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India's Geoheritage A DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENT FORTNIGHTLY 120 ` PRICE OU Y and HY P RA SSUE 25-26, NO. 136-137, 2019 136-137, NO. 25-26, SSUE I G VOL. 19, GEO INDIa’s SPECTACULAR GEOHERITAGE SITES LADAKH: THE INDIA-EURASIA COLLISION REGION E RRA MATTI DIBBALU: COASTAL RED SAND DUNES OF VISAKHAPATNAM THE CLIFFS OF VARKALA LONAR: THE IMPACT CRATER ZAWAR: WORLd’s oLdesT ZINC MINING AND METALLURGY SITE Appeal: Purchase copies to download. Help keep G’nY viable. Please do not share. Appeal: Purchase copies to download. Help keep G’nY viable. Please do not share. G’nY SINCE 2001 A DEVELOPMENT AND GEOGRAPHYANDYOU.COM GEOGRAPHY AND YOU ENVIRONMENT FORTNIGHTLY VOL. 19 ISSUE 25 & 26 No. 136 & 137 2019 INDIA’S SPECTACULAR GEOHERITAGE SITES 6 Conserving Indian Geoheritage: the Geopark Approach Manjit Kumar Mazumdar and Bidisha Bayan Global geopark networks have successfully contributed to the conservation and development of important geological sites by granting them a special status. India, despite having numerous significant geosites has not been designated a single global geopark till date. 16 Stromatolites: The Building Blocks of Life Mukund Sharma Signatures of evolution of the earliest life forms on earth—prolific growth of stromatolites are found in carbonate rocks deposited between 3900 and 541 million years ago. 26 Ladakh: The India-Eurasia Collision Region Satish C Tripathi Ladakh records the India-Eurasia plate collision, evolution of Himalaya and the present day drainage system. 36 Erra Matti Dibbalu: Coastal Red Sand Dunes of Visakhapatnam D Rajasekhar Reddy Owing to its geological significance, Geological Survey of India declared it a National Geoheritage Site in 2014 and the Government of Andhra Pradesh notified it as a Protected Area in 2016. 42 The Cliffs of Varkala Subhash Anand and Vidhi Saluja India’s only cliff geoheritage site along the coast of Kerala is recognised as a National Geological Monument. 50 When Dinosaurs Ruled the Indian Subcontinent Saswati Bandyopadhyay The sediments of Mesozoic Era records the signatures of dinosaur evolution and extinction in India. Appeal: Purchase copies to download. Help keep G’nY viable. Please do not share. 60 Meghalayan Age: The Youngest Age Interval in Earth’s History Debahuti Mukherjee, BasishaIangrai and Sabyasachi Shome The current geological age, starting 4200 years ago, is now called the Meghalayan Age, the youngest time division of the Holocene Epoch. 70 Lonar: The Impact Crater Amar Agarwal The only pristine impact crater formed in basaltic rocks, Lonar has numerous endemic species and microbial biodiversity. 80 Siwalik Hills: A Storehouse of Extinct Mammals V P Mishra The foothills of the Himalayan mountains are known worldwide as a storehouse of fossil mammals. 86 Zawar: World’s Oldest Zinc Mining and Metallurgy Site Pushpendra Singh Ranawat The Aravalli rocks host zinc and lead mineralisation which were mined in ancient times to extract zinc by a unique distillation process. HEERA RAMESH RTESY: IN BRIEF COU 3 Letters; 4 Editor’s Note; 78 Towards India’s PHOTO Geoheritage Conservation; 96 Books & Website Expert Panel Rasik Ravindra Sachidanand Sinha B Meenakumari Prithvish Nag Geologist and Professor, CSRD, Former Chairperson, Former Vice Chancellor, Secretary General, Jawaharlal Nehru National Biodiversity MG Kashi Vidyapeeth, 36 IGC, New Delhi. University, New Delhi. Authority, Chennai. Varanasi. Ajit Tyagi K J Ramesh Saraswati Raju B Sengupta Air Vice Marshal (Retd) Former Director Former Professor, CSRD, Former Member Secretary, Former DG, IMD, General, IMD, Jawaharlal Nehru Central Pollution Control New Delhi. New Delhi. University, New Delhi. Board, New Delhi. Appeal: Purchase copies to download. Help keep G’nY viable. Please do not share. Vol. 19, Issue 24 No. 135 ■ 2019: Timely and accurate data has always been the hallmark of G’nY. I read the last issue titled ‘Food Imperatives’ (Vol 19 Issue 24 No. 135) and every point was unbiased and clearly presented for independent interpretation by the reader. GEOGRAPHY AND YOU I particularly liked the article ‘Climate Change Impacts on Nutrition EDITOR In The Indian Context’. It wonderfully connected the dots between SULAGNA CHATTOPADHYAY two seemingly unrelated fields.- ABHINAV KR YADAV—via customer feedback. GUEST EDITOR SATISH C TRIPATHI SENIOR ADVISORS For more details log on to our website www.geographyandyou.com AJIT TYAGI THE ARTICLE ON ‘Sustainability and Living THE G’nY MAGAZINE RASIK RAVINDRA covers diverse thematic SARASWATI RAJU Marine Resources’ available online topics related to recent trends and issues. I was a thorough and informed account have been a regular reader and the content LEGAL ADVISOR of our aquatic resources. I believe the of the magazine is concise and easy to KRISHNENDU DATTA oceans, seas and coastal areas are critical read. However, I find few articles dedicated RESEARCH BY LIGHTS components of our earth’s ecosystem. to economic aspects and would request I liked how the author, Dr V Sampath, more coverage on the current slowdown COVER PHOTO A 10 M GRANITE BOULDER AT lucidly wrote about the issue. Treatise of the Indian economy.