that she was a(s)sister. —QUERY: Is there any German element in the juke.which vaguely compliments (?) any particular person by saying, "you can't guy him." • . —"Rec." —Magmurph has been doing a good deal of —Colombo! blowing lately. " He is learning to play an alto, —Bellee windee! under the guidance of one of the directors of Poverty Flat. —The beautiful snow. —LOST—^"Between Sorin and Brownson —Who wrote "Lalla Loo"? Halls, a locket, shape of pocket-book, also an —Dan is the boss good boy. umbrella handle, form of "crook." Finder —"I don't want to spoil my shine." please return to the students' oflSce. —Have you engaged your sleigh forSunday? —Ludwig's nine was defeated, for the first —"What were you doing down at the lake?" time, by the Moon-shiners by a score of 17 to 4, —Half-past five is the time. Don't begin be­ Batteries: Ludwig and Brown for the former; Maternes and McPhee for the latter. fore time! —There were none disappointed this time, —"Grip" informs us that in the vicinity of Moundviile the outlook is certainly dull. Landy "Rec" dispelled the doubt. is still captain of the special nine; T. demurely Why should a person hide when the ice­ looks on, apparently in an enviable mood. cream man comes around? —The game of cricket Tuesday afternoon —Col. Wm. L. Hoynes was in Springfield, between Messrs. F. Kilkenny, Corry and Crilly 111., this week on legal business. against Messrs. D. Murphy, Casey and Kintzelle Ed. says the only difference between him­ resulted in a victory for the former by a score self and Tim is a difference of a 'pinion. of 21 to 16. —A new large oil-tank is in process of erec­ —The second nines played their first game tion in the field north of the Infirmary building. Tuesday afternoon, and Captain Brady's Grays It is cruel to keep an Irishman from danc- nine won by a score of 21 to 11. The batteries ina-, while the band discourses*"Sounds from were: "Grays," Brady and Moxley; "Whites," Erin." Kerker and Carter. It looks now as though \ve would-have four —Some say there were five rounds fought, boat races instead of two during Commence­ while others say only one, and that in a five-foot ment week. ring, London prize ring rules. Anyway, their eyes Tom wants to know what he has done that showed that they had met something stronger he should be referred to as a freak at the other than mere light and air. end of the line. —Richard informs us that if you step on a —The annual banquet of the Athletic Asso­ nail without your shoes on you are liable to ciation occurred Thursday evening: a splendid have sore feet for a few days, and also that it repast was served. is colder before six o'clock a. m. than at 12 p. m Bro. Hilarion has the cricket enthusiasts during the summer months. 5iS NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC.

—The second regular meeting of the Brown- Gems of Scotland son Hall Tennis Club was held Wednesday " Die Nachtwandlerin,"—(Violin Solo) Mr. Vignos " Sounds from Erin,"—(Medley Waltz) evening, and N. Graff was admitted to mem­ March—"Guelph," Cope bership. The improvements on the grounds were discussed, and the work will begin at once. —One of the best games of base-ball wit­ nessed so far this season was played on the —"Mac" and Fatty inform us that their Brownson campus Tuesday afternoon, between addresses were impromptu in the "gym "Thurs­ the "Whites" and "Blacks," and some very day evening, and could not understand why brilliant catches were noticed on both sides. the boys ran away, when a little instruction on The following is the the subject they were talking about would be SCORE BY INNINGS:—I 23456789 of special interest to them. WHITES:—o 2300010 1=7 —The second crew of the Evangeline is as • BLACKS:—o 01321001=8 Base Hits: "Blacks," 6; "Whites," 6; Struck out: follows: C. Roby, Coxswain; J. Bauer, Stroke; by Covert, 10; Krembs, 2; O'Neill, 5; Batteries: " Blacks" P. Wellington, No. 5; G. Carter, No. 4; G. Per­ —Krembs, Bauer, O'Neill, and Marckhoff. "Whites," kins, No. 3; W. Moxley, No. 2; F. Rogers, Bow Covert and Flynn. and Captain. They are out once a day, and are —A BIG LOAD.