—ARUN SHARMA, YADGIRI, KARNATAKA. about space expeditions and stories about SHIMLA, HIMACHAL PRADESH via customer COURTESY GAJANAN HEGDE northeast India interest me.—RASHI feedback. GOGIA, GURGAON, HARYANA via CORRESPONDENCE/ EDITORIAL OFFICE customer feedback. MY EXPERIENCE WITH G’nY has been excellent 501, BHIKAJI CAMA BHAWAN, and I have been a devoted subscriber for the RK PURAM, THE SPECIAL ISSUE on ‘Development Driven last three years. The journo-mag has been NEW DELHI - 110066 PHONE: +91-11-46014233; Disasters’ (Vol 18, Issue 6 No. 117) and consistently delivering high quality content +91-11-26186350 ‘Landforms in India’ (Vol 19, Issue 17 No. over the years. There is no doubt that G’nY FOR NEW SUBSCRIPTIONS, 128) was well documented. The articles is the best journo-mag out there as it covers RENEWALS, ENQUIRIES PLEASE CONTACT are well structured and the contents are all issues ranging from social sciences, CIRCULATION MANAGER highly reliable, backed by solid academic Indian economy to disaster management and E-MAIL: info@geographyandyou. research. G’nY magazine covers almost sustainable development. I especially liked com all current and pressing issues that the issue on ‘India’s Agri Policy Challenges’, PLEASE VISIT OUR SITE AT www.geographyandyou.com are hard to find anywhere else.—RITAJ (Vol 18, Issue 11 No. 122) as it covers many FOR FURTHER INFORMATION. DOGRA, SHIMLA, HIMACHAL PRADESH important aspects and policies related to via customer feedback the oft neglected sector. —PRIYANSHU, ©GEOGRAPHY AND YOU ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PURANDAHA, HARYANA via customer THROUGHOUT THE WORLD. I THOROUGHLY ENJOY READING articles in G’nY. feedback. 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I would want is my area of interest.—Arnav Aggarwal, to read an issue on the Linguistic Survey PUBLISHED FROM Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh via of India.—rohIT ChATe via customer IRIS PUBLICATION PVT. LTD. customer feedback feedback. 111/9 KISHANGARH, ARUNA ASAF ALI MARG, VASANT KUNJ, NEW DELHI-110070. WRITE Editorial Office: IPP Ltd, 501, Bhikaji Cama Bhawan, R K Puram, New Delhi - 110066. Letters may be edited for clarity and length. GEOGRAPHY AND YOU DOES NOT TAKE Include name, address and telephone. PHONE 011-46014233, 26186350 EMAIL [email protected] ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR RETURNING FACEBOOK http://goo.gl/eIeaH, LINKEDIN http://in.linkedin.com/pub/geography-and-you/5a/b32/b24 WEBSITE www.geographyandyou.com. UNSOLICITED PUBLICATION MATERIAL. SUBSCRIPTIONS For institutional subscriptions of print copies you may write to [email protected] TO CONTRIBUTE AN ARTICLE: Kindly send the abstract of your article in not more than 200 words to [email protected]. ALL DISPUTES ARE SUBJECTED TO THE The abstract will be reviewed by our peers. Once selected we shall respond for the procurement of full article. The length of the final article may range from 1000 to 1500 words. Please visit our website for publication and peer review policy. EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF COMPETENT The Editorial Advisor. COURTS AND FORUMS IN DELHI/NEW DELHI ONLY. 3 2019 . GEOGRAPHY AND YOU VOL 19, ISSUE 25 & 26 NO. 136 & 137 Appeal: Purchase copies to download. Help keep G’nY viable. Please do not share. Editor’s note Sulagna Chattopadhyay Founder-Editor, Geography and You, New Delhi editor@ geographyandyou.com Conserving clues to an ever changing world During my college days we toured extensively—egged on by an inspired faculty who believed that learning resided in the outdoors. I remember the dark shafts and the stifling stillness of the Ghatshila copper mines’ innards (East Singhbhum, Jharkhand); the brightly lit humongous tunnels with freshwater pooling on the floor below the massive Himalayan gneissic mountain at Rammam hydel station (Darjeeling, West Bengal); the blistering sunshine and the red desert rocks at the Akal Fossil Park in Jaisalmer (Rajasthan)— memories that have shaped my learning. My appreciation for man’s unrelenting handiwork, of wringing out the proverbial ‘cheese from rocks’ grew by leaps and bounds. Yet I worried—was there a line between what we can do and what cannot be undone? Of course the development narrative for a nation like ours is pitched to a cacophony with multi-patriate interests looking to better lives.
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