—In the students' office, developing into expert oarsmen. photographs may be seen of the largest load —On Sunday last, the Feast of the Good of logs ever hauled in the world by one team. Shepherd, Ver}'^ Rev. Father GeneraL sent a It is called the World's Fair Load, and was case of oranges to St. Edward's Hall. The transported for exhibition at the Columbian one hundred and thirteen Princes wish the Exposition in Chicago. The logs are each 18 SCHOLASTIC . to be the bearer of their warm feet long, and the whole comprises 36,055 feet thanks to the good Shepherd of Notre Dame. of lumber. The precise dimensions of the load are as follows: Height of load, 33 feet, 3 inches; —^The University Orchestra is now practising weight of logs, 144 tons; hauled on bunks 16 ft. earnestl}- under its enthusiastic leader. Prof. long. Nine flat cars were required to transport Paul, for the reception of Mgr. Satolli, who is the logs to Chicago. The load was hauled by expected some time in May. It is not yet cer­ the estate of Thomas Nester, late of Saginaw, tain, but is suspected that the Band and to the Ontonoga River, on February 26. Orchestra will give a grand musical ensemble on the occasion. :—BASE-BALL:—The base-ball season opened Monday with a game between the "Specials" —^The membership of the boat house has and the South Bend club. The game was one­ increased so largely that second crews are being sided from the beginning. It was reported that organized this week, and the second crew of the visitors would have the crack Michigan the Minnehalia is as follows: Coxswain, N. pitcher, Phelan, in the box, and that our boys Dinkel; Stroke, J. Kearns; No. 5, J. Corcoran; would be compelled to play a hard game in No. 4, E. Krembs; No. 3, C. Patier; No. 2, W. order to win. Mr. Phelan appeared in the box Foster; Bow and Captain T. Quinlan. for the first two innings, and it was noticed —^The six-oared crew of the Minnehaha was that he had what in base-ball circles is known organized this week and have been assigned as a "glass arm," and gave way to Peterson, positions as follows: F. Murphy, stroke; J. who also failed in his endeavor to keep down Kennedy, No. 5; R.Corcoran,No.4; C.McCuddy, the base hits of our boys. The home team No, 3; A. Magnus, No. 2; E. Linehan, bbw and played an errorless game, and the team work E. Roby, captain and coxswain. They have had was excellent. In fact, their playing in the the boat out on the lake during the past week, game gave evidence that Notre Dame will rank and handled it like experts. first among college clubs the coming season. On —Bro. Augustus spent several days in Chi­ account of rain the game was not started until cago recently, and, as usual, returned with 4 o'clock, and only seven innings were played. patterns and samples of spring styles, "fads," The following is the result of the game: and fancies, sufficient to fill vcKlumes. The NOTRE DASIE. ' A.B. R. I.U. s.ii. P.O. A. B. Combe, 1. f., - -' - 5320010 genial Brother \vould seem to grow more enter­ Chassaing, s. s., - - .-5210100 Haimin, sdb., - - - 5310210 prising, if that were possible, as the years go Flaiinigan, 1st b., - - -5010600 by. He has certainly left nothing undone to Covert, 2db., - - -4220220 Keough, r. f., • - - ---4200100 bring our tailor-department up to the level of Dinkel, c. f., - --- 4010200 Funke, p., > - - -4231030 the best metropolitan establishments, and we O'Neill, c, - - - 4200710 are glad to see that his efforts have not met with iriappreciation. Total • • • V 40 16 II I 21 S o SOUTH BEND. . , A.B. R. I.B. S.H. p.o. A. K. —^The following, is the programme of the Bardeeii, c, - - - ' 4 o ' o o 6 i o Phelan, p. and c. f., - -, - 3.00 00 o o concert given by the University band Saturday Dean, J., s. s., . - ' - - - 2000035 Hunger, ist b., _ - - - -3010602 afternoon, Aprir 15,1893: Adams, ^d b, = - . • _-. - '2010500 Burns, 3d b., ' r._- -"-3100001 Overture—^"L'Espoifde L'Alsace,"...... :. .ffertnanti Peterson, c. f. and p., - - 3000013 " Killamey,"...... Orplieus- Club, Mulligan, l.f.,' \ - ': " , . -,' 3 ° 00 i 05 Selection from theOpefa—" Bohemian Girl,"... ..Balfe Dean, H., r. f., .- - - - ' 3 o.: o o bo i ," Non-E Vef,"—(Gomet Solo)...... Mr. A. Coolidge Total...... 'l ...... 25 1 2:0 18 5 17 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC. 519

SCORE BY INNINGS:—i 234567 for the amount, which is ^3,000. Though not NOTRE DAME:—i 61323 *=i6 SOUTH BEND:—O 00 i "o o 0=1 admitting her claim, the officers of the society think that she is more entitled to it than Thorn­ Summary: Dojible Plays—Mulligan, Bardeen to Bun- ger; Sifiick 07(t: byFunke, 7; Phelan, 3; Peterson, 2. ton. The position they take is that the certificate * never became effective as to the choice of a beneficiary of the bounty of the deceased. They LAW DEPARTMENT NOTES. say that as Thornton was not a devisee, legatee The Hon. W. P. Breen, of Fort Wayne, was or relative of Spencer, he cannot make claim a welcome visitor to the members of the law to the money under the law, and that the refer­ class Saturday afternoon, and delivered a short ence to him as payee in the certificate is ultra address on the need of diligence and persever­ vires; and in view of these facts Thornton sues ance to the students of law, and also of the for the money. The court complimented the necessity of a thorough knowledge of common attorneys on their able presentation of the case, law pleadings. and decided it in favor of the plaintiff, citing There is a prospect of a trial by jury of a as authority 120 111. 121, and Niblack Mutual noted forgery case during the coming month. Benefit Societies, 9. In the first case it was Messrs. DuBrul, McFadden and Kelly are the decided that when a person obtains a policy law room faculty this week. on his life of his own accord, and pays the pre­ Col. Hoynes' lectures now are "Real Estate" mium himself, he may, if he desires, make the in the morning and "Common Law Pleadings" policy payable to one who has no insurable in­ in the afternoon. The evening "quiz "is devoted terest in his life, and by so doing no rule of law to cases on "Corporations." or principle of public policy will be violated. The students have all been busy during the The attorneys were Chute and Corcoran for past week writing the decisions of Smith's plaintiff and Sinnott and Kennedy for defen­ Leading Cases in their duty book. dant The questions given out during the past week were a continuation of former ones on commer­ —BAND CONCERT:—The greatest praise ever cial paper. bestowed upon a musical organization at Notre Two new Reporters arrived during the past Dame, since the time of Father Lilly, was week and may now be found on the shelves. accorded in appreciation of the concert given The duty for this week include forms for a by the "University Cornet Band" on Saturday prjEcipe, summons, declaration, plea, replica­ last. The occasion had been eagerly looked tion, trial notice, judgment and execution. forward to by students and Faculty for some MOOT-COURT.—The case before Judge Wm. time past. Hoynes of the Moot-Court, Saturday evening, The Band is always at its best about this was that of John M. Thornton vs. the South time of the year. One of the greatest obstacles Bend Common Friends Association, and the met by the leader of any college organization statement of facts read as follows: The society is that each new scholastic year brings in fresh named as defendant herein was organized and aspirants to membership, while some of the old chartered under the laws of the State of Indiana and tried always depart with it. and leave on the 5th of January, 1883, and is conducted vacant places difficult to fill. Among the noble on the mutual benevolence plan. Each member and patient sufferers of this inconvenience is pays $25 a year, and his family, or legatee, Father Mohun and his "Univer.sity Band." receives when he dies the sum of S3,000. The September generally finds him wiih about from society was organized and chartered, as stated, five.to eight of the old players, and sometimes under a law providing for societies " for the then discovers among them boys who com­ purpose of furnishing life indemnity, or pecu­ menced their playing under him only the niary benefits to the widows, orphans, heirs, or previous year. All these things are difficulties relatives by consanguinity or affinity, devisees which have come unbidden in'92 and'93; but or legatees of deceased members." September partly lose their. discouraging aspect in being 4, 1888, a certificate of membership was duly conquered, and heightening the glory of the issued in the name of the society by its proper present triumph. From the greatest discour­ officers to Thomas B. Spencer. This gentleman agement, however, there may be derived an had some reason for not wishing to make any advantage; and when recruits had been solicited of his relatives beneficiaries, so he had the cer­ among the different departments a very satis­ tificate of membership made payable to a friend factory and auspicious beginning was made. of his named John M.Thornton. It is admitted - But so well equipped was Father Mohun, that Thornton is in no way related to the family, and so enthusiastic and earnest.were the young and was not by consanguinity, affinity or other­ musicians—which is modestly and generously wise a relative of Spencer. November 18, 1892, said by the reverend band-master to have been Spencer died. Thornton then demanded the spontaneous—that a concert was given before amount due on Spencer's certificate of mem­ Christmas to send the students home with light bership, and the association refused to pay it. A hearts. The honest plaudits of interested-friends, sister of the deceased, his nearest living relative, however, did not blind the leader to the fact Margaret Spencer by name, also put in a claim that his boys performed better in the Music 526 NOTRE DAME SCHOLASTIC.

Hall when by themselves than at this their first Roll of Honor. appearance before an audience in Washington SORIN HALL. Hall. Hence he made a successful effort to Messrs. Ahlrichs, Bolton, Brown, Carney, Correll, inspire them with greater confidence, and gave Cummings, Combe, Coady, Crawley, Chute, Dechant, the concert of Feb. 2, enlisting renewed cheers. Flannery, J. Fitzgerald, C. Fitzgerald, Hannin, Kear­ It was then that Father Mohun realized he had ney, Keough, Maurus; Monarch, Mitchell, McCarrick, Ragan, Raney, C. Scherrer, E. Scherrer, Schaack, Sin- the best band that had sounded his instru­ nott, Schopp, Thorn. ments in years. BROWNSON HALL. The organization now consists of twenty-three Messrs. Ansberry,Barton, Beck, Baur, Brennen, Burns, members—^an increase of ten—and has among Brinen, Bennett, Baldwin, C, Corry, A. Corry, Chassaing, Colby, Cooke, Cullen, R. Corcoran, Crilly, J. Corcoran, its players Mr. Chassaing, B flat cornetist, a Chidester, Croxton, Conger, Devanney, Davis, Donahoe, talented musician and prominent member of Dinkel, Dempsey, Delaney, Dillon, Eyke, Foley, A. M. both the Orpheus and Crescent clubs; Mr. Funke, A. W Funke, Feeney, Freytag, Fox, J. Flynn, Chassaing is the leading support both as an Farrell, Guerra, F. Hoffman, J. Hoffman, Hermann, Hennessy, - Hartnett, Healy, Harris. Hagan, Henley, old student and old member. Hudson, Hunt, Hodge, Jacobs, Jordan, Kelly, M. Kirby, No pains had been spared to insure the W. Kennedy, M. Kenny, Kearns, Krembs, Kintzele, successful rendition of the difficult numbers on F. Kenny, Karasynski, J. Kennedy, Leonard, Libert, the program. The bright instruments towered Lennon, Murray, McCuddy, D. Murphy, T. Monarch, Maj'nes, McCuUough, McVean, F. Murphy, E. Marck- over each other on the elevated, stage, and no hoff, McCarthy, Magnus McGarry, Ney, O'Shea, H. useful or desirable accessory was omitted by O'Neill, Pulskamp, Prichard, Perkins, Patier, Quinlan, the stage managers. C. Roby, M. Ryan, Reis, E. Roby, Stanton, Spalding, The program was fitly opened by the Band Stace, Whitehead, Walker, Wilkin, Weaver, Welsh. CARROLL HALL. with the grand overture " L'Espoir de L'Alsace," Messrs. Bergland, Barrett, R. E. Brown, O. Brown, J. which ended in a stirring burst of music Brown, Bennett, Berles, Blumenthal, Bachrach, Bixby, strangely significant and strongly suggestive of Baldauf, Burns, Brennan, Bacon, Covert, Cornell, Carter, the sounds of approaching cavalry. Chauvet, Clendenin, Connell, A. Coolidge, E. Coolidge, Cavanagh, Cullen, Crane, Carney, Chase, Dorsey, A. The cornet solo ''Non E Ver" by Mr. Cool- Druecker, Ducey, Dannemiller, Dillman, Dempsey, idge, merited the long-continued applause of Dixon, DeLormier, Dutt, Freeman, Franke, .Fossick, the audience, and to the e7icore he responded Funke, Finnerty, Ford, E. Gilbert, L. Gibson, N. Gibson, with "Old Folks at Home." Most effective in Gerding, Gonzales, Gerdes, Hack, Hittson, Hurley, H. Hill, Hoban, Hickey, D. Hilger, Harding. A. Hilger, its rendition was the famous medley from the Heizman, Howell, Jones, Janssen, KroUman, A. Kegler, "Bohemian Girl," and the finest selection W. Kegler, Kutina, Kuehl, Kelliher, Kinney, Klees, consisted in the baritone solo, "The Heart Lanagan, G. Lee, J. LaMoure, W. LaMoure, Lambka, Bowed Down." The medley "Sounds from Lantry, Lohner, Lawler, Langevin, G. Lowrey, Loser, Louie, Ludwig, Lane Lippman, Levi, M. Lee, H. Martin, Erin" was well received by the appreciative Maurer, Mitchell, .Maternes, Maguire, E. Murphy, L. audience, for "music brings back thoughts of Murphy, L. Miller, J. Miller, May, Marre, Mills, Marr, other years." Miles, Moss, Moore, Monaghan, C. Meyers, R. Miers, S. McDonald, McPhee, McCarrick, J. McPhillips, C. Mr. Bolton is not among the new members McPhillips, E. McDonald, Nolan, Nichols, O'Mara, F. of the band, but is in a new departure as baritone O'Brien, O'Connor, O'Neill, Oliver, Pim, Reis, Rumely, player. He played first tenor horn during the Rend, Ruppe, Repscher, Romero, Reber, Roesing, J. season of 'gi-'92, and for his improvement and Rozynek, P. Rozynek, Sievers, Sweet, Stearns, W. Spalding. 5. Spalding, Slevin, Spiegel, Sullivan, Sparks, worth as a musician ably succeeded to" the Schaack, Stephens, Segenfelter, Strauss, Sharp, Schroth, baritone tJiis year. His solo in the "Selections Strassheim, Shillington, Tong, Taylor, Trankle, Thome, from the Bohemian Girl" was the hit of the Tempel, Treber, Thornton, Wolf, Wagner, Walde, evening, securing a deserved demonstration Wensinger, Welty, Walker, H. Wilson, Whitehead, R. only equalled by the storm of applause at Wilson, Washburne, N. Weitzel, B. Weitzel, O. Wrio-ht, Mr. Chassaing's solo " Killarney " in the " Sounds D. Wright, Yeager, A. Yglesia, L. Yglesia, YorkfG. Zoehrlaut. of Erin." Mr. McCuddy merits special mention ST. EDWARD'S HALL. for his solo "Then You'll Remember Me." Masters Ayers, Ahern, G. Abrahams, L. Abrahams, The Band was kindly assisted by the Orpheus Arnold, Ball, Bopp, Bump, Barrett, Bourgeois, R. Ber- thelet, V. Berthelet, Brown, Crandall, Curry, Corry, Club and Mr. Vignos, whose sweet voices and Christ, Cross, Croke, Cressey, D. Campau, F. Campau, instruments came softly in appreciable inter­ Corcoran, ]. Coquillard, A. Coquillard, Durand, Devine, ludes to the concert which was a veritable Dugas, Elliott, Eagle, Egan, W. Emerson, F. Emerson, sonata, played with expression and effect. It Engelhardt, Finnerty, Flynn Freeman, Feltenstein, Girsch, Gavin, Green, Graff, Gifford, Howard, Higginson, does the critic good to mention something that Holbrook, Roy Higgins, Ral Higgins, J. Higgins, J. stands upon its own merits, and we offer our Healy, W. Healy, Ives, Jones, Johntry, Jonquet, Keeler, hearty congratulations to each and every mem­ Kilgallen, Kinney, LaMoure, L'awton, Loomis, Lowrey, ber of the Band upon their honors. The pleas­ Langley, Lohner, "Lysle.Maritzen, A. Monaghan, C. Monaghan,. Mirinigerode, Morris, McPhee, McAllister, ure we feel is not entirely unmingled, since we R. McCarthy, E. McCarthy, Emmit McCarthy, McCorry, have our regrets that this is the last concert to G. McCarthy, McDonald, McGushin, McGinley, Ninne- be given by the Band until their series of fare­ man, Oatman Otero, O'Neill, H. Pollitz, W. Pollitz, Peck, well' concerts given in June; That time must Pieser, Patterson, Pyle, L. Rasche, Roache, Roesing, V. Romero, Rohrbach, A. Roiriero, Robb, Ryer, H. Rasche, bring about many joys, however, and we are W. Scherrer, G. Scherrer, Stuckart, Shillington, Swan, content to wait. All honor to Father Mohiin Segenfelter, Schneider,-Shipp, Trankle, L. Thompson, and his Band! U..Th6mpson, Wilcox, Wagner, Wells.